Conservation Area 9 St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps
Character Appraisal
October 2008 www.bristol.gov.uk/conservation O ley N e 8 gs e T 5 1 T in us E M 92 EE K o R e 2 8 R H R ll 2 2 The Lodge ST A i
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3 E LA 1 to 30 1 S RT 4 M O lk 7 o Knightstone The Ark P a 1 t O 62.2m 6 79 e W House 1 N 27 on 5 1 8 o tst 6 1 0 TA 2 t gh 5 14 5 20 2 a 8 7 72.5m ni 4 2 G 0 3 24 K 3 U 5 2 Henrietta 5 E Map 1 1 2 Playground House H 3 1 6 PH 3 4 13 1 a 3 IL 6 2 4 6 3 8 L m 6 to 6 ET 9 1 5 E k n 2 8 .9 2 23 TR r o 2 1 St Michaels2 Hill &9 Christmas StepsS o lla s Conservation Area7 27 c 5 TA Y i n la 7 6 a ET V la il 28 2 3 1 52 1 RI l V b1 0 6 57 EN A 6 1 8 2 3 H 1 2 22 ta 9 to S 3 2 b 6 T 2 5 t 01 u 3 EE 53.0m r 2 l S 4 6 6 R H ou E 53 4 ST 2 P C 6 TA 4 ly 6 7 T M l 2 IE 4 o 3 o 0 3 R 2 1 8 1 H 4 4 A EN 8 9 1 nt 9 1 o H E t L to 1 a o 1 F d D g t 3 C u R 3 9 2 N e 1 7 2 A LB 1 E H 5 6 5 E c L T i 3 D 2 ll 32 3 Colston Fort P 5 1 S E P 0 1 b E H E 2 2 C 0 L L 3 1 W 0 a A 5 I A 1 4 L T 7 U lin P T 0 C a S 9 7 G 2 ro 1 E 4 L 6 E 1 C 1 A 1 a EW 5 N 4 E 1 9 E High T 2 C M P 9 1 6 R N K 1 A 3 A R 5 L 4 Kingsdown 7 b 8 A 1 7 2 O c P 7 C 3 U 8 2 0 1 8 1 0 M 1 S 2 L 5 e 1 5 1 3 L S s a L 5 4 u 0 A 5 1 T o 7 1 D 1 5 R 1 H YN PH 2 3 8 t 0 T E e 1
1 s E a 1 1 r t 9 6 e 3 4 T S The Bell o w 1 2 PH b m t 1 ie 4 8 23 u (PH) o 1 V 9 l S S Rose Cottage E 66.8m 3 th 2 A u 7 1 L 1 o 16 S 7 F 1 8 1 S tr R 0 1 a 1 9 4 d 9 5 E Playground 8 1 1 D 6 1 7 li t n T 1 P 1 S o g 5 E 1 1 2 E L Priors Close T a 0 15 8 s R a 4 7 T 1 A 4 8 M 0 Y S 1 C 1 d R E 1 1 TCB IC 3 7 1 1 E KINGSDOWN 7 0 4 H 8 9 2 K 3 1 H 1 a T L 2 I A E A E G E E W 68.0m C 1 H L R h A 2 T g L B 1 'S 1 S Alfred u U 6 3 L 12 1 o P 9 H U Court 4 1 r e L R I A o s L Y L P b u I 2 1 L B l o H V a M r 7 1 5 2 a H H t H IL 3 5 M la L 5 4 G IG 2 .7 U F A S TCB 5 Works and e H S A m O LL R Building Dept u B I 9 g 1 U 5 V 1 O ta o R Y 11 B n t M L 1 Y R PH University of Bristol 5 R o o U El A M r V B School of Veterinary 1 M e I H 1 Sub Sta 3 A M L 3 8 t IG Science T R o L 1 L n A H E B S 1 E O C 9 ks 6 R R ts o r T O la t o S U t ge 5 G F a 2 a W L 6 g tt g L H e 2 0 o n D E n e C ti 24 A H e 1 ft n 1 O W I g o ri 1 R L ro H 4 L u t c P 2 E 3 1 y L T 8 E46.0m E T a 3 1 T M 1 R U 8 C E Y O A E M S L R 1 P T 1 E S 8 A 6 St Michael's L G E 3 F A N 1 Hospital 3 R T E 2 E T ts 1 D a G S N H 4 O l U LA 2 C F 1 L H u I E 1 VI L h E o r 2 L 1 s Chy g School of N m th 9 R 1 e l e u O a nu o 2 B 4 s 2 S e e y ve r 1 Nursing O ' H r 4 A 7 o 6 c to 3 t m b o 1 li a Tan k ec 6 l t b r sp r 1 Pu bo ro .4 a a 8 P 6 M 35 73.8m L 3 3 M D 61.3m B A
O T P E R 6 r H E E 7 o R D o s D p T L u A 29.6m S s e R E I e c A L t L F P 8 E 2 R D U K W E Mast O R 1 O R PA 0 H R O T H F B L'S University Library 0 L L E U A R A 9 O A CH 6 S Posts M 27 MI 72.2m a 6 ST 9 2 9 4 40 6 University of Bristol 9 Dorothy Hodgkin Building 2 6 Southwell 4 ry House a W m H 7 8 ir 72.2m 7 8 f IT In S l O a y N ESS Bank 8 StMichael's o 7 8 2 lace R Posts 3 4 Hospital Bedford P l 8 o T t h 2 s t E i al UE 4 a r 21.9m LB e N 2 E B d H E 2 an AV 2 R L T ise AL c 7 S er ND 8 x Y L m t,E T 1 or L 5 p 53.3m E . r S 0 University of Bristol k fo R 2 e r r R nt a M Bristol Royal Infirmary e E ' B S nate C P s T r e s LB a rs e B C u m C N o T H Senate St Michael's Car 2 Hospital Park House 6 od E 8 Ho ) U 2 obin ath 19.8m N R e (P y E an e r AV L T a L E m L R o m DA th) ir N (Pa R H f TY ane E ' In d L L s l oo L e a H 2 S s y T in r Rob 1 7 T o E R u R E 14.6m E N l 65.8m E o R T t T 5 PH is S 6 B r A B e N l I m n LB L Bristol Dental Hospital g s D o h U 7 2 u 1 o Car Park A 5 g u M h s ' R e s Manor House E P (site of) S P T U Lodge D M A I Haematology And 23.1m O C Bristol Eye Hospital 74.7m R H Oncology Centre T A H The R E O Chapter House O L 4 R
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1 R l 1 C O Posts s ' A rd Depot ka D n Royal Fort a 5 y T 3 (site of) t a The ar w Abbots tu e 3 b House 70.7m S us 0 2 u o Gate House 6 S U H The Education Centre m N 's Ra IV n s to se Site of E ls u R rt o ho Monastery S Fo C s (Franciscan) I al m T oy se l Whitefriars Y R ou A W H 0 Bristol Royal Hospital for Children
A 1 27.1m 3 Paul O Gorman Building L 9 K PH 2 Posts 2 3 C 4 UL
S E c h S 1 PH 2 4 o O o 6 3 L 2 l 0 1 AD 4 o C l E 2 M 5 f 'S Gloucester l S I 2 a IN n D 9 2 1 Place 2 B W t R 2 6 2 E e 2 y Greyfriars L r A n The n K 5 8 2 S 1 n Tow e r H ou se a N 3 T h t A 0 o e io M s T 2 J u n e 5 a c IC o The l la H 6 H Schoolhouse B 1 P A 3 s u rk G E 8 1 in Multistorey Car Park s a P L i 2 w n P 'S e e 1 L s H s E IL Pond N L 9 h d A rc i 0 o u v 1 L h 1 t C 2 e 1 's a c 1 Manor el D g H a n d n University of Bristol ch r i
House i g e 8 t C e M a e C t n id s S i 6 Y e u R s H K e M o U n H U R 4 o H t R
71.0m 2 s Froomsgate C l C 0 o House H 33.5m Hall R 9 C 4 S T E L 8 8 P A J N 6 O P P Old 8 E H A U R 0 R Rectory 6 2 K E 1 9 4 N 1 8 L P 'S A P 8 N 1 The Sugar House B U 7 R E 4 1 1 K 2 ID 5 G R 1 E U D A k P 1 L L n to C A a 6 T D 3 9 3 Hotel N L 1 D O 4 R E s 2 4 O HN B T 1 7 CA C E Nelson A E L 1 T R D R 1 D T House 1 U A S 8 E 0 O Drake H 1 T N C R R House 5 A Y E 6 LH R R m P 5 C E 4 Statue U R . R R W E 4 3
3 5 6 U P 7 12 O StMichaelontheMountRH L St C E 2 S Bartholomews C of E Primary School t U w P 6 e B L i O 5 Court V P H a C r L o r 61.3m e D U 4 s th ow 1 3 p o T t P 2 it lo C o A a m L Court l R (ls U al 9 i e 9.4m W K te w ty 5 Frome i E H 1 ' C U Brewery 2 o s ld N IL f) Gate 8.8m O E L 1 12 (site of) C V H s rs A a 8 e R n e L 1 1 s I e b A 9 u S e C C CHR 17 1 o S T u m A I 5 IST h A M Q a N D Tk 2 11 MAS te A h 7 E 24.4m 10 ST M S C 7 T W 9 EP 20 7 a T O aM O 8 S 1 G S S C St R I T T K ub K Chapel R S e h 5 3 R ' l S AR H h c S E 1 E t r P T u T C R C E n h E 22 Foster's E T h e L W PH h C O E o C Almshouse M S LO J s B D 7 R ' e 1 O t t u E A g y s rc i O 5 n r T S i h l 1 L i t
d 9 S R 6 p n p a i S o 's n Y 1 4 a n Lunsford House o e g l s T n t s R 4 T t h B V R 1 o S a a R O e 5 E 3 t o te 1 m g n P 1 E J N a tu 5 e t 3 r P G 8 4 4 r Chy t S e 9 S e 2 U rs W u 1 n T T g 36.3m W 1 e R 11 o o 1 R West Gate E . O 3 s g e C r 0 o R 9 m 3 3 4 E a K E g e 6 7 d n R P d t R 3 E El Sub Sta i l 8 l y A H 5 e T U a P r S T n b e h S iv n R 7 3 e E e s S 2 9 rs d 2 Shelter Y 8 4 it W Club n u 0 y 9 O 5 o A R L W o A G t at H U - i o 2 e 0 S s Ps e r Q 9 2 4 4 k T to 6 e g 1 d ce s E 31 0 o a 5 E 2 1 1 L l n R 3 P 2 P 2 i 4 19 5 e ff 1 T 7 C i 3 2 1 1 h ) S 3 2 s 3 3 r E 6 2 1 2 T G H T PH 2 1 S N 6 P 5 0 43.0m 0 ( A O 3 3 1 2 25 2 E 9 H L 2 E 41.5m C 1 3 4 U 29 A 7 2 St Giles Ct L N 5 L 6 T Esso Building 1 L E 8 44.5m P 4 E Z 1 E V E 1 e E 0 d B A PA LB 6 3 Chapel R 3 A G PH RK G 3 T RO 10 to House T lle C u E W 10a l L D o h ild E 12 il O O 1 S t y a h R H L m a T D D 7 b ll w e G 2 S The R e rs 4 TCB 4 m e 8 2 E 4 2 1 K A 4 s 2 h Red Lodge . 2 R o H u t y S - St Gile's Gate e t 4 t 2 T 7 C o 1 n 2 8 3 a 1 o R 1 N Colston 33 (site of) 1 Guildhall t H 30 S 2 1 E E M TCBs 3 E R o 1 t P T T 10 4 H 3 1 3 9 2 3 2 0 Creswick Ho 2 1to53 9 C 9.4m PH 16 o The Panoramic 4 to 1 1 ls s 7 ( to 7 17.7m r E Quay re n 1 e m ' t U Head s 2 l House ai H S e N ns ou o t h E S o s 1 n M S M f e th a V A ) 6 a R e ry A L 1 t C Q LS Multistorey S N 5 C u E 1 T h a War 2 b 1 u y O U R 6 3 1 Car Park rc T E 6 u h Memorial N E t S 0 S 5 o Irving House E T L L l 2 Presby V Crown Court E 2 6 3 E O A 2 6 S 5 C O t Colston Hall N W 2 e O N 3 s S e u e T A r r ) T b o t 7 S f R u H n r L o S L g s T e D ' Friary KEY A h r DFn O e T e E C s 6 's 5 e E Site of C r E N (s n R n u i 8 i o P E t g T (Carmelite) o c 9 e n S t (ls H 2 2 E s l 1 7 D l a E to o 1 37 E R W N A C l S Colston y ' L H 19.8m t S Ter ry Ho u se S L El e i Conservation Areas C 5 u C Statue Shelters 5 E Sub N h C S o b 6 W T E T T 6 m This map is reproduced from5 Ordnance survey material S E Sta R e R E R R 7 m with the permission of ordnance2 Survey on behalf s ta E R T o u P T Unite House E o e o m r of the controller of Her Majesty's5 Stationery office H P S Eagle House E c U 1 1 0 k T s i ©Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes l 5 7 a Fo L l Crown copyright and may lead tto civil proceedings. Posts E Bank 4 's 1 O Bristol9 City Council. 100023406. 2008. 16.5m n 51 Folk N 7 N PH 4 e House P O h A 6 IP T E e 1 T p R ts 2 E E U e s 2 L PH s 4 8 L S E David Bishop, Director.t u DA 1 4 o A L N 4 4 P 0 N S o N 4 E R E t H O T E C Planning,V Transport and SustainableS PH Development 9 4 6 S A St Stephen's 3 2 3 T 4 C 5 PIP 7 EE 7 H o E Colston Tower N Brunel House, St Georges Road,Church 3 R 8 ll L O T 3 2 o e AN S 5 S 4 3 u g E 13.7mT PH T 3 N 091827364.5 s e S Bristol BS1 5UY.S 2 R 08-1135 C e A 3 9 L T 1 33 O 4 8 U 1 U 8 S C 6 3 O T 3 30.2m L G 2 E 1 V O 0 8 C 7 3 3 U 1 P Meters R 1 a H 9 4 E 5 2 9 S E 1 R C E S Amelia Court 4 ) 0 N 12.2m 1 T l Bank Unite House H 7 l f ' T S TCBs 1 I U 1 Bradley 6 SA A N a o ´ T P V S R 0 TCBs N House e 2 Amelia EA e t R W E T t D 2 E a 3 H E T 1 1 R'S s 8 7 E G e r N 2 s Culver House E 2 Court V y ' I E h 8 A A t 4 5 Pd L c E i u U 2 r f) T t 2 V 5 2 D A a o L 1 R 2 o 3 n H Bank a o E 8.8m C E 2 oT te 5 S t T 3 E Burke c 6 eE i 0 3 N L s E H ) N 3 11.6m ( 1 E ( 3 T 0 S 2 . PH 29 Rt 0 S N a e H m U 1 Statue 4 5 2 D 4 O 1 T R h P .6 E 2 to S ' 4 T ( R T E 11 A 17 R
C CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT 1 3. LOCATION & SETTING 2 4. SUMMARY OF CHARACTER & SPECIAL INTEREST 4 5. HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT & ARCHAEOLOGY 5 6. SPATIAL ANALYSIS 13 6.1 Streets & Spaces 13 6.2 Views 16 6.3 Landmark Buildings 18
7. CHARACTER ANALYSIS 21 7.1 Overview & Character Areas 21 7.2 Architecture Overview 33 7.3 Architectural Details 35 7.4 Materials 37 7.5 Townscape Details 38 7.6 Unlisted Buildings of Merit 42 7.7 Landscape 44
8. NEGATIVE FEATURES 44 9. MANAGEMENT PROPOSALS 48 10. STATEMENT OF COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT 51 11. LOCAL GUIDANCE, PUBLICATIONS AND SOURCES OF FURTHER INFORMATION 52 12. GLOSSARY OF TERMS 54
If you would like this information in a This document was prepared by the Urban Design different format, for example Braille, audio and Conservation Team, Planning Services Division, tape, large print or computer disc, or Bristol City Council. Special thanks goes to the community languages, please contact the Montpelier Conservation Group for their input and Strategic & Citywide Policy Team on: numerous photographs. 0117 903 6722
i FIGURES & ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE
Figure 1: Jacob Millerd’s Plan of Bristol, 1673 6 Figure 2: John Roque’s Map, 1746 8 Figure 3: Lodge Street originally had a terrace lining both sides of the street. Watercolour by TLS Rowbotham, 1826, shows views from the top of Lodge Street down towards St Mary Redcliffe Church in the distance 8 Figure 4: Plumley & Ashmead’s Plan, 1828 shows how intensively developed the lower portion of the Conservation Area was by the early 19th century. Ribbon development up St Michael’s Hill has taken hold though this is far less intensive, being high-quality housing for the upper middle classes. 9 Figures 5 & 6 : Ordnance Survey, First Edition, 1880 10 Figure 7: Panorama from corner of Old Park Lane/Old Park south across the City and beyond 16 Figure 8: Long view from between upper Christmas Steps looking southeast across the 17 City Centre Figure 9: Glimpsed view from bottom of Christmas Steps 17 Figure 10: St Michael on the Mount 18 Figure 11: Foster’s Almshouses, Colston Street 18 Figure 12: Christmas Steps. The area south of Perry Road is characterised by a mixture of 21 modest vernacular buildings. Figure 13: St Michael’s Hill properties are of high quality, reflecting the social status of 21 their original inhabitants Figure 14: Oldbury House, St Michael’s Hill 24 Figure 15: North west side of St Michael’s Hill 25 Figure 16: No. 1 Paul Street 25 Figure 17: Pre-Georgian buildings on the southeast side of St Michael’s Hill 26 Figure 18: Rubble causeway on the west side of St Michael’s Hill 26 Figure 19: Colston’s Almshouses (Grade I Listed), St Michael’s Hill 27 Figure 20: Shopping parade along north side of Perry Road 28 Figure 21: Former King David Hotel, corner of Upper Maudlin Street and St Michael’s Hill 28 Figure 22: Café wall illusion tiles at no. 19-20 Perry Road 29 Figure 23: Early vernacular buildings that round Colson Street from Christmas Steps 30 Figure 24: View eastwards down Lower Park Row 30 Figure 25: Colston Yard 31 Figure 26: The Meeting House, Lewin’s Mead 32 Figure 27: Remnants of the former St Bartholomew’s Hospital 32 Figure 28: Zed Alley leading from Colston Street to Host Street 32 Figure 29: Host Street 33 Figure 30: The Manor House, Park Lane 34 Figure 31: Nos. 1-4 Lower Park Row 34 Figure 32: Synagogue, Park Row 35 Figure 33: Unusual ‘Gothic’ window, the Old Rectory, Lower Park Lane 36 Figure 34: No. 96 St Michael’s Hill: Typical Georgian window and door details: six-over-six timber sash window; six panel door with decorative fanlight and Lime stone door surround 36 Figure 35: Traditional Pennant stone paving along St Michael’s Hill 38 Figure 36: Original wrought iron railings, St Michael’s Hill 38 Figure 37: Traditional lampstandards along Christmas Steps 39 Figure 38: Lantern and street sign to the little-known Gloucester Place, off St Michael’s Hill 39 Figure 39: Historic shopfront at no. 60 Colston Street 40 Figure 40: Victorian shopfront at no. 2 Upper Maudlin Street 40 Figure 41: No. 148 St Michael’s Hill, insensitive roof extension 44 Figure 42: Over-sized fascia board, Park Row 45 Figure 43: Shopfront at no. 19 – 20 Perry Road is in a poor state of repair 45 Figure 44: St Michael on the Mount, currently vacant and in a deteriorating condition 45 Figure 45: Insensitively sited air conditioning unit, Lower Park Row 46 Figure 46: Mix of street surfaces, Colston Street 46 Figure 47: Advertising hoardings, Park Row 47 Figure 48: ‘Tagging’ along Lower Church Lane 47 Figure 49: St Michael’s Maternity Hospital on east side of St Michael’s Hill blights the setting of the Conservation Area 47
ii ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
1. INTRODUCTION 2. PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT
1.1 A Conservation Area is ‘an area of special 2.1 All conservation areas are the subject of architectural or historic interest, the policies in the Bristol Local Plan (adopted character and appearance of which it is December 1997) and the proposed desirable to preserve or enhance’ (Planning Alterations to the Bristol Local Plan (Listed Buildings & Conservation Areas) Act, (deposited February 2003). Once adopted, 1990). policies in the emerging Core Strategy, and any future Development Plan Documents, 1.2 Since the designation of the first will replace those in the Local Plan. conservation areas in 1970, Bristol City Council has undertaken a comprehensive 2.2 The Core Strategy is a key document in the programme of conservation area emerging Bristol Development Framework. designation, extension and policy Once adopted the Core Strategy will become development. There are now 33 the key overarching policy document within conservation areas in Bristol, covering the Bristol Development Framework. The approximately 30% of the city. next stage in the preparation of the Core Strategy will be the Submission Document, 1.3 Bristol City Council has a statutory duty to which will set out a Spatial Vision for the undertake a review of the character and City, Strategic Objectives, a Spatial Strategy, boundaries of each conservation area. This Core Policies and a Monitoring and process was first undertaken with the Policy Implementation Framework. It will include a Advice Note 2: Conservation Area Core Policy on Conservation Areas and the Enhancement Statements (November 1993). Historic Environment. 1.4 More recent national guidance, set out in 2.3 Each Conservation Area Character Appraisal Planning Policy Guidance Note 15: Planning will be subject to extensive public and the Historic Environment (1994) and consultation and once adopted will be a tool English Heritage’s Guidance on Conservation for development control officers, developers, Area Appraisals (2006), requires detailed residents and others to preserve or enhance appraisals of each conservation area in the the character and appearance of the area. form of formally approved and published Each adopted Character Appraisal will documents. replace the relevant Conservation Area 1.5 The City Council is now underway with a Enhancement Statement for that area. comprehensive programme of producing a 2.4 St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps was Character Appraisal for each conservation designated as a Conservation Area on area. The enhanced appraisal process 20/11/1974 and extended on 16/02/1977. involves the review of boundaries, details of As part of this appraisal, the boundaries historical development, identification of have been extended to include nos. 6, 8, 10 townscape details, and unlisted buildings Horfield Road; nos. 7a, 7 Paul Street; nos. 40, that make a positive contribution to the 41, 42 Clarence Place. The St Michael’s Hill & conservation area. It also identifies elements Christmas Steps Character Appraisal was that threaten to undermine an area’s special adopted by the Executive for Access and the interest. Environment on XXXX.
1 3. LOCATION & SETTING
3.1 The St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps Conservation Area is located immediately northwest of the centre of medieval Bristol. The Conservation Area lies on a northwest/southeast axis, cutting through the southeast facing escarpment that rises from the City Centre towards Cotham. The Conservation Area is characterised by its dramatic climb from 10m above sea level at the lowest point, reaching up to 75m towards the top of St Michael’s Hill. 3.2 St Michael’s Hill provides the central spine running from the north, which is separated by Park Row, Perry Road and Upper Maudlin Street from the lower portion of the Conservation Area. In the southern part, Colston Street is the main north/south route with Christmas Steps, Lower Park Row and Trenchard Street branching off it. 3.3 The perimeter boundaries of the Conservation Area are difficult to define, dictated in part by the proximity of other Conservation Areas which abut St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps to the north, west and south. The Tyndall’s Park Conservation Area is located immediately west. The Kingsdown Conservation Area lies to the north east. The Park Street & Brandon Hill and College Green Conservation Areas are to the south and southwest. The Cotham, Redland & Gloucester Road Conservation Area reaches to the far northeast.
