a Fifteen Cents Copy .

MessengerThe

GARVEYISM AND ANARCHISM

ENGLAND IS UP TO HER OLD

TRICKS AGAIN

BY J. COGDELL

THE HUMAN HAND THREAT

BY A. PHILIP RANDOLPH October . 192.2.1 THE MESSENGER

Royal Theatre THE HUMAN 15th & SOUTH STS . PHILADELPHIA TRIANGLE The Most Handsome Colored Last month we inlouced that a series of Photoplay House in articles on

America . “ LOVE , MARRIAGE

AND DIVORCE "

would be berun in the Xmas issue by Chandler Owen

A flood of letters have poured into this Stands in a class by itself in Philadelphia . Prominent for the high class Photoplays office asking shown here and the high grade music fur nished by our $30,000 Moller Organ . “ What does Chandler Owen know

about these weighty subjects ?

" Why did you select an unmarried - CO OPERATION member of the staff for these For information on organizing co -operative societies apply to themes ? ” CO - OPERATIVE LEAGUE OF AMERICA 167 West 12th Street New York THERE'S A REASON THE MESSENGER Don't miss these rich interpretations written in a serious vein , frescoed Monthly by Published the groined MESSENGER PUBLISHING CO ., Inc and carved and in Owen's Main Office : 2305 Seventh Avenue , New York . inimitable style , embellished with Telephone , Morningside 1996 exquisite imagery , and breathing $1.50 per Year 15c. per Copy the breath of simon pure philoso COURSE $2 Outside U. S. 20. Outside U. S. phy ! " It's a gift " -the way Owen VOL . IV . OCTOBER , 1922 . No. 10 . brushes aside conventionality and re -creates the im - re -creatable . C O N T E N T S J. EDITORIALS . 497 2 . ECONOMICS AND POLITICS . 502 Join our every increasing army of regular AND LITERATURE 501 3. EDUCATION followers . 4. Who's Who 509 FORUM 510 5. OPEN Fifteen cents copy . $ 1.50 a year 6 . FRIENDS OF VEGRO FREEDOM 508

Entered as Second Class Mail , July 27 , 1919 , at the Post Office at New York , N.Y. , under Act of March 3, 1879 . THE MESSENGER Editors : PUBLISHING COMPANY A. PHILIP RANDOLPH CHANDLER OWEN Contributing Editors : 2305 SEVENTH AVENUE NEW YORK GEORGE FRAZIER MILLER W. A. DOMINGO Oktober 1922.) THE MESSENGER 497 Editorials

NEGROES AND ITALIANS TABOOED dissenting voice , it poriends something good ; it shows , that , all its is way aliead oi the .At labor il faults old march oi prejudice THE race proceeds apace . in

parties oi to the matter justice the Segro . ; one time signs read " Vo Negroes Wanted " then ;

they to “ too used read No Irishmen Neel Appiy ” THE NICKLE UNDER THE DUTCHMAN'S FOOT

again they were seen " Xo Negroes or Jews Wanted . " ,

In Pittsburgh , the Saturday Sept. 16 Press for one LAST month we wrote about the " nickle under the . " to of the big coal companies for Pittsburgh carried the Frenchman's foot We referred the French , ad : following pithy , little clear law , subtly worded which wiped out the Negro musi , " 1 year . - from COAL VINERS WANTED highest wages in sian France after October this The fol ;

lowing despatch re Pennsylvania State non - union mine . No NEGROES shows that the German musicians

, they attempted OR ITALIANS WANTED . Steady work good ceived about the same treatment when go

to . many people , , into Amsterdam would claim houses . Write E 57 Press Office . " . Not

or prejudice against Pittsburgh , that the French held race color Our contemporary , the Panerican , Negroes . Certainly this claim could not be brought makes a rather pointed comment as follows : " It will The . of on part , against the Germans the the Dutch be noted that this is a non union- mine and hence the

issue with the French was , that the Negro musicians ohjection cannot be made that the white union men getting jobs enough jobs will not work with you . It is emphasized that it is were the and there were not go to around . The problem with the Dutch was that not unions here which are keeping colored men out of ,

being employed in employment but the employer . " German musicians were Amsterdamı

As a result We should add , also , that the employers are ilot while Dutch musicians were unemployed . , . It keeping colored men only out but white Italians the following incident tells what happened :

is what the civiiized Americans call keeping clear of GERMAN JAZZ OUSTED by , " dirty dagoes and nasty niggers . ” And the way

large of lynched in numbers Italians have been Dutch Musicians Loudly Protest Importation of German to America . Bands Amsterdam Amusement Houses ,

Sept. - AJISTERDAVI 30. Amsterdam has just had a

experience . A. PHILIP RANDOLPH curious with local and German musicians ( to

wing of the low rate exchange some of the managers

of musical entertainments engaged a few German bands , by co - of A. PHILIP RANDOLPH Editor the Mis for their places . The local musicians were aroused a

organized oi , this situation and protest . SENGER has been nominated for Secretary of demonstration

A long procession composed of string bands emploved in State New York on the American Labor Party's , , , in caſes tea rooms and theatres marched through the . Party ticket a The American Labor represents co , principal streets in the heart of the city displaying ban of on part operative political effort the the Socialists ners and boards with inscriptions like : “ Down With

Germany ! ” “ Tyro and the progressive trade and labor unions . It is no British Jazz Bands From Down With

lese Bands From Berlin and the Alps ! " " Dutch bands small factor in New York . The Socialist Party

mien pay taxes while German musicians do not . "

City . alone polls about 150,000 votes in New York A deputation went to the town hall and submitted their

groups it probably poll Combined with the labor will grievances to the Burgomaster . Later the demonstrators a on a

a large principal square of a between a quarter million and half million went to cafe the where Ger

man band was playing . ' They protested loudly and asked of votes this year . Its ticket includes some the most

the public not to enter the establishment . manager , The , in distinguished men not only in New York but the

promised to cancel the arrangement with the foreign . be world Among these may mentioned Charles musicians . , Steinmetz consulting engineer of the General Electric It is said that music has power to soothe the savage , , Company of Schnectady N. Y. popularly known as

beast . The contrary is also true : music has power to the “ Electrical Wizard " . The candidate for Governor

arouse the savage beast . It makes no difference what is an is Edward F. Cassidy . He an Irisuman and , . is of may be the color the skin human nature uniform

active Union man in the Typographical Union of , in Like causes produce like effects as well the social

. a of 30 years ' New York He has record service fight . as in the physicial world The Dutchman will

in the trade union activities .

2 German over his job just as quickly and as vigorous . No close student will claim that labor has fully ly as a Frenchman will fight a Negro .

emancipated itself from race prejudice . No such per , son would claim that American white people as a EPISCOPALIANS ASSAIL KU KLUX

, But , whole anywhere have been so emancipated . Episcopal of in of when one considers the small number Negroes THE House of Deputies the Protestant , , , , the Labor Party of New York and the willingness of Convention meeting in Portland Oregon Sept.

, denouncing a

ability 14 of the a thạt party to select Negro character and received resolution Ku Klux , by a of for the high office of Secretary State without Klan . The resolution was drawn the Rev. John THE MESSENGER ( October , 1922 . ,

1 ) . Wing

delegate . from Georgia home of the Kin politics Its

into symbol is a . - Kes four leaf clover . The , Another against lynch - is resolution law sub central office at Prague was capital of the Czecho Slo- , .

by , C. B.

mitted of the Rox . . It Wilmer also Atlanta Gir vakia is called the Agrarian International Bureau . The " Chairman and The of Secretary House Bishops is International asked to concur solemnly are both . ' tu

Czechs is all a

so The - condemn " patriotic Chairman prominent secret called societies " whose leader of the inasked and unknown membership capitalize bigotry Czecho - Slovak Party . and Peasant Dr. Suhela is his jate , foster racial and religious prejudice and encourage name .

acts of lawlessness and mob violence and further to , The Green International is not Socialist Its funda declare any or of that men set men who seek to set , , against , principles , man against mental up

neighbor to man citizen citizen against are first break great estates , ; , neighbor all race against or against Europe race creed creed arc over second no socialization of this land

of society the enemies and disloyal to the fundamental its but use in small peasant holdings on

, based

of the ideals America no matter in how strident tones their

theory of private

ownership . to -

patriotism may be claims ultra voiced . ' No doubt " The Wing , this attitude resolution declares such societies while' toward the land grows partly

proclaiming ,

loyalty to of in their the United States reality out the experience of the Soviet Government of

have pursued a tending of course toward , the overthrow Russia that small scale capitalism very was essential yet of the foundation ordered society . ' in awhile order to supply necessary

“ It the ' to an declares such organization is morally responsible stimulus

industry . for crimes in its committed name and hy . men wearing ,

they , its mask whether are members or not because the very nature of the organization opens way any the for WHO IS THE PAINTER ?

to operate lawless element of with little fear arrest or

punishment . ' " . , MR CHARLES CAIN writing in the Boston These resolutions are important from two points Chronicle , observes how Negro papers readily heralded the thoughtless , , of view . First as coming from Georgia and second lies about the oppressed , of ly , natives , as coming from the Church . Both have been bui other lands the ignorant Negro the bloody ,

Turk the - , of compromise uncivilized eating at Filipino winking . a man warks and evils As the dirty . , ,

the , Egyptian . Hindu up rule one propagated and the other condoned . backward Each race shut , in its is shouting to recently own land its The Church has been manouvering to the itself about troubles ,

expecting , and to front line of democracy . The Inter Church- World the world listen while in cach coun try

European or

the exploiter is playing Movement made a great report on the Steel Strike . American one , race against against , The National Welfare Catholic Council has placed it another one sect another main taining "

preserving . his rule and ” self squarely on the side of labor . The Federal Coun order When there by is a cil of is Churches making an intelligent massacre natives the white man and syinp : - tells the world

about it . is a of thetic to study fight The When there massacre by effort and race prejudice . natives , , do ,

you in , Methodist doing whites see the papers of London l'eleration has been the same thing : Paris , , as ,

New : “ In as say York headlines short Lester Ward would the Church is such these Yankee Marines

Helpless ; " Certainly Murder Haytians " Slaughter representing utility produced froin error . Tommies " ? Egyptian Civilians You do not . see is the institution rising in civilized decency when two You ; " in " Marines Restore Hayti " ministers from Georgia . --white Protestant ministers Order British End ; . Riots Arrest Agitators " the pray will rise in open convention and condemn the iri And churches for

Civilization and Christianity , colored churches as well visible goverment of their state . as . no white And doubt the Egyptians and the Sy ,

if they rians of ATTORNEY GENERAL DAUGHERTY AND ever hear the American race riots at , : THE KU KLUX all say to one another

“ niggers Those be a lot American must troublesome .

