2019 Prescription Drug List Traditional Three-Tier
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Long-Term Statin Use and Risk of Ductal and Lobular Breast Cancer Among Women 55 to 74 Years of Age
Published OnlineFirst July 5, 2013; DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0414 Cancer Epidemiology, Research Article Biomarkers & Prevention Long-Term Statin Use and Risk of Ductal and Lobular Breast Cancer among Women 55 to 74 Years of Age Jean A. McDougall1, Kathleen E. Malone1, Janet R. Daling1, Kara L. Cushing-Haugen1, Peggy L. Porter1,2, and Christopher I. Li1 Abstract Background: Mechanistic studies largely support the chemopreventive potential of statins. However, results of epidemiologic studies investigating statin use and breast cancer risk have been inconsistent and lacked the ability to evaluate long-term statin use. Methods: We used data from a population-based case–control study of breast cancer conducted in the Seattle–Puget Sound region to investigate the relationship between long-term statin use and breast cancer risk. Nine hundred sixteen invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and 1,068 invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) cases in patients 55 to 74 years of age diagnosed between 2000 and 2008 were compared with 902 control women. All participants were interviewed in-person and data on hypercholesterolemia and all episodes of lipid-lowering medication use were collected through a structured questionnaire. We assessed the relationship between statin use and IDC and ILC risk using polytomous logistic regression. Results: Current users of statins for 10 years or longer had a 1.83-fold increased risk of IDC [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14–2.93] and a 1.97-fold increased risk of ILC (95% CI: 1.25–3.12) compared with never users of statins. Among women diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia, current users of statins for 10 years or longer had more than double the risk of both IDC (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.17–3.57) and ILC (OR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.40–4.21) compared with never users. -
"Macrolides"? Classify Each Drug in This Chapter As a Macrolide Or Azalide, and As an Antibiotic Or Semi-Synthetic Derivative
STUDY GUIDE THE MACROLIDE/AZALIDE ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS 1. Why are these antibiotics derivatives called "macrolides"? Classify each drug in this chapter as a macrolide or azalide, and as an antibiotic or semi-synthetic derivative. 2. What are the key structural differences between erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin and dirithromycin? 3. Generally how does spiramycin and josamycin differ in structure from the commercial macrolides/azalides (2 reasons)? 4. What are the “ketolides and how do they differ in structure from the commercial macrolides? 5. What is the biosynthetic source of erythromycin? What is the lactone moiety of erythromycin called? What sugar moieties are present and what are their properties? 6. What hydrolysis product forms from erythromycin in aqueous acid or base? What is the significance of this reaction? Can it occur with other macrolides? 7. When does the “intramolecular cyclization” reaction occur with erythromycin? What is it's significance (two reasons) and how does it occur? Which functional groups are important for this reaction? 8. What salt forms of erythromycin are available? Which are water soluble? Which are water-insoluble? How is each salt form formulated and used (oral or parenteral)? 9. What ester and ester salt derivatives of erythromycin are available? What is the estolate? How is each salt form formulated and used (oral or parenteral)? What are the advantages of these esters dosage forms? 10. How does clarithromycin differ in structure from erythromycin? Why was this macrolide developed (the role of the 6-methoxy)? 11. How does azithromycin differ in structure from erythromycin? Why was this macrolide developed? 12. How does dirithromycin differ in structure from erythromycin? Why was this macrolide developed? What is the active form of this prodrug? 13. -
Top Twenty Pay-For-Delay Drugs: How Drug Industry Payoffs Delay Generics, Inflate Prices and Hurt Consumers
TOP TWENTY PAY-FOR-DELAY DRUGS: HOW DRUG INDUSTRY PAYOFFS DELAY GENERICS, INFLATE PRICES AND HURT CONSUMERS oo often, consumers are forced to shoulder a heavy financial burden, or even go without needed medicine, due to the high cost of brand-name drugs. Our research indicates that one significant cause is Tthe practice called “pay for delay,” which inflates the drug prices paid by tens of millions of Americans. In a pay-for-delay deal, a brand-name drug company pays off a would-be competitor to delay it from selling a generic version of the drug. Without any competition, the brand-name company can continue demanding high prices for its drug. This list of 20 drugs known to be impacted by pay-for-delay deals represents the tip of the iceberg. Annual reports by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) indicate that generic versions of as many as 142 brand-name drugs have been delayed by pay-for-delay arrangements between drug manufacturers since 2005.1 However, because the details of these deals rarely become public, consumers have largely been kept in the dark about the extent of the problem. Information about these twenty specific drugs affected by pay-for-delay deals has been made public thanks to legal challenges brought by the FTC, consumer class action lawsuits, research by legal experts, and public disclosures by drug makers. Key findings of our analysis of these 20 drugs impacted by pay-for-delay deals: . This practice has held back generic . These brand-name drugs cost medicines used by patients with a wide 10 times more than their generic range of serious or chronic conditions, equivalents, on average, and as much as ranging from cancer and heart disease, to 33 times more. -
