DOCSLIB.ORG

Efficient Runtimes for Gradual Typing

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Efficient Runtimes for Gradual Typing EFFICIENTRUNTIMESFORGRADUALTYPING A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by fabian muehlboeck (mühlböck) December 2019 ©2019 Fabian Muehlboeck Some parts of this dissertation (in particular, Chapters 2, 4, 5, and 7) are based on published work where publishing rights have been transferred to the Association for Computing Machinery. For those parts, the following copyright notices are required: For Chapter 2: Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]. Copyright is held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM. For the other chapters: Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]. ©2017 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to Association for Computing Machinery. EFFICIENTRUNTIMESFORGRADUALTYPING fabian muehlboeck Cornell University, 2019 This dissertation concerns the design and implementation of programming languages featuring gradual typing—which is the idea that some parts of a program may be type-checked dynamically while others are type-checked statically. This lets programmers trade off between the costs and benefits of using static type-checking for each individual part of their program as needed, and even eventually change their decisions about those trade-offs. Designing gradually typed languages has its own trade-offs: existing gradually typed languages had to essentially decide between being efficient versus behaving in expected and safe ways. Since many of those languages were just gradually typed variants of existing languages, those trade-offs were largely forced by the original language design. Here, we look at the design questions around gradual typing in an unconstrained scenario—what if we design a new language featuring gradual typing from the ground up? In particular, we explore these questions for nominal object-oriented programming languages. Designing a new language from the ground up lets us co-design the features of the language and its implementation. Accordingly, in this dissertation, we tackle a variety of design questions of particular importance to gradual typing, such as decidable subtyping, as well as questions of iii implementation, most importantly efficient casting techniques, which we evaluate using benchmarks from the literature on efficiency in gradual typing. The results presented here show that when gradual typing is co-designed with the rest of the type system and with an eye towards efficiency, it is possible to obtain both the desired formal properties proposed so far for gradual type systems and very low overheads due to gradual typing. This points the way towards a new generation of programming languages that can be used to seamlessly transition between personal scripting or rapid prototyping and large-scale software engineering. iv BIOGRAPHICALSKETCH Fabian Muehlboeck was born in Wels, Austria. He obtained a BSc in Soft- ware & Information Engineering from TU Wien (Vienna, Austria) and an MS in Computer Science from Northeastern University (Boston, MA, United States), where he was a Fulbright Exchange Student. After obtain- ing his Ph.D. in Computer Science from Cornell, he will be a postdoctoral researcher at IST Austria. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation is the culmination of six years in Cornell’s PhD program and all the things that happened before then in order to get there. There are so many people to thank for providing all kinds of help and support on the way. I owe a lot of gratitude to so many friends, colleagues, and mentors—at Cornell, at Google, at Northeastern, at PBS Logitek, and at TU Wien. There are far too many of them to name them all here, but a few people and institutions stand out even more than others: First and foremost, thanks to my advisor, Ross Tate, who not only shared my vision of programming language design research that is mindful of and accessible to programming language designers in industry, but also had the expertise and patience to guide me along this path. Thanks to my other committee members, Dexter Kozen and Richard Miller, who greatly supported me and helped me learn a ton of interesting things that would have otherwise not been immediately on my path. Thanks to other co-authors, Ben Greenman and Cosmo Viola, whose skill and dedication was inspiring and who were a pleasure to work with. Thanks to Kevin Bierhoff, who gave me a great opportunity to learn about work in programming languages in industry and in particular to get lots of practical experience with intermediate code. Thanks to Matthew Milano, who was not just an amazing roommate and friend, but also an excellent rubber duck for discussing research, and who answered an insanely high amount of C++ questions. vi Thanks to Becky Stewart, who is an amazing Assistant Director of the PhD program and has skillfully shepherded many cohorts of PhD students through the program, including me. Thanks to the Cornell CS department as a whole, its faculty, staff, and students; I’ll