ATTORNEY General Daugherty has at last recog

long it Wonder how will take the United States to is in nized that the Ku Klux Klan existence . He ' civilize em . " , not only recognizes it as existing but he recognizes it

Mr. Cain has delicious satire and wit . His illus . as a menace In a letter to Governor Olcott of Ore

tration reminds us of the little boy who asked his , gon he says in part : “ Please accept my hearty com

concerning a mother picture in of splendid which the mendation the spirit manifested in your man was , , a . killing boy “ bear The said Mama why is it that fearless proclamation and prosecution . ... I think you the picture always shows the man killing the bear , but to and your systems are rendering a signal service the

eating ? " To which the mother

, never the bear the man public as well as to your own state in endeavoring to , , , replied “ I cll son you see the nan paints the pic stamp out a distinct menace to decent government . "

ture . ”

We think the Attorney General has made a distinct It a great

makes paints picture . in recognizing difference who advance this group of midnight the , , assassins crooks and criminals usurpers of -

, ANTI , , LYNCHING CRUSADERS stituted authority ( and as Cicero would say " Oh I ? " ) — as a what shall call them menace to decent gov

LEADING colored women in every state in the Union ernmeni .

have formed a temporary organization for the pur

pose of raising a fund to suppress lynching . A NEW INTERNATIONAL Their

object is to get 1,000,000 women to give a dollar . , is a organized in Europe . , B.

Mary of THERE new international Mrs. Talbert Buffalo N. Y. has been It “ . ” It is

calls itself the Green International , elected director of the National campaign with head , an of peasants . Its objects is to international or quarters at 521 Michigan Avenue that city . Mrs. ganize the of Europe peasants

farmers of and enter the James Weldon Johnson New York is the publicity October , 1922.1 THE MISSINGER 499

director . , It calls upon all people without regard to THE HUMAN HAND THREAT

race or color to assist in wiping out this menace of By A. PHILIP RANDOLPH

lynching The Crusaders call attention to 83 women , ,

Tuesday Septeni .

in about lynched 30 afternoon 2.30 o'clock who have been the last years . The or ON , , her 5 while sitting in my office I received a of

" object ganizers say : The practical the movement

package " a , . ” by marked from anonymous is to raise $ 1,000,000 given a million women friend This

sender my suspicions . Immediately

, forthwith aroused through sacrifice and self - denial to serve as a fund , I began opening it I noticed a whitish powder falling to be used in stamping out lynching and for the de

out of it . confirmed my suspicions of there fense of the Negro in his fundamental rights as an This , being some foul play intended . Hence before I had . ” A American citizen movement to destroy lynch , all of taken the brown paper off the box I telephoned by ing directed intelligent and honest people is worthy , the 38th Precinct Police Station on 135th Street in of general support of all people who believe in justice , of formed the detectives the nature of the package

and democracy . The foregoing is such a movement . , , , and post haste- they came over to my office regarded , the parcel cautiously and then placed it in water to its in SIKI prevent an explosion the event that contents were explosive material . , To the utter aniazement and horror of everyone THE most significant phase of the Siki Carpentier- . upon opening the package a human hand was found

bout was the pronounced spirit of sportsmanship

in the box also was this letter : by and fairplay displayed the French spectators . When

“ Listen Randolph

an effort was made to cater to the American color line

“ watching your writings in all luy declaring the man knocked out the winner of the We have been you your papers quite a want , for while but we bout the French fight fans threatened to mob the

to understand before we act . If you are not in

cheating . They referee forced the judges to reverse your you . the decision The remainder of the comment which favor with own race movement can't be . is no with ours There space in our race for we would like to make on the bout is done so splendid by you and your creed . do you mean giv

ly by What , David Karsner a daily column contributor to

ing us a nigger ? you organ , Mr. Do know that our it the New York Call that we quote in full . ? of all ization is made up whites is an Karsner American white man . He knows the , of

a good “ We have sent you sample our work . is a North and the South He scholar and a most ex let . . . . step or you me so watch your else Now ceptional writer . He comments on the Siki - Carpen

see your name in your nigger improvement asso : tier fight as follows , ,

up in

a paid ciation as member too about one

week from now . Don't worry about lynching in , , Siki the Senegalese Negro is the idol of Parisian you about boulevards and French women are straining themselves South . If you were here wouldn't talk

to garlands you publish do him lionor and wreath his neck with since it . Now be careful how this letter , his victory in prize ring Georges Carpentier your the over to

or may

in your magazine we have send

the white dandy who was misled early in his life by

hand to some one else .

someone who told him he knew how to fight .

" Don't think we can't get you and your crowd . lu a cible dispatch from Paris the other day Siki was as City it is just you in quoted as saying that he would give 50,000 francs if some Although are New York you .

change he might get a in Georgia can't

if you one could his color in order that easy as were If

match with Jack Dempsey . He fears Dempsey will draw unite with your own race we will find out what's . is the color line Siki mistaken . Money spans all color be selfish . Give the matter with you all . Don't

lines and absolves most differences of opinion . More .

a tip , your over he should bear in unind that much of the admira friends , , K. K. tion that is now his is given him because of his color K.

in spite of it .

not of sug All of us immediately set ourselves the task

A French cabaret dancer has offered to share her earn gesting some probable theory which would explain

ings with Siki if he will high - step with her on the , . an extraordinary incident The theories natur

, such polished boards and the restaurants where he sips cham

, evidencing no ally , and varied one pagne are crowded with white women eager to touch his were numerous .

pat ebony . he emerged , hand and his cheek As from one fright but a dignified caution

cafe he was pelted with flowers torn from the bosoms Of the many theories advanced , the one that seemed , of his feminine admirers . Siki's white wife a blue - eyed generally accepted , logical and to be the most the most , , , blonde Hollander has of course been plunged into the assigned dastardly deviltry , real was that one which the midst of the spotlight with her notorious husband and . of

- signer K. K.

to letter doubtless she thinks more highly of him now than before the K. the the of ) lie foored Carpentier . The garlands and the glances Their reasons given were : ( 1 the bitter hatred

shot at him should be sufficient to convince her that she its the Klan for the position of THE MESSENGER and , . to a has a prize not mention perambulating bank ,

political . " editors on " social equality economic and up a

is in peculiar all It seems to me that this tied up , position had been , time and again buttressed chemical reaction so far as the adulation of the French This by women for Siki is concerned . You say that is in France ! the most exhaustive writing and platform propa !

" just women “ of that type are like that

That French . ganda from coast to coast For quite some years the , Well maybe , but when Jack Johnson knocked out Jim MESSENGER editors have been directing a systematic , , Jeffries on July 4 1910 the result was the same . For vigorous campaign through the large white

in Chicago's many years Jack conducted a cabaret White and , Light district and his white women patrons vied with his unions against the Klan . . It is . golden , Empire fair wife for Jack's smiles curious There Doubtless Knights of the Invisible have

Race - conscious .

in thought is something unhappy the . in

to Imperial reported of this work the Wizard

Negroes dislike the thought as much as race - conscious , , at the Socialist and Labor Movement I have striven . whites But that doesn't remove the inferences . 500 THE MESSENGER ( October , 21922 . , , all to beyond question of a

times up establish the doubt , grow feeling tiemselves the equal of any : white , , , the value and necessity of working class political man advocating political economic and social equal , ity

solidarity . Naturally .

and social of a economic this would Their treasured type Negro is the so - called , , of

group of - evoke the fire , this , criminal cut , throat "

good "

nigger banjo " the darky the ine - to - boss hat , in of midnight vegetate ,

the in - riders who shadows good - ' - nur hand mornin inassa species . But this kind . der to and incendiarism ,

the is or And utter . amazement dying In it dead fact does not vegetate in the , , of - , surprise age fraternity , , and this stone the MES North while only a few old struggling decrepit , a SENGER's reception be work has found marvelous moribund remnants : survive in the South . Educa , by , , ing recognized as it is an increasingly growing tion radical propaganda such as TnE MESSENGER ,

body of . of unionists and white intellectuals , This spreads is the most deadly antidote to this yicious ,

inglorious keepers of these the , course riles virtues of past . · and virulent relic the To.the South to kill of

white womanhood and the sacred principles ( ? ) off this last symbol of Southern slave bourbonism is . , of Americansim it is proclaimed " of . ” For from the ihe most unkindest cut all Hence to save this , , , imperial of imperial city it throne the Atlanta that passing show of human iniquity the Klan has sought

is “ a violation of American ideals and of the fetish of to select and defend as the model oi Negro leader

, Negro supremacy between the and , , white for contact ship Marcus Garvey the leader of the Universal , , ,

people to be permitted or white for that matter even Negro Improvement Association whü . during the . " advocated , of month June held an interview with Acting Ku ,

" Young be That the Klan outfit would interested in terrify Klux Wizard Edward Clarke and immedi , , ing , to

continuing carry on ately me from my work is thereafter through his paper the Negro.World .

foregoing to

proclaimed all of obvious from the the fifteen million Negroes of the

United States of America that they fight But why would the Klan send a " human hand " ? should cease ing the

the brought a comes the query . This is why : It is well nigh- a part Ku Klux Klan — attitude which

of fury thunderbolt down upon his head . The of the traditions and the folk - lore of Negro life in the attack by , , , : 1 by South , that Negroes are easily frightened anything was led the writer his associate Chandler.Owe

and Messrs . William Pickens and Robert W. Bagnall which suggests the “ dead . ” The proverbial " haunted of the National Association for the Advancement of house ” plays its part in the fire - side tale among Ne , People . upon point Colored Hard the heels of this attack in groes . Everybody the neighborhood can out by sponored , “ . " , which was the writer the human hanı the haunted house , Stories are current too of

