E2212 V2 • Public Disclosure Authorized

E2212 v2 • Public Disclosure Authorized

LAGOS METROPOLITAN AREA TRANSPORT AUTHORITY (LAMATA)

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)

FOR Public Disclosure Authorized

THE PROPOSED LAMATA CORPORATE HEAD OFFICE

CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT, ALAUSA; IKEJA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA LAGOS STATE Public Disclosure Authorized

FINAL DRAFT REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alallsa - lkeja. Lagos State STATUS PAGE

TITLE: ENVIRONMENTAL IMAPCT ASSESSMENT (EIA) FOR THE PRO'P" LAMATA CORPORATE HEAD OFFICE

ORIGINATOR: LAGOS METROPOLITAN AREA TRANSPORT AUTH I (LAMATA)

DATE: JULY 2009

VERSION: 05 (FINAL DRAFT) VERSION DATE PAGES REASON 05 JULY 2009 WHOLE REVIEW DOCUMENT

This document is the property of Lagos Metropolitan Area Transport Authority (LAMAr ' rights reserved. Neither the whole nor any part of this document may be disclosed to 01 reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means (ek: 1 mechanical, reprographic recording or otherwise) without prior written consent of the Cl" owners.

July 2009

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Bunding, CBD Alausa Ikeja. Lagos Stale TABLE OF CONTENTS • Title page

Status page

Table of contents

List of Maps, Illustrations and Figures

List of Tables

List of Plates

List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

Executive Summary

Acknowledgements

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background Information

1.2. The Proponents

1.3. Proponents Intent

1.4 Environmental Impact Assessment

1.5 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework

1.6 Terms ofReference and Scope of Work

CHAPTER TWO

2.0. PROJECT JUSTIFICATION

2.1. Need for the Project

2.2 Value ofthe Project

2.3 Envisaged Sustainability

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State CHAPTER THREE

3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1 Type of Project

3.2 Location of Project

3.3 Building Conceptual Designs Plans and Layout

3.4 Construction Concepts

3.5 Project schedule

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Description of the Environment including Data Acquisition

4.1 Study Approach

4.2 Baseline Data Acquisition Methods

4.3. Geographic Location

4.4 Geology, Topography & Hydrology

4.5 Climatic Conditions

4.6 Air Quality Assessments

4.7 Noise and Vibration

4.8 Vegetation Cover Characteristics

4.9 Potential Land Use and Landscape Patterns

4.10 Soil Studies

4.11. Socio Economic Characteristics

4.12 Infrastructural Services

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 ASSOCIATED AND POTENTIAL ENVIRONEMNTAL IMPACT

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alonso - lkeja. Lagos State It 5.1 Objectives ofthe Impact Assessment

5.2 Significant Positive Impacts

5.3 Identification, Prediction and Evaluation ofNegative Impacts

5.4 Description of Potential Negative Impacts

CHAPTER SIX

6.0 MITIGATION MEASURES

6.1 Description of Mitigation Measures

6.2 Tabulation ofMiLgation Requirements Using Risk Assessment Index

CHAPTER SEVEN

7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Objectives ofthe Environmental Management Plan

7.3 Use and Maintenance ofthe EMP

7.4 Monitoring: measurements and Procedures

7.5 Waste Management Strategies

7.6 Audit Programme

7.7 Safety Philosophy

7.8 Decommissioning Plan

CHAPTER EIGHT

8.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State LIST OF MAPS

Map 3.1: Lagos State within the context ofNigeria

Map 3.2: Ikeja Local Government Area with Lagos State

Map 3.3: Ikeja Local Government Area and Contiguous Development Council Area

Map 3.4: Revised Lagos State Land Use Plan 2001/2002

Map 3,5: Lagos State Regional Plan: Existing Land Use Plan 2002

Map 4.1: Area map of the CBD, Alausa in Ikeja Local Government Area

Map 4.2: Map of CBD Area, Alausa Ikeja Local Government Area of Lagos State showin;: proposed project Area in Red Arrow and the defunct metro-line tracks in Blue Ar'~ the left ofthe proposed LAMATA Corporate Building.

Map 4.3: Land Use surveys of constituent parts of Ikeja Local Government Area,

Map 4.4: Existing Land use Map of Ikeja Local Government Area

Map 4.5: Proposed Ikeja Model city Plan.

Map 4.6: Proposed road Hierarchy in Ikeja Local Government Area.

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State It LIST OF FIGURES

Fig 4.1: Values ofB Tex in sampled location

Fig.4.2: Concentration of S02 at all the sampled locations

Fig 4.3: The concentration ofN02 in all the sampled locations

Fig 4.4: Mean concentration ofTSP in sampled locations

Fig 4.5: The mean value ofPM10 at various sample locations

Fig 4.6: The mean value ofPM2.5 at various sampled locations.

Fig 4.7: Comparison ofthe concentration ofCarbon Monoxide across the Metropolis.

Fig 4.8: Trend of noise level in Lagos State.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State LIST OF TABLES

Table 4.1: Physico-chemical analysis result of storm water sample. Table 4.2: Hydro chemical parameters of borehole water sample from Lagos aquifers. Table 4.3: Hydro chemical parameters of borehole water sample from Lagos aquifers. Table 4.4: Range values of physic-chemical parameters (WHO) 1984 Standard for Drink Water. Table 4.5: Characteristics ofclimatic elements in the project area. Table 4.6: Air Quality Assessment around the project site. Table 4.7: Annual mean concentration ofS02 in various sampling locations within Lagc:; Table 4.8: Value ofN02 among the eight sampled environment Table 4.9: Mean concentration of Ozone. Table 4.10: Mean concentration ofTSP in sampled locations. Table 4.11: The mean value ofPMIO at various sampled locations. Table 4.12: The mean value ofPM2.5 at various sampled locations. Table 4.13: Mean concentration of particulate matter and gases during wet season of2007!' Table 4.14: Mean concentration of particulate matter and gases during dry season of 20«' Table 4.15: Noise level at different locations within the monitoring Area. Table 4.16: Summary of the measured Noise level indices in all sites in the study area. Table 4.17: Trend ofNoise Table 4.18: Physico-chemical analysis results of soil samples. Table 4.19: Lagos State) Population (NPC) figures. Table 4.20: Lagos State Population (Lagos State Government) figures. Table 4.21: Lagos State project Growth Trend (comparison ofNPC & Lagos State Gover- Figures). Table 4.22: Land Use Analysis table. Table 4.23: Governor's Road Intersection on Obafemi Awolowo Way - Traffic count. Table 5.l: Project phases and sources ofimpact Table 5.2: Impactable components of the environmental and associated impact indicator Table 5.3: Characteristics of impact Table 5.4: Checklists for ranking of associated and potential impacts Table 6.1: Mitigation measures for the potential and associated impacts. Table 7.1: Monitoring programme for the LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters' Building site. Table 7.2: Environmental Management Plan Budget Table 7.3: Environmental Management Plan Roles and Responsibilities

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State It LIST OF PLATES

Plate 3a: Side view ofthe proposed LAMATA corporate headquarters.

Plate 3b: Front view ofthe proposed LAMATA corporate headquarters.

Plate 4.1: Aerial view ofproject site location opposite the Skye Bank on ASSBIFI road.

Plates 4.2a & b: Discussions with Officials of Lilleker Bros. Nigeria Limited

Plates 4.3a & b: Local food vendors and their customers at Bukateria on the Project Site.

Plates 4.4a & b: Traffic flow along the Agindingbi Junction on Obafemi Awolowo Way.

Plate 4.5: Picture of a typical multilevel car park at the MMA 2 terminal, Ikeja.

Plates 4.6a & b: Traffic situation on Obafemi Awolowo Way, beside the proposed project site during rush hour traffic at 7.30am on 8th July.

Plate 4.7: Traffic gridlock at Governor's Road Obafemi Awolowo Junction during rush hour at 8.15am on 8.15am on 8th July 2009.

Plate 4.8: Traffic Gridlock at ASSBIFI Road / Obafemi Awolowo Road Junction during Rush Hour at 08.30a.m on 8th July 2009.

Plates 6.la & 6.2b: Example of basement car parking facilities in the CBD, Area Alausa.

Plates 7a, 7b, 7c: Photographs of Accessible Ramps for the disabled taken at a building within the CBD Alausa.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa Ikeja. Lagos State LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand °c (Centigrade) Celsius ca circa cal calories Cs Carbon- 5 CBD Central Business District cm Centimeter COD Chemical Oxygen Demand CO Carbon Monoxide CO2 Carbon Dioxide Ct Tropical Continental Air Mass dB decibel EIA Environmental Impact Assessment FMENV Federal Ministry ofEnvironment FEPA Federal Environmental Protection Agency In inches Kg kilogram Km kilometer LASAA Lagos State Signage and Advertising Agency LAMATA Lagos Metropolitan Area Transport Authority LASEPA Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency M meter mV millivolt NESREA National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency NIMET Nigerian Meteorological Agency N02 Nitrogen Dioxide NOx Oxides ofNitrogen pH Measurement of Acidity and alkalinity (on Log. Scale 0 - 14, 7= tH <7=increasing acidity. >7=increasing alkalinity) ppm parts per million S02 Sulphur dioxide Tons Tonnes

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA T A Corporate Ueadq ua rurs BuDding, CDn Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The proposed LAMAT A Corporate Headquarters Building which is aimed at enhancing the corporate image and increasing efficiency is highly desirable because of its obvious benefits and positive impacts.

The proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters building is expected to be a bio-climatic building, a building that functions with minimal inputs from its occupants, building that lives, and an intelligent building. The building shall be designed for both LAMAT A Staff and also for office lease. It will consist of 12 floors of which two floors can be used for car park. The Project lifespan is expected to be not less than 50 years.

It is to be located in the existing Central Business District area of Alausa in Ikeja Local Government Council Area of Lagos State. It is strategically positioned at the T- Junction directly 2 opposite the Regional Office of Skye Bank. The total Area ofthe site is 2988.44 m • The land for the building was acquired by the Lagos State Government. The plot is bordered by ASSBIFI Road and Obafemi Awolowo Way.

LAMA T A is designed to formulate and implement programmes and policies for the overall improvement of public transportation systems, and orderly and structured development of the mass transit system, among others. Its other tasks include carrying out the comprehensive maintenance of roads and related infrastructure, inventory of road and transportation network, continuous evaluation of road network status, overall improvement in traffic flow and planned and programmed traffic engineering and management works. By so doing, the agency will assist in poverty alleviation by increasing economic efficiency through lower transport costs and prices, and enhancement of employment and social opportunities.

LAMA T A presently occupies rented spaces at the Motorway Plaza along the Lagos - Ibadan Express Way. Corporate Headquarters (HQ) denotes the location where most, if not all, of the important functions of an organization will be coordinated and is a key element of a corporate structure. In view of this strategic role of LAMA T A, a corporate headquarters is most needful at this stage of the Agency' s development.

However, the proposed project may result in some ecological disruptions, which may be manifested in various forms, ranging from possible pollution of air and water to contamination of soil. These may negatively impact environmental resources and even human health

Regulatory Agencies exist at various levels in Nigeria with a common objective of protecting and preserving the environment and human health. One of the measures aimed at achieving this is the EIA Act No 86 of 1992, which mandates that public or private sector of the economy shall not undertake or embark or authorize projects or activities without prior consideration, at the early stage, oftheir environmental effects

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa -Ikeja. Lagos State .".,,-- This EIA Study recognizes the need to incorporate environmental consideration into ev,~, of the proposed project. This will ensure the rational use of natural resources, mini:,,!1 j potential impacts on the environment and promote development policies that are sustaina h

A baseline study of the existing environment was carried out. All baseline data activities were carried out in accordance with the Federal ministry of Environment and applicable international standards and guidelines. Field sampling methods and labc procedures were consistent with established and standard methodologies (ASTM, ,) USEPA, etc). The Area ofInfluence considered for the Baseline Study is the CBD Are& ,I Ikeja local government area of Lagos State in Nigeria which is in the range of 5 to lOkm the Project site.

All significant adverse impacts and issues identified are presented in chapter five of thf i Specific mitigation measures are proposed, where practicable, to either avoid, reduce, reI'" compensate for the various impacts and are described in Section 6.1.

The significant positive impacts ofthe project include the following: • Beautification of the Landscape in the Central Business District Area, Alausa • Improved economy of the people employed to provide services in the building • Improved economy ofthe State by the multiplier effects from tax revenue • Saving ofland space and reduction in carbon footprint by the bio-climatic design • Removal ofexisting shanty structures that facilitate activities of miscreants.

The Assessment recognizes the need to incorporate environmental consideration into ever\' of the proposed project. This will ensure the rational use of natural resources, minim potential impacts on the environment and promote development policies that are sustainat;l<

In this regard appropriate institutional framework shall be set up by LAMATA to implem': recommended mitigation measures while the proposed monitoring programmes are set in 'r' as soon as possible. All these shall ensure that potential environmental impacts an eliminated or reduced to the barest minimum.

The EIA Report shan form an integral part of the project implementation document and ;,h used by project supervisors in checking any adverse effect that the project may have· various environmental components. The proposed mitigation measures, monitoring pial:' overall Environmental management programmes shall be faithfully implemented and appl') " modifications and improvements integrated at all project phases.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alansa -Ikeja. Lagos State It

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Sustainabiliti Limited on behalf of the Study Team would wish to express their appreciation to the Management and Staff of Lagos State Metropolitan Transport Authority (LAMATA) for their cooperation towards a successful execution of this Study and the opportunity to provide information towards environmental planning and sustainable development.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State CHAPTER ONE

1.0. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background Information

The findings, conclusions and recommendations of an Environmental Impact Assr;'; . for the proposed Head Office of Lagos Metropolitan Area Transport A lIt (LAMATA) are presented in this report. The project was conceived out of the d~~i have an iconic structure that best represents the solid image and dynamic function; corporate establishment in particular, and the Lagos State Government in general.

1.2 The Proponent

The proponent of the project is the Lagos Metropolitan Area Transport kr;! (LAMATA). LAMATA is a semi - autonomous corporate body vested with th(: responsibility for promoting and developing public transportation in Lagos. 11 manages the strategic road network in Lagos, promoting effective cost recover~ transport sector and coordinating the delivery of transport projects in Lagos.

1.3 Proponent Intent

LAMA TA plans to build a functional, imposing elegantly designed and econom efficient Corporate Headquarters. The objectives of the project include but not lini i the following:

o To incorporate energy conservation techniques with achieving life cye\. i minimization o To provide flexible and functional office space that can support furniture, eqclir arrangement and future requirements for LAMA TA o To provide additional flexible and functional office space for commercial purpo, . o To ensure that the project is compatible with surrounding environmental in"ll1 and future plans. o To produce a design that impacts a favourable LAMATA image.

Although the proposed project is of tremendous socio - economic importance to\: i the various project activities may result in some ecological disruptions and come negative environmental and socio - economic impacts. These may vary from ;I water pollutions to ground water contaminations which may affect the general ecol: and social setting ofthe environment and possibly human health and well being.

In recent past many development projects, mostly in developing countrie:;, encountered serious difficulties because of insufficient account has been taken c relationship with the surrounding environment. Some projects have been found . unsustainable because of resource depletion. While development is essential to ir-

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State the quality of life, it is equally essential to ensure that development takes place on a sustainable basis. Development projects must therefore take account of •social and ecological factors, as well as economic ones, of the living and non~ living resource base; and of long and short term advantages and disadvantages of alternative actions. Any development plan that is inflexible and little influenced by ecological consideration is unlikely to make the best use of available resources. Therefore, by causing ecological damage it, the development plan, is likely to causes economical and social damages. To avoid such problems every stage of environmental conservation and development processes must be integrated, from initial setting to their eventual implementation and operation.

Fortunately however, the need to take environmental consideration into account to ensure harmonious social- economic development and long term sustainability is increasingly recognized throughout the country. Therefore, in consonance with her corporate policy, LAMA T A intends to conduct its activities in such a way as to take foremost account of the environment, safety of persons and property that may be affected directly and indirectly by these activities,

Accordingly, LAMATA, wishes to subject this project to EIA process in order to ensure that all facilities to be installed as part of the project will be save to operate, will not affect the environment adversely and will not constitute a hazard to the health of either the operators or local habitants.

Each phase of the project, i.e. the design, construction, operation and abandonment will include safety and environment protection considerations consistent with cradle to grave approach.

1.4 Environmental Impact Assessment

An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) may be defined as a structured and formal set of procedures for identifying and assessing the environmental consequences of development projects; plans, programs and policies in an attempt to ensure that the best alternative for the development project selected. An EIA can thus be regarded as a decision making tool, which is primarily concerned with environmental soundness of projects and programs.

An EIA compares various alternatives by which desired objectives may be realizes and seeks to identify the one which represents the best combination of economic and environmental costs and benefits;

It (EIA) attempts to weigh environmental effects on the common basis with economic costs and benefits.

The main aim of an EIA is to ensure that potential problems are foreseen and addresses at an early stage in the project's planning and design. To achieve this aim the assessment

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD AJausa - lkeja. Lagos State ,--,_. findings are communicated to all various groups who will make decisions abc>" proposed project i.e. the project developers and their investors as well as pi regulators and administrators.

1.4.1 Objectives of the Study - Environmental Impact Assessment

Identify sensitive components of the existing environment within the project aI',: environs: o Establish the existing state of the environment and identify components ' existing environment within the project area and area of potential influence (APPI) o Assist project design and planning by identi1)ring those aspects of It,.: construction and operations, which may cause adverse environmental ~ health and economic effects; o Recommend measures during construction, commissioning and operat avoid and ameliorate these effects and increase beneficial impacts; o Identi1)r existing and expected environmental regulations that will air development and advise on standards, consent and targets; <) Identi1)r any environmental issues and concerns which may, in the futuf::. the development; o Develop and recommend an Environmental Management Programme (EM! the life of the development including compliance, monitoring , auditii1) contingency planning; o Provide the basis for co-operation and consultation with regulatory ar regulatory authorities and the pUblic. () Appraise the project activities and determine any potential negative and r impacts on the environment

1.5. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

The environment has emerged as one of the most topical issues of contemporary t This is in realization of the ever-increasing negative environmental impacts 0 industrial development. As natural resources are being exploited at rates unprecedeni human history, the quality of the environment deteriorates and many of the deve!or projects become unsustainable. This has therefore necessitated the enforcenH~ relevant environmental protection laws in order to protect and restore the 1'; i environment.

The requirement for an Environmental Impact Assessment is in compliance v.l Federal Republic of Nigeria'S (FRN) laws and policies geared towards ad·, sustainable development goals through proper and adequate care for the envirn health and social well-being ofher citizens.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State It The main aim of this chapter, therefore, is to review Nigerian legislation, guidelines and international conventions that are relevant to the infrastructural development of a Corporate Iconic Multistoried building. The legislation outlined in the foregoing parts of this chapter are derived from Nigerian Government laws and regulations, State Government laws as well as international conventions and other instruments that Nigeria is signatory to.

1.5.1. REGULATORY FRAMEWORK GUIDING THE INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE LAMATA BUILDING

The Constitution ofthe Federal Republic ofNigeria (CFRN) of 1999 provides the general thrust of the nation's environmental policy through S. 20 that provides: "The State shall protect and improve the environment and safeguard the water, air and land, forest and wildlife ofNigeria." Consequently, subsidiary laws and regulations have been made and international conventions and other instruments entered into pursuant to the constitution's set objectives.

These include: • The LAMA TA Mission Statement. • Laws and regulations, standards, policies, codes and recommended practices Relating to the Infrastructural Development by the Nigerian Government and its Agencies such as the Federal Ministry of Environment and Ministry of Physical Planning. • International guidelines and conventions to which Nigeria is a signatory. • National Policy on Environment (1989) and reviewed in 1999

1.5.2 FEDERAL REGULATORY BODIES Federal Ministry of Environment (1999 Presidential Directive) The Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) was established by Decree No. 58 of 1988 and subsequently amended by Decree 59 of 1992 with further amendment by Decree 14 of 1999. FEPA was absorbed into the Federal Ministry of Environment (FMENV) in 1999 by a presidential directive and its functions among others are now the responsibility of the new Ministry. The FEPA Act has now been repealed in the NESREA Act No 25 of2007.

The National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) Act No 25 of2007 The Agency, shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, have responsibility for the protection and development of the environment, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development of Nigeria's natural resources in general and environmental technology, including coordination and liaison with relevant stakeholders within and outside Nigeria on matters of enforcement of environmental standards, regulations, rules, laws, policies and guidelines.

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State .-- With regard to Sewage and Domestic Effluent Control, there are Federal Regulations ar'~ Sanitation Laws. Some of these regulations include: • The National Guidelines and Standards for Environmental Pollution COnln Nigeria (March, 1991), which is the basic instrument for monitoring and con1 industrial and urban polJution; • The National Environmental Protection (Emuent Limitation) Regulations S" 1991, which makes it mandatory for industrial facilities to install anti-pc: equipment, makes provision for effluent treatment and prescribes maximum Hrn effluent parameters allowed for contraventions. It also provides that all industr Nigeria should be operated on the basis of Best Available Technology (BAT); • The National Environmental Protection (pollution Abatement in Industr~!'" Facilities Generating Wastes) Regulations S.I.9 of 1991, which imposes restrictic the release of toxic substances and stipulates requirements for monitoring of pol) 1I t also makes it mandatory for existing industries and facilities to conduct an envircn ' audit; • The National Environmental Protection (Waste Management) Regulations S, If 1991, which regulates the collection, treatment and disposal of solid and h

Sectoral EIA Guidelines In September 1995, FEPA (now Federal Ministry of Environment) published Sectors Guidelines for lnfrastructural Projects. The Guidelines are for any project that involves: • Coastal Development Project • Port and Harbour Development Project • Railways • Roads and Highways, • Airports • Urban development project • Domestic water supply and sanitation project • Electrification projects

Statutory Limits for Emuents and Gaseous Emissions: The Guidelines and Stand:m" Environmental Pollution Control in Nigeria (FEPA, 1991) provides interim permissible Ii protective measures against indiscriminate discharge of particulate matter and u~lh' industrial effluents into lakes, rivers, estuaries, lagoons and coastal waters.

Air Quality Standards (FEPA, 1991) : There are ambient air quality limitations and stHl1 in Nigeria enforced by the FMENV, NESREA and LASEPA.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State Noise Limitations: The limits for this have been given by FEPA regulations and the elements• of the regulations include: * Noise standards including acoustic guarantees; * Guidelines for the control of neighbourhood noises especially with respect to construction sites, market and meeting places; * Permissible noise levels in noise-prone industries and construction sites and to ensure the installation of noise dampers on noisy equipment.

LAWS (i) Land Use Act Cap 202 LFN 1990. This legislation put an end to absolute ownership of land by the individual and community and vests "all land comprised in the territory 0/each state (except land vested in the Federal Government or its agencies) solely in the Governor o/the State, who would hold such land in trust/or the people."