Map 2 shows the location of St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps in context of surrounding Conservation Areas
2 E B r D is A H to C R o ET se L A s l E ou E P p H TR r H V i o S ze l E s N ta m 1 ND ne 2 D W l o 4 LA be 3 O 1 w e T E 12 N e O o 82 OR T M D 8 p P ley E S 5 a gs RR le t T in se il G h 1 92 E K ou AC v N 2 ic 8 RE H E a I 2 2 The Lodge ST S K
0 8 91 ND 7 LA 3 1to30 14 RT M O lk o Knightstone The Ark P a 17 t O 62.2m 6 79 e W House 1 N Map 2 7 1 2 on 5 8 tst 6 1 2 0 TA 2 to gh 4 514 5 0 2 a 8 a 7 72.5m ni 2 G 0 3 t St Michaels Hill24 & ChristmasK 2 3 Steps Conservation AreaU 5 S Henrietta 5 1 2 E b Playground House PH 3 H 3 u 1 6 13 1 a 3 I S 6 24 4 3 8 L l 6 T 6 1 L m E 6 to EE n 2 9 9 3 5 TR rk o 2 8 . 2 Childrens Centre 22 9 S o lla s 1 7 TA Y i n la 27 7 c 5 a 2 ET V la il 28 2 6 3 1 5 1 RI l V b1 0 6 57 EN A 6 1 1 8 2 3 H 1 2 3 22 inta relation to other Conservation Areas 9 to S 3 2 b 6 T 2 5 t 01 u 3 EE 53.0m r 2 l S 4 6 6 R Lodge H ou E 53 4 ST 2 P C 6 TA 4 ly 6 7 T M 3 l 2 IE 4 1 o 0 3 NR 2 1 o 8 1 H 4 4 A E 8 9 1 nt 9 to H E 1 a o e 29 1 L to D g t s F 3 C d u 1 R 3 9 2 N e u 7 A LB 1 E 5 o E 2 H D 6 5 L c i H A K 3 D 2 T ll R 2 P a OA 3 3 Colston Fort 5 1 S n SRP E P 0 1 b E li ' E 2 2 LL C 0 L L 3 1 W 0 o A A 5 I 1 4 r D L T 7 A U a N P 0 C a C TY 9 T 7 G 2 0 S 1 E 4 L E 1 1 6 A 1 4 W 5 C 4 E 1 E 9 EN High T 2 M P 9 1 6 R N K 1 A A R 5 L 3 Kingsdown 7 b 8 A 4 1 7 2 O c P 7 C 3 U 8 2 0 1 8 1 0 M 1 S L 5 e 1 5 1 3 2 L S s a L 5 4 u 0 A 5 1 T o 1 1 7 D 5 R 1 H N PH 3 0 Y 2 8 t 1 T E se 1 1 E ta 1 6 r 3 4 T S The Bell 9 e o 1 w 1 2 PH b m t ie 4 8 23 u (PH) o 1 Rose Cottage V 9 l S S E 66.8m 3 th 2 A u 7 1 L 1 o 16 S 7 F 8 1 S t 1 r 1 R 0 9 1 a 9 5 E Playground 8 4 1 d D 6 1 7 l 1 in T 1 to 5 E 1 P 8 S 2 g E 1 L Priors Close 3 T 1 a 0 15 8 s a 4 7 TR 1 A 4 8 M 0 Y S 1 C 1 d R E 1 1 TCB IC 3 7 1 1 E KINGSDOWN 7 0 4 8 9 2 K 3 1 H 1 H a T L 2 I A E A E G E E W 68.0m C 1 H L R h A 2 T g L B 1 'S 1 S Alfred u U 6 3 L 12 1 o P 9 H U Court 4 1 r e L R I A o s L ts Y L P b u I 2 1 L a B rl o H la 7 V 2 M a H F I 1 5 5 H H L 3 4 M G e I L 5 2 u G A S .7 U g 2 A TCB 5 O Works and a 1 H S L m t o B IL R Building Dept n t U V 9 1 O o 1 5 1 B M M R Y 1 L Y R PH University of Bristol 5 R o U El A r V B School of Veterinary 1 M e I H 1 8 Sub Sta 3 A M t L G 3 o I Science T R L 1 L n A H E B 1 E O C S 9 s 6 R R ts o rk T O a t o S l t e U F a g W L 5 G 2 a 6 e g 0 tt g D L H 2 e o n E n C ti 24 A H e 1 t in 1 O W I g o f r 1 R L t ro H 4 L u c P 2 E 3 1 y L T 8 E46.0m E T a 3 1 T M 1 R U 8 C E Y O A E M S L R 1 P T 1 E S 8 A tol 6 StMichael's L G E Bris 3 F A N of 1 Hospital 3 R T ity 2 E s E ers D T t G niv 1 a U S N 4 O l U LA H 2 C F 1 L H u I E 1 VI L h o r 2 L E 1 s h Chy g School of N m 1 lt e 9 u OR e a nu 2 B 4 2 o S e s e y ve r 1 Nursing O ' H r 4 A 7 o 16 ic to 3 ct m b to bl ra Ta n k pe 6 rl Pu bo ros .4 a 1 a 8 P 6 M 35 73.8m L 3 3 M D 61.3m B
A
O T P E R 6 r H E E 7 o R D o s D p T L u A 29.6m S s e R E I e c A H L t P G L F 8 E U 2 R D O K W E Mast R R 1 O O PA 0 H R LB T H F L'S University Library 0 L AR E U A A 9 O M CH 6 S Posts 27 MI 72.2m a 6 ST 9 2 9 4 0 6 University of Bristol 2 4 67.7m 1 9 Dorothy Hodgkin Building 2 6 Southwell 4 ry House a m 7 8 ir 72.2m 7 8 f W In H l a IT y S ESS Bank 8 St Michael's o O 7 8 2 lace R Posts N 3 4 Hospital Bedford P l 8 o S T t T h 2 is lt E a E 21.9m R a U 4 r LB E e N 2 E B d H E 2 E V 2 R LB an L A T ise AL T c 7 S er ND 8 x Y L m t,E T 1 or L 5 p 53.3m E . r S 0 University of Bristol k fo R 2 e r r R nt a M Bristol Royal Infirmary e E ' B Senate C P s T r e s House LB a rs e B C u m C N o T H Senate St Michael's Car 2 Park House 6 Hospital od E 8 n Ho ) 19.8m U 2 Robi ath N e (P y E an e r The Hawthorns AV L T a L E m L R m A th) o ir Bristol Royal ND (Pa R H f Y ane E ' In T d L L s l Infirmary oo L e a in H 2 S s y T ob 1 7 T r o E R R u 14.6m E R E 65.8m E N l R T to T 5 PH is S L 6 B r O A B N e I W l E m n LB L Bristol Dental Hospital R g s D M o A h U U 7 2 u 1 o A D 5 g Car Park L u M I h N s ' R S e s T 71.6m Manor House E R P EE (site of) S P T T U Lodge D M A I Haematology And 23.1m O C Bristol Eye Hospital 74.7m R H Oncology Centre T A H The R E O O Chapter House L 4 F R ' 2 S 2
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O 2 L L R L Winstone 1 D BLACK to Court FRIARS l 11 R C O Posts s ' A rd Depot a D nk Royal Fort a 5 y T 3 a (site of) t The ar w Abbots tu e 3 b House 70.7m S us 0 2 u o Gate House 6 S p U H The Education Centre am N 's R IV n s to se Site of E ls u R rt o o Monastery S o C h G F s (Franciscan) I al m r T y e l a Y Ro s A Whitefriars d ou u W H 0 Bristol Royal Hospital for Children a 1 27.1m t A e 3 Paul O Gorman Building L 9 S K 2 Posts c 2 PH 3 h 4 LC o U o l o E f I S 1 4 n PH 2 3 t O e L 2 6 4 r 0 1 AD 5 n C l E 2 M a 'S l t Gloucester a S i D 2 IN o 9 2 1 Place 2 B W 2 6 2 E n R y Greyfriars L a A 2 The 8 n l K 5 2 S 1 n To we r Ho u se B N 3 T h u A 0 e M o s s T e 2 J u in c IC 5 o The e la H 6 H Schoolhouse s 1 P A 3 s s k r G E 8 1 in Multistorey Car Park a P L ' 2 w P S 1 e H L E IL
Pond N L 9 h d A rc i 0 u v 1 o L h 1 t C 2 a e 1 1 Manor el's c g H a D n d n University of Bristol ch r i House i g e 8 t e C t M d a e s C S in i 6 e u R s Y o H K e M U n H U R 4 o H t R 71.0m 2 s Froomsgate
C l C 0 o House H 33.5m
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P N P Old 8 W ER H A U 0 R Rectory 6 2 N O K E 1 9 4 P 1 8 ' O L S A P 8 D N 1 The Sugar House B E U 7 R L 4 1 1 K 2 ID A 5 G R N 1 E U A D k P 1 L n to C R a 6 T T D 3 9 3 Hotel O L r 1 a
A O f 4 a D E s l 4 g HN 2 B 1 7 T e CA C E Nelson L 1 T E r R H R 1 D T House A 1 U S o 8 E 0 Drake u H 1 O T s N C R House 5 R e A Y E 6 LH R R m P 5 C E 4 Statue U R . R R W E 4 3
3 5 6 U P 7 12 O St Michael onRH the Mount L St S EC 2 Bartholomews CofEPrimarySchool t U w P 6 ie O 5 B Court L V P H a C r L o r 61.3m e D U 4 s th ) ow 1 3 p o of T t P 2 it lo C se o A a m L Court llur R l(s U (cao 9 i e 9.4m W K te w ty 5 Frome i E H 1 ' C U 2 o s ld N IL Brewery f) Gate 8.8m O E L 1 12 (site of) C V H s rs A a 8 e R n e L 1 1 s I e b 9 u S e C A CH 1 1 o S T u m A IC RIS 7 h M Q a D Tk 25 11 TMA e A A h N E 24.4m 10 S S t M C 7 T W 9 TEP 20 7 a T S 7 O M O 8 S 1 G S S C Sta R I T T K ub K Chapel 3 R S e h S R 5 R 'S l A H E h rc E 1 t P T u T C R Foster's C E n h E 22 E T h e L W PH h O E o C O C Almshouse M S L J 's B D 7 R t e u E A 1 O g t r y T s c i O 5 n r S ti l 1 L i
h d 9 R 6 p n S s p a i S ' n Y 1 4 o a n Lunsford House o e g l s t T n t s R 4 T h B V R 1 o S a a R O e 5 E 3 t o te 1 m g J n P 1 E a N t 5 e t u P 3 r 8 4 S G 4 T r Chy t C e 9 S 2 U e n B rs W u 1 T T g 36.3m W 1 e R 11 o o O 1 R West Gate E . 3 s R e C r 0 o g 9 m 3 3 4 E a K E g e 6 7 d n R P d t R 38 7 y A E El Sub Sta i l 6 l H 5 T U a S P r e n T b e h S iv n R 7 3 7 e E e s S 2 9 4 r d W 2 Shelter Y 8 4 sit 9 Club n u 0 a y O 5 o A R L W o J 8 G t 88 at o H U 2 A - i e 0 S 9 L 8 s Ps e r Q 2 - 4 k T to 6 6 e g e s 3 41 H 8 10 d c E 1 1 o a 5 E 2 1 L l 2 n R 3 P 2 P i 4 19 5 e ff 1 T 7 C i 3 2 1 1 h ) S 3 2 s 3 3 r E 6 2 1 2 T G H T PH 2 1 S N 6 P 5 0 43.0m 0 ( A O 3 3 1 2 25 2 E 9 H L 2 41.5m C 1 3 4 41.1m E 29 A 7 2 St Giles Ct L U 5 L 6 T Esso Building 1 L N 8 44.5m P E Z 1 E 4 1 E e E E 0 d B V PA LB 6 3 Chapel 3 A G PH RK G R 3 A RO 10 D o House T ll C u W 0a l L t o e h ild T 1 t E 12 il O O 1 S y a h E H L m al D D 7 b l 7 R w e G 2 r T The R e s 6 4 TCB 4 m e 8 2 E 4 2 1 S A 4 s 2 h Red Lodge . 2 K S o H u t y - R e 7 t 4 t St Gile's Gate 2 T C o 1 n 2 8 A a 1 3 o R 1 N Colston 33 (site of) 1 Guildhall P 30 t 2 H 1 7 S E E M TCBs 3 5 E R o 1 t 1 4 P P 7 T T 0 H A 3 7 4 1 3 9 3 R 2 2 3 K 0 Creswick Ho 2 1to53 9 C S 9.4m PH 16 o T 4 to 1 1 ls R The Panoramic s 7 ( to E 7 17.7m r E Quay re e n E 1 t Head m 's 2 l U a H T e House in 7 S N s ou o t h E S o s s 1 n M S M f e r 1 th a V A ) e 6 a R e ry A L b 6 t C Q L 9 Multistorey 1 N S m C E 1 7 S 5 u T a 41.5m 1 h a War 2 1 R b u y O U h a 6 1 Car Park r T 3 E C a6 6 u ch Memorial N t E 7 0 S 5 n 6 7 o Irving House S E T L L 2 o l Presby V Crown Court i 6 3 E E O A 2 lb 5 6 2 C O A N
Colston Hall N 2 e O S 3 s S t e T A u r T W t ) 7 o S f R H n e L o S L r 's T Friary e D b H r E DFn O e T A u I e C s 6 rg L 5 e E Site of C r E N n R n u h L 8 i o P E 's g T (Carmelite) o 9 ( S n t KEY sc H 2 s C S (l T 2 E s l 1 i 7 D l a E te h R to o 1 u 37 E R W N o rc E l A C f) E S 19.8m Colston y ' h S L El H e it S T 5 Te r ry Ho u se u L C Statue Shelters C 5 b E Sub N h C S o W T E T 6 6 m 5 S E Sta T R R E R R 7 m 2 se ta E R T o St George's u P T Unite House St Michael'sE Hill and Christmas Stepso e o P S E m r 5 H Eagle House 1 c U 1 s 7 0 lk T 7 ia 4 o 5 L l 34.7m F Posts E Bank s 4 ' 1 O 9 16.5m n 51 Folk N 7 N PH S 4 e House P O h A t 6 I T E e 1 P T Otherp ConservationR Areas G ts 2 E E U e s 2 L PH e s 4 8 L S t u DA 1 4 Po A L E N S o 4 o 4 0 N R N r 4 E O E t H 0 g T S E 4 e 4 C V PH 9 ' 6 S A St Stephen's 3 T s 2 3 C P E 4 5 IP N 7 E 7 H o E Colston Tower Church 3 R 8 ll L O City and Queen Square T 3 2 o e A S S u g N 13.7m T 5 4 3 s e E T PH 3 N 5 e S S 2 R 3 C 9 A L T 1 3 O 4 8 U 1 U S 3 C 6 O 8 T 3 30.2m 3 L G 2 E 1 V O 0 8 C 7 3 3 U 1 P R 1 a H 9 4 E 5 2 R C 9 S E 1 Amelia Court 4 ) 0 l N 12.2m Bank 1 T f Unite House H 7 l College' Green TCBs 1 Bradley S S 1 I o 6 A A N a T 0 P TCBs V R 2 Amelia EA e House te R 2 W E a 3 D R s E t 1 1 'S 8 27 G Court E r N s Culver House e A 2 A y 4 ' E 8 t u 5 rd ) h V 2 i U 2 f T c 2 5 D U na o t 1 2 o 3 o eS Bank 5 H o E T E 8.8m C 6 E 2 it a t 3 Burke N c e s T 0 3 L 3 ( 3 I H ) 0 N E 2 . 11.6m ( PH 21 tT This map is reproduced from Ordnance survey material E L 0 S a H 2 U E 1 Statue E S 5 L e R 24 Cotham, Redland9 E and Gloucester4 Road 2 (P m E V 1 R T 4 12 with the permission of ordnance Survey on behalf S 8 h 7 6 T to T T 2 . Harford 4 S A 7 S 8 E T 1 4 E 2 2 of the controller of Her7 Majesty's Stationery office 3 1 1 D a 1 R P 3 3 R 3 P T House 4 N A 4 E A E R 2 L H ©Crown Copyright.Georgian Unauthorised reproduction infringes T E A O C E 9 E C R RD H 4 House T K C T 10.4m 2 N PH E S Crown copyright and may lead tto civil proceedings. B T E 15 1 x to S R 5 S 2 ' S N 2 O 2 4 S ch ck T Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2008. E O L Kingsdown3 a E T 9 M O 0 36.9m R H rc 1 2 S 4 n E 3 R A R O 2 7 g R 1 1 O o h T 5 e E R u a C T M C 6 R S to 7 7 E K s r Orchard 3 G 0 H e d 2 1 E 2 4 4 E 1 to T O A 1 A 9 18 6 7 5 1 R V Court et 6 E 32 G 5 3 F R e 1 T R 1 1 E D tr 4 O 1 5 Orchard TCBs o 5 e S 1 PH T E 8 2 L 5 1 t lar Park Street and Brandon Hill G A 2 1 9 9 C S 3 2 N Court 1 7 AT 6 David Bishop, Director. 4 LB 's 10 Hall E e H E 2 ll E 1 N Shelters ie wer ) PH 3 27 R 7 Redbrick To f 8 S 3 1 4 2 A 3 V o G 7 E o 7 29 e 3 House t R 0102030405 Planning, Transport and Sustainable DevelopmentL 2 sit 4 3 08-141 1 D ( 8 5 to 2 19.2m 8 S A 23 2 3 2 ' 9 B A ´ 31 M 4 Brunel House, St Georges2 Road,B 1 2 R Tyndall's Park 1 1 B 9 to 0 C O 2 Meters a H A 1 5 7 2 T T 0 3 3 3 P 3 1 1 BristolE BS1 5UY. 2 5 7 1 E Protheroes House 9 9 7 S LB P R 1 ' 11 TCBs G t D T E 23 25 27 29 o o 9 a S N E a 8 A r 8 1 Id 3 k Y A N 9.4m 6 I 2 r 1 O V T L 1 o 1 S I Whiteladies Road u i T t R a t 3 N 'S s 0 Dean's Court 7 d r TCBs Al ET h Statue 5 e U T S lianc IN STRE S u e N e Ho BALDW E c 4 U PH U use 9.1m t t A G PH G 8 1 G Statue to 10 Shelters R U
O A E T G S T S 4. SUMMARY OF CHARACTER & SPECIAL Main Issues affecting the Conservation INTEREST Area
4.1 The St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps Development & Alterations Conservation Area is one of Bristol’s most charming and historic districts. • Post-War planning and road schemes have Characterised by its picturesque streetscape, severed the connection between the intimate alleys, panoramic views, and quality Conservation Area and other parts of the and range of built fabric. The Conservation City, impacting on footfall and loss of trade Area was one of the first to be designated in • Loss of active shopfronts as local business Bristol, reflecting its local as well as national uses are changed to office or residential, significance. notably on Christmas Steps and the east 4.2 The character of the area is broadly divided side of Colston Street and south east side into the north and south sections, crossed by of St Michael’s Hill and Horfield Road Perry Road/Upper Maudlin Street. The • Unsympathetic alterations & loss of character of the lower portion reflects the traditional architectural details maritime influence over this part of the City. The warehouses of Host Street, public • Poor quality shopfronts and signage, houses and shops of Christmas Steps are notably in upper St Michael’s Hill vital indicators of Bristol’s significance as a major port for trade and commerce. Townscape details, cast iron curb stones, Public Realm Pennant paving slabs and steep steps are also important features of this part of the • Volume of traffic and congestion, notably Conservation Area. along Upper Maudlin Street/Perry Road/Park Row and Colston Street 4.3 Climbing up towards St Michael’s Hill, built form changes in scale and character. Moving • Loss or poor maintenance of traditional away from the modest, vernacular styles street surfaces or hotchpotch of modern seen around Lower Park Row and Christmas replacement materials Steps, to larger, grander merchants’ houses • Poor maintenance of traditional street of the 18th century and earlier. furniture 4.4 Commercial activity has played an important part in shaping the Conservation Area and a high number of independent, artistic and Beyond the Conservation Area artisan trades still operate. Since WWII, shopper’s desire-lines from other commercial • Threat to key views and panoramas from centres have been broken, isolating the new developments area’s shops and traders, causing closures and decline. The area is under serious threat from slipping further into a declining state, which threatens to undermine its character and special interest.
4 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
5. HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT & probably a small nucleus of settlement ARCHAEOLOGY around it. Apart from small scattered settlements at the north end of St Michael’s Hill, the land north of St Michael’s Church was essentially rural. Medieval Period 5.6 St Michael’s Hill was first mentioned in a 5.1 The old town of Bristol was originally charter of 1373. It formed the route to contained within a fortified enclosure Westbury-on-Trym and Henbury; to between the Rivers Avon and Frome. Gloucester; and also the road to the Aust Between 1200 and 1500 the area became Ferry, which crossed into Wales. Church Lane rapidly urbanised and expanded across the (Lower Church Lane) and Griffin Lane (Lower Frome, which ran through the middle of the Park Row) were important routes linking area, separating the town on the south side Christmas Steps and St Michael’s Hill with from the land to the north. Stony Hill and the way to Clifton. 5.2 At the beginning of the 13th the area north 5.7 The line of the old county boundary was of the Frome was largely characterised by drawn in a lozenge shape up to the top of St monastic establishments and institutional Michael’s Hill. A gallows existed at the buildings. St Mary Magdalene’s Nunnery highest point of the hill (roughly at the existed to the north of Upper Maudlin Cotham Road/Cotham Hill junction) and St Street. The known bounds of a Carmelite Michael’s Hill would have been an important friary appear to have encompassed the north route to this site. side of St Augustine’s Place, Colston Street, down to the Frome to the west, and Host 5.8 The area north of St Michael’s Hill saw new Street and the now lost Steep Street. St development in the 15th century as ribbon Bartholomew’s Hospital was founded c. development north of St Michael’s Church 1232 on a site at the western end of the was gradually creeping up St Michael’s Hill. former Frome Bridge. 5.9 The earliest standing building in the 5.3 In 1483, John Foster founded an almshouse Christmas Steps portion of the Conservation at the north-west end of Christmas Steps. Area is the fragmentary 13th century aisled These were rebuilt in the late 19th century, hall of St Bartholomew’s Hospital and part leaving only the Chapel of Three Kings of of a 15th century house to the west, no. 17 Cologne from the original building. Later in Christmas Steps, later enlarged with a jettied the medieval period, housing developed front. In comparison, the earliest standing between the monastic sites, including buildings in the St Michael’s Hill portion, tenements in Host Street (‘Horssestret’). other than the earliest parts of St Michael’s Church, is the row of 16th century jettied 5.4 The Frome Bridge linked Queen Street (later houses next to the Church along St Michael’s Christmas Steps), so called during the 17th Hill. century, on the north with ‘Knyfsmythstrete’ (later Christmas Street) on the south; named because the Cutlers and Armourers traded from this street. The name Christmas could derive from the name Knyzt-mass Street, possibly a combination of Knight and Mass as holy day processions took place here. 5.5 At the beginning of the 13th century, St Michael’s Church (St Michael on the Mount Without) had been founded and there was
5 16th & 17th Centuries 5.10 In the 16th century intense urbanization continued to characterise the lower portion of the Conservation Area, immediately north of the old Quayside around Lewins Mead, Host Street and Christmas Steps. Large industries such as soap manufacture and sugar refining were established, interspersed with high-density timber-framed tenements, shops and public houses.
Figure 1: Jacob Millerd’s Plan of Bristol, 1673 – shows the historic link between the south end of Queen Street (Christmas Steps) over the River Frome to the Old City. Development becomes less intensive north of St Michael’s Church. Scattered plots exist along the Road to Aust Ferry (St Michael’s Hill). These are the “summer houses” of Bristol’s wealthiest inhabitants
6 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
5.11 By the 17th century, St Michael’s Hill was 5.15 By contrast, the St Michael’s hillside also being developed though the area was continued to develop as a landscape of characterised by small houses set in garden and gentry houses, having become a substantial garden plots compared with the neighborhood of moderately wealthy intensive development further south. Nos. citizens, sea captains and widows. More 23 – 29 St Michael’s Hill date from 1637. intensive development took place at the top of St Michael’s Hill; Southwell Street having 5.12 At the beginning of the Civil War in 1642 a been laid out by 1742, containing an defensive line was built running from a fort assemblage of middle-class housing. on Brandon Hill to one on Windmill Hill; that became the Royal Fort after Prince Rupert seized the city in 1643. 5.13 In the decades after the Civil War, the number of houses between Church Lane (Park Row) and St Michael’s Hill increased. These “summer houses” or “garden houses” were the second residences of Bristol’s wealthiest citizens. A number of substantial houses, including The Manor House, Park Lane and Oldbury House, at the top of St Michael’s Hill, were also built at this time. 5.14 In the late 17th century, William Colston chose the eastern side of St Michael’s Hill as the site for his new almshouses. The group of houses immediately south of the almshouses facilitated this development. Despite increasing development in the 17th century the Hill retained its essentially rural character.
18th Century 5.14 The notable difference between the modest, intensively developed Lewins Mead/Christmas Steps area and the ‘arcadian’ character of St Michael’s Hill continued into the 18th century. The lowest part of the Conservation Area, around Lewins Mead was still characterised by 17th century timber-framed houses. Poor-quality housing, intensive occupation and unsanitary conditions, exacerbated by the River, were a serious problem in this area. Sugar refining continued, and the Sugar House built in 1728 still survives.
