Relative Medullary Thickness of Shrews from Arid Environments: Intraspecifi C Spatial Analysis, and Comparison to Arctic Shrews and Tropical Tenrecs
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Mammals of the California Desert
MAMMALS OF THE CALIFORNIA DESERT William F. Laudenslayer, Jr. Karen Boyer Buckingham Theodore A. Rado INTRODUCTION I ,+! The desert lands of southern California (Figure 1) support a rich variety of wildlife, of which mammals comprise an important element. Of the 19 living orders of mammals known in the world i- *- loday, nine are represented in the California desert15. Ninety-seven mammal species are known to t ':i he in this area. The southwestern United States has a larger number of mammal subspecies than my other continental area of comparable size (Hall 1981). This high degree of subspeciation, which f I;, ; leads to the development of new species, seems to be due to the great variation in topography, , , elevation, temperature, soils, and isolation caused by natural barriers. The order Rodentia may be k., 2:' , considered the most successful of the mammalian taxa in the desert; it is represented by 48 species Lc - occupying a wide variety of habitats. Bats comprise the second largest contingent of species. Of the 97 mammal species, 48 are found throughout the desert; the remaining 49 occur peripherally, with many restricted to the bordering mountain ranges or the Colorado River Valley. Four of the 97 I ?$ are non-native, having been introduced into the California desert. These are the Virginia opossum, ' >% Rocky Mountain mule deer, horse, and burro. Table 1 lists the desert mammals and their range 1 ;>?-axurrence as well as their current status of endangerment as determined by the U.S. fish and $' Wildlife Service (USWS 1989, 1990) and the California Department of Fish and Game (Calif. -
Suisun Marsh Tidal Marsh and Aquatic Habitats Conceptual Model
Suisun Marsh Tidal Marsh and Aquatic Habitats Conceptual Model References In-Progress DRAFT October 27, 2010 Suisun Marsh Habitat Management, Restoration and Preservation Plan IN-PROGRESS DRAFT References / Suisun Marsh Plan Tidal Marsh and Aquatic Habitats Conceptual Model Adams, P.B., C.B. Grimes, J.E. Hightower, S.T. Lindley, and M.L. Moser. 2002. Status Review for North American Green Sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris. National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center. 49 pages. Adams, P.B. 1990. Saltmarsh Ecology. Cambridge University Press. 473 pp. Albertson, J.D., and J. Evens. 2000. California clapper rail. In: Olofson, P.R. (ed.): Baylands Ecosystem Species and Community Profiles: life histories and environmental requirements of key plants, fish, and wildlife. Goals Project (Baylands Ecosystem Habitat Goals), San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board, Oakland, California. Alberston, J. D. 1995. Ecology of the California clapper rail in South San Francisco Bay. M.S. Thesies, San Francisco State Univ. 200 pp. Allen. J.R.L. 2000. Morphodynamics of Holocene salt marshes: a review from the Atlantic and southern North Sea concepts of Europe. Quaternary Science Review 19(12):1155-1231. Allen, M.A. and T.J. Hassler. 1986. Species profiles: Life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Southwest) - Chinook salmon. Allen, P.J. and J. Cech, Jr. 2006. Age/size effects on juvenile green sturgeon, Acipensermedirostris, oxygen consumption, growth, and osmoregulation in saline environments Environ Biol Fish 79:211–229. Applegarth, J. H. 1938. The ecology of the California clapper rail in the south arm of the San Francisco Bay. -
Conservation of Endangered Buena Vista Lake Shrews