Lagos State Ministry of Environment and Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency (LASEPA) All the States in Nigeria have power to make laws with respect to the environment under the Constitution. This is because the subjects relating to the environment are contained in the Concurrent Legislative List. • Lagos State Environmental Law, 1994 • Lagos State Sanitation Edict, 2004 • The Lagos State Town and Country (Building Plan) Regulations of 1986 • Lagos State Urban and Regional Planning Board Law 1997 • Lagos State Urban and Development Regional Planning and Development Law of 2005

Other Statutory Regulations, Legislations and Guidelines related to infrastructural Development activities in Nigeria include: • Nigerian Urban and Regional Planning Law No 88 of 1992 Section 333 requires every developer of Land exceeding 4000 m2 or four floors to submit a detailed EIA report to an appropriate Development Control Department in the area of project location.

WORLD BANK GUIDELINES ON ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

The World Bank requires the execution of an EIA for a proposed infrastructural development by a borrower as a pre-requisite before granting any financial assistance in form of loans. Details of the Bank policies and procedures, guidelines precedents and "best practice" regarding the environment are published in the Bank's EA sourcebook volumes I-Ill of 1991. Relevant policies include OPIBP4.01 on Environment Assessment, OPIBP 4.04 on natural Habitats, OPIBP 4.12 on involuntary settlements and OPIBP 7.60 on projects in disputed areas.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alausa -Ikeja. Lagos State WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES

Policy Summary of Core Requirements Public Consultatior

OP/BP 4.01, Screen early for potential impacts and select Consult affected group~; Environment appropriate instrument to assess, minimize, NGOs as early as possi!)i ; Assessment and mitigate potentially adverse impacts category A and B proje:';

OPIBP4.04, Do not finance projects that degrade or Consult local people in Natural convert critical habitats. Support projects that designing, and monitOr! Habitats affect non-critical habitats only if no alternatives projects are available and if acceptable mitigation measures are in place.

OP/BP 4.12, Assist displaced persons in their efforts to Consult resettles ofhost Involuntary improve or at least restore their standards of community; incorporate Resettlement living expressed views in resetllr Plans; list choices made resettlers

OP/BP 7.60 Ensure that claimants to disputed areas have No public consultations Projects in no objection to proposed project claimants informed Disputed Areas

INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES AND CONVENTIONS

Nigeria is a signatory to several international conventions and treaties that promo!' maintenance of a viable environment and achieving sustainable development. The F.; Ministry of Environment is the Focal Point and Designated National Authority implementation of a number ofthe international conventions. The ones relevant to the pt", hand are: • Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1992 • Montreal Protocol on substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer 1987 (Ratified t

1.6 Terms of Reference and Scope of the Study

The principal task of the environmental (consultant) shall be to conduct an EIA f:" LAMATA building which is to be constructed in the Central Business District, Alausa, ; The purpose of the EIA shall be to develop the scope, cost and schedule for m1tir environmental management plan (EM P) or environmental remediation and compliari':';~ (ERCP), and monitoring activities to timely and efficiently address the identified problem,

The initial task of the Consultant is to organize a tour of the sites(s), survey o'~ , characteristics, review of applicable legislation and standards. Review of all available 1':

EtA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarten Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja, Lagos State "'~,-~-~-.~ and applicable permits and licenses, pending litigation, interviews with appropriate personnel sand public consultations, and communities within the central business area.

The Consultant will work closely with the LAMA TA Senior Environmental Specialist, Deputy Director Safeguards, FME staff, and other appropriate LAMA TA staff. This assignment will include, but not limited to the following aspects:

Initial Meeting

An initial briefing will take place at LAMA TA in Lagos, Nigeria between the Consultant, LAMA T A Safeguards and the Engineering Departments in charge of the building construction and Lagos State MOE representative.

Environmental Institutional Review

A review in details of relevant EHSS legislation, regulations and standards, permits, etc, pertinent to the facilities' operations, collecting all other data and documentation related to the EHSS aspects of facilities and operations. Prioritize EHSS Concerns: (a) Identify all EHSS concerns related to past, ongoing and future activities, (b) Prepare a prioritized list (Le. high, medium and low) of concerns related to past, on-going and future activities, (c) For past, ongoing and future concerns provide recommendations and estimated costs for any additional work or remediation, monitoring and capacity building measures that are required.

Site Inspection

Inspect all institutional buildings i.e. banks, residential and some other multi- storey buildings in and around the area.etc, private properties and access roads within the immediate environment to ascertain the level of impact ofthe proposed building on traffic activities. The EIA will take into account all projects, activities and existing building facilities pertaining to the different project sites.

Task 1: Description of proposed Project The Consultant is to provide information on (1) location of all project - related development sites, general facilities at project development sites, pre - construction activities, construction activities, schedule, staffing and support, facilities and services, operation and maintenance activities. The consultant is also to provide maps to illustrate the general setting of the project related development sites, as well as surrounding areas, which can be potentially affected, including topographic contours, if available locations of major surface waters, roads, parks and town centers. The Project's description should also provide information on existing land use patterns, including residential, offices, marketing, etc.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building. CBn Alausa -Ikeja. Lagos State Task 2: Description of the Environment This task entails gathering, evaluating and presenting baseline data on the envirorH' characteristics of the target assessment area. The purpose is to inform on any anticipated before the start of the projects. This description involves: (i) the physical environm';,c' topography, geology climate and meteorology, surface water hydrology); Oi) b;o~" environment (Le., Flora types and diversity, within or adjacent to projects intervention including wetlands, sensitive habitats); (iii) Socio-economic and cultural environment, in, present and projected, where appropriate (Le., population, land use, planned devel activities, community structure.

Task 3: Legislative and Regulatory Framework Elucidate the relevant regulations and standards governing environmental quality, hea.lr safety, protection of sensitive areas, and land use control at the national and local levels.

Task 4: Determination of Potential Impacts of the projects Identify and describe all potential significant changes brought about by the projects. These' encompass environmental and social impacts, both positive and negative, as a result of p int4rventions, such as involuntary resettlement, social conflicts and disturbance, threats \( and natural resources, biodiversity, natural habitats. It is important in this section to diffi~"~ between short, medium and long-term. Also, it is important to assess the envirorn, awareness and commitment of implementing agencies. Assess the changes brought aboli! 1 projects on baseline environmental and social conditions discussed in Task 2. Describe th t and quality of available data and any pertinent information deficiencies, which might 1'1 '~ projection of impacts.

Task 5: Analysis of Alternatives of the proposed Project The EIA should provide an evaluation of reasonable alternatives to fulfill the lilt [ development objective of the projects. Assess the. extent to which these alternatives ar~' . appropriate from an environmental, socioeconomic and cultural standpoint than the prol projects. Include the counterfactual scenario - not implementing the projects - in ore, underline the environmental and social conditions without it. The consultant should alternatives routes and sites, alternative plan method of construction, etc.

Delineate how the alternatives compare in terms of their potential impacts; capital and ope) costs, suitability under local conditions, including skill requirements, public and Xl . acceptabi1ity.

Task 6: Development of Checklists and Guidelines Screening mechanism should he develop as a tool to review the scope and magnitl' environmental and social impacts. It should also help determine whether further enviro"m assessments need to be carried out. The checklist should he accompanied by guidel (tl~

mitigation and integrated into the overall framework for site selection and other physica 1 I. to be undertaken by LAMAT A.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters BuRding, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State "'- .."'"-"'"' --"'~--- Task 7: Development of a Management Plan to mitigate negative Impacts A generic environmental Management Plan would entail recommending feasible• and cost effective measures to prevent, mitigate or reduce negative impacts. The consultant is to provide cost outlays for the proposed measures, as well as their institutional and capacity building requirements to implement them. This should ideally be presented in a matrix / table format. It is noteworthy that the consultant:

• Clearly define responsibilities for implementing the environmental management plan in relation to the resources affected by the projects. These should be spelt out and appropriately resourced; and • Identify arrangements for coordination between the various actors for mitigation.

Task 8: Development of Monitoring Plan The consultant is to design a monitoring plan for the implementation of mitigation measures. The monitoring plan should clearly indicate the linkages between impacts identified in the ElA, indicators to he measured, methods to be used, sampling locations, and frequency of measurements and definition of thresholds indicating the need for corrective actions. It is important all aspects of the monitoring arrangements. be appropriately costed and the responsibilities clearly defined. Reporting arrangements for environmental and social management monitoring, need to be integrated into the overall monitoring and evaluation program within LAMAT A.

Task 9: Environmental and Social Impact Assessment requirements In this section, the Consultant is to review regulations and guidelines as it pertains to environmental and social impact assessment. These may include: • World Bank Safeguard Policies; • National laws and / or regulations on environmental reviews and impact assessment; • Environmental assessment regulation.

The EIA Report

The ElA report shall satisfy the requirements of LASEPA and the FMENV. The ElA shall be concise, written in a manner that it can be easily comprehend, and limited to significant environmental and social issues.

The ElA Report shall be presented in a concise format containing all studies, processes, analyses, tests and recommendations for the project. The report shall focus on the findings, conclusions and any recommended actions, supported by summaries of the data collected and citations for any references used. The format ofthe reports shall be as follows: • Table of Contents • Executive Summary • List of Maps • List of Tables • Acknowledgement

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa lkeja. Lagos State ...... - ...... -..~- • ESHIA Preparers • Introduction • Project Justification • Project and I or Process Description • Description of the Environment (baseline data acquisition) • Associated and Potential Environmental Impacts • Mitigation Measures I Alternatives • Environmental Management Plan • Remediation Plans after dc-commissioninglclosure/abandonment • Conclusions and Recommendations • Glossary of terms • Bibliography • Appendices

Administrative Arrangement

The Consultant shall perform all required tasks to carry out the assignment. He shall also .;>:, '. the assignment in close collaboration with LAMATA safeguards and the Federal Milli; , Environment. However, the Consultant shall be solely responsible for the anal)'\.!~ interpretation of data, reports, review etc (or the purpose of this assignment and for the nne' conclusions and recommendations in the reports).

In carrying out the assignment the Consultant will report to LAMA TA through the LA \/ Environmental I Social Safeguards who will facilitate coordination with other Consult'l"it relevant Government Departments. The Consultant shall draw the attention of the LAM·\ any major issue pertinent to the successful execution ofthe assignment.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa -lkeja. Lagos State It CHAPTER TWO

2.0 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION

The proposed project is in fulfillment of LAMA T A's need and desire to build a corporate headquarters to perform its functions efficiently and effectively.

2.1 Need for the Project

LAMA TA presently occupies rented spaces at the Motorway Plaza along the Lagos - Ibadan Express Way. Corporate Headquarters (HQ) denotes the location where most, if not all, of the important functions of an organization will be coordinated and is a key element of a corporate structure. In view of this strategic role of LAMA T A, a corporate headquarters is most needful at this stage of development.

2.2 Value of the Project

The principal benefit of the project will be the enhancement of business and investment opportunities in the CBD Area and economic benefit to the State in general.

2.3 Envisaged Sustainability

Environmental Protection consideration shall be integrated into all stages of construction, operation and maintenance.

All facilities and process shall be designed in such a way that environmental disruption will be kept to the barest minimum.

Excavation works and soil disturbance shall be restricted to the building site and limited to the minimum space required for operation and safety.

Proper Environmental Management Plan shall be instituted at all Project phases.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State For sustainability, the project shall be built along contour lines, green movement shall be c;; internally and externally while operation and maintenance cost would be reduced by pi; and design.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State CHAPTER THREE • 3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION.

3.1 Type of Project

The proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters building is expected to be a bio-climatic building, a building that functions with minimal inputs from its occupants, building that lives, and an intelligent building. The building shall be designed for both LAMA TA Staff and also for office lease. It will consist of 12 floors (basement not included) of which two floors can be used for car park. The Project lifespan is expected to be not less than 50 years.

3.2. Location of Project

It is to be located in the existing Central Business District area of Alausa in Ikeja Local Government Council Area of Lagos State. It is strategically positioned at the T- Junction directly 2 opposite the Regional Office of Skye Bank. The total Area of the site is 2988.44 m • The land for the building was acquired by the Lagos State Government. The plot is bordered by ASSBIFI Road and Obafemi Awolowo Way.

Map 3.1: Lagos State within the context of Nigeria

EIA Report for Prop05ed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBO Alausa -lkeja. Lagos State Map 3.2: Ikeja Local Government Area within Lagos State

IKIJA IN ITIIIIIORAL IImNI

lCil,OO I SCALE: 1~ 110,1100 i • REST Ofll

Source: Regional and Master Plan Department, Ministry of Planning and Urban Develon Ikeja; Lagos State. (June 2008)

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State It Map 3.3: Ikeja Local Government Area and Contiguous Development Council Areas

IKE..JA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA AND DEVELOPMENT L

MINISTRY OF PHYSICAL PLANNING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT,' SCALI!: 1 : 13.000 REGIONAL AND MASTER PLAN DEPARTMENT, JUNE 2008

Source: Regional and Master Plan Department, Ministry of Planning and Urban Development, Ikeja; Lagos State. (June 2008)

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquartel'll Building. CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos Smte Map 3.4: Revised Lagos State Land Use Plan 2001/2002

IlEOIOtW. ~;'1 !ill ("~'MN.WA~"'lC5tIoEl(! ~"IrAAR~ f(JRS;$; AI«l Wl.D P...... wiJI££S """""'"~t.IC1P,f,lI..AWt~_ - r'--'

Source: Regional and Master Plan Department, Ministry of Planning and Urban Deve!otj '. Ikeja; Lagos State. (June 2008)

Map 3.S: Lagos State Regional Plan: Existing Land Use Plan 2002 r Ii 1 Ii Ii l

PAF\I($. CflEW SPA.::Ft. Rt!CR£Io.TlOH6lt.ll.'A'$l1

FfiWAiE ESTAT£ Of''''~LfAENT -== WATiR80ttt Source: Regional and Master Plan Department, Ministry of Planning and Urban Devel'OIl! Ikeja; Lagos State. (June 2008)

ElA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa Ikeja. Lagos State 3.3. Building Conceptual Design Plans and Layout • The prototype Architectural Design ofthe building is indicated in Figures 3a and 3b.

The space requirements are based on the organogram and hierarchy of authorized staff for LAMAT A with an allowance for 100% anticipated growth ofstaff. • There is car parking provision for LAMAT A staff estimated at 30 • There is provision of office floors with social spaces, kitchenettes, stores and toilet facilities • There is provision of nothing less than 3 staircases, one for entrance lobby and two shall serve as fire escape stairs to be sited at opposite ends ofthe building • There is provision of a central entrance lobby, well defined and easily accessible to all especially the physically challenged individuals .. it will be the focal point of the building and will direct visual relationship with the vertical circulation shafts (elevators and the main central stairs.) • There shall be two elevators (one for LAMATA and the other for commercial) • All staircases shall be enclosed and totally fireproof. They are to have smoke vestibules • The internal spaces will be treated with sparse vegetation to emphasis the bioclimatic concept. • The offices are to have ceiling plenums (to accommodate pipes for sprinklers, air conditioning ducts, electrical wiring, etc,) and raised floor plenum for flexible cable management and under floor air distribution with individual user comfort controls. • There will be a maintenance unit room to be provided on each floor for possible electrical use • The building fenestration will be double glazed ( with air cavity in between to absorb and channel heat) that can be opened to allow for natural ventilation (if necessary) • There will be provision for solar energy as back up for power supply, besides the two generating plants • Every room in the building will get adequate natural lighting and ventilation with a direct circulation path that is clear and accessible. • There will be zoning of the generator house, low voltage room, voltage switch room, water treatment house/ borehole, septic tank! sewage treatment plant in the same region • There will be well laid out fire protection, security system, telephone/ data system • There will be adequate provision oftoilet facilities, canteen, drivers waiting rooms • There will be secure fencing for the site. The site shall be bounded by low see - through fence along Obafemi Awolowo Way and ASSBIFI Road. • Provision for connection of site to local electricity supply grid and connection to a back up generator. Access and parking for delivery vans will be provided • Provision of water storage tanks for domestic water consumption in the building as well fire fighting. • There will be provision for motorcycles and bicycles parking. • The total number of car parks to be provided shall not be less than 250 of which 10 shall be for the physically challenged. 1 car / 40m2 of Lettable space 31

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State • Setbacks: The setbacks stipulated for the Alausa CBn are: Front: 9 metres Side & Rear: 6 metres

• Height of Building: 12 Floors ofwhich 2 can be used for Car Parking (basement excluded) Basement with maximum excavation depth at 4.5 metres. This is subject to appro\'(j! the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) due to the closeness of the CBn the Air Corridor of the Murtala Muhammed Airports.

• Site coverage: 40 45% of Project site

• Provision for water and sewage treatment plants

• Site Entrance: 40 metres from Road Junction

• Site Exit: 40 metres from Road Junction

• Fire Protection facilities

• Zoning: Offices and Commercial

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA T A Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State It Plate3a: Side view of the Proposed LAMAT A Corporate Headquarters

Plate3b: Front View ofthe Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State 3.4 Construction Concepts

The technical approach and methodology for this project is divided into three, namely; o Preliminary design stage, o Production of working drawings and details (detailed design) stage, and o Project construction supervision stage.

3.4.1. Preliminary design stage: This includes obtaining client's brief on the projecl . I describes the requirement for the project/design, visiting, appraising and analyzing the si·'~ is followed by the illustration and description of the proposal outline. The client is advi!;~\ guided when taking major decisions on the design as it relates to town planning apj Finally, preparation of design scheme and layout which consist of preliminary design dw including 3-Dimensional drawings are done.

On completion of the architectural preliminary drawings the structural engineers also d preliminary design and preliminary member sizes and anticipated loads on the founda:,ir estimated. At this stage soil engineering consultants are commissioned to carry out ': investigation to determine the foundation type, depth and anticipated settlement. The Services Engineers also carry out preliminary design and cost estimates. The Quantity Surveyor also carries out preliminary cost estimates ofthe project.

If the cost is within the budget of the Client, the work progresses to the next stage. If :\; preliminary design and specification are reviewed.

3.4.2. Production of working drawings and details: This is a comprehensive prepafiHi . working drawings and other contract documents. These drawings will include detailed site showing the design orientation and configuration, statutory setbacks, external works and relevant information, floor plans, detailed sections, elevations, schedules; window, door, pai ; etc. This is followed by the coordination and reconciliation of all the drawings and input' consultants.

The obtaining of information and other design from manufacturers and suppliers for the fU . of detailing design schemes is followed by the reconciliation of all drawings (stnK

mechanical, electrical) and bills of quantities with the architectural design/construction dn'\; 1 The client is then advised on the appropriate form of contract and preparation of t·· documents. The issuing of invitations to tender is the penultimate step of this stage.

When the tender documents are returned by the bidders, the client is assisted in evaluat ;~ bids and appropriate recommendations made based on agreed selection criteria.

3.4.3. Supervision stage: On completion of the selection process of the Contractor, th,~ I is assisted to ensure that all documentation and conditions precedent to the commencemen'; project are met.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBO Alausa -Ikeja. Lagos State It As soon as conditions are met, the site is handed over to the contractor and effective commencement date is agreed.

The supervision and coordination of all site works including formal site and technical meetings and producing and circulating the minutes of such meetings to all parties, as well as carrying out administrative duties like issuance of payment certificate and submission of progress reports to the client commences.

During the construction stage the consultants will visit the site regularly and at critical stages for any discipline, visits will be more frequent or even the Consultant will be resident on site.

Upon practical completion ofthe works, there shall be a site visit with the client for handing over the building and a list of defect noticed will be compiled and given to the contractor for correction. The next step shall be the issuance of a certificate of practical completion of works and the final payment certificate on expiration of the defect liability period and correction of all defects identified.

3.5. Project Schedule

It is understood that the project is at the conceptual stage. The projected schedule for a Construction project of such nature is 24 months from inception to completion. The EIA Process is an integral component ofthe Project Schedule.

EfA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - fkeja. Lagos State CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 DESCRIPTION OF mE ENVIRONMENT INCLUDING DATA ACQUIST'~ 1

This Chapter describes all relevant physical chemical, biological economical, social and (, factors existing in the project area, against which subsequent changes can be detected monitoring. The baseline study is thus a record of what existed in the project location prlc'" . execution of the proposed project. All baseline data have been gathered in such a way importance of the particular area to be affected can be placed in the context of the reF surroundings and that the effects ofthe proposed changes can be predicted.

4.1 Study Approach.

Field studies and sampling were conducted between 25 th June and 29th June 2009 in obtain an accurate picture ofthe various ecosystem types and their dynamics.

Extensive reconnaissance of the project area and surrounding communities by motor veldt: foot were undertaken on the first day of the study programme, 25th June 2009. Basec\ exploratory survey, vegetation transect and quadrants; soil, water, air and noise samplin,:; r socio-economic and health data gathering areas were established. The study area and points adequately encompassed the proposed project location with sufficient buffer to cap~. extreme boundaries of environmental influence which the project construction, operatin maintenance activities may possibly have. The grid coordinates of each sampling local.jn determined using hand held global positioning system equipment Garmin GPS MAP 76.

4.2. Baseline Data acquisition Methods

Information presented in this report was acquired from literature review and the results , investigations, in situ measurements, and laboratory analysis. All baseline data gall activities were carried out in accordance with the Federal ministry of Environment at applicable international standards and guidelines. Field sampling methods and tabo'. procedures were consistent with established and standard methodologies (ASTM, .\' USEPA, etc). The Area of Influence considered for the Baseline Study is the CBD Area which is in the range of 5 to 10km around the Project site.

The details of field protocol, sample collection and preservation as well as laboratory ,}r, are given in the Appendix. Adequate quality control and quality assurance measures weI': at every stage of the project execution. Details of the QA &QC procedures are give"l Appendix.

The Water and Soil Samples which were collected in respect of this EIA Study were ana , Jawura Environmental Services Limited, an Accredited Laboratory by the Federal Mini,,1 Environment, the Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency (LASEPA), and the KI

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters BuUdlng, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State Environmental Standards and Regulatory Enforcement Agency (NESREA). A copy of the Analysis Report and comments is attached to the Appendix for ease of reference. • Literature Review / Desktop Researcb

Extensive review of available literature was undertaken to acquire information and baseline data on the physical, chemical, biological, socio- economic and cultural characteristics of the project area. Materials reviewed included previous EIA Studies, text books, reports, journal articles, survey maps and aerial photographs. The remaining part of this chapter described the essential characteristics ofthe various environmental components of the study area.

The available literatures and reports on Ikeja such as: • Lagos Metropolitan Master Plan • Reviewed Regional Plan • Report on Central Business District by City Beautiful Associates • Wemabod Estates Limited Report by Hob Consult • Review ofGRA Jkeja by Oluwadare Associates • Other secondary data from Government Agencies / Parastatals were assembled and reviewed for the Project.

