David Nicholls Consulting Ecology ● Wildlife ● Conservation
Witherley Parish Ecological Survey 2019
69 Church Lane, Ratby, Leicestershire, LE6 0JF Tel: 0116 239 3159, Email: [email protected]
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Table of Contents Summary ...... 5 Recommendations ...... 8 Habitat Management Guidance ...... 9 Hedges ...... 9 Road verges ...... 9 Grassland ...... 10 Skylarks ...... 10 Introduction ...... 11 Ecological surveys and designations...... 11 Survey in 1985/6 ...... 11 Survey in 2011 ...... 11 Designations ...... 12 Local Wildlife Sites ...... 12 Sites of Special Scientific Interest ...... 12 Local Nature Reserves ...... 12 Biodiversity Improvement Areas ...... 12 JNCC Priority Habitats ...... 13 Parish Biodiversity Grade ...... 13 Record data ...... 13 Site Overview Maps ...... 14 Ratcliffe Culey – village ...... 14 Ratcliffe Culey - east ...... 15 Atterton ...... 16 Fenny Drayton ...... 17 Witherley ...... 18 Site Summary ...... 19 Site Details ...... 24 1. Ratcliffe Culey field 201 ...... 24 2. Ratcliffe Culey field 202 ...... 26 3. Ratcliffe Culey field 203 ...... 27 4. Ratcliffe Culey field 205 ...... 29 5. Ratcliffe Culey field 209 ...... 30 6. Ratcliffe Culey field 212 ...... 31 7. Ratcliffe Culey field 213 ...... 32
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8. Ratcliffe Culey field 215 ...... 34 9. Ratcliffe Culey field 217 ...... 35 10. Ratcliffe Culey field 301 ...... 36 11. Ratcliffe Culey field 302 ...... 38 12. Ratcliffe Culey field 305 ...... 39 13. Ratcliffe Culey field 308 ...... 40 14. Ratcliffe Culey Gravel Pits ...... 42 15. Ratcliffe Culey, Main Road hedges ...... 46 16. Ratcliffe Culey All Saints Churchyard ...... 48 17. Atterton field 435 ...... 49 18. Atterton field 402 ...... 50 19. Atterton field 437 ...... 52 20. Atterton field 446 ...... 53 21. Atterton field 401 ...... 54 22. Atterton field 434 ...... 56 23. Atterton – Upton Lane hedges ...... 57 24. Atterton Lane hedges ...... 59 25. Fenny Drayton St Michael & All Angels Churchyard...... 60 26. Fenny Drayton field 501 ...... 61 27. Fenny Drayton field 505a ...... 63 28. Fenny Drayton field 507 ...... 64 29. Fenny Drayton, Fenn Lane hedges ...... 66 30. Fenny Drayton, Drayton Lane hedges ...... 67 31. Witherley field 602 ...... 69 32. Witherley field 603, Cottager’s Piece ...... 70 33. Witherley fields 608/609 ...... 73 34. Witherley field 636 ...... 74 35. Witherley field 730 ...... 77 36. Witherley, Atterton Road hedges ...... 78 Appendices ...... 80 Appendix 1 – species recorded in field 201 ...... 80 Appendix 2 – species recorded in field 202 ...... 82 Appendix 3 – species recorded in field 203 ...... 84 Appendix 4 – species recorded in field 205 ...... 87 Appendix 5 – species recorded in field 209 ...... 89
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Appendix 6– species recorded in field 212 ...... 91 Appendix 7 – species recorded in field 213 ...... 93 Appendix 8 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey field 215 ...... 94 Appendix 9 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey field 217 ...... 95 Appendix 10 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey field 301 ...... 97 Appendix 11 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey field 302 ...... 99 Appendix 12 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey field 305 ...... 100 Appendix 13 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey field 308 ...... 102 Appendix 14 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey Gravel Pits ...... 104 Appendix 15 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey, Main Road hedges ...... 107 Appendix 16 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey St Saints Churchyard ...... 108 Appendix 17 – species recorded in Atterton field 435 ...... 109 Appendix 18 – species recorded in Atterton field 402 ...... 111 Appendix 19 – species recorded in Atterton field 437 ...... 113 Appendix 20 – species recorded in Atterton field 446 ...... 115 Appendix 21 – species recorded in Atterton field 401 ...... 117 Appendix 22 – species recorded in Atterton field 434 ...... 119 Appendix 23a – species recorded in Atterton, Upton Road hedges ...... 121 Appendix 23b – species recorded in Atterton, A444 verge ...... 122 Appendix 24 – species recorded in Atterton, Atterton Lane hedges ...... 123 Appendix 25 – species recorded in Fenny Drayton Churchyard ...... 124 Appendix 26 – species recorded in Fenny Drayton field 501 ...... 126 Appendix 27 – species recorded in Fenny Drayton field 505a ...... 128 Appendix 28 – species recorded in Fenny Drayton field 507 ...... 130 Appendix 29 – species recorded in Fenny Drayton, Fenn Lane hedges ...... 132 Appendix 30 – species recorded in Fenny Drayton, Drayton Lane hedges ...... 133 Appendix 31 – species recorded in Witherley field 602 ...... 134 Appendix 32 – species recorded in Witherley field 603, Cottager’s Piece ...... 135 Appendix 33 – species recorded in Witherley fields 608/9 ...... 137 Appendix 34 – species recorded in Witherley field 636 ...... 139 Appendix 35 – species recorded in Witherley field 730 ...... 141 Appendix 36 – species recorded in Witherley, Atterton Road hedges ...... 143 Appendix 37 – list of all species recorded by this survey ...... 144 Appendix 38 –Local Wildlife Site Assessment Forms ...... 155
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Summary Witherley Parish is a predominantly rural area of west Leicestershire with just four relatively small settlements: Witherley, Ratcliffe Culey, Fenny Drayton and Atterton. The land is flat and traversed by the River Sence, River Tweed and the River Anker. Historically the topography would have meant much of the area was wet and marshy but today most areas are well drained by a network of ditches criss-crossing much of the land. Agricultural activity is divided between arable and livestock pasture.
The Parish has a very low coverage by woodland, only 0.54%. A further 0.07 % is mesotrophic grassland and 58% of the Parish is bordered by a water course.
This survey of selected sites was commissioned by Witherley Parish Council to support the production of their Neighbourhood Development Plan. The survey focussed on flora but also noted fauna and fungi when encountered. During the survey, over 1800 records were collected in total comprising 448 species, as summarised below. A full list of all species recorded is provided in Appendix 37.
Taxon Group Species No. Amphibians 1 Bees, Wasps & Ants 15 Beetles 20 Birds 28 Bugs 22 Butterflies 15 Centipedes & Millipedes 1 Craneflies 3 Dragonflies & Damselflies 8 Earwigs 1 Ferns & Horsetails 2 Fish 1 Flies, Gnats and Midges 15 Fungi 8 Grasses, Rushes & Sedges 38 Grasshoppers & Crickets 8 Hoverflies 19 Insect - true fly (Diptera) 2 Lacewings & Scorpionflies 1 Lichens 9 Mammals 3 Mayflies 1 Mosses & Liverworts 1 Moths 22 Sawflies 6 Slugs & Snails 15 Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites 13 Trees, Shrubs & Climbers 37 Wildflowers 128 Woodlice, Crustaceans 5 Grand Total 448
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A total of 36 different sites were visited and from these 82 habitat features were separately surveyed and assessed. A ‘Parish Biodiversity Grade’ was given to each habitat to indicate those that have the most relative biodiversity value within the Parish. A grade of 1-5 has been used with 5 representing the highest rating and indicating that these are considered to be amongst the best wildlife sites in the Parish. A grade of 1 indicates low wildlife interest as currently managed, but as with all sites a change in land use and/or management could significantly change its ecological value. 14 sites amongst those surveyed have been given the highest rating (5).
Parish Biodiversity Grade Rating 1 9 2/3 3 3 21 3 / 4 14 4 17 4/5 4 5 14 Grand Total 82
Each site/habitat was assessed as to whether it might meet the standard for designation as a Local Wildlife Site (LWS). Only one site in the Parish is currently designated as a LWS: field 217. This field was one of the sites surveyed and the species diversity found indicates that this site deserves to continue as a LWS. Part of the River Sence in Ratcliffe Culey is also currently designated as a candidate LWS and three of the surveyed sites that border this stretch.
Full LWS assessments were carried out on 11 hedges and seven of these do meet the criteria. A further 14 sites (of varying habitats) are considered to have potential to be designated as LWS but further data would be needed.
LWS Standard Number
Yes 7 No 60 Potential 14 Existing 1 Grand Total 82
Whilst the survey work was largely focussed on the selected list of sites, occasional other records were made around the Parish. Of particular note was the find of the Moss Bladder Snail Aplexa hypnorum in a roadside ditch along Sibson Road, east of Ratcliffe Culey. This is the first confirmed record for Leicestershire. It is likely that this species is more widely distributed within the Parish given its habitat preference of ditches and temporary water bodies.
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The Moss Bladder Snail Aplexa hypnorum – the first confirmed record for Leicestershire
It was apparent during the survey that a key feature in the landscape is the widespread network of mature hedges, many of which are associated with a wet ditch. Typically these hedges are large and dense and with a good diversity of species and collectively represent a very important biodiversity asset. Seven of the 11 hedges surveyed in detail met the LWS criteria and it is very likely that further assessment would reveal significantly more of a similar standard. In general this hedge network appears to be amongst the best in Leicestershire and should be a priority for conservation. Such high quality hedges are lacking in much of the county so they provide not only a strong visual landscape feature (in a relatively flat area) but are also of crucial importance as habitats in their own right and also in providing connectivity for wildlife to move around the landscape.
Hedges are much more than barriers for retaining livestock. As wildlife habitats they represent strips of woodland ‘edge’ – the most biodiverse feature of nearly all woodlands. Over 1500 invertebrates have been found to rely on hedges as habitat and in addition hedges are important for 80% of all UK birds and 50% of all our mammals. The way that a hedge is managed is of crucial importance.
From a wildlife perspective, the best hedges are tapered in shape (to maximise sunlight reaching all external surfaces) and are tall, wide and dense (to provide good cover for nesting birds and plenty of feeding opportunities). The best hedges have numerous mature trees growing out of the hedge and have additional habitat features such as a wet ditch, a bank and deadwood within. Species diversity amongst the shrubs is another important factor, supporting a wider range of invertebrates and fungi which often have specialist feeding requirements. All of these key wildlife features are typical of hedges in the Parish.
In addition, many of roadside hedges are accompanied by wide grassland verges. Some of these are sufficiently important in their own right to be considered for LWS status (a number are currently listed as potential LWS by the Leicestershire and Rutland Environmental Records Centre). Such verges enhance the biodiversity value of the hedge by providing an additional habitat and thus diversifying the opportunities for wildlife. Road verges contain some of the best remaining grassland habitat and it has been calculated that
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50% of Britain’s flower-rich grassland is on verges. 97% of the UK’s wildflower meadow grassland has been lost since WW2.
Another feature of the Parish is the abundance of ditches, many of which are either within or alongside hedges. As with the grassland verges, these further diversify the habitat and enhance the biodiversity value of the hedge.
Recommendations
1. Hedges Encourage the continuation of the current widespread practice, across the Parish, of hedge maintenance that creates a tall, broad and dense structure, in recognition that the hedge network represents one of the best examples in the county. Where possible add to this major biodiversity asset by encouraging landowners with hedges to adopt the management guidelines shown in the Habitat Management Guidance section and also through the planting of new native and species-diverse hedges where appropriate.
2. Local Wildlife Site designation Pursue the designation of Local Wildlife Site status of those hedges which have been shown to meet the required standard (as listed in the Site Summary). Where possible organise further hedge surveys by local volunteers, using the LWS hedge template, to identify additional sites that may merit designation. Seek opportunities to gather more biodiversity data on those sites identified (in the Site Summary) as having potential to be Local Wildlife Sites. One way to help achieve this is to set up these sites as Wild Places on NatureSpot to encourage further wildlife recording.
3. Gravel Pits This site is of significant biodiversity value and this should be recognised in the way it is managed. As it is owned by the Parish Council it could be designated as a Nature Area and promoted as such. It may be possible to seek grant aid to develop access (eg. by installing a board-walk) in order to facilitate the use of the site for awareness-raising and education.
4. Public awareness Seek to raise awareness of biodiversity across the Parish and to engage the community in its care. Events such as surveys, talks and practical work sessions offer opportunities for local people to further connect with their local environment. Setting up a Parish section on NatureSpot and specific sites as Wild Places would provide a focus for promoting local wildlife and encouraging community contributions to monitoring the species found in the Parish.
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Habitat Management Guidance
The following notes offer generic guidance on managing habitats to maintain and/or improve biodiversity interest.
Hedges Allow hedges to grow tall with frequent mature trees allowed to grow along their length Allow a thick and dense base to develop with tapered sides to the hedge Trim in January or February (to avoid disturbance of nesting birds and to leave berries to be eaten by wildlife) Trim on a two or three year cycle (not annually) as most berries develop on two year growth Longer term maintenance, such as coppicing and laying, should be staggered across the hedge network over several years to ensure other undisturbed hedge habitat is available A minimum 1m strip should be left adjacent to hedges on arable land, ideally wider Wider (up to 20m) uncultivated areas should be left unploughed around mature trees in the hedge to avoid root damage New planting to fill gaps in an existing hedge or to plant a new hedge should only use native species (such as listed below) and have 5 or more species in the mix o Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna o Blackthorn Prunus spinosa o Field Maple Acer campestre o Hazel Corylus avellana o English Oak Quercus robur o Ash Fraxinus excelsior o Holly Ilex aquifolium o Buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica o Dogwood Cornus sanguinea o Wild Privet Ligustrum vulgare
An excellent guide to managing hedges is provided by the RSPB and can be viewed at http://ww2.rspb.org.uk/images/englishhedgerows1_tcm9-133255.pdf
Road verges Cut a 0.5-1m visibility strip alongside the carriageway where deemed necessary (wider at junctions) Cut the full width in April but on a high setting (to cut vigorous grasses but leave early flowering plants such as Primrose and Cowslip) Cut again in August or September (DO NOT cut in May, June and early July otherwise many species cannot flower and set seed) If possible remove the cuttings (important to prevent nutrient build-up which encourages vigorous vegetation, such as Stinging Nettle and False Oat-grass, that outcompetes the smaller flowers) Remove scrub if this is shading out the grassland plants Avoid the temptation to sow a ‘wildflower’ mix as many contain non-native species, are often mainly annuals and require destruction of the existing grassland to sow
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Grassland (eg Churchyards) Use the same cutting mowing timetable as for road verges Removal of the cut vegetation is important to maintain or improve floral diversity (note that if the soil is already enriched it can take several years of cutting removal to reduce fertility)
Skylarks RSPB guidance on creating Skylark nesting patches with arable fields: https://www.rspb.org.uk/our-work/conservation/conservation-and-sustainability/farming/advice/helping- species/skylark/
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Introduction This survey was commissioned by Witherley Parish Council to support the production of their Neighbourhood Development Plan. The survey has not attempted to cover all parts of the Parish but instead to look in more detail at selected sites. The main focus has been on areas around the four main settlements of Witherley, Ratcliffe Culey, Fenny Drayton and Atterton.
A previous ecological survey of the Parish was carried out in 2011 by Leicestershire County Council to collect Phase 1 Habitat data. References to the findings of this survey have been included in this report.
The main focus of the survey was botanical in order to assess the vegetative composition and habitat quality. Fauna and fungi species were also recorded when encountered but these represent occasional records and not a comprehensive list.
This report presents a summary of the main findings for each site surveyed during the survey. Each section includes:
A description summarising the habitat type, the main plant species encountered and any ecological features of note. A map to identify the location and site boundaries, plus occasional images to illustrate the site. Reference to the full list of the species recorded in Appendix 37. A Biodiversity Assessment Management suggestions
A summary table has been provided that lists all the sites visited with separate entries for hedges and other specific habitats found there.
Ecological surveys and designations
Survey in 1985/6 A field by field ecological survey carried out in 1985/86 which aimed to classify sites as being of National, County or Parish-level significance. This survey identified two hedges as being of ‘District-level’ significance and a further 15 sites of ‘Parish-level’ significance. This three tier classification system is no longer used and has been replaced by the ‘Local Wildlife Site (LWS)’ designation for the most important sites for wildlife in Leicestershire and Rutland (see section on Local Wildlife Sites below).
Survey in 2011 A further ‘Phase 1’ Habitat survey was carried out in 2011 with the aim of assessing the land use and ecological type and quality for all non-built areas of the Parish. Resource constraints meant that this survey was only able to view sites briefly and only from public roads and footpaths. Part of the objective was to identify sites that may meet the LWS criteria. Few of the Parish-level sites were viewed as they are on private land.
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Designations
Local Wildlife Sites Local Wildlife Sites (LWS) are the most important places for wildlife in Leicester, Leicestershire and Rutland, together with Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs).
Local Wildlife Sites are important reservoirs of rare, local and declining native species and are the best examples of typical Leicester, Leicestershire and Rutland habitats. LWS may also be areas of ecological interest that provide people with the opportunity to learn about, appreciate and experience habitats and species of the natural world.
LWS designation does not provide any statutory legal protection but does flag up sites that are of particular ecological value. Designated sites can also be priority areas for conservation action.
Designation of LWS is made by a panel of professionals from the both Leicestershire and Rutland County Councils, Leicester City Council, some of the district councils, Leicestershire and Rutland Wildlife Trust and Natural England. It is a requirement of designation to have the land owner’s permission but where this isn’t possible ‘candidate’ LWS designation can be made by one or more members of the panel. Candidate LWS designation can also be assigned as an interim status pending confirmation by the panel. A ‘potential LWS’ means it may meet the criteria but more data is needed before it can be formally assessed.
The criteria for designation are very specific and are laid out in the document ‘Guidelines for the selection of Local Wildlife Sites’ which is available on the County Council website.
Subsequent to this Phase 1 Habitat survey a number of sites in the Parish have been accepted as candidate LWS or potential LWS. Ten candidates LWS (mainly hedges and veteran trees) plus 40 potential LWS have been listed. Where any of these designations overlap with the sites included in this survey then this is noted in both the summary and in the relevant site detail section. A list of these current LWS designations is available from the Leicestershire and Rutland Environmental Record Centre (LRERC) at Leicestershire County Council.
One objective of the current survey was to consider whether the sites visited might meet the criteria for Local Wildlife Site designation. A judgement as to whether a site does, or could, meet the criteria is given in the Site Summary. Eleven of the hedges visited have been formally assessed using a template form which records species diversity every 30 meters. This has demonstrated that seven of these hedges do meet the LWS criteria and can be submitted for designation. Not all sites have been formally assessed so where there appears to be potential for a site to meet the criteria this has been noted in the Site Summary.
Sites of Special Scientific Interest Sites of national biodiversity importance may be designated as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) by Natural England. However there are no SSSIs in the Parish.
Local Nature Reserves Local authories may choose to designate sites which have wildlife value and are of local interest. Such sites are also designed to be places where local people can enjoy the environment. There are no such designations in the Parish.
Biodiversity Improvement Areas Some areas of the Parish, principally the river corridors, have been proposed as ‘Biodiversity Improvement Areas’ (BIA) by Hinckley and Bosworth Borough Council. This follows a biodiversity assessment exercise carried out by the Council in 2009. This appears to be an aspirational review and proposal but may still be a useful additional recognition of key areas for biodiversity within the Parish.
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https://www.hinckley-bosworth.gov.uk/downloads/file/983/biodiversity_assessment_-_march_2009
JNCC Priority Habitats The UK’s Joint Nature Conservation Committee has published a list of UK BAP Priority Habitats together with descriptions of the qualifying features. These habitats have been identified as the most threatened and requiring conservation action under the UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP). Some of these listed habitats are relevant to the Parish and include:- streams and rivers, arable field margins, hedgerows, lowland mixed deciduous woodland and neutral grassland in lowland meadows. Where a surveyed site includes any of these priority habitats this has been noted in the biodiversity assessment section.
Parish Biodiversity Grade It is important to note that LWS designation is largely opportunistic and is not based on a comprehensive survey of all areas. As a result there are likely to be many other sites of wildlife importance across the Parish that would meet the criteria but which haven’t yet been surveyed or there is insufficient data to make an assessment. In addition, the criteria for LWS designation are very specific and heavily based on floral composition and rarity due to the limited data available for most invertebrates. The LWS process does not therefore recognise all sites of biodiversity importance. A further consideration is that nearly all the designations described above are based on county-wide comparative assesments and fail to recognise many sites that are of biodiversity importance at a Parish scale. To help overcome all of these limitations, and to highlight those sites which represent the best for biodiversity within the Parish, a ‘Parish Biodiversity Grade’ has been applied to each site visited. These grades are listed in each of the site details sections and also in the Site Summary table.
The grade is based on a 1-5 scale defined as follows:
5 = a site of significant value to biodiversity and one of the best within the Parish 4 = a site of relatively high value to biodiversity 3 = a site of relative value to biodiversity 2 = a site of relatively limited, though some, value to biodiversity 1 = a site of relatively low value to biodiversity
It should be noted that every site has some biodiversity value and that this value is in constant flux. Most sites left unmanaged will generally increase in biodiversity value through colonisation and succession. In addition, careful intervention with the appropriate management can also add biodiversity value, or maintain or enhance that already present.