Zhejiang Xianju Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd
No.1, Xianyao Road, Xianju, Zhejiang, China, 317300 Xianju Pharma Outline Outline I. Brief Introduction II. Quality Unit III. Production System IV. EHS System I. Brief Introduction Xianju Pharma Zhejiang Xianju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. A professional manufacturer of steroids and hormone products with largest scale and maximum varieties in China. A state-designated manufacturer of contraceptive drugs in China. Company Milestones Jan 1972 Foundation of company May 1997 Incorporated into Zhejiang Medicine Co., Ltd Oct. 1999 Listed in Shanghai Stock Market Jun. 2000 Reorganized into Xianju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd Dec. 2001 Reformed to Zhejiang Xianju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd Jan. 2010 listed in Shenzhen Stock Market Location of Xianju There are six airports around Shanghai Xianju, which makes us easily accessible for our partners. Headquarter Hangzhou Located in Xianju, Taizhou City Ningbo Yangfu Site (FPPs) Located in Yangfu, Xianju, Taizhou Yiwu City 6.8km from headquarter Duqiao Site (APIs) Located in LinHai, TaiZhou City, 82.9km from headquarter Taizhou Wenzhou Yangfu Site (APIs) Under construction, finish at 2017 Company Organization General Manager Vice G.M for Vice G.M Vice G.M for Vice G.M for Vice G.M for Quality Director Sales for Market Administration Finance Technology Finance Dept Finance Dept Application Tech Dept Endineering Construction Domestic DrugRegistrationDept. Research& Development Dept. Marketing Dept. Marketing Quality Control Quality Domestic Trading Dept International TradeDep Quality Assurance For FPP Quality Assurance For API Regulatory AffairsDept Human Resource Dept Information Technology Dept Dept Enterprise Management Dept Affairs Administrative Taizhou Xianju Quality System Quality Xianju Taizhou . t G.M. Assistant EHS Dept Production Management Dept G.M. -
Ceftazidime for Injection) PHARMACY BULK PACKAGE – NOT for DIRECT INFUSION
PRESCRIBING INFORMATION FORTAZ® (ceftazidime for injection) PHARMACY BULK PACKAGE – NOT FOR DIRECT INFUSION To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of FORTAZ and other antibacterial drugs, FORTAZ should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria. DESCRIPTION Ceftazidime is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactam antibacterial drug for parenteral administration. It is the pentahydrate of pyridinium, 1-[[7-[[(2-amino-4 thiazolyl)[(1-carboxy-1-methylethoxy)imino]acetyl]amino]-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1 azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl]-, hydroxide, inner salt, [6R-[6α,7β(Z)]]. It has the following structure: The molecular formula is C22H32N6O12S2, representing a molecular weight of 636.6. FORTAZ is a sterile, dry-powdered mixture of ceftazidime pentahydrate and sodium carbonate. The sodium carbonate at a concentration of 118 mg/g of ceftazidime activity has been admixed to facilitate dissolution. The total sodium content of the mixture is approximately 54 mg (2.3 mEq)/g of ceftazidime activity. The Pharmacy Bulk Package vial contains 709 mg of sodium carbonate. The sodium content is approximately 54 mg (2.3mEq) per gram of ceftazidime. FORTAZ in sterile crystalline form is supplied in Pharmacy Bulk Packages equivalent to 6g of anhydrous ceftazidime. The Pharmacy Bulk Package bottle is a container of sterile preparation for parenteral use that contains many single doses. The contents are intended for use in a pharmacy admixture program and are restricted to the preparation of admixtures for intravenous use. THE PHARMACY BULK PACKAGE IS NOT FOR DIRECT INFUSION, FURTHER DILUTION IS REQUIRED BEFORE USE. -
This Fact Sheet Provides Information to Patients with Eczema and Their Carers. About Topical Corticosteroids How to Apply Topic