Previous Studies on Ikeja and its environs

An overview of the previous studies for the Model City both by the Government, Agencies and Planning Consultants alike revealed that 'Ikeja' is an urban city centre of Commerce and Industries. It is also an Administrative and economic growth centre of the State coupled with unprecedented population and migration due to employment opportunities. However, all "studies" were attempted to remodel, re-plan and redevelop Ikeja for future growth and sustainable development.

The White Paper of August 1990 on the review of Town and Country Planning (Building Regulations) examined the adequacies and otherwise of the operative Planning Regulations and made amendments where necessary with a view to preserving acceptable standards in various planning area. The major roads affected by the review are Obafemi Awolowo Way, Allen/Opebi, Toyin Street, Kodesoh and Ore gun roads. The building height / floor was increased to six (6) floors while the zoning was changed from residential to mixed uses. Also the prevailing Building Regulations (2005) improved on the review and extended the mixed uses corridor to other areas of Agidingbi, Acme, Wempco, Adeniyi Jones, and Ogba-Isheri roads while the building height / floors was increased to 15 floors subject to Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority (N.C.A.A) clearance.

The Report prepared by Oluwadare Associates on the review of the Ikeja GRA Scheme April, 1997 was reviewed. The review became imperative in order to regulate the activities of individuals and groups in such a way as to minimize the bad effects which may arise, and to promote better performance of physical environment as well as the need to overhaul the control

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa lkeja. Lagos State mechanisms and modification of the plans to suit the changing circumstances that hay\: into playas result of political, economic, social and environmental forces amongst others.

The Report identified the missing uses particularly the planned population and ina,;! provision of services and facilities such as refuse collection points, school type etc. Al:;n, roads like Adekunle Fajuyi, Isaac John, Joel Ogunnaike, Oduduwa Way were design, mixed uses corridor.

Finally, the Scheme was reviewed and Approval Order recommended to ensure a more (~ and functional neighbourhood to live and work.

The Wemabod Estate Limited which was created in 1960 and owned by the defunct \I' Nigeria Housing Corporation (WNHC) was reviewed by HOB Consult in 2004.

The objective of creating the Estate was to create a functional, efficient and an aest'lf:' pleasing district for residential and industrial development as well as to enhance the devel. of the old Western Region by making Ikeja a growth centre. It led to the transformatjc"i erstwhile docile environment of Ikeja to an active Residential, Commercial and III district.

The pace of development and changes across the type, form and nature of the landuse:; consequently had negative impacts on the Estate culminated into the review of the Development Plan ofthe Estate in 2004.

The Revised Plan provided a base for guiding and monitoring the growth of the Estal enhancing its value and functionality.

Furthermore, the review of the Study on the Ikeja Central Business District by City Be' Associates, 1999 was overviewed.

The Project exhaustively deliberated on the review of the Lagos Metropolitan Master PLt Lagos State Regional Plan 1980 - 2000.

This was used to determine the boundary of Ikeja Urban District and Ikeja Capital Ci) affects all land-uses activities as well as to undertake survey of economic and emph" facilities etc.

The Master Plan for Metropolitan Lagos zoned Lagos Area into seven (7) major Cities and five (35) Urban Districts. Ikeja is one ofthe major cities identified and with 6 Urban Dist"!c:

The Master Plan noted that Ikeja Township was yet to be re-planned and comprehl !' redeveloped to reflect its status as the Capital of Lagos State created since 1976.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alaun - Ikeja. lagos Stale -~"-~-- Finding also shows that several areas within the Ikeja Capital Area are generally flooded during the rains and this was attributed largely to inadequate drainage system as well as• having to construct buildings along or near natural drainage channels.

The Study designated Ikeja CBD as "counter magnet area" to the Business District of Lagos Island where all types of land-uses and high rise buildings will be located and these have being developed accordingly.

Finally, the Report proposed a detailed land-use for Ikeja CBn with the need for the provision of adequate infrastructure and emphasized that the implementation of the proposals must stress and uphold the strategies highlighted in the Master Plan for Metropolitan Area. These strategies· include the consolidation of the roles ofCBD activities in terms of complementing growth of the Metropolitan Area, and concentrating landuse activities in a manner that reinforces the roles. Joint commercial and institutional development must be encouraged in conjunction with principal transportation modes.

4.3. Geographic Location

The proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building project is located at the comer plot bounded by Obafemi Awolowo Way and ASSBIFI Road in Central Business District (CBD), Alausa within the Ikeja Local Government Area of Lagos State. The total area of the site is 2,988. 44m 2 and is strategically located at the T- junction directly opposite the Regional Office of Skye Bank.

Map 4.1: Area Map of the CBD, Alausa in Ikeja Local Government Area

'THE PROPOSED LAMATA BUILDING IN THE CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT, ASSBIFI ROAD, OFF AWOLOWO ROAD, IKEJA. LAGOS STATE.

Source: Culled from Sustainabiliti Limited 2009 Dairy

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Amusa - Ikeja. Lagos State Plate 4.1: Aerial view of project site location opposite the Skye Bank on ASSBJFI Road

Source: Sustainabiliti Limited Field Study June 2009

4.4 Geology, Topography & Hydrology

The project site is of basement complex, underlain by the coastal plain sands which are Ir :1 of a mixture of clays, sands and sandy clays. The slopes in the area generally trend north" from a high point of over 70m above sea level in Alausa, Shangisa and Ore gun. The slop, generally gentle with strong profiles identifiable only in the incised stream valleys g')!S Shangisa and Ore gun streams (A range of 5 km to project area)

Hydrologically, the coastal plain sands incorporate a relatively complex acquifers bas(~fl . number of thin lenticular bands of sand that are in hydraulic continuity. In the project an: lowest bands are best developed at depths of 40 ~ 100m below mean sea level with ft: i appreciable yield for domestic and industrial uses.

Regional Geology

Nigeria lies within the mobile belt of Africa affected by Pan-Africa orogeny and is sambi. between the geologically more stable and older West African Craton and Congo Crabn diverse rock types can in order of increasing age be subdivided into three main groups. • The Basement Complex (500 - 2500 million years) • The Younger Granite (140 - 250 million years)

EIA Report lor Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos Slate • The Sedimentary Series (120 million years - recent) • The geology of Nigeria reveals that various units of the geological succession range in age from Precambrian to the Quaternary. The Precambrian rocks are partly overlain by Cretaceous sediments, which are approximately 120 million years old. More recent sediments overlie the Cretaceous sediments in some arrears, but lie on the Precambrian in others (Kogbe, 1974).

Geology of Lagos State

Lagos State lies in South-western Nigeria and the formation found here occur within the sedimentary series. The State overlies Dahomey basin which extends almost from Accra in Ghana, through the Republic of Togo and Benin to Nigeria where it is separated from Niger Delta basin by Okitipupa ridge at the Benin hinge flank. According to Jones and Hockey, (1964) the geology of South-western Nigeria reveals a sedimentary basin which is classified under five major formations according to their geological formation age namely: the Littoral and the Lagoon deposits, Coastal Plain sands, the lIaro formation, the Ewekoro formation and the Abeokuta formation overlying the crystalline basement complex with their ages ranking from Recent to Cretaceous. Four of these formations excluding lIaro, constitute aquifers in the Dahomey Basin, from which the geological section of Lagos was drawn. The lIaro formation is composed predominantly of shaley clay (argillaceous sediments). Limestone forms the aquifer material in Ewekoro formation while sands and gravels constitute the materials in aquifers ofthe recent sediments, Coastal Plain sands and Abeokuta formations contain brackish water.

Geomorphology

Topographically, Lagos State lies entirely within the coastal plain of Nigeria which is characterised by sand bars, lagoons and creeks. The land on the northern fringe of the state has soils that do not rise very much above sea level. Steady costal retreat is occurring in some areas as a result of grand scale. The State is endowed with very little arable land. Altogether, four soil groups are identifiable. On the western half of the costal margin, juvenile soil on recent windborne sands occurs. The second soil group is juvenile soil on fluviomarine alluvium (mangrove swamp) which covers the rest of the coastal areas towards the east. The third soil group occurs in the middle and northern-eastern sections of the hydromorphic soiL The last group consists mainly of red ferrallitic soils in discontinuous patches.

4.4.1 Water Studies

Due to massive influx of people from other parts of Nigeria to Lagos metropolis, the population of Lagos has increased from ten to fifteen million in recent times and there is annual population increase of3% (UNDP, 2006).

Water is the most important natural resources without which life would be nonexistent. Availability of safe and reliable source of water is an essential prerequisite for sustainable development. However, groundwater is not only a valuable resource for water supply, but also a vital component of the global water cycle and the environment. As such, groundwater provides

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters BuDding. CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State ~... "'.. ; .;, '.';.";"~.'"; . ....-;;}~ ,. ' , J... water""to 'rivers,lakes, ponds and wetlands helping to maintain water levels and SW;!:l ecosystems.

The scope of water studies for the project site broadly comprised the following specific a',;i, • Physico- chemical water quality • Microbiolgical water quality

Storm water samples from the public drainage around the project site was taken durir. period June 2Znd and June 26th 2009 in wet season and forwarded to an accredited labma Jawura Environmental Services for analysis. The result from the storm water sample is ilJd in Table 4.1.

Water Analysis

Water quality parameters analyzed are physical properties such as: pH, colour, temp':'!" conductivity, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and hardness. ell::' parameters such as: sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (MgZ+), iron (Fe2+), man;;>' (Mn+), aluminium (AI3+), zinc (Zn2+), silver (Ag+), copper (Cu2+), chloride (Cl-), fiuo!'! nitrate (N03 -), sulphate (S04 2-) and phosphate (P04 3-) were a1so analysed from each <,f';

pH was analyzed using a pH meter. Cations were analyzed using an atomic abs(1' , spectrophotometer (Perkin - Elemer AAS311 0), while anions were analyzed us; r.' colorimetric method with UV, spectrophotometer (WPASllO). Total dissolved solid:; ( were analyzed using the gravimetric method (Ofoma et al., Z005).

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State Table 4.1: PHYSICO - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS RESULT OF STORM WATER SAMPLE•

PARAMETERS RESULT FMENV LIMIT WORLD BANK 8 (mgll) Appearance Turbid Colourless & clear 6-9 pH 6.80 6.5-9.0 Colour (Pt-Co) 70 Turbidity (FTU) 82 Conductivity (Uslcm) 107 Acidity (mgIL) 58.55 Alkalinity (mgIL) 92.53 Total Solids (mgIL) 140.00 Total Dissolved Solids (mglL) 102.00 2000.00 Total Suspended Solids (mglL) 38.00 30.00 50 Total Hardness (mgIL) 68.45 Calcium Hardness (mglL) 37.34 Magnesium Hardness (mglL) 31.11 Chloride (mgIL) 8.69 600.00 Sodium Chloride (mgIL) 14.34 Sulphate (mgIL) 11.4 Phosphate (mgIL) 0.90 Nitrate (mgIL) 1.10 Chemical Oxygen Demand (mgIL) 26.40 80.00 250 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mgIL) 17.60 50 Oil and Grease (mglL) ND 10.00 10

METALS Iron (mglL) 7.38 20.00 3.5 Lead (mgIL) 0.27 <1.00 0.1 Zinc (mglL) 0.11 <1.00 2.0 Nickel (mgIL) ND <1.00 0.5 Copper (mgIL) 0.21 <1.00 0.5 Cadmium (mgIL) ND <1.00 0.1 Manganese (mglL) 0.07 5.00 Chromium (mgIL) 0.01 <1.00 0.5

MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS 2 Total Plate Count (cfU! mL) 42 X 10 Coliform Count (cfu II00mL) 19 Nil < 400 MPN/100 ml

Note: ND = Non - Detectable

.II Source: World Bank Document - Pollution Prevention & Abatement Handbook Page 438

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State This EIA Study reviewed the previous assessment of the quality of ground water fic'" different borehole locations in the area of influence of the project in Lagos State, Nigeria. The results show that: temperature ranges from 26.6 - 27.8°C, pH (7.27), average condu (462.2 _s/cm), TDS (204.73 mg/I), Total hardness (18.48 - 297.70 mg/I) and C concentration (343.3 mg!l).

However a high value of chloride, 343.3 mg/l, was recorded in one of the water sample but, this is higher and above the limit of WHO guidelines of portable water (250mg/I). T-,i be due to the proximity of the area where the sample was collected to the sea. Five sarar the water are soft, that is, hardness was within a range of 0 - 75 mg/I recommended drinking water, one is moderately hard while three samples are hard. Also the presence (li'! such as zinc, manganese, sodium, copper and magnesium were also observed. Results S-I, not all the water samples are safe for drinking purposes.

t Table 4.2: Hydro chemical parameters of borehole water samples from Lagos acquifer ;

SPfNo Temp pH Odour Color ~. ~. Fe! ConductIviy TOO ("C) (lrviQ (m9'Q (mI{l) J.!S'.cm (mgll) M'OI 2.6.7 6.27 UrdIjeci tagss 32.6 j1.oo O.lH a1.00 14.70 i~ SPf2 26.6 6.43 Uncbjoot C(j~!l9 4&1 1527 (UP 63.20 20.70 iOl"llll» Sl¥3 2115 6.+6 IJrmjegt Camss 8.8 9.68 Il.OO 198.00 95.10 i~ SP!4 2UI 6J)4 UIlIbjQ;:t COOUl1Q.u 32.1 19.00 0.18 437.00 21100 I~ SPI!)5 25,0 7.07 Un~ CotOUl1Q.ss 45.0 37.60 C.tS 41D.OO 107.&Cl OM" SPfOO 27.e 7.04 IJntbjr! CoIOUIIIlss 100.0 91.00 0.29 617.00 30000 ctiOlllti:! SPt07 27.5 7.45 ~ SIIghIty 1!!(l.G 10ana 0.29 1511.00 75100 tmIbI!I ~d SPf()I 2&2 !i.OJ Ul¥bjecI SIghIIr 117.0 104.00 0.31 71g.oo 300.00 iooa.lil rolwmd SP!OO 21.0 7.66 Unob,klc CoIOUIIIlss 10.3 1~.1() 0.01 112.10 53.30 tiooabl9

Source: Adebo B.A and Adetoyinbo A.A, 2009

Note: SP/OI - Omole; SPI2 - Vaba; SP/3 - Magodo; SP/4 - Igando; SP/5 - Owode; SP/6 - Surlf!: SP/7 - Eti-Osa; SP/8 - Victoria Island; SP/9 - Oregun

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarten Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State It Table 4.3: Hydro chemical parameters of borehole water samples from Lagos aquifers

2 SPMo 112+ eU + In2+- AI\. NIl' Af F" Q' Nlij' P814~ r.M Sum of Sum of SU!p1i8 (mg1)) (1gI1) (~ ('1Iwll (~ (119'1) (1'IgI1I (m~ (mg1l (mfI» (IIfl) ANor.s CIIIDns f1r91 (mgA) (tnfI) SPf01 til Ul 17.0 0.001 0.0 0.000 O,M 10.M lD O.t! 10.0 lag 50.72 O.~ SPI2 o(Yt 0,03 15.27 0.001 0.0 MOl 0.01 15.9+ 12 0.00 61.66 19£15 61.7' 2.G SP13 001 0.03 9.68 0.000 0.1 0.001 0.08 lUG 10.4 0.00 19.58 42.21 18.72 1.) SPI4 005 0.00 10.0 0.001 0.2 C.(J(}2 0.11 53.6* 11 O.to 51.53 S8J5 51.92 13.0 SPI05 004 0.00 31.6 0.001 0.2 C.OOO 0.19 58.06 1.3 0.42 B'J.86 SS.CO M.tS 8.0 SPioo OW 021 97.0 0.002 0.3 0.000 0.12 75.63 1.4 U! 206.28 '21.11 200.86 44.0 SP/Ol 008 025 ao 0.003 0.8 O.OO! 0.18 343.31 1: O.H 2)7}0 417.15 ~.gj 72.0 SPiOl 006 0.10 104.0 0.002 0.4 a.oat 0.13 '21.00 U 0.50 221.51 '83.Q] 222.1U 00.0 SPiOO O(Yt 0.05 12.1 0.000 0.0 0.000 0.05 22.n 1.2 0.~1 22.51 35.14 22.5e 11.0 Toa-T~ .1Ire<: de; ToM- Taliadr!81; T9S- Totahuspendtl dd.

Source: Adebo B.A and Adetoyinbo A.A, 2009

Note: SP/Ol - Omole; SP/2 - Yaba; SP/3 - Magodo; SP/4 - Igando; SP/S - Owode; SP/6 - Surulere; spn - Eti-Osa; SP/8 - Victoria Island: SP/9 - Oregun

Table 4.4: Range values of physic-chemical parameters (WHO) 1984 standard for drinking water

SINo Comltnlration lI"e' HigholtdMfn* MaxImum Iev.l ~aIbIo '1Itwl 1 pH 7-85 6.5 -9.2: Z CoIof(oH) 5 50 3 Talai di ssol\red sofds (TDS) MgI1 500 1500 4 Total haI'drIiM!Is (T. It) tJgll 100 500 5 Na2"'Mg1 6 K2+MgIt 7 Ctl+MVI 75 200 B Mgt'MgI1 so 150 ~ FeI>t.AgrtI 0>1 1.0 10. P04-MgII 11 003' t.AgI! 45 50 12 SC42-MglI 200 400 13 ct'M;l1 ;/SO 600 14 ool MgIl 12() 15 HOOiMgl! Source: WHO

The temperature ranges between 26.6 and 27.8. The pH of all samples taken range between 6.04- 8.45. For safe drinking water, the highest desirable level is 7- 8.5 (Range values of 45

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alausa Ikej.... Lagos State physical-chemical parameters (WHO, 1984) Standards for drinking water]. However Sl?Hi; to 4, namely Omole (Spl), Yaba (Sp2), Magodo (Sp3) and Igando (Sp4) borehole samp' below the 7.0 desirable pH level. They also fall below the highest permissible range t . (WHO, 1984).

Sample 1 that is borehole water sample from Omole has the least conductivity (Sp I ! sample 7 that is borehole water sample from Eti-Osa has the highest conducth' 1511.00_s/cm. The least Total dissolved solids (TDS) was observed in sample 1 (14. while the highest TDS was observed in sample 7, that is Eti Osa (751 mg/l). The averc was 204.73 mgll.

The chloride concentration is lowest in sample 1 and 2 (that is omole and Yaba). This vald 15.84 mg/l. The highest chloride concentration of 343.20mgll was observed in sample ~'. 1 Eti Osa and the average chloride concentration in all the borehole samples 81.89 mglJ hardness varies between 18.58 and 297 mgl!. 33.33% of the water samples are hard 55.55% are soft, while 11.11% are moderately hard. These results show a direct relal between Chloride concentration, conductivity and the Total dissolved solid TDS. Variatiom among the conductivities, TDS and Chloride values obtained from two locations-Omole J! . -Osa. This is because of the high population densities in these areas and the subsequent hi, of groundwater abstraction.

4.5 Climatic Conditions

The average daily temperature during the rainy season is about 27°c while that of the dry; is about 33°c with a seasonal variation of about 6°c between the hottest month (Mart coolest month (August)

The mean annual rainfall in the area between March and October is approximately 16:: '/ with two peaks in June / July and September and a relatively short cool, dry period in Aug'.;.

The south westerly winds, which moves from the coastal areas towards the hinkr. predominate from March to October bringing rain while the North easterly winds (HarmHt . predominant between November and February, heralding dry season and accompanied !:l' from the Sahara Desert.

Rainfall

As shown in Table 4.5, a total annual rainfall of about 2400mm is recorded. The lowest fint 20mm is most common in January while the maximum of about 355.6mm is in Jul; relatively high rainfall relates to the contiguity ofthe area with the Atlantic Ocean.

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headqua rters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos Stat;; It Table 4.5: Characteristics of Climatic Element in the Project Area

Rainfall Sunshine RH RH Mean Mean Mean (mm) Hours (l6.00Hrs) (lO.OOHrs) Daily Daily Max Daily Temp Temp (Op) Max (0 F) Temp (Op) January 25.4 161.7 60.0 86.5 79.8 89.0 70.5 · February 76.2 158.7 60.0 85.0 81.3 90.1 71.7 March 152.4 139.0 68.5 82.0 81.5 90.1 72.9 April 177.8 141.1 71.0 83.5 81.5 89.8 73.2 May 228.6 146.3 74.5 81.5 80.8 89.1 73.2 June 279.4 99.9 79.5 83.5 78.6 85.1 72.4 i July 355.6 51.2 82.0 84.5 77.0 82.6 71.5 August 254 81.0 79.5 85.5 77.2 82.6 71.6 · September 257.2 67.8 83.0 86.5 77.8 83.7 72.0 i October 254 112.8 78.0 84.0 79.0 86.5 71.9 · November 77.2 137.2 72.0 83.5 80.3 88.5 72.0 December 25.4 165.7 66.5 87.0 79.5 89.1 75.0 i Mean 180.3 121.8 72.9 84.4 79.5 87.2 72.3 Max 355.6 165.7 83.0 87.0 81.5 90.1 75.0 Min 25.4 51.2 60.0 81.5 77.0 82.6 70.5 Std. Deviation 108.7 38.8 8.0 1.8 1.6 2.9 1.1

Source: NIMET Oshodi 2008

Relative Humidity (RH)

In view ofthe geographical location and the direct influence ofthe Atlantic Ocean, RH is usually in excess of 90% over the longer wet season. During the dry season however, the values oscillates between 70% and 85%. This is when a Dry Tropical Continental airmass prevails over the regional. High values are recorded in the early mornings.

Temperature

The apparent movement of the sun, wind direction and speed as well as land configuration influence the temperature of the area. The ambient air temperature varies between 22°C- 26°C and 290C- 35°C during the Wet and the Dry Seasons respectively. Lowest Values are recorded in the months of July and august, around the peak of the dry Season. The diurnal temperature range is kept at a lowly 4°C.

Wind Pattern

The wind pattern also follows the migratory ITO. Thus it is mainly southwesterly during the rainy season and northeasterly during the dry season. In general, the southwesterly swell is

EJA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State prevalent. The wind speed varies between 3 and 8 knots around the coast for most of I h with an average speed of 6 knots.

Incidences of severe storms are now more frequent and on some rare occasions could be as 55 - 60 knots. These are often associated with thunder and lightings especia\l:, changing seasons.

Sunshine Hours

The mean annual sunshine hour in the area is about l537hours per annum. The mean mOl'! July and December respectively. The general low amount of Sunshine hours in July i:; , greater amount of cloudiness and rainfall characteristics of the region. Conversely, tht: December figure is due to the prevalent clear skies when the lTD has once more st(l northward migration.

4.6. AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND NOISE LEVEL

Air Quality

Air pollution may be defined as the presence of any air contaminant (solid, liquid, gas~( combination thereof) or radioactive materials or noise in the atmosphere which is in eli the permissible level/ concentration or presence of any air contaminant having an odour regardless of its concentration and / or noxious health and environmental quality pro!- .

Two types of air pollution sources identified during project site tour are stationary andn Stationary sources include emission from the supporting equipment like stand by cI' generators, among others while mobile sources are vehicles of all forms moving mate I out, and around the project site.