CONSERVATION OF ENDANGERED BUENA VISTA LAKE SHREWS (SOREX ORNATUS RELICTUS) THROUGH INVESTIGATION OF TAXONOMIC STATUS, DISTRIBUTION, AND USE OF NON-INVASIVE SURVEY METHODS Prepared by: Brian Cypher1, Erin Tennant2, Jesus Maldonado3, Larry Saslaw1, Tory Westall1, Jacklyn Mohay2, Erica Kelly1, and Christine Van Horn Job1 1California State University, Stanislaus Endangered Species Recovery Program 2California Department of Fish and Wildlife Region 4 3Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological Park June 16, 2017 Buena Vista Lake Shrew Conservation CONSERVATION OF ENDANGERED BUENA VISTA LAKE SHREWS (SOREX ORNATUS RELICTUS) THROUGH INVESTIGATION OF TAXONOMIC STATUS, DISTRIBUTION, AND USE OF NON-INVASIVE SURVEY METHODS Prepared by: Brian Cypher, Erin Tennant, Jesus Maldonado, Lawrence Saslaw, Tory Westall, Jacklyn Mohay, Erica Kelly, and Christine Van Horn Job California State University-Stanislaus, Endangered Species Recovery Program California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Region 4 Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park CONTENTS Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................................... ii Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Methods ......................................................................................................................................................... -
Scale, Pattern and Process in Biological Invasions
SCALE, PATTERN, AND PROCESS IN BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS By CRAIG R. ALLEN A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 1997 Copyright 1997 by Craig R. Allen ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The work presented in this dissertation would not have been possible without the cooperation and encouragement of many. Foremost is the understanding of my immediate family, that is my wife Patty and now three-year-old son, Reece. Reece, while generally confused about what I was doing, nonetheless supported my effort to "write a book" in order to become a "doctor." Conflicts arose only when he needed my computer for dinosaur games. My co-advisors, W. M. Kitchens and C. S. Holling, encouraged my investigations and provided me with intellectual support and opportunity. For the same reasons, I extend my appreciation to my committee members, S. Humphrey, M. Moulton and D. Wojcik. Numerous friends and colleagues provided me with intellectual support and acted as a sounding board for ideas. Foremost are E. A. Forys, G. Peterson M. P. Moulton and J. Sendzemir as well as the entire "gang" of the Arthur Marshal Ecology Laboratory. I wish to thank all for their support and friendship. II! TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii ABSTRACT viii INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTERS 1. TRADITIONAL HYPOTHESES: INVASIONS AND EXTINCTIONS IN THE EVERGLADES ECOREGION 5 Introduction 5 Body-mass difference hypothesis 6 Diet difference hypothesis 7 Species replacement hypothesis 7 Phylogenetic hypothesis 8 Methods 8 Results 11 Discussion 14 2. LUMPY PATTERNS OF BODY MASS PREDICT INVASIONS AND EXTINCTIONS IN TRANSFORMING LANDSCAPES 18 Introduction 18 Methods and analysis 21 Species lists 21 Analysis 22 Results 26 Discussion 31 3. -
Tidal Marsh Recovery Plan Habitat Creation Or Enhancement Project Within 5 Miles of OAK
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Recovery Plan for Tidal Marsh Ecosystems of Northern and Central California California clapper rail Suaeda californica Cirsium hydrophilum Chloropyron molle Salt marsh harvest mouse (Rallus longirostris (California sea-blite) var. hydrophilum ssp. molle (Reithrodontomys obsoletus) (Suisun thistle) (soft bird’s-beak) raviventris) Volume II Appendices Tidal marsh at China Camp State Park. VII. APPENDICES Appendix A Species referred to in this recovery plan……………....…………………….3 Appendix B Recovery Priority Ranking System for Endangered and Threatened Species..........................................................................................................11 Appendix C Species of Concern or Regional Conservation Significance in Tidal Marsh Ecosystems of Northern and Central California….......................................13 Appendix D Agencies, organizations, and websites involved with tidal marsh Recovery.................................................................................................... 189 Appendix E Environmental contaminants in San Francisco Bay...................................193 Appendix F Population Persistence Modeling for Recovery Plan for Tidal Marsh Ecosystems of Northern and Central California with Intial Application to California clapper rail …............................................................................209 Appendix G Glossary……………......................................................................………229 Appendix H Summary of Major Public Comments and Service -