7 Figure 2: John Roque’s Map, 1746 – shows the increasing intensive development in the southern portion of the Conservation Area. The Colston’s Almshouses have been laid out on the east side of St Michael’s Hill and an increasing number of properties line the lower part of the Hill. The northern portion remains essentially rural, subdivided by small field plots and gardens. Johnny Ball Lane is clearly visible, running behind Lewins Mead to Maudlin Lane (Upper Maudlin Street)
5.16 Later in the 18th century, the area between the top of Christmas Steps and Stony Hill (Park Row) developed when the land belonging to the Red Lodge was developed for housing. Lodge Street, which originally had houses on both sides, and nos. 1 – 6 Lower Park Row were designed by Thomas Paty in c. 1784
Figure 3: Lodge Street originally had a terrace lining both sides of the street. Watercolour by TLS Rowbotham, 1826, shows views from the top of Lodge Street down towards St Mary Redcliffe Church in the distance
8 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
Victorian & Edwardian
Figure 4: Plumley & Ashmead’s Plan, 1828 shows how 5.19 Massive changes re-configured the area intensively developed the lower portion of the Conservation between 1870 and 1875 in preparation for Area was by the early 19th century. Ribbon development up the opening of Britain’s first horse-drawn St Michael’s Hill has taken hold though this is far less tram network for the Bristol Tram Company. intensive, being high-quality housing for the upper middle Vast tram sheds were constructed in the classes. heart of the Conservation Area, comprising a long, curved stables for sixty horses, a garage to house the double-decker ash-wood 5.17 The disparity between the upper and lower trams, a hitching-up shed, a repair workshop portions of the current Conservation Area and a sloping tramline ramp into Colston was acute in the 19th century, when the Street. district north of the River was one of the poorest parts of the city. To remedy the 5.20 Colston Street was created, driven through situation, it was agreed to culvert the Frome from the City Centre, to provide horses with in 1842 and the space created was used to a straight, even gradient up to the tram construct Rupert Street. sheds. This resulted in the loss of many vernacular buildings and made Steep Street 5.18 Although the River Frome had been redundant, which was built over by Prince culverted, and the dockside warehouses that William House and the Bristol County Sports immediately overlooked the old Quay (now Club. Colston Hall was built on the site of Colston Avenue) replaced, a secondary rank the Great House in 1867-68 and became the of original maritime warehouses still exist in largest music venue in the city. Host Street, once a through-route from Lewins Mead but now a cul-de-sac.
9 5.21 Perry Road was also created at this time, to 5.22 The area of Park Row saw the construction of provide a tramway route from the tram a number of civic buildings with a strong sheds up to Park Row, Whiteladies Road and educational theme from the mid 19th Blackboy Hill. Perry Road swept away slums century, which include the Drama and that now occupied the escarpment and the associated admin buildings. The Jewish Brandon Hill red sandstone was blasted and Synagogue was consecrated in September excavated to allow a shallow gradient for the 1871, becoming Bristol’s first purpose-built road. The adjacent land parcels were synagogue and one of only two in Bristol auctioned to private developers who built today. the fine terrace of shops that now exist along the north side of Perry Road.
Figures 5 & 6 : Ordnance Survey, First Edition, 1880 – the northern part of the Conservation Area has seen increasing development at the top of St Michael’s Hill. The southern portion has been drastically re- configured with the introduction of Perry Road and Colston Street
10 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
Post-War to Present Day 5.23 In 2002 the tram sheds were re-developed to create the Zero Degrees Microbrewery. Although the original architectural integrity of the tram sheds has been largely lost, this new development has brought new vibrancy to the area. 5.24 The University of Bristol and the Bristol Royal Infirmary have introduced large-scale institutional developments abutting the east and west sides of St Michael’s Hill. Modern introductions tended to be out of character in terms of rhythm, materials, scale and massing compared with the rest of the Conservation Area. Similarly, large-scale office buildings have also appeared on south Colston Street since the 1970s. 5.25 St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps was designated as a Conservation Area in November 1974.
Map 3 shows the Approximate Building Ages in the Conservation Area.
The city council will seek to maintain and strengthen the traditional form of individual streets and ensure that new development is in keeping with its surroundings both in character and appearance. There will be a presumption in favour of preserving any archaeological features or sites of national importance, whether scheduled or not. Policy B22 (I – II) should be consulted.
11 M alk O 76 W N a 2 ne 5 6 4 5 2 T a 2 t o 72.5m to 4 1 2 0 A 0 3 8 S t hts 3 G 5 47 ig 2 Henrietta 5 b 2 Kn 1 2 U u Playground House PH 3 E 3 S 1 46 13 1 a 3 H l 6 2 4 3 8 I E 6 T 6 1 L m 6 to EE n 2 9 L 9 3 5 R rk o 2 8 . 2 22 9 ST o la s 1 7 TA Y il n la 27 7 c 5 a ET V la il 28 2 6 3 1 52 Map 3 1 RI l V 1 0 b 6 57 EN A 6 1 8 3 H 2 2St2 Michaels Hill & Christmas Steps Conservation1 Area 9 2 ta o S 3 t b T 2 2 1 u 6 3 EE 5 rt 20 S 4 6 R 53.0m H ou El 53 4 6 ST 2 P C 6 TA 4 ly 6 7 T M 3 l 2 IE 4 1 o 0 43 NR 2 1 on 8 1 H 4 A E 8 9 1 t 9 e to L H t E 1 a to s 1 F o d D g u 3 C u 1 R 3 9 2 N e 5 o Approximate7 BuildingA Ages1 2 LB E H 6 5 E c H L T i 3 D 2 ll a 2 P S n 3 3 Colston Fort 5 1 li E P 0 1 b E o E 2 2 C 0 L L 3 1 W 0 r A 5 I A 1 4 a L T 7 U C P T 0 C a S 9 7 G 2 1 E 4 L 6 E 1 W C 1 A 1 E 5 N 4 E 1 9 E High T 2 M P 9 1 6 K R N 1 A 3 A R 5 L Kingsdown 7 b 8 A 4 1 7 2 O c P 7 C 3 U 1 8 2 0 1 8 0 M 1 S 2 L 5 e 1 5 1 3 L S s a L 5 4 u 0 A 5 1 T o 1 7 D 1 5 R 1 H YN PH 2 3 8 t 0 T E e 1
1 s E a 1 1 r t 9 6 3 4 T S The Bell e o 1 w 1 2 PH b m t ie 4 8 23 u (PH) o 1 Rose Cottage V 9 l S S E 66.8m 3 th 2 A u 7 1 L 1 o 16 S 7 F 1 8 1 S t r 1 R 0 9 1 a 9 5 E 4 d D 6 Playground 1 7 1 l 1 in T 1 1 to 5 E P S 2 g E 1 L Priors Close T 1 a 0 15 8 s a 4 7 TR 1 A 4 8 M 0 Y S 1 C I 1 d R E 1 1 TCB C 3 7 1 1 E KINGSDOWN 7 0 4 H 8 9 2 K 3 1 H 1 a T L 2 I A E A E G E E W 68.0m C 1 H L R h A ' T g 2 B 1 S 1 S Alfred u L U 6 3 L 12 1 o P 9 H U Court 4 1 r e L R I PA o s L ts Y L b u I a 1 L a B rl o H l V 2 M F 1 5 a H H H IL 3 5 M e L 5 4 G u IG S 2 .7 U g 2 A 5 Works and a 1 H S A TCB m O t LL R Building Dept n to B I 9 o U 5 V 1 O 1 Y 1 B M R R 1 University of Bristol L Y U PH 5 R V B School of Veterinary El 1 M A I H 1 8 Sub Sta 3 A M L G 3 Science R L I T H 1 E L A 1 B S 9 E O s 6 R R ts rk T O a e o S U l g W L 56 G F 2 ta L H e 0 ot ng D n 2 C ti 24 A E H e 1 ft in 1 O W IL g o ro r 1 R 4 L u t c P 2 E H 3 1 y L T 8 4E 6.0m E a 3 1 T T M 1 R U 8 C E Y O A E M S L R 1 P T 1 E S 8 A St Michael's L 6 3 F G E 1 R A N Hospital 3 T E 2 E T ts 1 D a G S N O l U LA H 4 C F 1 L H u I 2 E 1 VI L h E o r 2 L 1 s Chy g School of N m h 9 R 1 e lt e u O a nu o 2 B 4 s 2 S e e y ve r 1 Nursing O ' H r 4 A 7 o 6 c to 3 t m o 1 li a Tank ec 6 lb t b r sp r 1 Pu bo ro .4 a a 8 P 6 M 35 73.8m L 3 3 M D 61.3m B
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T O P E R 6 r E E 7 H o s D R D o p A T L u 29.6m S s e R E c I e A H L t P G L F U 8 E D O 2 R K E Mast R R 1 W O A O R P 0 H LB H F 'S University Library 0 T R L U L A AE 9 A M CH 6 O Posts 27 MI 72.2m a S 6 ST 9 2 9 4 40 6 University of Bristol 9 Dorothy Hodgkin Building 2 6 Southwell 4 ry House a m 7 8 ir 7 8 f W In l H a I y T ESS Bank 8 St Michael's o S 7 8 2 lace R Posts O 3 4 Hospital Bedford P l N o 8 T t S th 2 is T al UE 4 a E r 21.9m LB R e N 2 E B d H E 2 E V 2 R E an L A T ise AL 7 T c S er ND 8 x L m ,E TY 1 rt L po 53.3m .5 r S E 0 fo University of Bristol k R 2 re r t a R M Bristol Royal Infirmary en ' B C P E s T r e s a s LB r e B C u m C N o T H St Michael's Car E 2 Park U 6 Hospital EN od V 8 Ho ) L A 2 obin ath 19.8m L R e (P y A an e r D L T a YN E m T R m th) o ir Bristol Royal (Pa R H f ane E ' In d L L s l Infirmary oo L e a in H 2 S s y T Rob 1 7 T r o E R u R E 14.6m E N l 65.8m E o R T t T 5 PH is S 6 B r L A B N O e W l I m n LB L Bristol Dental Hospital ER g D s M o h U A 7 2 u U 1 o A D g Car Park 5 u M L h IN s
e ' R S Manor House s E TR P EE (site of) S P T T U D M A I Haematology And 23.1m O C Bristol Eye Hospital 74.7m R H Oncology Centre T A H The R E O Chapter House O L
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R 9 Hall C 4 S
E 8 T L 8 P A J 6 O
P N P 8 Old H A U ER 0 R 6 2 K E Rectory 1 9 4 N 1 8 L P 'S A P 8 N 1 The Sugar House B U 7 R E 4 1 1 K 2 ID 5 G R 1 E U A k P 1 L n to C U a 6 T L T D 3 9 3 L Hotel r C 1 a
O f 4 a E s l 4 g HN 2 B 7 T e A 1 E C C Nelson r L 1 T E R 1 D TR House H 1 U A S o 8 E 0 Drake u H 1 O T s N C R House 5 R e A Y E 6 LH R R m P 5 C E 4 Statue U R . R R 4 3 W E 3 6 U P 5 7 12 O St Michael onR theH Mount L St
C 2 S CofEPrimarySchoolE t Bartholomews U w 6 P B L ie O 5 Court V P H a C r L o r 61.3m e D U 4 s th ) w 1 p o of o 2 3 e T t P it lo C rs o A a m L Court lol u R (ls U (ac 9 i e 9.4m W K te w ty 5 Frome i E H 1 o ' C U Brewery 2 s ld N IL f) Gate 8.8m O E L 1 12 (site of) C V H s rs A a 8 e R n e L 1 1 s I e b A 9 u S e C CHR 17 1 o S T u m A IC IST h M Q a N D Tk 25 11 MAS e A A h 7 E 24.4m 10 ST t M S C 7 T W 9 EP 20 7 a T Bank O aM O 8 S 1 G S S C St R I T T K ub K Chapel 3 R S e h R 5 R ' l S A H h c S E 1 E r P T t T C R C E u h E Foster's E T n h e L W 22 PH h O E o C O C Almshouse M S L J s B D 7 R ' e E A 1 O g t t u y T s rc i O 5 n r S i l 1 L i t h d R 6 9 n S s p a i S p o ' n Y 1 4 n Lunsford House o e a T g s t n t R 4 T l B
s 1 o a h V R S a R O e 5 E 3 t o te 1 1 m g n P E J a N tu 5 e t 3 r P 4 G 4 r 8 Chy t S e 9 S e 2 U rs W u 1 n 7 T R T g 36.3m W 1 e 11 1 o o O 1 R West Gate E . 3 e C s 0 o g R 9 r E m 3 3 a K 4 E g e 6 7 d n R P d lt R 3 E El Sub Sta i 8 l y A H 5 T a S P r e U T b e h S ni n R 7 3 ve E e s S 2 9 r d 2 Shelter Y 8 4 si 9 W Club n u 0 ty O 5 o A R L W o J G t a o H U A - i 2 te 0 S L s Ps e r Q 9 2 - 4 k T t 6 H e o 4 g e s E KEY 3 1 1 d c 1 0 o a 5 E 2 1 1 L l 2 n R 3 P 2 P i 4 19 5 e f 1 T 7 C f 3 2 1 1 h i ) S 3 2 s 3 3 r E 2 1 2 T G H T 1 P S N 43.0m 0 ( 5 A O 3 3 1 2 25 2 E 9 H L 2 41.5m C 1 3 Approximate Building Ages4 29 A 7 2 St Giles Ct L L 6 T Esso Building 1 L 58 44.5m P E Z 1 E 4 1 E e B E 0 d PA LB 6 3 Chapel R 3 A G PH RK G 3 RO 10 o House T ll C ui W 10a ll L D t o ey h ld 12 i O O 1 S t Pre - 1730 am ha H D L l D 7 b l w e G 2 TCB The R m e rs 4 4 e 8 2 E 4 2 1 A 4 s 2 . h Red Lodge 2 o H u t y S t 4 - St Gile's Gate e 7 t T C 2 o 1 n 8 a 3 o R 1 N Colston 33 (site of) 11 Guildhall 30 St 2 H 1 E E M TCBs 1730 -3 1830 E R o 1 T T t 10 4 PH 3 1 3 9 2 2 3 0 Creswick Ho 2 1to53 9 9.4m PH 16 Co 4 to 1 1831 - 1860 1 ls The Panoramic s 7 ( t 7 17.7m r Quay re on e E 1 t Head m 's 2 l U a H e House in S N s ou s o t h E S o s r 1 n M S M f e e t a V A ) b a R h r A 6 t e y 1861 - 1900 L m 1 C Q LS Multistorey S N a C E 1 5 u T h h a War 2 R b 1 u y O U C 1 Car Park rc 3 E u h T Memorial N E n 0 t S 5 o o Irving House S E T i L L l 2 Presby V Crown Court lb 3 E 2 E O A 2 A 6 C O 1901 - 1945 Colston Hall N 2 e O N S 3 s S e T A t u r T W o t ) 7 S R H n f L o S L e s T e D r ' Friary A b r E DFn O e T e C s 6 u 5 e E Site of C r E N 1946 - Present rg n R n u 8 i o P E h g T (Carmelite) o 9 ( 's n S t l(sc H 2 s 2 E s l 1 it C 7 D l a E e h to o 1 u 37 E R W N o l S A C f) rc L H 19.8m Colston ty 'S h Te rr y H o us e S L El e i C u C Statue Shelters C b E Sub N h S Conservation Area o W T E T 6 6 m 5 S E Sta T R This map is reproduced from Ordnance survey material e R E R R 7 o m 2 s ta E R T u E o e with the permission of ordnance Survey on behalf o P T Unite House m P S E r 5 H Eagle House 1 c of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery office U 1 s i 7 0 lk T 7 a 4 ©Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Fo 5 L l Posts E Bank 4 Crown copyright and may lead tto civil proceedings. 's 1 O 9 16.5m n 51 Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2008. Folk N N PH 4 e 7 House P O h A 6 I T E e 1 P T p R ts 2 E E U e s 2 L PH s 4 8 L S t u AD 1 4 o A L E N David Bishop, Director. 4 4 P 0 N S o N 4 E R E t H 0 O E 4 T V S 9 4 6 C S Planning, Transport and SustainablePH St Stephen's Development 3 2 3 A T 4 C 5 PI E 7 o P N Church 37 E H l E L Colston Tower Brunel House, St Georges Road, TR 38 2 o le AN S O 5 S 3 u g E 13.7mT PH T 3 4 s e 2 N 5 091827364.5 e A S BristolS BS1 5UY. R PH 08-1133 C 9 L T 1 3 O 4 8 U 1 U 8 S 3 C 6 O T 3 3 G 2 1 30.2m L O 0 7 E 3 V 3 8 U C 1 P E Meters R 1 a H 9 4 5 S E 2 9 1 R C 4 E ) S Amelia Court T l 0 N 12.2m Bank Unite House H 7 1 l f ' T S TCBs 1 I U 1 Bradley 6 SA A NP a o ´ V S T 0 TCBs N e R 2 Amelia EA e House t R W E T a t D 2 E H T 1 1 'RS s 8 7 E G E e Court r N 2 s Culver House E 2 V y ' I E h 8 A A t 4 5 rPd L i u U 2 f) T tc 2 V 5 E 2 D A a o L 1 2 o n H Bank R C 3 oT e a o E 8.8m 6 E 2 t t T 3 E Burke c e i 0 S N L E s E H ) N 2 3 3 11.6m ( PH 1 t E ( 3 T 0 S . 29 SR N H m U 0 1 Statue 4 R e 6 2 D 4 O 1 T 4 h P . E 2 to S 'S T ( R T E E 11 A 17 R E H S LA S T C L C R T O R O E C E T M alk O 76 W N a 2 ne 5 6 4 5 2 T a 2 t o 72.5m to 4 1 2 0 A 0 3 8 S t hts 3 G 5 47 ig 2 Henrietta 5 b 2 Kn 1 2 U u Playground House PH 3 E 3 S 1 46 13 1 a 3 H l 6 2 4 T 3 8 I m E 6 to 6 E 6 9 1 L 5 E k n 2 8 L 9 2 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS 3 R r o 2 . 22 9 ST o la s 1 7 TA Y il n la 27 7 c 5 a ET V la il 28 2 6 3 1 52 1 RI l V b1 0 6 57 EN A 6 1 8 3 H 2 2St2 Michaels Hill & Christmas Steps Conservation1 Area 9 2 ta o S 3 t b T 2 2 1 u 6 3 EE 5 rt 20 S 4 6 R 53.0m H ou El 53 4 6 ST 2 P C 6 TA 4 ly 6 7 ET M 3 - CHARACTER APPRAISAL l 2 I 4 1 o 0 43 NR 2 1 on 8 1 H 4 A E 8 9 1 t 9 e to L H t E 1 a to s 1 F o d D g u 3 C u 1 R 3 9 2 N e 5 o Approximate7 BuildingA Ages1 2 LB E H 6 5 E c H L T i 3 D 2 ll a 2 P S n 3 3 Colston Fort 5 1 li E P 0 1 b E o E 2 2 C 0 L L 3 1 W 0 r A 5 I A 1 4 a L T 7 U C P T 0 C a S 9 7 G 2 1 E 4 L 6 E 1 W C 1 A 1 E 5 N 4 E 1 9 E High T 2 M P 9 1 6 K R N 1 A 3 A R 5 L Kingsdown 7 b 8 A 4 1 7 2 O c P 7 C 3 U 1 8 2 0 1 8 0 M 1 S 2 L 5 e 1 5 1 3 L S s a L 5 4 u 0 A 5 1 T o 1 7 D 1 5 R 1 H YN PH 2 3 8 t 0 T E e 1
1 s E a 1 1 r t 9 6 3 4 T S The Bell e o 1 w 1 2 PH b m t ie 4 8 23 u (PH) o 1 Rose Cottage V 9 l S S E 66.8m 3 th 2 A u 7 1 L 1 o 16 S 7 F 1 8 1 S t r 1 R 0 9 1 a 9 5 E 4 d D 6 Playground 1 7 1 l 1 in T 1 1 to 5 P Centre. Colston Street and Trenchard Street E S 2 g E 1 L Priors Close T 1 a 0 15 8 s a 4 7 R 1 A 6. SPATIAL ANALYSIS T 4 8 M 0 Y S 1 C I 1 d R E 1 1 TCB C 3 7 1 1 E KINGSDOWN 7 0 4 H 8 9 2 K 3 1 H 1 a T L 2 I A E A E G E E W 68.0m C are both important link routes between the 1 H L R h A ' T g 2 B 1 S 1 S Alfred u L U 6 3 L 12 1 o P 9 H U Court 4 1 r e L R I PA o s L ts Y L b u I a 1 L a B rl o H l V 2 M F 1 5 a H H H IL 3 5 M e Centre and Perry Road, however, traffic and L 5 4 G u IG S 2 .7 U g 2 A 5 Works and a 1 H S A TCB m O t LL R Building Dept n to B I 9 o U 5 V 1 O 1 Y 1 B M R R 1 University of Bristol L Y U PH 5 R footfall is significantly calmer. Large V B School of Veterinary El 1 M A I H 1 8 Sub Sta 3 A M L IG 3 Science T R L 1 L A H E B S 1 E O 9 s R R s 6.1 Routes & Spaces rk 6 T O t S la e o U F buildings characterise this lower portion, g W L 56 G 2 ta L H e 0 ot ng D n 2 C ti 24 A E H e 1 ft in 1 O W IL g o ro r 1 R 4 L u t c P 2 E H 3 1 y L T 8 4E 6.0m E a 3 1 T T M 1 R U 8 C E Y O A E owing to substantial redevelopments of the M S L R 1 P T 1 S 6.1.1 The historic street layout and the E 8 A St Michael's L 6 3 F G E 1 R A N Hospital 3 T E 2 E T ts 1 D a G 19th and 20th centuries. S N O l U LA H 4 C F 1 L H u I 2 E 1 VI L h o r L relationship of built form to open space E 2 1 s Chy g School of N m h 9 R 1 e lt e u O a nu o 2 B 4 s 2 S e e y ve r 1 Nursing O ' H r 4 A 7 o 6 c to 3 t m o 1 li a Tank ec 6 lb t b r sp r 1 Pu bo ro .4 a a 8 P 6 M 5 L 3 3 define the framework of an area. The 3 73.8m M D 61.3m B 6.1.6 Lower Park Row was historically a major
A
T O P E R 6 r E E 7 H o
D o s D traditional pattern of development, building R p A T L u 29.6m s e R S E route through the Conservation Area, though c I e A H L t P G L F U 8 E D O 2 R K E Mast R R 1 W O A O R P 0 H B lines and plot sizes should be respected and L H F 'S University Library 0 T R L U L A E 9 A M this was reduced to a secondary route when A CH 6 O Posts 27 MI 72.2m a S 6 ST 9 2 9 4 0 6 University of Bristol used to dictate the scale and level of 4 9 Dorothy Hodgkin Building Perry Road was driven through in the late 2 6 Southwell 4 ry House a m 7 8 ir enclosure or openness appropriate to the 7 8 f W In l H 19th century. Lower Park Row, Christmas a I y T ESS Bank 8 St Michael's o S 7 8 2 lace R Posts O 3 4 Hospital Bedford P l N 8 o T t S Conservation Area. h 2 is T lt E E 21.9m ea U 4 a r LB R N 2 E B Steps and Upper Colston Street are d H E 2 E V 2 R E an L A T ise AL 7 T c S er ND 8 x L m ,E TY 1 rt L po 53.3m .5 S E 0 characterised by tightly packed terraces of r fo University of Bristol k R 2 re r nt a R M Bristol Royal Infirmary 6.1.2 Upper Maudlin Street/Perry Road/Park Row e ' B C P E s T r e s a s LB r e B C u m C modestly scaled properties that occupy N o T H is the principle east/west route through the St Michael's Car E 2 Hospital Park NU 6 d VE Hoo narrow but varying plot widths. 8 n ) 19.8m L A 2 Robi Path AL ne ( y D La T e r Conservation Area. The c.2000 City Centre a YN E m T R m th) o ir Bristol Royal (Pa R H f ane E ' In d L L s l Infirmary oo L e a in H 2 S s y T ob 1 7 T r o E R R u E re-modeling that reduced the volume of R 14.6m 65.8m E N l R E to T 6.1.7 The network of narrow lanes and alleys that T 5 PH is S 6 B r L A B N O e W l I m n LB L Bristol Dental Hospital ER g D s M traffic through The Centre, resulted in re- o h U A 7 2 u U 1 o A D g Car Park 5 branch off the main routes contribute u M L h IN s e ' R S Manor House s E TR P EE (site of) S P T routing much of the traffic to Park Row/Perry T U M greatly to the charm and intriguing character D A I Haematology And 23.1m O C Bristol Eye Hospital 74.7m R H Oncology Centre T A H The
O Road and Upper Maudlin Street. This is now R E Chapter House O L
4 R F ' 2 of the Conservation Area. Some are S 2
F L 6 1 1 A H I
E Y 3 I O L Winstone 2 L R L 1 D BLACKFRIA a heavily congested route that dissuades to Court RS
1 R l 1 important remnants of historic rights of way C O Posts s ' A rd Depot a D nk Royal Fort a 5 y passing trade from visiting the Perry Road (site of) T 3 a The rt w Abbots that today are practically forgotten. These a tu e 3 b House S us 0 2 u o Gate House 6 S p H The Education Centre am 's R n s and Colston Street shops. (See Negative to se Site of s u l o Monastery include: ort o h l F C s (Franciscan) ya e lm Ro us A Whitefriars Ho 0 Bristol Royal Hospital for Children Features, Section 8.)