be forever grateful that I could spend some time with you. There were many people that helped me get there; thanks in particular to my Master’s advisor Mitchell Wand and second Master’s Thesis reader Amal Ahmed at Northeastern University, and to the PhD students in the Programming Research Lab at Northeastern, in particular Paul Stansifer and Dionna Amalie Glaze, who helped tremendously with my Master’s Thesis. In turn, I only got to study at Northeastern because of the Fulbright Program—lots of thanks to the citizens of Austria and the United States, and to the Austrian Fulbright commission, for giving me this opportunity. Thanks to Franz Puntigam at TU Wien, who showed me how interesting the field of programming languages is. Thanks to the National Science Foundation, whose CAREER grant to my advisor1 funded me for most of my PhD. Lastly, thanks to my parents, Manuela and Wolfram, and the rest of my amazing family, whose love and support I have been able to count on since even before I could count. 1 This material is based upon work supported by the NSF under grant CCF-1350182. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. The same holds for the Fulbright program and any other people and institutions mentioned in here except for sometimes my collaborators. vii The work in this dissertation itself would be a lot worse or non-existent were it not for the helpful feedback of my thesis committee, numerous reviewers at various instances of OOPSLA, POPL, and PLDI, various mem- bers of the gradual typing research community, and the programming language research groups at Cornell, Northeastern, TU Wien, and IST Austria. Thanks in particular to Julia Belyakova, Avik Chaudhuri, Ben- jamin Chung, Jonathan DiLorenzo, Molly Feldman, Matthias Felleisen, Ronald Garcia, Ben Greenman, Tom Henzinger, Andrew Hirsch, Basil Hosmer, Andrew Kent, Dexter Kozen, Stephen Longfield, Tom Magrino, Richard Miller, Greg Morrisett, Andrew Myers, Francesco Zappa Nardelli, Max New, Artem Pelenitsyn, Benjamin Pierce, Franz Puntigam, Gregor Richards, Adrian Sampson, Isaac Sheff, Jeremy Siek, Éric Tanter, Ross Tate, Ewan Tempero, Laure Thompson, Sam Tobin-Hochstadt, Jan Vitek, Michael Vitousek, IFIP WG 2.16, the Ceylon Team, and the Kotlin Team. viii CONTENTS 0 introduction1 0.1 Gradual Typing . 1 0.2 Gradual Typing in Industry . 3 0.3 Sound Gradual Typing . 5 0.4 Use Cases for Gradual Typing . 7 0.5 A Roadmap for Practical, Sound, and Efficient Gradual Typing 10 0.5.1 Nominality and Typed Libraries . 11 0.5.2 Milestones . 11 0.6 Contributions in this Dissertation . 14 I decidable subtyping 1 overview 19 2 decidable subtyping with variant generics 23 2.1 Introduction . 23 2.2 Background . 26 2.3 Materials and Shapes . 29 2.3.1 Materials . 30 2.3.2 Shapes . 32 2.3.3 Separating Materials and Shapes . 35 2.4 Industry Compatibility . 36 2.4.1 Methodology . 36 2.4.2 Findings . 37 2.4.3 Ceylon . 39 ix x contents 2.5 Applications . 40 2.5.1 Decidability of Subtyping . 41 2.5.2 Equivalences . 46 2.5.3 Joins . 50 2.5.4 Type Variables and Constraints . 54 2.5.5 Higher Kinds . 56 2.6 Future Work . 60 2.6.1 Conditional Inheritance . 61 2.6.2 Decidable Intraprocedural Type Inference . 62 2.6.3 Virtual Types . 63 2.7 Related Work . 64 2.8 Summary . 66 3 integrated subtyping 67 3.1 Introduction . 67 3.2 Motivation . 71 3.3 Formalizing Traditional Union and Intersection Subtyping . 77 3.3.1 Declarative Subtyping . 78 3.3.2 Reductive Subtyping .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Kathleen Fisher Question: Interesting Answer in Algol
    10/21/08 cs242! Lisp! Algol 60! Algol 68! Pascal! Kathleen Fisher! ML! Modula! Reading: “Concepts in Programming Languages” Chapter 5 except 5.4.5! Haskell! “Real World Haskell”, Chapter 0 and Chapter 1! (http://book.realworldhaskell.org/)! Many other languages:! Algol 58, Algol W, Euclid, EL1, Mesa (PARC), …! Thanks to John Mitchell and Simon Peyton Jones for some of these slides. ! Modula-2, Oberon, Modula-3 (DEC)! Basic Language of 1960! Simple imperative language + functions! Successful syntax, BNF -- used by many successors! real procedure average(A,n); statement oriented! real array A; integer n; No array bounds.! begin … end blocks (like C { … } )! begin if … then … else ! real sum; sum := 0; Recursive functions and stack storage allocation! for i = 1 step 1 until n Fewer ad hoc restrictions than Fortran! do General array references: A[ x + B[3] * y ] sum := sum + A[i]; Type discipline was improved by later languages! average := sum/n No “;” here.! Very influential but not widely used in US! end; Tony Hoare: “Here is a language so far ahead of its time that it was not only an improvement on its predecessors Set procedure return value by assignment.! but also on nearly all of its successors.”! Question:! Holes in type discipline! Is x := x equivalent to doing nothing?! Parameter types can be arrays, but! No array bounds! Interesting answer in Algol:! Parameter types can be procedures, but! No argument or return types for procedure parameters! integer procedure p; begin Problems with parameter passing mechanisms!