Record data All the species identified during the survey have been entered as records on NatureSpot - a registered charity that promotes the wildlife of Leicestershire and Rutland and encourages the public to submit wildlife sightings as a citizen science initiative in order to map local biodiversity. All record data is shared with the Leicestershire and Rutland Environmental Record Centre, both local and national recording schemes and is also published on the National Biodiversity Network Atlas (the UK repository for biodiversity record data). www.naturespot.org.uk
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Site Overview Maps
Ratcliffe Culey – village
203
202 205
301 201
308 302 Gravel Pits Church
305
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Ratcliffe Culey - east
217
213 215 212
209
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Atterton
437 435 Upton Lane hedges
434 446
Atterton Lane hedges
401
402
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Fenny Drayton
501
Fenn Lanes hedges
505a Churchyard Drayton Ln hedges
507
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Witherley
602 730 636
Atterton Lane hedges
603
608/609
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Site Summary Key Site - numbers refer to field references Habitat / land use – as observed on survey date Parish Biodiversity Grade – Parish level assessment (5 = high, 1 = low) Biodiversity status – any existing or proposed biodiversity designations BIA = Biodiversity Improvement Area as proposed by Hinckley & Bosworth Borough Council LWS = Local Wildlife Site designation pLWS = potential LWS designation cLWS = candidate LWS designation AM = scheduled ancient monument LWS? – could the site be considered for Local Wildlife Site designation (E = existing, Y = Yes, N = No, P = Potential)
Site Habitat / Land use Parish Biodiversity Biodiversity LWS? Grade Status Ratcliffe Culey 201 – field Semi-improved ungrazed/ occasionally mown grassland adjacent 4 BIA P to the River Sence with some flood plain areas. (cLWS river) (pLWS Willow) 202 – field Semi-improved ungrazed/ occasionally mown grassland adjacent 3 / 4 BIA P to River Sence. A tall hedge with mature trees borders the river. (cLWS river) 203 – field Semi-improved ungrazed/ occasionally mown grassland adjacent 4 BIA P to the River Sence and River Tweed. A tall hedge with mature (cLWS river) trees borders the river. 205 – field Small paddock of semi-improved ungrazed/ occasionally mown 3 / 4 BIA N grassland with a small length of hedge. 209 – field Semi-improved ungrazed/ occasionally mown grassland. 3 - N 209 – hedge (west) Managed hedge, approx. 2m x2m 3 - N
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212 – field Arable 1 - N 212 – hedges Managed hedges approx. 2.5m x 2.5m with wet ditches. 4 - P 213 – field Semi-improved ungrazed/occasionally mown grassland. 3 - N 215 – field Arable 1 - N 215 – hedge (west) Managed hedge, approx. 2m x2m with wet ditch. 4 - N 217 – field Species-rich grassland pasture with mature, dense hedges and 5 LWS E wet ditches. 301 – field Arable 1 - N 301 – hedge (north left) Tall and broad hedge with wet ditch (4m x 3m). 5 - P 301 – hedge (north right) Managed hedge (2m x 2m) 2/3 N 302 – field Arable 1 - N 302 – hedges Managed hedge (2m x 2m) 2/3 - N 305 – main field Semi-improved grassland grazed by cattle 3 - N 305 – earthworks Semi-improved grassland grazed by cattle but with more diverse 4 AM N flora. 305 – hedges Managed hedges (3m x 2m) 3 - N 305 – pond Permanent pond surrounded by mature Crack Willow. 4 - P 308 – field Semi-improved grassland 3 - N 308 – hedge (east) Managed hedge (3m x 2m) 4 / 5 - P 308 – hedges (north/south) Managed hedge (3m x 2m) 3 - N Gravel Pits Former worked site with shallow temporary pools and an open 5 - P pond. Wet ground with good stands of marsh vegetation. Main road – hedge (north A) Unmanaged hedge with mature trees 4 - N Main road – hedge (north B) Managed hedge (2m x 2m) 3 / 4 - N Main road – hedge (south) Managed hedge (1.5m x 1.5m) 3 / 4 - N Ratcliffe Culey All Saints Mainly mown grassland with reasonable species diversity. 3 / 4 - N Churchyard Unmown grassland edges with hedges with good structure & species diversity.
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Atterton 435 – field Arable 1 - N 435 – hedges Managed hedge (2m x 2m) 3 - N 435 – margins Bare soil colonised with arable ‘weeds’ 3 - N 402 – field Semi-improved grassland 3 - N 402 – hedge (south) Large hedge with mature trees. Stream in deep ditch within. 4/5 - P 402 – hedge (west) Managed hedge (2m x 2m) + large section with some mature 3 - N trees 437 – field Semi-improved grassland with ridge and furrow 3 - N 437 – hedges Managed hedges (2m x 2m) 3 - N 446 – field Semi-improved pasture grassland with ridge and furrow 3 - N 446 – pond (north) Fenced pond, partly shaded 3 - N 446 – pond (south) Fenced pond, unshaded, with marshy edges 4 - N 446 – hedge (south) Managed hedge (2m x 2m) 4 pLWS N 401 – field Semi-improved grassland (horse pasture) 3 - N 401 – hedge (north) Managed hedge (2m x 2m) with mature trees 3 / 4 - N 401 – hedge (west) Large (unmanaged) hedge with mature trees 4 - N 434 – field Semi-improved grassland 3 - N 434 – dry pond Totally shaded, dry pond 3 / 4 - N 434 – hedge (north) Managed hedge (2m x 2m) 3 / 4 - N Upton Lane – hedge (north) Managed hedge (2m x 2m) 3 / 4 pLWS N Upton Lane – hedge (south) Managed hedge (3m x 3m) 4/5 - P Upton Lane/A444 junction Species-rich road verge 5 - P (south) Atterton Lane – hedge south Managed hedge with mature trees and stream. 5 (pLWS Ash) Y Atterton Lane – hedge north Managed hedge (3m x 2m) with mature trees 5 - Y Fenny Drayton Churchyard Mown grassland + trees 3 / 4 pLWS N
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501 – field Large arable field 1 - N 501 – field margin (south) 1-2m wide uncultivated strip 3 - N 505a – footpath Public Right of Way & hedge 5 - P 505a – field Grassland – paddock? 2/3 - N 507 – field Arable 1 - N 507 – margins 3m grassy margins with public footpaths 3 / 4 - N 507 – scrub/woodland Possibly former orchard. 4 - N 507 – uncultivated Unmanaged grassland 3 / 4 - N Fenn Lane hedge (north) Road verge hedge (2m x 2m) with wet ditch 4 - N Fenn Lane verge (north) 2+m flower-rich verge 4 - N Fenn Lane hedge (south) Road verge hedge (3m x 3m) with wet ditch 5 pLWS Y Fenn Lane verge (south) 2+m flower-rich verge 5 cLWS (part) P Drayton Lane hedge (north) Roadside hedge + verge 3 pLWS N Drayton Lane hedge (south) Roadside hedge + verge 4/5 pLWS (cLWS Oak) N Witherley 602 – field Arable field 1 - N 602 – margins Rough grassland and ruderal 3 - N 603 Cottagers Piece Semi-improved pasture with wetland (mill race), pond and river. 5 - P 608/609 – fields Improved grassland pasture 3 - N 608 hedge (north) Managed hedge 2m x 2m 4 - N 608 hedge (south) Managed hedge 2m x 2m + wet ditch 5 - Y 609 hedge (north) Managed hedge 2m x 2m 4 - N 609 hedge (south) Managed hedge 2m x 2m + wet ditch 5 - Y 636 – field Grass pasture 4 - N 636 – hedge (west) Managed hedge, mature trees, ditch with stream 4 - N 730 – field Arable 1 - N 730 – hedge (west) Mature hedge with mature trees 3 / 4 - N 730 – stream (south) Field slopes down to stream with marginal vegetation 3 / 4 N
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Atterton Lane – hedge (north) Managed hedge with wet ditch and 5m wide flower-rich verge 5 pLWS Y Atterton Lane – hedge (south) Managed hedge (2m x 2m) with wet ditch and 5m flower-rich 5 pLWS Y verge
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Site Details
1. Ratcliffe Culey field 201 18th June (site-centred SP32269956)
Description This large field is located to the north west of Ratcliffe Culey, bordering the village and sandwiched between Main Road and the River Sence.
Figure 1a: Ratcliffe Culey field 201 – from the SW corner looking NE
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Figure 1b: Ratcliffe Culey field 201 aerial view The field is improved grassland with the dominant plants being Cocksfoot Grass Dactylis glomerata, False Oat-grass Arrhenatherum elatius and Hogweed Heraclium sphondylium. The north-west section is lower than the remainder and is clearly part of the flood plain of the River Sense. Elsewhere the river is significantly lower than the field and doesn’t appear to reach field level when flooding, except for a 10 meter wide grassland strip alongside the river at a lower level which included several marsh species such as Reed Sweet-grass Glyceria maxima and Amphibious Bistort Persicaria amphibia. The aquatic plants of Branched Bur-reed Sparganium erectum, Great Yellow-cress Rorippa amphibia and Yellow Water-lily Nuphar lutea were growing in the river at the field edge. The steep banking leading from the field down to the river contained the most notable plants: Common Knapweed Centaurea nigra, Bird’s-foot-trefoil Lotus corniculatus and Meadow Vetchling Lathyrus pratensis. These are typical plants of unimproved grassland and may indicate what would have been found in the field before fertiliser was added. Banks often have higher biodiversity interest due to nutrients washing out during rainfall. A few mature trees are growing at the site boundaries, mainly Crack Willow Salix fragilis by the river, and there are a few scrubby areas mainly comprising Blackthorn Prunus spinosa. In some areas the Blackthorn scrub is colonising the field edges.
One plant of interest is the single Giant Hogweed Heracleum mantegazzianum growing near to the river in the north-east corner. This species is uncommon in the county. It can evoke concern and sometimes attracts negative press interest due to the fact that it contains sap that can elicit skin burns: www.nonnativespecies.org/?pageid=152 . However it is an excellent nectar source and at the time of the survey visit the huge flower umbel was being visiting by large numbers of bees. Ideally the plant should be left in-situ. It is not adjacent to the public footpath and would only pose a potential risk if damaged and the sap allowed to contact skin.
Appendix 1 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Biodiversity assessment The field has a limited floral diversity and would not qualify for Local Wildlife Site designation on this basis. However its proximity to the river means it is an important part of the wider riverine habitat. In addition, tall, unmanaged grassland such as this site is very important habitat for invertebrates and other fauna and in both these regards the field is of significant biodiversity value.
The 2011 Phase 1 Habitat survey recorded this site as ‘species-poor semi-improved grassland’.
This site is within the proposed Biodiversity Improvement Area put forward by Hinckley and Bosworth Borough Council. The River Sense bordering this site is designated as a candidate Local Wildlife Site and a large Willow near to the bridge is listed as a potential LWS.
Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4
The adjacent River Sense is a UK BAP Priority Habitat as are the hedges along the site borders.
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Management The tall vegetation and colonising scrub indicates that the field has not been cut or grazed for a year or two at least. If left unmanaged it will gradually see further scrub growth, though this is not necessarily a bad thing as scrubby grassland is not a common habitat and is very attractive to a wide range of invertebrates and birds. Ideally the site would be largely left to nature though with some cyclical cutting/grazing every few years.
2. Ratcliffe Culey field 202 18th June (site-centred SP32549968)
Description This is a smaller field than 201 but otherwise quite similar, being improved grassland dominated by Cocksfoot Grass Dactylis glomerata, False Oat-grass Arrhenatherum elatius and Hogweed Heraclium sphondylium. It also borders the River Sence but is at a higher elevation and not affected by high water levels. The hedge above the river is mainly Blackthorn Prunus spinosa and Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, and also includes several large Ash trees Fraxinus excelsior.
Figure 2: Ratcliffe Culey field 202 aerial view
Nearer to the houses, Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. predominates which provides a variation of habitat and several hoverflies and bee species were observed in this area, including the large bumble bee mimic, Volucella bombylans.
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Appendix 2 lists all the species recorded at this site. Biodiversity assessment This field lies to the north of the village and is bisected by a public footpath. As with 201 the tall grassland mix provides excellent habitat for invertebrates and other fauna, despite the limited floral diversity. Being adjacent to the river means it is particularly important for aquatic species such as the Banded Demoiselle Calopteryx splendens and other damselflies which require areas near to the water for hunting their prey. The bramble area adds further biodiversity value to the site by providing more varied habitat.
The 2011 Phase 1 Habitat survey recorded this site as ‘species-poor semi-improved grassland’.
This site is within the proposed Biodiversity Improvement Area put forward by Hinckley and Bosworth Borough Council. The River bordering this site is designated as a candidate Local Wildlife Site.
Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3-4
The adjacent River Sense is a UK BAP Priority Habitat as are the hedges along the site borders.
Management As described for field 201.
3. Ratcliffe Culey field 203 18th June (site-centred SP32589978)
Description This field is divided by a post & wire fence so the eastern half of the field has no access and therefore this description relates only to the area between this fence and the River Sense on the western border. The field is of similar semi-improved grassland to that found on the adjacent fields of 201 and 202. It is dominated by Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus, Perrenial Rye-grass Lolium perenne and False-oat Grass Arrhenatherum elatius together with tall herbs typical of nutrient-rich soils, such as Stinging Nettle, Cow Parsley and Hogweed. Patches of finer grasses are present, including Meadow Barley Hordeum secalinum, Rough Meadow-grass Poa trivialis and Creeping Bent Agrostis stolonifera.
The River Sence borders the west where a number of aquatic/marsh plants grow on the banks, including Water Forget-me-not Myosotes scorpioides, Water Plantain Alisma plantago-aquatica and Great Yellow-cress Rorippa amphibia. The River Tweed borders the north and the two rivers meet in the north-west corner.
The hedge alongside the river is tall and uncut with a number of mature trees including a large Ash Fraxinus excelsior (1m diam) and Crack Willow Salix fragilis. Blackthorn Prunus spinosa scrub is extending from the hedge into the grassland in some areas.
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The site was rich in invertebrates reflecting both the value of tall grassland and also the proximity of the rivers.
Appendix 3 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 3: Ratcliffe Culey field 203 aerial view
Biodiversity assessment As described for field 201.
The 2011 Phase 1 Habitat survey recorded this site as ‘grassland’.
This site is within the proposed Biodiversity Improvement Area put forward by Hinckley and Bosworth Borough Council. The River Sense bordering this site is designated as a candidate Local Wildlife Site.
Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4
The adjacent River Sense & River Tweed are a UK BAP Priority Habitat as are the hedges along the site borders.
Management As described for field 201.
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4. Ratcliffe Culey field 205 18th June (site-centred SP32619963)
Description
Figure 4: Ratcliffe Culey field 205 aerial view
This small paddock is almost surrounded by the settlement buildings. It is semi-improved grassland which appears to have been unmanaged/uncut for several years as there are a number of structures embedded within the tall vegetation. The grassland is dominated by False Oat-grass Arrhenatherum elatius and Couch Elytrigia repens but with small patches of other grasses including Red Fescue Festuca rubra and Creeping Bent Agrostis stolonifera. Herbaceous plants were typical of nutrient rich soils, such as Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium, with a few ruderal species found along the path and field edges where there has been disturbance.
A hedge runs along the north-west boundary which is mainly Blackthorn Prunus spinosa with scrub encroachment into the field. A Walnut tree has been planted in the far west corner.
The field contained numerous ant colonies of both the Yellow Meadow Ant Lasius flavus and Black Ant Lasius niger and was generally rich in invertebrates.
Appendix 4 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Biodiversity assessment
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Similarly to the previous described fields, the site is generally botanically poor but nevertheless provides excellent habitat for invertebrates due to the tall and unmanaged grassland.
The 2011 Phase 1 Habitat survey does not include this site.
Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3/4
Management As described for field 201.
5. Ratcliffe Culey field 209 22nd June (site-centred SP345999)
Description This field lies around 1km to the east of Ratcliffe Culey and immediately north of Sibson Road. It is semi-improved grassland dominated by Meadow Foxtail Alopecurus pratensis, Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus and Perrenial Rye-grass Lolium perenne. It was uncut/ungrazed at the time of the visit. Access was limited to the public footpath running through the west of the site.
A managed hedge runs along each boundary (approx. 2m x 2m). That on the western boundary was predominantly Blackthorn Prunus spinosa with Field Maple Acer campestris, Elder Sambucus nigra and Ash Fraxinus excelsior. The hedge on the northern boundary is shared with field 212 and is described in the next section.
Figure 5: Ratcliffe Culey field 209 aerial view
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Appendix 5 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Biodiversity assessment There were no plant species of conservation significance in this field but nevertheless there was a reasonable diversity of species and the uncut sward provided plenty of shelter and feeding opportunities for fauna. Similarly the hedge was dense and contained several species so again provided reasonable good habitat.
The 2011 Phase 1 Habitat survey recorded this site as ‘improved grassland’.
Grassland - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Hedge - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management Current management is likely to be a combination of grazing and hay/sileage cutting which will largely maintain the grassland in its current form. The addition of artificial fertiliser would lead to a reduction in plant diversity and conversely, over time, the diversity and conservation value would be expected to increase in the absence of additional fertiliser.
The hedges are well managed. General guidance on managing hedges for wildlife is included in the Habitat Management Guidance section.
6. Ratcliffe Culey field 212 22nd June (site-centred SK34770021)
Description This is an arable field which is bisected by a public right of way. It is bordered by hedges of good size and structure, though only the hedges on the southern and eastern boundaries were viewable in detail.
The southern boundary hedge mainly comprised Field Maple Acer campestre, Dogwood Cornus sanguinea and Blackthorn Prunus spinosa. A grassland verge of 1-2m width bordered the hedge and this included a good variety of grasses and forbs.
The eastern boundary hedge had a similar species mix but was wider and more dense with a wet ditch within.
Appendix 6 lists all the species recorded at this site.
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Figure 6: Ratcliffe Culey field 212 aerial view
Biodiversity assessment The arable field itself is of minimal biodiversity value but the hedges offer excellent habitat, being of good size and density and with the additional benefit of a 1-2m grassland and the wet ditch. Where the ditch crossed the footpath the exposed water was observed providing drinking water for birds and also supported Water Crickets Velia sp. A Yellowhammer was heard singing in the hedge.
Arable - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 1 Southern hedge - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Eastern hedge – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The hedges are well managed and the current management should continue.
7. Ratcliffe Culey field 213 22nd June (site-centred SK34790022)
Description This narrow grassland field is traversed by a public footpath at the southern end. The field and hedges were only accessible from this path. The northern boundary borders the River Tweed but this was not visible.
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Figure 7: Ratcliffe Culey field 213 aerial view
The field is semi-improved grassland with the dominant plants being Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus and False-oat Grass Arrhenatherum elatius. Occasional other grass species in the sward include Meadow Barley Hordeum secalinum, Perennial Rye-grass Lolium perenne and Timothy Phleum pratense. The west boundary hedge, shared with field 212, also includes a ditch with some standing water which is exposed at the footpath crossing. This hedge is described in the previous section.
Appendix 7 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Biodiversity assessment The boundary hedges are wide and thick providing good bird nesting sites and include a reasonable range of native species (see field 212 which shares a boundary). In addition the 1-2m wide strip alongside the cultivated area and bordering the hedge is also proving good quality habitat.
The 2011 Phase 1 Habitat survey recorded this site as ‘species poor semi-improved grassland’.
Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat as is the River Tweed.
Management As described for field 209.
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8. Ratcliffe Culey field 215 22nd June (site-centred SK34820023)
Description Arable field, growing a mixture of wheat and barley. The boundary comprises a good quality mixed species hedge with a 1-2 metre grassland border. The western hedge also contained a wet ditch.
Access to this field was limited to the public footpath.
Appendix 8 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 8: Ratcliffe Culey field 215 aerial view
Biodiversity assessment The arable field is of minimal biodiversity value but the western hedge was of good structure with a wet ditch and grassland verge so provided good quality habitat.
Arable - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 1 Hedge (west) - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management General guidance on hedge management is provided in the the Habitat Management Guidance section.
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9. Ratcliffe Culey field 217 26th June (site-centred SK34990033)
Description This field lies at the northern boundary of the Parish, accessed from a public footpath from Sibson Road. It is permanent pasture and appears to be grazed by sheep. At the time of the visit, the southern half of the field had been recently grazed but the northern half was ungrazed.
The grassland is botanically rich with roughly equal coverage of grasses and forbs. The main grasses are Crested Dog’s-tail Cynosurus cristatus, Common Bent Agrostis capillaris, Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus, Meadow Foxtail Alopecurus pratensis, Timothy Phleum pratense and Rough Meadow-grass Poa trivialis. The forbs include Meadow Buttercup, Lesser Stitchwort, Red Clover, Common Sorrel and Great Burnet.
The field is bordered by mixed species hedges with the eastern hedge being of particular note due to its height and width and also because it covers a ditch with standing water that adds a further habitat feature. This hedge includes Ash Fraxinus excelsior, Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Wild Privet Ligustrum vulgare and Crab Apple Malus sylvestris. Most of the other hedges are predominantly Hawthorn and Blackthorn and these are cut to around 2m but still dense and providing good habitat. The hedge on the western border appeared to have been recently cleared with the debris spread onto the field margin where vigorous new growth of Meadowsweet and Great Hairy Willowherb was in evidence.
A good variety of invertebrates were also present, including the sawflies Calameuta filiformis and Cephus pymaeus which are uncommon in Leicestershire.
Appendix 9 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 9: Ratcliffe Culey field 217 aerial view
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Biodiversity assessment The grassland is species rich and the site, including the hedges, is of significant conservation value.
The grassland is designated as a Local Wildlife Site and this could be extended to include the eastern hedge.
Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat and the grassland is likely to be of sufficient quality to also qualify as a Lowland Meadow UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The present species mix in the grassland suggests that limited fertiliser has been added and a continuation of the current management should maintain the quality of the habitat.