1 27.1m 3 Paul O Gorman Building 9 PH 2 Posts 2 3 C 4 UL • Stoney Hill, passing in front of the Red
E S 1 PH 2 O 2 6 L 6.1.3 The west and eastern ends of this route are 0 1 AD C Lodge l E 2 M 'S l S 2 Gloucester a IN D 9 2 1 Place 2 B W R 2 6 2 Greyfriars LE A 2 y The K 5 8 n 2 S 1 n Tower House N 3 h characterised by large institutional buildings T A 0 e M o s T e 2 J u c I 5 o The a C l H 6 H Schoolhouse P 1 A 3 s • Zed Alley, which once linked the k r G E 8 1 in Multistorey Car Park a P L 2 w occupying vast plots, while the middle P ' S 1 e H L E IL Pond N L h d 9 A Quayside with Griffin Lane c i 0 ur 1 o L h v 1 t s C 2 a e 1 1 Manor el' c g section, of Perry Road and the south side of H a D n d n University of Bristol ch r i House i e 8 t e C M g t n d a e s C S i i 6 e
R Y u H K s M o
U e n H U R 4 o H t R 71.0m 2 s Froomsgate C l C Upper Maudlin Street, is characterised by 0 o House H 33.5m
R 9 Hall C 4 S • Tankard’s Close, between the
E 8 T L 8 P A J 6 O
P N P 8 Old H A U ER 0 R 6 2 E Rectory 9 4 N narrow plots directly addressing the K 1 1 P 8 ' demolished nos. 57 & 59 St Michael’s L S A P 8 N 1 The Sugar House B U 7 R E 4 1 1 K 2 ID 5 G R 1 E U A k P 1 L pavement. U Hill and was a former rope walk n to C a 6 T L T D 3 9 3 L Hotel r C 1 a
O f 4 a E s l 4 g HN 2 B 7 T e A 1 E C C Nelson r L 1 T E R 1 D TR House H 1 U A S o 8 E 0 Drake u H 1 O N T s • Johnny Ball Lane, running behind the R 5 6.1.4 St Michael’s Hill and Horfield Road are the C House R e A Y E 6 LH R R m P 5 C E 4 Statue U R . R R 4 3 W E 3 6 U P 5 7 12 O H L St Sugar House to Upper Maudlin Street St Michael onR the Mount main north/northwest routes, which carry
C 2 S CofEPrimarySchoolE t Bartholomews U w 6 P B L ie O 5 Court V P H a C r L o r 61.3m e D U 4 s th ) w 1 p o of o P 2 3 i l C se T to A ta o L Court ur (l m (clol traffic to/from Cotham, Kingsdown and R s U a 9 i e 9.4m W K te w ty 5 Frome i E H 1 o ' C 2 s U I Brewery f Gate ld • Gloucester Place, between nos. 12 & 14 N L 1 1 ) 8.8mC O E L 2 (site of) H s s V a R n r A 1 8 e e e L 1 s IS e b Redland. There is a strong building line A 9 u C CH 1 1 o S T u m A IC RIS 7 h M Q a D Tk 5 11 TMA e A h N 2 24.4m 10 S S t M A C Horfield Road 7 E T S 7 T W 9 EP 20 7 a T Bank O aM O 8 S 1 G S S C St R I T T K ub K Chapel 3 R S e h R 5 R ' l S A H h c S E 1 E r P T t along St Michael’s Hill as properties, T C R C E u h E Foster's E T n h e L W 22 PH h O E o C O C Almshouse M S L J s B D 7 R ' e E A 1 O g t t u y T s rc i O 5 n r S i l 1 L i t h d R 6 9 n S s p a i S p o ' n Y 1 4 n Lunsford House o e a T g s t n T l • Griffin Court, the tiny route between R occupying narrow plots have a vertical t 4 B
s 1 o a h V R S a R O e 5 E 3 t o te 1 1 m g n P E J a N tu 5 e t 3 r P 4 G 4 r 8 Chy t S e 9 S e 2 U rs W u 1 n 7 T R T g 36.3m W 1 e 11 1 o o 1 R West Gate E nos. 20 & 21 Lower Park Row O . 3 e C s 0 o g 9 r emphasis, directly address the pavement or R E m 3 3 a K 4 E g e 6 7 d n R P d lt R 3 E El Sub Sta i 8 l y A H 5 T a S P r e U T b e h S ni n R 7 3 ve E e s S 2 9 r d 2 Shelter Y 8 4 si 9 W Club n u 0 ty O 5 o A R L W o J G t a o H U A - i 2 t 0 L are set behind low boundary walls. The e S s Ps e r Q 9 2 - 4 k T t 6 H e o 4 g e s E KEY 3 1 1 d c 1 0 o a 5 E 2 1 1 L l n R 3 • Old Park Hill 2 P 2 P i 4 19 5 e f 1 T 7 C f 3 2 1 1 h i ) S 3 2 s 3 3 r E 2 1 2 T G H T 1 S N P 5 exception are the modern institutional 43.0m 0 ( A O 3 3 1 2 25 2 E 9 H L 2 41.5m C 1 3 Approximate Building Ages4 29 A 7 2 St Giles Ct L L 6 T Esso Building 1 L 58 44.5m P E Z 1 E 4 1 E e B E 0 d PA LB 6 3 Chapel R 3 A G PH RK R 0 G o 3 ll C u buildings (many just beyond the O 1 House T i W 10a ll L D t o ey h ld 12 i O O 1 S t Pre - 1730 am ha H D L l D 7 b l w e G 2 TCB The R m e rs 4 4 e 8 2 E 4 2 1 A 4 s 2 . h Red Lodge 2 o H u t y S t 4 - St Gile's Gate e 7 t T C 2 o 1 n 8 o R 1 a Colston 33 (site of) 11 3 Guildhall Conservation Area boundary) that sit in N 30 St 2 H 1 E E M TCBs 1730 -3 1830 E R o 1 T T t 10 4 PH 3 1 3 9 2 2 3 0 Creswick Ho 6.1.8 The preservation of these routes is vital in 2 1to53 9 9.4m PH 1 C substantial plots and do not relate well to 6 o 4 to 1 1831 - 1860 1 ls The Panoramic s 7 ( t 7 17.7m r Quay re on e E 1 t Head m 's 2 l U a H e House in S N s ou s t h E S r preserving the historic and special interest of o o s 1 n M S M f e e th a V A ) b the dominant rhythm of the street. a R r A 6 t e y 1861 - 1900 L m 1 C Q LS Multistorey S N a C E 1 5 u T h h a War 2 R b 1 u y O U C 1 Car Park rc 3 E u h T Memorial N E n 0 t S 5 o o Irving House S E T i L L 2 the Conservation Area. Reinstatement of l Presby V Crown Court lb 3 E 2 E O A 2 A 6 C O 1901 - 1945 Colston Hall N 2 e O N S 3 s S e T A t u r T W o t ) 7 S f R 6.1.5 Rupert Street, a major traffic route to the H n L o S L e T D r some of these routes would greatly enhance s e ' Friary A b r E DFn O e T e C s 6 u 5 e E Site of C r E N 1946 - Present rg n R n u 8 i o P E h g T (Carmelite) o 9 ( 's n S t l(sc H 2 s 2 E s l 1 it C 7 D l a E e h to o 1 7 E R N o u southeast, links the St James Barton 3 W r l S A C f) c the area and increase pedestrian L H 19.8m Colston ty 'S h Te rr y H o us e S L El e i C u C Statue Shelters C b E Sub N h S Conservation Area o W T E T 6 6 m 5 S E Sta T R This map is reproduced from Ordnance survey material e R E R R 7 o m 2 s ta E R T u E o e with the permission of ordnance Survey on behalf o P T Unite House m P S E r Roundabout and Lewins Mead with the City 5 H Eagle House 1 c of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery office U 1 s i 7 permeability though it. 0 lk T 7 a 4 ©Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Fo 5 L l Posts E Bank 4 Crown copyright and may lead tto civil proceedings. 's 1 O 9 16.5m n 51 Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2008. Folk N N PH 4 e 7 House P O h A 6 I T E e 1 P T p R ts 2 E E U e s 2 L PH s 4 8 L S t u AD 1 4 o A L E N David Bishop, Director. 4 4 P 0 N S o N 4 E R E t H 0 O E 4 T V S 9 4 6 C S Planning, Transport and SustainablePH St Stephen's Development 3 2 3 A T 4 C 5 PI E 7 o P N Church 37 E H l E L Colston Tower Brunel House, St Georges Road, TR 38 2 o le AN S O 5 S 3 u g E 13.7mT PH T 3 4 s e 2 N 5 091827364.5 e A S BristolS BS1 5UY. R PH 08-1133 C 9 L T 1 3 O 4 8 U 1 U 8 S 3 C 6 O T 3 3 G 2 1 30.2m L O 0 7 E 3 V 3 8 U C 1 P E Meters R 1 a H 9 4 5 S E 2 9 1 R C 4 E ) S Amelia Court T l 0 N 12.2m Bank Unite House H 7 1 l f ' T S TCBs 1 I U 1 Bradley 6 SA A NP a o ´ V S T 0 TCBs N e R 2 Amelia EA e House t R W E T a t D 2 E H T 1 1 'RS s 8 7 E G E e Court r N 2 s Culver House E 2 V y ' I E h 8 A A t 4 5 rPd L i u U 2 f) T tc 2 V 5 E 2 D A a o L 1 2 o n H Bank R C 3 oT e a o E 8.8m 6 E 2 t t T 3 E Burke c e i 0 S N L E s E H ) N 2 3 3 11.6m ( PH 1 t E ( 3 T 0 S . 29 SR N H m 0 1 4 13 U Statue R e 6 2 D 4 O 1 T 4 h P . E 2 to S 'S T ( R T E E 11 A 17 R E H S LA S T C L C R T O R O E C E T 6.1.4 In a Conservation Area where there is no public open space, vital alleviation from an otherwise built up environment is provided by glimpses into private green spaces. For example, the formal landscaped courtyards of the area’s three Almshouses. Despite the lack of open space, the panoramic views out of the Conservation Area and across the City also help break up the density of built fabric.
The Routes and Spaces in the St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps Conservation Area are shown on Map 4.
Dominant street pattern and the character of spaces should be respected. Where historic patterns remain, these should be protected and reflected in proposed schemes. Policies B15 (I – III) should be consulted.
14 M alk O 76 W N 2 ne 5 6 4 5 2 T a 2 o 72.5m to 4 1 2 0 A 0 3 8 t hts 3 G 5 47 ig 2 Henrietta 5 2 Kn 1 2 U Playground House PH 3 E 3 1 46 13 1 a 3 H 6 2 4 3 8 I 6 T 6 1 L m 6 to EE n 2 9 L 9 3 5 R rk o 2 8 . 2 22 9 ST o la s 1 7 TA Y il n la 27 7 c 5 a ET V la il 28 2 6 3 1 52 1 RI l V b1 0 Map 4 6 57 EN A 6 1 8 3 H 2 St22 Michaels Hill & Christmas Steps Conservation1 Area 9 2 ta o S 3 t b T 2 2 1 u 6 3 EE 5 rt 20 S 4 6 R 53.0m H ou El 53 4 6 ST 2 P C 6 TA 4 lly 6 7 IET M o 0 3 2 R 2 4 o 8 H 4 4 A EN 8 9 1 1 n 9 3 H E t 1 to L t 1 a 1 1 F o d D g 3 C u R 3 9 2 N e to Routes7 and SpacesA 1 2 LB E 6 5 E c H 1 L T i e 3 D 2 ll 5 s 32 3 Colston Fort P 5 1 S u E P 0 1 b E o E 2 2 C 0 L L 3 1 W 0 H A 5 I A 1 4 L T 7 U a P T 0 C a n S 9 7 G 2 li 1 E 4 L 6 E 1 W C 1 A 1 o E 5 N 4 E 1 r M 9 E High T 2 a P 9 1 6 C K R N 1 A 3 A R 5 L Kingsdown 7 b 8 A 4 1 7 2 O c P 7 C 3 U 1 8 2 0 1 8 0 M 1 S 2 L 5 e 1 5 1 3 L S s a L 5 4 u 0 A 5 1 T o 1 7 D 1 5 R 1 H YN PH 2 3 8 t 0 T E e 1
1 s E a 1 1 r t 9 6 3 4 T S The Bell e o 1 w 1 2 PH b m t ie 4 8 23 u (PH) o 1 Rose Cottage V 9 l S S E 66.8m 3 th 2 A u 7 1 L 1 o 16 S 7 F 1 8 1 S t r 1 R 0 9 1 a 9 5 E 8 4 d D 6 Playground 1 7 1 l 1 in T 1 1 to 5 E P S 2 g E 1 L Priors Close T 1 a 0 15 8 s a 4 7 TR 1 A 4 8 M 0 Y S 1 C I 1 d R E 1 1 TCB C 3 7 1 1 E KINGSDOWN 7 0 4 H 8 9 2 K 3 1 H 1 a T L 2 I A E A E G E E W 68.0m C 1 H L R h A 2 ' T g B 1 S 1 S Alfred u L U 6 3 L 12 1 o P 9 H U Court 4 1 r e L R I A o s L Y L P b u I 2 1 L a B rl o H 7 V 2 M 1 5 a H H H IL 3 5 M ts L 5 4 G a IG S 2 .7 U l A A TCB 5 Works and F H S L m O B IL R Building Dept e V 9 1 O u U 5 1 B g R Y 1 L ta Y R University of Bristol 5 n U PH R o V B School of Veterinary El 1 M A I H 1 8 Sub Sta 3 A M M L IG 3 Science T R L 1 L M A H E B 1 E o S 9 O r s 6 R R ts e rk T O a t o S l o e U g W L 56 G F n 2 ta L H e 0 ot ng D n 2 C C ti 24 A E H e 1 o t in 1 O I o f r 1 R W L g t t ro 4 L u t c P 2 E H 3 1 a y L T 8 4E 6.0m E a 3 1 T T g M 1 R U 8 C E e Y O A E M S L R 1 P T 1 E S 8 A StMichael's L 6 3 F G E 1 R A N Hospital 3 T E 2 E T ts 1 D a G S N O l U LA H 4 C F 1 L H u I 2 E 1 VI L h E o r 2 L 1 s Chy g School of N m h 9 R 1 e lt e u O a nu o 2 B 4 s 2 S e e y ve r 1 Nursing O ' H r 4 A 7 o 6 c to 3 t m o 1 li a Tank ec 6 lb t b r sp r 1 Pu bo ro .4 a a 8 P 6 M 35 73.8m L 3 3 M D 61.3m B
A
T O P E R 6 r E E 7 H o s D R D o p A T L u 29.6m S s e R E c I e A L t P L F 8 E D H 2 R G RK W E Mast U 1 O O PA 0 H R R H F 'S University Library 0 T O EL U L LB A 9 A R CH 6 O Posts A 27 MI 72.2m a S M 6 ST 9 2 9 4 40 6 9 Dorothy Hodgkin Building 2 6 Southwell 4 ry House a m 7 8 ir 72.2m 7 8 f In l a y ESS Bank 8 StMichael's o 7 8 2 lace R Posts 3 4 Hospital Bedford P l o 8 T t th 2 is al UE 4 a E r 21.9m LB e N 2 E B d H E 2 V 2 R an L A ise AL 7 T c S er ND 8 x L m ,E TY 1 rt L po 53.3m .5 r S E 0 fo University of Bristol k R 2 re r t a R M Bristol Royal Infirmary en ' B C P E s T r e s a s LB r e B C u m C N o T H St Michael's Car 2 Park 6 Hospital E od U 8 Ho ) N 2 obin ath 19.8m VE R e (P y A an e r L L T a L E m A R m ND th) o ir Y (Pa R H f T ane E ' In d L L s l oo L e a in H 2 S s y T Rob 1 7 T r o E R u R E 14.6m E N l 65.8m E o R T t T 5 PH is S B r 6 A e B N l I m n LB L Bristol Dental Hospital g s D o h U u 7 2 o A 1 g Car Park 5 u M h s
e ' R Manor House s E P (site of) S P T U Lodge D M A I Haematology And 23.1m O C Bristol Eye Hospital 74.7m R H Oncology Centre T A H The R E O Chapter House O L
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d E u S 1 a PH 2 te O L 2 6 S 0 1 AD c C l E S 2 l M h ' 2 Gloucester a NS o D 9 1 2 I o 2 Place B W R 2 6 2 Greyfriars E l A 2 y The L o K 5 8 n f 2 S 1 n Tower House N I 3 T h e n A 0 o t M s e T e 2 J u r c I 5 o The n a C a l H 6 H Schoolhouse 1 t P A 3 s i k o r G E 8 1 in Multistorey Car Park n a P L a P ' 2 w l S 1 e B H L u E IL s Pond N L i h d n 9 A rc i 0 e u 1
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P N P 8 Old H A U ER 0 R 6 2 K E Rectory 1 9 4 N 1 8 L P 'S A P 8 N 1 The Sugar House B U 7 R E 4 1 1 K 2 ID 5 G R 1 E U A k P 1 L n t C a o 6 T D 3 9 3 Hotel L 1 O 4 E s 4 HN 2 B 1 7 T CA C E Nelson L 1 T E R 1 D TR House 1 U A S 8 E 0 Drake H 1 O T N R C R House 5 A Y E 6 LH R R m P 5 C E 4 Statue U R . R R 4 3 W E 3 6 U P 5 7 12 O St Michael onR theH Mount L St
C 2 S CofEPrimarySchoolE t Bartholomews U w 6 P B L ie O 5 Court V P H a C r L o r 61.3m e D U 4 s th ow 1 3 p o T t P 2 it lo C o A a m L Court R (ls U ll 9 i e 9.4m a K te w W 5 Frome y E H 1 o ' it U Brewery 2 s C N IL f) Gate 8.8m ld E L 1 12 (site of) C O V H s rs A a 8 e R n e L 1 1 s I e b A 9 u S e C CHR 17 1 o S T u m A IC IST h M Q a N D Tk 25 11 MAS e A A h 7 E 24.4m 10 ST t M S C 7 T W 9 EP 20 7 a T O aM O 8 S 1 G S S C St R I T T K ub K Chapel 3 R S e h R 5 R ' l S A H h c S E 1 E r P T t T C R C E u h E Foster's E T n h e L W 22 PH h O E o C O C Almshouse M S L J s B D 7 R ' e E A 1 O g t t u y T s rc i O 5 n r S i l 1 L i t h d R 6 9 n S s p a i S p o ' n Y 1 4 n Lunsford House o e a T g s t n t R 4 T l B
s 1 o a h V R S a R O e 5 E 3 t o te 1 1 m g n P E J a N tu 5 e t 3 r P 4 G 4 r 8 Chy t S e 9 S e 2 U rs W u 1 n T R T g 36.3m W 1 e 11 o o O 1 R West Gate E . 3 e C s 0 o g R 9 r E m 3 3 a K 4 E g e 6 7 d n R P d lt R 3 E ElSubSta i 8 l y A H 5 T U a S P r e n T b e h S iv n R 7 3 e E e s S 2 9 rs d 2 Shelter Y 8 4 it 9 W Club n u 0 y O 5 o A R L W o G t at o H U i 2 e 0 S s Ps e r Q 9 2 4 k T t 6 e g o 1 d ce s E 31 0 o a 5 E 2 1 1 L l 2 n R 3 P 2 P i 4 19 5 e f 1 T 7 C 1 if 3 2 1 h r ) S 3 2 s 3 3 T KEY E 6 2 1 2 G H T 2 1 P S N 60 E43.0m 0 ( 5 A O 3 3 1 2 U 25 2 E 9 H L 2 N 41.5m C 1 3 4 E 29 A 7 2 St Giles Ct L V L 6 T Esso Building 1 L A 58 44.5m P E Z 1 E T 4 1 E e B E E 0 d PA LB 6 3 Chapel R 3 A G E PH RK G 3 Conservation Area R RO 10 o House T ll C ui W 10a ll L D t o ey h ld T t S 12 i O O 1 S am ha H D L l K D 7 b l w e G 2 R TCB The R m e rs 4 4 e A 8 2 E 4 2 1 P A 4 s 2 . h Red Lodge 2 o H u t y S t 4 - St Gile's Gate e 7 t Routes and Spaces 2 T C 2 o 1 n 8 a 3 o R 1 N Colston 33 (site of) 11 Guildhall 30 St 2 H 1 E E M TCBs 3 E R o 1 T T t 10 4 PH 3 1 3 9 2 2 3 Gap Site 0 Creswick Ho 2 1to53 9 9.4m PH 16 Co 4 to 1 1 ls The Panoramic s 7 ( t 7 17.7m r Quay re on e E 1 t Head m 's 2 l U a H e House in S N Primary Route s ou o t h E S o s 1 n M S M f e th a V A ) 6 a R e ry A L 1 t C Q LS Multistorey S N C E 1 5 u T h a War 2 R b 1 u y O U 6 1 Car Park rc 3 E 6 u h T Memorial N E 0 t S 5 Secondary Route o Irving House S E T L L l 2 Presby V Crown Court 3 E S 2 E O A t 2 6 C O W Colston Hall N N e e O r s S b e T A u r T u o t ) 7 r S R g H n f Intimate Route/Space L o S L h s T e D ' ' Friary A s r E DFn O e T e C s 6 C e E Site of C r E N h 5 R n u 8 in P E u T o 9 g (Carmelite) to c rc n S (ls H 2 h 2 E s l 1 7 D l a E to o 1 37 E R W N Private Green Space l S A C L H 19.8m Colston ty 'S Te rr y H o us e S L El e i C 5 u C Statue Shelters C 5 b E Sub N h S o W T E T 6 6 m 5 S E Sta T R This map is reproduced from Ordnance survey material e R E R R 7 o m 2 s ta E R T with the permission of ordnance Survey on behalf u P T Unite House E o e o Private Open Space m r P S E 5 H Eagle House 1 c of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery office U 1 s i 0 lk T 7 a ©Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Fo 5 L l Posts E Bank Crown4 copyright and may lead tto civil proceedings. 's 1 O 9 16.5m n 51 Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2008. Folk N N PH 4 e 7 6 House P O h A IP T E p e 1 s E T E s 2 RL PH t 2 8 U te os 4 L S E u AD 1 4 P A L N David Bishop, Director.S o 4 4 0 N R N 4 E O E t H T V S E 9 4 6 C S Planning, Transport and SustainablePH DevelopmentSt Stephen's 3 2 3 A T 4 C 5 PI E 7 o P N Church 37 E H l E L Colston Tower Brunel House, St Georges Road, TR 38 2 o le AN S O 5 S 3 u g E 13.7mT PH T 3 4 s e 2 N 5 0102030405 e A S Bristol BS1 5UY.S R 08-1133 C 9 L T 1 3 O 4 8 U 1 U 8 S 3 C 6 O T 3 3 G 2 1 30.2m L O 0 7 E 3 V 3 8 U C 1 P E Meters R 1 a H 9 4 5 S E 2 9 1 R C 4 E ) S Amelia Court T l 0 N 12.2m Bank Unite House H 7 1 l f ' T S TCBs 1 I U 1 Bradley 6 SA A NP a o ´ V S T 0 TCBs N e R 2 Amelia EA e House t R W E T a t D 2 E 3 H T 1 1 'RS s 8 7 E G E e Court r N 2 s Culver House E 2 V y ' I E h 8 A A t 4 5 rPd L i u U 2 f) T tc 2 V 5 E 2 D A a o L 1 2 o n H Bank R C 3 oT e a o E 8.8m 6 E 2 t 5 t T 3 E Burke c e i 0 S N L E s E H ) N 2 3 3 11.6m ( PH 1 t E ( 3 T 0 S . 29 SR N H m U 0 1 Statue 4 R e 6 2 D 4 O 1 T 4 h P . E 2 to S 'S T ( R T E E 11 A 17 R E H S LA S T C L C R T O R O E C E T 6.2 VIEWS Panoramas Are wide-reaching views that extend across the city and beyond.
6.2.1 The topography of the City is unique and Long Views views across it make and important Are long-distance views across the City, to contribution to Bristol’s townscape and key features or landmark buildings. Views character. The spectacular city-wide views into the Conservation Area fall within this enjoyed from the St Michael’s Hill & category. Christmas Steps Conservation Area are fundamental to its special interest. Local Views These tend to be shorter and confined to a 6.2.2 Panoramic views extend from Dundry and specific locality such as a Conservation Area. the Mendips in the southwest and as far as They include views to skylines, local Kelston and Lansdown in the southeast. landmarks, attractive groups of buildings, Long views are enjoyed to a number of views into open spaces, streets and squares. Bristol’s landmarks, including Cabot Tower, St Paul’s Church and St Mary le Port. Glimpses Allow intriguing glances to intimate routes 6.2.3 The church of St Michael’s on the Mount, or spaces, they make an important which occupies a prominent raised corner contribution to local character. position at the southwest end of St Michael’s Hill, is the terminating landmark in a many views within the Conservation Area. Other more locally important views are to the houses of St Michael’s Hill; the University Physics Tower; the distinctive roof forms of Colston Street and Foster’s Almshouses; and the intriguing glimpses down numerous narrow lanes and alleys. 6.2.4 The long views and panoramas to the south tend to be enjoyed from the top of St Michael’s Hill and houses and gardens tucked behind the west side of the street on the upper slope. Historic lanes and alleys in this area also channel long views south out across the City. Figure 7: Panorama from corner of Old Park Lane/Old Park 6.2.5 Although situated within the Tyndall’s Park south across the City and beyond conservation Area, the institutional buildings, including Synthetic Chemistry, form a very strong backdrop to the buildings on Perry Road and St Michael’s Hill. 6.2.6 The preservation views within and out of the Conservation Area is vital in protecting its character and special interest. For the purpose of Character Appraisals, four types of views have been identified:
16 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
Views in the Conservation Area are identified at Map 5.