This fact sheet provides information to patients with eczema and their carers. About topical corticosteroids You or your child’s doctor has prescribed a topical corticosteroid for the treatment of eczema. For treating eczema, corticosteroids are usually prepared in a cream or ointment and are applied topically (directly onto the skin). Topical corticosteroids work by reducing inflammation and helping to control an over-reactive response of the immune system at the site of eczema. They also tighten blood vessels, making less blood flow to the surface of the skin. Together, these effects help to manage the symptoms of eczema. There is a range of steroids that can be used to treat eczema, each with different strengths (potencies). On the next page, the potencies of some common steroids are shown, as well as the concentration that they are usually used in cream or ointment preparations. Using a moisturiser along with a steroid cream does not reduce the effect of the steroid. There are many misconceptions about the side effects of topical corticosteroids. However these treatments are very safe and patients are encouraged to follow the treatment regimen as advised by their doctor. How to apply topical corticosteroids How often should I apply? How much should I apply? Apply 1–2 times each day to the affected area Enough cream should be used so that the of skin according to your doctor’s instructions. entire affected area is covered. The cream can then be rubbed or massaged into the Once the steroid cream has been applied, inflamed skin. moisturisers can be used straight away if needed. -
35 Cyproterone Acetate and Ethinyl Estradiol Tablets 2 Mg/0
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH INCLUDING PATIENT MEDICATION INFORMATION PrCYESTRA®-35 cyproterone acetate and ethinyl estradiol tablets 2 mg/0.035 mg THERAPEUTIC CLASSIFICATION Acne Therapy Paladin Labs Inc. Date of Preparation: 100 Alexis Nihon Blvd, Suite 600 January 17, 2019 St-Laurent, Quebec H4M 2P2 Version: 6.0 Control # 223341 _____________________________________________________________________________________________ CYESTRA-35 Product Monograph Page 1 of 48 Table of Contents PART I: HEALTH PROFESSIONAL INFORMATION ....................................................................... 3 SUMMARY PRODUCT INFORMATION ............................................................................................. 3 INDICATION AND CLINICAL USE ..................................................................................................... 3 CONTRAINDICATIONS ........................................................................................................................ 3 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ....................................................................................................... 4 ADVERSE REACTIONS ....................................................................................................................... 13 DRUG INTERACTIONS ....................................................................................................................... 16 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ................................................................................................ 20 OVERDOSAGE .................................................................................................................................... -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2005/0070488A1 Coelingh Bennik Et Al
US 2005.0070488A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2005/0070488A1 Coelingh Bennik et al. (43) Pub. Date: Mar. 31, 2005 (54) ESTROGENIC COMPOUNDS IN prises the oral administration of an estrogenic component COMBINATION WITH PROGESTOGENIC and a progestogenic component to a mammal in an effective COMPOUNDS IN amount to prevent or treat Symptoms of hypoestrogenism, HORMONE-REPLACEMENT THERAPY wherein the estrogenic component is Selected from the group (76) Inventors: Herman Jan Tijmen Coelingh Bennik, consisting of Substances represented by the above formula in Driebergen (NL); Evert Johannes which formula R, R2, R, R independently are a hydrogen Bunschoten, Heesch (NL); Christian atom, a hydroxyl group or an alkoxy group with 1-5 carbon Franz Holinka, New York, NY (US) atoms; each of Rs, R, R-7 is a hydroxyl group; and no more than 3 of R, R2, R, R are hydrogen atoms; precursors Correspondence Address: capable of liberating a Substance according to the aforemen William Logsdon tioned formula when used in the present method; and Webb Ziesenheim Logsdon Orkin & Hanson mixtures of one or more of the aforementioned Substances 700 Koppers Building and/or precursors. Another aspect of the invention concerns 436 Seventh Avenue a pharmaceutical kit comprising oral dosage units that Pittsburgh, PA 15219-1818 (US) contain the aforementioned estrogenic component and a (21) Appl. No.: 10/495,707 progestogenic component as well as an androgenic compo nent. (22) PCT Filed: May 23, 2002 (86) PCT No.: PCT/NL02/00332 (30) Foreign Application Priority Data Nov. 15, 2001 (EP)........................................ O1204377.4 Feb. -
What Precautions Should We Use with Statins for Women of Childbearing
CLINICAL INQUIRIES What precautions should we use with statins for women of childbearing age? Chaitany Patel, MD, Lisa Edgerton, PharmD New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, North Carolina Donna Flake, MSLS, MSAS Coastal Area Health Education Center, Wilmington, NC EVIDENCE- BASED ANSWER Statins are contraindicated for women who are on its low tissue-penetration properties. pregnant or breastfeeding. Data evaluating statin Cholesterol-lowering with simvastatin 40 mg/d did use for women of childbearing age is limited; how- not disrupt menstrual cycles or effect luteal phase ever, they may be used cautiously with adequate duration (strength of recommendation: C). contraception. Pravastatin may be preferred based CLINICAL COMMENTARY Use statins only as a last resort Before reading this review, I had not been for women of childbearing age ® Dowdenaware Health of the