The hedges are of good biodiversity quality and the current maintenance should continue. Ideally the eastern hedge should remain relatively uncut.
10. Ratcliffe Culey field 301 26th June (site-centred SP32829958)
Description This is an arable wheat field on the east side of Ratcliffe Culey and crossed by a public footpath. The hedges bordering the site are of good size and structure. That shared with field 304 (north/west) is particularly good being tall (4m), broad (3m) and containing a wet ditch. This hedge was rich in invertebrates, including the rare cranefly Dictenidia bimaculata, hoverflies including Chrysotoxum verralli plus numerous Hemipteran bugs, moths and breeding Speckled Bush-crickets Leptophyes punctatissima. The hedge which continues on the northern boundary from the half-way point is smaller (2m x 2m) and not of the same quality.
Appendix 10 lists all the species recorded at this site.
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Figure 10a: Ratcliffe Culey field 301 aerial view
Figure 10b: Ratcliffe Culey field 301, Dictenidia bimaculata (left), Chrysotoxum verralli (right)
Biodiversity assessment
Arable - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 1 Hedge (north - left) - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5 Hedge (north - right) - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 2/3
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management See the Habitat Management Guidance section. Ideally the tall hedge should not be cut.
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11. Ratcliffe Culey field 302 26th June (site-centred SP32979952)
Description An arable field to the east of Ratcliffe Culey crossed by a public footpath. The western boundary is shared with boundaries of three gardens and includes numerous mature trees. The hedge on the northern boundary is managed but of reasonable good size and structure (2m x 2m) and contains Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Field Maple Acer campestre and Hazel Corylus avellana.
Appendix 11 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 11: Ratcliffe Culey field 302 aerial view
Biodiversity assessment
Arable – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 1 Hedges – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 2/3
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management General guidance on hedge management is provided in the Habitat Management Guidance section.
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12. Ratcliffe Culey field 305 1st August (site-centred SP327993)
Description This field envelopes All Saints Church on the southern edge of the village. It contains a scheduled ancient monument in the form of earthworks of which the main site is the circular structure shown in figure 12 but with additional earthworks in the far west of the site. The field is semi-improved grassland used for grazing cattle and is surrounded by managed hedges (2m x 2m). There is a fenced off pond in the western corner next to the farmyard and a fenced of Red-horse Chestnut Aesculus carnea.
The grassland is mostly dominated by Perrenial Rye-grass Lolium perenne, Cocksfoot Grass Dactylis glomerata, Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens with Creeping Thistle Cirsium arvense and other opportunist species growing in the bare soil areas poached by the cattle. The grassland on the earthwork banks is of higher quality and contains a number of species typical of meadow habitat, such as Meadow Buttercup Ranunculus acris, Common Mouse-ear Cerastium fontanum, Bird’s Foot- trefoil Lotus corniculatus, Red Clover Trifolium pratense and Common Sorrel Rumex acetosa. Of particular note is the frequent presence of Burnet Saxifrage Pimpinella saxifraga on the main earthworks – this is an uncommon plant in Leicestershire.
The pond also contains a number of interesting wetland plants, with Pink Water-speedwell Veronica catenata of particular note.
Appendix 12 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 12: Ratcliffe Culey field 305 aerial view
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Biodiversity assessment The main grassland is species poor but that on the earthwork banks is much richer, though stunted by grazing. The hedges are generally well managed with a good range of species though not sufficiently diverse to qualify for Local Wildlife Site designation.
The pond appears to be an excellent habitat but is at risk from cattle access and from the overhanging Willow. A more detailed pond survey is recommended, particularly to search for breeding amphibians in the Spring. With more data and particularly if evidence of Great Crested Newts was found then the pond could be designated a Local Wildlife Site.
Field – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Earthworks - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4 Hedges - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Pond - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management Ideally the earthwork grassland would be managed separately from the rest of the field, with less intensive grazing during April to August. The pond is fenced off from the cattle with a wire barrier but there is evidence that the cattle have reached the water’s edge recently. Cattle access will lead to trampling of marginal vegetation, reduced clarity of the water (which is detrimental to aquatic plants and invertebrates) and pollution from dung. A more robust and permanent fence would be desirable. The pond is partly overhung by a mature Crack Willow Salix fragilis, this should be pollarded every ten years or so to prevent more shading.
General guidance on hedge management is in the Habitat Management Guidance section.
13. Ratcliffe Culey field 308 1st August (site-centred SP32659947)
Description This small paddock (approx 30m square) lies adjacent to All Saints Church in Ratcliffe Culey and is frequently used for village events and overspill parking for the Church. It is semi-improved grassland and appears to be used for grazing and had recently been cut. The grassland is dominated by Perrenial Rye-grass Lolium perenne though with several other grass species present, including Meadow Barley Hordeum secalinum and Timothy Phleum pratense. A number of forbs were recorded amongst the sward but none of note.
There are mature hedges on three sides of the site and these are diverse and of good structure.
East North South Hawthorn Apple (Malus sp.) Hazel Hazel Hawthorn Ash Dog Rose Dog Rose Hawthorn Dogwood Elm (Ulmus sp.) Elm (Ulmus sp.) Prunus sp. Ash Wild Privet
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Copper Beech (planted) A good variety of invertebrates were recorded, including the Tree Damsel Bug Himacerus apterus, Speckled Bush-cricket Leptophyes punctatissima and Splayed Deerfly Chrysops caecutiens.
Figure 13a: Ratcliffe Culey field 308, Speckled Bush-cricket (left), Splayed Deerfly (right)
Appendix 13 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 13b: Ratcliffe Culey field 308 aerial view
Biodiversity assessment The hedge on the eastern boundary, shared with Church Lane, is the most diverse and possibly qualifies for Local Wildlife Site designation, though may be of too short a length.
Grassland - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Hedge (east) - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4/5 Hedge (north/south) - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3
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The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat. Management General guidance on hedge management is given in the Habitat Management Guidance section.
14. Ratcliffe Culey Gravel Pits 4th July (site-centred SP32029948)
Description This site lies to the west of Ratcliffe Culey and just south of the River Sence. A small brook runs along the northern boundary. The site comprises rough marshy grassland with numerous shallow depressions, reputedly from former gravel extraction, which create seasonal pools. Only one of these areas is open water, a small pond at the western tip, all others are largely covered by vegetation. The site is regularly flooded by the River Sence. The land is owned by the Parish Council and is subject to a traditional Annual Lane Setting Auction for grazing rights.
Figure 14a: Ratcliffe Culey Gravel Pit from the NE road entrance
Figure 14b: Ratcliffe Gravel Pit aerial view
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The main dominant grasses are Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus, False Oat-grass Arrhenatherum elatius and Tufted Hair-grass Deschampsia cespitosa, with extensive patches of Reed Canary Grass Phalaris arundinacea in some of the wetter areas but also with several patches of finer grasses including Common Bent Agrostis capillaris, Creeping Bent, Agrostis stolonifera and Red Fescue Festuca rubra. Rough Meadow-grass Poa trivialis and Timothy Phleum pratensis are locally common with Reed Sweet Grass Glyceria maxima, Marsh Foxtail Alopecurus geniculatus and Floating Sweet Grass Glyceria fluitans in a few of the wetter areas. Hairy Sedge Carex hirsuta and Spiked Sedge Carex spicata were also present.
The most common forbs are Great Hairy Willowherb Epilobium hirsutum and Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens, with Common Sorrel Rumex acetosa, Meadow Buttercup Ranunculus acris and Marsh Bedstraw Galium palustre in some areas. Numerous other species were scattered across the site (see species list).
All boundaries have substantial hedges, which include several mature trees, though with some gaps. The short eastern boundary, adjacent to the road, includes several mature English Oak Quercus robur and Ash Fraxinus excelsior, together with Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and a large Buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica.
The northern boundary is gappy in places but has been allowed to grow and includes semi-mature Crack Willow Salix fragilis, English Oak Quercus robur, Field Maple Acer camestris, Crab Apple Malus sylvestris and Hazel Corylus avellana, with Blackthorn Prunus spinosus encroaching into the grassland edge. A single mature Ash Fraxinus excelsior is growing in the NW corner of the site.
The southern boundary hedge is more managed but still substantial and dense (up to 4m high and 4m wide) comprising similar species to the northern hedge. Several Crack Willow Salix fragilis are growing out into the field and 30+ young trees of this species have been planted along the SW edge by pushing sticks into the grassland. Most of these have rooted and are 1-2m high.
Chiffchaff and Whitethroat were singing from within the boundary hedges.
Many invertebrates were observed at the site with several orthopteran species being particularly common. Roesel’s Bush-cricket and Long-winged Conehead were numerous, with grasshopper nymphs (probably Lesser Marsh Grasshopper) also common. The Shiny Glass Snail Zonitoides nitidulus and the White-lipped Ramshorn Anisus leucostoma were found in the overgrown pools, both uncommon species in Leicestershire.
Three dragonfly/damselfly species were observed around the single open water pool at the western end. A Southern Hawker Dragonfly was patrolling the area, a female Black-tailed Skimmer laying in the water and numerous Azure Damselfies were present, several were coupled and clearly breeding at the site.
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Figure 14c: Ratcliffe Culey Gravel Pits - the open water pool at the western end of the site
Appendix 14 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Biodiversity assessment The mosaic of vegetation and generally damp/marsh grassland habitat, together with the presence of open water and mature hedges gives this site a high biodiversity value.
The 2011 Phase 1 Habitat survey records this site as ‘species poor semi-improved grassland’. The report notes the current open water pool as a ‘seasonal pond’ which is assessed as of Parish significance for biodiversity. The site appears to have been surveyed by aerial photos and not visited on the ground and as a result has an ‘unknown’ assessment as a Local Wildlife Site. My recommendation is that this site should be considered a candidate LWS.
Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The site currently appears unmanaged which has allowed the vegetation to grow tall and dense, providing excellent habitat for invertebrates, and plants to flower and provide a source of nectar. There is a dense thatch of previous years’ vegetation under the current growth which indicates little or non-intensive management in recent years, and again this has helped the habitat to mature.
Some cutting and removal of the vegetation is required to prevent the site from turning to scrub, the grassland being lost and the wet pools being overgrown and drying out. Given the wet nature of the site this may be best achieved by occasional light grazing by cattle (for example every 2-3 years). It may be possible to cut the grass manually if the site is accessible after a period of dry weather. The open water pool should be maintained and ideally other wet areas excavated further to create additional ponds.
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Access is currently difficult due to the wet ground but the site would make an attractive Nature Area if a raised boardwalk was constructed.
Crack Willow Salix fragilis has been planted along the southern edge of the site (by pushing cut branches into the soil) and these are starting to root. These should be removed to prevent the site becoming shaded and the wet pools being lost.
Figure 14d: Ratcliffe Culey Gravel Pits - example species recorded that require damp or waterside grassland habitat: Top: European Chinchbug, Green Drake Mayfly (sub-imago) Middle: Sawfly Calameuta filiformis, Roesel’s Bush-cricket (nymph) Bottom: Beetle Hydrothassa marginella, Long-winged Conehead (nymph)
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15. Ratcliffe Culey, Main Road hedges 4th July (site-centred SP32249953)
Description Well developed hedges border Main Road to the west of Ratcliffe Culey as show below. The northern hedge is broken by a residential property and referred to as section A (west of the property) and section B (east of the property).
Figure 15: Ratcliffe Culey, Main Road hedges aerial view
North - section A This short section of hedge has been left to grow and includes a mature Oak Quercus robur and a mature Ash Fraxinus excelsior. In addition the hedge includes well grown Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Apple Malus sp., Field Maple Acer campestris, Wild Privet Ligustrum vulgare, as well as Ivy Hedera helix and Dog Rose Rosa canina.
The diversity of species in such a short length indicates that this hedge is a historic feature. It is of significant biodiversity value given both the species mix and the well-developed structure (approx. 5m high and 5m wide plus taller mature trees). In addition, it complements the bordering large grassland field 201 adding to the overall habitat value.
The road verge alongside the hedge is relatively narrow and had been recently mown to provide a 1m visibility strip along the carriageway. The narrow unmown strip remaining was dominated by Bramble Rubus agg., Stinging Nettle Urtica dioica, Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium but with numerous other occasional shade-loving plants such as Red Campion Silene dioica and Hedge Garlic Alliara petiolate.
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North – section B This section is now part of the residential garden and is more managed, though still with a good structure and habitat value. It has fewer species comprising Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Field Maple Acer campestris, Elder Sambucus nigra and Ash Fraxinus excelsior.
The verge is the same as that described for section A.
South This hedge borders a large field and appears to be regularly trimmed. Though more compact (1-2m) than the northern hedges it still has a dense structure and offers good bird nesting habitat. There are no large trees along this length of hedge. The main hedge species is Elm Ulmus sp. but regularly interspersed are Hawthorn Crateagus monogyna, Field Maple Acer campestris, Wild Privet Ligustrum vulgare, Ash Fraxinus excelsior, Elder Sambucus nigra and Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. Comma butterfly caterpillars were found on the Elm.
The verge is slightly wider than on the north side but the majority had been recently mown. Prior to mowing, Agrimony Agrimonia eupatoria was found in the verge.
Appendix 15 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Biodiversity assessment All these hedges are both diverse in their species composition and have a good structure, providing excellent wildlife habitat.
The 2011 Phase 1 Habitat survey refers to these hedges (#70) but doesn’t make a distinction between the northern and southern sections. It notes some of the species found in this survey but comments that it is ‘not very varied’. This more detailed survey indicates that the hedges are more varied than previously thought.
Hedge (north A) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4 Hedge (north B) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3/4 Hedge (south) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3/4
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The north A section has grown to the extent where it is more woodland than hedge. This can be left unmanaged apart from removing any overhanging growth that may affect the carraigeway. The north B section is part of a garden but ideally would be maintained in its current form. Similarly the southern section is reasonably well managed though would benefit from being allowed to grow a little higher and thicker if this was possible.
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The value that hedges have for wildlife is partly due to the variety of species (providing more feeding and breeding opportunities for different animals) but crucially related to the way they are managed. The larger and thicker they are the better, but it is also vital to allow flowering and berry production so the timing of any trimming is key. A generic guide to managing hedges is in the Habitat Management Guidance section.
16. Ratcliffe Culey All Saints Churchyard 26th June (site-centred SP32699941)
Description There are a number of ‘meadow’ species in the grassland sward, such as Lady’s Bedstraw Galium verum, Meadow Buttercup Ranunculus acris and Common Sorrel Rumex acetosa. The hedges are also of good size and structure with several shrub species present and a few mature trees.
Appendix 16 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 16: Ratcliffe Culey All Saints Churchyard
Biodiversity assessment The churchyard provides good grassland and hedge habitat. The less managed border grassland is particularly useful habitat though would benefit from annual cutting and removal of the arisings.
Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3/4
Management Most of the churchyard is regularly mown which prevents most wildflowers from flowering and flourishing. Currently a strip around the periphery is not mown. Whilst it is appreciated that the grave areas will need to be regularly mown, to enhance the biodiversity value of the site additional areas could be allowed to grow, particularly from April to August. All areas should be cut annually and the arisings raked and removed and no artifial fertiliser added to the site.
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17. Atterton field 435 8th July (site-centred SP35309850)
Description This is an arable field adjacent to the settlement and currently growing wheat. There are wide (5m) headlands adjacent to the hedges which have been colonised by plants that are typical arable ‘weeds’ but also of value to wildlife.
Figure 17a: Atterton field 435 aerial view
Figure 17b: Atterton field 435 field margins
Black Grass Alopecurus myosuroides, Fat Hen Chenopodium album and Common Orache Atriplex patula were amongst the commonest plant species.
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Appendix 17 lists all the species recorded at this site. Biodiversity assessment The unmanaged margins together with the hedges provide good habitat, providing space for ruderal plants that are not generally found in less disturbed ground which in turn provide food and cover for a wide range of invertebrates. The bare ground is also a micro-habitat in its own right as a number of beetles and other invertebrates favour this environment. Whilst the crop areas of the field are of little wildlife interest, the margins are contributing to the overall biodiversity of the area.
Arable – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 1 Hedges - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Margins - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3
The hedges and the margins are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management It would appear that the unsown margins have either been recently created or are sprayed then simply left each year. As mentioned above, this approach does have wildlife benefits by creating a habitat for plants, and related invertebrates, that require disturbed or bare soil. An alternative would be to sow the margins with a wildflower mix and then cut these annually and remove the arisings.
18. Atterton field 402 8th July (site-centred SP351979)
Description This large field is permanent pasture occupied by cows. Aerial photography shows the remains of ridge and furrow running east/west.
Figure 18a: Atterton field 402 aerial view
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Figure 18b: Atterton field 402 showing ridge and furrow
The grassland is semi-improved and is dominated by Perrenial Rye-grass Lolium perenne and Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus with some Timothy Phleum pratense and Marsh Foxtail Alopecurus geniculatus in the wetter areas. There are no wildflowers of conservation significance with Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens and Creeping Thistle Cirsium arvense the most numerous.
The hedge on the southern boundary is diverse in species and with a good structure, including several mature trees. There is also a deep ditch with running water within it.
The hedge on the western boundary is a continuation of that in field 401 and appears unmanaged with mature trees for about half the field length when it becomes more managed and smaller.
Appendix 18 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Biodiversity assessment The grassland is not of any particular conservation value though some of the margins have been ungrazed allowing brambles and a wider range of wildflowers to grow. These support a good range of invertebrates. The southern hedge is excellent habitat, particularly as it follows the line of a stream with running water. It may qualify for LWS designation and could warrant a 30m section survey.
Grassland field – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Hedge (south) - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4/5 Hedge (west) - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management
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The southern hedge should ideally be left large and not ‘tidied up’. For the other hedges the general guidance provided in the Habitat Management Guidance section can apply.
19. Atterton field 437 8th July (site-centred SP35119845)
Description This field is improved grassland and partially ridge and furrow (running east/west) and is used for cattle grazing. It is predominently Perennial Rye-grass Lolium perenne with some Timothy Phleum pratense and patches of Rough Meadow-grass Poa trivialis.
There are several bare areas near the field gates and around the cattle trough which have allowed ruderal species to colonise. The cattle trough is particularly large and is providing a micro-habitat for a number of aquatic invertebrates. The Common Backswimmer Notonecta glauca was abundant.
Well managed hedges border most of the field but are not particularly diverse, mainly comprising Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna.
Appendix 19 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 19: Atterton field 437 aerial view
Biodiversity assessment
Ridge and furrow, as well as being of historic significance, adds to the habitat diversity by creating wetter (furrows) and drier (ridges) areas. The vegetation often varies in each of these different ecological niches.
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Grassland field – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Hedges - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management Guidance on hedge management is in the Habitat Management Guidance section.
20. Atterton field 446 8th July (site-centred SP349983)
Description This field lies to the west of Atterton and is grass pasture, grazed by cows. Much of the field has the remains of ridge and furrow, running east/west and there are two small ponds, each fenced to prevent cattle access. The grassland is semi-improved and dominated by Perrenial Rye-grass Lolium perenne with some Meadow Foxtail Alopecurus pratensis and small patches of both Common Bent Agrostis capillaris and Creeping Bent Agrostis stolonifera. The furrows, being damper, support some Marsh Foxtail Alopecurus geniculatus. The bare areas, poached by cattle, have enabled a range of common ruderal species to establish, including Stinging Nettle and Creeping Thistle.
Two ponds are present, both fenced to prevent cattle access. The southern pond is unshaded and has a marshy margin which supports Marsh Foxtail and Celery-leaved Buttercup Ranunculus sclereratus. A Southern Hawker dragonfly Aeshna cyanea was patrolling over the pond.
The northern pond is partially shaded with poor water quality. The margins supported Yellow Iris Iris pseudacorus and False Fox-sedge Carex otrubae.
The hedge along the southern (road) boundary is managed to around 2m high by 2m wide and is diverse with a dense structure, including Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Hazel Corylus avellana, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa and Wild Privet Ligustrum vulgare.
Appendix 20 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 20a: Atterton field 446 aerial view
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Figure 20b: Atterton field 446 ridge and furrow grassland
Biodiversity assessment The hedge on the south of the field is listed by the LRERC as a potential LWS. A detailed assessment of the criteria was not undertaken. It may be worth revisiting this hedge to complete a detailed LWS survey to clarify whether it does meet the criteria.
Grassland – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Pond (south) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4 Pond (north) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Hedge (south) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The ponds are valuable habitat features but could be improved further by introducing more aquatic and marginal vegetation to the southern pond and thinning the over-hanging trees in the northern pond. It is essential that cattle are excluded to prevent degradation of the water quality.
General advice on hedge management is in the Habitat Management Guidance section.
21. Atterton field 401 8th July (site-centred SP35059822)
Description This is a small horse paddock on the west edge of Atterton. At the time of the visit the grass had been recently cut and the field set up with horse jumps. However the edge vegetation was uncut so provided a reasonable indication of the floral diversity. The main grass species were Perrenial Rye-
54 | P a g e W i t h e r l e y Ecological Survey 2019 – D a v i d N i c h o l l s grass Lolium perenne with some Meadow Foxtail Alopecurus pratensis, Timothy Phleum pratense and Rough Meadow-grass Poa trivialis.
A stream runs behind the hedge on the northern border, adjacent to Atterton Lane. This hedge included several mature Grey Poplar trees which were generating suckers into the field.
The hedge on the western boundary has been left unmanaged and has become tall and dense with several mature trees including Crack Willow Salix fragilis.
There were a few bare areas where a range of ruderal plants were growing.