Figure 8: Long view from between upper Christmas Steps looking southeast across the City Centre
Figure 9: Glimpsed view from bottom of Christmas Steps
17 6.3 LANDMARK BUILDINGS 6.3.4 Foster’s Almshouses, Colston Street is another significant landmark. The distinctive roof-form, punctuated by tall clustered chimneys, ornate diaper brick and 6.3.1 Landmark Buildings are those that due to tile-work and Gothic detail all contribute to their height, location or detailed design the building’s prominence. stand out from their background. They contribute to the character and townscape of the area and provide key focal points in local views. 6.3.2 Given the topography, history and development of the Conservation Area, there are a number of buildings that act as local landmarks. 6.3.3 St Michael on the Mount is the most prominent feature in the Conservation Area, which sits on an elevated platform just above Perry Road. The distinctive medieval tower is visible in many local views. The Church is currently in a poor condition and features on the Bristol CC, English Heritage Figure 11: Foster’s Almshouses, Colston Street and Civic Society’s Buildings at Risk Registers (see Negative Features, Section 8). 6.3.5 Colston Hall, Colston Street is Bristol’s major concert hall and an example of Bristol Byzantine design. The Hall is currently undergoing re-development and a metal- clad extension will occupy the St Augustine Parade/Colston Street corner, making the site even more prominent from the City Centre. 6.3.6 The following are considered landmark buildings in the St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps Conservation Area: • St Michael on the Mount, St Michael’s Hill • Foster’s Almshouses, Colston St • Colston Hall, Colston Street • Colston’s Almshouses, St Michael’s Hill • Former Children’s Hospital, St Michael’s Hill • Bengough’s Almshouses, Horfield Road • White Bear Public House, St Michael’s Hill • King David Hotel, St Michael’s Hill/Upper Figure 10: St Michael on the Mount Maudlin Street
18 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
• Synagogue, Park Row • The Red Lodge, Park Row • Zero Degrees, Perry Road • Hotel du Vin/Sugar House, Rupert Street
Landmark Buildings in the Conservation Area are identified at Map 5.
Development should be designed with regard to the local context. Proposals which would cause unacceptable harm to the character and/or appearance of an area, or to the visual impact of historic buildings, views or landmarks, will not be permitted. BLP Policies B2 (I – IV) should be consulted.
19 ET RE ST 0 1 D 3 4 AN lk 7 Knightstone The Ark M TL a 1 o O 62.2m R W t 6 79 1 7 PO ne 5 House 8 N 2 to 6 1 1 0 T to hts 5 4 5 2 2 A A 7 72.5m nig 4 1 2 0 G a 0 3 24 K 3 U 5 2 Henrietta 5 E 1 2 Playground House PH 3 H 3 1 46 13 1 a 3 IL 6 2 4 3 8 L o 6 T 6 1 m 6 t EE n 2 9 9 B 23 5 TR rk o 2 8 . 2 2 9 S o lla s 1 7 TA Y i n la 27 7 c 5 a 2 ET V la il 28 2 6 3 1 5 1 RI l V b 1 0 6 St M57 ichael’s Hill & ChrENistmA as Steps 6 1 8 2 3 H 1 22 ta Map 5 to b S T 3 2 6 2 5 01 u 3 EE rt 2 l S 4 6 R 53.0m H ou E 53 4 6 ST 2 P C 6 A 4 y 6 TT M ll 7 IE 4 Ho 0 43 2 NR 2 1 on 8 4 A HE 8 9 1 t 9 o Views, Vistas and La ndmE arks 1 a t L to D g 1 F d u 3 C 2 N e 7 R 3 9 2 A LB 1 E H 5 E c 6 L T i 3 D 2 ll 2 3 P 1 S 3 Colston Fort 5 E P 0 1 b E E 3 2 2 C 0 L L 1 1 4 W 0 A 5 A U L IT 7 P 0 C a 9 T 7 G 2 S 1 E 4 L E 1 C 1 6 A 1 W 5 4 E 1 E 9 N High T 2 M E 9 1 6 P N K 1 R R LA 3 A b 8 5 4 1 Kingsdown 7 7 2 O A 7 C 3 U 8 0 c 1 P 8 1 2 0 M 1 S L 5 e 1 5 1 3 2 L S s a L 5 4 u 0 A 5 1 T o D 1 7 1 5 R 1 H N 3 Y PH 2 8 t 0 E e 1 T s E 1 1 1 r ta 6 e 3 4 T S The Bell 9 o w 1 2 PH b m t 1 ie 4 8 23 u (PH) o 1 Rose Cottage V 9 l S S E 66.8m 3 th 2 A u 7 1 L 1 o 16 S 7 F 1 8 1 S tr R 0 1 a 1 9 4 9 5 E 8 1 1 d D 6 1 7 li t n T 1 P 1 o g 5 E 1 8 S 2 E L Priors Close 3 T 1 a 0 15 8 s R a A 4 7 T 1 4 8 M 0 Y S 1 C 1 d R E 1 1 TCB IC 3 7 1 1 E 7 0 4 8 9 2 K KINGSDOWN 3 1 H 1 H a T AL 2 I A E E G E E W 68.0m C 1 H L TR h A 2 g B 1 'S 1 S Alfred u L U 6 3 L 12 1 o P H U Court 4 1 r e L R 9 I A o s L P u IL Y L B lb 2 1 a r o H 7 V 2 CM oanH servation Area I 1 5 5 H H L 3 4 M G L 5 2 . IG A S 75 U Works and S A TCB m O H LL R Building Dept B I 9 O U 5 V 1 1 B M R Y 1 L Y R PH University of Bristol 5 R o U El A r V B School of Veterinary 1 M e I H 1 8 Sub Sta 3 A M t L G 3 Science R o L I T Landmark Buildings H 1 E L n A 1 B S E O C 9 s 6 R R o rk T O t o S U t e 5 a g W L 6 G ts g 2 ta L H 0 t g D la e o in 4 A E H C t 12 O F ft rin R W IL e ro P 1 H 4 L n c 2 E 3 46.0m y L T 8 E e a 3 1 T g U 8 Long ViewC s/Vistas M 1 R u Y O A M S L E tol 1 P s 1 Bri E of 8 A sity 6 St Michael's L G iver 3 F A Un 1 Hospital 3 R T 2 E T ts 1 D O a S N A St Michael’s Hill N/N/W to Former Western Congregational l LA H 4 C F 1 L H u I 2 1 VI L h E o r 2 L N 1 s Chy g m h R 1 e lt e 9 u O a nu College, Cotham 2 B 4 o S e s e y ve 2 r 1 O ' H r 4 o 6 c o t A 7 o 1 li at Tank 3 ec m lb t b r sp 6 r 1 Pu bo ro B St Michael’s Hill N to Cotham Church .4 a La 8 P 6 M 35 73.8m 3 3 C Lower Park Row E to St Paul’s ChurcMh and beyond D 61.3m B
A T O P D St Michael’s Hill S/E to Centre/Redclie 6 E R r E 7 H o E R D o s D p T L u A 29.6m L e E Perry Road S/E to All Saint’s, Corn Street S s R E c I e A L t L F P 8 E 2 R F Lower Church Lane to S/E CD entre/Corn Street K W E R 1 O R PA 0 H H F 'S University Library 0 T L EL U G Centre/St Augustine’s PAarade N/W to Colston House HA 9 O IC 6 S Posts 27 M 72.2m a 6 ST 9 H Park Row S/W to Cabot House 2 9 4 40 6 9 I Lodge Street S/E to Centre 2 6 Southwell 4 ry House J Southwell Street S/W to Physics Towa er m 7 8 ir 72.2m 7 8 f In K Trenchard Street SW l a y ESS Bank 8 St Michael's o 7 8 2 ace R Posts 3 4 Hospital Bedford Pl L St Stephen Street NW to St Ml ichale’s Hill 8 to h 2 T is alt UE 4 a E r 21.9m LB e N 2 E B d H VE 2 an A 2 R L T ise AL 7 c D S er N 8 ,Ex TY L m t L 1 or 5 p 53.3m E . r S Glimpsed Views 0 fo University of Bristol k R 2 r re R nt a M Bristol Royal Infirmary e E ' B C P s Senate T r e s House LB a rs e B C u m C N o T H Senate St Michael's Car Local Views 2 Hospital Park House 6 od E 8 n Ho ) 19.8m U 2 Robi Path EN e ( y V an e r A L T a LL E m A ) R o rm D ath R fi YN e (P E H n T an L ' I d L L s Panoramas l oo e a H 2 S s y T bin r Ro 1 7 T o E R u R E E N l 65.8m E o R T t T is 5 PH r S 6 B A B N e I l m n LB L Bristol Dental Hospital g D s o h U 2 u 7 A 1 o Car Park 5 g u M h s ' R e s E Manor House P (site of) S P T U
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4 G 4 8 re Chy t S 9 2 S U r e n s W u 1 g 36.3m W 1 T e R T 11 o o 1 R West Gate E . O 3 g e C rs 0 o R 9 m
E E a K 4 g e d n P t R R E y El Sub Sta id l l A H 5 T a P r e U S T n b e h S i n R 7 ve E e s S r d 2 Shelter Y 2 si W Club n u 8 ty 9 O 5 o A R L W o G t a H U t i o e 0 2 s Ps e r S Q 9 4 k t 6 e g T o 8 1 d ce s E 31 0 o a 5 E 1 1 L l n R 2 P 2 i 4 P 9 5 e f 1 T 7 C 1 1 if 3 1 h r ) S 3 s 3 3 E 2 1 2 T G H T PH 62 1 N P S 5 60 43.0m 0 ( A O 3 3 9 1 2 L 25 2 E H 1 3 41.5m C 7 2 St Giles Ct L E 29 A U 5 L 6 T Esso Building 1 L N 8 44.5m P 4 E Z 1 E 1 e B G E E E 0 d u V PA 6 3 Chapel 3 A C i LB PH RK G R 3 ld A RO 10 D o House T ll h h W 10a l L t o e a a T 12 il O 1 S t y m l O l E H L be E D D 7 rs R w 7 G 2 T TCB The R m e 4 e 6 24 4 2 1 S 8 E A 4 s 2 h Red Lodge . 2 K o H u t y S - St Gile's Gate R e t 4 t T 7 C o 1 2 n 2 8 a 3 A o R 1 N Colston 33 (site of) 11 P 30 St 2 H 1 E E M TCBs 3 E R o 1 t 1 4 P T P 7 T 0 H C 3 A 4 1 3 9 o 2 ls R 2 3 Creswick Ho to K 0 n' 1 to 53 2 9 s S 9.4m PH 16 H T 4 to 1 1 o The Panoramic s 7 u R 7 17.7m r Quay s E E e 1 te Head E 2 l U House T S e N 7 o t h E S 1 1 n M S M th a V A 6 a R e ry A 6 t C D LL 9 Multistorey 1 Q N S 5 C u E 1 h a War 2 1 O b u y U 6 1 Car Park r T 3 a 6 u ch Memorial N 6 S 7 0 t S 5 6 7 o Irving House L E L l 2 Crown Court Presby V 6 E 3 E O A 5 6 C O N
H Colston Hall N e O s S u e T A r ) T t R o S f 7 H n L o S L 's T e D r Friary D Fn O e A e E C s T 5 e E Site of C r E N n R n u 8 i o P E g T (Carmelite) o 9 n t s c H This map is reproduced from Ordnance survey material S l( 2 E s l 1 7 D l a E with the permission of ordnance Survey on behalf to o 1 7 R N 3 E W of the controller of Her M ajesty's Stationery office l S A C H 19.8m Colston y 'S Terry House S L El e it ©Crown Copyright.5 Unauthorised reproduction infringes u L C Statue Shelters E N h C S 5 b Sub T Crown copyright and may lead tto civil proceedings. W T E T 6 6 5 S E R R E Sta R 7 Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2008.2 se ta E R T ou P T Unite House E P S G E 5 H Eagle House 1 U T 1 0 lk 7 o 5 F David Bishop, Director. L 34.7m Posts E Bank s 4 ' 1 O 16.5m Planning, Transport and Sustainable Developmentn 51 9 Folk N 4 N e 7 House P h A 6 I O T E e 1 P Brunel House, St Georges Road, Fp R E T ts 2 E U e s 2 L PH E t s 4 8 L S E u DA 4 o A L N S o 4 091827364.5 P 0 N Bristol BS1 5UY. N 08-113 4 E R E t H O T K V S E 4 6 C S PH St Stephen's 2 3 A 4 C 5 P Meters o IP N Church 7 7 H l E L Colston Tower 3 T 2 o le A S O E C u g N 1T3.7m T 5 E 4 3 s e E PH 3 R 5 U O e A S S 2 ST 3 L R 9 U L T 1 33 4 8 V 1 I 8 S N C G O R 2 T 1 30.2m 3 E 0 ) O H U C l f E 3 R 3 8 l 1 7 P C 1 a o A S a H 9 4 5 2 1 S R 9 T E T Amelia Court 4 e 0 N 12.2m Unite House D 7 1 I W ' R TCBs 1 N s 1 Bradley 6 S r A 0 y E E t V 2 i u E ' E S o C T N c U ( E ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
7. CHARACTER ANALYSIS
7.1 Overview 7.1.1 The St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps Conservation Area is defined by the quality and range of historic buildings within it, reflected in the number of listed buildings, many of which are Grade I or II*. The local topography has shaped the area and contributes to a noticeable difference in character and development that exists between the upper and lower portions. 7.1.2 Though the entire Conservation Area is relatively small, it offers a microcosm of many architectural periods and styles throughout it, from medieval to modern day. Each street is different, with variations in architectural style and formality altering the Figure 12: Christmas Steps. The area south of Perry Road is character between them. Despite the characterised by a mixture of modest vernacular buildings. variations in its townscape, the Conservation Area as a whole remains unified with a recognisably charming and intimate 7.1.4 North of Perry Road, St Michael's Hill character. contains a range of fine Georgian townhouses that cling to the steep hillside 7.1.3 The area south of Perry Road is characterised as it rises towards Cotham. The by groups of tightly packed terraces, ranging substantially sized properties and quality of from Victorian to 17th century timber- materials clearly reflects the social standing framed, most with active ground-floor uses. of the area's former residents, and the way Despite the range between individual in which the suburb grew as an out-of-City properties, overall harmony is achieved retreat offering a rural setting and through a general consistency in scale and panoramic views. materials, and the preservation of traditional architectural details,
Figure 13: St Michael’s Hill properties are of high quality, reflecting the social status of their original inhabitants
21 7.1.5 Overall, the character of the area is very much determined by its developmental history. The upper portion reflects the development of substantial manor houses, short terraces and "summer houses" either situated in large garden plots or climbing the hill. Christmas Steps, Colston Street and Lower Park Row reflect the more intensive development of modest artisan's and trader's houses and shops. Perry Road reflects massive 19th century road alterations and the subsequent shopping parade, Tram Sheds and large institutional developments this enabled along its length. 7.1.6 The Conservation Area can be divided into a number of areas of distinct character, each reflecting a particular aspect of its architectural development or topography.
Character Areas are identified on Map 6.
22 46 T 2 5 EE k n m to 9 R r a o 9 3 ST o ill s a 27 7 c . a 2 2 TA YV n ill 28 2 6 3 7 1 5 1 2 T la V b1 0 5 6 7 IE l 1 5 NR A 6 8 2 3 E 1 2 22 ta H 9 to S 3 2 b 6 T 2 5 t 01 u 3 EE 53.0m r 2 l S 4 6 6 R H ou E 53 4 ST 2 P C 6 A 4 Map 6 6 TT M 3 y 7 ll 2 IE 4 o 1 o 0 3 NR 2 1 n 8 1 H 4 4 A E 8 9 1 t 9 e o St Michaels Hill & ChristmasH StepsE Conservation1 Areaa o s t t t 1 L o d D g u F 3 C u 1 o R 3 9 2 N e 5 7 A LB 1 E H E 2 H 6 5 L c T i a 3 D 2 ll in 32 3 Colston Fort P 5 1 S l E P 0 1 b E ro E 2 2 C 0 L L 3 1 W 0 a A 5 I 1 4 C S L T 7 A U C L P 0 C a U W 9 T 7 G 2 E 1 E 4 L 6 E 1 C 1 CharacterA Areas1 M 5 4 E 1 K 9 N High T 2 R E 9 1 6 R P N A 1 A 3 A P 5 L 4 Kingsdown 7 b 8 S 1 U 7 2 O c L 7 C 3 1 8 2 0 1 8 0 M 1 L 2 L 5 e 1 5 H 1 3 A S s a T D 5 4 u 0 U N 5 1 T o 1 Y 1 5 7 O T R 1 H PH 2 3 8 t 0 S E e 1 T
1 s E a 1 1 r E t 9 6 3 4 E T S The Bell e 1 w 1 2 PH b m to ie R 4 8 23 u (PH) o 1 Rose Cottage V T 9 l S S S E 66.8m 3 th E 2 A u V 7 1 L 1 o 16 S 7 F 8 1 S O t 1 D r 1 R 0 9 1 a 9 5 E 4 d 6 Playground 1 7 1 l D 1 t in T 1 1 o 5 E P S 2 g E 1 L Priors Close T 1 a 0 15 8 s a 4 7 TR 1 A 4 8 M M 0 Y S 1 C O 1 d E 1 1 TCB IC 3 7 1 1 ER KINGSDOWN 7 0 N 4 H 8 9 2 K 3 1 T H 1 a T L 2 A I A E A E G E E W 68.0m C G R h U H L T g A B 'S S u L E 6 1 1 L Alfred P U 3 H U 12 Court 1 ro e H R 9 A 4 1 L I P o s IL ts IL Y L B lb u a L 1 L a M r o H l V 1 2 a H H F S IL 3 5 5 M e m O 5 4 G u 0 U L S 2 .7 U g 2 0 A A TCB 5 Works and a 1 . T S L 1 m O t o 9 H H IL R Building Dept n t 2 IG 5 V 9 1 O o 1 Y 1 B M M H R 1 University of Bristol L B B U PH 5 R U B School of Veterinary El 1 M A R H 1 8 Sub Sta 3 A M Y IG 3 Science T R H 1 E L V 1 E B I 9 O L s R R ts L rk 6 T O a A e o S U l S g W L 56 G F 2 ta g L H e 0 ot n D n 2 C ti 24 A E H e 1 t in 1 O W I g o f 1 R L ro r H 4 L u t c P 2 E 3 1 y L T 8 E46.0m E a 3 1 T T M 1 R U 8 C E Y O A E M S L R 1 P T 1 E S 8 A St Michael's L 6 3 F G E 1 R A N Hospital 3 T E 2 E T ts 1 D G O a AS N H 4 l U L H 2 C F 1 L u I E 1 VI L h o r 2 L E 1 s g N m th Chy e 9 School of R 1 e l u O a nu o 2 SB 4 e s e y ve 2 r 1 Nursing O ' H r 4 A 7 o ic to 3 ct m b to bl ra Tank pe 6 rl Pu bo ros .4 a 1 a 8 P 6 M 35 73.8m L 3 3 M D 61.3m B
A
T O P E R 6 r H E E 7 o ET R D o s D RE p ST T L u A 29.6m S s e R E c I e A H L t P G L F U 8 E O 2 R D RK W E Mast OR A 1 O R P 0 H LB T H F L'S University Library 0 L R E U A A A 9 O M CH 6 S Posts 27 MI 72.2m a ST 9 9 4 40 6 University of Bristol 9 Dorothy Hodgkin Building 2 6 Southwell 4 ry House a m 7 8 ir 7 8 f In l a W Bank y H ESS 8 StMichael's o I 7 8 2 lace R Posts T 3 4 Hospital Bedford P l S o O 8 T t h 2 s N lt E i 21.9m ea UE 4 a r LB S N 2 E B d H E 2 T n V R R a A 2 E e L T is AL 7 E rc S T xe ND 8 t,E TY L m r L 1 po 5 53.3m E . r S 0 k 17.4m fo University of Bristol R 2 re r t a R en M Bristol Royal Infirmary P E ' B C s T r e s LB a rs e B C u m C Mortuary N o T H StMichael's Car 2 Park 6 Hospital od 8 n Ho ) 19.8m 2 Robi ath e (P y an e r L T a E m m th) R o ir Bristol Royal (Pa R H f ne E ' In d La L s l Infirmary oo L e a in H 2 S s y T Rob 1 7 T r o E R u R E 14.6m E N l 65.8m E o R T t T 5 PH is S 6 B r A B e N l I m LB n L Bristol Dental Hospital LO g D s W o h U E 7 2 u R 1 o Car Park A 5 g M u M A h s U ' e R D s L Manor House E IN P S (site of) S P TR T U EE D M T A I Haematology And 23.1m O C Bristol Eye Hospital 74.7m R H Oncology Centre T A H The R E O Chapter House O L F 4 R 'S 2 2
F L 6 1 A 1 H I
E Y 3 I
O 2 L R L Winstone L 1 D BLACK to Court FRIARS l 11 R ET C O E Posts s R ' A T rd Depot S a 2 D P nk E a 5 y E Royal Fort T 3 D (site of) t a The ar w Abbots tu e 3 b House S us Gate House 0 2 u Ho 6 S mp s The Education Centre Ra n' s o e st s Site of l ou Monastery ort o h l F C s (Franciscan) ya e lm Ro us A Whitefriars Ho 0 Bristol Royal Hospital for Children
1 27.1m 3 Paul O Gorman Building 9 PH 2 Posts 2 3 C 4 UL
E S PH 1 O 2 6 L 2 0 1 AD C l E 2 M 'S l S 2 Gloucester a IN D 9 2 1 Place 2 B W R 2 6 2 Greyfriars LE A 2 y The K 5 8 n 2 1 n To w er H ou s e N 3 S T h e A 0 o s T e M 2 J c I 5 u The a C o l H 6 H Schoolhouse 1 P A 3 s rk G E 8 1 in Multistorey Car Park a P L ' 2 w P S 1 e H L E IL Pond N L 9 h d A c i 0 ur v 1 o L h 1 t C 2 a e 1 1 Manor el's c g H a D n d n University of Bristol h r i House ic g e 8 t
C e t M n d a e s C S i i 6 e R s Y u H K M o
U e n H U R 4 o H t R 71.0m 2 s Froomsgate C l l C House l 33.5m 0 o a
R H 9 Hall C 4 S W
E 8 T L 8 ty P A J i 6 O C
P N P 8 Old H A U ER 0 R Rectory 6 2 K E 1 9 4 N 1 8 L P 'S A 8 N P 1 The Sugar House B E U 7 R 24 1 1 ID Juvenile and K 5 G R 1 E U Domestic Court A k 1 L P U n to C a 6 T L T D 3 9 3 Hotel L r C 1 a
O f 4 a E s l 4 g HN 2 B 7 T e A 1 E C C Nelson r L 1 T E R 1 D TR House H 1 U A S o 8 E 0 Drake u H 1 O T s N C R House 5 R e A Y E LH R R m Statue P C E R .4 5 U R R E 4 3 W 3 6 U P 5 7 12 O StMichaelontheMountRH L St B C 2 S CofEPrimarySchoolE Bartholomews U t a w 6 e P B L i O 5 Court n V P H a C r L o r k 61.3m e D U 4 s th of) w 1 3 p o e To t P 2 it lo C urs o A a m L Court llco R l(s U a( 9 i e 9.4m W K te w ty 5 Frome i E H 1 's C 2 o U I Brewery Gate ld N L 1 f) 8.8mC O E L 1 2 (site of) H s V a s r A 8 e R n e 1 1 s I e b Jo L 9 u S e h L C A CH 17 1 o S T u m n it A IC RIS h M Q a tl D Tk 25 11 TMA e A A h S e N 24.4m 10 S S t M C tr 7 T E W 9 TEP 20 7 a T S Bank e 7 O M O 8 S 1 G S e C Sta R IS T T t K ub K Chapel 3 R S e h R 5 R ' l S A H E h rc E 1 S P T t C R C E n u L E 22 4Foster's E T h W PH h C T O E o T C Almshouse h S LO J s E B D 7 R ' e E A 1 O g t t E u y T s M i O 5 n r S ti R l 1 L i
d 9 e R 6 p n S p T r i S o 's 1 n 1 4 a S c Lunsford House Y o e T h g l s t n R T a s 14 h B N R o S a a R O n 5 E 3 t o te H t 1 m g P 1 E J N a O
V 5 e t 3 J e r P
4 G 4 n 8 Chy t S 9 S t e 2 U u W 1 n 7 T u T 1 r R T e g 36.3m W 1 e 11 Q R o r o O 1 R West Gate E . s 3 e C s 0 U o g R 9 r E m 3 3 P a K 4 E g e 6 7 O d n R P d t R 3 N E ElSubSta i l 8 C l y A H 5 a P r e T T M S b e h S U n R 7 S 3 ' n E e s S 2 9 i d 2 Shelter Y 8 4 R ve 9 W Club n u 0 r O 5 o A O s R L W o J it t L y H U A - I i o 2 G 0 S L a s 3 Q 9 2 - A Ps e r t 4 k T t 6 e e o 4 H T 1 dg e s E 31 1 0 o ac E 2 1 1 L l 5 n R 3 P 2 P 2 i 4 4 19 5 e f 1 T 7 C 1 if 3 2 3 1 h ) S 3 2 4 s 3 3 r E 4 2 1 2 T G H T 4 1 P S N 9 43.0m 0 ( 5 A B 5 O 3 3 1 2 R 0 25 2 E 9 H L 2 O 41.5m 1 3 4 C 7 St Giles Ct L A 29 A 2 D 5 L 6 T Esso Building 1 L 8 44.5m P 4 E Z 1 E S E 1 e T E Chapel 0 d B R PA LB 6 3 R 3 A G RK G 3 E RO 10 D to House T lle C ui L E W 10a ll L o h ld B 12 i O O 1 S t y a h T H D L m al D 7 be l G w 2 4 TCB The R m e rs 24 E 4 2 e 8 A 4 s 12 h Red Lodge . 2 H u S o t y - St Gile's Gate e t 4 t T 7 C o 1 n 2 8 3 o R 1 a Colston 33 KEY (site of) 11 Guildhall N t 2 H 30 S E 1 E M TCBs 3 E R o 1 T T t 10 4 PH 3 1 3 9 2 2 3 0 Creswick Ho 1to53 2 9 9.4m PH 16 Co The Panoramic 4 to 1 Conservation Area 1 ls s 7 ( to s 7 17.7m r E Quay re n r 1 e m ' e t U Head s 2 l a H b e House in S N s ou m o t h E S o s a 1 n M S M f e h th a CharacterV Areas A ) C 6 a R e ry A L t C L n Multistorey 1 Q N S o S 5 C E u 1 T i h a War 2 R b b 1 u y O U l 1 Car Park rc T 3 E u h Memorial N E A t 0 S o Irving House S E 5 T L L l 2 Presby V Crown Court 3 1: Upper St Michael'sE Hill 2 E O A 6 2 C O Colston Hall N 2 e O N 3 s S e A u r T o t ) T 7 S R S H n f L o S L t s T e D W ' Friary A r E DFn 2:O St Michael'se T Hill e C s 6 e 5 e E Site of C r E N r in R n u b 8 o P E u g T (Carmelite) o c 9 ( r n S t (ls H 2 s g Bank 2 E s l 1 i h 7 D l a E te ' to o 1 s 37 E R W N o C l S A C Colston f) h L H 19.8m ty 'S u Te rr y H o u se S L El e 3: Perryi Road C r u C Statue Shelters C c b E Sub N h S o h W T E T 6 6 m 5 S E Sta T R e R E R R 7 m 2 s ta E R T o u P T Unite House E o e o m r 5 H P S Eagle House E c U 1 1 7 0 lk T 7 s ia 4 15.8m 4: Christmas Steps/Colston5 St/Lower Park Row Fo L l Posts E Bank s 4 ' 1 O n 51 8 9 Folk 16.5m N PH 4 4 N e 7 House P O h A 6 IP T E p e 1 S 44 s E T E s 2 RL PH t 2 8 L U te u h This map is reproduced4 from Ordnance survey material os 4 A S E 5: South Trenchard St/HostDA St & St Bartholemews1 a P L N S o 4 4 0 N R N n with the permission of ordnance Survey on behalf 4 E O E t H 0 n T V S E 9 4 o of the controller of4 Her Majesty's Stationery office 6 C S PH St Stephen's 3 n 2 3 A T 4 ©Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes C 5 PIP 7 EE C 7 H o E Colston Tower N Church 3 R 8 o ll LA O T 3 Crown copyright and may lead tto civil proceedings. 2 o eg N 13.7mS 5 S u 4 3 u e E T PH T 3 N rt 5 Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2008. s S S 2 R PH 3 C 9 e A T 1 3 O 4 8 U 1 U L S 3 C 6 O 8 T 3 3 L G 2 E 1 V O 0 8 C 7 3 3 U 1 David Bishop,P Director. E R 1 a H 9 4 5 S 2 C 9 E 1 R 4 ) Amelia Court T l 0 N 12.2m Bank Unite House H 7 1 l f ' S TCBs 1 I Planning,1 TransportBradley and6 SustainableSA Development A NP a o T R 0 TCBs V e R 2 Amelia EA e House t D 2 W E a t 1 'RS s 8 Brunel House, St Georges Road, 7 G E 1 r N 2 E s Culver House e 2 Court A y 4 ' E 8 A t 5 rd h 5 2 i u U 2 a S f) T c 2 V D U n o 0102030405 t 1 2 o 3 Bank o E T 8.8m C Bristol BS1 5UY.E 2 o teT H 08-113 a t 3 E Burke N c 6 e i 0 L s 3 3 3 I H ) N E 2 . 11.6m ( PH 1 tT ( S L 0 E E 2 S Club H U 0 1 Statue E 4 L e 2 R 4 9 E T 2 P m E 2 V 1 R 4 S 8 h ( 7 6 T o T E MetersT 2 . Harford 4 S A t S 8 T 1 4 7 2 P 2 3 1 1 D 1 RE 3 R P T House a N H 3 4 3 A R 4 A E E A 2 L E T R DE O C ´ 8 9 E C R H O 4 N 2 T K E C T 10.4m 2 PH E S B T N R 15 1 'S to S R 5 S 2 x c S M O 2 C O 2 4 ch k T 9 E L 3 0 S a P 1 R R A H H rc 1 2 4 n H 7 A o O T 2 7 g E O R h R e u C 5 t M K R a 6 7 o E s r Orchard 1 E 3 G D d 2 2 4 4 3 T O A 10 e 8 6 E 7 5 2 1 R V L 9 1 3 F E A T N E CHARACTER AREA 1: • Poor quality shopfronts/signage • Insensitive roof extensions Upper St Michael’s Hill • Small-scale accretions on main façade • Mix of street surfaces Area 1: Dominant Characteristics Scale 7.1.7 Area 1 forms the northernmost portion of • Up to three storeys, plus attic the Conservation Area, centered on St • Narrow plot widths, up to three bays wide Michael’s Hill and the residential streets running east and west off it. Buildings • Strong building line, notably on east side of directly address the street, many with active St Michael’s Hill, as properties directly ground floor uses. With the exception of address the street Oldbury House, the character in this upper portion reflects the slightly later • Oldbury House, Nos. 123 – 131 (odd) St development than the rest of St Michael’s Michael’s Hill set back behind short front Hill. garden and low boundary wall
Proportions & Architectural Treatment • Vertical emphasis • Window heights diminish up elevation • Roof concealed behind continuous parapet • Traditional timber shopfronts directly addressing street
Material Palette Figure 14: Oldbury House, St Michael’s Hill • Main facades: Red brick, Bath stone, Stucco render (sometimes painted) 7.1.8 There is a notable commercial character to • Dressings: Limestone and red brick the area, with a range of shops, public • Boundary Treatments: Random rubble houses, cafes and services occupying the stone, Limestone, red brick, wrought iron ground floors, with residential above. The railings White Bear Public House is a local landmark owing to the large white bear attached to its • Joinery: Timber sash windows, timber frontage. panelled doors, timber shopfronts • Roof coverings: Clay double roman tiles, occasional natural slate; red brick chimney stacks with clay chimney pots
Main Issues Undermining Character
24 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
redundant wires and alarm boxes exist between Paul Street and Clarence Place; and a mixture of street surface treatments are undermining the quality of the area.