    [Show full text]
  • Edsger Dijkstra: the Man Who Carried Computer Science on His Shoulders
    INFERENCE / Vol. 5, No. 3 Edsger Dijkstra The Man Who Carried Computer Science on His Shoulders Krzysztof Apt s it turned out, the train I had taken from dsger dijkstra was born in Rotterdam in 1930. Nijmegen to Eindhoven arrived late. To make He described his father, at one time the president matters worse, I was then unable to find the right of the Dutch Chemical Society, as “an excellent Aoffice in the university building. When I eventually arrived Echemist,” and his mother as “a brilliant mathematician for my appointment, I was more than half an hour behind who had no job.”1 In 1948, Dijkstra achieved remarkable schedule. The professor completely ignored my profuse results when he completed secondary school at the famous apologies and proceeded to take a full hour for the meet- Erasmiaans Gymnasium in Rotterdam. His school diploma ing. It was the first time I met Edsger Wybe Dijkstra. shows that he earned the highest possible grade in no less At the time of our meeting in 1975, Dijkstra was 45 than six out of thirteen subjects. He then enrolled at the years old. The most prestigious award in computer sci- University of Leiden to study physics. ence, the ACM Turing Award, had been conferred on In September 1951, Dijkstra’s father suggested he attend him three years earlier. Almost twenty years his junior, I a three-week course on programming in Cambridge. It knew very little about the field—I had only learned what turned out to be an idea with far-reaching consequences. a flowchart was a couple of weeks earlier.
    [Show full text]
  • Learning React Functional Web Development with React and Redux
    Learning React Functional Web Development with React and Redux Alex Banks and Eve Porcello Beijing Boston Farnham Sebastopol Tokyo Learning React by Alex Banks and Eve Porcello Copyright © 2017 Alex Banks and Eve Porcello. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472. O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions are also available for most titles (http://oreilly.com/safari). For more information, contact our corporate/insti‐ tutional sales department: 800-998-9938 or [email protected]. Editor: Allyson MacDonald Indexer: WordCo Indexing Services Production Editor: Melanie Yarbrough Interior Designer: David Futato Copyeditor: Colleen Toporek Cover Designer: Karen Montgomery Proofreader: Rachel Head Illustrator: Rebecca Demarest May 2017: First Edition Revision History for the First Edition 2017-04-26: First Release See http://oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=9781491954621 for release details. The O’Reilly logo is a registered trademark of O’Reilly Media, Inc. Learning React, the cover image, and related trade dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc. While the publisher and the authors have used good faith efforts to ensure that the information and instructions contained in this work are accurate, the publisher and the authors disclaim all responsibility for errors or omissions, including without limitation responsibility for damages resulting from the use of or reliance on this work. Use of the information and instructions contained in this work is at your own risk. If any code samples or other technology this work contains or describes is subject to open source licenses or the intellectual property rights of others, it is your responsibility to ensure that your use thereof complies with such licenses and/or rights.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO Simplifying Datacenter Fault
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO Simplifying datacenter fault detection and localization A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science by Arjun Roy Committee in charge: Alex C. Snoeren, Co-Chair Ken Yocum, Co-Chair George Papen George Porter Stefan Savage Geoff Voelker 2018 Copyright Arjun Roy, 2018 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Arjun Roy is approved and is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Co-Chair Co-Chair University of California San Diego 2018 iii DEDICATION Dedicated to my grandmother, Bela Sarkar. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page . iii Dedication . iv Table of Contents . v List of Figures . viii List of Tables . x Acknowledgements . xi Vita........................................................................ xiii Abstract of the Dissertation . xiv Chapter 1 Introduction . 1 Chapter 2 Datacenters, applications, and failures . 6 2.1 Datacenter applications, networks and faults . 7 2.1.1 Datacenter application patterns . 7 2.1.2 Datacenter networks . 10 2.1.3 Datacenter partial faults . 14 2.2 Partial faults require passive impact monitoring . 17 2.2.1 Multipath hampers server-centric monitoring . 18 2.2.2 Partial faults confuse network-centric monitoring . 19 2.3 Unifying network and server centric monitoring . 21 2.3.1 Load-balanced links mean outliers correspond with partial faults . 22 2.3.2 Centralized network control enables collating viewpoints . 23 Chapter 3 Related work, challenges and a solution . 24 3.1 Fault localization effectiveness criteria . 24 3.2 Existing fault management techniques . 28 3.2.1 Server-centric fault detection . 28 3.2.2 Network-centric fault detection .