Appendix 21 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 21a: Atterton field 401 aerial view
Figure 21b: Atterton field 401 Grey Poplar suckers
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Biodiversity assessment As with many arable and pasture fields, the most interest and value for biodiversity lies around the margins which are less intensively cultivated or grazed. This is particularly the case where hedges form the field boundaries, as with part of this field.
Field – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Hedge (north) - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3/4 Hedge (west) - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management General advice on hedge management is in the Habitat Management Guidance section.
22. Atterton field 434 8th July (site-centred SP35169841)
Description This grassland field had just been cut at the time of the survey visit so flora identification was limited to the edges where some longer growth remained. This indicated that the field is semi-improved and dominated by Perrenial Rye-grass Lolium perenne with some Meadow Foxtail Alopecurus pratensis and Rough Meadow-grass Poa trivialis.
An old field pond is located in the north-west corner, now dry and completely shaded by trees, mainly Crack Willow Salix fragilis.
The northern boundary hedge is well managed (2m x 2m) but dense with a ditch on the far side but no visible water. A good diversity of species were present, including Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Field Maple Acer campestris with occasional Ash Fraxinus excelsior and Dogwood Cornus sanguinea, but no mature trees were present.
Appendix 22 lists all the species recorded at this site.
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Figure 22: Atterton 434 aerial view
Biodiversity assessment Though dry and shaded, the old pond offers an additional habitat – effectively now a small area of damp woodland. The deadwood within is particularly valuable as habitat. There was also evidence of rabbits in this area.
Grassland – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Dry pond – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3/4 Hedge (north) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3/4
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management Ideally the pond would be restored by cutting back the shading trees and providing a water source. However it is providing good habitat by just being left to nature.
Guidance on hedge management is in the Habitat Management Guidance section.
23. Atterton – Upton Lane hedges 8th July (site-centred SP35539856)
Description The southern hedge is managed to around 3m x3m with occasional mature Oak Quercus robur. The species recorded were Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Field Maple Acer campestris and Ash Fraxinus excelsior.
The northern hedge was smaller (2m x2m) and less diverse, comprising mainly Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with Blackthorn Prunus spinosa and Field Maple Acer campestris.
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Figure 23a: Atterton, Upton Lane hedges aerial view
The road verges alongside the hedges are narrow (c1m) and appear to be mown as a visibility strip approaching the A444 junction. Few plants of note were found here, with Meadow Vetchling Lathyrus pratense being one species of note. The wider A444 verge at the junction itself does however contain a number of significant plants, including: Crested Dog’s-tail grass Cynosurus cristatus, Common Knapweed Centaurea nigra, Meadow Vetchling Lathyrus pratense and Goat’s- beard Tragopodon pratensis. This is probably of Local Wildlife Site standard, though is possibly too small an area for designation.
Appendix 23a lists all the species recorded in the hedges. Appendix 23b lists the species recorded at the A444 junction verge.
Figure 23b: Atterton, Upton Lane hedges towards the A444
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Biodiversity assessment The northern hedge is listed by the LRERC as a potential LWS. Whilst there is a good variety of species and the hedge is of good size and density, it doesn’t have the diversity to meet the LWS criteria. The southern hedge has a better structure and is more diverse but still doesn’t meet the LWS criteria.
Hedge (north) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3/4 Hedge (south) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4/5 A444 verge – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The hedges are well managed.
24. Atterton Lane hedges 8th July (site-centred SP35409831)
Description These hedges border Atterton Lane from the A444 junction and extend to the village edge.
The southern hedge contains many mature trees and in places broadens to become narrow woodland. Species include Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Hazel Corylus avellana, Ash Fraxinus excelsior, Holly Ilex aquifolium, Alder Alnus glutinosa and Wild Privet Ligustrum vulgare. There is a flowing stream running next to the hedge supporting aquatic plants such as Fool’s Water-cress Apium nodiflorum and aquatic invertebrates such as Jenkin’s Spire Snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum and the Wandering Snail Radix balthica.
The northern hedge is more managed and borders gardens but is similarly diverse with mostly the same species.
Appendix 24 lists all the species recorded in the hedges.
Figure 24: Atterton Road hedges aerial view
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Biodiversity assessment Both these hedges are of significant biodiversity value. Local Wildlife Site assessment forms were completed for both, see appendix 38. The southern hedge has an average of 5 species per 30m length but also has three additional qualifying features and therefore meets the LWS criteria. A mature Ash tree in this hedge is already listed as a potential LWS.
The northern hedge has an average of 5.3 species per 30m and has two additional qualifying features so also meets the LWS criteria. For both assessments, non-native trees have been excluded from the species count, though they are listed on the form.
Hedge south – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5 (av 5 species per 30m + 3 qual. features) Meets LWS criteria.
Hedge north – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5 (av 5.3 species per 30m + 2 qual. features) Meets LWS criteria.
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The hedges are generally managed well.
25. Fenny Drayton St Michael & All Angels Churchyard 8th July (site-centred SP35039710)
Description The historic church lies in the centre of the village of Fenny Drayton. Most of the churchyard is grassland which is regularly mown and a ring of veteran Yew trees Taxas baccata encircles the boundary. The grassland was species poor, though difficult to assess fully as it was short mown. A few areas were unmown and these included Perennial Rye-grass Lolium perenne, Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus and Wall Barley Hordeum murinum. Herbaceous species amongst the grasses included Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens, White Clover Trifolium repens, Ribwort Plantain Plantago lanceolata and Self-heal Prunella vulgaris.
The shady areas under the Yews included a few shade tolerant plants such as Wood Avens and Male Fern but also ruderal species such as Smooth Sowthistle and Nipplewort.
The only unusual plant species recorded was Pink Sorrel, though this is likely to have been introduced.
Appendix 25 lists all the species recorded in the hedges.
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Figure 25: Fenny Drayton St Michael & All Angels Churchyard aerial view
Biodiversity assessment The churchyard is listed as a potential LWS by the LRERC, however this survey concludes that the grassland quality is insufficient to merit LWS status.
Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3/4
Management Ideally some areas of the grassland would be allowed the grow and flower between April and August, then cut and the arisings removed.
26. Fenny Drayton field 501 8th July (site-centred SP351972)
Description This very large arable field is located on the northern edge of Fenny Drayton and is crossed by a public footpath. The survey was restricted to areas viewable from this footpath. The southern edge of the field bordered gardens with a 1-2m uncultivated headland.
Appendix 26 lists all the species recorded at this site.
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Figure 26a: Fenny Drayton field 501 aerial view
Figure 26b: Fenny Drayton field 501 public footpath
Biodiversity assessment
Field – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 1 Field margin (south) - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3
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Management Whilst arable fields are of minimal value to wildlife, such a large field could accommodate a ‘skylark plot’ which would enable this species to breed without disturbance from work on the crop. A Skylark was heard singing during the survey so they are clearly attempting to breed in the area. The RSPB provides guidance on how this can be achieved – see the Habitat Management Guidance section.
27. Fenny Drayton field 505a 8th July (site-centred SP34879706)
Description This grassland field had been recently cut and was only viewable from the public footpath on the northern boundary which was fenced from the main field. The field is semi-improved and dominated by Perrenial Rye-grass Lolium perenne and Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus. However there were many areas of disturbed ground where Stinging Nettle Urtica doica and Broad-leaved Dock Rumex acetosa had established.
The public footpath on the northern boundary is fenced to create a 2-3m strip with a hedge on one side. Both the hedge and the grassland strip were rich in wildlife. The hedge contained Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Elder Sambucus nigra and Ash Fraxinus excelsior but in parts was predominently Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. The Bramble flowers were attracting large numbers of butterflies, bees, hoverflies and other pollinators. The grassland was unmanaged and whilst not containing any flower species of note, was also rich in invertebrates, including Speckled Bush-cricket Leptophyes punctatissima, Meadow Grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus, Lesser Marsh Grasshopper Chorthippus albomarginatus. The presence of nymphs of all these species demonstrated that they were breeding in that area.
Appendix 27 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 27a: Fenny Drayton field 505a (field left, footpath right)
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Figure 27b: Fenny Drayton field 505a aerial view
Biodiversity assessment The field is of limited biodiversity value but the footpath strip is excellent habitat and for such a small area was surprisingly diverse in both flora and fauna. The hedge would not meet the LWS criteria but combined with the grassland strip it is a valuable wildlife asset.
Field – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 2/3 Footpath strip and hedge - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5
The hedge is a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The hedge should ideally be managed in accordance with the Habitat Management Guidance. The narrowness of the grassland strip means that any formal management is likely to be detrimental though a late summer cut with the arisings removed would help to maintain the floral diversity and prevent the path from becoming overgrown.
28. Fenny Drayton field 507 8th July (site-centred SP347968)
Description This is a diverse area with the majority of the field being arable but with signicant areas that are uncultivated grassland. In addition there is scrub/woodland area to the west of the upper field which appears to be a former orchard. There are several footpaths which cross the field and these have wide grassy verges alongside. The large hedge bordering the northern boundary with Drayton Lane is covered as separate site (see site #30).
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The margins supported a range of typical arable ‘weeds’ such as Black Grass Alopecurus myosuroides, Scarlet Pimpernel Anagallis arvensis and Common Orache Atriplex patula, as well as grasses and woodland edge plants near to the hedges – such as Rough Chervil Chaerophyllum temulum and White Bryony Bryonia dioica. The uncultivated grassland was mainly False Oat-grass Arrhenatherum elatius, Cock’s-foot grass Dactylis glomerata and Perrenial Rye-grass Lolium perenne, together with robust plants such as Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium and Cow Parsley Anthriscus sylvestris. Near to the houses a few naturalised cultivated plants were present, such as Borage Borago officinalis and Russian Comfrey Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum.
The scrub/woodland contained a range of species but with numerous apple trees. It appeared that a hedge alongside this area is no longer managed and has spread into the former orchard.
Numerous invertebrates were found and the uncultivated grassland and the scrub/woodland in particular offered good habitat.
Appendix 28 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 28: Fenny Drayton field 507 aerial view
Biodiversity assessment
Field – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 1 Margins - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3/4 Uncultivated grassland = 3/4 Scrub/woodland – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4
The hedges and field margins are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management Much of the site is scrub and grassland and has become a good habitat by leaving it to nature. Such ‘wild’ areas are increasingly uncommon so ideally it would be left unmanaged.
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29. Fenny Drayton, Fenn Lane hedges 1st August (site-centred SP37049775)
Description These hedges border Fenn Lane from the junction with A444 just outside Fenny Drayton. The verges alongside the hedges are generally wide though vary from 2-10m.
The southern hedge is managed to around 3m x 3m and has a wet ditch along most of its length. It has a diverse species mix including Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Hazel Corylus avellana, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Wild Privet, Ligustrum vulgare, Holly Ilex aquifolium, Elder Sambucus nigra, Elm Ulmus agg., Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur, Ash Fraxinus excelsior and Dog Rose Rosa canina. The southern verge is also species-rich with a number of notable plants, including Great Burnet Sanguisorba officinalis, Common Knapweed Centaurea nigra, Agrimony Agrimonia eupatoria and Chicory Cichorium intybus.
Appendix 29 lists all the species recorded in these hedges and verges.
Figure 29a: Fenny Drayton, Fenn Lane hedges aerial view
Figure 29b: Fenny Drayton, Fenn Lane, Chicory on the southern verge
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Biodiversity assessment The first 540m of the southern hedge has an average of 5.2 species per 30m and also has two qualifying additional features so meets the criteria for LWS designation. The final 120m of the length surveyed (see map above) is less diverse so has not been included in the calculation. A LWS assessment form has been completed and is included in appendix 38.
The 2011 survey recorded this hedge as a potental LWS.
The northern hedge has a similar range of species but is not as diverse on each 30m length with an average of just 3.3 species. The LWS assessment form is included in appendix 38. It is generally managed to a smaller size (c2m x 2m) though also has a wet ditch along much of its length.
The first 200m of the southern verge is designated as a candidate LWS (including a 100m length on the A444). The floral diversity of the verge surveyed indicates that the designation could be extended along the full length. The northern verge is not as species-rich but still an important grassland and of significant wildlife value.
Hedge (south) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5 (av 5.2 species per 30m + 2 qual. features) Meets LWS. Verge (south) - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5 Hedge (north) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4 Verge (north) - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The northern hedge could be improved by being allowed to grow larger, similarly to how the southern hedge is managed. This is particularly the case along the 200m length at the eastern end of the surveyed stretch.
The verges are excellent habitat and should ideally be managed by an annual cut in late summer then with removal of the arisings.
30. Fenny Drayton, Drayton Lane hedges 1st August (site-centred SP343967)
Description These hedges border the road leaving the village and are shared with arable fields on both sides.
The southern hedge appears relatively unmanaged and includes many mature trees. It has a deep ditch with standing water and in parts it is up to 10m wide. There is a mature Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur at the western end of the surveyed length. Most of the other tall trees are Elm Ulmus agg. and several of these are dead - providing a valuable habitat. Other species in the hedge include Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Elder Sambucus nigra and Crack Willow/ Sallow Salix sp. A LWS assessment was carried out but the hedge only averages 3.6 species per 30m and does not meet LWS criteria. A LWS assessment form has been completed and is included in appendix 38.
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The northern hedge is managed to around 2m x 2m and lacks any mature trees. It is less diverse than the southern hedge and dominated by Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. A LWS assessment was carried out but the hedge only averages 2.5 species per 30m and does not meet LWS criteria. A LWS assessment form has been completed and is included in appendix 38.
Appendix 30 lists all the species recorde in these hedges and verges.
Figure 30: Fenny Drayton, Drayton Lane hedges aerial view
Biodiversity assessment Both hedges are listed as potential LWS for the full length between Fenny Drayton and the A5. The mature Oak in the southern hedge is designated as a candidate LWS in Phase 1 Habitat survey.
A LWS assessment was carried out on both hedges over the distance shown in figure 30. The southern hedge averages 3.6 species per 30m and the northern hedge 2.5 so neither meets LWS criteria. The assessment forms for both hedges are included in appendix 38. Though the southern hedge doesn’t meet LWS criteria, it is an excellent habitat, thanks in part to the presence of the wet ditch, the mature trees and the standing deadwood.
Hedge + verge (south) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4/5 Hedge + verge (north) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The southern hedge should ideally be largely left unmanaged, except for trimming on the field side where there is a public footpath. The generic hedge management guidance in the Habitat Management Guidance section should apply to the northern hedge.
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31. Witherley field 602 26th July (site-centred SP324977)
Description This arable field lies to the north of Witherley with a public footpath crossing the southern end. The survey was restricted to the area viewable from this footpath. The west of the field borders the River Anker but this was not possible to view.
The flora species in the field were typical arable ‘weeds’, such as Common Poppy Papaver rhoeas and ruderal species along the path and the field margins, such as False Oat-grass Arrhenatherum elatius, Barren Brome Anisantha sterilis and Scented Mayweed Matricaria chamomilla. One interesting species was Creeping Soft-grass Holcus mollis, which isn’t common in Leicestershire and was the only time this species was found in this Parish survey.
The hedge along the eastern border, shared with Mythe Lane, contained Hawthorn Crateagus monogyna, Sycamore Acer platranus and Ash Fraxinus excelsior with some mature trees.
Appendix 31 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 31a: Witherley field 602 aerial view
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Figure 31b: Witherley field 602 public footpath
Biodiversity assessment Field - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 1 Margins - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3
The hedges and field margins are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management General guidance on hedge managment is in the Habitat Management Guidance section.
32. Witherley field 603, Cottager’s Piece 18th July (site-centred SP322976)
Description This large semi-improved grassland field borders the River Anker along the west and is the site of the former Witherley Mill. The remnant mill race bisects the centre of the site, providing a mainly marshy habitat with some areas of shallow standing water. A large pond lies to the north of the site. The field is used for grazing cattle and has a few scattered shrubs around the site, mainly Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Holly Ilex ilicis. A few standard trees have been planted within fenced cages to prevent cattle access. The whole field is open access as part of a Stewardship agreement with DEFRA.
The grassland was a varied mixture of Perrenial Rye-grass Lolium perenne, Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus, Meadow Foxtail Alopecurus pratensis, Timothy Phleum pratense, Creeping Bent Agrostis stolonifera with some Crested Dog’s-tail Cynosurus cristatus. However, there were few forbs within
70 | P a g e W i t h e r l e y Ecological Survey 2019 – D a v i d N i c h o l l s the grassland – mainly White Clover Trifolium repens, Yarrow Achillea millefolium and Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens, with a few specimens of Meadow Buttercup Ranunculus acris.
The old mill race and pond add significantly to the biodiversity interest and support a good range of wetland plants, including Purple Loosestrife Lythrum salicaria, Fool’s Water-cress Apium nodiflorum, Water Forget-me-not Myosotis scorpioides, Celery-leaved Buttercup Ranunculus sceleratus and Water Figwort Scrophularia auriculata.
The river edge adds further interest and supported species such as Reed Canary-grass Phalaris arundinacea, Common Club-rush Schoenoplectus lacustris and Unbranched Bur-reed Sparganium emersum.
A good diversity of invertebrates were found, particularly around the wetland areas. Azure Damselfy Coenagrion puella, Blue-tailed Damselfy Ischnura elegans, Banded Demoiselle Calopteryx splendens and Ruddy Darter Sympetrum sanguineum were observed, together with the Green Leaf-hopper Cicadella viridis, Common Field Grasshopper Chorthippus brunneus and Small Skipper Butterfly Thymelicus sylvestris.
Appendix 32 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 32a: Witherley field 603 aerial view
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Figure 32b: Witherley field 602
Figure 32c: Witherley field 602 (mill race left, pond right)
Biodiversity assessment The varied habitats of this site, particularly the wetland areas, make this an important area for biodiversity. It has the potential to be a Local Wildlife Site.
Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The cattle grazing should prevent the mill race from being overgrown though it will gradually silt up and dry out without further intervention. Ideally small sections of the race would be gently excavated in successive years to provide more open water and to remove some of the built-up vegetation. This phased approach would allow the plants and invertebrate populations to be maintained and to recolonise the worked areas.
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33. Witherley fields 608/609 18th July (site-centred SP32819715)
Description These two fields are both bisected by a public footpath. They are grazed by cattle which have access to both fields through an open gateway. Managed hedges run along all the field boundaries. The grassland is very similar in both fields so has been reported here together, however the long hedges in each field have been surveyed separately.
The field is semi-improved grassland with a mixture of grass species including Perrenial Rye-grass Lolium perenne, Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus, Cock’s-foot Dactylis glomerata, Timothy Phleum pratense and Couch Elytrigia repens. The margins next to the hedges are less grazed allowing plants such as Upright Hedge-parsley Torilis japonica and Nipplewort Lapsana communis to grow. Parts of the hedges have damp ditches which support Great Hairy Willowherb Epilobium hirsutum and Meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria. Areas poached by the cattle, particularly around the drinking troughs, support a number of ruderal species and there are patches of Nettle Urtica doica and both Creeping Thistle Cirsium arvense and Spear Thistle Cirsium vulgare.
The hedges are all diverse and include Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Field Maple Acer campestre, Hazel Corylus avellana, Ash Fraxinus excelsior and Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur. The southern hedge of 609 (eastern field) also has a wet ditch along its length.
Appendix 33 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 33a: Witherley fields 608/9 aerial view
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Figure 33b: Witherley fields 608/9 public footpath
Biodiversity assessment The northern hedge in 608 was less diverse than the others and also had a gap near to the road. LWS site assessment forms have been completed for the other three hedges and these can be viewed in appendix 38. The findings are summarised below. Both the hedges on the south of the fields meet the LWS criteria.
Fields - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3 Hedge 608 north - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4 Hedge 608 south - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5 (6 species per 30m) Meets LWS criteria. Hedge 609 north - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4 (4.8 species per 30m) Hedge 609 south - Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5 (5.7 species per 30m + 2 qual. features) Meets LWS criteria.
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management Current management is generally good. The generic guidelines in the Habitat Management Guidance section would still apply.
34. Witherley field 636 26th July (site-centred SP329978)
Description The pasture grassland field lies to the north of Witherley and alongside Atterton Road. The grassland is semi-improved but with a good diversity of grass species, including Perennial Rye-grass Lolium perenne, Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus, Crested Dog’s-tail Cynosurus cristatus, Meadow Fescue Schedonorus pratensis and Meadow Barley Hordeum secalinum. There were few forbs but these
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The hedge on the west side follows the line of a stream which flows within a deep ditch. The hedge contains numerous mature trees, such as Alder Alnus glutinosa, Ash Fraxinus excelsior and Crack Willow Salix fragilis and in places is 15m wide with some grassland within the less shaded areas. The wetland edges of the stream support Brooklime Veronica beccabunga, Fool’s Watercress Apium nodiflorum and Great Willowherb Epilobium hirsutum. The stream bends to follow the northern field boundary where some open water is accessible to the grazing cattle. Three-spined Sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus, Banded Demoiselle damselflies Calopteryx splendens and Wandering Snails Radix balthica were present.
The hedge on the eastern boundary was surveyed as a separate site – see section 36.
Appendix 34 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 34a: Witherley field 636 aerial view
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Figure 34b: Witherley field 636
Figure 34c: Witherley field 636 dead wood habitats
Biodiversity assessment The western hedge was assessed as a possible LWS but fails to meet the criteria through species diversity. Nevertheless it has considerable biodiversity value, enhanced by the standing deadwood as illustrated in figure 34c. The grassland was one of the most diverse viewed during this survey and together with the well developed hedge, treeline and stream this site overall is an excellent habitat.
Field – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 4 Hedge/stream (west) – Parish Biodiversity Grade 4
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
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Management Ideally cattle would be excluded from the stream where it flows on the northern boundary. The western hedge requires little management and the deadwood in the standing trees should be retained.
