Any Other Development and Recent Trends Social Networking

ANAND KRISHNAMOORTHY E-mail: [email protected] was suggested early on. Efforts to support social networks via computer-mediated communication Abstract— Social networking is the practice of expanding the number of one's business and/or social contacts by making connections through individuals. Social network sites (SNSes) like were made in many early online services, MySpace, Twitter, and Bebo are ubiquitous and including Usenet, ARPANET, LISTSERV, and today’s youth are spending a great deal of time bulletin board services (BBS). Many prototypical using these sites to access public life and facebook features of social networking sites were also present in online services such as America Online, Prodigy, tops the list. This abstract portrays the evolution of and CompuServe. Early social networking on the social networking and its architecture followed the World Wide Web began in the form of by the technical aspects of one of the respective generalized online communities such [ sites. But the serious drawback of the social as Theglobe.com (1995), Geocities (1994) and Tripod.com (1995). Many of these early networking which is been faced commonly is communities focused on bringing people together to Hacking, though it has its own merits like interact with each other through chat rooms, and expression of affinity, more engaged users, E-mail encouraged users to share personal information and marketing capability on the other hand. This ideas via personal webpages by providing easy-to- presentation also focuses on the concept of hacking use publishing tools and free or inexpensive webspace. Some communities - such and few tricks to overcome it. as Classmates.com - took a different approach by simply having people link to each other via email I. INTRODUCTION addresses. A social network is a social structure made up of In the late 1990s, user profiles became a central feature of individuals (or organizations) called "nodes", social networking sites, allowing users to compile lists of "friends" and search for other users with similar interests. which are tied (connected) by one or more New social networking methods were developed by the specific types of interdependency, such as end of the 1990s, and many sites began to develop more friendship, kinship, common interest, financial advanced features for users to find and manage friends. exchange, dislike, or relationships of beliefs, [This newer generation of social networking sites began to knowledge or prestige. flourish with the emergence of SixDegrees.com in 1997, followed by Makeoutclub in 2000,Friendster in 2002, and soon became part of the Internet mainstream. Friendster was followed by MySpace and LinkedIn a year later, and, finally, . Attesting to the rapid increase in social networking sites' popularity, by 2005, it was reported A social networking service is an online service, that MySpace was getting more page views platform, or site that focuses on building and than Google. Face book, launched in 2004, has since reflecting of social networks or social relations become the largest social networking site in the among people, who, for example, share interests world.Today, it is estimated that there are now over 200 and/or activities. A social network service consists of active sites using a wide variety of social networking a representation of each user (often a profile), his/her models. social links, and a variety of additional services. Most social network services are web based and provide means for users to interact over the internet, such as email and instant messaging.

II. How social networking evolves??

The potential for computer networking to facilitate new forms of computer-mediated social interaction A. The Front End Facebook uses a variety of services, tools, and programming languages to make up its core infrastructure. At the front end, their servers run a LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP) stack with Memcache.

1) Linux & Apache

• Linux is a Unix-like computer operating system kernel. It’s open source, very customizable, and good for security. Facebook runs the Linux operating system on Apache HTTP Servers. Apache is also free and is the most popular open source web server in use. III. SOCIAL NETWORKING ARCHITECTURE

Facebook is social networking. People have been 2) MySQL “facebooking” each other for about 6 years now, making Facebook the most used social network with For the database, Facebook utilizes MySQL over 350 million users worldwide. But how does because of its speed and reliability. MySQL is Facebook work? used primarily as a key-value store as data is randomly distributed amongst a large set of logical instances. These logical instances are  -LAMP(frontend) spread out across physical nodes and load -PHP balancing is done at the physical node level.

-MySQL As far as customizations are concerned, -Memcache Facebook has developed a custom partitioning  CONNECTIVITES scheme in which a global ID is assigned to all data. They also have a custom archiving -Thrift scheme that is based on how frequent and -Scribes recent data is on a per-user basis. Most data is  SERVICES distributed randomly. -Ad services -Search -Network selector 3) PHP PHP originally stood for "Personal Home Page", it is now said to stand for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor“

PHP is a general-purpose server-side scripting languageoriginally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. For this purpose, PHP code is embedded into the HTML source document and interpreted by a web server with a PHP processor module, which generates the web page 4) Memcache It is a scalable framework useful for logging a Memcache is a memory caching system that is wide array of data. It is built on top of Thrift. used to speed up dynamic database-driven websites (like Facebook) by caching data and objects in RAM to reduce reading time. IV.NEWSFEED WOKING Memcache is Facebook’s primary form of caching and helps alleviate the database load.

Having a caching system allows Facebook to be as fast as it is at recalling your data. If it doesn’t have to go to the database it will just fetch your data from the cache based on your user ID.