. Obviously is ghosts lurking around the graveyards , chasing passers was sent the conclusion that the Klan ,

to of Negro by had come the rescue leader . This is a vestige of primitive superstition . All its Marcus ,

Garvey as is by in of

an warning .. is races pass through this stage as shown the indicated the letter

against , Still the work treacherous . unscrupulous thropologists . It arises from an effort to explain the

disloyal Negro leaders as well as against the . Klan jwill behavior of natural phenomena . In the absence of go , on unabated . With redoubled efforts I shall the scientific knowledge which will enable people to mo

all of my energies in to destroy , , , bilize order black and understand causes of swoons dreams storms earth

white Ku Kluxism in America . , quakes , floods famines , droughts , etc. , they have as , As an evidence of this resolve the Sunday foilow signed as the cause some super natural- agency . The , ing the receiving of the hand I assailed Marcus Gar white South knew of this frailty of the old slave ,

vey K. K. violently , the more ever Negro . To the old white slave masters all that was and K. than before by and it was hailed the largest yet Negro - audience necessary to frighten the field hands almost asseni bled applauded vociferously , which more than ever out of their senses was to throw a white sheet over

before . their heads and prowl around the slave shacks in the thought the slogan under which this crusade began night . The Negro slaves that the white Thus

Marcus Garvey Must Go ! will be reenforced with , -- sheeted forms were really ghosts . Hence they fled , " and the too . " , Ku Klux Klan of wildly through the fields a picture consternation , and despair or else they knelt down on their knees GARVEYISM AND ANARCHISM and prayed fervently to God to protect them from the , devil making effusive promises not to commit any

MARCUS GARVEY and his organizations are thor , , more sins to obey and follow him ever after cir

oughly anarchistic . Garvey critcises everybody

cumspectly . , else but when one attempts to criticise him and his

of torturing

Negroes em by This method the was , organization he and they attempt violent methods , ployed quite generally along with the cow hide- to

to suppress free speech . We grant to everybody the , the spirit of the independent break most intractable right of free speech . This grant carries with it the ; ,

Negro in and militant slaves and accordance with , , right to speak frcely even when wrong providing , the law of habit it remains long after the conditions there is no advocacy of violence . We wish to cite a ,

passed it have that called a punc forth and acts with few definite cases of anarchy on the part of Marcus

accuracy the conscious attention of uilious without Garvey and his followers . In 1920 they rushed into

the agent . a tent where the Rev. A. Clayton Powell was conduct . . explains why " ” on This then the human hand was sent ing a revival meeting 138th Street New York , , ,

S. speaker of evening . from New Orleans to the writer a Negro living in Dr. Charles Morris was the the

It necessary to provide police protection to stop New York City . It does not occur to the Old South was ; that there is a " New Negro " that the " Uncle Toms " Garvey's maniacs from committing personal violence , , , ,

passing if they already passed . are indeed have not to Dr. Morris Shortly after this incident another attempted in

Negroes of Garvey's away . The South can't understand how can one branches Baltimore bodi October , 1922) THU MUSSENGER 501

ly , , injury . Ashby , on the Hon W. Hawkins one of the tors however prevented this : ( 1 ) the diligent service

distinguished attorneys ; most colored of America . The of the New York police ( 2 ) the bulldog determina , , New York Garveyites have broken up dozens of street tion of the leaders in the fight namely Chandler , , meetings speakers styled , where criticised the self - Owen A. Philip Randolph William Pickens and

Negro Garvey's ; " Moses." In 1920 followers went Robert W. Bagnall and ( 3 ) the dogged insistence of

Sunday , , into the Rush Memorial Church one and the great mass of decent respectable people American

up meeting Cyril Briggs They ,

police or broke a of . went into and West Indian that protection no police

lights , the basement and turned out the . Just about protection they were not going to allow any one to , ,

meeting if

they a a week ago the Garvey division in Philadelphia went disturb those and did price of Baptist into the Salem Church at 12th Street below pretty rough treatment would be the penalty .

Bainbridge and broke up the meeting at which At Now we charge that Marcus Garvey has a will , torney J. Austin Norris , a colored lawyer from Yale fully deliberately criminal organization . To illustrate : , , University , and Mr. J. W. H. Eason , were speaking. Article 5 Section 3 " COURT RECEPTION AT

Accurate newspaper accounts from eye - witnesses HOME ” of the Constitution of the Universal Negro

state that “ Daring leaders of the Garvey Movement Improvement Association , contains the following pressed forward and surrounded the pulpit upon clause : which . Eason , and a group of people who Norris “ NO ONE SHALL BE RECEIVED BY THE favored the meeting were sitting . The police ser POTENATE AND HIS CONSORT WHO HAS geant in charge of the detail of the officers present for BEEN CONVICTED OF CRIME OR FELONY the purpose of preventing bloodshed , urged upon EXCEPT SUCH CRIME OR FELONY WAS Norris and Eason to adjourn the meeting until an COMMITTED IN THE INTEREST OF THE other time . The speakers declined to do this , so the UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSO small detail of policemen cleared the church and CIATION AND THE AFRICAN COMMUNITIES , leaving locked the doors both Eason and Norris on LEAGUE . " the inside .

We charge that this is a wilful incitement to crime . " Prior to the opening of the meeting , people pass It places Garvey's organisation exactly on par with the ing either up or down 12th Street were halted and following Ku Klux Klan Reconstruction . And questioned they going as to whether or were into up not just as the Ku Klux Klan was broken and dis the resenting impudence church . Persons this were solved , Garvey's Universal Improvement Association . led to be either insulted or knocked down This numer should also dissolved . We are bringing this fact square fights a of the church . , ous within to the attention of the Federal Government and the " A noble feature of Wednesday night's skir most Attorneys for the Friends of Negro Freedom are , , ap to mishes both in and out of the church was the instructed take steps immediately to bring about

Garveyites , pearance with the OF TWO COLORED the dissolution of the organisation the arrest and , MEN SPEAKING BROKEN ENGLISH clad in prosecution of any American Negrocs guilty of con Navy the uniform of the United States with an , spiracy in the incitement to crime and the depor , indicating they

" C " of any foreign embroidered on their arms that tation Negrocs guilty of any.overt

were cooks in the Navy . These two men were among anarchistic acts . the most offensive of those assuming a belligerent atti At the same time we call upon the American Negro

. " , , tude citizens as well as the white along with their church , , go , Thompson , es About a year ago when Mr. Noah D. a fraternal societies and civic organizations to distinguished colored man from Los Angeles , Cali after this Garvey organization with hammer and ,

department it is fornia , employed in the editorial of the tongs until the last vestige of rooted froni Amer

Los Angeles Daily Express , was a delegate to Gar ican soil . Thomp

vey's of Negro convention in New York . When Noah The Friends Freedom expect to hold meet

ings to son made his report of the convention to Garvey's Los and criticise Garvey in every important city

Angeles division ( that report being unfavorable to of the United States . We criticise the President of

Garvey ) the members of the division had been so in these United States when we get ready . He is known

cited by Garvey that it took a large number of Los as the first citizen of the land . It ought to be clear

policemen Thompson , Angeles to save Noah from to every one then that we are going tocriticise a pom , bodily injury. pous little Negro mountebank who admits that he is

a Negroes in Again , about two weeks ago, when Dr. LeRoy not citizen and does not advise alien the

United States to become citizens . Bundy made his report to the Cleveland , Ohio , divi

sion , someone asked about the funds of the organiza We hold no prejudice against Marcus Garvey be , place , , a

is a specifically tion , and a veritable riot in the division took cause he foreigner West Indian

led ( according to the Pittsburgh American ) by Dr. from Jamaica . As Ingersoll used to say : " I like black

Bundy , who is Garvey's newly elected American friends better thari I do white enemies ” -So we like , , leader .” decent West Indians citizens or non - citizens better There are numerous instances of such anarchistic than unprincipled and unscrupulous American Ne

action which we might cite , but one more will suffice. groes . To illustrate : We would not give a snap of

, LeRoy N. On the 6th of August, this year The Friends of Ne our finger for an American Negro like Dr.

Bundy ( gro Freedom , of New York, began a series of meet of East St. Louis riot fame and Marcus Gar

. , a

Garvey's methods T. A. scholarly expose and Hun as Rogers ings to schemes vey shame ) against Mr.

dreds of Garveyites came into the meetings with the and principled citizen from the West Indies . fac avowed intention of breaking them up . Three It happens that the large bulk of the Garvey fol 502 THE MISSINGER [October , 1922.

largely lowers are foreigners . It is a nationalistic misunderstood by some of our foreign friends . Some organisation . It is chiefly a British West Indian asso will become lukewarm , others cold , and some will ciation . As a consequence , it means that in proceed oppose us. The great goal, however , will be kept ing against it , we are fighting West Indians and we steadily before us . We will leave them to the sober

merely thought up

, let are fighting foreigners . This , however is a second of the future . We will not a

Negroes , mollify coincidence . If they were American we hair's breadth nor our procedure an iota . would fight them the same way ; and to the extent as The issues involved rise above personal friendship

Negroes in Garvey's organization , they will be fought We have cast our lot with principle . Marcus Garvey

proceeded against just vigor go just as bitterly and as must . His influence in the life of the people must primarily fight ously as the foreign Negroes . We are be extirpated . The assistance which they have given ing certain ideas and methods. Whoever , therefore , him must be cut off . The crooks who have stolen the , . if possible and be imprisoned happens to be the instruments of the ideas meth peoples ' money must And to is get ods we are fighting , will be fought as an enemy. To those whom the law amenable must out .

some extent we will be misunderstood . We will be We hope our position is clear .