35. Witherley field 730 26th July (site-centred SP32889783)
Description This arable field is adjacent to field 636 and is crossed by a public footpath. The hedge on the east is tall and dense (5m x 3m) and a stream flows along the southern boundary. The large hedge and stream which is shared with field 636 is described within that site. The rough grassland at the margins of the field supported a number of common species such as False Oat-grass Arrhenatherum elatius and Cock’s-foot Dactylis glomerata, whilst the path edges had typical arable ‘weeds’ such as Common Orache Atriplex patula and Redshank Persicaria maculosa.
The stream on the eastern border supported a number of wetland plants such as Great Hairy Willowherb Epilobium hirsutum, Meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria and Reed Sweet-grass Glyceria maxima.
The hedge along the western boundary was tall and dense (5m x 4m) and was mainly Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Field Maple Acer campestre with several mature Ash Fraxinus excelsior.
Appendix 35 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 35a: Witherley field 730 aerial view
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Figure 35b: Witherley field 730 public footpath
Biodiversity assessment Arable field – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 1 Stream (south) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 3/4 Hedge (west) = 3/4
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The western hedge appears to be managed well. As with all arable fields, wide headlands that are either seeded with wildflowers or allowed to colonise naturally help to provide some habitat.
36. Witherley, Atterton Road hedges 1st August (site-centred SP33039781)
Description These hedges border Atterton Road as it leaves the village of Witherley. They are accompanied by wide (5m) verges.
The north hedge is managed to around 3m x 2m and has a wet ditch running along its length. It contains a diversity of species including Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Hazel Corylus avellana, Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, Elder Sambucus nigra, Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur and Ash Fraxinus excelsior.
The southern hedge has the same species as fopund in the northern hedge, plus Holly Ilex ilicis and Dogwood Cornus alba. It also has a more varied species mixed along its length.
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The verges on both sides provide good habitat and are generally species rich but without having the indicator species is unlikely to meet LWS criteria.
Appendix 36 lists all the species recorded at this site.
Figure 36: Witherley, Atterton Road hedges
Biodiversity assessment Both hedges are listed as potential Local Wildlife Sites by the Leicestershire and Rutland Environmental Records Centre. Both have now been assessed in detail to see if they meet the criteria for LWS designation and both qualify with the results summarised below. The LWS assessment forms have been completed and are included in appendix 38.
Hedge (north) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5 (av. 5 species per 30m + 2 qual. features). Meets LWS criteria. Hedge (south) – Parish Biodiversity Grade = 5 (av. 6.2 species per 30m). Meets LWS criteria.
The hedges are a UK BAP Priority Habitat.
Management The current management is satisfactory. The general guidelines for hedge management would be relevant however.
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Appendices
Appendix 1 – species recorded in field 201
Flora Taxon Group Latin Common Ferns & Horsetails Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerate Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Glyceria maxima Reed Sweet-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Hordeum secalinum Meadow Barley Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phragmites australis Common Reed Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Schoenoplectus lacustris Common Club-rush Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix fragilis Crack-willow Wildflowers Centaurea nigra Common Knapweed Wildflowers Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Heracleum mantegazzianum Giant Hogweed Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling Wildflowers Lotus corniculatus Common Bird's-foot-trefoil Wildflowers Nuphar lutea Yellow Water-lily Wildflowers Persicaria amphibia Amphibious Bistort Wildflowers Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil Wildflowers Rorippa amphibia Great Yellow-cress Wildflowers Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel Wildflowers Rumex crispus Curled Dock Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock Wildflowers Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet Wildflowers Sparganium erectum Branched Bur-reed Wildflowers Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
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Wildflowers Vicia sativa subsp. Segetalis Common Vetch
Fauna Taxon Group Latin Common Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus lapidaries Red-tailed Bumblebee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus pratorum Early Bumblebee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus vestalis Vestal Cuckoo Bumblebee Beetles Gastrophysa viridula Green Dock Beetle Birds Sylvia communis Whitethroat Bugs Philaenus spumarius Common Froghopper Butterflies Polygonia c-album Comma Dragonflies and Damselflies Ischnura elegans Blue-tailed Damselfly Flies, Gnats and Midges Euleia heracleid Celery fly Mammals Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit Sawflies Pontania proxima Willow Redgall Sawfly
Fungi Taxon Group Latin Common Fungi Daldinia concentrica King Alfred's Cakes
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Appendix 2 – species recorded in field 202
Flora Taxon Group Latin Common Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerate Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus avium Wild Cherry Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Anthriscus Sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Geum urbanum Wood Avens Wildflowers Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell Wildflowers Vicia hirsute Hairy Tare Wildflowers Vicia sativa subsp. Segetalis Common Vetch
Fauna Taxon Group Latin Common Bees, Wasps, Ants Apis mellifera Honey Bee Bees, Wasps, Ants Volucella bombylans Bumblebee Hoverfly Beetles Anthrenus verbasci Varied Carpet Beetle Beetles Coccinella septempunctata 7 Spot Ladybird Beetles Harmonia axyridis Harlequin Ladybird Beetles Oedemera nobilis Swollen-thighed Beetle
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Beetles Tytthaspis sedecimpunctata 16 Spot Ladybird Birds Corvus monedula Jackdaw Birds Turdus merula Blackbird Dragonflies and Damselflies Calopteryx splendens Banded Demoiselle Dragonflies and Damselflies Coenagrion puella Azure Damselfly Dragonflies and Damselflies Enallagma cyathigerum Common Blue Damselfly Flies, Gnats and Midges Scathophaga stercoraria Yellow Dung Fly Hoverflies Sphaerophoria scripta Long Hoverfly Hoverflies Volucella bombylans Moths Aphelia paleana Timothy Tortrix Moths Chrysoteuchia culmella Garden Grass-veneer Sawflies Cephus pygmeus Wheat Stem Borer
Fungi Taxon Group Latin Common Lichens Parmelia sulcate Hammered Shield Lichen Lichens Physcia adscendens Lichens Xanthoria parietina
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Appendix 3 – species recorded in field 203
Flora Taxon Group Latin Common Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerate Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Hordeum secalinum Meadow Barley Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Juncus effuses Soft-rush Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix fragilis Crack-willow Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Alisma plantago-aquatica Common Water-plantain Wildflowers Angelica Sylvestris Wild Angelica Wildflowers Anthriscus Sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Apium nodiflorum Fool's Water-cress Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Dipsacus fullonum Wild Teasel Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Geum urbanum Wood Avens Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Myosotis scorpioides Water Forget-me-not Wildflowers Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil Wildflowers Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Rorippa amphibia Great Yellow-cress Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg.
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Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Vicia sativa subsp. Segetalis Common Vetch
Fauna Taxon Group Latin Common Bees, Wasps, Ants Apis mellifera Honey Bee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus pratorum Early Bumblebee Beetles Malachius bipustulatus Common Malachite Beetle Beetles Oedemera nobilis Swollen-thighed Beetle Beetles Pyrochroa serraticornis Cardinal Beetle Beetles Tytthaspis sedecimpunctata 16 Spot Ladybird Birds Ardea cinereal Grey Heron Birds Egretta garzetta Little Egret Birds Erithacus rubecula Robin Birds Fringilla coelebs Chaffinch Birds Turdus philomelos Song Thrush Bugs Heterogaster urticae Nettle Groundbug Bugs Psyllopsis fraxini agg. Bugs Stenodema laevigata Butterflies Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell Butterflies Ochlodes Sylvanus Large Skipper Butterflies Vanessa Atalanta Red Admiral Dragonflies and Damselflies Calopteryx splendens Banded Demoiselle Dragonflies and Damselflies Pyrrhosoma nymphula Large Red Damselfly Flies, Gnats and Midges Dasineura fraxini Flies, Gnats and Midges Empis tessellate Flies, Gnats and Midges Musca autumnalis Face Fly Flies, Gnats and Midges Thelaira nigripes Grasshoppers & Crickets Meconema thalassinum Oak Bush-cricket Mayflies Ephemera Danica Green Drake Mayfly Moths Aphelia paleana Timothy Tortrix Moths Celypha lacunana Common Marble Moths Korscheltellus lupulina Common Swift Moths Rivula sericealis Straw Dot Sawflies Pontania proxima Willow Redgall Sawfly Slugs & Snails Arion ater agg. Slugs & Snails Arion subfuscus Dusky Slug Slugs & Snails Deroceras reticulatum Netted Slug Slugs & Snails Succinea putris Amber Snail Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Agelena labyrinthica Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Eriophyes similis Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Trochosa ruricola Rustic Wolf Spider
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Fungi Taxon Group Latin Common Fungi Bolbitius titubans Yellow Fieldcap Lichens Arthonia radiata Lichens Lecanora chlarotera Lichens Lecanora chlarotera Lichens Lecidella elaeochroma Lichens Lecidella elaeochroma Lichens Physcia tenella Lichens Xanthoria parietina
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Appendix 4 – species recorded in field 205
Flora Taxon Group Latin Common Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis capillaris Common Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerate Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Festuca rubra Red Fescue Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Juglans regia Walnut Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Calystegia sylvatica Large Bindweed Wildflowers Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex crispus Curled Dock Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Sagina procumbens Procumbent Pearlwort Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow-thistle Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
Fauna Taxon Group Latin Common Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus hypnorum Tree Bumblebee Common Carder Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus pascuorum Bumblebee Bees, Wasps, Ants Lasius flavus Yellow Meadow Ant Bees, Wasps, Ants Lasius niger Small Black Ant
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Beetles Coccinella septempunctata 7 Spot Ladybird Beetles Harmonia axyridis Harlequin Ladybird Beetles Oedemera nobilis Swollen-thighed Beetle Beetles Tytthaspis sedecimpunctata 16 Spot Ladybird Birds Columba palumbus Wood Pigeon Birds Passer domesticus House Sparrow Birds Sylvia atricapilla Blackcap Birds Turdus philomelos Song Thrush Bugs Aelia acuminate Bishop's Mitre Shieldbug Bugs Palomena prasina Green Shieldbug Bugs Philaenus spumarius Common Froghopper Bugs Tingis ampliata Butterflies Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Ochlodes Sylvanus Large Skipper Butterflies Vanessa cardui Painted Lady Flies, Gnats and Midges Scathophaga stercoraria Yellow Dung Fly Lacewings & Scorpionflies Chrysopa perla Moths Aphelia paleana Timothy Tortrix Moths Chrysoteuchia culmella Garden Grass-veneer Moths Korscheltellus lupulina Common Swift Sawflies Calameuta filiformis Reed Stem Borer Slugs & Snails Trochulus striolatus Strawberry Snail Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria erinea Walnut Leaf Gall Mite
Fungi Taxon Group Latin Common Fungi Puccinia punctiformis Creeping Thistle Rust
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Appendix 5 – species recorded in field 209
Flora Taxon Group Latin Common Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis capillaris Common Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerate Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Festuca rubra Red Fescue Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Hordeum secalinum Meadow Barley Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Anthriscus Sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Bryonia dioica White Bryony Wildflowers Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Geum urbanum Wood Avens Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Matricaria chamomilla Scented Mayweed Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Ranunculus sceleratus Celery-leaved Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort Wildflowers Stellaria graminea Lesser Stitchwort Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell
Fauna Taxon Group Latin Common Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus lapidaries Red-tailed Bumblebee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus pascuorum Common Carder Bumblebee
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Beetles Coccinella septempunctata 7 Spot Ladybird Beetles Harmonia axyridis Harlequin Ladybird Beetles Oedemera nobilis Swollen-thighed Beetle Birds Alauda arvensis Skylark Birds Fringilla coelebs Chaffinch
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Appendix 6– species recorded in field 212
Flora Taxon Group Latin Common Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus myosuroides Black-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Avena fatua Wild-oat Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Cornus sanguinea Dogwood Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Epilobium ciliatum American Willowherb Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Geranium robertianum Herb-Robert Wildflowers Geum urbanum Wood Avens Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Lepidium coronopus Swinecress Wildflowers Persicaria maculosa Redshank Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Rhinanthus minor Yellow-rattle Wildflowers Rumex crispus Curled Dock Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Torilis japonica Upright Hedge-parsley Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Veronica arvensis Wall Speedwell
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Wildflowers Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell Wildflowers Veronica persica Common Field-speedwell Ferns & Horsetails Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail
Fauna Taxon Group Latin Common Birds Emberiza citrinella Yellowhammer Butterflies Gonepteryx rhamni Brimstone Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Ochlodes sylvanus Large Skipper Butterflies Ochlodes sylvanus Large Skipper Flies, Gnats and Midges Scathophaga stercoraria Yellow Dung Fly Grasshoppers & Crickets Velia sp. Water Cricket Moths Camptogramma bilineata Yellow Shell Moths Oligia fasciuncula Middle-barred Minor Moths Tyria jacobaeae Cinnabar Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Agelena labyrinthica
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Appendix 7 – species recorded in field 213
Flora Taxon Group Latin Common Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Festuca rubra Red Fescue Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Hordeum secalinum Meadow Barley Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Matricaria chamomilla Scented Mayweed Wildflowers Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Ferns & Horsetails Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail
Fauna Taxon Group Latin Common Birds Sylvia atricapilla Blackcap
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Appendix 8 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey field 215
Flora Taxon Group Latin Common Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Wildflowers Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Ferns & Horsetails Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail
Fauna Taxon Group Latin Common Birds Sylvia communis Whitethroat
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Appendix 9 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey field 217
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis capillaris Common Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Juncus effuses Soft-rush Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Juncus inflexus Hard Rush Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ligustrum vulgare Wild Privet Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Malus sylvestris Crab Apple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Ferns & Horsetails Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail Wildflowers Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain Wildflowers Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil Wildflowers Prunella vulgaris Selfheal Wildflowers Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel Wildflowers Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock Wildflowers Sanguisorba officinalis Great Burnet Wildflowers Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet Wildflowers Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow-thistle Wildflowers Stellaria graminea Lesser Stitchwort
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Wildflowers Trifolium dubium Lesser Trefoil Wildflowers Trifolium pratense Red Clover Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover
Fauna Beetles Grammoptera ruficornis Beetles Phyllobius roboretanus Beetles Tytthaspis sedecimpunctata 16 Spot Ladybird Birds Phasianus colchicus Pheasant Birds Turdus merula Blackbird Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Craneflies Tipula fascipennis Flies, Gnats and Midges Eudasyphora cyanella Hoverflies Chrysotoxum bicinctum Hoverflies Eumerus sp. Mammals Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit Moths Anthophila fabriciana Nettle-tap Sawflies Calameuta filiformis Reed Stem Borer Sawflies Cephus pygmeus Wheat Stem Borer Sawflies Cephus spinipes
Fungi Fungi Auricularia auricula-judae Jelly Ear Fungus Lichens Xanthoria parietina
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Appendix 10 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey field 301
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg. Wildflowers Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Dioscorea communis Black Bryony Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Malva sylvestris Common Mallow Wildflowers Matricaria chamomilla Scented Mayweed Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow-thistle Wildflowers Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Trifolium pratense Red Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Apis mellifera Honey Bee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus pascuorum Common Carder Bumblebee Beetles Coccinella septempunctata 7 Spot Ladybird Beetles Harmonia axyridis Harlequin Ladybird Beetles Malachius bipustulatus Common Malachite Beetle
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Beetles Phyllobius pomaceus Nettle Weevil Beetles Propylea quattuordecimpunctata 14 Spot ladybird Birds Phylloscopus collybita Chiffchaff Birds Sylvia communis Whitethroat Birds Turdus merula Blackbird Bugs Deraeocoris flavilinea Bugs Heterogaster urticae Nettle Groundbug Bugs Palomena prasina Green Shieldbug Bugs Tetraneura ulmi Fig Gall Butterflies Vanessa cardui Painted Lady Craneflies Dictenidia bimaculata Craneflies Tipula fascipennis Dragonflies and Damselflies Coenagrion puella Azure Damselfly Flies, Gnats and Midges Empis livida Flies, Gnats and Midges Empis tessellata Flies, Gnats and Midges Poecilobothrus nobilitatus Flies, Gnats and Midges Scathophaga stercoraria Yellow Dung Fly Grasshoppers & Crickets Leptophyes punctatissima Speckled Bush-cricket Hoverflies Chrysotoxum verralli Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Hoverflies Sphaerophoria scripta Long Hoverfly Hoverflies Syrphus vitripennis Hoverflies Volucella bombylans Moths Aethes beatricella Hemlock Yellow Conch Moths Anthophila fabriciana Nettle-tap Moths Celypha lacunana Common Marble Moths Hedya nubiferana Marbled Orchard Tortrix Moths Pseudargyrotoza conwagana Yellow-spot Twist Slugs & Snails Arion subfuscus Dusky Slug Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria campestricola Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria myriadeum Red Pustule Gall Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Enoplognatha ovata Comb-footed Spider Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Tetragnatha extensa
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Appendix 11 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey field 302 Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Corylus avellana Hazel Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg. Wildflowers Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard Wildflowers Stellaria media Common Chickweed Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
Fauna Beetles Cantharis livida Beetles Oedemera nobilis Swollen -thighed Beetle Beetles Propylea quattuordecimpunctata 14 Spot ladybird Birds Corvus corone Carrion Crow Birds Hirundo rustica Swallow Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly
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Appendix 12 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey field 305 Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Juncus effusus Soft-rush Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Juncus inflexus Hard Rush Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Aesculus carnea Red-horse Chestnut Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Aesculus hippocastanum Horse-chestnut Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Corylus avellana Hazel Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix fragilis Crack-willow Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Tilia cordata Small-leaved Lime Wildflowers Achillea millefolium Yarrow Wildflowers Ballota nigra Black Horehound Wildflowers Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Lotus corniculatus Common Bird's-foot-trefoil Wildflowers Pimpinella saxifraga Burnet-saxifrage Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil Wildflowers Prunella vulgaris Selfheal Wildflowers Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Stellaria media Common Chickweed Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Trifolium pratense Red Clover Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover
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Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Veronica beccabunga Brooklime Wildflowers Veronica catenata Pink Water-speedwell
Fauna Amphibians Rana temporaria Common Frog Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus pascuorum Common Carder Bumblebee Beetles Coccinella septempunctata 7 Spot Ladybird Beetles Rhagonycha fulva Common Red Soldier Beetle Birds Columba palumbus Wood Pigeon Birds Corvus corone Carrion Crow Birds Emberiza citrinella Yellowhammer Birds Passer domesticus House Sparrow Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Pieris brassicae Large White Butterflies Pieris rapae Small White Butterflies Pyronia tithonus Gatekeeper Butterflies Vanessa atalanta Red Admiral Flies, Gnats and Midges Eriothrix rufomaculata Flies, Gnats and Midges Mesembrina meridiana Noon Fly Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Juncus effusus Soft-rush Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Juncus inflexus Hard Rush Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix fragilis Crack-willow Wildflowers Veronica beccabunga Brooklime Wildflowers Veronica catenata Pink Water-Speedwell Birds Fringilla coelebs Chaffinch Grasshoppers & Crickets Chorthippus albomarginatus Lesser Marsh Grasshopper Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Eriophyes tiliae Nail Gall
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Appendix 13 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey field 308 Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerate Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Hordeum secalinum Meadow Barley Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa pratensis Smooth Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Aesculus hippocastanum Horse-chestnut Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Malus sp. Crab Apple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Cornus sanguinea Dogwood Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Corylus avellane Hazel Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ligustrum vulgare Wild Privet Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus sp. Copper Beech (planted) Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Tilia platyphyllos x cordata = T. x europaea Common Lime Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg. Wildflowers Anthriscus Sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's-purse Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Malva Sylvestris Common Mallow Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock Wildflowers Scorzoneroides autumnalis Autumn Hawkbit Wildflowers Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort Wildflowers Stellaria media Common Chickweed Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Torilis japonica Upright Hedge-parsley Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
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Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Lasius niger Small Black Ant Beetles Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata 22 Spot Ladybird Beetles Rhagonycha fulva Common Red Soldier Beetle Birds Erithacus rubecula Robin Bugs Deraeocoris ruber Red Bug Bugs Heterotoma planicornis Bugs Himacerus apterus Tree Damsel Bug Bugs Liocoris tripustulatus Bugs Lygocoris pabulinus Common Green Capsid Bugs Palomena prasina Green Shieldbug Bugs Philaenus spumarius Common Froghopper Butterflies Aglais io Peacock Butterflies Pyronia Tithonus Gatekeeper Centipedes & Millipedes Tachypodoiulus niger White-legged Snake Millipede Flies, Gnats and Midges Chrysops caecutiens Splayed Deerfly Flies, Gnats and Midges Scathophaga stercoraria Yellow Dung Fly Grasshoppers & Crickets Leptophyes punctatissima Speckled Bush-cricket Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Hoverflies Melanostoma scalare Chequered Hoverfly Moths Cameraria ohridella Horse-chestnut Leaf Miner Moths Chrysoteuchia culmella Garden Grass-veneer Moths Stigmella aurella agg. Golden Pigmy agg. Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Agelena labyrinthica Woodlice, Crustaceans Platyarthrus hoffmannseggi Ant Woodlouse Woodlice, Crustaceans Porcellio scaber Common Rough Woodlouse
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Appendix 14 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey Gravel Pits Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis capillaris Common Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Carex hirta Hairy Sedge Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Carex spicata Spiked Sedge Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerate Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Festuca rubra Red Fescue Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Glyceria fluitans Floating Sweet-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Glyceria maxima Reed Sweet-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Juncus effuses Soft-rush Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Corylus avellane Hazel Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Malus Sylvestris Crab Apple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rhamnus cathartica Buckthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa arvensis Field-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix cinerea subsp. cinerea Grey Willow Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix fragilis Crack-willow Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg. Wildflowers Alliaria petiolate Garlic Mustard Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Galium palustre Marsh-bedstraw Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill
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Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Myosotis scorpioides Water Forget-me-not Wildflowers Potentilla anserine Silverweed Wildflowers Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil Wildflowers Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel Wildflowers Rumex crispus Curled Dock Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock Wildflowers Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort Wildflowers Stellaria graminea Lesser Stitchwort Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Vicia sativa subsp. segetalis Common Vetch
Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Lasius niger Small Black Ant Beetles Harmonia axyridis Harlequin Ladybird Beetles Hydrothassa marginella Beetles Oedemera nobilis Swollen -thighed Beetle Beetles Tytthaspis sedecimpunctata 16 Spot Ladybird Birds Buteo buteo Buzzard Birds Columba palumbus Wood Pigeon Birds Phylloscopus collybita Chiffchaff Birds Sylvia atricapilla Blackcap Birds Sylvia communis Whitethroat Birds Troglodytes troglodytes Wren Birds Turdus merula Blackbird Bugs Coreus marginatus Dock Bug Bugs Heterogaster urticae Nettle Groundbug Bugs Ischnodemus sabuleti European Chinchbug Bugs Leptopterna dolabrata Bugs Philaenus spumarius Common Froghopper Butterflies Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell Butterflies Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Thymelicus sylvestris Small Skipper Butterflies Vanessa atalanta Red Admiral Dragonflies and Damselflies Aeshna cyanea Souther Hawker Dragonfly Dragonflies and Damselflies Calopteryx splendens Banded Demoiselle Dragonflies and Damselflies Coenagrion puella Azure Damselfly Dragonflies and Damselflies Orthetrum cancellatum Black-tailed Skimmer Flies, Gnats and Midges Chloromyia formosa Broad Centurian Flies, Gnats and Midges Musca autumnalis Face Fly
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Flies, Gnats and Midges Xyphosia miliaria Grasshoppers & Crickets Conocephalus fuscus Long Winged Cone-head Grasshoppers & Crickets Metrioptera roeselii Roesel's Bush-cricket Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Hoverflies Helophilus pendulus The Footballer Hoverflies Volucella pellucens Pellucid Fly Mayflies Ephemera danica Green Drake Mayfly Moths Autographa gamma Silver Y Moths Chrysoteuchia culmella Garden Grass-veneer Moths Orgyia antiqua The Vapourer Sawflies Calameuta filiformis Reed Stem Borer Sawflies Pontania proxima Willow Redgall Sawfly Slugs & Snails Anisus leucostoma White-lipped Ramshorn Slugs & Snails Arion subfuscus Dusky Slug Slugs & Snails Succinea putris Amber Snail Slugs & Snails Zonitoides nitidus Shiny Glass Snail Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Agelena labyrinthica Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Pirata piraticus Pirate Wolf Spider Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Tetragnatha extensa
Fungi Fungi Phragmidium mucronatum Rose Rust
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Appendix 15 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey, Main Road hedges
Flora Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ligustrum vulgare Wild Privet Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Malus sp. Apple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg. Wildflowers Agrimonia eupatoria Agrimony Wildflowers Alliara petiolate Hedge Garlic Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Silene dioica Red Campion Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
Fauna Butterflies Comma butterfly caterpillars
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Appendix 16 – species recorded in Ratcliffe Culey St Saints Churchyard
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Wildflowers Galium verum Lady's Bedstraw Wildflowers Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy Wildflowers Pilosella aurantiaca Fox-and-cubs Wildflowers Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil Wildflowers Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel Wildflowers Trifolium pratense Red Clover Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell
Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus pratorum Early Bumblebee Birds Passer domesticus House Sparrow Slugs & Snails Cepaea nemoralis Brown-lipped Snail
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Appendix 17 – species recorded in Atterton field 435
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus myosuroides Black-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Wildflowers Anagallis arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel Wildflowers Atriplex patula Common Orache Wildflowers Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil Wildflowers Chenopodium album Fat-hen Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Lactuca virosa Great Lettuce Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Lepidium coronopus Swinecress Wildflowers Matricaria chamomilla Scented Mayweed Wildflowers Matricaria discoidea Pineappleweed Wildflowers Myosotis arvensis Field Forget-me-not Wildflowers Papaver rhoeas Common Poppy Wildflowers Persicaria maculosa Redshank Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Veronica persica Common Field-speedwell Wildflowers Viola arvensis Field Pansy
Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Lasius niger Small Black Ant Beetles Coccinella septempunctata 7 Spot Ladybird Beetles Oedemera nobilis Swollen-thighed Beetle Beetles Rhagonycha fulva Common Red Soldier Beetle Birds Fringilla coelebs Chaffinch Birds Sylvia atricapilla Blackcap Bugs Closterotomus norwegicus Potato Capsid Butterflies Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly
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Hoverflies Eupeodes sp. Mammals Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit Moths Autographa gamma Silver Y Moths Chrysoteuchia culmella Garden Grass-veneer
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Appendix 18 – species recorded in Atterton field 402
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis capillaris Common Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Corylus avellana Hazel Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ligustrum vulgare Wild Privet Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Malus sylvestris Crab Apple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix fragilis Crack-willow Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Taxus baccata Yew Wildflowers Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard Wildflowers Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Helminthotheca echioides Bristly Oxtongue Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Malva sylvestris Common Mallow Wildflowers Matricaria discoidea Pineappleweed Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex crispus Curled Dock Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort Wildflowers Stellaria media Common Chickweed Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover
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Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Amblyteles armatorius Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus terrestris Buff -tailed Bumblebee Birds Alauda arvensis Skylark Birds Columba palumbus Wood Pigeon Bugs Closterotomus norwegicus Potato Capsid Bugs Deraeocoris flavilinea Butterflies Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Flies, Gnats and Midges Mesembrina meridiana Noon Fly Flies, Gnats and Midges Poecilobothrus nobilitatus Flies, Gnats and Midges Scathophaga stercoraria Yellow Dung Fly Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Moths Chrysoteuchia culmella Garden Grass-veneer Slugs & Snails Arion ater agg. Slugs & Snails Arion subfuscus Dusky Slug Slugs & Snails Deroceras reticulatum Netted Slug Slugs & Snails Oxychilus alliarius Garlic Snail Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Agelena labyrinthica Woodlice, Crustaceans Oniscus asellus Common Shiny Woodlouse Woodlice, Crustaceans Philoscia muscorum Common Striped Woodlouse Woodlice, Crustaceans Porcellio scaber Common Rough Woodlouse
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Appendix 19 – species recorded in Atterton field 437
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix fragilis Crack-willow Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard Wildflowers Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's-purse Wildflowers Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Lepidium coronopus Swinecress Wildflowers Matricaria chamomilla Scented Mayweed Wildflowers Matricaria discoidea Pineappleweed Wildflowers Persicaria maculosa Redshank Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort Wildflowers Stellaria media Common Chickweed Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus lapidarius Red-tailed Bumblebee Birds Corvus monedula Jackdaw Birds Dendrocopos major Great Spotted Woodpecker Birds Turdus viscivorus Mistle Thrush Bugs Notonecta glauca Common Backswimmer Butterflies Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Pieris brassicae Large White Earwigs Forficula auricularia Common European Earwig Flies, Gnats and Midges Mesembrina meridiana Noon Fly Grasshoppers & Crickets Chorthippus albomarginatus Lesser Marsh Grasshopper Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly
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Hoverflies Eristalis tenax Common Drone Fly Moths Chrysoteuchia culmella Garden Grass-veneer Moths Lomaspilis marginata Clouded Border Slugs & Snails Monacha cantiana Kentish Garden Snail
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Appendix 20 – species recorded in Atterton field 446
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis capillaris Common Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Carex otrubae False Fox-sedge Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Corylus avellana Hazel Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ligustrum vulgare Wild Privet Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Malus sylvestris Crab Apple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg. Wildflowers Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's-purse Wildflowers Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Geranium molle Dove's-foot Crane's-bill Wildflowers Geum urbanum Wood Avens Wildflowers Iris pseudacorus Yellow Iris Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Malva sylvestris Common Mallow Wildflowers Matricaria chamomilla Scented Mayweed Wildflowers Matricaria discoidea Pineappleweed Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Ranunculus sceleratus Celery-leaved Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex crispus Curled Dock
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Wildflowers Scorzoneroides autumnalis Autumn Hawkbit Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow-thistle Wildflowers Stellaria media Common Chickweed Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell
Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Apis mellifera Honey Bee Beetles Coccinella septempunctata 7 Spot Ladybird Beetles Harmonia axyridis Harlequin Ladybird Beetles Pterostichus madidus Black Clock Beetle Beetles Rhagonycha fulva Common Red Soldier Beetle Birds Buteo buteo Buzzard Birds Dendrocopos major Great Spotted Woodpecker Birds Fringilla coelebs Chaffinch Birds Gallinula chloropus Moorhen Birds Passer domesticus House Sparrow Birds Pica pica Magpie Bugs Deraeocoris flavilinea Bugs Heterogaster urticae Nettle Groundbug Butterflies Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell Butterflies Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Dragonflies and Damselfies Aeshna cyanea Southern Hawker Flies, Gnats and Midges Empis livida Flies, Gnats and Midges Poecilobothrus nobilitatus Flies, Gnats and Midges Scathophaga stercoraria Yellow Dung Fly Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Hoverflies Scaeva pyrastri Pied Hoverfly Hoverflies Sphaerophoria scripta Long Hoverfly Mammals Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit Slugs & Snails Arion subfuscus Dusky Slug Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Enoplognatha ovata Comb-footed Spider Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Tetragnatha extensa Woodlice, Crustaceans Armadillidium vulgare Pill Woodlouse Woodlice, Crustaceans Oniscus asellus Common Shiny Woodlouse
Fungi Fungi Entomophthora muscae Fungi Puccinia punctiformis Creeping Thistle Rust
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Appendix 21 – species recorded in Atterton field 401
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ligustrum vulgare Wild Privet Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Populus alba x tremula = P. x canescens Grey Poplar Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix fragilis Crack-willow Wildflowers Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Wildflowers Cerastium glomeratum Sticky Mouse-ear Wildflowers Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Matricaria discoidea Pineappleweed Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Potentilla anserina Silverweed Wildflowers Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil Wildflowers Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex crispus Curled Dock Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock Wildflowers Torilis japonica Upright Hedge-parsley Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
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Fauna Birds Corvus corax Raven Birds Turdus merula Blackbird Butterflies Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Mammals Talpa europaea Mole Moths Chrysoteuchia culmella Garden Grass-veneer Sawflies Pontania proxima Willow Redgall Sawfly
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Appendix 22 – species recorded in Atterton field 434
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Cornus sanguinea Dogwood Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix fragilis Crack-willow Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard Wildflowers Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
Fauna Birds Columba palumbus Wood Pigeon Birds Cyanistes caeruleus Blue Tit Birds Hirundo rustica Swallow Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Mammals Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit Moths Camptogramma bilineata Yellow Shell Slugs & Snails Deroceras reticulatum Netted Slug Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Pisaura mirabilis Nursery Web Spider
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Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Tetragnatha extensa
Fungi Fungi Trametes versicolor Turkeytail
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Appendix 23a – species recorded in Atterton, Upton Road hedges
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Calystegia silvatica Large Bindweed Wildflowers Centaurea nigra Common Knapweed Wildflowers Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Dioscorea communis Black Bryony Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling Wildflowers Medicago lupulina Black Medick Wildflowers Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort
Fauna Birds Carduelis carduelis Goldfinch Birds Emberiza citrinella Yellowhammer Butterflies Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Butterflies Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Pieris brassicae Large White Butterflies Thymelicus sylvestris Small Skipper Butterflies Vanessa atalanta Red Admiral Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria macrochela Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria myriadeum Red Pustule Gall
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Appendix 23b – species recorded in Atterton, A444 verge
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Wildflowers Centaurea nigra Common Knapweed Wildflowers Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling Wildflowers Lotus corniculatus Common Bird's-foot-trefoil Wildflowers Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain Wildflowers Tragopogon pratensis Goat's-beard Wildflowers Trifolium pratense Red Clover Wildflowers Vicia sativa subsp. segetalis Common Vetch
Fauna Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Polygonia c-album Comma Butterflies Thymelicus sylvestris Small Skipper Moths Tyria jacobaeae Cinnabar Narrow-bordered Five-Spot Burnet Moths Zygaena lonicerae Moth
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Appendix 24 – species recorded in Atterton, Atterton Lane hedges
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromopsis ramosa Hairy-brome Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Aesculus hippocastanum Horse-chestnut Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Alnus glutinosa Alder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Corylus avellana Hazel Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ilex aquifolium Holly Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ligustrum vulgare Wild Privet Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix alba x babylonica = S. x sepulcralis agg. Weeping Willow agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Syringa vulgaris Lilac Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg. Wildflowers Dioscorea communis Black Bryony Wildflowers Apium nodiflorum Fool's Water-cress Wildflowers Tanacetum parthenium Feverfew
Fauna Birds Dendrocopos major Great Spotted Woodpecker Butterflies Pararge aegeria Speckled Wood Hoverflies Baccha elongata Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Moths Anthophila fabriciana Nettle-tap Moths Pleuroptya ruralis Mother Of Pearl Slugs & Snails Potamopyrgus antipodarum Jenkins' Spire Snail Slugs & Snails Radix balthica Wandering Pond Snail
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Appendix 25 – species recorded in Fenny Drayton Churchyard
Flora Ferns & Horsetails Dryopteris filix-mas Male-fern Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis capillaris Common Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Festuca rubra Red Fescue Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Hordeum murinum Wall Barley Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Mosses & Liverworts Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Springy Turf-moss Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Betula pendula Silver Birch Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ilex aquifolium Holly Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sorbus aucuparia Rowan Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Taxus baccata Yew Wildflowers Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard Wildflowers Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Ballota nigra Black Horehound Wildflowers Bellis perennis Daisy Wildflowers Bryonia dioica White Bryony Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Epilobium montanum Broad-leaved Willowherb Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Geranium robertianum Herb-Robert Wildflowers Geum urbanum Wood Avens Wildflowers Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy Wildflowers Hypochaeris radicata Common Cat's-ear Wildflowers Iris foetidissima Stinking Iris Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Linaria purpurea Purple Toadflax Wildflowers Malva sylvestris Common Mallow Wildflowers Oxalis articulata Pink-sorrel Wildflowers Oxalis exilis Least Yellow-sorrel Wildflowers Papaver somniferum Opium Poppy Wildflowers Pilosella aurantiaca Fox-and-cubs Wildflowers Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain
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Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Prunella vulgaris Selfheal Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Sagina procumbens Procumbent Pearlwort Wildflowers Scorzoneroides autumnalis Autumn Hawkbit Wildflowers Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort Wildflowers Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard Wildflowers Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow-thistle Wildflowers Stellaria media Common Chickweed Wildflowers Tanacetum parthenium Feverfew Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Trifolium pratense Red Clover Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Apis mellifera Honey Bee Bees, Wasps, Ants Myrmica ruginodis Beetles Coccinella septempunctata 7 Spot Ladybird Birds Carduelis carduelis Goldfinch Birds Corvus monedula Jackdaw Birds Cyanistes caeruleus Blue Tit Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Slugs & Snails Aegopinella nitidula Smooth Glass Snail Slugs & Snails Deroceras invadens Chestnut Slug Slugs & Snails Oxychilus alliarius Garlic Snail Woodlice, Crustaceans Oniscus asellus Common Shiny Woodlouse Woodlice, Crustaceans Philoscia muscorum Common Striped Woodlouse Woodlice, Crustaceans Porcellio scaber Common Rough Woodlouse
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Appendix 26 – species recorded in Fenny Drayton field 501
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Bryonia dioica White Bryony Wildflowers Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's-purse Wildflowers Chenopodium album Fat-hen Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Conium maculatum Hemlock Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Matricaria chamomilla Scented Mayweed Wildflowers Myosotis arvensis Field Forget-me-not Wildflowers Nasturtium microphyllum Narrow-fruited Water-cress Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Senecio vulgaris Common Groundsel Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow-thistle Wildflowers Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
Fauna Beetles Coccinella septempunctata 7 Spot Ladybird Beetles Rhagonycha fulva Common Red Soldier Beetle Birds Alauda arvensis Skylark Birds Emberiza citrinella Yellowhammer Bugs Closterotomus norwegicus Potato Capsid Butterflies Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell Butterflies Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Pieris rapae Small White Flies, Gnats and Midges Urophora stylata
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Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Hoverflies Eristalinus sepulchralis Hoverflies Eristalis pertinax Tapered Drone Fly Hoverflies Eupeodes corollae Migrant Hoverfly Hoverflies Eupeodes luniger Hoverflies Sphaerophoria scripta Long Hoverfly Mammals Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit
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Appendix 27 – species recorded in Fenny Drayton field 505a
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis capillaris Common Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus myosuroides Black-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Arctium minus Lesser Burdock Wildflowers Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Geum urbanum Wood Avens Wildflowers Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy Wildflowers Hypochaeris radicata Common Cat's-ear Wildflowers Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain Wildflowers Rumex crispus Curled Dock Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort Wildflowers Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard Wildflowers Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet Wildflowers Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow-thistle Wildflowers Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell
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Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Apis mellifera Honey Bee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus terrestris Buff-tailed Bumblebee Bees, Wasps, Ants Diplolepis eglanteriae/nervosa Smooth Pea Gall Wasp Beetles Harmonia axyridis Harlequin Ladybird Beetles Rhagonycha fulva Common Red Soldier Beetle Birds Columba palumbus Wood Pigeon Birds Passer domesticus House Sparrow Birds Pica pica Magpie Birds Turdus merula Blackbird Bugs Heterotoma planicornis Bugs Philaenus spumarius Common Froghopper Butterflies Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell Butterflies Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Pieris napi Green-veined White Butterflies Pyronia tithonus Gatekeeper Craneflies Nephrotoma flavescens Tiger Cranefly Grasshoppers & Crickets Chorthippus albomarginatus Lesser Marsh Grasshopper Grasshoppers & Crickets Chorthippus parallelus Meadow Grasshopper Grasshoppers & Crickets Leptophyes punctatissima Speckled Bush-cricket Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Hoverflies Volucella pellucens Pellucid Fly Moths Spilonota ocellana Bud Moth Moths Tyria jacobaeae Cinnabar
Fungi Lichens Parmelia sulcata Hammered Shield Lichen
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Appendix 28 – species recorded in Fenny Drayton field 507
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus myosuroides Black-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Wildflowers Anagallis arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel Wildflowers Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Arctium minus Lesser Burdock Wildflowers Armoracia rusticana Horse-radish Wildflowers Atriplex patula Common Orache Wildflowers Borago officinalis Borage Wildflowers Bryonia dioica White Bryony Wildflowers Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's-purse Wildflowers Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil Wildflowers Chenopodium album Fat-hen Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Epilobium ciliatum American Willowherb Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Geum urbanum Wood Avens Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Matricaria chamomilla Scented Mayweed Wildflowers Matricaria discoidea Pineappleweed Wildflowers Myosotis arvensis Field Forget-me-not Wildflowers Papaver rhoeas Common Poppy Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Scorzoneroides autumnalis Autumn Hawkbit Wildflowers Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort Wildflowers Senecio vulgaris Common Groundsel Wildflowers Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow-thistle Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x Wildflowers uplandicum Russian Comfrey agg. Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg.
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Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Veronica persica Common Field-speedwell
Fauna Beetles Coccinella septempunctata 7 Spot Ladybird Beetles Rhagonycha fulva Common Red Soldier Beetle Birds Carduelis carduelis Goldfinch Birds Turdus merula Blackbird Bugs Aphrophora alni Alder Spittlebug Butterflies Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Pieris napi Green-veined White Butterflies Pieris rapae Small White Butterflies Pyronia tithonus Gatekeeper Craneflies Nephrotoma flavescens Tiger Cranefly Dragonflies and Damselflies Calopteryx splendens Banded Demoiselle Grasshoppers & Crickets Chorthippus brunneus Common Field Grasshopper Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Hoverflies Sphaerophoria scripta Long Hoverfly Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria campestricola Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Pisaura mirabilis Nursery Web Spider
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Appendix 29 – species recorded in Fenny Drayton, Fenn Lane hedges
Flora Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Corylus avellana Hazel Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ilex aquifolium Holly Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ligustrum vulgare Wild Privet Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Lonicera periclymenum Honeysuckle Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg. Wildflowers Achillea millefolium Yarrow Wildflowers Agrimonia eupatoria Agrimony Wildflowers Centaurea nigra Common Knapweed Wildflowers Cichorium intybus Chicory Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet Wildflowers Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling Wildflowers Pimpinella major Greater Burnet-saxifrage Wildflowers Sanguisorba officinalis Great Burnet Wildflowers Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch Wildflowers Vicia hirsute Hairy Tare
Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Megachile centuncularis Grasshoppers & Crickets Leptophyes punctatissima Speckled Bush-cricket Hoverflies Eristalinus sepulchralis Moths Autographa gamma Silver Y
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Appendix 30 – species recorded in Fenny Drayton, Drayton Lane hedges
Flora Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus avium Wild Cherry Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Quercus robur English Oak Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix fragilis Crack-willow, Sallow Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg.