Either from stationary or mobile source, meteorological factors (wind speed, temper rainfall, and pressure) playa significant role on air pollution transportation. They determi"l( far the impact can be felt. To allow for a better prediction of the potential impacts of pro LAMATA building on its immediate and distant environment with adequate recomrr, mitigation measures, air samples were collected at the North, South, West, and East par! project site.

Parameters measured were gaseous emISSIOns, particulates, and noise. Also, elc'l composition of these particulates will be determined in the laboratory for a predki' potential risk of people around to trace metals which are known to be of great concern health sector. All these parameters are of environmental concern (FEP A, 1991) in Nigeria

From the air quality survey carried out at the various selected stations along the Oh' . Awolowo Way at the two road intersections, i.e. the Agidingbi Coca-Cola intercession ai: . T - junction by Governor's road close to the project site during the period 22 nd to 26th Jun:: . the following results were obtained as shown in Table 4.6. The readings obtained in the Ct'",

ElA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alausa -Ikeja. Lagos State It the survey were relatively low which can be attributed to the scavenging and cleaning operation of the wet weather at the period This was comparable to existing data on air quality obtained from LAMATA and summarized in paragraphs 4.6.1 - 4.8.

Table 4.6: Air Quality Assessment around the project site

I LOCATION GPS SOZPPM NOzPPM CO PARTICULATE NOISE Coordinates ppm ppm LEVEL dB(A) Decibels FMEnv. Limit 0.01 0.04-0.06 10.0 250 90 World Bank 70 a Guidelines

Annual arithmetic 50mglm3 70mglm3 mean

Maximum 24-hour I25mgP 150 50mglm3 3 average • mglm

Elephant Cement N06u 37' 01.3" N.D N.D 4 531 66.6 House Fronta2e E003° 21' 22.6" Lilleker N06° 36' 56.7" N.D N.D N.D 135 66.1 Construction Site E003° 21' 23" Inside the Site N 06 036' 56.0" N.D 0.4 7 162 66.7 E003° 21 ' 22.6" At the Governor's N06u 36' 58.1" 27 N.D N.D 657 66.6 Road intersection i·E003°2128.2" to Obafemi i Awolowo Way Inside the triangle N06° 36' 56.0" N.D N.D N.D 189 66.7 opposite the site E003° 21' 22.6" Control open site N 060 36'54.6" N.D N.D 4 54 66.5 E 003° 21 ' 25.8"

Source: Sustainabiliti Limited Field Study June 2009

ND =Not Detected aSource: World Bank Document - Pollution Prevention & Abatement Handbook Page 439

Suspended Particulate Matters

Suspended Particulate Matters are those measures 10microns or less small enough to be suspended in the atmosphere and later inhaled deeply into the respiratory tract. Hence, particulate matter can contribute to respiratory illness, with toxic effect dependent on the chemical nature ofthe particulate and on gases that may be adsorbed on particulate surfaces.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters BuDding, CBD Alausa -Ikeja. Lagos State A~___ From the readings obtained during the survey which was done in wet season, there is scal < and cleaning ofthe atmosphere. This can be attributed to the relatively low observed vallH~;

Nitrogen Oxide (N02)

Only about 10 percent of all NOx emissions come from man-made source. The best is p~i) i naturally by anaerobic biological process in soil and water, by Hghting and volcanic act! and by photochemical destruction of nitrogen compounds in the upper atmosphere. How:' . these circumstances, the readings value of NOx was not detected in most of the selected ' except at a point where there was roadside cooking. The readings detected were still bi: ~ required regulatory limit.

Sulphur Oxide (SOx)

Man made contributions of sulphur oxides emanates from the combustion of sulphur cor fossil, fuel the smelting of sulphur- containing ores and other industrial processes (WHO, ' although there are natural sources of sulphur dioxide (accounting for 35-65 of t013) emissions ) such as volcanoes. From the measurement, the absence of major local possibly explains the non detectable concentrations of SOx in the air in some of the SWl locations.

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Petroleum fuels used in motor vehicles are the largest contributors of CO em :'i Approximately 90 percent of the CO in the urban environments of many countries is attril: \1 mobile sources. CO can also accumulate indoors in acute or fatal doses from the use of co i!. or oil for cooking or in heating appliances that are maladjusted and inadequately vent outside air. However in this circumstance, the absence of a major local source possibly the low level of concentrations of CO in the air of selected locations.

ANALYSIS OF EMISSION DATA FOR THE EXISTING CONDITIONS SCENAr;:1 LAGOS STATE

4.6.1 CURRENT AMBIENT AIR POLLUTANTS CONCENTRAnONS MEASUREMENT

The Summary of the findings of current ambient air pollution concentration measuremi'tI presented here below.

4.6.1.1 Volatile Organic Compounds as Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl benzene and Xylen,e, (BTEX)

From the result of the profile of BTEX in the sampling areas, maximum concentratioll C volatile organic compounds was at the highest ebb at Mazamaza and Maryland in Janua r

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Bundlng, CBD Alausa - Jkeja. Lagos State .'"~ ,,, ..._-----"-;. ~-.-- It (Fig. 4.1). The concentration of BTEX at Imota and Ikotun were slightly lower than the mean highest values but greater than the value for Oshodi.

Fig. 4.1: Values ofBTEX in Sampled Locations

~oo

450 ppbv 400

JSO -Unllag

300 --Maryland .....Imota 250

200

ISO ...... MazamaZ3

100

Oct. 07 Nov.07 Dec. 07 Ja'lJt~nths Mar.08 Apr. OS

Source: LAMAT A Field Study 2008

Although there are no standards for most of the component gases, benzene has been found to be toxic at values greater than 50 ppbv. Benzene has low acute toxicity, but repeated exposure to very high concentrations can cause severe effects on the blood and blood-forming organs in humans, this statement is credited to the quality for health impact assessment report, prepared by WHO European series No. 85 of 1999 (WHO, 1999).

Whether benzene also affects the immune or reproductive systems is not clear. Benzene is, however, known to be a human carcinogen. According to the WHO guidelines for Europe, the concentrations of airborne benzene associated with excess lifetime risk of 1 case per 10 000, 1 per 100000 and 1 per 1 000000 are, respectively: 17, 1.7 and O.l71lg/m3.

The values of the concentration of BTEX exceeded this limit at various times at Ikotun, Oshodi, Maryland and eMS. Imota, Mazamaza, and Ikeja had values that were below this limit in most cases although there were times when this limit was exceeded. The same could be deduced for toluene, ethyl benzene and xylene.

4.6.1.2 Sulphur dioxide, S02

The mean concentration of S02 is highest at Oshodi and lowest at Imota (Table 4.7). The maximum value of 84.3 ppbv was obtained at Ikeja. This could be attributed to the number of 51

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Buildiug, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State trucks loading in this area. The 24-hour limit set by WHO is 47 ppbv and 130 ppbv fot exposure. The limit was exceeded at a number of locations and the annual mean value locations exceeded the WHO limit of 19 ppb.

Table 4.7: Annual Mean Concentration of SOl in various Sampling Locations within Lagos

Ike.ta eMS Imota Ikotun Mazamaza Maryland Oshodi l~\ ! Mean 26.3 29.3 19.1 28.1 33.9 28.4 34.8 3 :; ~--. Min. 19.7 18.3 6 16.3 18.7 13.9 24 2 ._ Max. 41.3 34.3 30 48 53.3 46.7 54.7 4 :; SD 5.2 4.3 7.9 7.8 10.4 7.8 8.6 0 ., ..

Source: LAMAT A Field Study 2008

The highest mean concentration ofS02 was 34.8 ppbv and this was obtained at Oshodi (Fil The mean concentration of3.57 ppbv was obtained at Unilag. 2.5 ppbv was the lowest vah this was obtained at the control point, Unilag. Maryland had its peak value in the TIl October 2007 while Imota site had lowest value in June 2007. The result for Marylanc ppbv and Imota was 6.0 ppbv.

The implication of all these is that while in the gaseous form, S02 can irritate the re~':l i . system; in case of short-term high exposure, a reversible effect on lung functioning ma~ according to individual sensitivity.

The secondary product H2S04 primarily influences respiratory functioning. Its compound as polynuclear ammonium salts or organosulphates, act mechanically in alveoli and, '":' soluble chemicals, they pass across the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract organism. According to the World Health Organisation, particulate aerosol formed by th{~ g. particle formation has been found to be associated with numerous health effects. This mentioned in the section on PMlO.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn AJausa - lkeja. Lagos State Figure 4.2: Concentration of S02 at all the Sampled Locations •

10 ... 0 L - 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 -10 MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC·I DEC·II JAN·I JAN·II FEB·I FEB·II MAR·I MAR·II APR·I APR·II -+-Ikeja _CMS -.-Imota _Ikotun _Mazamaza -'-Maryland __Oshodi -UNILAG

Source: LAMAT A Field Study 2008

4.6.1.3 Nitrogen Oxides, N02

Ikotun environment had the highest value of N02among the eight environment sampled (Table 4.8). The mean value ofN02 at eMS was however the highest closely followed by Ikotun while Unilag had the lowest value. The concentration of N02 was high in February followed by January 2008 (Fig.4.3). This could be attributed to the temperature gradient during this period of the year.

Table 4.8: Value ofN02among the Eight Sampled Environment

;gIkeja CMS Imota Ikotun Mazamaza Maryland Oshodi UNILAG Me 28.2 38.5 23.3 38.2 27.4 32.4 32.3 2.0 Min. 9.2 7.5 2.1 8.2 8 7.6 7.4 I Max. 83.3 91.7 66.7 101.7 70 98 100 5 SD 25.0 27.1 18.3 32.7 16.6 29.0 26.2 0

Source: LAMATA Field Study 2008

At very high concentrations, which may only be encountered in serious industrial accidents, N02 exposure can result in rapid and severe lung damage. Health effects may also occur at the far lower ambient concentrations likely to be observed during pollution episodes in cities.

The available evidence suggests that ambient exposure may result in both acute and chronic effects, especially in susceptible population subgroups such as people with asthma.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa -Ikeja. Lagos State Figure 4. 3: Tbe Concentration ofNOz in all tbe Sampled Locations

700

1'\'1 600 .....E 500 .Ikeja E 400 I! .eMS ~ 300 .Imota .!:.. 200 E 100 .Ikotun 0 III Mazamaw z -' \,!) Q. ::::> UJ > ..a:l .. ..U .. .. ~ ::::> ::::> t 0 z .. ..a:l a:: a:: .. • Maryland ..... VI UJ U Z I.U a: Q. a:: :E ,...

Sampling period, months

Source: LAMA T A Field Study 2008

The results from large-scale (more than 1200 sites) diffusion tube surveys ofcities in the l Kingdom showed broadly consistent relationships between N02 levels at kerbside environ!' (1-5 m from a busy road), intennediate locations (20-30 m distance) and urban backg areas (>50 m from roads). Kerbside levels are typically 35-40% higher than intermediate and 60-70% higher than background levels (STEVENSON, K. ET AL. UK nitrogen ,I., survey 1995. Culham, UK, AEA Technology, 1997 in WHO Regional Publications Serl." 85, 1999).

*This is in agreement with the result obtained during the study.

4.6.1.4 Ozone, OJ

Ozone (03) is a secondary photochemical pollutant fonned from the precursors of 'j( ! . organic compounds, NOx and CO in the presence of short wavelength solar radiation. Ttw formed by complex photochemical reactions between the precursors. As a consequence contrast to primarily emitted pollutants, short-term ozone concentrations tend to pet:, distance from the emission sources of ozone precursors. This could have accounted for the low result obtained during the monitoring period as ilF' on Table 4.9.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos Slate Table: 4.9: Mean concentration of Ozone •

March 2008, April 2008, Ppbv Ppbv Mean 3.0 0.9 I Min. 2.4 0.6 Max. 3.7 1.3 SD I 0.5 0.3

Source: LAMATA Field Study 2008

A comparison ofthe result of nitrogen oxides and ozone over the same period shows that there is a linear correlation between the two gases. The calculated Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between N02and 0 3 is -0.77 and -0.78 for the month ofMarch and April 2008 respectively. This shows that for both months the correlation are approximately the same coefficient and since both r tends toward -1, it indicate that N02 and 0 3 values for the two months have negative correlation, resulting in a strong indication that a linear relation exists between N02 and 03 for the two months.

According to the quality for health impact assessment report, prepared by WHO European series No. 85 of 1999, (WHO, 1999), it has been posited that ozone patterns in or near urban areas can be quite complex. Near major sources of NO such as roads with heavy traffic, ozone levels are usually quite low.

4.6.1.5 Total Particulate, TP

4.6.1.5.1 Total Suspended Particulate, TSP

The mean concentration of TSP at Mazamaza was 949.4 !!g/m3 which marks the highest mean concentration (Table 4.10). Mazamaza also recorded the highest or maximum concentration of total suspended particulate matter with Oshodi having the same value at maximum, but lesser mean value. These high values could be attributed to the number of trucks including lorries and trailers passing and harboring at the two locations afore-mentioned. Unilag had the minimum value due to less ttraffic in the environment. Results of TSP between the month ofJanuary and February along Oshodi and Mazamaza axes were also high (Fig.4.4). This signifies that more particles are transported by wind during the period.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State Table 4.10: Mean Concentration ofTSP in Sampled Locations

Ikeja CMS Imota Ikotun Mazamaza Maryland Oshodi I i Mean 386 413.8 420.4 810 949.4 425.5 685.1 Min. 89.4 214 48 107.3 86 265.3 299.2 I Max. 860 1070 1770 1390 1970 844 1970 iSD 224.1 211.0 408.3 296.1 423.2 150.7 395.3 ..

Source: LAMAT A Field Study 2008

Fig. 4.4: The Mean Concentration of TSP in Sampled Locations

t"I\ E .Ikeja E .eMS -..I'll eo ~~~.~~~jlliJ~I~.,i IIIlmota \,I z -' to Q. > ::::> UJ .. ..(Xl ~ ::::> ::::> t 0 u .. Z a:. a:. .. U .. 'E Vl UJ Z UJ cO a:. Q. ex: .Ikotun ...... 0 LU UJ « Q. :::i! ...... « ...... Z 0 «..., « 1.1. « ...... 0 ...... 0 00 ..., 1.1. :::i! « « 0 0 0 ...... 00 :::i! 00 0 0 0 0 ...... 0 00 00 00 • Mazamaza 0 N 0 0 0 8 00 0 00 0 8 N N N 0 0 0 0 0 N N N 8 0 N 8 N 0 0 0 0 N N N N 0 N N N N • Maryland

Sampling period, month II Oshodi

Source: LAMATA Field Study 2008

4.6.1.5.2 Aerodynamic Particulate~ PMIO

Particles with aerodynamic diameter 10 !lm or less, or, more strictly, particles that pass thro . size-selective inlet with a 50% efficiency cut-off at 10 J.UTl aerodynamic diameter. The upp'~ off of aerodynamic diameter is about 30 J.UTl, which means that no particles greater thanl '. will enter the inlet. PMlO roughly corresponds to the thoracic fraction of the particles. th those that penetrate beyond the larynx, this is the view of author of the quality for heatt!-' If assessment report, prepared by WHO European series No. 85 of 1999, (WHO, 1999).

The mean value of PMIO at the Mazamaza was quite high with a value of 467.3 Ilglm; UnBar having he lowest value (85.3 Ilglm3). Mazamaza had the highest concentration Ilglm while Unilag had a value of 146 Ilglm3. In April 2008, the PM IO was high compn other months.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA T A Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. I.agos State Table 4.11: The Mean Values of PM10 at various Sampled Locations

Ikeja I eMS Imota Ikotun Mazamaza Maryland Oshodi UNILAG i Mean 252.7 204.6 213.2 364.2 467.3 198.2 361.0 85.8 i Min. 37.3 39.9 35.7 65.2 179.3 76.5 108.2 43 Max. 741 693 680.6 609 1230 474 1080 146 SD 202.2 149.9 227.4 162.5 309.6 130.1 241.7 28.3

Source: LAMATA Field Study 2008

Fig. 4.5: The Mean Values ofPMIO at various Sampled Locations

1400 ~- 1200 M E 1000 .Ikeja E 800 .eMS I'G.. till 0 600 • I mota ..1.1 ·s 400 200 .Ikotun 0 • Mazamaza z ....J ;- ; ; 'T ~ ::> ::> ::> w t 0 U U z . cO 'Tco IX: IX: • Maryland ...... Vl 0 z w w « z w w « a: c.. c..a: ~ « 0 ..... « u.. u.. « 0 0 ..... ~ « « " "0 0 _0 co co ~ co II 0 " 0 0 0 " 0 0 co 0 co co 0 co Oshodi 0" 8 N "0 N 0 "0 " 0 0 0 co 0 N N N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N N "0 N 0 N 0 N 0 N N N 0 N N N N III UNILAG

Sampling period, month

Source: LAMATA Field Study 2008

4.6.1.5.3 Aerodynamic Particulate, PM2_5

Particles with aerodynamic diameter 2.5 Ilm or less, or, more strictly, particles that pass through a size-selective inlet with a 50% efficiency cut-off at PM2.5 Ilm aerodynamic diameter and have upper cut-off at 71lm. PM2_5 corresponds to the fraction of respirable particles in highrisk populations (children and adults with certain pulmonary diseases) that can penetrate to the unciliated airways. This statement is opined in the quality for health impact assessment report, prepared by WHO European series No. 85 of 1999 (WHO, 1999).

The concentration of this size of particulate matter followed the same trend as PMIO with Mazamaza having the highest mean concentration of 247.0 llg/m3 and Unilag having the lowest 3 3 concentration of 25.9 llg/m • Imota had the highest maximum concentration of 651 llg/m with

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa -lkeja. Lagos State 3 DIiiiaghav"iIigthe least value of 63.4 Jl.glm • The peak value PM2.5 was recorded in 2008.

Table 4.12: The Mean Values ofPM1.5 at various Sampled Locations

Ikeja Oshodi CMS Imota Ikotun Mazamaza MarYland C.. Mean 118.4 137.1 140.3 147.6 247.0 120.3 193 2~

Min. 37.5 50.8 56 38.9 130.7 52.3 13.4 1(;.. Max. 242 332 651 263 506 304 520 6.~ SD 56.2 95.9 148 63 91.2 60.1 131.9 11'.

Source: LAMAT A Field Study 2008

Fig. 4.6: The Mean Values ofPM1.5 at various Sampled Locations

700 600 .Ikeja !'f'I E 500 .eMS E /II 400 -" .Imota ~ 300 .~ 200 .Ikotun E 100 • Mazamaza 0 l1li Maryland > Z ...J Q.. , UJ > "'i' "'i' "'i' oCt ::::l ::::l ti v d:J It) 0: 0: ::::l .... In a UJ v z Z UJ 0::: Q.. 0::: :i! .... ,.... "oCt ,.... a Z UJ oCt u.. UJ oCt oCt Cl.. !!I!IOshodi ,.... ,.... ,.... ,.... ,.... Q Q $ .... u.. :i! oCt 0 0 0 ,.... QO QO :i! QO « 0 0 0 0 0 ,.... QO 0 QO QO QO 0 N 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 N N N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 II UNILAG N N N 0 N 0 N 0 0 ~ 0 N N N N 0 N N N N

Source: LAMATA Field Study 2008

The correlation coefficient (r) between TSP and in-situ Suspended Particulate matter f: month of January 2008 is 0.2840411. The results show that weak positive correlatiol ' between TSP and in-situ Suspended Particulate matter measured within the period (sine:( value is largely far from +I).

4.6.1.6 Carbon monoxide, CO.

The results of measurements ofthe concentration of CO over the sampling period shows t~. highest concentration of 6.0 ppm was detected at Ikotun and the lowest was recorded at I and Ikeja. Considering the average concentration over the entire period Mazamaza, Oshcd Ikotun had values that were higher the 3.0 ppm while CMS, Imota and Ikeja had values ,'f 2.0 ppm.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alouso -lkeja. Lagos State It

The locations with relatively high value of CO are known to have heavy traffic at both peak and off peak hours and this could have accounted for the result obtained. Although the average concentration of CO at CMS was 2.0 ppm, the concentration rose to 3.2 ppm at a time and this could be attributed to occasional traffic hold-ups experienced in the area.

Fig. 4.7: Comparison of the Concentration of Carbon Monoxide across the Metropolis

c co o N 4 3.5 T 3 ~ --.... ~ ."",, ...... / ~ R 2.5 ."",, ~ " A 1.~ - " T 1 " 1 0.5 '\. o 0 ~ N P P m LOCATION

Source: LAMAT A Field Study 2008

Compared with the World Health Organisation (WHO) Standards for 24-hour exposure (25 ppm), the results generally conformed to the Standards in all the sampling locations. Although the result of I-hour measurement was higher in most of the locations, it however fell within the maximum limit of 100 ppm set by WHO.

4.7 Seasonal Variation of Pollutants The mean values of the parameters determined were higher in dry season (Table 4.14) compared with the wet season (Table 4.13). This could be attributed to the temperature rise and particulate transfer. The particulate matter in the rainy season could have been suppressed by precipitation and most of the component particles deposited on the soil or percolate into the ground. The CO measured during the rainy season and dry seasons vary from one location to the other as shown in Table 4.13&14. From the result, there is generally no marked difference in the level of CO detected but the CO around Ikotun decreased during the dry season compared with the high values recorded in the rainy season. There is a shift in the values for Maryland, Mazamaza and Oshodi during the wet season where the results obtained were lower than the results during the dry season. From the correlation of the mean results for wet and dry seasons, a value of r = 0.78 was obtained and the value ofr at 5% significance is 0.71. It could therefore be deduced that there is

EIA Report Cor Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa -lkeja. Lagos State '""_.,--""-"'"'-, ,-'''"'_._ a linear relationship between the results obtained. Fig. 4.8 shows the seasonal variatiol" concentration ofcarbon monoxide in all the sampling locations.