Economics and Politics

THE NEXT EMANCIPATION

By JAMES ONEAL

Some Recent History have investments in Southern cotton mills . With the

rise of a factory and manufacturing system in the , , , , 26 on 1921 In Birmingham Alabama October

South the capitalists of that section are also demand on President Harding delivered an address the race

ing tariff duties . The South for generations had been of

a question is " question . He said that this not wedded to " free trade . " , a of social equality but a question recognizing funda the As Southern masters invest their money in

, Thus mental eternal and inescapable difference . " industry profits capitalists party and share with Northern speaks the representative of the Republican

the capitalists of both sections reach a better under

triumph . sixty years after its first

standing . They are also coming to contract a politi This party has been gradually casting aside its

cal through Republican by alliance the party a comi in

a standing Negro traditions to obtain the Southern

mon agreement to exclude the Negro from elections . prostrate body of Negro States . Over the the the a “

lily ” Republican The Democrats have white party in the Republican party hopes to obtain Senators lily a

Republicans “ South and the want white ” party . flow and Congressmen in the Southern States The , in . Early in the South 1921 Chairman Hays of the capital States is of Northern into the Southern bind

Republican , com National Committee appointed a . ing the North and the South into a common solidarity to mittee consider the best means of establishing the , in ” of ' The " Manufacturers Record Baltimore party in the South . In the State campaign in Vir

, develop March 1922 gave some figures of capitalist ginia in 1921 the Republicans agreed to make the ment in the South . The value of taxable property

party a " white man's party " in that State . It was a , , , has increased from 1910 to 1920 from over $ 13 bargain struck with the Democratic party to keep the , of a gain

$ 29,000,000,000 000,000,000 to

more than . Negro of

elections to out This was reported be

23 per 122.9 per cent ! The South now has about satisfactory to the Republican national leaders at of cent of the manufacturing establishments the coun

Washington . , em . $ of try with a capital nearly 7,000,000,000 and A dispatch to the New York Evening Post from

ploying 2,000,000 people .

in exchange Richmond said that for the loss of the ,

is nearly in

capital Negroes " The invested Southern factories the Republicans in Virginia have gained in three times the sum invested in manufacturing the the support of many men of influence and wealth . ” , of only 3 per country in lacking cent 1880 and Among , whole these are railroad Presidents bankers , capi

in in capital the sum invested the North 1900. The talists and business men . The political agreement is in invested in cotton factories the South four times follows the common interests which Northern and in all that invested the cotton mills of the country , Southern capitalists have in Southern industries since 1880. The South is also consuming 59 per cent banks and railroads . The agreement frees the ruling

of its cotton in its own mills . It is also producing 57 class of Virginia from dependence upon one political . . of per cent of the oil the United States machine

The old agricultural South is becoming an image of Lessons to Be Drawn the factory North . The same financial interests that of have large holdings in New England cotton mills also The call Southern capitalism across the old sec 503 October , 1922. ) THE MESSENGER . , Vege or of

of the basement tional chasm is heard by its Republbican ally . The bar steel the car coal The last garden purchased a Negro's caten Republican party is respon ling: to the cry . tables from are and by

in prod is people . dracon the pretense of difference between both old political par white Vo color line . or in

of garden

politics is ties national being wiped out . Capi ucts the the farm , , is it

is the talism is national not sectional . The capitalist par Human labor human labor whether , or or

in . the ties are becoming national scope Both parties are labor of the Negro the white the American , , .

or Englishman agreed on one

" labor white supremacy the supremacy of capi German the Italian the To . talism in excluding the Negro from the suffrage in must get the consent of others We have seen that , , , shops the South . the factories mines railroads and industries

by This Negro Republican capitalist . The leaders who have leil in general are owned the class

it can

great in power . masses of Negro workers to their betrayal are them class has become wealth and at . in . selves being kicked the face for their treachery give or withhold employment will is of

: capitalist industry The class interests of Northern and Southern Capital For example No owner by

to inmachinery required to you are healing the old sores of the ruling classes anil law admit the for

bringing unity . Facing about between the two the producing wealth . It is his . The law recognizes it . 15 : his becomes bad the capitalist Negro worker are two parties of the capitalist class . When business , of Quoting the language President Harding we owners can close hundreds of thousands of plants .

means of are out of may say that it is not a question of " recognizing a That that millions workers shut . , the your fundamental eternal and inescapable difference ” be industries No matter what needs are you . .

parties is no plants tween the two There difference . They cannot enter the ,

as They political as . cre alike two peas are the Here is the curse of modern society the fact that of as a enemies the as of Negro of powerful white workers well the sınall class owners have the power to , .

They of . cuorkers are the parties of railroad magnates shut out the great class wage workers Industry , of . bankers capitalists and labor skinners in general . As and natural resources are the basis civilization

, We is

property of the capitalists of the two sectio is are uniting so the This basis the capitalist owners . of in workers both colors should unite their own inter- are dependents upon the will of this owning class .

ests . Unite in the labor unions and in the Socialist Vhite and Negro workers are both dependent upon .

party . that class ,

In Negro a . In the North the workers have vote It is too long a story to tell you how the mills fac , , , , the South they have a vote in theory but not in fact . tories mines railroads oil fields and so on came 2 in While they have vote the North they should use into the possession of this class . Some were stolen . The on bribery of - . it in the interest of white and Negro workers . Others rest law making bodies Others by be to white workers must educated cast their votes were obtained clever manipulation of the law . in of . also the interest white and Negro workers Many of the great fortunes had their origin in the In it is of

to slavery

necessary or the South work through the whites blacks . Many had their origin . in labor unions . Where Negroes are members of unions big land frauds , go by

they permit no to present of should national convention But however obtained the masters in up

bringing dustry ,

question of holdings without the the common in have surrounded their with laws , of terests white and Negro labor . They should urge court decisions police power and government in in to all in the white Socialists the South use their general . Behind the enormous industries of the coun

to iry . Muence break down the color prejudice . The white are these laws Which means that the ownership by , workers must take the lead in this as it is almost in of the great industries a class is lawful . If this ,

possible Negro to do it in for the worker the South ownership is awiul! it means that men in State Legis

in Congress In 1919 the American Federation of Labor voted latures and made the laws that make this

ownership .

to lawful

Negro . It admit the unions was in that year that ,

a they

place in in to white union organizer died defense of a Negro Now how could men these bodies to ,

of make these legalize

organizer at

. laws great unions Bogalusa La That was a their powers of , good beginning of solidarity between white and ownership ? Only one way to do that and this is by

the owning a political party Negro workers . The 1919 decision should never be owners that repre . forgotten . Negro workers should insist upon con sents their interests To own the great industries by they powerful tinuous action the Federation and its affiliated must also own political parties . These parties in to . unions admitting our Negro brothers the unions nominate candidates pledged to support the by of

industry a of

year control class capitalist . be . Year after this should pressed This is the owners . But here the owners are weak If they depended first big step in bringing white and Negro workers

on they a their own votes could not elect single . together in the South . Their common interests will man They very compared are few the great of in wipe with mass time out the color prejudice and raise a bar . rier to the inhuman lynchings that curse America working class voters They must get the white and

Negro to

capitalist or

today . voters vote for the candidates is at their ownership an end . Labor and Industry , is it ? How done It is laughable when you think of it . of

of all pro is Human labor power the source values The masters labor own two parties . You

, they figure

you to duced . The labor power of a Negro worker em see that are bound get tired of any , a of of in a or the basement bodied bar steel car coal party that represents them . That is natural . They

get of any party of a building is just as as power would essential the labor tired that represented you . , of a white worker . The color line is not seen in the Knowing they great this maintain two political parties . 504 THE MESSENGER (October, 1923 .

The trick is done ! The Democrats were in power . No matter which one of those parties is supported They leri is into war after winning an election on by the workers, both remain faithful to the interests the promise that we would not go to war . By 1920 of the great owners of industry . We have already ready millions of voters were to throw out the Demo seen how the Republican party has sacrificed the Ne . But crats . Ther did throw them out the voters gro in the North while it was pretending to protect did not vote themselves in . They voted the other him in the South . We have seen how the Republica ! party of the capitalist owners in and conditions have party is now trying to get a standing in the South by been as bad , or even worse , tha :1 before . following the Democrats in excluding the Negro Now that conditions do not improve under Hard from elections . We already know that the Demo ing, beginning swing the voters are to back to the crats are a party with the old traditions of slavery Democrats The Democrats will have candidates clustering about it . ready for you to vote for . They will be safe for But white workers have been fooled by these two capitalist interests, just as the Republicans have been . parties of capitalism as the Negro workers have . It They expect you will to vote the " outs ” in and the has been a matter of the “ ins” coming out and the " ins" out, but they will expect you to stay out! " outs ” going in in every national election .

Look Out ! England Is Up To Her Old Tricks Again !