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Appendix 31 – species recorded in Witherley field 602
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus mollis Creeping Soft-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Hordeum murinum Wall Barley Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg. Wildflowers Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Matricaria chamomilla Scented Mayweed Wildflowers Matricaria discoidea Pineappleweed Wildflowers Papaver rhoeas Common Poppy Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard Wildflowers Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
Fauna Birds Columba palumbus Wood Pigeon Butterflies Pieris napi Green-veined White Butterflies Pyronia Tithonus Gatekeeper Butterflies Thymelicus sylvestris Small Skipper Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria campestricola Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria cephalonea Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Agelena labyrinthica
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Appendix 32 – species recorded in Witherley field 603, Cottager’s Piece
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerate Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Glyceria maxima Reed Sweet-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Hordeum murinum Wall Barley Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Juncus effuses Soft-rush Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa pratensis Smooth Meadow-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Schoenoplectus lacustris Common Club-rush Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Sparganium emersum Unbranched Bur-reed Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ilex aquifolium Holly Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Achillea millefolium Yarrow Wildflowers Apium nodiflorum Fool's Water-cress Wildflowers Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's-purse Wildflowers Cardamine flexuosa Wavy Bitter-cress Wildflowers Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Hypochaeris radicata Common Cat's-ear Wildflowers Lycopus europaeus Gypsywort Wildflowers Lythrum salicaria Purple-loosestrife Wildflowers Matricaria discoidea Pineappleweed Wildflowers Myosotis scorpioides Water Forget-me-not Wildflowers Persicaria amphibia Amphibious Bistort Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Prunella vulgaris Selfheal Wildflowers Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup
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Wildflowers Ranunculus sceleratus Celery-leaved Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock Wildflowers Scrophularia auriculata Water Figwort Wildflowers Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort Wildflowers Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Trifolium dubium Lesser Trefoil Wildflowers Trifolium pratense Red Clover Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Veronica arvensis Wall Speedwell Wildflowers Dipsacus fullonum Wild Teasel Wildflowers Sagittaria sagittifolia Arrowhead
Fauna Amphibians Rana temporaria Common Frog Birds Buteo buteo Buzzard Birds Dendrocopos major Great Spotted Woodpecker Birds Hirundo rustica Swallow Birds Pica pica Magpie Bugs Cicadella viridis Green Leaf-hopper Butterflies Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Pieris rapae Small White Butterflies Pyronia tithonus Gatekeeper Butterflies Thymelicus sylvestris Small Skipper Dragonflies and Damselflies Coenagrion puella Azure Damselfly Dragonflies and Damselflies Ischnura elegans Blue-tailed Damselfly Dragonflies and Damselflies Sympetrum sanguineum Ruddy Darter Dragonflies and Damselflies Calopteryx splendens Banded Demoiselle Grasshoppers & Crickets Chorthippus brunneus Common Field Grasshopper Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Hoverflies Helophilus pendulus The Footballer Mammals Talpa europaea Mole Sawflies Selandria serva Slugs & Snails Succinea putris Amber Snail
Fungi Lichens Lecanora chlarotera Lichens Lecanora muralis Chewing Gum Lichen Lichens Lecidella elaeochroma Lichens Physcia adscendens Lichens Physcia caesia Lichens Xanthoria parietina
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Appendix 33 – species recorded in Witherley fields 608/9
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis capillaris Common Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerate Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Hordeum murinum Wall Barley Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Alnus glutinosa Alder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Corylus avellane Hazel Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ilex aquifolium Holly Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ligustrum vulgare Wild Privet Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sorbus aucuparia Rowan Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg. Wildflowers Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Bryonia dioica White Bryony Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Pentaglottis sempervirens Green Alkanet Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort Wildflowers Stellaria media Common Chickweed Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Torilis japonica Upright Hedge-parsley
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Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle
Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Apis mellifera Honey Bee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus lapidarius Red-tailed Bumblebee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus pascuorum Common Carder Bumblebee Bees, Wasps, Ants Myrmica rubra Common Red Ant Beetles Coccinella septempunctata 7 Spot Ladybird Beetles Harmonia axyridis Harlequin Ladybird Beetles Rhagonycha fulva Common Red Soldier Beetle Birds Columba palumbus Wood Pigeon Birds Corvus corone Carrion Crow Birds Dendrocopos major Great Spotted Woodpecker Birds Emberiza citrinella Yellowhammer Birds Hirundo rustica Swallow Birds Passer domesticus House Sparrow Bugs Apolygus spinolae Bugs Closterotomus norwegicus Potato Capsid Bugs Deraeocoris ruber Red Bug Butterflies Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell Butterflies Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Pieris napi Green-veined White Butterflies Polygonia c-album Comma Butterflies Pyronia tithonus Gatekeeper Flies, Gnats and Midges Empis livida Flies, Gnats and Midges Eriothrix rufomaculata Flies, Gnats and Midges Mesembrina meridiana Noon Fly Flies, Gnats and Midges Musca autumnalis Face Fly Flies, Gnats and Midges Scathophaga stercoraria Yellow Dung Fly Hoverflies Chrysotoxum bicinctum Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Hoverflies Sphaerophoria scripta Long Hoverfly Hoverflies Syritta pipiens Thick-legged Hoverfly Mammals Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit Mammals Talpa europaea Mole Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Acalitus brevitarsus
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Appendix 34 – species recorded in Witherley field 636
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Glyceria fluitans Floating Sweet-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Hordeum secalinum Meadow Barley Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Juncus effusus Soft-rush Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Schedonorus pratensis Meadow Fescue Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Alnus glutinosa Alder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix cinerea subsp. cinerea Grey Willow Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix fragilis Crack-willow Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Apium nodiflorum Fool's Water-cress Wildflowers Calystegia silvatica Large Bindweed Wildflowers Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Hypericum perforatum Perforate St John's-wort Wildflowers Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling Wildflowers Lepidium coronopus Swinecress Wildflowers Lotus pedunculatus Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil Wildflowers Matricaria discoidea Pineappleweed Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel Wildflowers Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Vicia sativa subsp. segetalis Common Vetch
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Wildflowers Veronica beccabunga Brooklime
Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Diphyus quadripunctorius Bees, Wasps, Ants Lasius niger Small Black Ant Beetles Rhagonycha fulva Common Red Soldier Beetle Birds Corvus monedula Jackdaw Birds Cyanistes caeruleus Blue Tit Birds Fringilla coelebs Chaffinch Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Pieris napi Green-veined White Butterflies Pieris rapae Small White Butterflies Polygonia c-album Comma Butterflies Pyronia tithonus Gatekeeper Butterflies Vanessa atalanta Red Admiral Dragonflies and Damselflies Calopteryx splendens Banded Demoiselle Fish Gasterosteus aculeatus Three-spined Stickleback Flies, Gnats and Midges Poecilobothrus nobilitatus Grasshoppers & Crickets Chorthippus albomarginatus Lesser Marsh Grasshopper Grasshoppers & Crickets Chorthippus parallelus Meadow Grasshopper Hoverflies Volucella pellucens Pellucid Fly Hoverflies Myathropa florea Hoverflies Eristalis tenax Common Drone Fly Moths Crambus pascuella Inlaid Grass-veneer Sawflies Pontania proxima Willow Redgall Sawfly Slugs & Snails Arion subfuscus Dusky Slug Slugs & Snails Radix balthica Wandering Pond Snail Woodlice, Crustaceans Porcellio scaber Common Rough Woodlouse
Fungi Fungi Diatrypella quercina
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Appendix 35 – species recorded in Witherley field 730
Flora Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis capillaris Common Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus myosuroides Black-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerate Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Glyceria maxima Reed Sweet-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Corylus avellane Hazel Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Wildflowers Alliaria petiolate Garlic Mustard Wildflowers Atriplex patula Common Orache Wildflowers Calystegia sylvatica Large Bindweed Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Epilobium ciliatum American Willowherb Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Persicaria maculosa Redshank Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Wildflowers Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort Wildflowers Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover
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Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Veronica beccabunga Brooklime Wildflowers Veronica persica Common Field-speedwell
Fauna Bees, Wasps, Ants Apis mellifera Honey Bee Beetles Rhagonycha fulva Common Red Soldier Beetle Birds Alauda arvensis Skylark Birds Columba palumbus Wood Pigeon Birds Passer domesticus House Sparrow Birds Pica pica Magpie Birds Troglodytes troglodytes Wren Birds Turdus merula Blackbird Butterflies Aglais io Peacock Dragonflies and Damselflies Calopteryx splendens Banded Demoiselle Flies, Gnats and Midges Scathophaga stercoraria Yellow Dung Fly Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly
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Appendix 36 – species recorded in Witherley, Atterton Road hedges
Flora Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Cornus sanguinea Dogwood Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Corylus avellane Hazel Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ilex aquifolium Holly Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ligustrum vulgare Wild Privet Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Lonicera periclymenum Honeysuckle Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Tilia platyphyllos x cordata = T. x europaea Common Lime Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg. Wildflowers Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet
Fauna Beetles Propylea quattuordecimpunctata 14 Spot ladybird Sawflies Athalia rosae Turnip Sawfly
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Appendix 37 – list of all species recorded by this survey
Flora Ferns & Horsetails Dryopteris filix-mas Male-fern Ferns & Horsetails Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis capillaris Common Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus myosuroides Black-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Avena fatua Wild-oat Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Bromopsis ramosa Hairy-brome Bromus hordeaceus subsp. Grasses, Rushes & Sedges hordeaceus Common Soft-brome Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Carex hirta Hairy Sedge Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Carex otrubae False Fox-sedge Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Carex spicata Spiked Sedge Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elymus caninus Bearded Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Elytrigia repens Common Couch Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Festuca rubra Red Fescue Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Glyceria fluitans Floating Sweet-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Glyceria maxima Reed Sweet-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Holcus mollis Creeping Soft-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Hordeum murinum Wall Barley Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Hordeum secalinum Meadow Barley Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Juncus effusus Soft-rush Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Juncus inflexus Hard Rush Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phleum pratense Timothy Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Phragmites australis Common Reed Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa pratensis Smooth Meadow-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Schedonorus pratensis Meadow Fescue Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Schoenoplectus lacustris Common Club-rush Grasses, Rushes & Sedges Sparganium emersum Unbranched Bur-reed
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Mosses & Liverworts Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Springy Turf-moss Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer campestre Field Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer platanoides Norway Maple Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Aesculus carnea Red Horse-chestnut Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Aesculus hippocastanum Horse-chestnut Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Alnus glutinosa Alder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Betula pendula Silver Birch Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Cornus sanguinea Dogwood Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Corylus avellane Hazel Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Fraxinus excelsior Ash Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Hedera helix Ivy Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ilex aquifolium Holly Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Juglans regia Walnut Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ligustrum vulgare Wild Privet Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Lonicera periclymenum Honeysuckle Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Malus Sylvestris Crab Apple Populus alba x tremula = P. x Trees, Shrubs & Climbers canescens Grey Poplar Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus avium Wild Cherry Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Prunus sp. Copper Beech Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rhamnus cathartica Buckthorn Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa arvensis Field-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rosa canina Dog-rose Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble agg. Salix alba x babylonica = S. x Trees, Shrubs & Climbers sepulcralis agg. Weeping Willow agg. Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix cinerea subsp. Cinereal Grey Willow Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Salix fragilis Crack-willow Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sambucus nigra Elder Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Sorbus aucuparia Rowan Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Syringa vulgaris Lilac Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Taxus baccata Yew Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Tilia cordata Small-leaved Lime Tilia platyphyllos x cordata = T. x Trees, Shrubs & Climbers europaea Common Lime Trees, Shrubs & Climbers Ulmus agg. Elm agg. Wildflowers Achillea millefolium Yarrow Wildflowers Agrimonia eupatoria Agrimony Wildflowers Alisma plantago-aquatica Common Water-plantain Wildflowers Alliaria petiolate Garlic Mustard
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Wildflowers Anagallis arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel Wildflowers Angelica sylvestris Wild Angelica Wildflowers Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley Wildflowers Apium nodiflorum Fool's Water-cress Wildflowers Arctium minus Lesser Burdock Wildflowers Armoracia rusticana Horse-radish Wildflowers Atriplex patula Common Orache Wildflowers Ballota nigra Black Horehound Wildflowers Bellis perennis Daisy Wildflowers Borago officinalis Borage Wildflowers Bryonia dioica White Bryony Wildflowers Calystegia silvatica Large Bindweed Wildflowers Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's-purse Wildflowers Cardamine flexuosa Wavy Bitter-cress Wildflowers Centaurea nigra Common Knapweed Wildflowers Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Wildflowers Cerastium glomeratum Sticky Mouse-ear Wildflowers Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil Wildflowers Chenopodium album Fat-hen Wildflowers Cichorium intybus Chicory Wildflowers Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle Wildflowers Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Wildflowers Conium maculatum Hemlock Wildflowers Dioscorea communis Black Bryony Wildflowers Dipsacus fullonum Wild Teasel Wildflowers Epilobium ciliatum American Willowherb Wildflowers Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb Wildflowers Epilobium montanum Broad-leaved Willowherb Wildflowers Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet Wildflowers Galium aparine Cleavers Wildflowers Galium palustre Marsh-bedstraw Wildflowers Galium verum Lady's Bedstraw Wildflowers Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Wildflowers Geranium molle Dove's-foot Crane's-bill Wildflowers Geranium robertianum Herb-Robert Wildflowers Geum urbanum Wood Avens Wildflowers Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy Wildflowers Helminthotheca echioides Bristly Oxtongue Wildflowers Heracleum mantegazzianum Giant Hogweed Wildflowers Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Wildflowers Hypericum perforatum Perforate St John's-wort Wildflowers Hypochaeris radicata Common Cat's-ear Wildflowers Iris foetidissima Stinking Iris Wildflowers Iris pseudacorus Yellow Iris
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Wildflowers Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce Wildflowers Lactuca virosa Great Lettuce Wildflowers Lamium album White Dead-nettle Wildflowers Lapsana communis Nipplewort Wildflowers Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling Wildflowers Lepidium coronopus Swinecress Wildflowers Linaria purpurea Purple Toadflax Wildflowers Lotus corniculatus Common Bird's-foot-trefoil Wildflowers Lotus pedunculatus Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil Wildflowers Lycopus europaeus Gypsywort Wildflowers Lythrum salicaria Purple-loosestrife Wildflowers Malva Sylvestris Common Mallow Wildflowers Matricaria chamomilla Scented Mayweed Wildflowers Matricaria discoidea Pineappleweed Wildflowers Medicago lupulina Black Medick Wildflowers Myosotis arvensis Field Forget-me-not Wildflowers Myosotis scorpioides Water Forget-me-not Wildflowers Nasturtium microphyllum Narrow-fruited Water-cress Wildflowers Nuphar lutea Yellow Water-lily Wildflowers Oxalis articulate Pink-sorrel Wildflowers Oxalis exilis Least Yellow-sorrel Wildflowers Papaver rhoeas Common Poppy Wildflowers Papaver somniferum Opium Poppy Wildflowers Persicaria amphibia Amphibious Bistort Wildflowers Persicaria maculosa Redshank Wildflowers Pilosella aurantiaca Fox-and-cubs Wildflowers Pimpinella major Greater Burnet-saxifrage Wildflowers Pimpinella saxifrage Burnet-saxifrage Wildflowers Plantago lanceolate Ribwort Plantain Wildflowers Plantago major Greater Plantain Wildflowers Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass Wildflowers Potentilla anserine Silverweed Wildflowers Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil Wildflowers Prunella vulgaris Selfheal Wildflowers Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup Wildflowers Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Wildflowers Ranunculus sceleratus Celery-leaved Buttercup Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. Wildflowers Raphanistrum Wild Radish Wildflowers Rhinanthus minor Yellow-rattle Wildflowers Rorippa amphibia Great Yellow-cress Wildflowers Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel Wildflowers Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock Wildflowers Rumex crispus Curled Dock Wildflowers Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock
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Wildflowers Rumex sanguineus Wood Dock Wildflowers Sagina procumbens Procumbent Pearlwort Wildflowers Sagittaria sagittifolia Arrowhead Wildflowers Sanguisorba officinalis Great Burnet Wildflowers Scorzoneroides autumnalis Autumn Hawkbit Wildflowers Scrophularia auriculata Water Figwort Wildflowers Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort Wildflowers Senecio vulgaris Common Groundsel Wildflowers Silene dioica Red Campion Wildflowers Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard Wildflowers Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet Wildflowers Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Wildflowers Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow-thistle Wildflowers Sparganium erectum Branched Bur-reed Wildflowers Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort Wildflowers Stellaria graminea Lesser Stitchwort Wildflowers Stellaria media Common Chickweed Symphytum officinale x asperum Wildflowers = S. x uplandicum Russian Comfrey agg. Wildflowers Tanacetum parthenium Feverfew Wildflowers Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion agg. Wildflowers Torilis japonica Upright Hedge-parsley Wildflowers Tragopogon pratensis Goat's-beard Wildflowers Trifolium dubium Lesser Trefoil Wildflowers Trifolium pratense Red Clover Wildflowers Trifolium repens White Clover Wildflowers Tussilago farfara Colt's-foot Wildflowers Urtica dioica Common Nettle Wildflowers Veronica arvensis Wall Speedwell Wildflowers Veronica beccabunga Brooklime Wildflowers Veronica catenata Pink Water-Speedwell Wildflowers Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell Wildflowers Veronica persica Common Field-speedwell Wildflowers Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch Wildflowers Vicia hirsute Hairy Tare Wildflowers Vicia sativa subsp. segetalis Common Vetch Wildflowers Viola arvensis Field Pansy
Fauna Amphibians Rana temporaria Common Frog Bees, Wasps, Ants Amblyteles armatorius Bees, Wasps, Ants Apis mellifera Honey Bee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus hypnorum Tree Bumblebee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus lapidarius Red-tailed Bumblebee
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Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus pascuorum Common Carder Bumblebee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus pratorum Early Bumblebee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus terrestris Buff-tailed Bumblebee Bees, Wasps, Ants Bombus vestalis Vestal Cuckoo Bumblebee Bees, Wasps, Ants Diphyus quadripunctorius Bees, Wasps, Ants Diplolepis eglanteriae/nervosa Smooth Pea Gall Wasp Bees, Wasps, Ants Lasius flavus Yellow Meadow Ant Bees, Wasps, Ants Lasius niger Small Black Ant Bees, Wasps, Ants Megachile centuncularis Bees, Wasps, Ants Myrmica ruginodis Bees, Wasps, Ants Volucella bombylans Bumblebee Hoverfly Beetles Anthrenus verbasci Varied Carpet Beetle Beetles Cantharis livida Beetles Cantharis rufa Beetles Coccinella septempunctata 7 Spot Ladybird Beetles Gastrophysa viridula Green Dock Beetle Beetles Grammoptera ruficornis Beetles Harmonia axyridis Harlequin Ladybird Beetles Harpalus rufipes Strawberry Seed Beetle Beetles Hydrothassa marginella Beetles Malachius bipustulatus Common Malachite Beetle Beetles Oedemera nobilis Swollen-thighed Beetle Beetles Phyllobius pomaceus Nettle Weevil Beetles Phyllobius roboretanus Beetles Propylea quattuordecimpunctata 14 Spot ladybird Beetles Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata 22 Spot Ladybird Beetles Pterostichus madidus Black Clock Beetle Beetles Pterostichus vernalis Beetles Pyrochroa serraticornis Cardinal Beetle Beetles Rhagonycha fulva Common Red Soldier Beetle Beetles Tytthaspis sedecimpunctata 16 Spot Ladybird Birds Alauda arvensis Skylark (UK BAP Species list) Birds Apus apus Swift Birds Ardea cinereal Grey Heron Birds Buteo buteo Buzzard Birds Carduelis carduelis Goldfinch Birds Columba palumbus Wood Pigeon Birds Corvus corax Raven Birds Corvus corone Carrion Crow Birds Corvus monedula Jackdaw Birds Cyanistes caeruleus Blue Tit Birds Dendrocopos major Great Spotted Woodpecker Birds Egretta garzetta Little Egret Birds Emberiza citronella Yellowhammer (UK BAP Species list)
