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NOTE TO USERS This reproduction is the best copy available. UMI* TEXTS OF TENSION, SPACES OF EMPOWERMENT: Migrant Muslims and the Limits of Shi'ite Legal Discourse Linda Darwish A Thesis in The Department of Religion Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Concordia University Montreal, Quebec, Canada February 2009 © Linda Darwish, 2009 Library and Archives Bibliotheque et 1*1 Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington OttawaONK1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-63456-1 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-63456-1 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduce, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Plntemet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation. -
1 Islamic Cultures in the West Notes for Discussion Geoffrey W
1 Islamic Cultures in the West Notes for Discussion Geoffrey W. Sutton 7 October 2018 Sociological Data Muslim Population: World= 1.8 billion; USA= 3.45 million – about 1%; Europe about 10 Largest populations in countries (millions, rounded): Indonesia 170, Pakistan 136, Bangladesh 106, India 103 Note: Most Arabs are Muslims, most Muslims are not Arabs Those leaving Islam are about balanced by those converting to Islam Passages of Life Birth and Infancy Welcomed with Call to Prayer (adhaan) Sweet taste on baby’s lips On the seventh day Breastfeeding Genital cutting Circumcision as must for males Excision an honor for females Circumcision as purification (tahara)- usually on day 7; Childhood Parenting with prayers and the teaching of faith No contact rules affect children in non-Muslim schools Puberty and the age of transition from childhood to adulthood. Young Adulthood Clothing-women: hijab, niqab, burka, al-amira, Shayla, khimar, chador Clothing -men: thobe, ghutra and egal, bisht, serwal, shalwar and kameez, izar, turban Beards and mustaches “Halal dating” Celibacy Virginity Females, religious practices, menstruation No contact rules e.g., handshakes 2 No official same-sex relationships Weddings and Marriages Marriages as a social contract and an ideal Eligible Marriage partners Mahr (a man’s payment to women he intends to marry) Nikah (wedding)- a ceremony; A feast (walimah) Nikah mut’ah is a temporary marriage practiced by Shia Muslims but not Sunnis. Interfaith marriage prohibited traditionally but a common event Family Life Holy Days Eid al Adha (End of pilgrimage to Mecca) Eid al Fitr (End of Ramadan, ninth month of lunar calendar) Ashura: Sunni day remembering day Nuh (Noah) left the Ark and Musa (Moses) was saved from Egyptians Lailat al Qadr (27 Ramadan) First revelation to Prophet Muhammad. -
Power, Pain, Potential South Asian Americans at the Forefront of Growth and Hate in the 2016 Election Cycle Table of Contents
About South Asian Americans Leading Together (SAALT) South Asian Americans Leading Together (SAALT) is a national nonpartisan non-profit organization that fights for racial justice and advocates for the civil rights of all South Asians in the United States. Our ultimate vision is dignity and full inclusion for all. SAALT fulfills its mission through advocating for just and equitable public policies at the national and local level; strengthening grassroots South Asian organizations as catalysts for community change; and, informing and influencing the national dialogue on trends impacting our communities. SAALT is the coordinating entity for the National Coalition of South Asian Organizations (NCSO). Acknowledgements This report was written by Lakshmi Sridaran in consultation with Suman Raghunathan and Vivek Trivedi. Many thanks to Ami Gandhi and Swathi Shanmugasundaram for their research which serves as the basis for this report’s analysis. We would like to acknowledge the individuals, communities, and institutions that continue to fight each and every day to expose racism and protect our communities from hate violence. Thank you for your work to make our communities stronger and build our collective power. Finally, we would like to thank the Ford Foundation, Four Freedoms Fund, W.K. Kellogg Foundation, Open Society Foundations, and Proteus Fund for their generous support. Design by Design Action Collective Icons from The Noun Project POWER, PAIN, POTENTIAL South Asian Americans at the Forefront of Growth and Hate in the 2016 Election Cycle Table of Contents Executive Summary . 3. Definitions, Methodology, Limitations . 5 Demographic Context of South Asian American Growth Nationwide . 7 South Asian Americans in the South ...........................................................8 The Growth of the Undocumented South Asian American Population . -
University of Derby Muslim Women and the Hijab in Britain