A NEW war is being subtly promulgated . Now it herent aggressiveness demand the watchful eye of all

is not Imperial Germany , or Socialist Russia , but those who would sense future events . object the Heathenish Turk who is the immediate of The problem most occupying England to - day is the

that versatile hate - lust of the English speaking world . same which has occupied her for a century . Under Though , in reality , it is of course not merely Turkey the capitalistic regime Britain and the East are like of a : but the whole East which is the vital issue at stake . the two unbalanced ends scale one must be dowii up England is no diplomatic bungler like America . She to keep the other . And Turkey's greatest signifi

shrewdly constructs her program then proceeds to cance lies in her position at the European door of the

manouverings . Turkey

long to be carry it out with systematic . Her re East itself has ceased an aggres

, , markable diplomatic astuteness which enables her to sive menace to Europe but other European nations be called "the Nation of Statesmen ," is the logical working through Turkey , could easily thwart British people area , of weak development of a so limited in aspirations in the East . Glance at England's record early

times quarters of a geographical position , and so victimized in for the last three century on this par biological by repeated foreign invasions . As in the ticular point . In of world a sense of weakness very readily becomes the the war the Crimea ( 1854 ) England aided disposed generator of strength . England naturally Turkey against Russia to kecp the latter froin prishing to be forever on the defensive has with instinctive her way through Turkey and threatening English .

inimitably In he wisdom adopted the offensive — an offensive supremacy in East the Russo - Tapanese war , ! Japan against disguised in the choicest modern morals to be sure ( 1904 ) England covertly aided Russia

, . says England a loss for the same ( As Bernard Shaw is never at for reason the Balkan war 1912 ) Eng thing an effectual moral reason ; when she wants a she land aided the Balkan states against Turkey for the , no power waits patiently until there comes into her mind purpose of dividing the concentrated there into , ,

pawns be played one knows how , a burning conviction that it is her several hands which could one moral and religious duty to conquer those who have against the other for the better accomodation of Brit

; in defense of ; got what she wants she Aies into arnis ish diplomacy the Balkan war filched from Turkey

Christianity , conquers , and takes the market desired all her remaining European soil except a small strip from heaven (Man of Destiny )-Cer as her reward of land surrounding Constantinople . The resulting

impeccable in tainly England displays the semblance of entanglements of this had considerable influence

integrity — which indeed she observes in her manners bringing about the Great War in 1914. Germany's , and the necessary trifles , and which covers an astound Berlin to Bagdad Railway facilitating the landing of

cunning faithless , ing depth of unscrupulous . This German troops in Persia and Afghanistan imperiled , , ness does not distinguish her from other countries India that most priceless jewell in the British crown . but her cleverer use of it does . Prevailing morals , We know how successfullq England managed the late twig

in Treaty completely customs , aspirations , follies , are as a bamboo war and the Peace how she and design to be twisted at her will into what suits her the Allies divested Germany of all her colonial pos , diplomacy in , momentary purposes . This superior and sessions African as well as Eastern at the same time , 30.5 October 1922. ] THE MESSENGER

partitioning Turkey under the disguise of mandates . dice is rampant in this Free America that brags of . This would seem enough , but no , an Empire that being the melting pot of the world stands on the legs of subjugated nations demands con A war of color ( outside of all the useless inhuman

patching propping , ity ; stant and . India who had lain so of it ) is not a thing to walk into blindly a sufti fiong quiesant , allowing herself to be spoilated throug ! ciently roused Africa and East could with little gentleness spirit , the of her had meanwhile awakened difficulty exterminate this presumptuous Occident necessity ridding , so to the of herself of the ruthless which had long fattened in derision upon their , insatiable hands of despising Englishn , color - . if en no : . sweat and blood This other should be argu

ment enough for preserving the friendship of the Col This time things were vastly more complicated. ored Races of the world . On the other hand such a Hitherto England had played in India that old and , , , war if won would be utterly profitless even disa :

let your reliable trick of " enemies vanquish an one , trous to the White Workers who would have to

other while you look on and give advice . " Hindus

prepare it and fight it . Resulting in greater competi and mohammedans had divided and spent their , , tioni in machine labor mass cheapening of wages ao :! strength upon one the other while their shrew Eug

plenty of enslaved Africans and Orientals to bring by of liste manipulator stood in the role shocked and

into Europe and America to quell strikes and revolt :

aggrieved benefactor of both - and filled her pockets , tions . The same reliable tactics mentioned before

during the engagement . But at the last National All , altered for the case in hand would be used : Forc :

Indian Congress Hindu and Mohammedan united in , the West to subdue the East then bring the East to . of Support Ghandi The British Empire trembled at It be subdue the West . will Capitalism's gigantic

the thrust . Mohammedan had finally penetrated Brit cfiort to save itself . The White and Colored Workers ain's cunning ; Hindu had learned that the Moham of the World must unite in preventing this approach

medan was his fellow sufferer and no longer his

ing atrocity . to to

. It is up England enemy . Times had changed

That the slogan " Save Christianity from the Heath .

to help weave a crafty web herself this time , , ” is ens rather out of date some three hundred year-

in reality long to be any , and that there had ceased A solid Indian front faces her girted on one side , us to , among speaking scientifically by such save both and a China on friendly terms with Democratic Russia ; if it is a and on the other by Afghanistan and Persia equally spiritually and that even there were subtle metaphysical question whether the Turks , who for of . Spirit friendly to the New Russia The Freedom ,

represent target or . Eng the the are heathens is seeping into Asia from several directions moment not

Allah is the same Jehovah that fathered Christ . , land's two problems how to keep ihe East subjugated . ,

Slogan - an or , deter the the and how to stem the tide ɔf Bolshevism in the West will Maker iota curb , all or . Slogan - victim One phrase another it's the has become a more or less related and vastly compli , , to Sloganers so they to of " at cated one . Turkey violated the hands Deni same the fascinated are have to of an at upon idea some sort with which , last hit likely to is ” ocracy - Inspired Allies more than tend ,

is religious occupy themselves . Besides not intoler in the only direction from which she can hope for

already stirring in was set England a ance Our America which permanent relief . The adroit formulates

tled to defeat precisely that very thing ! The Ku Klux plain something as follows : The often imagined war , , ,

is to get all protestants- foreigners of West and East should become a reality before the out non radicals , black christians and who not -- anything challenging or East Soviet Rusia accumulate any more strength . , in its a cry be gluttony open A great moral could raised behalf and their will welcome with arms such ,

glorious of religious . They of Capitalism and the East saved for another age of revival fanatiscism , is

to fighting , , no objection done exploited misery . It is in fact the only plan that course have where

Eng so long as to advantage engross can save Capitalism or the British Empire and dissensions their the

minds of men to the exclusion of intelligent thought . land knows it and knows she can rely upon the United

A thing religious States for the help she needs . Though it will take little like transference from Jew and

Catholic to Turk could never faze a real 100 per cent . time for it to emerge into its full maturity on account

American ! It will never occur to them that there is ,

of the jealousy among the Capitalists themselves now

sufficient reason for the statement that the Turk is . of being manifested over the oil fields the Near East ,

the only gentlenian left in Europe they have never The anti - Japanese commotion over here was the same ; heard it even and it would be useless to advise them , idea attempted in a different manner . Lately Greek

to on to see , read Pierre Loti the Moslems how has been set against Turk and if that fails she will

much this cultured European found to admire among it try again some other way . But no matter how in these pious people . there are thousands the

. But

of Already comes England depnds upon a war color - be 17 country to slog and up who have ceased victims “ gone : a righteous cry has The Moslems are threat by , it . All Radical Liberal and Pacifist publications is in !! ” ening Europe ! Chrisianity danger Both are to to , who are anxious hear the truth and willing profit , the . But America utterly preposterous of course

in pricking growing . , should unite now this war bubble Professional Savior of the World has not allowed it is to it a go the time act beore becomes federal to unheeded . The American Press has already Now to crime discuss the matter freely . Nothing equals

the New War tonic . England is well aware that Amer prediction foreknowledge psychologi

be and effectual in any for ica must included future war of consequence

cal disarmament . Comprehensive criticism is the only , for more than one reason - and incidentally . the Uni We implement of prevention reliable we possess . is ted States financially interested in British prosper it should use unsparingly . ity , " as in as well keeping the world Safe for , ,

Democracy . " Fortunately England preju for race T. COGDELL a Subscriber . 506 THE MESSENGBR ( October , 1922 .

Education and Literature

THE WEST INDIES THEIR POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITION By. J. A. ROGERS

[ The writer is a native of the West Indies . He has travelled for six years over the United States and is the author of three books on the racial situation . — The Editors. ]

No Jim -Crow Laws plexion , or with white men , preferably the latter . ,

jim The relation between the colored males and the black or There are , of course , no crow- laws written , ,

is usually of concubinage precisely as in unwritten in the West Indies except in Bermuda women one , of in

of Negro where because of the objections American tourists the case white men and women the United , the hotels States . persons marry unless persons of Negro blood are barred from Colored who blacks , by , wealthy usually . are ostracized the colored and the Hind segregated in the churches schools and theatres

whites . go

place in One may generally to any public the West

no against intermarriage . A , , There are laws black Indies . It takes money however and the blacks of a ,

may appear in the West Indies unlike those of the Northern United man and white woman the streets , , in

or at place , any public and unlike the United States States are wretchedly poor . Thus they are auto

. of leading matically barred . attract not the least attention Some the , black lawyers and doctors have studied in England , in Black men of wealth and education unlike the

and have brought back white wives with them . Some , , United States are generally accepted in the outer and

foreign whites have black wives . A former white , sometimes even the inner circles of white society . , city , mayor of Kingston the principal West Indian

Some of them hold high governmental and even hig :

had a black wife . Marriages between the mulattoes , private positions but these are the rare exceptions .

and near whites are frequent . Unions of colored

The whites usually have the plum of the positions and

with the whites are not infrequent . In shor : with , next the colored of whom the merchant and legislative money and social position one may marry any color classes are chiefly composed . There is good cause to

one pleases and be received anywhere . The manner believe that were the masses of the blacks more aspir in which the whites are willing to compromise with , in as ing the lines would be more sharply drawn the the colored in the West Indies in order to hold their

United States where color friction increases as the

place does seem to prove that the race question is , Negroes advance . In 1905 competitive Civil Service

solely an almost economic one . , was abolished in Jamaica and appointments left to a selection committee . The popular reason for this Blacks Gaining Over Whites and Colored , change was that it was done to keep out the blacks , , In spite of their superior position however both

winning high positions . 100 many of whom were the steadily white and the colored are giving way to , to Black men and women experience great difficulty the blacks and the whites the colored . The 1911 ; , in getting those private positions that are regarded as census of Jamaica showed 15,605 whites the 1921 ,

14,476 a of 1,129 . in respectable . The colored get the preference precisely decrease The colored 191 , ,

as in . Negro give the United States business men were 163,201 . In 1921 157,223 a decrease oi 5,978 .

the preference to mulatto girls . Black clerks are em On the other hand the blacks had 630,181 and 660,420 , ,

. They rigidly in respectively a gain of 30,239 . ployed in rare instances are excluded 1911 and 1921 The in from the larger business establishments . Most of blacks Jamaica have been steadily gaining since , on the basis of color . Cricket the clubs are formed 1791. In 1834 the whites numbered 30,000 twice , .