Mammals of Sedgwick Reserve Santa Barbara County, California Prepared by Paul W
Mammals of Sedgwick Reserve Santa Barbara County, California Prepared by Paul W. Collins November 30, 2000 Pouched Mammals (Marsupialia) Status at Sedgwick Opossums (Family Didelphidae) Virginia Opossum (Didelphis virginiana) Expected to occur Insect Eaters (Insectivoria) Status at Sedgwick Shrews (Family Soricidae) Ornate Shrew (Sorex ornatus) Observed Trowbridge’s Shrew (Sorex trowbridgii) Expected to occur Moles (Family Talpidae) Broad-footed Mole (Scapanus latimanus) Expected to occur Bats (Chiroptera) Status at Sedgwick Plainnose Bats (Family Vespertilionidae) California Myotis (Myotis californicus) Expected year-round resident Fringed Myotis (Myotis thysanodes) Expected summer visitor Yuma Myotis (Myotis yumanensis) Expected summer visitor Western Red Bat (Lasiurus blossevillii) Expected spring and fall migrant Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus) Expected spring and fall migrant Silver-haired Bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans) Expected spring and fall migrant Western Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus hesperus) Expected summer visitor Big Brown Bat (Eptesicus fuscus) Expected summer visitor Townsend’s Big-eared Bat (Plecotus townsendii) Expected year-round resident Free-tail Bats (Family Molossidae) Brazilian Free-tailed Bat (Tadarida brasiliensis) Expected year-round resident Western Mastiff Bat (Eumops perotis) Expected summer visitor Flesh-eaters (Carnivora) Status at Sedgwick Bears (Family Ursidae) Black Bear (Ursus americanus) Expected to occur Grizzly Bear (Ursus arctos) Extirpated Raccoons and Coatis (Family Procyonidae) Ringtail (Bassariscus -
Molecular Phylogenetics of Shrews (Mammalia: Soricidae) Reveal Timing of Transcontinental Colonizations
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44 (2007) 126–137 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Molecular phylogenetics of shrews (Mammalia: Soricidae) reveal timing of transcontinental colonizations Sylvain Dubey a,*, Nicolas Salamin a, Satoshi D. Ohdachi b, Patrick Barrie`re c, Peter Vogel a a Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland b Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan c Laboratoire Ecobio UMR 6553, CNRS, Universite´ de Rennes 1, Station Biologique, F-35380, Paimpont, France Received 4 July 2006; revised 8 November 2006; accepted 7 December 2006 Available online 19 December 2006 Abstract We sequenced 2167 base pairs (bp) of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b and 16S, and 1390 bp of nuclear genes BRCA1 and ApoB in shrews taxa (Eulipotyphla, family Soricidae). The aim was to study the relationships at higher taxonomic levels within this family, and in particular the position of difficult clades such as Anourosorex and Myosorex. The data confirmed two monophyletic subfamilies, Soric- inae and Crocidurinae. In the former, the tribes Anourosoricini, Blarinini, Nectogalini, Notiosoricini, and Soricini were supported. The latter was formed by the tribes Myosoricini and Crocidurini. The genus Suncus appeared to be paraphyletic and included Sylvisorex.We further suggest a biogeographical hypothesis, which shows that North America was colonized by three independent lineages of Soricinae during middle Miocene. Our hypothesis is congruent with the first fossil records for these taxa. Using molecular dating, the first exchang- es between Africa and Eurasia occurred during the middle Miocene. The last one took place in the Late Miocene, with the dispersion of the genus Crocidura through the old world. -
OAEC Wildlife List