Fig. 4.8: Seasonal variation on carbon monoxide

CO RAINING SEASON CO DRY SEASON

LOCATION LOCATION

Source: LAMA T A Field Study 2008

Table 4.13: Mean Concentration of Particulate Matter and Gases during Wet Seasmy: r 2007/2008 I TSP, PM 10 PM 2.5 CO, S02, N02, 3 3 I (llg/m3) (llg/m ) (llg/m ) ppm ppbv ppbv lkeja 313.4 193.3 108.2 2,0 26.1 19.9 iCMS 373.4 152.8 119.2 2.1 30.2 40.1 ! Mazamaza 826.7 401.6 220.1 3.2 31.0 24.0 Oshodi 508.9 234.2 164.7 3.1 31.1 31.5 Imota 361.5 195.2 120.9 2.2 16.2 17.3 Ikotun 732.2 271.8 115.2 3.8 27.8 28.4 Ml!!)'land 375.7 145.2 101.7 2.7 29.1 31.4 UNILAG 108.8 75.3 23.9 <0.1 3.9 1.5

Source: LAMA T A Field Study 2008

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alauu -Ikeja. Lagos State Table 4.14: Mean Concentration of Particulate Matter and Gases during Dry Season• of 2007/2008

! TSP, PM 10 PM 2,5 CO, S02, N02, (~g/m3) (~g/m3) (~g/m3) ppm ppbv Ppbv I . Ikeja 524.3 360.2 141.4 1.5 27.8 32.7 CMS 471.6 278.7 162.6 2.0 28.0 36.1 Mazamaza 1124.7 561.3 285.6 3.4 38.1 32.3 . Oshodi 936.9 542.1 233.3 3.1 40.0 33.5 : Imota 504.6 243.2 172.5 2.0 23.3 31.8 Ikotun 921.0 496.3 193.9 2.9 28.7 50.8

i Maryland 496.7 ! 273.8 146.9 3.3 27.5 33.8 UNILAG 145.2 92.9 27.5 <0.1 3.3 2.3 I

Source: LAMATA Field Study 2008

4.8 NOISE LEVEL RESULT

A wide range ofnoise indices computed from statistical analysis was performed by the CR-811B sound level meter for the Noise monitoring. The (daytime) ambient noise levels measured at different locations in the Monitoring area are shown Tables 4.15 - 4.16 . It was discovered that the noise level measurements taken at Mile 2 happened to be the highest while the one taken at General Hospital, Agbowa-Ikosi was the least. The Sound Pressure level of noise at Mile 2 was 76.40 dBA while that of General Hospital, Agbowa-Ikosi was 46.30 dBA. The average continuous Sound Exposure Level (SEL) at Mile 2 was 105.6 dBA while the average continuous Sound Exposure Level (SEL) at General Hospital, Agbowa-Ikosi was 75.70 dBA.

Table 4.15: Noise Level at Different Location Within the Monitoring Area

60.30 71.40 70.90 46.30 72.10 72.50 Imota 64.75 Ma land 70.50 Mile 2 76.40 Oshodi 73.73 Source: LAMATA Field Study 2008 61

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State tt''tl\t-; tr~:!ld·~,~-;~~~p·t

--,. ".--...~- Table 4.16: Summary ofthe Measured Noise Level Indices in all Sites in the Study Area

LAF Leq LAE Max Peak LtO LIO.O L50.0 L90.0 U}~ (dBA (dBA Summary {dBAl (dBA} {dBA} 1 } {dBAJ {dBA} {dBA} (~!B ' Outskirts 46.30 75.7 75.30 89.80 54.90 48.40 41.00 35.90 3·: Industrial 72.10 102.4 91.05 97.70 81.80 75.20 68.20 63.60 6': Commercial 71.82 101.2 89.77 98.16 80.57 74.10 69.01 65.18 6<1 Residential 62.53 91.65 80.50 88.53 71.89 66.17 58.85 52.95 51 Study ~a ;-;(.,:';< Mean·· 'j vahie "'92.93 '59.43 54.24 5: I· Study Area Minimum 46.30 75.70 75.30 87.60 54.90 48.40 41.00 35.90 J" Study Area Maximum 77.60 107.3 99.70 107.5 86.00 80.10 76.06 72.90 T.. Source: LAMAT A Field Study 2008

Legend Symbol Denotation Leq Equivalent continuous sound pressure level LAE Sound Exposure Level (SEL) with 'A' frequency weighting LAFmax The maximum Sound level with'A' Frequency weighting and Fast Time Weighting Peak The maximum value reached by the sound pressure at any instant during a measurement period Ln Statistical analysis of noise. The n denotes the percentage exceedence

4.5.1 TREND OF NOISE AND NOISE mSTORY PLOTS

The trend of noise levels measured is summarised in Table 4.17. The noise history plob industrial, residential, commercial areas in the monitoring area are presented in the Fig. 4 trend of noise shows the traffic flow ofthe monitoring area.

Table 4.17: Trend of Noise

Location 6-9a.m. 9am-4pm 4pm-9pm 9pm-12am 12am 4am 4am· (result in Leq dB) Residential 47.60 54.20 60.30 56.45 44.10 46.9:) Oko-Oba residence ~ .. Commercial 70.90 74.70 71.45 63.60 58.50 62.8: Broadstreet Industrial 70.70 77.89 74.70 65.10 60.30 68.9:' Ikeja Source: LAMATA Field Study 2008

EtA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building. CBD Alausa -lkeja. Lagos State Fig. 4.8: Trend of Noise level in Lagos State

100.00 80.00 60.00 40.00 20.00 0.00 6 a m - 9 a m - 4pm- 9 P m - 1 2 am - 4 a m 9 a m 4pm 9 p m 1 2 pm 4 a m 6am III Res id entia I • Com mere ia lOin d us tria I Source: LAMAT A Field Study 2008

4.9. Vegetation

The original vegetation of the site was initially for farming but finally obliterated after the area was laid out as the Central Business District of Ikeja in the 1980s under high pressure of urbanization.

The site is devoid of any natural vegetation except for weeds which have colonized some of the open soil. They include: Chromolaena odorata Tridax Procumbens Mariscus ligularis Ficus exasperate Cyperus rotundus Lantana. Camara Physalis angulata Pan/cum maximum Kyllinga bulbosa Panicum subalbidum Paspalum vaginatum Gomphrena globosa Eragrostis ciliaris Amaranthus spiriosus Eleusine indica Euphorbia hirta Perois indica Euphorbia pulcherrinma Digitaria longiflora

The following economic plant species are also found, probably planted by itinerary food vendors who presently occupy some of the site, these include Carica papaya- a common tropical fruit, Nicotiana tobaccum- reputed to be a snake repellant, Rauwolfia vomitria- a medicianal shrub used for lowering blood pressure, and Calotropis procera, used for coagulating milk

4.10. Potential Land Use and Landscape Patterns

A range of the entire CBD was specifically laid out for offices and services and services (tertiary activities) which complement the functions of government and public agencies within the secretariat complex it is also designed to accommodate those function that would locate away from Lagos Island which has already become congested. Already, heads and regional offices of commercial establishments' entertainment banking, insurance, professional bodies are locating in 63

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State the CBO or in office complex by other organizations. This profile of existing condition, CBO provide the context for the proposed LAMATA Corporate Head office as it fits into the kind of functions for which the CBO is planned and designated in an emergenl City like Lagos. The entire CBO has been provided with roads, drainage, water, electri, other utilities required in the area.

Map 4.2: Map of CBD Area, Alausa; Ikeja Local Government Council Area of Lagos State "1 the Proposed Project Area in Red Arrow and the defunct Metro-line tracks in Blue Arro"; left of the Proposed LAMATA Corporate Building.

ASSBIFI Road Obafemi Awolowo Way Governor's Road

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa -lkeja. Lagos State Map 4.3: Land Use Surveys of constituent parts of Ikeja Local Government Area

LANDUSE SURVEY AREA

'.AIRPORTIONILEKERE i.B CBO AND ENVIRONS '.GRAlONIGBONGBOfMARYLANO !.IKEJACORE BOJOOU 1- \"Ir"';;""..m""Lr",v~

IIIHIS'!'IIY 0' "lA_H. AlIII ua..... III1V1LOPItllHt nGIOIIAL AHD MASl'IIRPLAII DImUITIII!HT

Source: Regional and Master Plan Department, Ministry of Planning and Urban Development, Ikeja; Lagos State. (June 2008)

ElA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa Ikeja. Lagos State Map 4.4: Existing Land Use Map of Ikeja Local Government Area

D'...... LANDU8I!

LEGEND

.OSHOOI-ISOLO LGA MUSHlttLGA SCALE: 1

Source: Regional and Master Plan Department, Ministry of Planning and Urban Develnr, Ikeja; Lagos State. (June 2008)

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CRD AilluSll- lkeja. Lagos State It 4.11. Soil Studies

In order to establish the baseline data of the environment for the proposed LAMA T A Corporate Headquarters building, the soil samples was randomly carried out. The sampling survey was carried out during the period ofJune 22nd to June 26th 2009 in wet season.

The samples were considered representatives for ground thruthing procedure.

These samples were subjected to Laboratory Analysis at the Jawura Environmental Services Limited and the result obtained is presented hereunder in Table 4.18.

Table 4.18: PHYISCO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS RESlTLTS OF SOIL SAMPLES

Parameters I Dark soil Clay soil with Muddy soil with , Dark soil with • without vegetation vegetation . vegetation vegetation pH 6.70 7.20 7.10 6.90

Particle Size

% Sand 82.40 82.40 76.40 78.40

% Silt 12.80 12.80 14.80 14.80

% Clay 4.8 4.80 8.80 6.80

Exchangeable Bases

Calcium 2.96 14.59 3.91 4.93

Magnesium 0.21 0.61 0.19 0.58

Sodium 0.27 0.48 0.34 0.31

Potassium 0.07 0.25 0.15 0.15

H+AL 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04

ECEC 3.55 15.97 4.64 6.01

Base Sat 98.87 99.75 98.92 99.33

Organic Carbon 2.18 2.45 2.45 2.31

Nitrogen 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.18

Phosphorus 16.55 15.75 15.55 13.85

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headqua rters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State Micro-Nutrients I Copper 6.32 4.05 l.50 ' 2.7C

Iron 35.10 44.90 13.95 14.3.'

Zinc 21.04 20.49 19.03 24.CI

Manganese 22.90 41.30 23.40 45.71

Total Analysis

804 9,636 13,338 10,302 17,3(

Cl.: NO NO NO NO

P04' 781.25 1086.25 980.00 112(1

Lead 2097.50 25.75 29.00 46.7~

Copper 42.00 35.75 10.25 15.7~

Manganese 229.75 260.75 206.00 233_1 , Zinc 1225.00 1202.50 957.50 920. .

nd th Source: Sustainabiliti Limited Field Study June U - June 26 2009 From the result, it shows that the soil samples are contaminated with heavy metals which is sh01\1; concentration of Pb, Cu, and !Mn.

The pH values of the soil samples are within the FMEnv. Limits. The soil samples can be categmi sandy clay based on the particle size of the soil. The exchangeable bases are marginally acceptab' macronutrients in the soil samples are abundant and are acceptable. The micronutrient is also satis:',

4.12 Socio- Economic and Cultural Characteristics

mSTORY

Historically, Ikeja Local Government Council Area consists of seventy-eight communit the first settlers are the A wori who migrated from Ota town in Ogun State. Some traditional settlements include Ipodo, Alausa, Olusosun, Oregun, Ojodu, Onigbongbo, .' Titun, Agidingbi, Coker, Wasinmi, Abule-Egun, Oke-ira, and Keke etc.

The population of the Aworis is now a minority given the enormity of migratirq ' urbanization in the area. Despite this, the traditional Institution ofIkeja is still strong and Paramount First Class Oba, the 'Olu' of Ikeja with two ruling houses. Iya Ade/Oshc'

EL4.. Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, eBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State Amore families. The name "Ikeja" was derived from Akeja Onigorun, one of the ancestral gods ofthe Aworis in their Ota homeland.

Ikeja became the Capital city of Lagos State in 1976 after the creation of 19 States in the country and since then there has been a tremendous development of Ikeja being the industrial and commercial hub of the State.

Prior to 1960, the earliest government and private Estates were Ikeja GRA, Shonibare, Cappa D'Alberto, and Wemabod Estates. These Estates have always served as residential abodes for top civil servants and company chief executives. Other uses include Golf Club, Military Cantonment, the Nigeria Police College, Air Force etc, the location of these important land uses in Ikeja acted as pull factor to making Ikeja a strategic growth pole in the socio-economic landscape ofthe Greater Lagos Region.

The change in the status of Ikeja in 1976 had not only activated this growth center, but equally made it a choice axis for investors to locate their businesses. Similarly, it became imperative for Government to locate most of its offices and agencies within Ikeja. Equally, additional residential estates sprang up at Ogba, Omole and Alausa to meet housing needs of people relocating to this part ofthe city.

Today, Ikeja which was a small settlement prior to 1960 had grown extensively in physical extent as well as in availability ofsocial services and infrastructures.

PEOPLE AND POPULATION

Ikeja is traditionally inhabited by the Aworis and is the cradle of its civilization. However, because of the long historical goodwill and benefit derived up to the present day, Ikeja has attracted a lot of people from different ethnic nationalities working and living within its territorial boundary. The industrial revolution of the 1970s and 1980s as well as being the State capital contributed in no small measure to the attraction of diverse people to the city.

In spite of the cosmopolitan nature of Ikeja, the traditional institution represented by the Olu of Ikeja is still relevant, likewise the traditional daily and weekly markets at Ipodo, Alausa and Ogba Sunday Market still function and very relevant in the present day Ikeja.

According to 2006 National Population Commission Census, the population of Ikeja is put at 313,916, while the population is put at 533,237 by Lagos State Ministry of Science and Technology in the same year 2006. The later de-facto population of Ikeja was supported by relevant data including existing housing stocks, school enrolments, vehicle and motor bike registration and a host of other facts that cannot be disputed.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State Table 4.19: Lagos State Population (NPC Figures)

~"- . LOCAL GOVERNMENT TOTAL MALE FEMA1L, Badagry 241093 121232 119861 Ojo 598071 310100 28797! Amuwo 318166 167856 150310 Alimosho 1277744 649460 628254 Agege 459939 242520 217419 Ifako-Ijaye 427878 218993 208885 Ikeja 313,196 169,233 111,96L Oshodi -Isol0 621509 321767 299742 Mushin 633009 328197 304812 Surulere 503975 261265 242740 Ajeromi-Ifelodun 684105 352238 331867 Apapa 217362 119556 97806 Lagos Island 209437 108057 101380 Lagos Mainland 317720 166163 151557 Shomolu 402673 207649 19502L Kosofe 665393 350120 31527::, Ikorodu 535619 272569 263050 Eti-Osa 287785 160396 127389 Ibeju- Lekki 117481 59544 57937 .. Epe 181409 91105 90304 .. Total 9,013,534 4,678,020 4,335,5

Source: National Population Commission (2006)

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CRn Amuss - lkeja. Lagos State It Table 4.20: Lagos State Population (Lagos State Government Figures)

ILOCAL POPULATION No. of Pol. No. of No. of Pol. • GOVERNMENT Wards. Households Household Listed. Sampled · Badagry 332,685 11 614 214 Ojo 635,366 13 767 274

I Amuwo-Odofin 560,814 12 833 259 I Alimosho 1,175,622 11 947 379 I Agege 1,180,358 10 1134 379 Ifako-Ijaye 654,471 14 924 274 Ikeja 533,237 10 929 274 • Oshodi-Isolo 1,192,652 11 928 381 Mushin 1,439,556 15 981 428 Surulere 1,183,886 12 975 379 · Ajeromi-Ifelodun 1,588,361 17 980 458 i Apapa 432,686 09 750 234 • Lagos Island 454,714 18 1328 239 Lagos Mainland 721,733 10 1005 289 Shomolu 949,730 08 967 334 Kosofe 1,102,661 12 1275 364 Ikorodu 558,422 18 1066 259 Eti-Osa 424,434 09 809 234 ! Ibeju- Lekki 62,988 16 1054 162 Epe 292,049 18 1410 207 Total 15,467,425 254 19667 6000

Source: Lagos State Government (2006)

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa Ikeja. Lagos State Table 4.21: Lagos State Projected Population Growth Trend (Comparison of NPC & Lagos State Government Figures)

YEAR Projected Population at Projected Population at

5.05% (NPC) 5.05% (LASG) ..

2006 313,196 533,237 .. 2007 329,012 560,165 2008 345,627 588,453

2009 363,081 618,170 .. 2010 381.417 649,388 .. 2011 400,678 682,182 2012 420,913 716,632 2013 442,169 752,822 .2014 464,498 790,840 2015 487,956 830,777 2016 512,597 872,731 2017 538,484 916,804 2018 565,677 963,103 .2019 594,244 1,011,740 2020 624,253 1,062,833 .I

Source: Regional and Master Plan Department, Ministry ofPJanning and Urban Development, Ikeja; Lagos State. (June 2008)

ElA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa [!reja. Lagos State It Map 4.5: Proposed Ikeja Model City Plan (Density Map)

PROPOSE~'JI:K:E.I~iA~~~~~~~t CITY PLAN __lIII,PI""

t::'~:"::J __~ ~~ "~~-j~,, _ ..._'001:.11'", ~'~ "'." _"f~k Ii_ .t#_='a.

L~:.:J ""_'tc __on c.:'::,,':! _ - -...,.'" --C_:'_"'~ ..- ,..,..j E~~,~ :~,:..-:::-.~. f~_~'~_·~ :,~~ -~ ... ~..

C::-,-:-:::i "'"I)" "'"

oIK!JAlGA

Source: Regional and Master Plan Department, Ministry of Planning and Urban Development, Ikeja; Lagos State. (June 2008)

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building. eBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State ECONONUCSTRUCTURE

The early settlers generally engaged themselves in farming, buying and selling of gOI clothes, agricultural produce, craftwork and others. These activities got more sophistica1 time, thereby leading to extensive business activities which have now made up the bull< economic life ofthe people.

The economy in the Project area can be broadly categorized into formal and informal sec r

The Formal Sector

The formal sector is made up of Industrial, Institutional and the Blue Chip companies b Ikeja. This sector formed the economic bedrock of Ikeja. 70% of economy in Lagos St, 70% of Industries in Nigeria are located in Ikeja.

Four major Institutional land uses namely the Murtala Muhammed International Airport, State Secretariat, Military Cantonments and Police Barracks occupied the largest chunk in Ikeja.

The Informal Sector

The informal sector comprises of artisans, entrepreneurs,petty traders, private sma]: transporters, and a host of other trades that did not require special skill.

The informal sector refers to business activities lacking structured organization. Th·· activities that support the formal sector which include food vendors, mechanics, vulcan artisans, street traders etc. The activities of the informal sector accompanied with cha ranging from capitalization, organization and environmental quality.

During the course of Consultations and Focused Group Discussions, it was noted llv construction of the proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building Project will neCt;; the relocation of the Food Vendors currently operating local restaurants (Bukaterias) Project site. They (Food Vendors) moved to site for the provision of affordable Meals: employees of Lilleker Bros. Nig. Limited who are staying on the proposed Proje'c;: temporarily under an Agreement between LAMATA and the Lagos State Sign;; Advertisement Agency (LASAA). A copy of the Agreement is attached to the Appendix 0; 123 for ease of reference.

CONSULTATION PROGRAMME

Consultation has been defined as the process of asking for information about the environm implication or consequences of projects subject to EIAlEER process from designated I: " organizations or persons with environmental responsibilities or interest (Lee & Word, 1 From the above definition, it is quite clear that consultation must have a wide variety of s. ,.

EIA Report for Proposed LA!l.IATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Amusa -lkeja. Lagos State different countries .This activity, most especially, the aspect concerning public consultation and participation, would be strongly influenced by the culture, level of education, awareness• and the political consciousness of the society concerned. Consultation facilitates effective discussion, dialogue, and agreement amongst all parties interested in or is affected by a proposed development.

OBJECTIVES OF CONSULTATION

The main objectives include but are not limited to the following; • Provision of Relevant and timely information about the proposed project. • Engendering better understanding of the project, thereby leading to enhanced cordial community relations which will minimize opposition to the project. • Acceleration ofthe process ofapproval by Regulatory Agencies • Elimination or minimization of future long term liabilities • Identification of probable mitigation to potential negative impacts by the affected people • Avoidance of conflicts by addressing issues promptly • Promotion ofthe good corporate image ofthe company

LEVELS OF CONSULTATION

There are two broad levels ofconsultation in an EIA process.

a. Institutional Consultation This level of consultation is intended to show how regulatory authorities such as; Federal Ministry ofEnvironment Lagos State Ministry of Environment Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency Ikeja Local Government Council participated in the assessment and how the proposed project conform with the statutory regulations

As soon as the proponent, i.e. LAMA TA, informed its Environment Department of its intention to embark on the project, the details of the proposed project were communicated to the Federal Ministry of Environment In the same manner, Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency was notified.

b. Public Consultation The involvement of the public is to show how the affected communities, i.e. villages and settlements located in the vicinity of the project site, other interested groups and stakeholder such as Non-Government Organisations(NGOs), Community Based Associations (CDAs) and other groups who may be directly or indirectly affected by the Project, have been involved in the assessment and their participation.

The Various Categories ofthe public sector that were consulted include the following: o Lagos State Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operatives 75

ElA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa -Ikeja. Lagos State o Lagos State Ministry of Commerce and Industry o Lagos State Ministry of Planning and Budgets o Lagos State Ministry ofEnvironment o Lagos State Ministry of Health o Lagos State Ministry of Home Affairs and Culture o Lagos state Ministry ofJustice o Lagos State Ministry of Local Government and Chieftaincy Affairs (> Lagos State Ministry of Physical Planning and Urban Development o Lagos State Ministry of Rural Development o Lagos State Ministry of Transportation o Lagos State Ministry of Warks and Infrastructure o Lagos State Ministry of Women Affairs and Poverty (; Lagos State Water Corporation o Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency (LASEPA) o Lagos Metropolitan Area Transport Authority (LAMATA) o Centre for Rural Development (CERUD) (J Lagos State Urban and Regional Planning Authority <) Lagos State Teaching Hospital

Public Participation

Public involvement shall span the entire project cycle and this shall be in various form:; different stages of the project. Consultation during scoping laid the ground Wc,·l participation in baseline Data Collection, Assessment of potential Environmental Identification, Prediction and Evaluation of Significant negative impacts and recomrrw mitigations measures.

It has been recognized that active and full participation of the public or stakeholders and' in the management of the project and the environment will yield dividends for both the proponents, stakeholders and the environment This process will also achieve the followir: .

Fulfil legal requirements locally, nationally and internationally; • Improve decision making by drawing on community expertise and indigenous kno'" systems and ensuring that projects meet their set objectives, • Secure base political support thus engendering commitment and legitimacy amor communities; • Provide the communities with a sense of fairness, equity and relevance.

Results of Project Consultation

Consultations and Focused Group Discussions were held with relevant Stakeholders vicinity of the proposed Project Site. Questionnaires were administered to, and completed respondents who expressed satisfaction with the intent to build the proposed LAII·l Corporate Headquarters building. Mr. S. A. Adekanmbi, a retired Director of Medical .

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alausa - Ikeja. !..agO! State It Work at the Lagos State Ministry of Youth, Sports and Social Development who is the Chairman of the Residents' Association of the Lagos State Civil Service Housing Estate sharing a common boundary fence with the proposed Project site, Officials of Skye Bank Pic, and Lafarge Cement WAPCO N~eria PIc who are also neighbours to the Project site were among those interviewed between 29 & 30th June 2009. Copies of the completed Questionnaires administered to the respondents during the Consultations are attached to this Study for ease of reference in the Appendix.

Plates 4.2 a & b: Discussions with Officials of Lilleker Bros. Nig Limited (Temporary Users of the Project Site).