is a game

popular as at present but even here black men are usual as many , ly barred from the exclusive cricket clubs . The same is true of Barbadoes the stronghold of . ihe whites The 1891 census of Barbadoes gives Marriage Relations , ; , 15,613 whites the 1911 gives 12,603 a decrease of , ,

It is in marriage of all

the of the relation however that 3,013 . This decline the whites holds true . or . color line lines are most evident Unlike the Ameri the other islands The blacks will in all probability , ,

light in as in can girl of the same color the West Indian absorb the white and colored time even Cuba colored girl will generally shin marriage with a black and the United States the whites will perhaps absorb in as a on is as

. emphatic man She this Southerner the blacks . Jamaica seems an ideal place for black . If is the U. S. would be to a marriage with her . These girls colonization the assertion true that black men

will mate generally only with men of their own com will get their rights only in those places where they 507 October , 1922. ) THE MESSENGER

pro all their flour annually . The islands could luce dominate , then the full-blooded Jamaican black ought , , , potatots ) ( banana flour rice cornmeal corn white to be the first of the oppressed to get his rights . to a and peas they need . Yet the peasant relies con ar variety of Economic siderable extent on the imported these of a ticles for his daily food . In case war with the Industrial depression and poverty is the normal United States the islands would be hard pressed for state of the British West Indies. Bryan Edwards , in

of and food . Most the food used the Bahamas writing as as the 18th century , far back described it Barbados come from America . as “ a progressive degeneracy. " , ,

is imporied Although timber is abundant lumber Three causes may be given for this : It is the a re imported in Raw sugar is exported and then policy of the British government to discourage manu

of any importanco fined state . The only manufactures

facturing in its colored colonies . The raw material ,

, dyewood are cigars , cigarettes certain essential oils must be sent to the British Isles to provide work for by , , - extracts , biscuit making and hat making the last , the people there and then shipped back at a high hand . , , ; , duty second the nature of the education and third , ,

so like Why is the British islands the strangle hold the English banks had on the islands all this when , Cuba and Porto Rico could grow most of their own until within recent years . Two other minor causes , , of

of policy as food ? Simply was said because the are the almost annual destruction of certain crops in

government to irage by disco manufacture ; the British

hurricanes and praedial larceny . , is the colored colonies . Again the tariff framed for Excepting a few of the Bahama islets all of the .

, As first to make revenue for the islands West India islands and British Guiana are of unbe two reasons , is was said most of the taxation indirect and comes , .

fertility , lievable The farmer as the saying goes

from a high ad valorem duty -- even as high as 16 2-3 to it

laughs a has but tickle the soil and with harvest . ,

preference to

to give per cent — and second British He has not a twentieth part of the trouble of the , , ,

, bridges as carts products many of which such bricks , , . American farmer The planting of corn for instancr

duty . ! ocomotives and machinery are free . is . is a simple process The bush cut down and burnt

of the of come's go More than half revenue Jamaica Women then over the ground and with a single of

. exception from the ad valorem With the Trini stroke of the hoe make holes at regular intervals . considerably all imports of exceel , dad the the islands Boys follow with baskets of corn throw in four ,

the exports . grains and kick the soil over them with their feet . A . There few weeks later the weeds are removed Why ? is no . A pro pointed in more trouble the be until harvest similar The explanatio : will found wihat was , is many cess followed crops as namely with other bananas beginning of that the out at the these articles ,

and to

peas . thing greatly in of Another favor the earliest Europeans came to exploit and not settle is of In a West Indian that most the valuable crops are and that that policy has remained unchanged . , , , , - perennial . Bananas cocoa cocoa nuts cotton kola country where the bulk of the population wears little , go , , , nut coffee sugarcane pimento pineapples and many and inexpensive clothing , barefooted the year , , , , , other products once plnated will thrive generation round and live in small dwellings shacks and mud

hope of , after generation with little care . Again there are huts exploitation through food is the only of , as , , dozens mangoes be to pay fruits avocado pears guavas the trader . The peasant must made anil , , ,

apples of a , guineps daily - herrings corn dozen diverse kinds papaws to pay high for his salt fish and , , ,

cherimoyas plums as as agricultural he gets naseberries and well such meal . In return little for his , , , , as jack - - of dis edibles it deliberately fruit bread fruit and varieties products . government seems

The , , in a or all in nuts growing wild almost wild state courages the preservation of the surplus food stuffs in .

profusion to they the most lavish From April Septem which are highly perishable -- at the time are

, high

, through

a in of peasantry

mangoes plague many to ber are veritable the season in order bleed the , , of

on .. policy islands . They fall from the trees in heaps to breed import duties food This course makes , ; , , .

as Barbour great swarms of fies man bird and beast being the revenue sure one must eat Sir David in to a royal the West Indies of long And commission tired them before the season ends . who headed , spite of all this large quantities of jam are imported some years ago declared that the Jamaican tariff was of in “ from England . Fruit that would bring a fortune to the most brutal existence and worse than that

goes to . the American canners absolute waste There Egypt . ”

no jam worthy of . Mr. Glad high are factories the name One explanation of the necessity for the tariff , of

suggested paid to stone once the establishment such fac is the enormous salaries officials who are

governor of .

beyond a English

making pun “ nearly always tories but about making Ja For instance the , ; a of

jam " he a year maica into successful maker did nothing Barbados gets $ 12,500 the Governor the . it

about . place more gets $ 10,000 State of New York Yet Barº , , of in ,

. one Again hogs thrive on these fruits Yet ham bados the middle New York State and in on a pork quantities a day bacon and salt vast are imported . would have to travel nearly whole fast train an to it . .

of 10,000,000 population With abundance grass and some of the finest reach New York has ,

, 170,000 . whose pastures in the world cattle are easily reared . Sheep Barbadoes The same with Trinidad of . $ 25,000 and goats can also be reared with little trouble . Yet Governor gets The Governor Jamaica , .

quantities of pickled President in salary The vast beef and condensed milk gets $ 35,000 and allowances

are imported . Almost all of the butter comes from of the United States gets $ 75,000 . Yet Jamaica is , . of a abroad The seas teem with fish yet thousands smaller than Connecticut and has a half million less $ a of gets 12,000

- of Hughes herring . Secretary tons salted cod fish and are brought in population State , .505 THE MESSENGER [ October 1922. vear : the Colonial Secretary of Jamaica get $ 10,000 ; it is , of course , to their interest to see that the old the Chief Justice of the United States gets $ 15,000 ; order holds — that imports shall exceed exports , that that of Jamaica gots $ 10,000 . And so on with a host the islands shall continue to be unable to feed them of other officials . Then there is the enormous pension selves . In 1920-21 , the import of Jamaica were iist , and the honorariums that are sometimes voted . were $ 51,568,410 ; the exports $ 35,730,050 . The island Merchants and others of the exploiting class in had to pay $ 16,000,000 to the outside world for the power also make huge profits from the foodstuffs , and privilege of existence .

The Friends of Negro Freedom

MARCUS GARVEY MUST GO ! Since the different addresses will appear in suc cessive issues of the MESSENGER no excerpts THE campaign inaugurated by the Friends of Negro are quoted from them here. Freedom against Marcus Garvey and his organi At the first meeting a few Garvey fanatics at zation is now in full swing . It has dealt this un tempted interruptions , quickly mitigated prevaricator a body blow . but the crowd closed them down . At the second meeting every man who During the entire month of August , when it was interrupted was put out immediately by the police. hot and rainy , more than two thousand people came At the third meeting no one interrupted . One man out at 3 o'clock every Sunday afternoon and listene : asked a question at the fourth meeting and the to scholarly acidresses upon the emptiness of Garvey's police put him out before the crowd , impatient and claims , the impossibilities of his schemes , the insin angry , might handle him roughly . The crowd real cerity of the man , the unreliability of his word , the ized that the disturbers were trying to becloud the littleness of his accomplishments , the mischief and issue because they could not refute the arguments . menace of his attempted deal with the race's worst In short the sane , honest and conscientious people enemy -- the Ku Klux Klan of America . The first of New York are through with Garvey . address was delivered by William Pickens , former No national line was evident in this fight, either . dean of Morgan College, Baltimore , Maryland , and

Practically all intelligent now Field Secretary for the National Association for the decent and West Indians

in New York fought with us against the black Ku the Advancement of Colored People . His subject was

Klux ally . “What To Do When Negro Leaders League With

In the next issue an article will appear on the “ Negro Lynchers ." Col ,

lapse of Garvey " so we pass The second address was delivered by A. Philip the Convention shall by over this question saying the convention was a Randolph , co - editor of THE MESSENGER magazine

delegates , farce with about 150 not 150,000 as Garvey and candidate for Secretary of State in New York on

published in “ Negro . ” It laugh the Socialist and Labor Party tickets, the highest nom the World was the

ing stock of the white people and an humiliation to ination which a Negro has ever received on a regular

all respecting- colored people . political party's ticket in the greatest state in the Uni- . self

- Garvey campaign of of ted States and the richest in the world . His subject The anti the Friends Ne

gro Freedom has left on the lips of every sensible was : “ The Only Way to Redeem Africa ." , Negro in New York the slogan and in his mind the The third address was delivered by Chandler Owen , , determination that “ Marcus Garvey Must Go ! " co -editor of The MESSENGER magazine and Executive Secetary of the Friends of Negro Freedom . His

, Jul subject was : “ A Program for Negroes Everywhere ” 340KOMMUNIKATION ADMINTON including an answer to the question : " Should Marcus Deported Garvey Be ? " THE NOVEMBER Pickens proved conclusively that Garvey entered into a deal to sell out the rights of the Negro to the most vicious anti - Negro organization in the history MESSENGER of the world the Ku Klux Klan .

