1 Contents Singapore Introduction Your Business Partner For India I. Message from President, June 05 - May 06 Singapore Business Federation 14 II. Message from President, Mr George Abraham Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) 16 Chairman & M.D. [email protected] III. Message from Publisher, Mr Paul Tan East & Asia Pacifi c Trade & Industry Publications Pte Ltd 18 Business Development Consultant [email protected] 1. Singapore, Facts & Figures Ms Anne-Marie Research & Publications Executive 1.1. General Information 28 [email protected] 1.2. Facts, Figures and Graphs 29 Mr Dennis Tan Design & Multimedia Executive [email protected] 2. Why Establish a Business in Singapore

Mr Leslie Choo 2.1. Advantages of starting a business in Singapore 33 Business Development Executive [email protected] Ms Christine Li 3. Recent Developments in Singapore-India Relations Administration & Circulations Executive 3.1. Singapore’s Ongoing Free Trade Agreement with India (CECA) 37 [email protected] 3.2. Bilateral Relations 38 Mr Gopal Prabhakaran 3.3. Trade Statistics 39 Audit & Accounts Consultant [email protected] Published by: 4. How to Set Up A Business in Singapore East & Asia Pacifi c Trade & Industry Publications Pte Ltd 4.1 Policy for Government Approval 55 No.1 Shenton Way, #11-06 Singapore 068803 4.2 Type of Companies 56 Tel: (65) 6423 1078 4.3 Registering a Foreign Company Branch 57 Fax: (65) 6423 1079 www.gagrp.com 4.4 New Application for Representative Offi ce 58 4.5 Government Financing Schemes 58 Printed by: Markono Print Media Pte Ltd 21 Neythal Road, Singapore 628586 5. Singapore Infrastructure

M.I.C.A. (P) 206/05/2005 5.1. Air Transport: Changi Airport 60 © Copyright 2005. All Rights Reserved. East & Asia Pacifi c Trade & Industry 5.2. Ports: PSA 60 Publications Pte Ltd 5.3. Public Transport: MRT, Taxis and Bus Service 60 No part of this publication may be re- sold, reproduced or transmitted in any 5.4. Technology and Telecommunications 61 form or by any means without the 5.5. Water 61 written permission of the publisher. In the event of violation of its copyright, 5.6. Electricity and Gas Supply: Public Utility Board 61 East & Asia Pacifi c Trade & Industry 5.7. Environment and National Security 62 Publications Pte Ltd will take appropri- ate legal action to preserve its rights.

2 6. Major Industries

6.1. Chemicals 63 6.2. Bio-medical Sciences, Pharmaceuticals 63, 64 6.3. Electronics and Precision Engineering 64 6.4. Engineering Environmental Science 65 6.5. Infocommunication and Media 65 6.6. Logistics & Transport Engineering 66 6.7. Professional Services 66 6.8. Real Estate 69 6.9. Shared Services 69

7. Trade – Import and Export Regulations

7.1. Import Procedures 73 7.2. Export Procedures 74 7.3. Trans-shipment Procedure 75 7.4. Applying through TradeNet 75 7.5. Certifi cate of Origin 76

8. Tax Regulations

8.1. The Tax System 80 8.2. Types of Taxes 82 8.2.1. Income Tax for Companies 82 8.2.2. Property Tax 84 8.2.3. Goods & Tax Services 84 8.2.4. Stamp Duty 85 8.2.5. Cess Tax 85

9. Legal System

9.1. Judiciary and the System of Courts 86 9.2. Intellectual Property Rights 86

3 10. Labour and Wage Policies

10.1. Central Provident Fund 88 10.2. Industrial Relations Act 88 10.3. Trade Union Laws 88

11. Financial Sector

11.1. Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) 89 11.2. Banking and Bank Liberalisation 90 11.3. Insurance 95 11.4. Electronic Financial Services 96