Muslim women and the hijab in Britain: contexts and choices. Item Type Thesis or dissertation Authors Mackay, Kathryn Publisher University of Derby Download date 26/09/2021 18:47:39 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10545/306736 UNIVERSITY OF DERBY MUSLIM WOMEN AND THE HIJAB IN BRITAIN: CONTEXTS AND CHOICES. Kathryn Mary Mackay Doctor of Philosophy 2013 Contents 1 Glossary 5 Preface 7 Abstract 9 Acknowledgements 11 Chapter One: Religious and political context 13 1.1. Introduction 13 1.2. The Qur’anic basis of the hijab 15 1.3. The World Trade Centre attacks September 11th 2001 (9/11) 18 1.4. The War on Terror 20 1.5. The Iraq War 2003 20 1.6. The hijab in French state schools 22 1.7. The London Bombings 7th July 2005 (7/7) 26 1.8. The Jack Straw Controversy 27 1.9. Summary 31 Chapter Two: Literature review. 33 2.1. Introduction 33 2.2. Interpretation of Qur’anic instructions 34 2.3. Feminist arguments/interpretations against veiling 38 2.4. Restrictions on mixing with the opposite sex 44 2.5. Politics of the veil 46 2.6. Empirical research on the hijab in the West prior to 9/11 49 2.7. Impact of 9/11 54 2.8. Conversion 61 2.9. Dress and identity 62 2.10. Veiling as fashion 67 2.11. Summary 73 1 Chapter Three: Religion and Choice 75 3.1. Introduction 75 3.2. Rational Choice Theory 75 3.3. Rational Choice Theory and Religion 78 3.4. Rational Choice Theory and Social Constraints 82 3.5. -
THE EFFECT of RELIGIOUS DRESS on PERCEIVED ATTRACTIVENESS and TRUSTWORTHINESS by COURTNEY SWANK (Under the Direction of Michael Nielsen) ABSTRACT
Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of Fall 2018 The Effect of Religious Dress on erceivedP Attractiveness and Trustworthiness Courtney Swank Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd Part of the Cognition and Perception Commons, Experimental Analysis of Behavior Commons, Human Factors Psychology Commons, Islamic Studies Commons, Multicultural Psychology Commons, Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Commons, Personality and Social Contexts Commons, Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies Commons, Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons, Social Psychology Commons, and the Women's Studies Commons Recommended Citation Swank, Courtney, "The Effect of Religious Dress on erceivedP Attractiveness and Trustworthiness" (2018). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1856. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/1856 This thesis (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of at Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE EFFECT OF RELIGIOUS DRESS ON PERCEIVED ATTRACTIVENESS AND TRUSTWORTHINESS by COURTNEY SWANK (Under the Direction of Michael Nielsen) ABSTRACT The hijab, a symbol of modesty and privacy in the Islamic faith, negatively affects ratings of perceived attractiveness. Although postcolonial feminism strives to portray women as not one universal group, but as an incorporation of different races, ethnicities, social classes, and other cultures, the Western world may not be where it endeavors to be. In this study the impact of the hijab on people’s perceptions of attractiveness was examined. -
The Goal of the Muslim Brotherhood in America
FEBRUARY 2015 Shevat - Adar 5775 APIMAGES - EVAN VUCCI APIMAGES - EVAN MUSLIMS PRAYING IN FRONT OF U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. MUSLIMS ALSO PRAY INSIDE CONGRESS, DELIVERING OPENING PRAYERS TO ALLAH FOR THE CONGRESS MEN AND WOMEN WHO REPRESENT THE AMERICAN PEOPLE. FROM THEIR OWN PENS: THE GOAL OF THE MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD IN AMERICA By Shira Sorko-Ram pire which they call a Caliphate. Since the of world domination by building an indis- Muslim Brotherhood has 2000 branches in soluble network and then taking over the 70 countries, their strategies are out there country through elections. (This is what esearching the Muslim Brother- for anyone and everyone to find. the Ikhwan attempted to do in Egypt.) Ob- hood in America is a difficult mis- Whereas Islamic groups like ISIS (also viously they use terrorism when the time Rsion. It’s not that the objectives of called the Islamic State), al Qaeda or Boko and place is right, but with subterfuge and the Brotherhood are hard to find. Countless Haram in Nigeria are bent on raw terrorism superb organization, they plan to use physi- Islamic websites loudly proclaim their goal and violent warfare, the Brotherhood (Ikh- cal terrorism only when their numbers and to create and rule a world-wide Islamic em- wan in Arabic) prefer to reach their goal positions in government assure success. By Mail: By Phone: By Fax: Online: Follow: Maoz Ministries U.S. 800-856-7060 U.S. 214-677-0500 www.maozisrael.org maozisrael1 P.O Box 535788 CAN. 866-712-0188 www.istandwithisrael.com @maozisrael Grand Prairie, TX 75053-5788 U.K. -
Faith, Fashion and Femininity Visual and Audience Analysis of Indonesian Muslim Fashion Blogs