    [Show full text]
  • Crawling Code Review Data from Phabricator
    Friedrich-Alexander-Universit¨atErlangen-N¨urnberg Technische Fakult¨at,Department Informatik DUMITRU COTET MASTER THESIS CRAWLING CODE REVIEW DATA FROM PHABRICATOR Submitted on 4 June 2019 Supervisors: Michael Dorner, M. Sc. Prof. Dr. Dirk Riehle, M.B.A. Professur f¨urOpen-Source-Software Department Informatik, Technische Fakult¨at Friedrich-Alexander-Universit¨atErlangen-N¨urnberg Versicherung Ich versichere, dass ich die Arbeit ohne fremde Hilfe und ohne Benutzung anderer als der angegebenen Quellen angefertigt habe und dass die Arbeit in gleicher oder ¨ahnlicherForm noch keiner anderen Pr¨ufungsbeh¨ordevorgelegen hat und von dieser als Teil einer Pr¨ufungsleistung angenommen wurde. Alle Ausf¨uhrungen,die w¨ortlich oder sinngem¨aߨubernommenwurden, sind als solche gekennzeichnet. Nuremberg, 4 June 2019 License This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0), see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Nuremberg, 4 June 2019 i Abstract Modern code review is typically supported by software tools. Researchers use data tracked by these tools to study code review practices. A popular tool in open-source and closed-source projects is Phabricator. However, there is no tool to crawl all the available code review data from Phabricator hosts. In this thesis, we develop a Python crawler named Phabry, for crawling code review data from Phabricator instances using its REST API. The tool produces minimal server and client load, reproducible crawling runs, and stores complete and genuine review data. The new tool is used to crawl the Phabricator instances of the open source projects FreeBSD, KDE and LLVM. The resulting data sets can be used by researchers.
    [Show full text]
  • Artificial Intelligence for Understanding Large and Complex
    Artificial Intelligence for Understanding Large and Complex Datacenters by Pengfei Zheng Department of Computer Science Duke University Date: Approved: Benjamin C. Lee, Advisor Bruce M. Maggs Jeffrey S. Chase Jun Yang Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Computer Science in the Graduate School of Duke University 2020 Abstract Artificial Intelligence for Understanding Large and Complex Datacenters by Pengfei Zheng Department of Computer Science Duke University Date: Approved: Benjamin C. Lee, Advisor Bruce M. Maggs Jeffrey S. Chase Jun Yang An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Computer Science in the Graduate School of Duke University 2020 Copyright © 2020 by Pengfei Zheng All rights reserved except the rights granted by the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial Licence Abstract As the democratization of global-scale web applications and cloud computing, under- standing the performance of a live production datacenter becomes a prerequisite for making strategic decisions related to datacenter design and optimization. Advances in monitoring, tracing, and profiling large, complex systems provide rich datasets and establish a rigorous foundation for performance understanding and reasoning. But the sheer volume and complexity of collected data challenges existing techniques, which rely heavily on human intervention, expert knowledge, and simple statistics. In this dissertation, we address this challenge using artificial intelligence and make the case for two important problems, datacenter performance diagnosis and datacenter workload characterization. The first thrust of this dissertation is the use of statistical causal inference and Bayesian probabilistic model for datacenter straggler diagnosis.
