UPDATE ON USFWS RISK ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES
Kate Wyman-Grothem U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Midwest Region Ecological Risk Screening Summary (ERSS) Freshwater Fish Injurious Species Risk Assessment Model (FISRAM) Crayfish Invasiveness Risk Assessment Model (CIRAM) Components of USFWS Risk Assessment Activities*
Freshwater Fish Injurious Crayfish Invasiveness Risk Ecological Risk Screening Species Risk Assessment Assessment Model (CIRAM) Summary (ERSS) Model (FISRAM) – in development Type of assessment Semi-quantitative rapid screen Bayesian network model Bayesian network model Published information and Published information and Sources of evidence Published information expert opinion expert opinion Taxonomic scope All Freshwater fish Crayfish Contiguous United States Geographic scope (supplement available for non- Flexible Flexible contiguous states and territories) Time to complete approx. 3 days 1-2 months minimum 1-2 months minimum Number of completed >1,000 2 0 assessments
*excluding participation in species-specific comprehensive risk assessment efforts Components of USFWS Risk Assessment Activities*
Freshwater Fish Injurious Crayfish Invasiveness Risk Ecological Risk Screening Species Risk Assessment Assessment Model (CIRAM) Summary (ERSS) Model (FISRAM) – in development Arrival considered? No Yes Yes Survival considered? Yes Yes Yes Establishment Yes Yes Yes considered? Spread considered? Yes Yes Yes Ecological impacts Yes Yes Yes considered? Socioeconomic impacts Yes Yes Yes considered? Manageability No No No considered?
*excluding participation in species-specific comprehensive risk assessment efforts NEWLY AVAILABLE & UPDATED ERSS OF RELEVANCE TO THE GREAT LAKES • Killer Shrimp (Dikerogammarus villosus) High Risk • Danube Crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus) • Fishhook Waterflea (Cercopagis pengoi) Crustaceans • Demon Shrimp (Dikerogammarus haemobaphes) • Amphipod (Pontogammarus robustoides) • Water Flea (Daphnia lumholtzi) • Estuarine Mudcrab (Rhithropanopeus harrisii)
Photo credit: NOAA GLERL • Maraena Whitefish (Coregonus maraena) High Risk • Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) • European Smelt (Osmerus eperlanus) Fish • Eastern Mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) • Northern Snakehead (Channa argus) • Redear Sunfish (Lepomis microlophus) • Topmouth Culter (Culter alburnus) • Inland Silverside (Menidia beryllina) • Barbel (Barbus barbus) • Sailfin Molly (Poecilia latipinna) • Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica) • Gudgeon (Gobio gobio) • Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) • Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) • Red-rim Melania (Melanoides tuberculata) High Risk • Channeled Applesnail (Pomacea canaliculata) • Chinese Mystery Snail (Cipangopaludina chinensis) Mollusks • Dark Falsemussel (Mytilopsis leucophaeata) • Nutria (Myocastor coypus) High Risk • Egyptian Goose (Alopochen aegyptiaca) Other • American Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) Vertebrates • Giant Reed (Arundo donax) High Risk • Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) • Pacific Mosquitofern (Azolla filiculoides) Plants • Parrotfeather (Myriophyllum aquaticum) • Water Lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) • Reed Canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea) • Eurasian Watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) • Alligator Weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) • Flowering Rush (Butomus umbellatus) • Carolina Fanwort (Cabomba caroliniana) • Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) • African Elodea (Lagarosiphon major) • Curly Leaved Pondweed (Potamogeton crispus) • Large-flower Primrose-willow (Ludwigia grandiflora) • Brittle Waternymph (Najas minor) • Water Chestnut (Trapa natans) • Cockatoo Cichlid (Apistogramma cacatuoides) Low Risk • Zebra Loach (Botia striata) • Tricolor Sharkminnow (Balantiocheilos melanopterus) Fish • Redtail Sharkminnow (Epalzeorhynchos bicolor) • Redclaw (Cherax quadricarinatus) Updated • Tench (Tinca tinca) • Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) High Risk • Nile Perch (Lates niloticus) ERSS • Blue Tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) • Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) • Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) • Jaguar Guapote (Parachromis managuensis) • Guppy (Poecilia reticulata) • Orinoco Sailfin Catfish (Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus) • Amazon Sailfin Catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) • Marbled Crayfish (Procambarus virginalis) Updated • Mrigal Carp (Cirrhinus cirrhosus) • Black Acara (Cichlasoma bimaculatum) Uncertain • Crucian Carp (Carassius carassius) Risk ERSS • Addition of U.S. commonwealths and territories as Expanded target regions • Ability to conduct a climate matching analysis for a Climate single State or territory Matching • Improved handling of extremely high and extremely low volumes of species occurrence data Capabilities • RAMP SOP now available online (RAMP 3.1)
• ERSS: Recent – Supporting USEPA in nonnative zooplankton findings Applications – Supporting the State of New York in decision-making following eDNA reports of northern snakehead of USFWS – Identifying targets for invertebrate early detection through the USFWS Early Detection and Monitoring Risk (EDM) program in the U.S. Great Lakes Assessment • FISRAM: Evaluating risk of African longfin eel in the Great aquaculture in Michigan Lakes Region All lakes: Demon Shrimp, Killer Shrimp, Marbled Crayfish
Red Swamp Crayfish Amphipod Pontogammarus robustoides
Red Swamp Crayfish Chinese Mitten Crab
Red Swamp Crayfish Golden Mussel Japanese Mysterysnail Chinese Mitten Crab
Golden Mussel Channeled Applesnail • Continue to update finalized ERSS reports, Future incorporating the latest research and climate matching results Directions • Continue to respond to partner requests to produce ERSS reports that are not currently in our database • Implement a standardized horizon scanning protocol to identify future suites of species for risk screening based on priority pathways and climate matching • Increase attention to uncertain risk ERSS, prioritizing species for more in-depth assessment • USFWS website: https://www.fws.gov/fisheries/ans/prevention.html Resources – All completed ERSS reports, organized by risk category and taxon – Standard Operating Procedures for ERSS and RAMP – Peer review summaries for ERSS and FISRAM
• Example use of FISRAM: Wyman-Grothem, K. E., N. Popoff, M. Hoff, and S. Herbst. 2018. Evaluating risk of African Longfin Eel (Anguilla mossambica) aquaculture in Michigan, USA, using a Bayesian belief network of freshwater fish invasion. Management of Biological Invasions 9(4):395-403.
• Email [email protected] to request an ERSS report not on the website or a copy of RAMP for your own use.