12. Stock/Capital Markets

12.1. Singapore Stock Exchange (SGX) 97 12.2. Government Securities 97

13. Singapore Foreign Policy

13.1. Singapore Cooperation Program 98 13.2. Singapore and International Organisations 98

14. Singapore as an Education Hub

14.1. The Education System 102 14.2. Why choose Singapore? 102 14.3. Education Services 103 14.4. Financial Support 106

15. Healthcare

15.1. Public, Private Hospitals & Clinics 107 15.2. Health Facilities 108

16. Tourism 109

17. Ministries and Statutory Boards 112

4 4 18. Useful Addresses 124

19. About FICCI 128

20. About India 151

21. Singapore Business Partners For India

Corporate Profi le 164

Alphabetical List of Companies 217

Products/Services Index 253

Advertisers’ Index 263

5 Message

Mr Stephen Lee Chairman

India is an important trade and investment partner for Singapore. In the last 3 years exports to India have surpassed S$7 billion while imports have doubled to S$4.7 billion. Singapore’s cumulative investments in India was US$1.17 billion at the end of 2004 and this does not include large investments like Singapore Telecoms’ stake in India’s Bharati Group.

In addition to trading, the key focus sectors for investments from Singapore are infrastructure services, transport and logistics, and technology, which have seen many of the largest corporations in Singapore make their entry into India. Singapore companies are involved in infrastructure projects where they are building townships and IT Parks in Hyderabad, Chennai and Bangalore.

Besides the government-linked companies and the multi-national companies , India’s vast markets have succeeded in luring many Singapore pioneers. Frontline was the fi rst Singapore- owned IT Services company which invested S$13 million into an Indian company. More recently Singapore’s SESDAQ listed food and beverage chain BreadTalk Group Limited announced a signing of a ten year Master Franchise Agreement with a company in India to provide India’s fi rst international lifestyle bakery chain. The fi eld is therefore open for a wide variety of trade and investment activities.

Businessmen on both sides are eagerly awaiting the conclusion of the negotiations between Singapore and India on a Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA) which is expected to be fi nalised and signed shortly. This will pave the way for greater enhancement of mutually benefi cial bilateral trade and investment.

SBF is pleased to support FICCI in this venture to promote bilateral trade and investment. SBF, with over 15,000 corporate members, will aggressively promote business potential and opportunities. This book comes at an appropriate time to assist SBF in our efforts.

6 Message

Mr Onkar S. Kanwar President Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI)

In the ASEAN region, trade between India and Singapore is the largest. Today total trade between the two countries stands at over S$11 billion and should increase even more dramatically with the signing of the Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA). Singapore is also the largest ASEAN investor in India with various projects ranging from hotels and banking to infrastructure development.

The reforms process initiated by Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India, is coming full circle and India has seen an unprecedented economic boom resulting in the transformation of the country from a closed and protected economy to a dynamic market oriented one.

Our trading and cultural links go back in history and the role of Indian merchants in developing commercial ties between Singapore and Southeast Asia since the 2nd Century AD is well documented. Today the process has gone beyond trade to bilateral investments. Indian companies are also beginning to play an active part in using Singapore as a hub for the region for manufacturing, trading and services.

FICCI as the largest apex organisation of Indian business and industry, is a proactive solutions provider through research and interaction at the political and bureaucratic level and global networking. With its 500 primary members comprising regional chambers and industry associations and direct and indirect representation of 250,000 companies all over India, FICCI is able to provide Singapore traders and investors the appropriate platform for networking.

I am confi dent that this publication will help to promote Singapore as a business partner in India.

7 Message

In the last 50 years, Singapore’s economy has been totally transformed from a colonial out-post to a global city which serves as an international venue for shipping, electronics and fi nance. The most important aspect of Singapore is that it has been able to reinvent itself as it moves up the value chain and transforms its business partnerships at the bilateral and multilateral levels, into growing and thriving business. Singapore has the advantage of educated human capital, a cosmopolitan outlook and fi rst-class amenities in housing, education, transport and entertainment. More importantly its links with the rest of the world through its world class Singapore Changi International Airport, Port of Singapore and bilateral free trade agreements (FTAs) have enhanced its historical role as a port and fi nancial hub.