Randolph showed that Garvey's method for re * WILL BEGIN A SERIES OF ARTICLES ON deeming Africa was unsound and impossible , that Garvey had no desire to redeem Africa , but only to LOVE , MARRRIAGE AND collect money fr.) ın hard working Negroes under the pretense that he could or would free Africa from white domination . DIVORCE Robert W. Bagnall proved that Garvey was mad ; Judge that, in line with the suggestion of Jacob By Chandler Owen Panken before whom Garvey's civil suit for fraud was tried , Garvey was a paranoiac . DON'T MISS THEM ! Chandler Owen presented 2 practical program for the Negro and proved that Garvey could and should le deported . October, 1922 . THE MESSENGER 503 )

BOOK REVIEWS . THE BOOK OF , a AJERICAN NEGRO POETRY Chosen In looking forward the author strikes new vote and edited with an essay on The Negro's Created or " Negro in the United States has achieved been Genius , by James Weldon Johnson . (Harcourt , Brace The

is tbought . he placed in a ll'hen and Company . certain artistic niche , , , go ,

- - singing shuffing

it is as a happy lucky of artistically .

or figure

or as a pathetic The chief worth of Mr. Johnson's Book of Ameri banjo picking- being more less of a picture oi him is in log cabin amid fields cution can Negro Poetry lies in liis essay on the Negro's The by

is naturaliy

. Negro or dialect and illuminating z10n3 the levees Creative Genius. This is both and mas long association the exact instrument for veicing this

primarily ; by terful. It is defensive because of the ten phase of Negro life and that very exactress it is an , dency of the great " I Ams" to subtract credit from instrument with two full stops humor and paibos . So , even when he confines himself to purely racial themes us the minute our even smutty tunes are popularized the Aframerican poet realizes that there are phasese of with different words . Thus we find the author labori Negro lite in the United States which cannot be treated , , of ously proving that we are the originators jazz the in the dialect either adequately or artistically . Take por , , in rising of blues , and other such syncopation and accompanying example the phases out iiie liarlem ibiát

. I deny most wonderful Negro city in the world do not

populace in dances that have the their grip today . that a Negro in a log cabin is more picuresque than a , : of proud Negro in We are this painstaking presentation how vero in i Häilen flat but the the Harlem flat , ,

is he is part of a group growing everywhere ever for although we are ashamed of some of the here and but

, becomirg in

a group in the country whose ideals are themes ourselves , still the tunes are great and when

of traditionally ( reasingly more vital than the artistic is the credit handed out free of charge we want our iven if its members are less picturesque .

share . " What the colored poet in the United States needs to ; " he

do is something Synge But of more potential importance is the narrative like what did for the Irish

needs to find a form that will express the racial spirit of . Phillis Wheatley . The author quite feasibly sug by symbols from within rather than by symbols from

gests to Washington as

she was first hail General , without such as the mere mutilation of English spelling

" in peace . ” . First This shows careiul research He and pronunciation . He needs a form that is freer and

jarger , also remarks : than dialect but which will still hold the racial ; , , flavor a form expressing the imaginary the idioms the " Wheatley given , Phillis has never been her rightful peculiar turns of thought and the distinctive humor and , , ,

place in

. By pathos of Negro be capable American literature some sort of conspiracy too the but which will also is , of

kept of voicing deepest highest aspira she out most of the books especially the text the and emotions and in , , books on literature . used the schools Of course she tions and allow of the widest range of subjecis and the is a great scope of . not American poet -and in her day there were widest treatment

great " In stating popis in -- no poets is American but she an important Ameri . the need for Aframerican the to a of , , poet . form importance if United States out new and can Her for no other reason rests work distinctive , , is in I to be to on the fact that save one she the first order of expression do not wish understood hold any , of of poets . theory they to Negro poetry time all the women America And she is that should limit themselves ; to

they to

among of racial themes to the sooner the first all American poets issue a volume . " are able write , American poetry spontaneously . the better . Nevertheless

proof I Negro And substantial follows the assertion . believe that the richest contribution the Doet

can make to American literature of the future will be Foreign poets in a come for generous appraisal . it of . " the fusion into his own individual artistic gifts -

They were of Latin countries where prejudice was ,

strong they to be . less hence were not forced intence ( “ Aframerican ” is a word of the author's own ly , . as racial Many were real National poets such make . We are not asked to adopt it . ) by

hopeless of is a has been the dream some American Ne The book well edited distinguished . poet

groes . be in For that reason Mr. Johnson thinks the and scholar and should found every poet - lover's

greatest poets of the race from the have cone Latins library . to and so many

will . continue do years 1. for FLOYD CALVIN . Who's Who

TOM WATSON persecute the Catholics . His race prejudice made

of Negroes him a wicked misrepresenter the and the

to upon TOM WATSON is gone . We have shed tears over Jews His desire for office incluced him seize it - of

. ecstacy tears ecstacy But emanates from every form of sensation which might firing him per We -

joy or two emotions extreme extreme sorrow . sonal supporters . . a leave it to the faithful reader to judge from which Some people thought Tom Watson was liberal . by emotion we shed them Even the radicals were at times deceived his utter . Tom Watson was more than the typical Southern ances The only comment necessary here is 10 point of out that those who still hold to the ideals chattel demagogue . He combined learning with the worst . as be spirit of the South . His reigieus bigotry led him to slavery cannot considered radicals or liberals 310 THE MESSENGER [October , 1922 .

Verily they are far removed from ihe modern con Well, let us give Tom Watson a decent burial. Let his grave a cluster of Negro shacks as a servative. David Karsner in the New York Call us roll over monument to his service . makes a very happy comment on Watson in saying :

The Georgia " crackers " seem to have celebrated the We would add that Georgia cannot get a worse funeral of their departed idol . Tom Watson , in true Senator than Watson . It will not le difficult to get cüvalierly style . On the day that Tom Watson was ir better one . Her only complaint against Watson lowerd into the earth a mob at Wrightsville , Ga ., lynched should be that he lived too long . May the old Devil the ninth Negro in sixty days . It seems to me the act ! no go peace sin more was , fitting tribute to the memory of Watson . in and

Open Forun , , Editors , THE MESSENGER , Editors TIIE MESSENGER

My good brought a copy of

. to begin $ Enclosed is check for 1.50 for sub with friend Mrs. Lewis me , , n . : last December your magazine the first I had ever ser and after it all I to I am

of reading through say delighted

or copies I have had one two the MESSENGER wish that it .

by with . I and know it well reputation heard Mr. Owen , of I

I on page something

meeting in see 140-142 what Speak at a public Pasadena and look You will

of splendid your is doing along to forward reading and passing on the magazine regu think the work race , larly educational lines . , .

ALICE PARK University is my pet University I always . Pasadena Cat Fisk and ,

I pro spend at least one month there and think their , , in as I Editors THE MESSENGER fessors are as capable any have found the

white colleges . I would make special mention of

Just a note to tell you again of the pleasure and , Prof. Talley whom I consider the equal if not the by interest occasioned your visit to this city and I of superior to any teacher Chemistry that have met , your personal visit with me my family and friends . to speak

I I qualified anywhere . think am forl have up I trust that you will not fail to look me should

been in touch with many of the leading Universities , you again is visit Seattle and this invitation like , . in this country The earnestness the enthusiasm with

wise extended to any of your co - workers . which the colored boys and girls go about their work ,

By way my girl is an stamp the eldest ardent col has always been a great joy and comniort to me and

I in subject lector and take some interest the from has been such a splendid vindication for all the Aboli , , , . its bearing on history geography and typography so tionists claimed for the black race , I to on to an I in of

pass you interesting a my want note read I am sending you copy book which Mrs.

April of Stamp . It the ist issue Mekeel's News oc , Lewis tells me you have already read but I want you , by in an J. of is curs article Fred Melville London . My theory of

a your to possess copy own that ,

England “ Nyasa entitled British Central Africa and by only education can we ever break down race pre . land Protectora " quotes Harry Melville Sir Johnson judice . on of ,

the of functions the Post Office Exchange With sincere appreciation of the splendid work

especially regard to or as to with the native runners post you arc doing for your own race as well edu .

NICI , , I cate the whites am " , at of 25 : These men travel the rate niles a day and

AMY D. WINSHIP . are wonderfully faithful and careful in the delivery

of their precious charges . Cases have been known , postal , where carriers have been drowned in the cross Editors THE MESSENGER by

ing of fooded rivers their obstinacy in not part ,

may be of it ing from their mail bags , and where they have fought Enclosed some account since was a by

synopsis of my report or given bravely and successfully against odds in an attack by the lecture Mr. , . to many speakers highay . Owen I've listened able but robhers The Negro of Central Africa has never , one a of original sensible . genuine respect , with such flow humor Not for the written word . Of course

!, one sentence but did not convey some worth while the time on will come whe attendant the growth of ,

thought . Irving a reputation as a civilization , native postmen will probably commit Cobb has humorist , is unable to a to , but hold candle Chandler Owen of registered as robberies letters is occasionally done ,

though he speaks to large gatherings duped lny European who are ” their colleagues —but at the present , into paying a dollar to hear the lion roar which is

perfectly in time our mails are safe their hands . "

part of .

is quile a This boost for civilization . the most humorous the lecture Mr. Cobb makes the statement from the platform himself and , Seattle Was . , the crowd agrees with that fact with added applause . C. WALKER SMITH . Owing to the fact that Mr. Owen is a brunette in October , 1992 . TBB HBSSENGER 511 stead of a blonde h2 cannot afford to hire the Audi GARY RAISES STEEL WAGES 20 PER CENT torium or charge a dollar for admission . He must By SOULE waste his energy for smaller return , though his GEORGE cause is more worthy and unselfish than Irving Cobb's .

of significant in Americanism was Mr. Owen's subject and what he ONE the most recent events the is told us that WAS NOT in accord with Americanismi industrial world the increase of twenty per

in wages of ' in in would fill a book . Following a few stray thoughts cent the common abor the steel by dustry , from the discourse . “ How can I hear what you say which was first announced the United States up Corporation by