CHARACTER AREA 2: ST MICHAEL’S HILL
Area 2: Dominant Characteristics Scale
Figure 15: North west side of St Michael’s Hill • Up to three storeys, plus attic • Narrow plot widths, up to three bays wide 7.1.9 A number of fine traditional shopfronts exist • Strong building line and rhythm to in their entirety, for example at no. 1 Paul traditional properties Street. Others retain their traditional surrounds including carved consoles, and entablature fascias. Where shopfronts have Proportions & Architectural Treatment been restored in a sensitive manor, this has greatly enhanced the street scene. • Vertical emphasis • Window heights diminish up elevation • Variety of roof forms: mansards and gables and roofs concealed behind parapet
Material Palette • Main facades: Lime stone Ashlar, Stucco (with Lime wash) and Tyrolean render (now with modern painted finishes) or cement roughcast on Georgian and pre-Georgian buildings. • Dressings: Limestone and red brick • Boundary Treatments: Random rubble Figure 16: No. 1 Paul Street stone, Limestone, red brick, wrought iron railings 7.1.10 Two long views extend northwards • Joinery: Timber sash or casement windows, towards Cotham and a local view to the timber panelled doors Hospital Chimney to the southwest. • Roof coverings: Clay double roman tiles; 7.1.11 Unsympathetic shopfronts and signage red brick chimney stacks with clay chimney insertions, in poor quality materials and pots design; a proliferation of satellite dishes,
25 Main Issues Undermining Character • New developments failing to respect the 7.1.15 St Michael on the Mount Primary School, dominant scale/rhythm of the street built 1895, the Parish Hall and nos. 12-8 Old Park Hill and nos. 3 & 4 Old Park are unlisted • Loss of townscape details including buildings that contribute to the character of traditional boundary features, street the area. surfaces and street furniture 7.1.16 The West side of St Michael’s Hill is raised • Gap in the historic terrace, between nos. on a rubble causeway and many other 53 & 61 St Michael’s Hill (demolished important townscape details run through during the 1950s) the area. Boundary treatments are an extremely important feature and define a strong building line up the hill. Where 7.1.13 Area 2 forms the central spine through the buildings are demolished, their stone Conservation Area, centred on St Michael’s (Brandon Hill grit and Pennant) offers the Hill. The Area has a high quality townscape, possibility of re-use in buildings, boundary containing predominantly Georgian or walls and paving. earlier buildings, and the highest proportion of listed buildings in the Conservation Area.
Figure 17: Pre-Georgian buildings on the southeast side of St Michael’s Hill
7.1.14 The southern end reflects the old parish of St Michael’s located around the rebuilt church of 1775. Buildings here still suggest the former village with its Manor House, Figure 18: Rubble causeway on the west side of St Michael’s Rectory, Colston’s Almshouses and jettied Hill Jacobean houses rising up the hill, the whole linked with narrow flagged alleys. Further north, the street is characterised by a range of fine Georgian townhouses, most of which area Grade II or II* listed.
26 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
7.1.17 Five local landmarks exist within this • Narrow plot widths, up to two bays wide Character Area: two almshouses, St Michael’s Church and the former Children’s • Strong building line, directly addresses Hospital. Long Views reach to the Physics pavement edge Tower and to the City Centre/Redcliffe • Institutional buildings set back from street southeast down St Michael’s Hill. One of the in large plots best City-wide panoramas is gained from the top of this Character Area. Proportions & Architectural Treatment • Vertical emphasis • Window heights diminish up elevation • Variety of roof forms: mansards and gables and roofs concealed behind parapet
Material Palette • Main facades: Red brick, Stucco, Lime- based render (sometimes painted or lime wash finish), Pennant stone on institutional buildings. Many rear elevations are Tyrolean rendered Figure 19: Colston’s Almshouses (Grade I Listed), St Michael’s Hill • Dressings: Limestone and red brick • Boundary Treatments: Random rubble stone, iron area railings 7.1.18 Unsympathetic, over-scaled modern institutional insertions, from the 1960s and • Joinery: Timber sash windows, timber 70s, along St Michael’s Hill has damaged the shopfronts and surrounds traditional layout and residential scale of the area. There is a gap in the historic terrace, • Roof coverings: Clay double roman tiles; between nos. 53 & 61 St Michael’s Hill. A red brick or ashlar chimney stacks with clay sensitive scheme to reinstate the lost chimney pots townhouses, that respected the historic Tankard’s Close, would most successfully preserve the character in this part of the Main Issues Undermining Character Conservation Area. • Trenchard Street car-park undermining setting of Grade I listed Red Lodge CHARACTER AREA 3: PERRY ROAD • Traffic and pedestrian movement problems • Poor maintenance, loss or insensitive replacement of shopfronts & poor quality Area 3: Dominant Characteristics signage Scale • Insensitive modern street furniture and signage • Up to four storeys, plus attic • Mixture of modern street surfaces
27 7.1.19 This Character Area centres on Upper 7.7.24 The majority of buildings are unlisted Maudlin Street/Perry Road and Park Row and though many add value to the Conservation the short stretch of properties leading to Area as a whole. Landmark buildings are The Horfield Road. Perry Road itself is a late Red Lodge, The Synagogue, Zero Degrees Victorian tram route, which now interrupts Microbrewery (former Tram Sheds), and the the continuation of St Michael’s Hill to former King David Hotel. Christmas Steps. 7.7.20 There is a predominantly commercial character as the majority of buildings have ground floor shop units, which contain a variety of independent businesses ranging from cafes, antique shops, galleries to hair dressers.
Figure 20: Shopping parade along north side of Perry Road
7.7.21 There is an extremely strong building line along Perry Road and St Michael’s Hill/Horfield Road, as properties directly Figure 21: Former King David Hotel, corner of Upper Maudlin address the pavement edge and respond to Street and St Michael’s Hill the gentle curve of Perry Road and St Michael’s Hill. 7.7.25 The volume of heavy traffic undermines the 7.7.22 The north-western end contains a complex character of the area, conflicting with of late Victorian/Edwardian institutional pedestrian movement and impacting on type buildings, some of the largest within local trade. Some shopfronts are being the Conservation Area. On the south side of poorly maintained or replaced; the Café Wall Park Row is a parade of attractive Edwardian Illusion tiles (originally tiled as a butcher’s properties and shopfronts. shop, now an empty café) at no. 19-20 Perry 7.7.23 The Red Lodge is one of two Grade I listed Road, which inspired experiments in visual buildings in the Conservation Area. The distortion by Professor Richard Gregory in setting of the building is undermined by the the 1970s, are in a poor condition. elevation of Trenchard Street Car-Park that surrounds the Lodge on two sides.
28 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
• Boundary Treatments: Wrought iron area railings at nos. 1-5 Lower Park Row • Joinery: Timber sash windows, timber shopfronts & surrounds, timber panelled doors • Roof coverings: Clay double roman tiles; red brick chimney stacks with clay chimney pots
Main Issues Undermining Character • Closure of many independent businesses Figure 22: Café wall illusion tiles at no. 19-20 Perry Road on Christmas Steps contributing to an atmosphere of decline CHARACTER AREA 4: • Loss of retail units to residential/corporate CHRISTMAS STEPS/COLSTON uses STREET/LOWER PARK ROW • Poor maintenance or insensitive restoration of period buildings • Insensitive modern street furniture and Area 4: Dominant Characteristics signage Scale • Mixture of modern street surfaces • Human scale, up to three storeys, plus attic
• Narrow plot widths, up to two bays wide 7.7.26 Character Area 4 sits on the escarpment to the River Frome that runs from the south of • Strong building line and rhythm Upper Maudlin Street to Colston Street and includes Lower Park Row, Trenchard Street and Christmas Steps. Proportions & Architectural Treatment 7.7.27 The development of the area was dictated • Vertical emphasis to in part by the local topography, which retains much of its original layout as a • Window heights diminish up elevation medieval suburb. The area has an intimate • Variety of roof forms: mansards, pitched or and charming character, owing to the jumble hipped roofs, many concealed behind of historic buildings and number of narrow continuous parapet lanes and alleyways, many now forgotten, that permeate the area. 7.7.28 Christmas Steps is one of the most Material Palette important historic streets in Bristol, notable • Main facades: Red brick, Lime-based render for its steep stepped form that dates from (with lime wash finish) the Jacobean period. Buildings that round Colston Street and along Lower Park Row are • Dressings: Limestone, pre-moulded and red some of the earliest in the Conservation brick Area, all timber-framed with a modest scale and vernacular character.
29 Figure 23: Early vernacular buildings that round Colson Street from Christmas Steps
7.7.29 The area contains a rich variety of townscape details including shopfronts, lampstandards, street surfaces, which add interest and diversity to the street scene (see Townscape Details section). Poor Figure 24: View eastwards down Lower Park Row maintenance and mixed replacement is undermining the quality of the area. 7.7.30 Fosters Almshouses Grade II* and the 7.7.31 Colston Yard is the only mews development adjacent chapel is the only local landmark. A in the Conservation Area, which retains a number of glimpsed views are gained down light-industrial character. The retention of narrow streets. An important long view runs independent workshops, artisans and light- east down Lower Park Row towards St Paul’s. industry is extremely important in protecting the unique and diverse character of the area.
30 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
Proportions & Architectural Treatment • Mix of building styles and treatments • Host streets retains a light-industrial, warehouse character • Generally flat roofs
Material Palette
• Main facades: Red brick, Limestone Ashlar, Stucco or Lime render (with lime wash finish), Pennant stone • Dressings: Limestone and red brick • Boundary Treatments: Random rubble stone, Limestone, wrought iron railings • Roof coverings: Clay double roman tiles; Figure 25: Colston Yard natural slate
7.7.32 Some modern and restorations infills have Main Issues Undermining Character failed to respect the dominant materials and proportions to detrimental effect. Despite • Host Street has become a forgotten cul-de- being one of the City’s primary retail areas, sac dominated by negative elevations of Christmas Steps and Colston Street are Colston Avenue buildings on the south side struggling to attract trade. Many retail units • Severed pedestrian links between Old City are being lost to residential or corporate and bottom of Christmas Steps uses, which further deprives the area of an active ground floor and vital footfall. 7.7.33 Character Area 5 lies in the valley floor between Lewins Mead and Colston Avenue CHARACTER AREA 5: that originally followed the River Frome. The SOUTH TRENCHARD STREET/HOST STREET area is most mixed in terms of its & ST BARTHOLOMEW’S development, architecture and character. 7.7.33 Fronting Rupert Street is a collection of historic buildings including the Meeting Area 3: Dominant Characteristics House and the Sugar House, the sole surviving sugar refinery (now Hotel du Vin). Scale • Up to eight storeys fronting Rupert Street • Large, wide plots • Strong building line down Colston Street
31 Steep Street to Trenchard Lane (now Trenchard Street). The only reminders of the name of Griffin Lane are in the Griffin Public House and Griffin Court, off Lower Park Row.
Figure 26:The Meeting House, Lewin’s Mead
7.7.34 St Bartholomew’s Court is a massive late 20th century office development that obscures the opening to the south of Christmas Steps. Tucked behind the offices is the site of the 13th century St Bartholomew’s Hospital which is now a complex of small office units.
Figure 28: Zed Alley leading from Colston Street to Host Street
7.7.36 Colston Street was driven through the area in the late 19th century, sweeping away all of the vernacular buildings that existed. Colston Hall is a landmark building, occupying a vast plot between Colston Street and Trenchard Street. 7.7.37 Trenchard Street car-park looms over Trenchard Street and undermines the setting Figure 27: Remnants of the former St Bartholomew’s Hospital of the Conservation Area. Similarly, Colston Avenue buildings turn their back on Host Street and overshadow this historic route 7.7.35 Host Street still reflects something of the creating the sense of a forgotten back alley. maritime history that once shaped the area, owing to the small-scale warehouse type buildings, cast iron curb edges and Zed Alley that historically ran from the water up past
32 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
7.2 ARCHITECTURE
Overview 7.2.1 The St Michael’s Hill and Christmas Steps Conservation Area is particularly rich in its diversity and variety of buildings, containing a harmonious jumble of building styles and details with virtually no two buildings being the same. The character of the area is derived in large part from the quality of the buildings, many of which are listed and retain traditional features. 7.2.2 With the exception of local landmarks and institutional buildings, an overall harmony derives from the human-scale and overall consistency in materials: stucco render, Bath and rubble stone, red brick, Clay double roman tiless. The consistent use of traditional materials gives a cohesion to the Conservation Area 7.2.3 The Character Areas described above reflect the architectural styles of the conservation Figure 29: Host Street area, which are consistent in character and period. Most buildings display typical architectural proportions, with diminishing 7.7.38 The dual carriage way that runs along storey heights. Rupert Street has severed the historic link between Christmas Steps and the Old City. The problem is exacerbated by the lack of pedestrian crossings at crucial points. Pre-Georgian Buildings 7.2.4 The earliest buildings in the Conservation Area are the vernacular timber-framed examples clustered around Christmas Steps/Lower Park Row; and the grander merchants’ houses scattered near St Michael’s Church. There are also a number of substantial early buildings, notably the Red Lodge, the Old Rectory, the Manor House, Oldbury House and Colston’s Almshouses. 7.2.5 The earliest, modestly-scaled buildings on the lower slopes are all likely to be timber- framed although in some cases the frame may have been concealed behind later re- fronting (many of the Christmas Steps properties were re-fronted in the late
33 Georgian/Victorian period). These buildings elevation and a parapet cornice conceals the are characterised by their human scale and roof. diversity in individual details. Frontages are either flat or gabled, occasionally jettied. 7.2.9 Decorative ironwork is a particular feature of Variety in roof forms adds to the individual Georgian buildings, seen in wrought iron character of each building. area railings or occasionally in Regency balconies or entrances, for example at no. 1 7.2.6 The earliest houses north of St Michael’s Lower Park Row. Church reflect the higher status of this part of the Conservation Area. Properties are larger-scale, though 23 – 27 St Michael’s Hill are timber framed, there is a higher quality in building materials and execution. Colston’s Almshouse and the Manor House show a Classical symmetry that became more popular in the 18th century.
Figure 31: Nos. 1-4 Lower Park Row
Victorian/Edwardian Buildings 7.2.10 Victorian and Edwardian architecture tends to reflect the shift in development and Figure 30: The Manor House, Park Lane building patterns in the area. Victorian terraces with commercial ground floors and consistent upper storey treatment exist Georgian Buildings along the north side of Perry Road and south Upper Maudlin Street. 7.2.7 The Conservation Area contains a large number of fine Georgian townhouses, 7.2.11 The Victorians also introduced a number of particularly in the northern portion along St large-scale institutional and civic buildings Michael’s Hill. Most Georgian townhouses into the Conservation Area, made possible by are set behind low boundary walls crowned the massive road engineering that took with wrought iron area railings, or behind place along Perry Road and Colston Street. short front gardens. Colston Hall, the re-built Foster’s Almshouses, the Synagogue, St Michael on 7.2.8 Georgian buildings are characterised by their the Mount Primary School and the King Classical proportions and details and quality David Hotel are all bold Victorian/Edwardian materials, either stucco render or ashlar Bath introductions. Stone. A number have rusticated ground floors with plain ashlar stone above. Window heights generally diminish up an
34 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
7.3 ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS
7.3.1 St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps has a rich variety of architectural detail, reflecting the varied architectural styles of the Conservation Area. The preservation of so many traditional architectural details in St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps contributes to the special interest of the area. The variety of windows, doors and roofs enliven the area and give variety and interest to the street scene. Most commonly Classical details are used in porches, windows, door Figure 32: Synagogue, Park Row surrounds, cornices and parapets, which provide vital alleviation to the stucco or brick facades. 7.2.12 As the Frome was culverted in the late 19th century, this spurred the re-development of 7.3.2 It is important that architectural detail is the area around south Colston Street and protected and preserved, as it is often the Host Street, which are now characterised by factor that gives the plainer buildings their large warehouse/industrial type buildings. character. Particularly in terraces it is the overall consistency of design and detail that gives the character, and loss of detail on one house in a terrace can be damaging to the 20th & 21st Century buildings whole group 7.2.13 More modern introductions tend to be 7.3.3 Variety in scale and detailing in some located around Colston Street and Rupert buildings reflects the more piecemeal type Street and occasional infill on Lower Park of development that occurred in streets such Row and St Michael’s Hill. A large extension as Christmas Steps and Lower Park Row. to Colston Hall is currently under construction. Roof Profiles
Original architectural features, materials and 7.3.4 Roof profiles are fundamental to the detail are vital to the quality of individual architectural character of a building or buildings and the character of the group, and contribute greatly to the Conservation Area. Policy B16 encourages character of an area. Alterations at roof level the consideration of traditional architectural can consequently have a significant impact elements that contribute to the overall on an individual building and the wider design in a group of historic buildings. context. 7.3.5 Chimney stacks and pots form striking and important features when seen against the skyline and they are usually significant to the architectural design of a building. Replacement or removal of chimney pots and stacks on listed buildings requires consent, and is discouraged on any buildings in the Conservation Area.
35 7.3.6 Windows and Doors are crucial in 7.3.8 Doors and surrounds are the most establishing the character of a building’s elaborately detailed element of the facades. elevation. Original doors and windows, In St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps there including their detailing, materials and are a variety of original 6-panel doors with method of opening make a significant traditional door furniture. These have a contribution to the character of the variety of limestone Classical surrounds and Conservation Area. some have elaborate shell-hoods, for example no. 67 St Michael’s Hill. 7.3.7 Typically, Georgian windows in St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps are single glazed, double hung, timber sashes, recessed within the window reveal and painted white. Sashes are usually six-over-six, though there are variations to this pattern. Victorian windows are heavier, one-over-one timber sashes with moulded window horns (seen particularly at the north end of St Michael’s Hill).