    [Show full text]
  • Fiendish Designs
    Fiendish Designs A Software Engineering Odyssey © Tim Denvir 2011 1 Preface These are notes, incomplete but extensive, for a book which I hope will give a personal view of the first forty years or so of Software Engineering. Whether the book will ever see the light of day, I am not sure. These notes have come, I realise, to be a memoir of my working life in SE. I want to capture not only the evolution of the technical discipline which is software engineering, but also the climate of social practice in the industry, which has changed hugely over time. To what extent, if at all, others will find this interesting, I have very little idea. I mention other, real people by name here and there. If anyone prefers me not to refer to them, or wishes to offer corrections on any item, they can email me (see Contact on Home Page). Introduction Everybody today encounters computers. There are computers inside petrol pumps, in cash tills, behind the dashboard instruments in modern cars, and in libraries, doctors’ surgeries and beside the dentist’s chair. A large proportion of people have personal computers in their homes and may use them at work, without having to be specialists in computing. Most people have at least some idea that computers contain software, lists of instructions which drive the computer and enable it to perform different tasks. The term “software engineering” wasn’t coined until 1968, at a NATO-funded conference, but the activity that it stands for had been carried out for at least ten years before that.
    [Show full text]
  • The Humble Humorous Researcher: a Tribute to Michel Sintzoff
    The Humble Humorous Researcher A Tribute to Michel Sintzoff Axel van Lamsweerde 1 Many of us lost a close colleague on November 28, 2010. More than that: we lost a friend. One that we used to meet regularly, all over the world, always listening to us, making interesting comments and suggestions on our work, joking on every occasion and making us discover how much fun our business is. Rather than reviewing his work in detail, this note puts more focus on Michel’s rich personality, with the hope that it will bring back fond memories among those who were lucky enough to share some good times with him. The style is intended to be personal and informal. Michel would have hated anything different, to be sure. Born in 1938 in Brussels, Michel completed his master’s degree in Mathematics at the Université catholique de Louvain (UCL) in 1962. After two years of civil service as a maths teacher in Katanga (Congo), he entered the MBLE Research Laboratory in Brussels in 1964 (MBLE stands for “ Manufacture Belge de Lampes et matériel Electrique”). This was a branch of Philips Research Labs specifically dedicated to background research in applied mathematics and computing science. After 18 years of research in programming languages, formal semantics, program analysis and concurrency at MBLE, he joined the newly founded department of Computing Science at UCL in 1982 with new interests in diverse areas such as proof systems, control theory and dynamical systems. Michel contributed to the PhD work of dozens of people in Belgium and France, as supervisor or contributor, without ever having been interested in getting a PhD himself.
    [Show full text]
  • Unicorn: a System for Searching the Social Graph
    Unicorn: A System for Searching the Social Graph Michael Curtiss, Iain Becker, Tudor Bosman, Sergey Doroshenko, Lucian Grijincu, Tom Jackson, Sandhya Kunnatur, Soren Lassen, Philip Pronin, Sriram Sankar, Guanghao Shen, Gintaras Woss, Chao Yang, Ning Zhang Facebook, Inc. ABSTRACT rative of the evolution of Unicorn's architecture, as well as Unicorn is an online, in-memory social graph-aware index- documentation for the major features and components of ing system designed to search trillions of edges between tens the system. of billions of users and entities on thousands of commodity To the best of our knowledge, no other online graph re- servers. Unicorn is based on standard concepts in informa- trieval system has ever been built with the scale of Unicorn tion retrieval, but it includes features to promote results in terms of both data volume and query volume. The sys- with good social proximity. It also supports queries that re- tem serves tens of billions of nodes and trillions of edges quire multiple round-trips to leaves in order to retrieve ob- at scale while accounting for per-edge privacy, and it must jects that are more than one edge away from source nodes. also support realtime updates for all edges and nodes while Unicorn is designed to answer billions of queries per day at serving billions of daily queries at low latencies. latencies in the hundreds of milliseconds, and it serves as an This paper includes three main contributions: infrastructural building block for Facebook's Graph Search • We describe how we applied common information re- product. In this paper, we describe the data model and trieval architectural concepts to the domain of the so- query language supported by Unicorn.