Downsides to Using LAMP Facebook has realized that there are downsides to using the LAMP stack. Notably, PHP is not necessarily optimized for large websites and therefore hard to scale. Also, it is not the fastest executing language and the extension Work cycle of newsfeed framework is difficult to use. This is the popular and most complicated architecture in facebook which changes time to time and update about your friend’s activities, and this is one of the feature which makes B. The Back End facebook unique from other social networking sites. The leaf servers are essentially a cache Facebook’s backend services are written in a which stores the information about your friends variety of different programming languages activities. The aggregators as the name itself including C++, Java, Python, and Erlang. Their specifies perform some crude ranking on the philosophy for the creation of services is as information in the servers and display it your follows: wall as NEWSFEED based on the applied 1. Create a service if needed constraints .Here the communications ports are managed by the thrifts and scribes . The 2. Create a framework/toolset for easier essential part of newsfeed system ids the creation of services VIEWSTATUS which is the one take cares displaying current activities of your friend’s 3. Use the right programming language for the activities for example user might have seen task certain activities at 3P.M and if suppose user again logon at 6p.m he/she should not be in a a) Thrift (protocol) state to see the same content in the news feed, Thrift is a lightweight remote procedure call this was prevented by the view status with framework for scalable cross-language services some standard protocols development. Thrift supports C++, PHP, Python, Perl, Java, Ruby, Erlang, and others. It’s quick, saves development time, and provides a division of labor of work on high- performance servers and applications.

V.Benefits of social networking b) Scribe (log server) Scribe is a server for aggregating log data streamed in real-time from many other servers. With the rise of social networking among high I found my brother and sister after 15 years of school, college, and professionals in the field, it looking every where thanks facebook it was the has become necessary to recognize the greats feeling ever to know i found them and my importance of what messages you are putting search is over out there for others to see. A rising percentage of companies are using social networking sites to check out candidates. Even colleges are beginning to use these sites to find out more about their applicants. Barbara Stalter King

Social networking sites such as MySpace and My son is in the US Navy and home ported in Pearl Facebook offer opportunities to post a host of Harbor, Hawaii. Because of frequent deployments, it personal and professional experiences, is often difficult to stay in touch. A friend invited information, and even photos. You can also me to join Facebook and I immediately did so. I block information and make it available only to then invited my son to be on my friend list. His those you select to be able to view what you response, "Life as I know it is over, my mom is on have posted. Facebook." Facebook is a means for me to stay in touch with my Navy son, who I am so proud of! LinkedIn is a social networking site for professionals and provides an opportunity for etc………. them to connect and communicate with people working in specific fields of interest. LinkedIn \ also offers an opportunity to connect with people who know people you know in your EVERYTHIG HAS ITS BLACK network. As social networking sites grow, it MARK: becomes more important than ever for those posting on these sites to do so with care by being cautious not to divulge information that Though facebook is being a superior social might be harmful in your college and/or job networking site it faced criticism for several security search efforts. issues like phishing, hacking of user accounts and posting unauthorized contents etc., unknowingly VI. REAL TIME STORIES facebook allowed applications to be hijacked for stealing data or spreading malware. More recently, a /BENIFTS OF AN SOCIAL glitch allowed users to spy on Facebook Chat NETWORKING SITE sessions and problems with Yelp showed the risks of cross-site scripting in “instant personalization” sites Jacey Liane Cornell Phishing is an online attempt to trick users into Lecompte, Louisiana providing login and account information by pretending to be a login page or email from an In June of 2009, my mom's best friend's and her official organization. Common examples include husband were killed in a horrible motorcycle banks or email providers. accident in Idaho. We were in Louisiana. Their family was in Alabama. After trying to call family This can be controlled by changing the password and no one answering, their friend in Idaho was able frequently, running anti-virus software and never to reach my mom on the phone and tell her. My click suspicious links. These problems are due to mom couldn't get anyone on the phone either, so she complex algorithms and coding which make create got on Facebook, and because of Facebook, she was hole in the security phase and make hackers busy in able to reach her friends family and let them know elaborating it . It’s in the hands of facebook what happened. Thank you for keep us connected! administration to take care of carrying their reputation without a black mark..

Theresa Cruz REFERANCES http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network http://www.squidoo.com/create-a-social-networking-site http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/facebook-work-nuts-bolts- technology-explained/ http://www.infoq.com/presentations/Facebook-Software- Stack http://thrift.apache.org/ http://developers.facebook.com/scribe http://developers.facebook.com/phpembed http://developers.facebook.com/opensource.php http://developers.facebook.com/opensource http://science-facebook.blogspot.com/2011/04/facebook-you- in-hack-overcome-your.html http://theharmonyguy.com/2010/05/16/more-recent-security- problems-with-the-facebook-platform/

/

.