Singapore is the world’s most globalised nation in 2005 in terms of trade, travel, technology and links to the rest of the world, according to a ranking by A.T. Kearney/Foreign Policy Magazine’s Globalization Index. It has also been ranked Asia’s best place to live, ahead of Japan, Hong Kong, Taiwan and South Korea, according to EIU Quality of Life Index (2005).

Singapore’s trade and investment relations with India have increased rapidly over the years and this is expected to jump dramatically. It is therefore important for Indian businesses to understand what makes Singapore work and how to tap into Singapore as a doorway for regional and global business. With the right partnerships, Singapore and Indian companies can leverage on each other’s strengths and enhance existing trade and investment fl ows to mutual advantage.

This publication aims to promote an understanding of what Singapore can offer and a portfolio of Singapore companies that businesses in India can work with effectively to capitalise on the synergies on both sides. On our part, we shall be happy to assist companies on both sides to ensure that this is possible.

George Abraham Regional Representative (ASEAN) Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) Chairman & M.D. The GA Group Pte Ltd

8 9 The Economic Development Board (EDB) is Singapore’s lead agency responsible for planning and executing strategies to sustain Singapore’s position as a global hub for business and investment.

They work closely with local and foreign companies across a diverse range of activities in both manufacturing and services to help them move towards higher value-creating operations in an increasing knowledge-based and innovation-driven environment. They also encourage companies to use Singapore as a headquarters and total business centre to manage their global or regional functions to service their global or regional functions to service their global or AsiaPacifi c operations.

Singapore is today a “Global Entrepolis” – a unique marketplace where deals are made; funds are raised; creative ideas are exchanged and realized; new innovative enterprises incorporated; and partnerships forged. EDB acts as a catalyst and facilitator to ensure a thriving “enterprise ecosystem” in Singapore. EDB encourages innovation and entrepreneurship by helping to create an environment which is conducive for startups and companies of all sizes to interact with each other, with good corporate governance practices and where intellectual property is protected.

Investors Pick any global business ranking - most competitive, most profi table, best business environment, least corrupt, best IP protection - and the chances are you’ll fi nd Singapore in the top fi ve positions.

Why? Because we have for the last 40 years worked hard to make Singapore the best place in the world in which to do business. We know what companies need for success, and we make sure they get what they need in Singapore.

More than 7,000 companies from around the world already enjoy these ideal conditions for business:

• unmatched physical, legal and social infrastructure • pro-business tax regime • wide range of fi nancing schemes • highly skilled domestic labour force and easy entry of foreign talent • an ever-expanding network of free trade and investment guarantee agreements that give Singapore-based businesses preferential and safe access to international markets.

The recently concluded free trade agreement (FTA) with the US is particularly signifi cant. It opens many doors for Singapore-based companies to the world’s largest economy.

Head Offi ce 250 North Bridge Road #28-00, Raffl es City Tower, Singapore 179101 Tel: (65) 6832-6832 · Fax: (65) 6832-6565 · http://www.sedb.com

International Offi ces Mumbai, India Branch c/o Consulate of the Republic of Singapore 101, 10th Floor, Maker Chambers IV, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400021, India Tel: (91-22) 2204-3205 · Fax: (91-22) 2204-3209 Richard Tan Seng Keong Centre Director Mumbai

10 1. Facts About Singapore

1.1 General Information Singapore is located at the tip of the Malay Peninsula at the narrowest point of the Strait of Malacca, which is the shortest sea route between India and China. Its major natural resources are its location and its deep-water harbour. Singapore Island, though small, has a varied topography. The center of the island contains a number of rounded granitic hills that include the highest point, the 165- meter Bukit Timah Peak. The western and southwestern regions are composed of a series of northwest to southeast tending ridges, which are low but fairly steep. To the east is a large region of generally fl at alluvial soils where streams have cut steep-sided valleys and gullies. The island is drained by a large number of short streams, some of which fl ow into the sea through mangrove swamps, lagoons, or broad estuaries.