Vertebrate Species of the Occidental Arts and Ecology Center * Indicates that species has not been positively sighted to date, but is expected to occur. This is a list of animals actually sighted by Brock Dolman from 7/31/94 to date. KINGDOM: ANIMALIA PHYLUM: VERTEBRATA CLASS: AMPHIBIA ORDER: CAUDATA (Salamanders) FAMILY: DICAMPTODONTIDAE (Mole Salamanders and Relatives) California Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon ensatus) FAMILY: SALAMANDRIDAE (Newts) California Newt (Taricha torosa) FAMILY: PLETHODONITDAE (Lungless Salamanders) Ensatina (Ensatina eschscholtzi) California Slender Salamander (Batrachoseps attenuatus) Arboreal Salamander (Aneides lugubris) * Black Salamander (Aneides flavipunctatus) ORDER: SALIENTIA (Frogs and Toads) FAMILY: HYLIDAE (Treefrogs and Relatives) Pacific Treefrog (Hyla)(Pseudacris regilla) FAMILY: RANIDAE (True Frogs) Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) CLASS: REPTILIA ORDER: TESTUDINES (Turtles) FAMILY: EMYDIDAE (Pond and Marsh Turtles) Western Pond Turtle (Clemmys marmorata) Pond Slider (Trachemys scripta) Introduced ORDER: SQUAMATA (Lizards and Snakes) SUBORDER: SAURIA (Lizards) FAMILY: IGUANIDAE (Iguanids) Northwestern Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis occidentalis) FAMILY: SCINCIDAE (Skinks) Western Skink (Eumeces skiltonianus skiltonianus) FAMILY: ANGUIDAE (Alligator Lizards and Relatives) Northern Alligator Lizard (Gerrhonotus coeruleus) Sub-species ?? *Southern Alligator Lizard (Gerrhonotus multicarinatus multicarinatus) SUBORDER: SERPENTES (Snakes) FAMILY: BOIDAE (Boas) Rubber Boa (Charina bottae bottae) FAMILY: -
The Biological Resources Section Provides Background Information
4.5 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES The Biological resources section provides background information on sensitive biological resources within Napa County, the regulations and programs that provide for their protection, and an assessment of the potential impacts to biological resources of implementing the Napa County General Plan Update. This section is based upon information presented in the Biological Resources Chapter of the Napa County Baseline Data Report (Napa County, BDR 2005). Additional information on the topics presented herein can be found in these documents. Both documents are incorporated into this section by reference. This section addresses biological resources other than fisheries which are separately addressed in Section 4.6. 4.5.1 SETTING REGIONAL SETTING The Napa County is located in the Coast Ranges Geomorphic Province. This province is bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the east by the Great Valley geomorphic province. A dominant characteristic of the Coast Ranges Province is the general northwest- southeast orientation of its valleys and ridgelines. In Napa County, located in the eastern, central section of the province, this trend consists of a series of long, linear, major and lesser valleys, separated by steep, rugged ridge and hill systems of moderate relief that have been deeply incised by their drainage systems. The County is located within the California Floristic Province, the portion of the state west of the Sierra Crest that is known to be particularly rich in endemic plant species (Hickman 1993, Stein et al. 2000). LOCAL SETTING The County’s highest topographic feature is Mount St. Helena, which is located in the northwest corner of the County and whose peak elevation is 4,343 feet. -
List of Species Included in ACE-II Native and Harvest Species Richness Counts (Appendix C)
Appendix C. Species included in native and harvest species richness counts. Animal Species Included in the Range Analysis....... ............................ ................................. C-01 Animal Species with Range Models Not Included in the Analysis......................... ................. C-20 Animal Species without Range Models, therefore not Included in the Analysis......... ............ C-20 Fish Species Included in the Range Analysis.................................................................... ....... C-30 Fish with Ranges not Included in the Analysis because neither Native nor Harvest................ C-33 Native Plants Species Included in the Range Analysis............................................................. C-34 CWHR Species and ACEII hexagon analysis of ranges. Of the 1045 species in the current CWHR species list used in ACE-II, 694 had range models digitized for use. Of those, 688 are included in this hexagon analysis of the state of Cailfornia, with 660 of those classified as native to California. There were no additional species picked up offshore due to the use of hexagon centroid points. Animal species INCLUDED in this analysis. CODE COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME A001 CALIFORNIA TIGER SALAMANDER Ambystoma californiense NATIVE A002 NORTHWESTERN SALAMANDER Ambystoma gracile NATIVE A003 LONG-TOED SALAMANDER Ambystoma macrodactylum NATIVE A047 EASTERN TIGER SALAMANDER Ambystoma tigrinum INTROD A021 CLOUDED SALAMANDER Aneides ferreus NATIVE A020 SPECKLED BLACK SALAMANDER Aneides flavipunctatus NATIVE A022 -