Figure 34: No. 96 St Michael’s Hill: Typical Georgian window and door details: six-over-six timber sash window; six panel door with decorative fanlight and Lime stone door surround Figure 33: Unusual ‘Gothic’ window, the Old Rectory, Lower Park Lane 7.3.9 Fanlights, a means of providing internal hallways with additional light, are generally semicircular and appear in various ornate styles.
36 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
7.3.10 Regular maintenance and painting or 7.4 MATERIALS traditional doors and widows is essential to ensure that problems of decay are not allowed to flourish. Other architectural details of special interest must be retained, 7.4.1 The Conservation Area sits on a bed of and specialist advice sought on repair. (See Carboniferous Quartzitic Sandstone locally Useful Information section.) known as Brandon Hill Grit and Triassic mudstones of the Keupar series (Mercian 7.3.11 Where wholesale replacement is needed, mudstone). The local stone is most widely the detail of doors and windows must match used in boundary walls and occasionally in the originals in terms of glazing patterns and building e.g at the Red Lodge. (Brandon Hill method of opening. Poor quality Grit, however, was not intended to be a replacement doors and windows have a visible construction material as this would detrimental impact on the integrity of originally have been covered in a traditional individual buildings, and the character of the plaster finish.) conservation area as a whole (see Negative Features). 7.4.2 Other predominant building materials in an area are imported, albeit from local sources. Pennant stone came from quarries in east Bristol, near Stapleton. Limestone may have come from Clifton, where it was quarried near the Downs. The very finest Oolithic limestone, used in the most prestigious buildings, usually came from Bath. 7.4.3 Building materials not only give texture and interest to individual buildings, they also characterise an area. The strong material palette seen in St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps unites the area and also gives an indication of building ages and patterns of development. Where recent infills and new developments have failed to respect the dominant palette, this undermines the character of the area as a whole.
Any proposal should take into account the character of its context. Applications for alterations to a Listed Building or its curtilage that fail to preserve the building, its features or setting will not be permitted. Policies B17, B18, B19, B20
37 7.5 TOWNSCAPE DETAILS 7.5.6 Schemes to restore the traditional street surface would greatly enhance the character of the area and promote its historic context. Continued maintenance of street surface, 7.5.1 Other features and details in the townscape particularly setts, is vital as these easily also contribute to a sense of local become dislodged and can present distinctiveness. These can range from difficulties to pedestrians and non-ambulant distinctive boundary treatments and street users. furniture, to trees and hard landscaping. Individually and collectively they contribute 7.5.7 A cohesive plan for the future of street to the overall quality of Bristol’s streetscape. surfaces, that reduces the hotchpotch treatments, whilst considering maintenance, 7.5.2 The St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps is would greatly enhance the local rich in local townscape details that environment. Where the opportunity arises, cumulatively give interest and quality to the a scheme to restore the traditional street street scene and make a positive surfaces would greatly enhance the routes contribution to the character and where it has been lost. appearance of the area. Where they remain, these details must be preserved or replaced with their modern equivalents as their degradation and disappearance gradually Railings and Boundary Treatments undermines the quality of the area (see 7.5.8 Railings and boundary walls contribute Negative Features below). significantly to the character of the St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps. They add interest and variety of scale in the street Historic Street Surfaces scene and provide a sense of enclosure. Where they remain, traditional boundary 7.5.3 Traditional surface treatments such as setts walls, gates, gate piers and railings must be and paving can be important elements in the preserved, sympathetically restored or townscape of an area. Paving, if well reinstated as and when the opportunity maintained and in high quality materials, arises. contributes greatly to the character of an area, providing the backdrop to surrounding buildings. Their maintenance and retention is essential.
Figure 35: Figure 36: Original Traditional Pennant wrought iron stone paving along railings, St St Michael’s Hill Michael’s Hill
38 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
Street Furniture 7.5.9 St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps has a fascinating collection of historic street furniture, some of which is listed. Street furniture, including letter boxes, lamp standards, and other details, enlivens the street scene but also reflects the history of the area. Cast iron lamp posts, lanterns and iron support brackets made in Bristol foundries should be preserved in situ, where appropriate. Figure 38: Lantern and street sign to the little-known Gloucester Place, off St Michael’s Hill
7.5.10 The appropriate maintenance, protection and reinstatement of traditional street furniture important to preserving the character and appearance of Conservation Areas, as is the need to prevent modern street clutter detracting from its setting.
Shopfronts and Public Houses 7.5.10 Traditional or quality shopfronts are of great importance in contributing to the character and appearance of both individual buildings and the conservation area as a whole, and can be of historic and architectural interest in their own right. 7.5.11 The St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps Conservation Area has a fine collection of original and traditional shopfronts of various ages. The most interesting collection area in the lower portion, south of St Michael’s Hill; though a cluster also exist at the northern extremity of the Conservation Area as well as those along Perry Road.
Figure 37: Traditional lampstandards along Christmas Steps
39 Local Townscape Details are shown on Map 7.
The loss of private planting, the removal of boundary walls and railings, the introduction of car parking into traditional front garden areas, and the loss or replacement of traditional signage, street lighting, paving and street furniture can all adversely affect the character of the historic environment and will generally not be acceptable. Policy B15 (I – III) should be consulted.
Figure 39: Historic shopfront at no. 60 Colston Street
Figure 40: Victorian shopfront at no. 2 Upper Maudlin Street
7.5.12 The Conservation Area contains an interesting collection of public houses, ranging from the Three Sugar Loaves at the bottom of Christmas Steps, the Scotchman and His Pack, St Michael’s Hill, The Robin Hood, St Michael’s Hill The Ship, Lower Park Row, and the Griffin, Colston Street. The names of public houses in some instances reflects the historic trades or old street names in their locality.
40 0 M
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s 1 o a h V R S a R O e 5 E 3 t o te 1 1 m g n P E J a N tu 5 e t 3 r P 4 G 4 r 8 Chy t S e 9 S e 2 U rs W u 1 n T R T g 36.3m W 1 e 11 o o O 1 R West Gate E . 3 e C s 0 o g R 9 r E m 3 3 a K 4 E g e 6 7 d n R P d lt R 3 E El Sub Sta i 8 l y A H 5 T U a S P r e n T b e h S iv n R 7 3 e E e s S 2 9 rs d 2 Shelter Y 8 4 it 9 W Club n u 0 y O 5 o A J R L W o G t - at o H U 2 A L i e 0 S 9 s Ps e r Q t 2 - 4 k T o 6 H e g 4 1 d ce s E 31 1 0 o a 5 E 2 1 1 L l 2 n R 3 P 2 P i 4 19 5 e ff 1 T 7 C i 3 2 1 1 h r ) S 3 2 s 3 3 E E 2 1 2 T G H T U 1 P S N N43.0m 0 ( 5 A O 3 E 3 1 2 V 25 2 E 9 H L 2 41.5m C 1 3 4 A 29 7 2 St Giles Ct L T A KEY L E 5 L 6 T Esso Building 1 E 8 44.5m P E Z 1 E 4 E 1 e R E 0 d B T PA LB 6 3 Chapel 3 A G PH RK G R 3 S RO 0 o House T ll C u W 10a 1 l L D t o ey h ild K 12 il O O 1 S t a h R H L m al A D D 7 b l P w e G 2 TCB The R m e rs 4 4 e 8 2 E 4 2 Cast Iron Curb Edge1 A 4 s 2 . h Red Lodge 2 o H u t y S t 4 - St Gile's Gate e 7 t T C 2 o 1 n 8 a 3 o R 1 N Colston 33 (site of) 11 Guildhall 30 St 2 H 1 E E M TCBs 3 E R o 1 t P T T 10 4 H 3 1 3 Historic/Traditional9 Shopfront or Surround 2 2 3 0 Creswick Ho 2 1to53 9 9.4m PH 16 Co 4 to 1 1 ls The Panoramic s 7 ( to 7 17.7m r E Quay re n 1 e Head m 's lt U Historic/Traditional Street Furniturea H 2 e House in S N s ou o t h E S o s 1 n M S M f e th a V A ) 6 a R e ry A L 1 t C Q LS Multistorey S N 5 C u E 1 T h a War 2 b 1 u y O U R 6 1 Car Park rc T Historic/Traditional3 Street SurfaceE 6 u h Memorial N E 0 S t 5 o Irving House S E T L L l 2 Presby V Crown Court 3 E 2 E O A 2 6 C O Colston Hall N S 2 e O N t 3 s S W e A u r ImportantT Boundary Treatment t ) T e o 7 S f R r H n b L o S L u 's T e D r r E Friary DFn O e T A g e C s 6 h 5 e E Site of C r E N ' n R n u s 8 i o P E ( g T (Carmelite) o c 9 s C n S t l(s H 2 ite h 2 E s l 1 u 7 D l Treesa thatE add value to the street scene o r to o 1 c 37 E R W N f) h A C l S Colston ' H 19.8m y S Te rr y H o us e S L El e it C 5 u L C Statue Shelters 5 This map is reproduced from Ordnance survey material E Sub N h C S o b T 6 W E T T 6 m with the permission5 of ordnance Survey on behalf S E Sta R e R E R R 7 o m 2 s ta E R T Conservation Area of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery office u P T Unite House E o e o P S E m r ©Crown Copyright.5 Unauthorised reproduction infringes H Eagle House 1 c 0 U 1 s i 7 lk T 7 a 4 Crown copyright and may lead tto civil proceedings. o 5 L l F Posts E Bank Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2008. s 4 ' 1 O n 51 9 Folk 16.5m N PH 4 N e 7 House P O h A 6 I T E e 1 P T David Bishop, Director.p R ts 2 E E U e s 2 L PH s 4 8 L S E t u AD 1 4 Po A L N S o 4 4 0 N R Planning, Transport and Sustainable Development N 4 E O E t H 0 T V S E 9 4 4 C S PH St Stephen's 3 2 36 A T 4 C 5 P Brunel House, St Georges Road, E o IP N Church 37 E 7 H l E L Colston Tower TR 38 2 091827364.5 o le AN S O Bristol BS1 5UY. 5 S 08-113 u g E 13.7mT PH T 3 4 3 N s e 2 R 5 C e A S S 3 9 L T 1 33 O 4 8 U 1 U 8 S C 36 Meters O T 30.2m 3 G 2 1 L O 0 7 E 3 V 3 8 U C 1 P R 1 a E E H 9 4 5 S E 2 C 9 1 R Amelia Court ) 0 4 U l N ´12.2m H T f Bank Unite House 7 1 l ' S TCBs 1 I 1 Bradley 6 SA A N N a o T R 0 P V t TCBs E House e 2 Amelia EA e t H R e D T 2 W E a 3 h E 1 1 'RS V s 8 7 G I E r N 2 L Culver House c 8 A E 2 Court y 's t A A t 4 d L E 2 u 5 r ) T a V 5 R 2 D i U 2 a of o 1 T 2 o 3 n Bank S H E N C E o e ) t S 8.8m 6 2 e it N 3 E Burke c L s 0 T e H 0 11.6m ( 1 ( 3 D 2 . O PH 2 t R h (P 2 U R S E T E A T E H S C L T R O O C 7.6 UNLISTED BUILDINGS OF MERIT
7.6.1 St Michael’s Hill & Christmas steps contains an extremely high concentration of listed buildings, reflective of the quality of the environment. Listed properties tend to comprise the pre-Georgian, Georgian and early Victorian terraces. 7.6.2 Unlisted buildings can also make an important contribution to the character and quality of an area. This may be due to their value within the townscape, their architectural qualities or local historic and cultural associations. 7.6.3 ‘Unlisted Buildings of Merit’ are considered to make a positive contribution to the special interest of the Conservation Area and their demolition or unsympathetic alteration will normally be resisted.
Building Types (Listed Buildings, Unlisted Buildings of Merit, Negative and Neutral Buildings) are identified on Map 8.
42 E B D r is A t R H o T se C A l EE u L P 2 0 o H R Ho E 6 s o ST er V N 1 p m D ez E it N en l DO s W a o 1 LA b 2 N w O l e 4 RT E 3 1 e 2 o PO 12 TE D 7 p 82 y R M S 8 a sle R le G 5 th ng e A il N i 1 T i s C v I c 92 E K ou E K 2 8 RE H a 2 2 The Lodge ST S
1 0 8 9 ND 7 LA 3 1 to 30 1 RT 4 M Map 8 O lk o Knightstone The Ark P a 17 t O 62.2m a 6 79 e W House 1 N t
7 1 2 ton 6 15 8 0 T 2 S o ts 5 4 2 2 A 8 b St Michael'st Hill and Christmasigh 4 1 Steps Conservation5 0 G Areaa u 7 72.5m n 2 0 3 24 K 3 U 5 S 2 Henrietta 5 l 1 2 E E 6 Playground House PH 3 H 3 1 4 13 1 a 3 IL 6 2 4 3 8 L o 6 T 6 1 m 6 t EE n 2 9 9 3 5 R rk o 2 8 . 2 22 9 ST o la s 1 7 TA Y il n la 27 7 c 5 a 2 ET V la il 28 2 6 3 1 5 1 RI l V b1 0 6 57 BuildingEN TypesA 6 1 8 2 3 H 1 2 22 ta 9 o S 3 t b T 2 2 1 u 6 3 EE 5 rt 20 S 4 6 R 53.0m H ou El 53 4 6 ST 2 P C 6 TA 4 ly 6 7 T M 3 l 2 IE 4 o 1 o 0 43 NR 2 1 n 8 1 e H 4 A E 8 9 1 t 9 s to H t E 1 a to 1 L o d D g u F 3 C u 1 o R 3 9 2 N e 5 H 7 A LB 1 E E 2 c H 6 5 L T i a 3 D 2 ll in 32 3 Colston Fort P 5 1 S l E P 0 1 b E ro E 2 2 C 0 L L 3 1 W 0 a A 5 I A 1 4 C L T 7 U C L P T 0 C a U S E 9 7 G 2 1 1 4 L 6 E 1 W C A 1 E 5 N 4 High E 1 2 M 9 E T 9 1 6 R P N K 1 A 3 A R 5 L Kingsdown 7 b 8 4 1 7 2 O c A 7 C 3 U 8 0 1 P 8 1 2 1 0 S L 5 M e 1 H 1 3 2 5 L S s a T L 5 4 u 0 U A 5 1 T o 1 7 1 O D 5 R 1 H YN PH 2 3 8 t 0 S T E e 1 T
1 s E a 1 1 r E t 9 6 3 4 w E T S The Bell e o 1 2 PH b m t 1 ie R 4 8 23 u (PH) o 1 Rose Cottage V T 9 l S S S E 66.8m 3 th E 2 A u V 7 1 L 1 o 16 S 7 F 1 8 1 S O t D r 1 R 0 9 1 a 9 E 8 4 d 5 6 Playground 1 7 1 l D 1 in T 1 1 to 5 E 1 P S 2 g E L Priors Close T 1 a 0 15 8 s R a M 4 7 T 1 A 4 8 M 0 Y S 1 C O 1 d R E 1 1 TCB IC 3 7 1 1 E KINGSDOWN 7 0 N 4 H 8 9 2 K 3 1 T H 1 a T L 2 A I A E A E G G E E W 68.0m C 1 H L R h U T g A E 2 B 1 'S 1 S Alfred u L U 6 3 UL 12 1 o P H 9 H Court 4 1 r e L I R I PA o s L ts L Y L b u I a L 2 1 L a B rl o H l 7 V 2 M a H F S I 1 5 5 H O H L 3 4 M G e m L 5 2 . u 0 U IG A S 7 U g 2 0 T A TCB 5 O Works and a 1 . H S L m t o 9 H B IL R Building Dept n t 2 V 9 1 O o 1 U 5 1 B M M R Y 1 L B Y R University of Bristol 5 M U PH R V B School of Veterinary El 1 M A o I H 1 8 Sub Sta 3 A M r L IG 3 Science T R e L 1 L t A H E B o 1 E O n S 9 ks 6 R R ts C r T O a e o S U l o g W L 5 G F t 2 a 6 t tt g L H e 2 a 0 o n D n C ti 24 A E H e 1 g ft in 1 O W I g o e r 1 R L t ro H 4 L u c P 2 E 3 1 y L T 8 E46.0m E a 3 1 T T M 1 R U 8 C E Y O A E M S L R 1 P T 1 E S 8 A 6 St Michael's L G E 3 F A N 1 Hospital 3 R T E 2 E T ts 1 D a G S N O l U LA H 4 C F 1 L H u I 2 E 1 VI L h E o r 2 L 1 s g School of N m th Chy R 1 e l e 9 u O a nu 2 B 4 s e 2 o S e y ve r 1 Nursing O ' H r 4 A 7 6 c to 3 t m o o 1 li a Tank ec 6 lb t b r p r 1 Pu bo ros .4 a a 8 P 6 M 35 73.8m L 3 3 M D 61.3m B
A
T O P E R 6 r H E E 7 o ET R D o s D RE p A ST T L u 29.6m S s e R E c I e A H L t P G L F U 8 E D O 2 R R RK W E Mast O A 1 O R P 0 H LB H F 'S 0 T R L University Library U L A AE 9 A M H 6 O 7 IC a S Posts 2 T M 72.2m 26 S 9 9 4 40 6 University of Bristol 9 Dorothy Hodgkin Building 2 6 Southwell 4 ry House a m 7 8 ir 72.2m 7 8 f In l a W Bank StMichael's y H ESS 8 o I 7 8 2 Hospital lace R Posts T 3 4 Bedford P l S o O 8 T t h 2 s N lt E a E i 21.9m ea U 4 r LB S H EN 2 E B T d V 2 R R an A 2 E L T ise L E c A 7 S er ND 8 T x Y L m t,E T 1 or L 5 p 53.3m E . r S 0 17.4m fo University of Bristol k R 2 e r r R nt a M Bristol Royal Infirmary e E ' B C P s T r e s LB a rs e B C u m C Mortuary N o T H StMichael's Car 2 Hospital Park 6 od 8 Ho UE 2 obin ath) 19.8m N R e (P y E an e r AV L T a LL E m m DA th) R o ir N (Pa R H f Bristol Royal TY ane E ' In d L L s l Infirmary oo L e a in H 2 S s y T Rob 1 7 T r o E R u R E 14.6m E N l 65.8m E o R T t T 5 PH is S B r 6 A B e N l I m n LB L Bristol Dental Hospital L g D O s W o h U E 7 2 u R 1 o Car Park A 5 g M u M A h s U ' e R D s Manor House E LIN P S (site of) S P TR T U EE Lodge D M T A I Haematology And 23.1m O C Bristol Eye Hospital 74.7m R H Oncology Centre T A H The R E O Chapter House O L F 4 R 'S 2 2
F L 6 1
A 1 H I
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O L 2 L R L Winstone 1 D BLACKFR to Court IARS 1 R l 1 ET C O E Posts s R ' A T rd Depot S a D P nk E Royal Fort a 5 y E T 3 D (site of) t a The ar w Abbots tu e 3 b House 70.7m S us 0 2 u o Gate House 6 S p U H The Education Centre am N 's R I n s V to se Site of E ls u R rt o ho Monastery S Fo C s (Franciscan) I al m T oy se l Whitefriars Y R ou A W H 0 Bristol Royal Hospital for Children
A 1 27.1m 3 Paul O Gorman Building L 9 G K 2 Posts r 2 PH 3 a 4 LC d U u a t e E S 1 S PH 2 c O h L 2 6 o 0 1 AD C E o l M 'S 2 l l 2 Gloucester a INS o D 9 1 2 f 2 Place B EW R 2 6 2 Greyfriars L In A 2 y The 5 8 n t K e 2 S 1 n Tower H ouse r N 3 T h n A 0 e M o s a T e 2 J u t I 5 The io c C o a 6 n l H H Schoolhouse 1 a P A 3 s l k G E 1 in B r 8 Multistorey Car Park a P L 2 w u P 'S e s 1 L i H
n E e IL s Pond N L s h d
9 A rc i 0 u v 1 o L h 1 t C 2 a e 1 1 Manor el's c g H a D n d n University of Bristol ch r i House i g e 8 t e C M t n d a e s C S i i 6 e u R s Y o H K e M U n H U R 4 o H t R 71.0m 2 s Froomsgate
C l C ll 0 o House a H 33.5m
R 9 Hall C 4 S W
E L 8 T 8 ty P A J i 6
P N O C P 8 E Old A U R 0 H R Rectory 6 2 K E 1 9 4 N 1 8 L P 'S A P 8 N 1 The Sugar House B E U 7 R 24 1 1 ID Juvenile and K 5 G R 1 E U Domestic Court A 1 L k P U n to C a 6 T L T D 3 9 3 Hotel L r C 1 a
O f 4 a E s l 4 g HN 2 B 1 7 T e CA C E Nelson L 1 T E r R 1 D TR House H 1 U A S o 8 E 0 Drake H 1 O T u N C R House 5 s R e A Y E H 6 L R R m P 5 C E 4 Statue U R . R R E 4 3 W 3 6 U P 5 7 12 O St Michael onR theH Mount L St B C 2 S CofEPrimarySchoolE t Bartholomews U w P 6 a e B L i O 5 Court n V P H a C r L o r k 61.3m e D U 4 s th of) ow 1 3 p o se T t P 2 it lo C ur o A a m L Court (llco R (ls U a 9 i e 9.4m W K te w ity 5 Frome E H 1 o 's C U I Brewery 2 f Gate ld N L 1 ) 8.8mC O E L 1 2 (site of) s s V a H r A 8 e R n e 1 1 s I e b Jo L 9 u S e h L C A CH 17 1 o S T u m n it A IC RIS h M Q a tl D Tk 25 11 TMA e A h S e N E 24.4m 10 S S t M A C tr 7 T W 9 TEP 20 7 a T S Bank e 7 O aM O 8 S 1 G S S e C St R I T T t K b K Chapel 3 R S e h u R 5 R 'S l S A H h rc E P 1 T E t T C R C E u E Foster's E T n h he L 22 PH h O W E o C T M S LO C Almshouse E B D 7 R J 's e E A 1 O g t t E u y T s rc i O 5 n r S i R l 1 L i t d S
h 9 R 6 p n s p T
a in S o ' 1 1 4 Y e a S n Lunsford House o T g l s t n R T
t s 4 h B N 1 o V R S a a R O e 5 E 3 t o te H 1 m g n P 1 E J N a O t 5 e t P 3 J u r
4 G 4 r 8 Chy t S e 9 S e 2 U 7 r W u 1 n T s T R T 1 g 36.3m W 1 e 11 Q R o 1 R West Gate E . o O 3 s 0 9 e C r m P U o g R 3 3 a K 4 E g e E 6 7 d O n R P d lt R 38 N E El Sub Sta i l y A H 5 r e T C U a P S T KEY M n b e h S S iv n R 7 3 ' e E e s S 2 9 rs d 2 Shelter Y 8 4 R it 9 W Club n u 0 y O 5 o A O R L W o J G t L at o H U A - I 0 2 e i S L s Ps e r Q 9 2 - A 4 k T to 6 H e g 4 T 1 d ce s E 31 1 0 o a 5 E 2 1 1 L l n R 3 P 2 P 2 i 4 Negative Buildings 4 9 5 e ff 1 T 7 C 1 1 i 3 2 3 1 h ) S 3 2 4 s 3 3 r E 4 2 1 2 T G H T PH 62 1 N 4 P S 5 9 60 43.0m 0 ( A B O 3 5 3 1 2 R E 25 2 E 9 H L 2 O 0 U 41.5m C 1 3 4 29 7 2 St Giles Ct L A N A 6 L D E 5 L T Esso Building 1 Unlisted Buildings of Merit V 8 44.5m P 4 E Z 1 E S A E 1 e T E 0 d B R T PA LB 6 3 Chapel R 3 A G PH RK G 3 E E RO 10 to House T lle C ui L E E W 10a ll L D o y h ld B R 12 i O O 1 S t a h T T H L m al S D D 7 be l w G 2 K 4 TCB The R m e rs 4 e 2 E 4 2 1 Neutral Buildings R 8 A 4 s 2 Red Lodge . 2 h A o u H t P y S t 4 - St Gile's Gate e t 2 T 7 C o 1 n 2 8 3 o R 1 a Colston 33 (site of) 11 Guildhall t N 2 H 30 S E 1 E M TCBs 3 E R o t 1 P T T 10 4 H 3 Listed Buildings 1 3 9 2 2 3 0 Creswick Ho
1to53 2 9 C 9.4m PH 16 o 4 to 1 1 ls The Panoramic s 7 ( to s 7 17.7m r E Quay re n r 1 e m e t HeadList Grade 's U b 2 l House ai H S e N ns o m o t h E S o us a 1 n M S M f e h th a V A ) C 6 a R e ry A L 1 t C Q LS n Multistorey N o 5 C S u E 1 T i h a War 2 R b 1 O I b u y U l 6 1 Car Park rc T 3 E 6 u h Memorial N E A 0 t S 5 o Irving House S E T 2 L L l Presby V Crown Court 3 E O A E 2 6 2 C O N 2 Colston Hall N e O 3 s S A II* e u r T o t T ) 7 S R S H n f L o S L t 's T e D W r Friary DFn O e T A e E C s 6 e 5 e E Site of C r E N r n R n u b 8 i o P E u g T (Carmelite) o 9 ( r n S t (lsc H 2 s g Bank 2 E s l 1 II it h 7 D l a E e 's to o 1 37 E R W N o C A C f) l S Colston y ' h S L H 19.8m t S u Terry Ho use El e i C r 5 u L C Statue Shelters C c 5 b E Sub N h S o h T 6 6 W T E T m 5 S E Sta R e R E R R 7 m 2 s ta E R T Conservation Areao ou P T Unite House E o e P S E m r 5 H Eagle House 1 c U 1 s i 7 0 lk T 7 a 4 15.8m o 5 L l This map is reproduced from Ordnance survey material F Posts E Bank s 4 ' 1 O with the permission of ordnance Survey on behalf n 51 8 9 Folk 16.5m N PH 4 of the controller of Her Majesty's4 Stationery office N e 7 6 House P O h A 4 IP T E p e 1 S 4 ©Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes s E T E s 2 RL PH h t 2 L U te s 4 8 A S E u DA 1 a Crown copyright and may lead4 tto civil proceedings. Po L N S o 4 n 4 0 N R N 4 E O E t H 0 n Bristol City Council. 100023406. 2008. T V S E 9 4 o 4 6 C S PH St Stephen's 3 n 2 3 A T 4 C 5 PIP 7 EE C 7 H o E Colston Tower N Church 3 R 8 o ll LA O T 3 u 2 o e N S 5 S r 4 3 u g E 13.7mT PH T 3 N t s e 2 R 5 C e A S David Bishop, Director. S PH 3 9 L T 1 33 O 4 8 U 1 U 8 S C 36 O T 1 30.2m 3 L 0 G 2 E V O 8 Planning,C Transport and Sustainable Development7 3 3 U 1 P E 02040608010 R 1 a H 9 4 5 2 C 9 S E 1 R Amelia Court 4 ) 0 l N 12.2m Bank H 7 1 T Brunel House, St Georgesl f Road, Unite House TCBs 1 Bradley 'S S 1 I o 6 A A N a T 0 P TCBs V e R 2 Amelia EA e House t R W a 2 Bristol BS1E 5UY. E S 3 MetersD ' s 8 G E t 1 1 RS 7 Court r N 2 T s Culver House e A 2 U y 4 ´ ' E 8 A t 5 rd h 5 2 i u U 2 a f) T 2 V D N S c 1 2 o n o Bank t E C 3 o 5 H o 8.8m 6 E 2 e teT a t T 3 E Burke E c L i 0 3 s 08-141 N 3 3 I ) E 2 . 11 .6m ( PH 1 t ( E L H 0 V 2 S T Club a E 0 5 L H 2 U 4 1 Statue EE P 4 2 e P R 2 A 9 P h ( m E T 1 R H 4 S A 8 T 7 .6T S to ST 2 E Harford 4 N 7 8 E T R D 1 1 4 1 E 2 2 R 3 1E House D a R N 3 34 3 K E R R 4 O A E T 2 L ' Georgian T N A T C S E S SM H 4 E 28 9 C T S 2 x S House T E C 5 10.4m 1 S PH c t B R A L 1 h o R R 5 2 4 T a c E O R O 2 3 2 R n k K O 1 g E M E e T G A C O V E FR E T 7.7 LANDSCAPE 8. NEGATIVE FEATURES
7.7.1 There is no public landscaped space in St 8.1 Negative features are those elements that Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps detract from the special character of a Conservation Area. The only green and conservation area and therefore present an landscaped space that exists comes from the opportunity for enhancement. This can private gardens and forecourts the Church include both small features and larger and Almshouses. Consequently, the buildings and sites. It may be that simple Conservation Area as a whole suffers from a maintenance works can remedy the lack of greenery. situation, reinstate original design or lost architectural features. 7.7.2 There is a fine Tudor knot garden behind the Red Lodge, as well as gardens with trees behind St Bartholomew’s Hospital and behind Lunsford House, those these are Development & Alterations entirely hidden from public view. 8.2 Unsympathetic alterations & loss of 7.7.3 Apart from a few front gardens towards the traditional architectural details – where poor top of St Michael’s Hill on the western side, quality replacement doors and windows or the only other greenery is provided by the roof level extensions have been inserted lawns and gardens of the three sets of these have had a significant and detrimental almshouses; the churchyard of St Michael’s impact on the architectural integrity of Church (currently neglected and overgrown); individual buildings. (The character of the and the landscaped lower playground of St former King David Hotel has been severely Michael’s School. These areas of garden, compromised by the insertion of uPVC albeit private, contribute greatly to the windows.) Roof-level extensions are public realm in a borrowed sense and are particularly detrimental, especially when very precious to the Conservation Area. they interrupt the consistency of a group. 7.7.4 A limited number of trees have been planted along public highways throughout the Conservation Area (shown on the Townscape Details map 7). Further tree-planting would greatly enhance the street-scene and would provide vital greenery in an otherwise entirely built-up area.