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Birds Erithacus rubecula Robin Birds Falco tinnunculus Kestrel Birds Fringilla coelebs Chaffinch Birds Gallinula chloropus Moorhen Birds Hirundo rustica Swallow Birds Passer domesticus House Sparrow (UK BAP Species list) Birds Phasianus colchicus Pheasant Birds Phylloscopus collybita Chiffchaff Birds Pica pica Magpie Birds Sylvia atricapilla Blackcap Birds Sylvia communis Whitethroat Birds Troglodytes troglodytes Wren Birds Turdus merula Blackbird Birds Turdus philomelos Song Thrush (UK BAP Species list) Birds Turdus viscivorus Mistle Thrush Bugs Aelia acuminata Bishop's Mitre Shieldbug Bugs Aphrophora alni Alder Spittlebug Bugs Cicadella viridis Green Leaf-hopper Bugs Closterotomus norwegicus Potato Capsid Bugs Coreus marginatus Dock Bug Bugs Deraeocoris flavilinea Bugs Deraeocoris ruber Red Bug Bugs Dolycoris baccarum Sloe Bug Bugs Heterogaster urticae Nettle Groundbug Bugs Heterotoma planicornis Bugs Himacerus apterus Tree Damsel Bug Bugs Ischnodemus sabuleti European Chinchbug Bugs Leptopterna dolabrata Bugs Liocoris tripustulatus Bugs Lygocoris pabulinus Common Green Capsid Bugs Notonecta glauca Common Backswimmer Bugs Palomena prasina Green Shieldbug Bugs Philaenus spumarius Common Froghopper Bugs Psyllopsis fraxini agg. Bugs Stenodema laevigata Bugs Tetraneura ulmi Fig Gall Bugs Tingis ampliata Butterflies Aglais io Peacock Butterflies Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell Butterflies Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Butterflies Gonepteryx rhamni Brimstone Butterflies Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Butterflies Ochlodes sylvanus Large Skipper Butterflies Pararge aegeria Speckled Wood
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Butterflies Pieris brassicae Large White Butterflies Pieris napi Green-veined White Butterflies Pieris rapae Small White Butterflies Polygonia c-album Comma Butterflies Pyronia Tithonus Gatekeeper Butterflies Thymelicus Sylvestris Small Skipper Butterflies Vanessa Atalanta Red Admiral Butterflies Vanessa cardui Painted Lady Centipedes & Millipedes Tachypodoiulus niger White-legged Snake Millipede Craneflies Dictenidia bimaculate Craneflies Nephrotoma flavescens Tiger Cranefly Craneflies Tipula fascipennis Dragonflies and Damselflies Ayeshna cyanea Southern Hawker Dragonfly Dragonflies and Damselflies Calopteryx splendens Banded Demoiselle Dragonflies and Damselflies Coenagrion puella Azure Damselfly Dragonflies and Damselflies Enallagma cyathigerum Common Blue Damselfly Dragonflies and Damselflies Ischnura elegans Blue-tailed Damselfly Dragonflies and Damselflies Orthetrum cancellatum Black-tailed Skimmer Dragonflies and Damselflies Pyrrhosoma nymphula Large Red Damselfly Dragonflies and Damselflies Sympetrum sanguineum Ruddy Darter Earwigs Forficula auricularia Common European Earwig Fish Gasterosteus aculeatus Three-spined Stickleback Flies, Gnats and Midges Chloromyia Formosa Broad Centurian Flies, Gnats and Midges Chrysops caecutiens Splayed Deerfly Flies, Gnats and Midges Dasineura fraxini Flies, Gnats and Midges Empis livida Flies, Gnats and Midges Empis tessellate Flies, Gnats and Midges Eriothrix rufomaculata Flies, Gnats and Midges Eudasyphora cyanella Flies, Gnats and Midges Euleia heracleid Celery fly Flies, Gnats and Midges Mesembrina meridiana Noon Fly Flies, Gnats and Midges Musca autumnalis Face Fly Flies, Gnats and Midges Poecilobothrus nobilitatus Flies, Gnats and Midges Scathophaga stercoraria Ye llow Dung Fly Flies, Gnats and Midges Thelaira nigripes Flies, Gnats and Midges Urophora stylata Flies, Gnats and Midges Xyphosia miliaria Grasshoppers & Crickets Chorthippus albomarginatus Lesser Marsh Grasshopper Grasshoppers & Crickets Chorthippus brunneus Common Field Grasshopper Grasshoppers & Crickets Chorthippus parallelus Meadow Grasshopper Grasshoppers & Crickets Conocephalus fuscus Long Winged Cone-head Grasshoppers & Crickets Leptophyes punctatissima Speckled Bush-cricket Grasshoppers & Crickets Meconema thalassinum Oak Bush-cricket Grasshoppers & Crickets Metrioptera roeselii Roesel's Bush-cricket
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Grasshoppers & Crickets Velia sp. Water Cricket Hoverflies Baccha elongate Hoverflies Chrysotoxum bicinctum Hoverflies Chrysotoxum verralli Hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly Hoverflies Eristalinus sepulchralis Hoverflies Eristalis pertinax Tapered Drone Fly Hoverflies Eristalis tenax Common Drone Fly Hoverflies Eupeodes corollae Migrant Hoverfly Hoverflies Eupeodes luniger Hoverflies Helophilus pendulus The Footballer Hoverflies Melanostoma scalare Chequered Hoverfly Hoverflies Myathropa florea Hoverflies Scaeva pyrastri Pied Hoverfly Hoverflies Sphaerophoria scripta Long Hoverfly Hoverflies Syrphus vitripennis Hoverflies Volucella bombylans Hoverflies Volucella pellucens Pellucid Fly Hoverflies Eumerus sp. Hoverflies Eupeodes sp. Lacewings & Scorpionflies Chrysopa perla Mammals Meles meles Badger Mammals Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit Mammals Talpa europaea Mole Mayflies Ephemera danica Green Drake Mayfly Moths Aethes beatricella Hemlock Yellow Conch Moths Anthophila fabriciana Nettle-tap Moths Aphelia paleana Timothy Tortrix Moths Autographa gamma Silver Y Moths Cameraria ohridella Horse-chestnut Leaf Miner Moths Camptogramma bilineata Yellow Shell Moths Celypha lacunana Common Marble Moths Chrysoteuchia culmella Garden Grass-veneer Moths Crambus pascuella Inlaid Grass-veneer Moths Cucullia verbasci The Mullein Moths Hedya nubiferana Marbled Orchard Tortrix Moths Korscheltellus lupulina Common Swift Moths Lomaspilis marginata Clouded Border Moths Oligia fasciuncula Middle-barred Minor Moths Orgyia antiqua The Vapourer Moths Pleuroptya ruralis Mother Of Pearl Moths Pseudargyrotoza conwagana Yellow-spot Twist Moths Rivula sericealis Straw Dot Moths Spilonota ocellana Bud Moth
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Moths Stigmella aurella agg. Golden Pigmy agg. Moths Tyria jacobaeae Cinnabar Narrow-bordered Five-Spot Moths Zygaena lonicerae Burnet Moth Sawflies Athalia rosae Turnip Sawfly Sawflies Calameuta filiformis Reed Stem Borer Sawflies Cephus pygmeus Wheat Stem Borer Sawflies Cephus spinipes Sawflies Pontania proxima Willow Redgall Sawfly Sawflies Selandria serva Slugs & Snails Aegopinella nitidula S mooth Glass Snail Slugs & Snails Anisus leucostoma White-lipped Ramshorn Slugs & Snails Aplexa hypnorum Moss Bladder Snail Slugs & Snails Arion ater agg. Slugs & Snails Arion subfuscus Dusky Slug Slugs & Snails Cepaea nemoralis Brown-lipped Snail Slugs & Snails Deroceras invadens Chestnut Slug Slugs & Snails Deroceras reticulatum Netted Slug Slugs & Snails Monacha cantiana Kentish Garden Snail Slugs & Snails Oxychilus alliarius Garlic Snail Slugs & Snails Potamopyrgus antipodarum Jenkins' Spire Snail Slugs & Snails Radix balthica Wandering Pond Snail Slugs & Snails Succinea putris Amber Snail Slugs & Snails Trochulus striolatus Strawberry Snail Slugs & Snails Zonitoides nitidus Shiny Glass Snail Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria campestricola Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria cephalonea Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria erinea Walnut Leaf Gall Mite Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria macrochela Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Aceria myriadeum Red Pustule Gall Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Agelena labyrinthica Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Enoplognatha ovata Comb -footed Spider Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Eriophyes similis Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Eriophyes tiliae Nail Gall Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Pirata piraticus Pirate Wolf Spider Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Pisaura mirabilis Nursery Web Spider Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Tetragnatha extensa Spiders, Harvestmen & Mites Trochosa ruricola Rustic Wolf Spider Woodlice, Crustaceans Armadillidium vulgare Pill Woodlouse Woodlice, Crustaceans Oniscus asellus Common Shiny Woodlouse Woodlice, Crustaceans Philoscia muscorum Common Striped Woodlouse Woodlice, Crustaceans Platyarthrus hoffmannseggi Ant Woodlouse Woodlice, Crustaceans Porcellio scaber Common Rough Woodlouse
Fungi
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Fungi Auricularia auricula-judae Jelly Ear Fungus Fungi Bolbitius titubans Yellow Fieldcap Fungi Daldinia concentrica King Alfred's Cakes Fungi Diatrypella quercina Fungi Entomophthora muscae Fungi Phragmidium mucronatum Rose Rust Fungi Puccinia punctiformis Creeping Thistle Rust Fungi Trametes versicolor Turkeytail Lichens Arthonia radiata Lichens Lecanora chlarotera Lichens Lecanora muralis Chewing Gum Lichen Lichens Lecidella elaeochroma Lichens Parmelia sulcata Hammered Shield Lichen Lichens Physcia adscendens Lichens Physcia caesia Lichens Physcia tenella Lichens Xanthoria parietina
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Appendix 38 –Local Wildlife Site Assessment Forms
1. Atterton, Atterton Lane hedge south - from A444 to village 2. Atterton, Atterton Lane hedge north - from village to A444 3. Fenny Drayton, Fenn Lane south - from the village road junction 4. Fenny Drayton, Fenn Lane north – 650m to the village road junction 5. Fenny Drayton, Drayton Lane south 6. Fenny Drayton, Drayton Lane north 7. Witherley, field 609 north 8. Witherley, field 609 south 9. Witherley, field 608 south 10. Witherley, Atterton Lane north 11. Witherley, Atterton Lane south
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Site name (Parish, location): Atterton, Atterton Lane south - from A444 to village Date + Surveyor: 1st August 2019 David Nicholls Grid references (start + end) + compass direction: SP35489830 to SP35139827 (east to west) Description: Road verge hedge with mature trees and wet ditch + wide flower-rich verge
Additional features: Y/N Notes ditch or stream along one or both sides for half length of hedge Y Running water in ditch over all but first 60m a bank supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge a stone wall supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge standard trees or pollards at average of two/100m of at least 15cm girth Y Mature ash every 40m approx.. dead wood/old layers along at least 10% of the hedge a parallel hedge within 15m Y North of road
Average per section Meets LWS criteria? 5 YES/NO
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Blackthorn Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Ash Y Y (1m) Y (80cm) Y (50cm) Y (50cm) Y (60cm) Y Y (60cm) Oak Field Maple Y Hazel Y Y Y Y Wild Privet Y Y Crab Apple Dog Rose Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Elder Y Y Y Y Y Crack Willow Elm (Ulmus sp.) Sallow Y Y Alder Y Sycamore Y 6 6 (7) 5 5 5 6 7 4 2
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30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y Y Y Blackthorn Y Y Y Ash Y Y Y (50cm) Oak Field Maple Y Hazel Y Wild Privet Crab Apple Dog Rose Elder Y Y Crack Willow Elm (Ulmus sp.) Y Snowberry Y
3 7 4 (5) 60/12=5
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Site name (Parish, location): Atterton, Atterton Lane north - from village to A444 Date + Surveyor: 1st August 2019 David Nicholls Grid references (start + end) + compass direction: SP35159829 to SP35489833 (west to east) Description: Road verge hedge with mature trees
Additional features: Y/N Notes ditch or stream along one or both sides for half length of hedge a bank supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge (Y) Less than half the length a stone wall supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge standard trees or pollards at average of two/100m of at least 15cm girth Y Some mature trees planted along hedge in garden to rear dead wood/old layers along at least 10% of the hedge a parallel hedge within 15m Y
Average per section Meets LWS criteria? 5.3 YES/NO
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Blackthorn Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Ash Y Y (80cm) Y Y Y Y Oak Y (80+60cm) Y Field Maple Y Y (50cm) Y Y Y Y Y Hazel Y Y Y Y Y Wild Privet Y Y Dog Rose Y Y Y Y Elder Y Y Y Y Y Elm (Ulmus sp.) Y Y Sallow Y Weeping Willow Y Horse Chestnut Y (70cm) Y 5(6) 5 6 7 4 4 6 6 6(8)
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30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y Y Y Blackthorn Y Y Ash Y (30cm) Y Oak Field Maple Y Hazel Y Y Wild Privet Crab Apple Dog Rose Y Elder Y Crack Willow Elm (Ulmus sp.) Y Y (40cm) Snowberry Y Y Lilac Y Holly Y Sycamore Y (60cm) 6(7) 4(6) 5(6) 64/12=5.3
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Site name (Parish, location): Fenny Drayton, Fenn Lane south - from the village road junction Date + Surveyor: 1st August 2019 David Nicholls Grid references (start + end) + compass direction: SP35309711 to SP37049775 (south to north) Description: Road verge hedge (3m x 3m) with wet ditch and 2+m flower-rich verge
Additional features: Y/N Notes ditch or stream along one or both sides for half length of hedge Y Wet ditch along most of length a bank supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge N a stone wall supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge N standard trees or pollards at average of two/100m of at least 15cm girth N dead wood/old layers along at least 10% of the hedge N a parallel hedge within 15m Y On opposite side of road
Average per section Meets LWS criteria? 5.2 YES/NO
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Blackthorn Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Ash Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y (50+50cm) Oak Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Field Maple Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Hazel Y Y Wild Privet Crab Apple Dog Rose y Y Y y y y y Elder Crack Willow Elm (Ulmus sp.) Y Sallow y Sycamore
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Common Lime Dogwood Holly 56/9= 5 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 4
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y Y Y y Y Y Blackthorn Y Y y Y Y Y y Y Ash y Y Y y Y Y Oak Y (30cm) y Y (90cm) Y Field Maple y (40cm) Y Y Y y Y Y Hazel Wild Privet Y Crab Apple Dog Rose Y y y y Elder y Crack Willow Elm (Ulmus sp.) Y y y Sallow y Holly y 4 3 5 5 2 6 2 5 6 4 76/15=5.06 93/18=5.2
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y Y Y Y Blackthorn Y Y y Y Ash Y Y Oak Y (25cm) Field Maple Hazel 161 | P a g e W i t h e r l e y Ecological Survey 2019 – D a v i d N i c h o l l s
Wild Privet Crab Apple Dog Rose Y Elder y Crack Willow Elm (Ulmus sp.) Sycamore y
3 4 2 5 107/22=4.86
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Site name (Parish, location): Fenny Drayton, Fenn Lane north – 650m to the village road junction Date + Surveyor: 1st August 2019 David Nicholls Grid references (start + end) + compass direction: SP37049775 to SP35309711 (north to south) Description: Road verge hedge (2m x 2m) with wet ditch and 2+m flower-rich verge
Additional features: Y/N Notes ditch or stream along one or both sides for half length of hedge Y Wet ditch along most of length a bank supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge N a stone wall supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge N standard trees or pollards at average of two/100m of at least 15cm girth N dead wood/old layers along at least 10% of the hedge N a parallel hedge within 15m Y On opposite side of road
Average per section Meets LWS criteria? 3.3 NO
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y Y Y Y Y y y y Blackthorn Y Y Y Y y y Y Y Ash Oak Y (30+40cm) Y (50cm) Field Maple Y y y y Hazel Wild Privet Y y Crab Apple Dog Rose Y Y y y y y Elder Crack Willow Elm (Ulmus sp.) Sallow y Sycamore
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Common Lime Dogwood Holly 56/9= 3 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 4
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y y Y y Blackthorn Y y y y Y y y y Y Ash y (20cm) y Y y y Oak Y (80cm) Field Maple Y y Y Y y y y y y Hazel y y y y Wild Privet Crab Apple Dog Rose Y Y y y Elder y Y y Crack Willow Elm (Ulmus sp.) y Sallow y y Holly
5 3 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 5
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y y Y Y Blackthorn Y y Y y Y Ash Y Oak y Field Maple Y y Y Y Hazel y Y 164 | P a g e W i t h e r l e y Ecological Survey 2019 – D a v i d N i c h o l l s
Wild Privet Crab Apple Dog Rose Y Y Elder y Y Crack Willow Elm (Ulmus sp.) Sycamore
3 3 5 5 5 92/23=3.3
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Site name (Parish, location): Fenny Drayton, Drayton Lane south Date + Surveyor: 8th July 2019 David Nicholls Grid references (start + end) + compass direction: SP34529682 to SP34829694 (W to E) Description: Unmanaged hedge (10m x 10m), many Elm with several dead trees. Veteran Oak (existing LWS)
Additional features: Y/N Notes ditch or stream along one or both sides for half length of hedge Y Deep ditch with water for full length a bank supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge N a stone wall supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge N standard trees or pollards at average of two/100m of at least 15cm girth Y Hedge unmanaged. Many large trees. One veteran Oak dead wood/old layers along at least 10% of the hedge Y Mainly Ulmus. Numerous dead trees a parallel hedge within 15m Y Opposite side of road
Average per section Meets LWS criteria? 3.6 YES/NO
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y y Y Y y y y Blackthorn Y Y y y Ash Oak Y (>3m girth) Field Maple Y Hazel Wild Privet Crab Apple Dog Rose Y y y y Elder y y y Crack Willow Elm (Ulmus sp.) Y y y y y y y y y Sallow y y y y y Wild Cherry y
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6 4 4 5 3 3 4 2 4
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y Blackthorn y Ash Oak Field Maple 9 Hazel Wild Privet Crab Apple Dog Rose Elder Y y Crack Willow Elm (Ulmus sp.) Y
3 2 40/11
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Site name (Parish, location): Fenny Drayton, Drayton Lane north Date: 8th July 2019 Surveyor: David Nicholls Grid references (start + end): SP34829696 to SP34519683 Section recorded from (compass directions) E to W, hedge
Additional features: Y/N Notes ditch or stream along one or both sides for half length of hedge N a bank supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge N a stone wall supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge N standard trees or pollards at average of two/100m of at least 15cm girth N dead wood/old layers along at least 10% of the hedge N a parallel hedge within 15m Y Opposite side of road
Average per section Meets LWS criteria? 2.5 YES/NO
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y y Y y y y y y y Blackthorn Y y y Ash Oak Y y y y Field Maple Hazel Wild Privet Crab Apple Dog Rose y y Elder y Crack Willow y Elm (Ulmus sp.) y 1 3 3 3 2 1 2 3 3
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30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y y y Blackthorn Y Ash Y Oak y y Field Maple Hazel Wild Privet Crab Apple Dog Rose y Elder Crack Willow Elm (Ulmus sp.) Y
4 2 3 30/12
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Site name (Parish, location): Witherley, field 609 north Date + Surveyor: 18th July 2019 David Nicholls Grid references (start + end) + compass direction: SP32879716 to SP33019718 (W to E) Description: Managed hedge, 2.5m x 2.5m
Additional features: Y/N Notes ditch or stream along one or both sides for half length of hedge n a bank supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge n a stone wall supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge n standard trees or pollards at average of two/100m of at least 15cm girth n dead wood/old layers along at least 10% of the hedge n a parallel hedge within 15m n
Average per section Meets LWS criteria? 4.8 YES/NO
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y y Y y y Blackthorn y Y y y Ash Oak Field Maple Y y y Hazel Y y y Wild Privet Crab Apple Dog Rose Y y y y y Elder Y y y Wild Cherry Wild Privet y 4 4 4 5 7 24/5
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Site name (Parish, location): Witherley, field 609 south Date + Surveyor: 18th July 2019 David Nicholls Grid references (start + end) + compass direction: SP33039715 to SP32879712 (E to W) Description: Managed hedge, 2m x 2m with wet ditch + mature Oak
Additional features: Y/N Notes ditch or stream along one or both sides for half length of hedge y a bank supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge n a stone wall supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge n standard trees or pollards at average of two/100m of at least 15cm girth y Oak (1m diam), Ash at eastern field corner (0.6m diam) dead wood/old layers along at least 10% of the hedge n a parallel hedge within 15m n
Average per section Meets LWS criteria? 5.7 YES/NO
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y y y y y y Blackthorn Y y y y y y Ash Y y y y Oak Y Y (1m diam) Field Maple Y y y y Hazel y Wild Privet Crab Apple Dog Rose Y y y y y y Elder Y y y y y Crack Willow Wild Privet 7 6 5 5 6 5 34/6
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Site name (Parish, location): Witherley, field 608 south Date + Surveyor: 18th July 2019 David Nicholls Grid references (start + end) + compass direction: SP32869713 to SP32749714 (E to W) Description: Managed hedge, 2m x 2m with wet ditch
Additional features: Y/N Notes ditch or stream along one or both sides for half length of hedge y a bank supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge n a stone wall supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge n standard trees or pollards at average of two/100m of at least 15cm girth n dead wood/old layers along at least 10% of the hedge n a parallel hedge within 15m n
Average per section Meets LWS criteria? 6 YES/NO
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y y y y y Blackthorn Y y y y y Ash Y Y (1m diam) y y Oak Field Maple Y y y y Hazel Y Dog Rose Y y y y y Elder Y y y y y Dogwood y Rowan y Sycamore y 7 6 6 6 5(7) 30/5=6
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Site name (Parish, location): Witherley, Atterton Lane north - from PROW to the village edge Date + Surveyor: 1st August 2019 David Nicholls Grid references (start + end) + compass direction: SP33049783 to SP32869762 (NE to SW) Description: Road verge hedge with wet ditch and 5m flower-rich verge
Additional features: Y/N Notes ditch or stream along one or both sides for half length of hedge Y Wet ditch along full length a bank supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge N a stone wall supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge N standard trees or pollards at average of two/100m of at least 15cm girth N Occasional mature trees dead wood/old layers along at least 10% of the hedge N a parallel hedge within 15m Y On opposite side of road
Average per section Meets LWS criteria? 5 YES/NO
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Blackthorn Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Ash Y Y Y Y Oak Y Y (70cm) Y Field Maple Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Hazel Y Y Y Elder Y Y Y Y Crack Willow Sallow Y Sycamore Y (40cm) Common Lime Y (20+20cm) Dogwood Y Y 6 (7) 5 5 6 4 5 5 4 40/8=5
173 | P a g e W i t h e r l e y Ecological Survey 2019 – D a v i d N i c h o l l s
Site name (Parish, location): Witherley, Atterton Lane south - from the village Date + Surveyor: 1st August 2019 David Nicholls Grid references (start + end) + compass direction: SP32889761 to SP33039781 (SW to NE) Description: Road verge hedge (2m x 2m) with wet ditch and 5m flower-rich verge
Additional features: Y/N Notes ditch or stream along one or both sides for half length of hedge Y Wet ditch along full length a bank supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge N a stone wall supporting the hedge, along one or both sides for half length of hedge N standard trees or pollards at average of two/100m of at least 15cm girth N Occasional mature trees dead wood/old layers along at least 10% of the hedge N a parallel hedge within 15m Y On opposite side of road
Average per section Meets LWS criteria? 6.2 YES/NO
30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m 30m Hawthorn Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Blackthorn Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Ash Y (1m) Y Y (30cm) Y (60cm) Y Y Y Y Y Oak Y (60cm) Field Maple Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Hazel Y Y Y Y Y Wild Privet Y Dog Rose Y Y Y Y y y Elder Y Y Y Y Elm (Ulmus sp.) Y (20cm) Y Dogwood Y Y Holly Y 56/9= 6 7 6 9 7 5 5 4 7
174 | P a g e W i t h e r l e y Ecological Survey 2019 – D a v i d N i c h o l l s