    [Show full text]
  • Napier88 Reference Manual Release 2.2.1
    Napier88 Reference Manual Release 2.2.1 July 1996 Ron Morrison Fred Brown* Richard Connor Quintin Cutts† Alan Dearle‡ Graham Kirby Dave Munro University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, Scotland. *Department of Computer Science, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia. †University of Glasgow, Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland. ‡University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. This document should be referenced as: “Napier88 Reference Manual (Release 2.2.1)”. University of St Andrews (1996). Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 5 2 CONTEXT FREE SYNTAX SPECIFICATION.......................................... 8 3 TYPES AND TYPE RULES ................................................................ 9 3.1 UNIVERSE OF DISCOURSE...............................................................................................9 3.2 THE TYPE ALGEBRA..................................................................................................... 10 3.2.1 Aliasing............................................................................................................... 10 3.2.2 Recursive Definitions............................................................................................. 10 3.2.3 Type Operators...................................................................................................... 11 3.2.4 Recursive Operators ..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Publiek Domein Laat Bedrijven Te Veel Invullen
    Steven Pemberton, software-uitvinder en bouwer aan het World wide web Publiek domein laat bedrijven te veel invullen De Brit Steven Pemberton is al sinds 1982 verbonden aan het Centrum voor Wiskunde Informatica (CWI) in Amsterdam. Ook hij is een aartsvader van het internet. Specifiek van het World wide web, waarvan hij destijds dicht bij de uitvinding zat. Steven blijft naar de toekomst kijken, nog met dezelfde fraaie idealen. C.V. 19 februari 1953 geboren te Ash, Surrey, Engeland 1972-1975 Programmeur Research Support Unit Sussex University 1975-1977 Research Programmer Manchester University 1977-1982 Docent Computerwetenschap Brighton University 1982-heden Onderzoeker aan het Centrum voor Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI) Verder: 1993–1999 Hoofdredacteur SIGCHI Bulletin en ACM Interactions 1999–2009 Voorzitter HTML en XHTML2 werkgroepen van W3C 2008-heden Voorzitter XForms werkgroep W3C The Internet Guide to Amsterdam Homepage bij het CWI Op Wikipedia 1 Foto’s: Frank Groeliken Tekst: Peter Olsthoorn Steven Pemberton laat zich thuis interviewen, op een typisch Amsterdamse plek aan de Bloemgracht, op de 6e etage van een pakhuis uit 1625 met uitzicht op de Westertoren. Hij schrijft aan een boek, een voortzetting van zijn jaarlijkse lezing in Pakhuis de Zwijger, met in 2011 The Computer as Extended Phenotype (Computers, Genes and You) als titel. Wat is je thema? “De invloed van hard- en software op de maatschappij, vanuit de nieuwe technologie bezien. ‘Fenotype’ gaat over computers als product van onze genen, als een onderdeel van de evolutie. Je kunt de aanwas van succesvolle genen zien als een vorm van leren, of een vorm van geheugen.
    [Show full text]
  • An Interview with Tony Hoare ACM 1980 A.M. Turing Award Recipient
    1 An Interview with 2 Tony Hoare 3 ACM 1980 A.M. Turing Award Recipient 4 (Interviewer: Cliff Jones, Newcastle University) 5 At Tony’s home in Cambridge 6 November 24, 2015 7 8 9 10 CJ = Cliff Jones (Interviewer) 11 12 TH = Tony Hoare, 1980 A.M. Turing Award Recipient 13 14 CJ: This is a video interview of Tony Hoare for the ACM Turing Award Winners project. 15 Tony received the award in 1980. My name is Cliff Jones and my aim is to suggest 16 an order that might help the audience understand Tony’s long, varied, and influential 17 career. The date today is November 24th, 2015, and we’re sitting in Tony and Jill’s 18 house in Cambridge, UK. 19 20 Tony, I wonder if we could just start by clarifying your name. Initials ‘C. A. R.’, but 21 always ‘Tony’. 22 23 TH: My original name with which I was baptised was Charles Antony Richard Hoare. 24 And originally my parents called me ‘Charles Antony’, but they abbreviated that 25 quite quickly to ‘Antony’. My family always called me ‘Antony’, but when I went to 26 school, I think I moved informally to ‘Tony’. And I didn’t move officially to ‘Tony’ 27 until I retired and I thought ‘Sir Tony’ would sound better than ‘Sir Antony’. 28 29 CJ: Right. If you agree, I’d like to structure the discussion around the year 1980 when 30 you got the Turing Award. I think it would be useful for the audience to understand 31 just how much you’ve done since that award.
    [Show full text]