Steel independ - when what you are is ringing in my ears . " In and was taken the . ents All sides have been speculating as to the times of war most of the leadership was from the causes

and meaning of this advance . rear . Roosevelt in his charge up San Juan Hill made

thing be definitely is it it from behind a troop of colored soldiers .” It was The first that can said that tine Negroes who charged . " The only way you can was not prompted by any generosity towards the . get hold of the wealth of the world is to stay in the workers The new rates amount only to $ 3.60 a day of . office and work on the fellow outside who is work for ten hours work They are only 80 per cent

ing ." " What is the difference in cannibalism , cook above the rock bottom wages paid in 1915 and thus

ing a man without eating him or eating hiin without the purchasing power of the new wages is hardly ,

greater of wages paid cooking ?" Socialism is a philosophy of intelligence . than the before the war since , to

of living according American people do not grasp it more readily because the cost the United States De up , In . as they are a class of low intelligence. Useless for me partment of Labor has gone almost much Corporation paid to review the lecture further , but I do not think I 1920 the Steel common labor 153 ,

of living overlooked much of it and sent the report into the per cent above the 1915 rate when the cost Record , our evening paper that gives space to every was only about 120 per cent above 1915. The pur , , so is

power of wages thing I write . Recently we have had an interesting chasing the new therefore not paid during

of wages great as discussion : " What Is A Gentleman ?" I was quite that the the recent booin elated when a woman recited an incident that occurred and the advance seems large only because of the ter on the car when tired and heavily laden she boarded, riffic reductions which preceded it . to to be courteously offered a seat by a colored man while The main reason for the increase is no difficult up

- grade

ignored is on in general those of her own color her . I had to add guess . Business the and my . bit that I enclose . I am a white woman taught steel production is booming For weeks employment , go all of to respect people for what they are but course agencies have been advertising for nen to into the

. companies get there was a wee bit of feeling I guess until I conr steel mills The could not the men

menced to get in touch and study the race of colored they needed at the low rates of pay offered and conse . . to people I my

eyes to quently the bids Then had opened many things . had raise ,

is steel I've been in correspondence with both colored men Another reason the fact that the demand for

coupled provisions , will enable and women for this purpose . I've met a few and so with the new tariff

everything . I Mary far find commendable met the mills to raise their prices and the preliminary in

; they Ovington every give an had two letters from her and seek crease of wages will them excuse which

profiteering . in may to such opportunity to learn and my opinions are heeded offer their customers for , , of

to proportion of

of a owing

though do this town we not pose as any one As matter fact the small , ,

in a in . wages reputation . We are contemplating a coast to coast labor cost steel manufacture raise , by

, With best of prices

an equal percentage hike very soon now so may drop in . followed increased profits always , materially enlarges the steel manufac wishes for the paper and its cause we remain the of

turers . MYRA R. COLLINS .

possible the steel increase is the , Another reason for Pasadena Cal . any settlement of the coal strike without reduction

be paid to as

. long are in wages As union miners , Editors Tue MESSENGER , the highest wages they ever received non - union mines But get away any wage reduction . , , not with C — is for courage tried and true could wage - many of these non union mines raised their rates , H - is for heart sincere and pure , , '

of victory as a to the union scale result the niners , A - is action of word and deed kept

- industry while wages in the non union steel were , ,

N - is Negro for his race and cized down it would be easy for the most unintelligent ,

of organiza day to advantages he D - meaning duties performs each workman see the labor Corporation . an

in forcing

, Steel L - increase The ne stands for Labor defends on his way tion by therefore decided to take the bull the horns and , E - is enthusiasm that fills your soul in

in wages

" their make a " voluntary increase both

R - is for Equal Rights — his object and goal . mines and their mills before they were forced to do . by of themselves so organization the workers , O - stands for order that he keeps to The effects of the increase will be favorable the , W - is the eight of the words that he speaks Corpora . labor situation all along the line The Steel , he E - it

free and of people means Education wants fair tion employs hundreds of thousands and

N - Negro beyond acknowledged conditions stands for New compare . is generally that business . Floyd by Craw watching industry . can be foretold the steel The by , is Seattle Wash . business world therefore convinced this action 512 THE MESSENGER (October , 1922 .

that prosperity is near at hand, that they are facing STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT , CIRCU . a labor shortage and that the trend wages, of instead LATION , ETC. , REQUIRED BY THE ACT OF.. being of downward as during the past two years has CONGRESS OF AUG . 24 , 1912 . now definitely turned up . This state of inind will assist the railroad shopmen , who are striking partly ,

Of published , the MESSENGER monthly at New York ; against an ill - wage advised it help reduction will , , N. Y. for October 1 1922 . in the textile strikers in New England and labor

State of New York .

general . , County of New York , a STEEL Before me Notary Public in and ior the State and ,

county , aforesaid personally appeared A. Philip Randolph , just who having been duly according , deposes have : sworn law WE received a pamphlet entitled to ,

says is and that he the Editor of the MESSENGER " , UNITED STATES STEEL A

CORPORA , is

following to and that the the best of his knowledge A ” . , - ,

TION : WITH a

SOUL The sub of title follows and belief true statement the ownership - manage “ , ( , ,, if a daily

paper ) ' is . of a United States Steel remarkable organization ; ment and the circulation etc the

aforesaid publication for the date shown in the above

nothing it or . It is like exists ever existed in a class by , , , caption required the Act of August 24 1912 embodied hy by . ” it

say is in itself a We'll . class , , itself We in section 443 Postal Laws and Regulations printed on

Haynes , once heard John Holmes describe the difier the reverse of this form to wit : a

person a

ence . between and corporation He said : , 1. That the names and addresses of the publisher " A

person a ;

body an

has ; mortal and immortal soui managing , editor editor and business managers are : a , , ,

corporation an ichile · Messenger Publishing has immortal body and 110 soul Publisher The Co. Inc. 2305 7th , . ” , ; , at all Avenue New York Editor A. Philip Randolph 148 West a discovery But new has been made ! We 142nd Street , New York ; Managing Editor , Chandler by it is

part of a

speech . see that the Hon R.

Will ; , , Owen 103 West 141st Street New York · Business Man of . It

Wood Indiana . seems R. , that the Hon Will agers None . Wood would will for the United States Steel Corpo

2. That the owners are : ( Give names and addresses of to a , . Ii it ration have a agree soul has solil ! ı we wit , , , individual owners or if a corporation give its · Dame nothing it

him or

that . like exists ever existed We and the names and addresses of stockholders owning or

he spells 1 or of of . )

“ holding per

that ” notice steel with two Es but he couid cent more the total amount stock

Messenger Publishing , , , with equal propriety have written United States Co. Inc. 2305 7th Avenue New , , ; York A. Philip Randolph 148 West 14t2nd Street New , . If

memory us Steal our serves well there is still York ; Chandler Owen , 103 West 141st Street , New York ; , in some steel Indiana the state from , , ; which Mr. Will Robert Godet 32 West 136th “ treet New York Victor ; , , R.

R. Daly .. Wood hails and no 261 West 134th Street New York doubt this corporation to so : ll which he refers has too much to steai the steal , , 3. That the known bondholders mortgagees and other of his state . We agree the Congress with Honorable security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of , , . It of or man is a total amount bonds mortgages other securities remarkable organization - A Corporation

, Randolph : ( If . ) A. Philip

a are there are none so state - a s - o - l - e With Soul of steel whose iron heel crushes , ; , 148 West 142nd Street New York Chandler Owen ' 103

hopes of

the ideals of and the of hundreds thousands West 141st Street , New York ; Robert Godet , 32 West

it day men who work for after day . Some corpera 136th Street , New York ; Victor R. Daly , 261 West 134th , .

tion and some Congressman ! Street New York , 4. That the two paragraphs next above giving the , , , , THE NEGRO IN THE UNIONS names of the owners stockholders and security holders , if any contain not only the list of stockholders and secur . , as of

organ of ity they appear upon THE Advance official the Amalgamated holders the books the com ,

or security pany in the stockholder Clothing , but also cases where of Workers America makes a short pithy

holder appears upon the books of the company as trustee

upon Negroes in comment the Unions . This organi , or in any other fiduciary relation the name of the person is It of greatest in

zation one . the unions the , ; world or corporation for whom such trustee is acting is given $

2,000,000 in It a raised - in papagraphs six month strike 1920 . also that the said two contain statements em

bracing knowledge and belief as to the cir maintains one of the affiant's full finest educational systems of any cumstances and conditions under which stockholders and union . Its officers sympathetic are and intelligent .

security do appear upon of They holders who not the books the

keep of , Negro problem . The abreast the in a capac company as trustees hold stock and securities , , ; ;

ity of a Editor goes on to say other than that bonda fide owner and this affiant therefore the following : , has no reason to believe that any other person associa , in tion or corporation has any interest direct or indirect is

Why it that of Negro we read in , scabs almost every , big said stock bonds or other securities than as so stated strike ? Negroes Are the too stupid to understand by him . unionism ?

Negroes in many No. The parts of the United States 5. That the average number of copies of each issue of

given a have not been to , fair chance understand union this publication sold or distributed through the mails or . ism The , white in workers to don't want them the unions . otherwise paid subscribers during the six months pre

is particularly in is That true the South where the white ceding the date shown above ( This informa in a

workers will be seen a not union hall with is required daily black tion from publications only . ) . worker But in the North the Negroes are gradually , being taught CHANDLER OWEN Editor . of ' the value class solidarity . If all the

unions would , treat as fairly their colored brothers as

Sworn to and subscribed before me this 9th day of , ' Amalgamated the its Negro ' em treats members , the . ployers October 1922 be to would not able use race prejudice to split , ( My commission expires March 30 1923 . in of the workers time strike .

KENNETH DUNCAN .

Comment is We think the editor unnecessary . Register's New York Co. No. 4443 . it in a .

strikes nutshell Clerk's No. 240 . THE MESSENGER ( October , 1922 .

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The cartoons are coming back . The drawing which , , of appeared in July 1919 had the enviable distinction fly of in - a being placed on leaf the second volume the in ponderous Lusk Report on radicalism 1920. None other than the MESSENGER'S artist was even noticed

among Negroes . go Two copies of the MESSENGER monthly to the , L ' . S. Library of Congress another to the New York Pub , lic Library at 42nd Street and Fifth Avenue another to , the Harvard University Library another to the Princeton , University Library and still another to the French Lib , . rary of War Paris

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