The socio-economic Survey was conducted by 8 interviewers, overseen by 3 supervlsmg Consultants. The Areas covered for this aspect of the Survey were Governor's Road I Awolowo Road Intersection Junction; ASSBIFI Road, Lateef Jakande Road I Obafemi Awolowo Road Junction, the Lagos State Civil Service Residential Estate, and the proposed Project Site.

40 Questionnaires were administered to the Respondents while 33 were successfully completed. The Respondents were: 24 Married and 9 Singles, 19 Males, 14 Females.

Among the 33 Respondents, 30 Respondent are working in Ikeja Central Business District, while 9 Respondent are living within the Ikeja Central Business District Area.

Through the Focused Group Discussions, the respondents bared their minds towards the proposed project. The respondents were supportive of the proposed project but only 14 people were aware that such a project is planned on the Project site through the materials that was placed on the land by Lilleker Bros. Nigeria Limited, who have a Temporary Permit from LAMA TA for the use ofthe proposed Project Site (see appendix 1).

During the Focused Group Discussions and Consultations, 11 Respondents expressed the fear that once the Project commences, they will be driven out of the Project site which will adversely affect their business activities as they sell food on the site. 23 of the Respondents are of the opinion that the proposed Project will positively affect their occupation. 17

ElA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State 67% ofthe Singles and 86% ofthe Married Respondents Strongly Agree with the Proje('1. 33% of the Singles and 14% of the Married respondents Agreed but with conditions:h: should be created and that suitable local restaurants and conveniences be provided for th,; (illegal) Occupants.

The Estate Management Specialist on our Study Team provided information on Best P' for maintaining harmonious relationships with the Tenants, and also gave insights on iT constant maintenance of the fire-fighting facilities / equipments and Communication gc:l' the proposed Building.

Future Consultations

LAMATA will continue to consult with the Regulatory Agencies, the host communi!;! stakeholders and other relevant parties concerned with or are likely to be affected by the at all stages ofproject development.

Plates 4.3 a & b: Local Food vendors and their customers at Bukaterias on the Project Site

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa -lkeja. Lagos State It

Source: Sustainabiliti Limited Field Study June 2009

It is recommended that provision for a Restaurant be incorporated in the design concept of the proposed LAMAT A Corporate Headquarters Building Project as a means of mitigating against this.

There exists the urgent need for recognition of the Informal Sector and a Study to be conducted on how to integrate the Informal sector into the Formal Sector.

POLITICAL SETTING

The spatial and political structure of Ikeja can be discussed in the context of its major districts and ward areas. There are ten (10) political wards within the Project area. These are Onilekere, Anifowoshe, Ikeja Central, Ikeja GRA I Onigbongbo, Opebi I Allen, Alausa I Oregun, Agidingbi I Ogba, Omole, Ojodu, and Aguda.

The Central Business District (CBD), Alausa, Ikeja Local Government Council Area of Lagos State, essentially accommodates business premises, but there are some religious, cultural, entertainment and residential neighbourhoods built into it. While economic activities are carried out in the business I financial premises, religious activities are carried out in the Mosques and Churches where people worship, do weddings, funeral services and related activities; entertainment and cultural activities are carried out in such centres as Event Centres, and Musical Shrines. All these activities keep the CBD alive night and day when business premises close down for the day. It is difficult to distinguish between these and business premises as they all ultimately generate huge income for their operators. 79

ElA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State The periphery of the CBD is lined up with residential neighbourhoods like Moshood Gardens, Bola Ahmed Tinubu Housing Estate for Lagos State Civil Servants, th!: Barracks, Lagos State Staff Quarters, and Agidingbi Village; whose populations cor~ communities in their own right.

They demand facilities for Educational, Medical and Recreational purposes. While set,);' adequately provided by both the Government and the Private Sectors, Health and Recn~3 facilities are inadequate and require attention. The market is poorly maintained and shl'! ' integrated into the CBD structure. The Lagos State Staff Quarters located next to the pi'" . Project Site should be relocated as it is a land use misfit. It needs to have safeguards n incorporated because of fire or collapse ofbuilding.

The proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building will complement the Commercial, Financial, and Information and Entertainment premises within the CBD.

EXISTING MAJOR LANDUSES WITHIN IKEJA

Institutional

The Institutional land uses constitute the largest land area and they are Murtala Moha! Airport, (Local & International), Lagos State Secretariat (Old & Alausa), Nigeria Police ( Army Cantonment, and the Nigerian Customs & Excise premises. The Institutional h covers approximately 2,159.41 hectares representing 39.94% of the total land area with, See Table 4.11 for details.

Residential

Residential landuse is the second major land use and it covers GRA Ikeja, Wemabod Hn Estate, MKO Gardens, Cappa-d' Alberto Estate, Shonibare Estate, Ikeja Core Area,,\: Ore gun, AJlen Avenue IOpebi, Ogba, Omole, Aguda- Titun, Ojodu, Oke-ira etc. The resid ' landuse covers approximately 1,034.99 hectares representing 19.14%. See Table 3.1 for del

The Lagos State Civil Service Staff Quarters sharing the same perimeter fence with the pt"'! . Project Site will face spatial interaction I influence in relation to the neighbouring EKO Radio and Television service and the proposed Project. Privacy issues also need to be cow; i in view of the fact that the neighbouring Civil Servants Estate was the first building in tb!; , If relocation of the Estate is not being considered by the Lagos State Government, tree~ . \ be planted and maintained as a screen by LAMATA to protect the privacy ofthe Estate rl: from users ofthe proposed building.

Commercial

Commercial land use is another predominant use in Ikeja, and can be found along the prec:ir Obafemi Awolowo Way, Mobolaji Bank- Anthony, Kudirat Abiola formerly Oregup

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corpol'llte Headquarters Building, CBn Alausa -lkeja. Lagos State Computer Village, Kodesoh and part of Oba Akran Way. Other areas include Allen Avenue, Opebi, Toyin, Olowu and Ipodo core areas. The Central Business District is located• in Alausa; while Isheri- Ogba Road, Lateef Jakande, and Yaya-Abatan I Ajayi roads are also commercial corridors. The commercial land use covers approximately 392.49 hectares representing 7.26% of the total land area.

The incursion ofcommercial uses into residential areas is very evident and rampant in Ikeja. This is prominent along major transport corridors such as Obafemi Awolowo Way, Kodesoh, Joel Ogunnaike, Isaac John, Adeniyi Jones, Kudirat Abiola, Oregun, Allen, Opebi and Toyin streets etc. Furthermore, the traditional core areas such as Ipodo, Agidingbi, Alausa, Olusosun etc are all experiencing the continuous emergence of commercial structures. Encroachment of residential developments into the flood plain at Ojodu, Adekunle, Opebi and Wasimi among others had distorted the natural landform ofthese areas.

There is a plan to utilize the vast open space across the road on Obafemi Awolowo way as a shopping mall. This will increase the commercial land use ofthe CBD area in the nearest future.

Industrial

The second largest Industrial Estate in Lagos State, the Ikeja Industrial Estate, is located within the project area. These industrial estates Oregun, Ojota, Ogba, and Ikeja (Wemabod) Estates are located in Ikeja Model City area. The total area of industrial land use covers 567.64 hectares representing 10.5 % ofthe total land area.

Recreational

The most notable recreational uses within the project area are Alausa Parks, Lagos State Public Service Club, Ikeja Golf Club, Lagos Country Club, African Shrine, Sheraton Hotel and Towers, Ikeja Airport Hotel, and Excellent Hotel, Lagos Television Complex and Event Centres such as Adebola House, All Seasons Plaza, and Planet One among others. The land area covers about 42.15 hectares or 0.78% ofthe total land area.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa -Ikeja. Lagos State Table 4.22: LAND USE ANALYSIS TABLE

Source: Regional and Master Plan Department, Ministry of Planning and Urban Develn ri Ikeja; Lagos State. Field Survey June, 2008.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters BuDding, CBn Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State Road Network System (Circulation) • The arterial roads within the Ikeja Local Government Council area include Mobolaji Bank Anthony Way, Ikorodu Road, Lagos-Ibadan Expressway, Oshodi-Apapa Expressway, Agege Motor Road, Obafemi Awolowo Way, Kudirat Abiola Way, Kodesoh and Oba Akran Way. These arterial roads are well connected and motorable. In addition, other major roads are Acme Road, Wempco Road, Ogba-Isheri Road, Joel Ogunnaike Street, Adekunle Fajuyi Road, Lateef Jakande Road, Mobolaji Johnson Boulevard (formerly Secretariat Road), Allen Avenue I Opebi Road, Oba Akinjobi Road, Ajayi I Yaya Abatan Road, Yakoyo Road, and Aina Road, Adeniyi Jones and Isaac John Streets among others. The circulation landuse covers approximately 528.89 hectares representing 9.78% ofIkeja.

Parking Facilities: The parking arrangement in some areas like the Jkeja GRA, Shonibare and Wemabod Estates are well organized while in many areas vehicles are parked haphazardly within right of wayl and road setbacks thereby impeding free flow of traffic. Also noticed are existing structures especially those along the high streets which have converted the approved parking lot within the area into commercial.

Traffic Situation

Traffic is usually heavy during peak periods ofmorning and evening and thin out during off peak period except during un-usual incident which may cause heavy traffic jam or traffic grid lock. High traffic volume is usually witnessed along the major arterial roads such as Mobolaji Bank Anthony, Kodesoh I Oba Akran, Opebi/Allen, Opebi-link Road, Lateef Jakande, Acme, Wempco Road, Yaya, Abatan I Ajayi Road and Obafemi Awolowo Way due to traffic conflict arising from Street trading, On-street parking and poor traffic control to mention a few.

Some locations within the project area are noted for traffic bottleneck/conflict points which impede free traffic flow during the peak periods. These areas are usually cross junctions, roundabouts, and turning points. The locations amongst others include Obafemi Awolowo I Allen, Kodesoh I Mobolaji Bank-Anthony, Obafemi Awolowo I Oba Akran and Oba Akran I Obasa junctions.

The mode of transportation system within the project area is by road, rail, and air. The survey also revealed the continuous dominance of commercial motorcycles (Okada) as a means of transportation within Ikeja. Commuters tend to patronize this means of transport with a view to avoiding the incessant traffic congestion which is very rampant in Ikeja.

Other means of transportation includes taxis, mini-buses and tricycles. It is also noted that Ikeja serves as a major terminus for origin and destination of all modes and means of transportation as well as intra and interstate services. However, there are very few organized parking spaces for taxis while the organized parking for mini buses at Ikeja and Ojota are grossly inadequate and ineffective to curb the perennial traffic congestion caused by the taxis, buses and motorcycles within the project area.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarten Building, CBn Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State Realizing the inefficiency and untold hardship caused by the existing transportation me :': State Government through the Ministry of Transport in 2008 launched the Corporate C' Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) to complement existing taxis, mini buses and mass buses ope: This is Private Public Partnership (PPP) scheme.

Plates 4.4a and 4.4b: Traffic flow along the Agindingbi Junction on Obafemi Awolowo War

Parking Facilities

It is observed that in spite of the present relatively low density of development in the parking of vehicles for visitors and Staff of the existing Offices in the area are inadequate. This has resulted in the overspill of parking on to the Streets, especially in Hi '. concentrated development. Some vacant Plots have been harnessed to enable users c,: buildings in the CBD park their vehicles.

It is suggested that Multi-storey car parks be erected at strategic locations in the CBD Public Transport terminal for commuters to both the Lagos State Secretariat and the CBD the situation assumes chaotic dimensions. This requires urgent and immediate attention :I! of the fact that the large expanse ofland across the road on Obafemi Awolowo Way bou'ld Kafi Street and Governor's Road has been designated as a Mega Shopping Mall.

EtA Report for Proposed LA~'lATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa -lkeja. Lagos State Plate 4.5: Picture of a typical Multi-level Car Park at the MMAl Terminal, Ikeja

Adequate spaces exist on both sides of Obafemi Awolowo Way by the proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters building and also across on the other side of the road for locating Bus Stations.

Intersection Traffic Count

Intersection traffic count was carried out around the project site. This was done for three time periods namely AM peak periods, off peak period, and PM peak period. In each of these design periods, samples of traffic count to represent traffic conditions were done. The traffic count results for the Governor's road intercession on the Obafemi Awolowo Way on Friday 26th June 2009 and Monday 29th June is presented in Table 4.23 Weather was wet on the two days and this induced heavy traffic even into the off peak hours.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD AJausa lkeja. Lagos State Table 4.23: Governor's Road Intersection on Obafemi Awolowo Way-Traffic Count

" Interval 15m in. Volume Hourly Volume Hourly Flow « 08.30-08.45 167 670 08.45-09.00 194 776 . ~ 09.00-09.15 234 936 09.15-09.30 271 (15.30-16.30) 866 1084 .. 09.30-0945 269 (15.45-16.45) 968 1076 09.45-10.00 237 (16.00-17.00) 1011 948 « 10.00- 10.15 208 (16.15-17.15) 985 832 10.15-10.30 217 (16.30-17.30) 931 868 10.30-10.45 214 (16.45-17.45) 876 856 10.45-11.00 224 (17.00-18.00) 863 896

Source: Sustainabiliti Limited Field Study June 2009

Plates 4.6a & b: Traffic situation on Obafemi Awolowo Way, beside the proposed Proj't": during Rush-Hour Traffic at 7.30 a.m. on Sib July 2009

Source: Sustainabiliti Limited Field Study July 2009

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa Ikeja. Lagos State Source: Sustainabiliti Limited Field Study July 2009

Plate 4.7: Traffic Gridlock at Governor's Road I Obafemi Awolowo Way Junction dnring Rush Hour at 8.15 a.m. on 8th July 2009.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State Plate 4.S: Traffic Gridlock at ASSBIFI Road I Obafemi Awolowo Road Junction during Rtl',i at OS.30a.m on Sth July 2009.

Source: Sustainabiliti Limited Field Study July 2009

4.13. Infrastructural Services

Road Network

The CBO is linked to the rest of Lagos Megacity by a network of roads which are gr:td being improved and upgraded with the growth of the urban area. Obafemi Awolowo W3" the CBO with Lagos- Ibadan Expressway which in tum provides major access to the I Lagos and Nigeria as a whole. The CBO is linked through Obafemi Awolowo Way to tht~ Ikeja, Ikeja Airport, and the Apapa and Tin Can Island Ports as well as all major activity rlil Lagos Megacity.

Internally the CBO is serviced by major distributor and secondary roads with wide resep .' for accommodating heavy traffic. All roads are tarred. The site is easily accessible.

Storm Water Drainage

All the roads in the CBO are provide with storm water drainage and are well connected I discharge points either along Obafemi Awolowo Way (draining into Ore gun Stn:ll discharging into Omole - Shangisa Gorge, ultimately into Agboyi Creek).

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, eBD Mausa - Ikeja. Lagos State Most ofthe open drains along almost all streets are clogged with refuse, plastic bottles• and failed structures.

Map 4.6: Proposed Road Hierarchy in Ikeja Local Government

PROPOSED IKE.lA MODEL CITY PLAN (ROAD IfJI9lAIICHY)

Source: Regional and Master Plan Department, Ministry of Planning and Urban Development, Ikeja; Lagos State. (June 2008)

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State UTILITIES

Water Supply

As in many parts of the State, Lagos State Water Corporation is the Public Agency resro for water supply to Alausa, through the water mains running from Iju to the rest ofthe Nkl However, the area still experiences irregular water supply, in spite of the low del development of the CBD. Property owners in the area therefore resort to the construe . boreholes as alternative or supplementary source of water supply. So far underground S(p water of the coastal plain sands has not yet been depleted as its acquifer is being rt:· .. constantly annually.

Sewage

All developments in the CBD depend on the conventional septic I soak away system. HI' heavy discharge of sewage into the soil will necessitate the construction of treatment plan!: project of this magnitude. So far, no development has adopted the sewage treatment SYSh'l( imminent danger of underground water pollution through septic I soak away system call; f. introduction of treatment systems for sewage and waste before discharge into the environment.

Electricity

The CBD is well connected to the National Grid by the Power Holding Company of I·: (PHCN) which also services the system. However, this supply is irregular and many prr-· have had to be provided with generating sets as alternative sources of power supply.

The power generating sets have combined with air conditioning units to increase the nob' in the area as well as increase in the heat islands above the high rise building concentratir area.

Street lighting

Street lighting is required to keep the area alit at night and keep away criminals from u; areas as base.

Street lights were seen on the Governor's Road that links Obafemi Awolowo Way and til< parts of major road network around the project area.

Solid Waste Management

From the baseline results, huge amounts of soUd waste are generated daily. These val': paper and other biodegradable waste to plastic and metals. The efforts of Lagos Statf \ Management Authority (LA WMA) have enhanced the process of Waste of Collecti,

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State disposal through private sector participation (PSP) in the CBD. Wastes are regularly collected and disposed of at approved dump sites. However, drains are still clogged with refuse and weeds particularly in front of Elephant Cement House and Skye Bank. This has become problematic with the concentration of mechanics and food vendors/ canteens in the CBD. Metallic and Plastic wastes from automobiles, oily wastes and other wastes from spray painters, all generated from mechanic workshops in the CBD and mud from car washing depots are emptied into drains. All these contribute to the drains and subsequent collapse oftheir concrete walls.

WASTEWATER

Nigeria's legislation for wastewater discharges includes an extensive list of general standards which are applicable to all categories.

These standards do not differentiate between the varied surface water environments to which discharges may occur. They are more stringent in many respects than those which might be acceptable elsewhere in the world, and their application needs to be clarified by consultation with the Nigerian authorities.

Nigerian Legislation specifies regulation for dangerous or hazardous wastes and includes procedures and requirement within the National Environmental protection: Management of Solid and Hazardous Wastes Regulations 1991. These include specifications for: .:. Definitions and classification ofwastes, as listed in FAC-000-000-9903 in Schedule 12; .:. Requirement for surveillance, monitoring and notification; .:. Record Keeping; .:. Disposal (landfill requirements given in Decree 42, November 1988); .:. Contingency plan and emergency procedures; and .:. Protection of groundwater (Schedule 10).

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 ASSOCIATED AND POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

5.1 Objectives of the Impact Assessment

The objectives ofan EIA are, amongst others: • To identify potential environmental and social impacts that may occur f·; construction and operation ofthe project; • To predict and evaluate impact magnitude and recommend reaJistic and cost-I; ( mitigation measures and suggest alternatives and best possible option; • To incorporate the results of the EIA into the project design and every stag,; decision making process.

The associated and potential environmental impacts of the proposed project include J probable socio-economic benefits and those that may enhance environmental quality negative effects which may impair environmental human health and well-being.

5.2 Significant Positive Impacts

The significant positive impacts of the project include the following: • Beautification of the Landscape in the Central Business District Area, Alausa • Improved economy ofthe people employed to provide services in the building • Improved economy ofthe State by the multiplier effects from tax revenue • Saving of land space and reduction in carbon footprint by the bio-climatic design • Removal of existing shanty structures that facilitate activities of miscreants.

5.3 Identification, Prediction and Evaluation of Negative Impacts

A full appreciation of the anticipated negative impacts requires a holistic consideratior various effects of the proposed action on the social and ecological characteristics of the environment. The criteria for identification of impacts include adequate consideration answers to the following questions: • Are the project activities and tasks • Subject to legislative or regulatory control? • Toxic to man or the environment • Likely to cause long term/irreversible damage to aquatic or terrestrial life? • Capable of extending beyond the site? On these bases, the following components of the project phases and the associated indicators were identified and listed in Tables 5.1 and 5.2.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headqullrters Building. CBn Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State Table 5.1: Project phases and sources of impact

Project phase Activities, Sources of impact (a) Site Investigation and Preparation Site clearing, waste disposal, vehicle traffic (b) Construction and Installations Digging, pilling, excavation, paving concreting (c) Facility Operation and Maintenance Vehicuiarlhuman traffic, Leaks, Noise, resident settlement privacy interference (d) Decommissioning and Abandonment Dismantling, Removal, Waste Disposal, Vehicular traffic.

Table 5.2: Impactable components of the environment and associated impact indicator

Environmental component Impact indicator 1. Climate and air quality Humidity, temperature, particulates, NOx, SOx, CO, VOC, THC. 2. Land use ISettlements, roads, transportation, infrastructure 3. Ecology Soil, erosion, subsidence 4. Socio-economics Population, income, health, safety, security.

Once impacts have been identified, it is necessary to quantify and predict their extent and nature. This is done by using a combination of tested techniques including case studies, modeling bioassay or microcosm studies, Leopold interaction matrix and theoretic consideration. The characterization of the impacts were based on the nature , characteristics and duration of the various project activities on the ecological components of aquatic and terrestrial environment as well as human health and safety.

Beneficial impacts (B): these are impacts that will produce an overall positive effect on the people and environment.

Adverse impacts (A): these are impacts that may result in: • Irreversible and undesirable changes in the biophysical and socio-economic environment • Decrease in the quality of the biophysical environment; • Limitation, restriction or denial of access to or use of any component of the environment to others, including future generations; and • Sacrifice of long term environmental viability or integrity for short term economic goals.

Direct Impact (D): these are impacts resulting directly (direct cause-effect consequence) from a project activity.

Indirect Impact (I): impacts that are at least one step removed from a project activity. They do not follow directly from a project activity.

Normal Impacts (N): impacts that will normally expected to follow a particular project activity. 93

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquartel'll Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State Abnormal Impacts (AB): an impact is considered to be abnormal when it follows c activity as against sound predictions based on experience.

Short-term Impacts (S): impacts that will last only within the period of a specified activity.

Long-term Impacts (L): impacts whose effects remain even after specific project activit

Reversible Impacts (R): these are impacts whose effects can be addressed on applic':i' adequate mitigation measures.

Irreversible Impacts (Ir): these are impacts whose effects are such that the subject (in' component) cannot be returned to its original state even after adequate mitigation meas,!" applied.

Cumulative Impacts (C): impacts resulting from interaction between ongoing project a;' with other activities, taking place simultaneously.

Incremental Impacts (In): impacts that progress with time or as the project activity proe;:,'

Residual Impacts (Rd): these are impacts that will still remain after mitigation measull . been applied.

The characterization of the various associated and potential impacts of the project is pres.: . ' Table 5.3.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alausa lkeja. Lagos State It Table 5.3: Characterization of impact

I SIN Associated and Potential Impacts Impact Characterization

A D I S L R Ir I I 1. Land use ofarea affected by land take • • • •

2 Increase of road traffic I risk of accidents • • • 1 • 3. Degradation of air quality by emissions • • • 4. Damage to roads and infrastructure • • •

• 5. Increase in waste generation I disposal • • • 6. Noise nuisance from machinery and equipment • • • • i 7. Degradation of soil by exposure, compaction & contamination • • • • 8. Workplace accident I injury / death • • • •

9 Privacy interference to neigbouring residential estate • • •

LEGEND TO IMPACTS: A =Adverse, D =Direct, I =Indirect, S =Short-term, L =Long-term, R = Reversible, Ir = Irreversible.