Buena Vista Lake Shrew (Sorex Ornatus Relictus)
Buena Vista Lake Shrew (Sorex ornatus relictus) Legal Status State: Species of Special Concern Federal: Endangered Critical Habitat: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) designated critical habitat for the Buena Vista Lake Shrew in 2005. A revision of the critical habitat was pending as of January 2013. Recovery Planning: Recovery Plan for Upland Species of the San Joaquin Valley (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1998). In 2011, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) issued the Buena Vista Lake Shrew (Sorex ornatus relictus) 5-Year Review: Summary and Evaluation. In the 5-Year Review, USFWS recommended no change to the federal status of the species. Notes: No changes to status proposed or anticipated during the permit term. Taxonomy The Buena Vista Lake shrew is a subspecies of the ornate shrew. Ornate shrews are a small mammal with a body length average of 8.9–10.8 centimeters (cm) (3.5–4.2 inches), the tail length is about 3.2–4.4 cm (1.5–1.7 inches), and weighs 3–7grams (Jameson and Peeters 2004). The upper surface is brownish and the lower surface is smoke grey. The tail is not markedly bicolored and darkens toward the end (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1998). The coloration of the Buena Vista Lake shrew is distinctly darker, more grayish black, than brown. The body size is slightly larger and the tail is slightly shorter (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1998). Distribution General Ornate shrews occur throughout the Central Valley and Coast Range in California. The Buena Vista Lake shrew formerly occurred in the wetlands that existed around edges of Buena Vista Lake and may have also occurred throughout the Tulare Basin (U.S. -
Vegetation Management in Terrestrial Edges of Tidal Marshes
Peter R. Baye, Ph.D. Botanist, Coastal Ecologist P.O. Box 65 Annapolis, California 95412 (415) 310-5109 [email protected] VEGETATION MANAGEMENT IN TERRESTRIAL EDGES OF TIDAL MARSHES, WESTERN SAN FRANCISCO ESTUARY, CALIFORNIA Integrated Vegetation Management Strategies and Practical Guidelines for Local Stewardship Programs Prepared by Peter R. Baye, Ph.D. Coastal Plant Ecologist Prepared for: Marin Audubon Society, Mill Valley, California (Barbara Salzman, Project Manager) with funding provided by SAN FRANCISCO BAY JOINT VENTURE China Camp 2006 Newark Slough 2006 October 2008 Contents 1. Introduction 1.1 Terrestrial edges of tidal marshes in the western San Francisco Estuary 1.2 Management and restoration of terrestrial-tidal marsh edges 1.3 Purpose and need 1.4 Scope 2. Wildlife habitat and vegetation in terrestrial edges of salt and brackish tidal marshes of the San Francisco Estuary 2.1 Flood refuge habitat: essential high tide escape cover for resident tidal marsh wildlife 2.2 Levees and flood refuge habitat 2.3 Non-native predators and flood refuge habitat: moderate and excess terrestrial vegetation cover 2.4 Natural patterns of tidal marsh flood refuge habitat: creekbank gumplant vegetation 2.5 Natural patterns of flood refuge habitat: terrestrial scrub and grassland vegetation 3. Landforms and vegetation in terrestrial edges of salt and brackish tidal marshes of the San Francisco Estuary 3.1 Shore gradient landforms 3.1.1 Dikes (artificial levees) 3.1.2 Hillslopes 3.1.3 Lowlands: alluvial fans, beaches, and artificial fills 3.2 Weed vegetation and flora of San Francisco Estuary edges 3.3 Identifying weeds in tidal marsh edges 3.4 Historic and modern native vegetation of San Francisco Estuary tidal marsh edges: models and objectives for management 4.