Faith, Fashion and Femininity Visual and Audience Analysis of Indonesian Muslim Fashion Blogs Aulia Rahmawati School of Journalism, Media and Cultural Studies Cardiff University This thesis is submitted to Cardiff University in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2016 Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my primary supervisor, Dr. Cynthia (Cindy ) Carter because of her patience, support and belief I finally finished this study. Also to my second supervisor, Prof. Paul Bowman, his word of encouragement kept me going until the end of the journey. I am especially thankful for academic and administration staffs from Jomec-Cardiff University that have been extremely helpful in creating a stimulating and vibrant academic environment during the past four years. I would also like to express my deep and profound appreciation to all my friends and colleagues in the department of Journalism, Media and Cultural Studies, especially class of 2012 that have been together with me all along the journey and adversity of PhD degree. We know that it is a long and sometimes a scary journey, but I’ve never feel lonely because of their companionship. To my family in Indonesia, my parents, brothers and sisters-in-law that constantly encourage me, I am deeply grateful for. And foremost, to my husband Arif and my son, Marell, this thesis is dedicated for both of you. We have been battered and bruised along the way, and yet in the end we are standing still. I can’t wait for our next adventure! ii Abstract Although a seemingly trivial subject, fashion blogs could be put into the same categories as other feminine genres such as magazines, soap operas and romance novels that have been shown by feminist scholars to be worthy of scholarly attention. -
Pierre De Gigord Collection of Photographs of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey, 1850-1958
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt038nd8h9 Online items available Finding Aid for the Pierre de Gigord Collection of Photographs of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey, 1850-1958 Beth Ann Guynn Finding Aid for the Pierre de Gigord 96.R.14 1 Collection of Photographs of the Ottoman Empire and t... Descriptive Summary Title: Pierre de Gigord Collection of Photographs of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey Date (inclusive): 1850-1958 (bulk 1853-1930) Number: 96.R.14 Creator/Collector: Gigord, Pierre de Physical Description: 243.7 Linear Feet(176 boxes, 2 flatfile folders, 1 frame) Repository: The Getty Research Institute Special Collections 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 1100 Los Angeles 90049-1688 [email protected] URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10020/askref (310) 440-7390 Abstract: Spanning roughly one hundred years, the collection of over 6,000 photographic images forms a visual record of the late years of the Ottoman Empire and the formation and early years of the Republic of Turkey. The collection focuses on cultural and urban images, mainly of Constantinople (Istanbul), the capital of the Ottoman Empire, but other geographic areas, such as the Balkans, and other cities and towns within the empire such as Bursa and Smyrna (Izmir) are included, as are a few images from sites in Greece, Egypt, Jerusalem, India and China. The work of over 165 photographers is represented in the collection. The collection is supported by a small group of pamphlets and offprints regarding photography in the Ottoman Empire and by a small assemblage of photographic ephemera. -
Muslim and Middle Eastern Clothing, Jewelry, Make- up Introduction
Welcome to Horace Mann's Webpage on: Muslim and Middle Eastern Clothing, Jewelry, Make- up Introduction: What Influences What We Wear? Clothing worn by all people is influenced by the climate, available materials, and cultural traditions which include social status, group identity, and religion. Climate: People living in a desert environment often covered up in loose clothing to protect themselves from the sun and to keep cool. White clothing was cooler than dark clothing in the sunlight. And head coverings were important for protection against the sun, too. Fabrics: Five main fabrics were available for clothing. Cotton was a cool fabric. In winter or in cold environments, clothing was commonly made of wool. Camel hair was also woven into clothing for cold weather. Some clothing was made from plant fibers called linen. Silk was imported from China or Persia and was very expensive, so only the rich could afford it. Traditions, status, and group identity: Cultural traditions were also important in style of clothing. There were many differences in clothing throughout the medieval Islamic World. In each culture, clothing showed the social status of its people. Married and unmarried women might wear different clothing or head coverings. Young girls would not be required to wear the clothing of older girls nearing the age of marriage and married women may wear another style of clothing. Rich and poor, educated and uneducated, military or civilian might wear different styles of clothing which showed who they were and their occupation or status. Clothing worn out in public would be very different from clothing worn in the home, especially for women. -
Explore Equip Engage