Singapore is two degrees north of the equator and has a tropical climate, with high temperatures moderated by the infl uence of the sea. Average daily temperature and humidity are high, with a mean maximum of 31°C and a relative humidity of 70 to 80 percent in the afternoon. Rain falls throughout the year, but is heaviest during the early northeast monsoon from November to January. The driest month is July in the middle of the southeast monsoon. The intermonsoon months of April-May and October are marked by thunderstorms and violent line squalls locally known as Sumatras. The average annual rainfall is 237 centimeters, and much of the rain falls in sudden showers. Singapore is free from earthquakes and typhoons, and the greatest natural hazard is local fl ash fl ooding, the threat of which has increased as buildings and paved roads have replaced natural vegetation.

Language The offi cial languages of Singapore are Chinese (Mandarin), Malay, Tamil and English. English is the language of administration. Malay is the National Language. Mandarin is used mostly by the Chinese replacing dialects like Cantonese, Hakka, Hainanese, Hokkien and Teochew. Hindi, Bengali, Punjabi, Malayalam and Telugu are some of the Indian languages spoken other than Tamil.

Religion The Constitution of Singapore allows every person the right to profess, practice and propagate his religion. Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Taoism and Hinduism are the main religions.

Government Singapore is a republic with a parliamentary system of government based on the Westminster model. The organs of state comprise:

The Executive: Head of State and Cabinet • Head of State: President S R Nathan, elected on 1 Sep 1999 (The President is elected for a fi xed term of 6 years.) • Cabinet: Led by the Prime Minister, Mr Lee Hsien Loong

11 Parliament Parliament is elected by general election every fi ve years. The fi rst sitting of Parliament was held on 8 Dec 1965. The fi rst general election for Parliament was held on 13 Apr 1968. There are 23 registered political parties. The current Parliament, elected on 3 Nov 2001 has 82 People’s Action Party (PAP) Members of Parliament (MPs), 2 Opposition MPs and 1 Non-Constituency MP. In addition there are 7 nominated MPs.

1.2 Facts, Figures and Graphs

Population (Mid Year Estimates) 2003

Total Population1 ('000) 4,185.2 Annual Growth (%) 0.3 Singapore Residents1 ('000) 3,437.3 Annual Growth (%) 1.7 Below 15 yrs ('000) 714.1 15 - 64 yrs ('000) 2,459.6 65 yrs & over ('000) 263.5 Median Age2 (Yrs) 35.3 Dependency Ratio2, 3 (%) 39.8

Sex Ratio2 990 (Males per 1,000 Females) Population Density (Per Sq Km) 6,004 Land Area (Sq km) 697.1

LITERACY & EDUCATION 2003

Literacy Rate (%) 94.2 (among residents aged 15 yrs & over)

% with Secondary or Higher Qualifications 56.7 (among resident non-students aged 15 yrs & over) Mean Years of Schooling (Yrs) 8.6 (among resident non-students aged 25 yrs & over)

12 SOCIAL INDICATORS 2003

Home Ownership (%) 92.8 (among resident households)

Resident Households Living in HDB 4-Room or 71.7 Larger Flats or Private Housing (%)

Doctors Per 10,000 Population 15

Private Cars Per 1,000 Population2 111

Mobile Phone Subscribers Per 1,000 Population 831

Casualties of Road Accidents Per 100,000 Population 196 Crime Rate 802 (Per 100,000 Population)

EMPLOYMENT 4 2003

Labour Force ('000) 2,150.1

Employed Persons ('000) 2,033.7

Unemployment Rate (%) 4.6 (seasonally adjusted) Labour Force Participation Rate 64.2 (% of Population aged 15 yrs & over) Male 75.8 Female 53.9 % in Professional and Technical Jobs 5 28.9 % in Administrative and Managerial Jobs 5 13.3 % in Manufacturing 5 17.9 % in Finance Services 5 5.2 % in Business Services 5 11.9

13 ECONOMIC INDICATORS 2003

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

At Current Market Prices ($m) 159,135.0 Per Capita GDP ($) 38,023.0 At 1995 Market Prices 164,265.9 Annual Growth (%) 1.1 Productivity and Inflation