serious Media effects of statin medications I try to follow the USPSTF recommendations and on the developing fetus. In conversations with not screen women aged <45 years without coro- my colleagues, I found that the adverse effects nary artery disease riskCopyright factors for Fhyperlipidemia.or personalof usestatins onlyduring pregnancy are not readily When a woman of any age needs treatment, my known. Such information needs to be more first-line therapy is lifestyle modification. Given the widely disseminated. risks of statin drugs to the developing fetus, Ariel Smits, MD women with childbearing potential should give Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science fully informed consent and be offered reliable University, Portland contraception before stating statin therapy. I Evidence summary anal, cardiac, tracheal, esophageal, renal, Hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A and limb deficiency (VACTERL associa- (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors, com- tion), intrauterine growth retardation monly called statins, have been on the (IUGR), and demise in fetuses exposed market since the late 1980s. -
Journal Pre-Proof
Journal Pre-proof Steroid hormones in the aquatic environment J.O. Ojoghoro, M.D. Scrimshaw, J.P. Sumpter PII: S0048-9697(21)03377-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148306 Reference: STOTEN 148306 To appear in: Science of the Total Environment Received date: 19 April 2021 Revised date: 3 June 2021 Accepted date: 3 June 2021 Please cite this article as: J.O. Ojoghoro, M.D. Scrimshaw and J.P. Sumpter, Steroid hormones in the aquatic environment, Science of the Total Environment (2018), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148306 This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. © 2018 © 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V. Journal Pre-proof Steroid Hormones in the Aquatic Environment Ojoghoro, J.O.a, Scrimshaw, M.D.b* and Sumpter, J.P.b a Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria b Division of Environmental Science, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom Abstract Steroid hormones are extremely important natural hormones in all vertebrates. -
Steroids Topical
Steroids, Topical Therapeutic Class Review (TCR) September 18, 2020 No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, digital scanning, or via any information storage or retrieval system without the express written consent of Magellan Rx Management. All requests for permission should be mailed to: Magellan Rx Management Attention: Legal Department 6950 Columbia Gateway Drive Columbia, Maryland 21046 The materials contained herein represent the opinions of the collective authors and editors and should not be construed to be the official representation of any professional organization or group, any state Pharmacy and Therapeutics committee, any state Medicaid Agency, or any other clinical committee. This material is not intended to be relied upon as medical advice for specific medical cases and nothing contained herein should be relied upon by any patient, medical professional or layperson seeking information about a specific course of treatment for a specific medical condition. All readers of this material are responsible for independently obtaining medical advice and guidance from their own physician and/or other medical professional in regard to the best course of treatment for their specific medical condition. This publication, inclusive of all forms contained herein, is intended to be educational in nature and is intended to be used for informational purposes only. Send comments and suggestions to [email protected]. September -
T 1635/09 T 1635/09 T 1635/09 (Verfahrenssprache) (Translation) (Traduction)
542 Amtsblatt EPA Official Journal EPO Journal officiel OEB 11/2011 Entscheidung der Technischen Decision of Technical Board Décision de la Chambre de Beschwerdekammer 3.3.02 of Appeal 3.3.02 dated recours technique 3.3.02 en date vom 27. Oktober 2010 27 October 2010 du 27 octobre 2010 T 1635/09 T 1635/09 T 1635/09 (Verfahrenssprache) (Translation) (Traduction) Zusammensetzung der Kammer: Composition of the Board: Composition de la Chambre : Vorsitzender: Chairman: Président : U. Oswald U. Oswald U. Oswald Mitglieder: Members: Membres : A. Lindner, L. Bühler A. Lindner, L. Bühler A. Lindner, L. Bühler Patentinhaber/Beschwerdeführer: Patent proprietor/Appellant: Titulaire/requérant : Bayer Schering Pharma Bayer Schering Pharma Bayer Schering Pharma Aktiengesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Einsprechender 01/ Opponent 01/Appellant: Opposant 01/requérant : Beschwerdeführer: STRAGEN PHARMA SA STRAGEN PHARMA SA STRAGEN PHARMA SA Einsprechender 02/ Opponent 02/Appellant: Opposant 02/requérant : Beschwerdeführer: Laboratorios Léon Farma, S.A. Laboratorios Léon Farma, S.A. Laboratorios Léon Farma, S.A. Einsprechender 03/ Opponent 03/Appellant: Opposant 03/requérant : Beschwerdeführer: Sandoz AG Sandoz AG Sandoz AG Einsprechender 04/ Opponent 04/Party to the Opposant 04/partie à la procédure : Verfahrensbeteiligter: proceedings: Helm AG Helm AG Helm AG Stichwort: Headword: Référence : Zusammensetzung für Empfängnisver- Composition for contraception/BAYER Composition contraceptive/BAYER hütung/BAYER SCHERING PHARMA AG SCHERING PHARMA