Evaluation of impacts

In this section, the potential and associated impacts identified and characterized in the previous stage of the assessment process were evaluated. The evaluation was based on clearly defined criteria thus: • Legal requirement, • Risk posed by impact, • Magnitude of occurrence, • Importance of impact, and • The interest I perception ofthe public on the project.

The evaluation was used to determine the significant or otherwise of the impacts. The criteria and weighing scale adopted for the evaluation are described below.

The pathway followed in the evaluation is illustrated in Fig 5.1. Details of the process are discussed hereunder while the results are presented thereafter in Table 5.4.

The mitigation and management procedures are discussed in Chapters Five and Six respectively. 95

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State Fig 5.1: Impact Evaluation Assessment, Mitigation and Management Procedure

Impact Assessment! Evaluation

Assessment! Evaluation Criteria Is the impact significant?

• Legal/ regulatory requirements Considering: • Risk • Frequency • Health and safety ofthepeopl., • Importance • Pollution/ deterioration ofthe • Public concern environment • Damage to asset/ property • Proponent's imal1e & reputatic .. -=::! .6 Mitigation! Amelioration Requirement Impact Mitigation

• Barriers to prevent adverse effect • Prevention strategy • Control of escalation factors • Reduction strategy • Recovery preparedness measures • Control strategy

Management plan

• Management resourcing & respon' • Monitoring plan • Auditing & review

Results of Impact Assessment

The results of the impact assessment exercise as discussed in the previous Sections are pr,;', in Table 5.4. The Table presents the various project phases, planned project activities, the environmental aspects ofthe proposed project as well as the identified associated and pote'; impacts. Also, included in the Table are impact significance evaluation criteria: (legallreg\1 requirement (L), risk posed by impact(R), magnitude ofoccurrence (M), importance of an;' environmental component (I) and public perception (P).

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corpol'llte Headquarters Building, CBn Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State "'-- In addition, the overall ratings of impact significance (High or Medium or Low) ofeach impact considered have been included. The overall significance ratings were based on the following• considerations: High significance 2::4 individual high ratings or 5 medium ratings Medium significance = >2 and <4 individual high ratings or 2::3 medium ratings Low significance = ~2 individual high ratings

Table 5.4: Checklists for Ranking of Associated and Potential Impacts

Project activities Potential and associated L R M I P Significance impacts ranking

Project location ! • Land use disruption Low Low Low Low Low Low siting through land-take by project facilities. I Mobilization Of • Interference with Low I Low Low Low Low i Low Machinery, public transport by Equipment & high traffic Facilities to Site & .• Risks of accidents Medium Medium Low Medium Medium Medium Personnel to site leading to injury! fatality • Damage to roads & Medium Low Low Low Low Low infrastructure • Degradation of air Low Low Low Medium Low Low quality by vehicular i emissions Site Preparation, • Degradation of soil Medium Low Low Medium Low Low Construction and i by exposure and i Installation, Project i erosion i operation and • Noise nuisance from Medium i Low Low Low Low Low maintenance. machinery and equipment l • Degradation of Low I Low Low Low Low Low surface & ground i water quality i • Increased waste medium Low Low Low Low Low generation resulting in pollution • Work place Low Low Low Low Low Low accidents, injury and even death • Degradation of air Medium Low Low Low Low Low quality by emission from fuel combustion engines (generators, pile I drivers etc.) I i

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State Decommissioning I • Corrosion of Medium Low Low Low Low 1 Abandonment abandoned structures, causing increase in ambient concentration of iron in the soil. I • Physical disturbance Medium Low Low Low Low from removal of structures • Pollution of soil & Medium Low Low Medium Low water by waste generation & disposal • Residual Medium Low Low Medium Low contamination '"

5.4 Description of Potential Negative Impacts

Impact on Air Quality

Short-tenn air degradation may result from construction related operations and vehiculi3: loadings. Air-borne particulates could result from soil disturbances during construction act All diesel-powered facilities such as power generators, bull-dozers, trucks and machineries would emit SOx, CO2, CO, NOx and other hazardous gases. These comh gases can cause air pollution problems and health related hazards for people in the vic'l1 addition to the vehicular traffic, other heavy duty automobiles will be brought to construction works, excavation, sand filling, piling, back-filling and concreting activities.

Degradation of air quality could therefore occur due to emission from vehicular traffic , generation of fugitive dust.

• Other possible sources of potential impacts on air quality are the following: • Chemical spills and leakages • Diesel generation sets • Lubricating and engine oil • Carbon dioxide, CO, NOx, S02, VOCs and particulates are some of the air conta;'~l i that may be emitted during machine operations. Workers, officials and peopk vicinity may be exposed to the negative effects which may cause respiratory probk' • Impact of construction machinery and operations Lorries and trucks on road traffic

The total vehicular traffic loading generated by construction activities and operation tm: Lorries will be relatively high and significant. Frequent lorry and truck movements J: 1.' disruptive and could create significant environmental impact. The capacity of the adjoininF may be inadequate to cater for the frequent lorry movements and there may be traffic Ch:i to careless driving, inappropriate road crossings (by truck and trailers) and accidents.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarten Building, CBn Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State .------.~ -...... _""- Impact on Soil • Clearing of the site would expose the soil to direct sunshine, which would elicit chains of significant negative impacts. For instance, direct exposure would lead to increase in soil temperature, fluctuating moisture regimes, erosion and topographic changes. Dramatic increases in soil temperature would result in high mortality of soil organisms and drying of the soil to the extent that regeneration is hindered. These impacts would be both direct and indirect, long term but local.

On the building sites, grading and compaction of soil would lead to loss of organic matter, deterioration of soil structure, reduction in infiltration rate and water holding capacity. These negative effects would however be restricted to the project site. Some quantity of soil will be excavated and backfilled. This would render the soil loose and unstable and may trigger soil erosion.

Impact on Noise and Vibration

Construction abilities and relatively high volume of traffic will generate considerable amount of noise, which may exceed the national exposure limit of 90dB (A) daily for an 8-hour working period. Main sources of noise are power generators, vehicular traffic and heavy machineries. Human receptors will be company workers and nearby communities. Continuous exposure may cause partial or total loss of hearing. This impact will be localized and temporary.

Impact on Surface and Ground Waters

Effluent discharges from routine operations and incidental discharges comprising petrol, diesel, lubricants, paints and other chemicals may degrade both surface and ground waters.

Surface runoff of chemicals, fuel, accidental spills, metals and solid wastes frequently stored in piles on the facility site can pollute surface waters and percolate to groundwater.

Impact on existing Land use

About 800m2 of land will be used up for the project. This space will not be available for any other purpose throughout the life of the project. However, the land use pattern will not be adversely affected since the affected plot of land has been allocated for industrial purposes.

Socia-economic and Cultural Impacts

About 50 skilled and 80 unskilled personnel will be recruited for the building project. This will result in a little significant population increase. If these construction workers are camped on site, their presence can bring about increased demands on services and facilities. This may result in slight increases in price which would be a burden on the local popUlace.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State Conflicts may also arise between construction crew and adjacent estate residents ar people as a result of the former's disregard or lack of respect for traditions and 'norms'.

At the end ofconstruction activities, there may be local economic depression in the neigh retailing markets following withdrawal of labour force, Le. boom and bust scenario.

Impact on Health

The health of the local people may be negatively impacted when labourers import diseast~, . the local medical facilities are inadequate to handle. Moreover, increased commercia; activities among construction workers could lead to an influx of commercial sex workers

Impact from Traffic Congestion

Productivity of workers in the area could be impacted upon with higher trafficcongestior commuting time increases. The traffic congestion in the CBD Area peaks in the morn: evening hours and thin out during off peak period except during un-usual incident wh k l cause heavy traffic jam or traffic grid lock. Traffic conflict arising from Street trading, (] . parking and poor traffic control to mention a few need to be addressed. Some location~;' the project area are noted for traffic bottleneck I conflict points which impede free tram· during the peak periods. These areas are usually cross junctions, roundabouts, and turning' The locations amongst others include Obafemi Awolowo Way I Governor' s Road, Awolowo Way / ASSBIFI Road, Obafemi Awolowo Way / Lateef Jakande Road, Awolowo Way / Kudirat Abiola Way junctions.

Provision of traffic control devices and proper parking lots along these major road juncti, l ' the planned Rehabilitation / Improvement of all road networks within the CBD will po and effectively address this.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters )'lullding, CBD Amoss - Ikeja. Lagos State It CHAPTER SIX

6.0 MITIGATION MEASURES

Adequate planning and proper implementation of appropriate mitigation measures for adverse environmental impacts represent important activities in the EIA process. A sequential consideration of the under listed steps as suggested by Canter et al (1991) was adopted in arriving at the most suitable intervention necessary to offset the negative effects ofthe project.

a) Avoiding the impact altogether by not taking a certain action or parts of an action; b) Minimizing impacts by limiting the degree or magnitude of the action and its implementation; c) Rectifying the impact by repairing, rehabilitating or restoring the affected environment; d) Reducing or eliminating the impact over time by preservation and maintenance operations during the life ofthe action; and e) Compensating for the impact by replacing or providing substitute resources or environments.

All significant adverse impacts and issues identified and presented in chapter five are considered for mitigation. Specific mitigation measures are proposed, where practicable, to either avoid, reduce, remove or compensate for the various impacts and are described in Section 6.1. Section 6.2 employs the risk assessment index to determine the mitigation requirements, which are presented in Table 6.1

6.1 Description of Mitigation Measures

Land Use Act

Neither people nor business activities would be displaced since the plot of land was earmarked for industrial use. Equitable purchase arrangements shall be made to compensate land owners. Payment of agreed sum shall be made promptly.

Control of Erosion and Soil Degradation

The exposed land area and duration of exposure will be minimized. Temporary (during construction) and permanent, erosion control measures shall be installed. At the end of construction and installation activities, all excavated areas and camp bases shall be properly backfilled and exposed areas re-vegetated with native plant species. Proposed erosion control measures shall adopt the following techniques: • Silt fencing; • Temporary silt trap basinl construction; • Short term seedling or mulching of exposed soil areas, particularly on slopes; • Limitations on access for heavy machinery and the storage of materials to avoid soil compaction. 101

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBO Amnn -lkeja. Lagos State • Paving with reinforced concrete shall be limited to operational areas.

Control of Noise and Vibration

Major construction activities such as pile driving, crane work, excavation and sand-fillil1! be limited to daylight hours to minimize construction noise. Mufflers will be used or equipment and power generators. Appropriate PPE such as ear muffs shan be provided workforce and their usage enforced with sound policies and by example. • Effective staff awareness campaign on the implications of non-compliance ",i policy shall be embarked upon. It is the employee's responsibility to make propcl the protection equipment provided by management and also observe any·' regulations in the use of equipment designed to minimize noise exposure. • Records ofnoise-exposure measurement ofworkers shall be kept. • Individual worker's exposure to excessive noise shall therefore be controlled I' arrangement. • Acoustic enclosures and silencers shall be used for high capacity diesel generator~

Traffic Management & Road Maintenance

All roads connected with the project sha1l be properly signed; load and speed limits ':i I imposed. All drivers involved with the project shall be trained and made safety-cm' , Contingency plans to minimize risk of accidents during transport shall be instituted.

Traffic Loading

Mobilization of construction trucks and machineries shall be done outside "rush hour" tn standard approach road shall be constructed at the main entrance to the site to ensure eas) Road dividers or kerbs shall be installed. Road will be properly signed and traffic I'. f employed to facilitate smooth vehicle traffic, at all times. The LAMATA Cel Headquarters Building Design concept includes a provision of underground Car Parking to minimize the on-road parking as a means to reduce Traffic Congestion. The Photogra ~ I 6.la & 6.1b below show a similar underground Car Parking facility within the CBD i' Alausa, Ikeja.

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa lkeja. Lagos State Plates 6.la and 6.lb: Examples of basement car parking facilities in the CBD Area, Alausa

Source: Sustainabiliti Limited Field Study July 2009

Solid Waste Management

Plans are made for adequate on-site disposal areas. Provisions would be made, in the design, for appropriate ultimate disposal facilities for the various categories of solid waste that may be generated.

These wastes will fall under two categories viz biodegradable and non-biodegradable. Efficient sorting shall be done on site and these would be disposed off-site according to national solid waste disposal guidelines.

Socio-Economic and Cultural Issues

Some of the labour force will be recruited from the neighbouring communities. This will reduce large concentration of labourers in one single camp thereby minimizing population impacts. Alausa, Agidingbi, Ikeja and surrounding areas have the capacity to absorb the labour force without any significant impact on facilities and social services.

All employees will be properly briefed to ensure awareness of, and sensitivity to, the local traditions and 'norms'. Resident representatives would be intimated with the projected activities of LAMAT A and their cooperation sought.

In other to avoid any sharp decline in economic activities in the neighbourhood, withdrawal of personnel would be phased and made gradual.

103

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa lkeja. Lagos StIlte Health and Safety Issues

The workforce shall be properly infonned of the potential risks and hazards associated wit jobs, which might be likely to impinge on their health and safety. All workers shall be J1 with infonnation which allows them to assess a risk in simple tenns.

Health education including vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections including H1' be provided.

Disciplined behavior on the part of the workforce shall be made a condition for Cli engagement at the site.

6.2 Tabulation of Mitigation Requirements Using Risk Assessment Index

A Risk Assessment Index (Fig. 6.1) was used to detennine the mitigation requirements I of the impacts identified earlier in Chapter 5. The frequency, severity, sensitivit\" longevity, political, economic, legal, reputation I image and communication I compJa factors generally taken into consideration during these assessments I ratings.

Fig 6.1: Risk Assessment Index Matrix for Determining Control Requirements

Impact

Formal Control Physical Control Avoidance

Training Formal Control Physical Control

Informal Training Formal Control

Low Medium High ------+1It> Likelihv'

A combination of the extent of impact and its likelihood of occurrence detennines whe1 hazard should be avoided, controlled physically by creating barriers, controlled form infonnally or by creating awareness through training.

Table 6.1 presents the mitigation measures proffered for the associated and potential im the project and associated facilities.

Following the identification of the hazards and risks, the various impacts associated \\\i projects were assessed as given in Table 6.1 below. The impact assessments were cate;

EIA Report Cor Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarren Building, eRn Alausa -Ikeja. Lagos State -- _.....,,,.,,",,,,,,--_.._-- .,,_....__.._ according to the stages ofthe project as follows: (a) project evaluation, exploration and surveys (b)mobilization, transportation, accommodation and settlement of workers! personnel (c) construction and establishment ofthe project (d) operation (e) maintenance of health and security in working environment in long term operation (f) decommissioning.

Table 6.1: Mitigation Measures for tbe Potential and Associated Impacts

Project activities Potential and Critical point Control Mitigation Measures associated impacts mechanism Project location I • Land use disruption Ikeja & Alausa Formal • Site belongs to Lagos State siting through landtake by Master Plans Government project facilities. • No mitigation necessary Mobilization Of • Interference with Mobilization Avoidance • LAMAT A shall direct contractor Macbinery, public transport by route to avoid mobilizing during 'rush Equipment & high traffic hour' traffic Facilities to Site & • Contractor shall ensure orderly Personnel to site and controlled vehicular and personnel movement by developing traffic plan • Risks of accidents Mobilization Avoidance • LAMA T A shall ensure that leading to injury I route contractor's all vehicles are in fatality good working conditions before embarking on trip. • LAMAT A shall conduct competency training for all drivers • Contractor shall impose load and speed limits and properly sign all appropriate roads • Contractor shall hold regular safety meetings • Damage to roads & Mobilization Formal • LAMA T A shall ensure its infrastructure route contractors shall repair all i damaged roads and infrastructure • and keep them in good condition • Degradation of air Mobilization Informal • Contractors shall maintain all quality by vehicular route vehicles at optimal working emissions conditions • LAMATA shall develop effective journey management plan Site Preparation,. Degradation of soil Project site Formal • LAMAT A through its Contractor Construction and by exposure and shall minimize land area exposed Installation, Project erosion and duration of exposure operation and • LAMAT A through its Contractor maintenance. shall install temporary (during construction) and permanent erosion measures such as; silt fencing; silt trap basins; short term seeding and molding of exposed soil area. • Noise nuisance from Point of noise Formal • Contractor shall maintain machinery and generation, equipment to optimal working equipment power house condition 105

EIA Report for Proposed LAl\

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, eBn AllIusa lkeja. Lagos State Wastes of various Project site Formal It • • LAMATA shall institute types will be appropriate waste control and generated management policies • LAMATA shall enforce the various strategies to ensure appropriate disposal ofwaste • Neighbouring Project site Informal • LAMAT A shall ensure that the privacy intrusion design of the building is adjusted to reduce privacy intrusion. • LAMATA shall ensure the planting and maintenance of trees that serve as natural screens and buffer to the neigbouring residential areas. • Displacement of Project site Formal • Site belongs to Lagos State temporary current Government users of land and • No mitigation necessary because food sellers the current users (Lilleker Bros Nig Ltd) have their own permanent site and usage was granted to them on a temporary agreement to facilitate the on going work on electrification in the neighbourhood. Hence they will go back to their own permanent site with their Food vendors on commencement of the LAMATA Corporate

I Headquarters project • Copy of Letter of Agreement on Page 123. Decommissioning I • Corrosion of Project site Formal • LAMATA shall conduct post Abandonment abandoned and environs abandonment monitoring and structures, causing corrosion protection of facilities if i increase in ambient necessary concentration of iron in the soil. I

107

ElA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa lkeja. Lagos State CHAPTER SEVEN

7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.1 Introduction

An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a management tool that presents strate:;,l procedures for managing potential environment impacts associated with a proposed LAMATA recognizes that a good and effective EMP not only protects and minimizes 11' adverse environmental consequences, but reduces potential commercial risk. They have t'i. integrated an EMP into their normal business practices.

The EMP shall govern all modes of operations. It shall serve the long term objectives of (!, environmental compliance with legislation, achieving, enhancing and demonstrating environmental performance. It shall also guide in the rationalization and streamlir environmental activities throughout the lifetime of the project from commissioning, development to abandonment. This also includes the means by which these aims .. achieved, as well as presenting responsibilities, accountabilities and modifications to the ;' The EMP recommends corrective and recovery actions that shal1 be immediately employ:' i incidence ofenvironmental emergencies.

The overall goal of the environmental management plan is to progressively reduce the in~ the project development activities on the environment with the ultimate aim of eliminatir : Additional challenging targets have been set for the project to include: • The integration of environmental management issues into project plan • Encouraging the employees and contractors to implement these enVirO'!l' management guidelines for the project • Promoting environmental management awareness among workers and • Developing a waste management programme for the development project.

The EMP shall incorporate various mitigation measures for potential impacts as outline;' previous Chapter. The EMP shall also form the basis for the implementation ofthe deve;, project.

7.2 Objectives of the Environmental Management Plan

The long-term objectives of the programme ofenvironmental management are to: • Ensure compliance with legislation and company policy; • Achieve, enhance and demonstrate sound environmental performance built arOJ principle of continuous improvement; • Integrate environment fully into business; • Provide the standards for overall planning, operation, audit and review; • Encourage and achieve the highest performance and response from individual en:' and contractor;

EtA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State It • Rationalize and streamline environmental activities to add value in efficiency and effectiveness; • Enable management to establish environmental priorities • Be applicable throughout the organization.

7.3 Use and maintenance of tbe EMP

The EMP shall remain a dynamic working tool. It shall be updated and revised periodically, throughout the project life span to incorporate improved environmental technologies, regulations, management systems, guidelines and policies.

7.4 Monitoring: Measurements and Procedures

Systematic observation and measurement of selected variables shall be undertaken in order to identify the nature and magnitude of longer term impacts ofthe project as shown in Table 7.1.

Accordingly, the regulatory authorities with responsibility for oversight functions, in the monitoring and enforcement of environmental quality at the Federal Level (FMENV, NESREA) and State Level (LAS EPA) shall work in collaboration with LAMATA Environmental Safeguard Unit during the course ofthe project phase to ensure compliance with National and international legislation in respect ofthe mitigation measures and that monitoring indicators during the project phases are within permissible level.

It is important that issues raised in this Report is reflected in the final design ofthe project and that an Environmental Specialist is attached to work with the Contractors to ensure compliance with mitigation measures on commencement ofthe construction and operational phase.

109

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD AlBusa -Ikeja. Lagos State Table 7.1: Monitoring Programme for the LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building Pro Site

SiN Impact \ Impact Sampling Sampling method Sampling Sampling End of use " parameter indicator location frequency duration data

1 Air quality CO2 Work Site Digital Dust Meter Quarterly Short Compliance CO Base Camp Gas Guard 2 Term Data Bank NOX VOC 2 Noise Noise Work site Noise Meter Quarterly Long term Compliance Level Base Camp Health Da c,' (dBA) Bank Shit Arran".gemen t 3 Soil pH Work site pH Meter Quarterly Short term Compliance Organic Base Camp DR· 2010 Data Bank Carbon Spectrophotometer THC OIL& Grease Heavy Metals 4 Water pH Project Site pH Meter Seasonally Short term Compliance Quality BOD Community DR- 2010 DataBank (Ground) COD Wells Spectrophotometer THC Heavy Metals 5 Traffic Congestion Work site Traffic census Monthly Long term Compliance Loading s Adjoining Databank Accidents Roads

7.4.1 Assessment of Environmental Effects

LAMA TA will establish procedures for examining and assessing environmental effect direct and indirect, from their operation, the procedures will include: • Identifying the sources and characteristics of all observed environmental effects; • Quantifying claims on resources and discharges to the environment; • Quantifying and qualifying indirect effects on the environment.

7.5 Waste Management Strategies

Effective and responsible waste handling and disposal are key elements of an organi:' environmental management system. There is increasing international concerns that WH> properly managed in order to minimize their potential to cause harm to health h1 1 ' environment. Moreover, efficient management of wastes can reduce operating costs and pc liabilities.

ElA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarten Building, CRn Amusa -lkeja. Lagos Statl' The strategies of waste management to be adopted are summarized as follows: • To reduce the volumes ofwastes generated through appropriate technology; • • To recycle and re-use waste • To treat hazardous waste and make them inert before disposal • To ensure safe and responsible collection, separation, storage and disposal of all wastes. • To monitor waste disposal activities in order to prevent future liabilities. • To minimize the negative impact of activities on the environment.

7.6 Audit Programme

Regular Environment Audit will be conducted during the project development programme. This will ensure that environment protection and management procedures are being enforced.

The Audit programme shall: • Examine line management systems, plant operations, monitoring practices, procedures and plans; • Examine compliance with regulatory requirements; • IdentifY current and potential environmental problems during the development process; and • Make recommendation that would lead to the sustainable management system of the development operation.

The Environmental Audit (EA) process provides an assessment of the environment performance during the operation phase of the facilities. It is an internal control process to ensure that environmental issues and management procedures are strictly followed. This audit will be conducted every three years to ensure that environmental standards are maintained and EMP is followed.

LAMA TA shall establish and institutionalize audit schemes aimed at verifYing the effectiveness of environmental control and highlighting areas of weakness in environmental management.

