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Approaching Discipleship in Mark on A View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Vanderbilt Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Archive UNDERSTANDING AS THE EMBODIMENT OF MYSTERY: APPROACHING DISCIPLESHIP IN MARK ON A POSTCOLONIAL FEMINIST KEY BY JIN YOUNG CHOI Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Vanderbilt University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Religion August, 2013 Approved: Professor Fernando F. Segovia Professor Daniel M. Patte Professor Herbert R. Marbury Professor Jaco J. Haman Copyright © 2013 by Jin Young Choi All Rights Reserved ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I thank the Graduate Department of Religion at Vanderbilt University and its Program in Theology and Practice, which extended tremendous support throughout my Ph.D. studies. Without the Program’s financial support, I could not have produced this work. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor, Professor Fernando Segovia, whose life, scholarship and pedagogy has inspired and formed me as an engaged scholar and a teacher, and who led me to write this dissertation as who I am and from where my passion lies. He has never had me record his thoughts, but instead shone a light ahead of my path so that I could walk and has stood alongside me on the way with patience and full confidence. I have been doubly blessed by having a great mentor, Professor Elena Olazagasti-Segovia, whose care and encouragement made me achieve more than my capacity in the whole process of research and writing. I cannot thank Professor Daniel Patte enough for his encouragement and persistent support. A directed course on Mark guided by him gave me a lot of insight into this project. My sincere thanks also go to other committee members, Professor Herbert Marbury and Professor Jaco Hamman, who is also the Director of the Theology and Practice Program. Outside the committee, Professor Ted Smith, now teaching at Emory University, was an unbelievable source of support and helped my work to be an interdisciplinary and practical endeavor. I thank faculty mentors of the Asian Theological Summer Institute held in 2009, who gave me valuable comments on my dissertation proposal. I am especially indebted to Professor Tat-siong Benny Liew for a conversation that helped me develop the concept of phronesis. In developing an Asian and Asian American feminist biblical hermeneutics in this dissertation, it is discernible that I am in conversation with him. There are so many people who significantly influenced or helped me through their gifts, trust, and support. I only mention a few names here. A thank you to Dean Deborah Mullen, Professors David Bartlett, Beth Johnson, and Stanley Saunders, who encouraged me to keep writing during my teaching externship at Columbia Theological Seminary; Professor Susan Hylen for her advice and comments on part of my work; Rev. Kang Se- Bong for his valuable resources and prayers; Professor Paul Lim and his wife Mikyung Kim for the moments of inspiration, comfort, and laughter that we shared; and my wonderful colleagues in both programs of the New Testament and Early Christianity and Theology and Practice. My special thanks to Dr. Angela Cowser for her selfless support; and Dr. Barb Hedges-Goettl, without whom I cannot even imagine that I could continue to write. She has read, proofread, and given comments on most of my work since I came to the States, and this over-three-hundred-page dissertation is not an exception. I am eternally indebted to her committed friendship and love. iii My heartfelt gratitude to my husband Ho Dong Hwang, who has never failed in having every confidence in me and supporting me in every way, and to my son Ben Jun Sik Hwang—I am at a loss for words in trying to thank him for his patience, thoughtfulness, and care for his mother, who had to often be against a maternal instinct. Finally, no word is adequate to express my appreciation to my parents, who have offered unconditional trust, support and love for their second daughter’s seemingly never-ending education. I cannot think of a way to return their sacrificial love in my life. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................ iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................................... viii Chapter I. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................1 The Question of Markan Discipleship ..............................................................1 Markan Scholarship on Discipleship ................................................................5 Wrede’s “Messianic Secret” ......................................................................6 Christology and Discipleship in Historical Reconstruction ......................8 Discipleship as Literary Device ...............................................................13 Discipleship of Socio-Political Engagement ...........................................18 Women Characters as Ideal or Potential Disciples ..................................24 Postmodern (Deconstruction of) Discipleship .........................................28 Disciples and Postcolonial Subjects ........................................................34 Summary ..................................................................................................41 Critical Terms .................................................................................................43 Understanding in Mark ............................................................................44 Jesus’ Body—Presence in Absence .........................................................46 Embodiment—A Being towards the Thing .............................................49 Mystery—Incomprehensible but Touchable ...........................................51 Discipleship—Transcorporeal and Interrelational ..................................54 Conclusion ...............................................................................................56 II. APPROACHING MARK: MATTERS OF METHOD AND THEORY..................58 Critique of Primacy of Method: Historical Criticism and Beyond .................60 Critiques: Going Beyond .........................................................................61 Consequences for Interpreting Mark .......................................................66 Approaching Mark: Theoretical Frameworks ................................................70 Postcolonial Studies .................................................................................71 Feminist Studies ......................................................................................73 Western Feminist Studies ...............................................................73 Postcolonial Feminist Studies ........................................................76 Feminization of Asian America .....................................................78 Postcolonial Feminist Biblical Criticism .................................................81 Concluding Comments ............................................................................86 Asian and Asian American Feminist Hermeneutics of Phronesis ..................87 v Forming Asian and Asian American Feminist Biblical Hermeneutics ...87 Asian and Asian American Biblical Hermeneutics .......................87 Feminist Biblical Hermeneutics .....................................................89 Korean Feminist Hermeneutics of Embodiment ............................92 Performing an Asian and Asian American Feminist Biblical Hermeneutics: A Hermeneutics of Phronesis .........................................95 Asian American Embodied Experiences .......................................95 Improvisation of Western Theories of Practice .............................99 Performing Theories and Interpretation: A Phronesis Reading of Mark .............................................................................................105 III. THE PHANTASMIC BODY (MARK 6:45-52) ...................................................108 Introduction ...................................................................................................108 Empire and Bodies ........................................................................................110 Roman Imperial Ideology of Presence ..................................................110 Roman Construction of the Body ..........................................................113 Markan Presence in the Context of Roman Presence ...................................117 Mark’s Replication of and Resistance to the Imperial Presence ...........117 Jesus’ Power and Presence in Mark 6:45-52 .........................................120 Markan Absence as Resistance to Roman Presence .....................................125 Absence as Mark’s Response to Imperial Politics ................................125 Absence, Silence, and Fear ....................................................................128 Absence ........................................................................................128 Silence and Fear ...........................................................................134 The Phantasmic Body ...................................................................................140 Elusive Presence ....................................................................................140 Illusive Vision: Haunted
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