Figure 41: No. 148 St Michael’s Hill, insensitive roof extension
44 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
8.3 Unsympathetic infill and over-intensive developments – threaten to undermine the character and special interest of the area. Especially if they ignore predominant scale, materials, local architectural features and traditional building lines. 8.4 Shopfronts & Signage - Poor quality replacement shopfront, internally illuminated or over-size signage can have a dramatic effect on the quality of the street scene as well as being contrary to BCC design guidance. Grossly deepened fascia boards are a particular problem along Park Row, Perry Road and Upper Maudlin Street. Figure 43: Shopfront at no. 19 – 20 Perry Road is in a poor state of repair
8.7 Buildings at Risk – St Michael’s Church is currently redundant and has been vacant for over five years. Various discussions for appropriate re-use have failed and the building is rapidly deteriorating. The Church is currently on three 2008 At Risk Registers: English Heritage, Bristol City Council and The Civic Society.
Figure 42: Over-sized fascia board, Park Row
8.5 Loss of shopfronts as local businesses are changed to residential/corporate uses – this issue is increasing as the area suffers from a general decline in footfall and trade. Shopfronts are a vital architectural feature in the conservation area and provide active ground floors. 8.6 Poor maintenance of buildings – the care and maintenance of individual properties affects the character of the area as a whole. Some shopfronts along Perry Road have seen their Limestone details, stallrisers, pilasters etc. painted, or clad. The important optical- illusion tiles at no. 19 Perry Road are deteriorating rapidly. Figure 44: St Michael on the Mount, currently vacant and in a deteriorating condition
45 8.8 Small-scale accretions - satellite dishes, 8.11 Loss of small businesses -linked to the telephone wires and poles, alarm boxes, air problems above, independent businesses, conditioning units and other minor additions which characterize the area, are struggling have a significant cumulative impact on the and many have closed (there are 78 active character of streets and terraces. Careful retail shops, workshops, cafes and pubs; 17 siting and choice of materials and colours empty shops; 11 shops used as residences; can significantly reduce the impact of these and 13 shops used as offices – i.e 35% of the elements. Redundant wires should be shopfronts are currently inactive). removed. 8.12 Loss of traditional street surfaces or mixture of modern materials – gradually erodes the quality of the public realm. Pennant setts are frequently removed or overlain with tarmac, creating a hotchpotch of materials. Poorly reinstated traditional surfaces or poor maintenance is equally negative and poses a threat to pedestrians.
Figure 45: Insensitively sited air conditioning unit, Lower Park Row
Public Realm Figure 46: Mix of street surfaces, Colston Street 8.9 Traffic – major inner-city traffic is carried by Park Row/Perry Road/Upper Maudlin Street, 8.13 Advertising hoardings – oversized and made worse since the c. 2000 City Centre re- unsympathetically located hoardings detract modelling. The volume of traffic causes significantly from individual buildings, the environmental pollution, noise and deters street scene, and the quality of the wider ‘passing trade’ from stopping at the shops in Conservation Area. Particularly detrimental the Conservation Area. are the hoardings at the top of Colston 8.10 Pedestrian movement - hindered at various Street, along the west end of Perry Road and points, notably at the junction of St on the southern corner of Pipe Lane and Michael’s Hill and Upper Maudlin Street. Trenchard Street. Vital pedestrian desire-lines between the area and other centres, for example the Old City have been severed. This is severely impacting on footfall through the area hindering successful trading and attracting residents.
46 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
Figure 47: Advertising hoardings, Park Row Figure 48: ‘Tagging’ along Lower Church Lane
8.14 Parking issues – being built on a medieval Beyond the Conservation Area street plan of steep, narrow roads on an 8.16 Threat to key views and panoramas into and escarpment, the area has little on-street out of the Conservation Area from new parking provisions. There is an inadequacy developments, particularly in the City Centre. of parking for the Hospital, which overspills into the Conservation Area, particularly 8.17 Large-scale institutional developments – the along St Michael’s Hill. Residents’ parking University and Hospital occupy much of the permits monopolise one-third of the one- land to the east and west of the street parking spaces in the area and Conservation. Pressures for institutional consequently deprive potential shoppers of expansion has seen post-War developments parking. of the 1960s and 70s that significantly undermine the character and appearance of 8.15 Graffiti and ‘Tagging’ - undermines the the Conservation Area, particularly along St quality of the environment and contribute to Michael’s Hill. a sense of decay and neglect in areas. The blank wall and relative quiet of Lower Church Lane, Johnny Ball Lane and Host Street make them attractive areas for ‘tagging’.
Figure 49: St Michael’s Maternity Hospital on east side of St Michael’s Hill blights the setting of the Conservation Area
47 9. MANAGEMENT PROPOSALS Potential Action • With applications for new development, encourage high-quality design and 9.1 It is expected that the effective management materials, sensitive to the character or of the St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps appearance of the Conservation Area, can, for the most part, be met through an through positive use of existing effective policy framework and the positive development control powers. use of existing development control and enforcement powers. The analysis of the • Seek enforcement action against any character and appearance of the breach of planning permissions or Conservation Area within the new Character conditions where there is a negative Appraisal therefore identifies those elements impact on the character or appearance of the Council will seek to protect, as well as the Conservation Area. negative features, which may present • Ensure that predominant scale, materials, opportunities for change or enhancement. details and building lines are respected in 9.2 The following table provides a list of line with BLP/LDF policies and findings proposals related specifically to those within the Conservation Area Character features identified as ‘negative’ in Section 8. Appraisal. The implementation of the proposed • Increase awareness of conservation issues Potential Actions may depend on the and understanding of the character of the existing and future financial and staff Conservation Area through promotion of resources that Bristol City Council Conservation Area Character Appraisals. departments work within. Negative Feature Poor quality shopfronts & signage Negative Feature Potential Action Unsympathetic alterations and loss of traditional architectural details • Where a breach of planning control has occurred, seek enforcement action against Potential Action unauthorised removal/alteration of • Where consent is required, resist shopfronts or signage that has a negative unsympathetic alterations and loss of impact on the character or appearance of traditional architectural details through the Conservation Area. positive use of existing development • Encourage appropriate reinstatement or control powers. sympathetic shopfront and signage design • Encourage appropriate reinstatement of (following guidance in Policy Advice Note traditional architectural details in future 8) in future development control development control negotiations. negotiations. • Seek enforcement action against • Investigate the possibility of updating unauthorised removal of traditional existing shopfront/advertisement design architectural details where a breach of guidance. planning control has occurred. Negative Feature Negative Feature Loss of shopfronts as businesses change to Unsympathetic infill and over intensive residential/corporate uses developments Potential Action
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• Where planning permission is granted for • Seek enforcement action against material change of use, seek the retention unauthorised siting of satellite dishes, air or reinstatement of traditional shopfront conditioning units, etc. where a breach of surrounds through development control planning control has occurred and the item negotiations. has a negative impact on the character or appearance of the Conservation Area. • Seek enforcement action against unauthorised change of use or removal of • Increase awareness of conservation issues a shopfront where a breach of planning and understanding of the character of the control has occurred and there is a Conservation Area through promotion of negative impact on the character or Conservation Area Character Appraisals. appearance of the Conservation Area. Negative Feature • Investigate the possibility of updating existing shopfront design guidance (Policy Traffic & Pedestrian Movement Advice Note 8). Potential Action • Increase awareness of conservation issues • Encourage schemes to improve historic link and understanding of the character of the from Christmas Steps Rupert Street to the Conservation Area through promotion of Old City and other links in negotiations for Conservation Area Character Appraisals. Section 106 contributions Negative Feature Negative Feature Poor maintenance of buildings & Buildings Loss of small businesses at Risk Potential Action Potential Action • Encourage increased footfall to and • Seek improvements to poorly maintained through the Conservation Area through buildings or land by negotiation through improved signage and links with the City the development control process. Centre and other commercial centres • Use Section 215 Notices more effectively to Negative Feature improve quality of built environment by the Planning, Private Sector Housing or Loss of traditional street surfaces Environmental Health Teams. Potential Action • Investigate possibility of serving Section 54 Urgent Works Notices on listed buildings in • Co-ordinate with Highways Department to poor repair, and consider use on unlisted encourage retention/reinstatement of buildings, where appropriate. setts, stone kerbing, Pennant paving etc; subject to those materials being ‘fit for Negative Feature purpose’. Small-scale accretions* • Encourage like-for-like replacement, provided material is ‘fit for purpose’, where Potential Action damage to street surface occurs. • Encourage removal or redundant wires, • Where wholesale replacement is required, alarm boxes and other accretions, where co-ordinate with Highways to ensure appropriate, in future development control consistency and quality of alternative negotiations. material.
49 • Increase awareness of conservation issues Conservation Area through promotion of and understanding of the character of the Conservation Area Character Appraisals in Conservation Area through promotion of order to minimise damage to historic fabric Conservation Area Character Appraisals. caused by graffiti. Negative Feature Negative Feature Advertising hoardings Threat to key views into and out of Conservation Area Potential Action Potential Action • Seek enforcement action against unauthorised advertising hoardings that • Where applications for new development have a negative impact on the character or arise, ensure development is sensitive to appearance of the Conservation Area, the character and appearance of either within the Conservation Area or that Conservation Areas through positive use of affect its setting. existing development control powers. • Where an advertising hoarding with • Seek enforcement action against deemed consent detracts from the unauthorised development or signage that character and/or appearance of the has a detrimental impact on the character Conservation Area, investigate removal of the Conservation Area, where a breach through negotiation or taking by of planning control has occurred. Discontinuance Action. • Increase awareness of conservation issues • Investigate possibility of undertaking a and understanding of the character of the City-wide strategy for assessing advertising Conservation Area through promotion of hoardings that have a negative impact on Conservation Area Character Appraisals. the character or appearance of Conservation Areas. Negative Feature Negative Feature Large-scale institutional developments Parking Issues Potential Action Potential Action • Work with University and Hospital to ensure sensitivity and quality of future re- • Co-ordinate with Highways Department to development schemes investigate possibility of introducing measures to improve more wide-spread • Work within bounds of pre-agreed Master provisions for on-street parking. Plans for these institutions Negative Feature Graffiti and ‘Tagging’ Potential Action • Co-ordinate with Street Scene Enforcement Team, local police, and Clean and Green Team to ensure action is taken against graffiti/tagging that is in breach of BCC’s Graffiti Policy. • Increase awareness of conservation issues and understanding of the character of the
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10. STATEMENT OF COMMUNITY • How to get involved and make INVOLVEMENT representations on the findings • Details on how and when to make representations 10.1 Prior to document drafting an initial public Copies of the draft document were available meeting was held on 01 July 2008. This to take away from the meeting. meeting advised: 10.5 The second meeting was advertised in a • What a character appraisal is and why BCC Bristol Evening Post notice (13 August 2008), undertakes them a BCC Press Release (26 August 2008), the • The general format for character appraisals BCC and in a circular to all properties within and the national guidance followed the Christmas Steps Arts Quarter (Residents & Traders) area. A letter/e-mail (05 August • The types of features that make a 2008) was written to all who expressed an conservation area special interest during the first-stage consultation notifying of the meeting. The draft • The types of features that detract from a character appraisal was available to conservation area download from the BCC website along with • The importance of reviewing boundaries, details of the public consultation and ways and identifying unlisted buildings of merit to make representations. • The projected timescale for the document 10.5 This second public consultation period closed production on 01 October 2008. • Details on how and when to make 10.6 A separate letter 03 September was sent to representations and contact officers all properties in the proposed boundary extension areas welcoming feedback. The 10.2 This meeting was advertised in the Bristol deadline to make representations was 01 Evening Post (16 June 2008) and on the October 2008. Bristol City Council and via the Christmas Steps Arts Quarter (Residents & Traders) 10.7 Walk-abouts and three separate meeting monthly meeting. were also held with a steering group made up of members of the Christmas Steps Arts 10.3 The first-stage public consultation ran until Quarter (Residents & Traders) Association 01 August 2008. and the Kingsdown Conservation Group (26 10.4 Once the draft document had been June, 14 July, 21 July 2008). An additional compiled, a second public meeting was held meeting was held with Dorothy Brown of on 03 September 2008. This meeting Bristol on 7 July 2008. advised: 10.8 In addition, BCC’s Landscape Design, • What a character appraisal is and why BCC Strategic & Citywide Policy, Central West undertakes them Area Planning Team, Conservation Advisory Panel, Central Area Planning Committee, • The general format for character appraisals English Heritage and other statutory bodies and the national guidance followed were consulted. • The main findings within the document: 10.9 The St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps Streets & Spaces, Views, Landmark Character Appraisal is available to down-load Building, Unlisted Buildings of Merit, and from the BCC website at: Building Ages etc. www.bristol.gov.uk/conservation or to purchase from the Planning Service Desk • The proposed boundary changes
51 11. LOCAL GUIDANCE, PUBLICATIONS & For advice on alterations to buildings or new SOURCES OF FURTHER INFORMATION development within the St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps, contact:
North & West Area Planning Team Further information on the St Michael’s Hill & Planning Services Division Christmas Steps Conservation Area can be sought Bristol City Council from: Brunel House St George’s Road • Leech, R H The St Michael’s Hill Precinct of Bristol the University of Bristol Bristol Record BS1 5UY Society, 2000 • BCC Bristol Urban Archaeological Tel: 0117 922 3097 Assessment Second Draft, June 2005 Fax: 0117 922 3417 • The Christmas Steps Arts Quarter (Residents The St Michael’s Hill & Christmas Steps will form & Traders) Association part of the emerging Local Development www.christmasstepsartsquarter.com Framework and should be considered within the context of existing Supplementary Planning www.christmasstepsartsquarter.co.uk Guidance (SPGs), Supplementary Planning Documents (SPDs), and Planning Advice Notes (PANs) including: For further information on Conservation Area Character Appraisals or Conservation issues in 1 City Centre Strategy and Action Plan general, contact: 2 SPD 7 ‘Archaeology and Development’ 3 PAN 6 – Off-street Residential Parking in Urban Design & Conservation Conservation Areas Planning Services Division 4 PAN 7 – Conservation Policies Bristol City Council 5 PAN 8 – Shopfront Design Guides Brunel House 6 PAN 15 – Responding to Local Character – A St George’s Road Design Guide Bristol BS1 5UY Bristol’s Environmental Access Standards, 2006 should also be used by those who are planning, Tel: 0117 922 3097 designing and implementing schemes in the built Fax: 0117 922 3101 environment. E-mail: [email protected] Bristol City Council’s planning policies are set out Adopted and consultation draft Character in the adopted Bristol Local Plan (BLP) 1997 and Appraisals and details of the programme for 2003 Proposed Alterations to the Local Plan. These reviewing Conservation Areas can be viewed on- documents can viewed on-line at line at www.bristol.gov.uk/conservation www.bristol.gov.uk/planning
52 ST MICHAEL’S HILL & CHRISTMAS STEPS - CHARACTER APPRAISAL
Further information on listed buildings, The Victorian Society Conservation Areas, and guidance on character 1 Priory Gardens appraisals can be obtained from: Bedford Park London W4 1TT English Heritage (Head Office) 1 Waterhouse Square Tel: 020 8994 1019 138 – 142 Holborn www.victorian-society.org.uk London EC1N 2ST
General Enquiries: 020 7973 3000 www.english-heritage.org.uk
English Heritage (South West) 29 Queen Square Bristol BS1 4ND
Tel: 0117 950 0700
For technical guidance relating to historic buildings erected before 1714 and statutory consultee, contact:
The Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings (SPAB) 37 Spital Square London E1 6DY
Tel: 020 7377 1644 www.spab.org.uk
Local Branch SPAB – Bristol & Bath Group Local secretary: contact SPAB London
The Georgian Group 6 Fitzroy Square London W1T 5DX Tel: 0871 750 2936 www.georgiangroup.org.uk
53 12. GLOSSARY OF TERMS Classical A revival or return to the principles or Greek or Roman architecture and an attempt to return to the rule of artistic law and order. Begun in Britain Accretions c. 1616 and continued up to the 1930s A gradual build-up of small additions and layers Console Bath Stone An ornamental bracket with a curved profile and Even grained, poorly fossiliferous, light usually of greater height than projection brown/cream coloured, oolitic limestone. Quarried in the Bath area Corbel A projecting block, usually of stone, supporting a Bay beam or other horizontal member A vertical division of the exterior of a building marked by fenestration, an order, buttresses, roof Cornice compartments etc. In Classical architecture, the top projecting section of an entablature. Also any projecting ornamental Bay Window moulding along the top of a building, wall, arch An angular or curved projecting window etc., finishing or crowning it
Butterfly Roof Dormer Window A roof formed by two gables that dip in the A window placed vertically in a sloping roof and middle, resembling butterfly’s wings. The roofs with a roof of its own. Name comes from French were particularly popular in Britain during the to sleep 19th century, as they have no top ridges and were usually concealed on the front façade by a parapet. Double Roman Tile The roof gave the illusion of a flat roof A large rectangle roof tile with an upstand on one side, a roll in the centre and another roll on the Canted other side, which fits over the upstand of the Term describing part, or segment, of a façade, adjacent tile. which is at an angle to another part of the same façade Dressings Stone worked into a finished face, whether smooth Cast Iron or moulded, and used around an angle, window, or An iron-based alloy containing more than 2% any feature carbon. The molten iron is poured into a sand or cast mould rather than hammered into shape. Entablature This allows for regular and uniform patterns and The upper part of an order, consisting of architrave, high degrees of detail. The finished product is frieze, and cornice chunkier, though more brittle, than wrought iron. Escarpment Chimney Stack A steep slope or long cliff that results from erosion Masonry or brickwork containing several flues, or faulting and separates two relatively level areas projecting above the roof and terminating in of differing elevations. chimney pots Fanlight Civil War A window, often semi-circular, over a door in The English Civil War consisted of a series of armed Georgian and Regency buildings, with radiating conflicts and political machinations between glazing bars suggesting a fan. Or any window over Parliamentarians and Royalists 1642 - 1651. a door to let light into the room or corridor beyond
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Fascia Parapet A horizontal piece (such as a board) covering the A low wall, placed to protect from a sudden drop – joint between the top of a wall and the projecting often on roofs – and a distinctive feature of Classical eaves; also called fascia board. Also the wide architecture board of a shopfront, usually carrying its name. Pediment Fenestration A Classical architectural element consisting of a The arrangement of windows in a building’s façade triangular section or gable found above the entablature, resting on columns or a framing Gable structure The upper portion of a wall at the end of a pitched roof; can have straight sides or be shaped or Pennant Stone crowned with a pediment (known as a Dutch Hard, fine-grained, blue/grey coloured sandstone. Gable) Quarried in South Wales and the Bristol area and commonly used, throughout the country, as a stone Georgian roofing or street surface material The period in British history between 1714-1830 and the accession of George I and death of George Pitched Roof IV. Also includes the Regency Period, defined by A roof consisting of two halves that form a peak in the Regency of George IV as Prince of Wales during the middle where they meet the madness of his father George III Portland Stone Gothic A light coloured limestone from the Jurassic period, A style of European architecture, particularly quarried on the Isle of Portland in Dorset associated with cathedrals and churches, that Sash Window began in 12th century France. The style focused on A window formed with sliding glazed frames letting light into buildings and so emphasizes running vertically verticality, glass, and pointed arches. A series of Gothic revivals began in mid 18th century. Setts Rectangular paving stones with curved top, different Hipped Roof to cobblestones which are created by being worn A roof with sloped instead of vertical ends smooth by water over time; setts however are man Jetty made. In timber-framed building the projection of an Stallriser upper storey beyond the story below A key element in a traditional shopfront, usually wood, which protects the lower part of the Lightwell shopfront and encloses the shop window and A shaft built into the ground to let light into a entrance building’s interior at basement level Victorian Mansard Roof Period often defined as the years of Queen Victoria’s Name taken from the French architect Francois reign (1837-1902), though the Reform Act of 1832 is Mansart. Normally comprises a steep pitched roof often taken as the start of this new cultural era with a shallower secondary pitch above and partially hidden behind a parapet wall. The design Wrought Iron allows extra accommodation at roof level Made by iron being heated and plied by a blacksmith using a hammer and anvil. Pre-dates cast iron and Pantile enjoyed a renaissance during the revival periods of A roof tile of a curved S-shape section. the late 19th century. Wrought iron is not as brittle as cast and seldom breaks
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