State Highway Administration Research Report Trip
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MD-09-SP808B4J Martin O’Malley, Governor Beverley Swaim-Staley, Secretary Anthony G. Brown, Lt. Governor Neil J. Pedersen, Administrator STATE HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION RESEARCH REPORT TRIP GENERATION STUDIES FOR SPECIAL GENERATORS MANSOUREH JEIHANI AND RICARDO A. CAMILO MORGAN STATE UNIVERSITY Project number MD-09-SP808B4J FINAL REPORT December 2009 The contents of this report reflect the views of the author who is responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Maryland State Highway Administration. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation, University Transportation Centers Program, in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. government assumes no liability for the contents or use thereof. This report does not constitute a standard, specification or regulation. Technical Report Documentation Page Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. MD-09-SP808B4J 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Trip Generation Studies for Special Generators September 2009 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author/s 8. Performing Organization Report No. Mansoureh Jeihani and Ricardo Camilo 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Morgan State University 1700 E. Cold Spring Lane Baltimore, MD 21251 11. Contract or Grant No. SP808B4J 12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Maryland State Highway Administration Final Report Office of Policy & Research 14. Sponsoring Agency Code 707 North Calvert Street (7120) STMD - MDOT/SHA Baltimore MD 21202 Morgan State University National Transportation Center 1700 East Cold Spring Lane Baltimore, MD 21251 15. Supplementary Notes 16. Abstract This research examines the effects of town centers and senior housing developments on surrounding roadways and nearby transit. The Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Trip Generation Manual, which determines number of trips produced or attracted by different developments, does not include town centers. It has also been argued that the ITE manual underestimates trip rates for senior housing. This, coupled with the prominence of these types of developments in Maryland, merits further study into their impacts on the surrounding roadway system. 17. Key Words: Trip generation, 18. Distribution Statement: No restrictions Town Centers, Senior housing This document is available from the Research Division developments upon request. 19. Security Classification (of this report) 20. Security Classification (of this page) 21. No. Of Pages 22. Price None None 95 Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of form and completed page is authorized. i TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. iii List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ iv List of Appendices ...........................................................................................................................v List of Equations ............................................................................................................................ vi Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................... vii Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... viii Introduction ......................................................................................................................................1 Objectives ....................................................................................................................................2 Literature Review.............................................................................................................................2 Transit-Oriented Developmet......................................................................................................2 Determining the Nature of Town Center ....................................................................................2 Current Practices .........................................................................................................................3 Methodology ....................................................................................................................................4 Data Collection..........................................................................................................................11 Transit Survey ...........................................................................................................................12 Research Findings ..........................................................................................................................12 Age-Restricted Housing ............................................................................................................12 Town Center ..............................................................................................................................25 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................................29 Appendix 1 .....................................................................................................................................30 Appendix 2 .....................................................................................................................................35 Appendix 3 .....................................................................................................................................77 References ......................................................................................................................................84 ii LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Characteristics of the Selected Age-Restricted Developments in Maryland .....................4 Table 2: Characteristics of the Selected Town Centers in Maryland...............................................7 Table 3: Total Trip Ends and Directional Distribution of Trips in Age-Restricted Developments ............................................................................................................................12 Table 4: Peak Periods of Trip Ends in Age-Restricted Developments ..........................................13 Table 5a: Trip Rates Comparison for Age-Restricted Housing on a Weekday .............................21 Table 5b: Trip Rates Comparison for Age-Restricted Housing with Other Studies......................22 Table 6: T-test: Age-Restricted Housing Trip Rates Comparison Between Our Study and ITE ......................................................................................................................................22 Table 7: Trip Ends on the Adjacent Streets of the Age-Restricted Developments ........................23 Table 8: Trip Rates Comparison between Age-Restricted and Regular Housing .........................23 Table 9: Trip Ends of Age-Restricted Housings versus ITE Estimated Trip Rates for Regular Low-Raise Condominiums/Town Houses ...................................................................24 Table 10: Total Trip Ends and Directional Distribution of Trips in Town Centers ......................25 Table 11: Peak Periods of Trip Ends in Town Centers ..................................................................25 Table 12: Hourly Variation in Town Center Traffic ......................................................................26 Table 13: Trip Ends on the Adjacent Streets around Town Centers ..............................................26 Table 14a: Trip Ends Calculations from ITE for Each Development Type and Trip Rate Comparisons with our Results at White Marsh Mall ................................................................27 Table 14b: Trip Ends Calculations from ITE for Each Development Type and Trip Rate Comparisons with our Results at Hunt Valley ..........................................................................27 Table 14c: Trip Ends Calculations from ITE for Each Development Type and Trip Rate Comparisons with our Results at Owings Mills ........................................................................27 Table 14d: Trip Ends Calculations from ITE for Each Development Type and Trip Rate Comparisons with our Results at Marley Station ......................................................................28 Table 15: Trip Rates Comparisons between ITE and Our Results ................................................28 Table 16: Trip Ends Comparisons between ITE and Our Results .................................................28 iii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Map of Park View with Traffic Counter Locations (red squares) ....................................5 Figure 2: Map of Wyndham Commons with Traffic Counters Locations (red squares) .................5 Figure 3: Map of Four Seasons at Margaret’s with traffic counters locations (red squares) ...........6 Figure 4: Map of Snowden Overlook with traffic counters locations (red squares) ........................6 Figure 5: Map of Mill Crossing and Creekside at Taskers Chance with traffic counters locations (red squares) 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