The field development audit shall take the form of inspections and surveillance, which shall focus mainly on environmental performance, through appropriate designed checklists. Part ofthe audit activities shall include evaluation of environmental integrity of field facilities and identification of the residual environmental risks retained after implementation of mitigation measures.

7.7 Safety Philosophy

Key features in the design shall include installation, inspection and maintenance of all required safety equipment, and training and emergency drills to ensure that workers are experienced in its use.

111

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State Adequate and effective measures to ensure safety at all times to life and property:' . installed. Specifically there shall be provision for appropriate and fail safe control and pr systems to ensure safe operations.

Other safety equipments to be provided at the building site include: • Fire alarm • Smoke detectors • Flame detectors • Fire fighting systems • Non slip floors • Accessible ramp for the disabled • Periodic training and continual safety reminders shall be provided for all operatit It will also be ensured that appropriate safety and rescue equipment is available employees are trained in its use.

Plates 7a, 7b, and 7c: Pbotograpbs of Accessible Ramps for tbe disabled taken at a Buildil1; tbe CBD, Alausa.

Source: Sustainabiliti Limited Field Study July 2009

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters BuildiDg, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos SllIte 7.8. Decommissioning Plan •

At the end of the useful life of the project, some facilities will be abandoned in the field. Abandoned facilities shall be dismantled and demolished and the site will be restored in accordance with LAMATA Asset Abandonment Plan and applicable environmental regulations.

LAMATA shall develop a detailed reclamation and closure plan for the filed. This will ensure that the site is restored to its original state.

The implementation of the Environmental Management Programme will ensure that the current status of the environment is maintained without the project having significant negative effects on the environment.

Before decommissioning, LAMA TA shall develop decommission plans that will consider: • The facilities that are to be abandoned or removed and the methods that are proposed for abandonment, removal, disposal and/ re-use. • The efforts that are to be made to mitigate environmental impacts and appropriately rehabilitate the site • Advance planning for decommissioning will consider the following elements: • Concession contract provisions • An estimate ofthe current abandonment liability • Estimated sale value • Solicitation ofcandidates looking for building property • Advertisements of availability, and • Identification of removal/reuse / disposal option

7.9. Communications

The existing line of environmental communication in LAMATA Figure 7.1 shall facilitate the implementation of the identified mitigation measures to address the potential adverse impacts and sustain the positive impacts ofthe proposed LAMATA Corporate building.

113

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State 7.10 Organisation chart, responsibilities and implementation budget

Fig 7.1: Organisation Chart of LAMATA

Managing Director Special Assistant N to Managing DirectorJ

Environmental & Corporate & Legal Social Safeguards Secrelary

External Relations I Procurement I

General Services Intemal Audit • Human Resooree5 • Administration Information I Technology I I J I I Director Director Director of Director Director otFinance of Plannlng PubUc Transport of Roads of Traffics • Accounting • Programs & • Room licenses • Planning • Slgnaliz8tiofl Monitoring . Budgeting • Franchising • Programming i ·TSM • Reporting • Fares I . Enforcement • Oata Collection l . Road Safety

Source: www.)amata-ng.com

At LAMATA, there is top level management and officers responsible for mwn environmental issues which can be amended as required. The Managing Director ani Executive Officer is responsible for the provision of resources such as specializec technology and finances for LAMATA to implement the recommendations of the Con' and the Safeguard Unit which shall be in line with the World Bank Policies.

Two broad divisions identified within the Safeguard Unit of LAMATA are the Soc Environmental Divisions with two (2) officers manning the divisions. It is our cor' . opinion that the current staffing is inadequate for the scale of operations LAMA T A is h" in the Lagos Megacity Transport Sector, and thus we recommend the recruitment additional specialist in each division to provide the required support and also to strengtl·

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Bnilding, eBn Alonso - lkeja. Lagos Sblte Divisions within the Safeguard Unit. These two new specialists, supporting the two Social and Environmental Specialists on ground, will jointly oversee the preparation and implementation• of safeguard instruments.

It is important that both divisions are integrated into the planning, design and implementation of LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building to ensure that the followings activities and issues are adequately address and implemented on the proposed project: • Socio-economic impacts, • Health and Safety • Poverty • Energy • Water • Materials • Waste - Solid and Hazardous • Emissions to Air, Land and Water • Biodiversity • Ozone depleting substances etc

In addition, LAMATA will work with Environmental Consultants accredited by the Federal Ministry of Environment, the National Environmental Standard and Regulation Enforcement Agency (NESREA) and the Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency (LASEPA) in the implementation ofthe environmental targets.

Also, the building contractor needs to have qualified staff including environmental engineer to implement the EMP

The efforts of LAMATA in terms of training and career development have been on-going for years. LAMATA supports and sponsors various cadres of staff to workshops and seminars aimed at sharpening their skills and to improve productivity.

The management is committed to improving the type of training related to safety and environment for its workers and particularly those with environmental responsibilities.

There is a designated budget for implementing the Environmental Management Plan. The project has made the necessary budget provisions to ensure that the mitigation commitments, including the monitoring programs can be fully implemented. Full supplementary assistance will be provided by LAMA TA. There is also a provision for contingencies and inflation that may result from delays. This is about 20% of total budget. The overall budget for the environmental management plan is presented in Table 7.2

115

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa lkeja. Lagos State Table 7.2: Environmental Management Plan Budget

I. Cost of ensuring staff members receive training and ! or are made aware of environmental practices and 50 6 2. Cost of ensuring contractors receive training and! or are made aware of environmental practices and responsibilities 25 3 000.00

25 3 000.00 LAMATA STAFF 100 47 500.00

plan

Devices and silencers for high 4

9. Cost of ensuring good housekeeping and good work practices throughout project cycle in the storage, handling and use of fuels, oils, grease, paints, chemicals, and waste flows 10. Cost of conducting formal audits! regular checks on equipments and encourage workers to report faults that can

water drains, oil!

ElA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa -lkeja. Lagos State 16. Cost for

17. Sub - total

18.

TOTAL BUDGET

7.11 Implementation and Operation

The strategic environmental objective, as determined by management is to:

Minimize Environmental Impacts of Operations

The outcomes to achieve and the actions needed to take to deliver these objectives are set out in Table 7.3.

Table 7.3: Environmental Management Plan Roles and Responsibilities

STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTIVE: Minimize Environmental Impacts of Operations

LAMATA shall promote and minimize the environmental impact of our operations to our stakeholders and users through safe environmental management systems which comply with the national regulations and facilitation of good working practices for all through a multi-skilled approach to deliver a high profile presence in and around the CBD Area.

The outcomes to achieve are: . A safe environmental management system for all workers I A safe environment for our users

Actions: Who When Commitment to ensure continuous compliance • with the environmental requirements Identification of critical environmental responsibilities, Managing Director October 2009 assignment of responsibilities, and communication of same to employees. Ensuring staff members receive training and / or are made Environmental October 2009 aware of environmental practices and responsibilities Specialist regularly. Endeavouring to organize / arrange Environmental Environmental and On-going

117

EIA Report fur Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State management activities within LAMA TA into an Social Safeguard Environmental Manual that will help in implementation Specialists ofitsEMP Ensuring customers are made aware of LAMATA' s All Staff On-goin£ commitment to the environment. Developing an organisation which focuses on learning Managing Director On-going and continuous improvement, involving all of the labour force rather than just the skilled" engineers and managers Actions: Waste Minimisation Undertaking regular checks / Audits on LAMA T A Environmental Weekly / equipments and encourage workers to report faults that Specialist Quarterl)

! can cause leakages / spills. Ensuring the facilities floor is cleaned the majority of the Daily time by sweeping or vacuuming fluids from all parts, Environmental washers, irrelevant of chemicals. Specialist Ensuring that the General Housekeeping of the premises Environmental Daily andperimeter ofthe facility is kept in a clean condition. Specialist Ensuring the storm water drains, oil traps, sediment tank Environmental Weekly,' : or silt trap is cleaned regularly Specialist Action: Waste Water Management: Ensuring that the sewage treatment plant / septic tank are Environmental . October maintained to meet the National standards permissible Specialist and level of National Environmental regulatory agencies Maintenance Engineer Action: Containment and storage practices Ensuring all containers used for storing chemicals, Maintenance Engineer On-going contaminated components and waste are sealed, not spillin~ over and free of leakages Action: Improve the Air Quality of the working: Environment . Quantification and documentation of sources & emissions Environmental Every data. We shall also undertake emission reduction and Specialist beginnin!~ implementation plan, which shall be reviewed every three 2009 years. Action: Waste Disposal Undertaking that facility generated waste and sludge are Maintenance engineer Weekly a removed for approved disposal by a licensed contractor with cont! and di~osed in approved licensed facility. Ensuring a log book is kept for waste given to licensed Maintenance engineer Daily contractor Action: Maintain Health & Safety Ensuring safety of operations and staff Environmental On-going Specialist Provision of First Aid Equipment Environmental On-going Specialist Regular inspection & Maintenance of fire extinguisher Environmental Weekly / I and fire alarm system Specialist

ElA Report for ProPlllied LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State CHAPTER EIGHT

8.0. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This EIA Study recognizes the need to incorporate environmental consideration into every stage of the proposed project. This will ensure the rational use of natural resources, minimize the potential impacts on the environment and promote development policies that are sustainable.

Appropriate institutional framework shall be set up by LAMAT A to implement the recommended mitigation measures while the proposed monitoring programmes are set in motion as soon as possible. All these shall ensure that potential environmental impacts are either eliminated or reduced to the barest minimum.

The EIA Report shall form an integral part of the project implementation document and shall be used by project supervisors in checking any adverse effect that the project may have on the various environmental components. The proposed mitigation measures, monitoring plans, and overall Environmental management programmes shall be faithfully implemented and appropriate modifications and improvements integrated at all project phases.

In this regard safeguard clauses will be inserted in the bidding documents to ensure compliance by the contractor

The Supervising Consultants and the main Contractors handling the construction of the proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters building are to have an Environmental Specialist as a key member of the Professional Team to ensure that all the mitigation measures recommended are incorporated and implemented satisfactorily through the project cycle. The Environmental Specialist will work closely with LAMATA Safeguards Unit.

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EtA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD AllIusa - Ikeja. Lagos State ~-t);.,~ tt""·"""<·'t"n(:.~-t ...... •-.-

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Adebo B.A and Adetoyinbo A.A., Assessment of groundwater quality in unconsolidated Sedimentary coastal aquifer in Lagos State, Nigeria. Scientific Research and Essay vol. 4 314 - 319 April, 2009. Website: http//www.academicjournal.org/sre

Lagos State Government: Ikeja Model City Plan. 2008

LAMATA: Lagos Vehicular Emission (Air Quality) Monitoring Study, 2008

World Bank: Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook, 1998

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State It

APPENDIX

121

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State LIST OF EIA PREPARERS

Participants in the study were multidisciplinary. The following persons contributed Report:

Task Description Personnel

Project Management Mrs. Olakitan Ogungbuyi B.Sc, M.Sc,

Environmental Specialist Professor J. D. Olowokudejo, Ph.D

Socio- Economic Specialist Kayode Ogungbuyi B.Sc, M.L.S

Legal Expert Gbenga Asaaju Esq, LLB, BL, LLM

Town Planning & Land Use Adeboye Aduwo, B.Sc, M.Se FNITP

Air Quality Monitoring Mr. Suleiman Megida B.Se

Impact Assessment Mrs. Olakitan Ogungbuyi B.Sc, M.Sc, Professor J. D. Olowokudejo, Ph.D Kayode Ogungbuyi B.Sc, M.L.S Adeboye Aduwo B.Sc, M.Sc FNITP

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alausll - lkeja. Lagos State LAGOS STATE GOVERNMENT LAGOS STATE SIGNAGE &ADVERTISEMENT AGENCY

30" March, 2009 PH NO:Li\SAA/MO/09i03/21

The Managing Director The Lagos Metropolitan Area Transport Authority r~'LJ...<>-t.::· ) (LAMAr",), Block C, 2'" Floor, Motorways Centre, I Motorways Avenue, '~ ~~, ~ AI.usa, Ike]. c~(--,~

Attention' EngL Funsho Elulade ~,\~r)

Dear Sir,

TEMPORARY SITE OFFI!;E ON LAMATA LAND ADJACENT TO ELEPHANT,HOUSE. IKElA. LAGOS

Sequel to the joint site Inspection carried Ollt With Engineer, Funsho tlul.de and Mr. lekan Olanryan of LilMATA, representatives of our agency and our electrical engineering contractor, lilleker Brothers (Nigeria) LimitE'd regarding erecting a temporary site compound on the land belonging to LAMATA adjacent to Elephant House, Ikeja, laeos for a penod of 9 months, beginning 1" April, 2009.

As requested the dimenSion of thi' compound would be 52m x 30m. It would be con5truct~d with 3m high galvanized posts and chain link fencing with a 5m wide double gate.

Within the compound would be 1 (No) Site office and containers used for storage, the main function of the compound would be for co,ting street lighting foundation and welding of the street lighting columns

Please find herewith attached an architectural drawing better ilh"trating the dimensions mentioned above,

For any further clanl,calion please contact the undersigned,

Yours fa.thwlly,

Manager, Project Development & External Relalions.

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ElA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF LAMATA PROPOSED BUIll

SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY QUESTIONAIRE

SECTION A

To be filled in by the Interviewer:

Date of Interview: ......

Place of Interview ......

IDENTITY

1. Name of respondent ......

2. Name ofTownIVillage ICity ......

3. Location ofthe Community

State...... Local Government Council ......

Road/StreetiClose/Crescent: ...... Street No......

4. Are you a native of this town? Yes () No ( )

5. If No, where are you from?

6. Do you live in the Ikeja Central Business District Area of Lagos?

Yes () No ( )

7 .Do you work in the Ikeja Central Business District Area of Lagos?

Yes () No ( )

8. How long have you lived here? ......

(i) 0-5 years () (ii) 6-10 years ( ) (iii) 11-15 years ( ) (vi) 16-20 years ( ) (v) Over 21 years ( )

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBn Alausa -Ikeja. Lagos State 9. How old are you now?

(i) 0 - 10 years ( ) (ii) 11 - 20 years ( ) (iii) 21-30 years ( )

(iv) 31-40 years ( ) (v) 41-50years ( ) (vi) above 50 ( )

10. Sex: Male ( ) Female ( )

11. Marital Status (i) Married ( ) (ii) Single ( ) (iii) Divorced ( )

(iv) Widowed ( )

12. Number ofwives ( ) and children ( )

13. Religious affiliation: (i) Muslim ( ) (ii) Traditional ( ) (iii) Christianity ( )

14. Level of Education (i) None () (ii) Primary () (iii) Secondary ( ) (iv) Post Secondary ( ) (v) Quranic education () (vi) Others (specify) ( )

15. What is your major occupation? (i) Farming ( ) (ii) Trading ( ) (iii) Company worker ( ) (iv) Civil Service Worker ( ) (v) Fishing ( ) (vi) Self-employed ( ) (vii) Student ()

16 How long have you been in this occupation? (a) 0-5 years (s) ( )

(b) 5-10 years () (c) 10-20 years ( ) (d) 20-30 years ( )

(e) 30 years and above ( )

17. Are you aware of the presence of the Corporate Infrastructural Development within your environment? Yes No

18. Are you aware there will be sitting of LAMATA Corporate Headquarters building in your neighborhoods? ( ) If yes, how did become aware

19. Can you remember when the project was initiated? Yes ( ) No ( )

20. What were the former activities at the project site ------

21. How do you think the project will affect your occupation?

(a) Positively () (b) Negatively ( )

22. At what level of the project development do you expect your occupation I income to be affected? (a) At the inception ( ) (b) At the construction stage ( ) (c) At 125

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State the production stage ( )

23. Quantify this impact in tenns of percentage increase or decrease in your business above 100 % (b) 100 % (c) between 75 and 100% (d) between 50 and '. between 25 and 50 % effect (f) between 0 and 25 %

24. What do you think will be the effect of the LAMATA Corporate Headquarter' following socio-economic activities in your area I town lcity?

A. commercial restaurants activities () B. Trading e.g. location of markets, I:

(C) Employment generation during the project ( ) D. Employment generation Ii i project () E. Transportation routes ( ) F. Location of educational facilities (

G. Quality of water supply () H. Location of health facilities ( ) Incidence of disease from water supply ( ) J. Incidence of disease from emission ( )

*KEY: (1) Positive very severe effect (2) Positive severe effect (3) Negative ver:, effect (4) Negative severe effect (5) No effect (6) I don't know.

25 What position do you hold in your community? Traditional Ruler ( ) Imu'l Church Leader ( ) Community head () Chainnan, Corr! Development ( ) Youth Leader () Family Head () No Position Any other ( )

RESPONDENT'S ECONOMIC STATUS

26. Do you have a house, if yes, what type? Galvanised iron sheet I mud house Pennanent (cement block) house ( ) Aluminium roofl cement block hous!: None ofthe above ( )

27. Do you have a (a) Bicycle ( ) Motor-cycle ( ) Private Car ( ) Nom above.

28. What social problem(s) do you have in your community?

Youth disorderly behaviour/disturbance

Traffic issues

Land dispute ( ) Chieftaincy problem ( ) Poverty issues ( )

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State Inter-tribal problem ( ) • Inter-family problem ( )

None ofthe above ( )

29. What were your fears on the project?

Land take-over ( ) Traffic issues ( ) Gaseous Pollution ( ) Waste & Sanitation issues ( ) Health problem ( ) Social problem ( ) Don't know ( ) None of the above ( )

30. What environmental problem is common within your community?

Erosion ( )

Flooding ( )

Land-slide ( )

No idea ( )

31. What common health problem(s) do you have in your community?

32. When did you first notice these health problems? (a) before the inception of the LAMATA BUILDING Project ( ) (b) Don't know / remember ( )

33. What is the source ofyour drinking water? (a) Pipe-borne water (b) Bore-hole

(c) hand dug deep well (above 20 ft deep) (d) shallow hand dug well (less than 20 ft deep) (e) river or stream/spring (f) Stored rain water (g) the lagoon (h) the ocean (i) Others (please specify) ......

34. What is the source of your water for domestic use? (a) Pipe-borne water () (b) Bore-hole ( ) (c) hand dug deep well (above 20 ft deep) () (d) shallow hand dug

127

EIA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building. CBD Alausa - Ikeja. Lagos State well (less than 20 ft deep) ( ) (e) river or stream/spring ( ) (f) Stored rah ) (g) the lagoon ( ) (h) the ocean ( ) (i) Others (please

35. Comment freely on the LAMATA BUILDING Project ......

THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME AND PATIENCE.

GOD BLESS.

SUSTAINABILITI LIMITED

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD A1ausa lkeja. Lagos Slate MINUTES OF ON SITE CONSULTATION & DISCUSSION WITH STAKEHOLDERS• ON THE LAMATA PROPOSED PROJECT ON CBD AREA ALAUSA 29th JUNE 2009

In Attendance

MrMac-Jone Foreman (Lilleker Bros Nig. Limited representative) Mr Andy-Davidson Project Man ( Lilleker Bros Nig. Limited) Mrs Cecelia John Food Vendor Representative Mrs Kemi Ajayi Food Vendor Representative Mr Isaac Omoniyi LAMATA Environmental Specialist Engr Lekan Olaniyan LAMATA Representative Mrs Kitan Ogungbuyi Environmental Consultant (Sustainabiliti Limited) Mr K. A. B. Ogungbuyi Environmental Consultant ( Sustainabiliti Limited) Mr Adeboye Aduwo Environmental Consultant (HUSSPLAN CONSULT) Mr Ojediran Olalere Lafarge !Elephant Cement House Representatives Mr S. A Adekanbi Chairman (Strabag Estate Residents Association) Mrs S. A Adekanbi Nurse (Estate Resident) Mr Seyi Jegede Student (Estate Resident) Mr Lasekan Olusiji Sales Executive (Darlez Medicals Nig Ltd) Mr Samuel Ade Plot 1 Assbifi Road Resident Mr Daniyan Akande Coca cola staff

The EIA Study Team in the course of baseline studies intimated members ofthe residents in the estate close to the project site and current users of the project of site of a discussion on the proposed LAMAT A project in the area. The meeting was an open meeting held at the Project site on the 29th ofJune and commenced at 12.30 hrs

At the meeting were representatives of relevant stakeholders in particular Lilleker Bros Nig Limited representatives, food vendors on site, Larfage Cement W APCO Nigeria Pic, Residents Association of the Strabag Estate beside the project area, Environmental Consultants, LAMAT A and passerby.

Opening

The Study Team Leader informed the meeting of the project to be carried out by the project site and an overview of its description.

The essence of involving the identified stakeholders in the project cycle was explained to the meeting in order to ensure sustainable development as well as to minimize any potential negative effect that may arise in the course ofthe project cycle.

Questions were raised to elicit response on the proposed project and determine the perception of the stakeholders.

129

EIA Report for Proposed LAMATA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State General discussions

A number of issues were discussed, deliberated upon and clarified at the meeting. These' the following:

Lagos Metroline Project

A number of participants at the meeting were aware of the site being earmarked for th Metroline project since the early 80's and were presuming that LAMA T A will be resu; the project. This misconception was clarified that the proposed project is for constructi Corporate Headquarters Building for LAMATA and not construction or commencemel1 Lagos Metro Line project.

Height of Building A participant was skeptical about the proposed height of the building and felt that it maj approved in view of the fact that other building in the CBD area is not more than seve) excluding basement as the closeness of the Ikeja CBD to the Murtala Mohammed restricts building heights in the area.

Parking

Participants who utilize some of the training / conference facilities in some ofthe buildin: area were hopeful that LAMAT A presence in the area will facilitate setting up of proper I lots so as to reduce the trend of on~road parking of vehicles by office users and illegal I Fee collection.

Business Opportunities

All the participants agreed to the fact that the project will bring positive opportunities. :'

participants perceive it will alleviate poverty in the area by facilitating recruitment of '.1 (mainly artisans, and other service providers who would earn a living from the projecl ' they envisaged that space / office letting as envisaged by LAMATA will attracl commercial businesses to the area.

Residents representative in the area were glad the area will be free from miscreants that • loiter in the area after dark.

The Estate Agent in one of the buildings in the area was of the opinion that the project will its company business as it will enhance the value of Properties in the CBD in general i· ASSBIFI Road in particular.

Food vendors that service the workers currently working on the site and neighborhood inJ., interest in expanding their business opportunities with LAMA TA by way of operating 1

ElA Report for Proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters Building, CBD Alausa - lkeja. Lagos State canteen for LAMATA. Madam Cecelia John who represented the Food Vendors confirmed that they were granted temporary stay to provide meals in their Bukaterias to Lilleker• Bros Nig. Limited staff working on the LASAA project and that they will be moving out with Lilleker to its permanent site when construction activities commence on the proposed LAMA TA Corporate Headquarters building.

Participants were asked to fill questionnaires for documentation.

The meeting closed at 14.00hrs.

131

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