20 YEARS EXPLORE EQUIP ENGAGE SAHARA CHALLENGE MANUAL 2021 Muslims are searching. Go prepared. Written and compiled by Fouad Masri © 2021 Crescent Project. All rights reserved. No portion of this manual may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Published in the United States of America. Quotations from the Qur'an are from The Quran Translation, 7th Edition, by Abdullah Yusef Ali (Elmhurst NY: Tahrike Tarsile Quran, Inc., 2001 ). All Scripture quotations, unless otherwise indicated, are taken from the HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved. “The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy; I have come that they may have life, and have it to the full.” – Jesus (John 10:10) Greetings in the name of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ! I welcome you to Sahara Challenge, an intensive, practical training program designed to prepare Christians for a biblical, effective ministry among Muslims. Crescent Project is an interdenominational Christian ministry focused on helping fulfill the Great Commission to the Muslim world. Our goal is to see every Muslim have an opportunity to respond to the Gospel and be connected to a true follower of Jesus. Millions of Muslims today have never heard the Gospel. Our Challenge is to take the gospel message to the hearts of spiritually thirsty Muslims. They are in need of the living water, our Lord Jesus Christ. Confidence is needed as we minister. -
Shari'ah | Islamic Law | Religion
Ethics Theses 30 Ijtihād Maqāsidi The Interconnected Maslahah-Based Reconstruction of Islamic Laws A. Halil Thahir Interconnectedness The Prophet Muhammad | Aurat | al-Hadith | Monot Tradition | Jilbab | Muslimah Clothing | Al- Islamic Culture | Mujtahid | Khimār | Equality The Qur’an | Ijtihād | The Sunnah | In Hijāb | Judisprudence | Women | Hanafi | Justi Shari’ah | Islamic Law | Religion Ijtihād Maqāṣidi The Interconnected Maṣlaḥah-Based Reconstruction of Islamic Laws Ijtihād Maqāṣidi The Interconnected Maṣlaḥah-Based Reconstruction of Islamic Laws A. Halil Thahir Globethics.net Theses No. 30 Globethics.net Theses Director: Prof. Dr. Obiora Ike, Executive Director of Globethics.net in Geneva and Professor of Ethics at the Godfrey Okoye University Enugu/Nigeria. Series editor: Ignace Haaz, Ph.D Globethics.net Theses 30 A. Halil Thahir, Ijtihād Maqāṣidi: The Interconnected Maṣlaḥah-Based Reconstruction of Islamic Laws Geneva: Globethics.net, 2019 ISBN 978-2-88931-220-7 (online version) ISBN 978-2-88931-221-4 (print version) © 2019 Globethics.net Managing Editor: Ignace Haaz Assistant Editor: Samuel Davies English Translation: Maufur Globethics.net International Secretariat 150 route de Ferney 1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland Website: www.globethics.net/publications Email: [email protected] All web links in this text have been verified as of January 2019. This The electronic version of this book can be downloaded for free from the Globethics.net website: www.globethics.net. The electronic version of this book is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY- NC-ND 4.0). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. This means that Globethics.net grants the right to download and print the electronic version, to distribute and to transmit the work for free, under the following conditions: Attribution: The user must attribute the bibliographical data as mentioned above and must make clear the license terms of this work; Non- commercial. -
From Istanbul to Islambul (The City of Islam) Turkey
From Istanbul to Islambul (The City of Islam) Turkey IN THE WAKE OF AN ISLAMIC AWAKENING 1 From Istanbul to Islambul (The City of Islam) - Turkey – In the Wake of an Islamic Awakening First Edition: Rabi-ul-Aakhir 1437 (January 2017) Author : Abu Muhammad ibn Dawood Qadhi Contact via email: [email protected] 2 Contents Page TURKEY .......................................................................................................................... 1 PREFACE ......................................................................................................................... 4 FIRST IMPRESSIONS LAST ............................................................................................... 4 A CITY BROUGHT BACK TO LIFE – ................................................................................... 5 A MESSAGE THAT ISLAM SHALL NEVER DIE .................................................................... 5 FROM CONSTANTINOPLE TO ISLAMBUL (THE CITY OF ISLÂM) ....................................... 7 WHAT MADE IT SO HARD TO CONQUER? ....................................................................... 8 THE CONQUEST OF CONSTANTINOPLE AND THE REALIZATION OF THE GLAD TIDINGS: ..................................................................................................................................... 16 THE END OF THE MIDDLE AGES AND THE BEGINNING OF THE MODERN ERA ............... 23 THE CONQUEST OF CONSTANTINOPLE IN THE LIGHT OF THE NARRATIONS ................. 25 THE SULEIMÂNIYA MASJID – AN ARCHITECTURAL