Annual Growth in Labour Productivity (%) 2.3 Annual Inflation Rate (%) 0.5

Manufacturing Total Output 6 ($m) 155,642

Net Investment Commitments at end of yr ($m) 7,511.0 (gross commitments less projects withdrawn or uncertain)

Foreign Investments ($m) 6,271.0

Finance

Money Supply 7 (M1) ($m) 38,722.6 Official Foreign Reserves at end of yr ($m) 163,189.5 Average Exchange Rate (Per US$) 1.7422

External Trade At Current Prices Total Trade ($m) 473,906.8 Exports ($m) 251,095.7

Domestic Exports ($m) 138,884.8

Imports 222,811.2 Transport and Communications

Sea Cargo Handled (Million Freight Tonnes) 347.7

Air Cargo Handled ('000 Tonnes) 1,615.5

International Telephone Call Minutes 9(Million) 3,074.0

Commerce and Tourism Annual Growth in Retail Sales 8.5 At Constant Prices (%) Visitor Arrivals ('000) 6,126.9 (excluding Malaysian arrivals by land)

Hotel Occupancy Rate (%) 65.9 14 Notes: Source: - http://www.singstat.gov.sg Some fi gures are provisional and may be subjected to revision $ Singapore dollar na : not available 1. Total population comprises of Singapore residents and non-residents. The resident population comprises of Singapore citizens and permanent residents. Singapore permanent residents refer to non-citizens who have been granted permanent residence in Singapore. The non-resident population refers to those who are non- citizens and non-permanent residents of Singapore. 2. Indicator computed based on Singapore residents. 3. Residents under 15 years and those 65 years and over divided by residents aged 15 - 64 years. 4. Among total working persons aged 15 years and over. 5. Refers to all manufacturing establishments. 6. Refer to currency in active circulation and demand deposits of private sector at end of year. 7. Figure refers to Changi Airport and Seletar Airport. 8. Include traffi c contributed by new service providers such as ISR operators. 9. Include calls to Malaysia.

Real Economic Growth

Per Cent Total Manufacturing Economy

Financial Services

     

Foreign Direct Investment Trade Performance in Real Terms

$ Billion $ Billion  

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15 2. Why Establish A Business In Singapore

A World Bank report titled “Doing Business in 2005”, states that Singapore is ranked the 3 rd best place to conduct business, behind New Zealand and the United States of America.

Singapore welcomes all business ideas with open arms, considers every idea, whether big or small that possesses business potential. As testimony to this fact, there has been a boom in innovation and research centers which help nurture and build ideas into a business with great value. Singapore has a highly skilled and motivated workforce with a primary focus on trade success and mutual growth. Many multinational corporations have based their regional business headquarters in Singapore with good support and incentives. A report published in the Business Times dated November 12, 2004, states that: “...at the end of the year 2003, there were 1441 Indian companies operating in Singapore, an increase of 18% from 2002”. This growth indicates a high level of confi dence in Singapore’s trade potential and is a positive indicator of things to come.

Being an island country, with a natural port and strategic location, Singapore serves as a hub and an access point for a huge Asian market of about 3 billion people, with the main focus on emerging powerhouses such as India and China. A growing number of free trade agreements with many countries eliminate the legal hassles associated with trading and a quicker access to these dynamic markets, enabling Singapore to play the role as a connector between the East and West.

Singapore is regarded as a chief fi nancial and business centre in South East Asia with a number of offshore banks and a mature stock exchange. The major manufacturing industries in Singapore include electronics, chemicals, petroleum, life science and health care, all fast expanding fi elds exhibiting exciting growth potential. Being a fi nancial hub, huge venture capital funds managed by major fund management companies are willing and able to fi nancially back feasible business ideas and provide a solid contact base.

With a stable political and safe social setup, a good quality of life, a cosmopolitan society, a high tech infrastructure, and well regarded business acumen, Singapore proves itself to be an excellent place to live and work.

2.1 Advantages of starting a business in Singapore Pro-business environment Singapore has been invariably ranked one of the most competitive economies and best places for business in the world. Following are some of the rankings given to her in the last few years:- • 2nd place in World Competitiveness Yearbook, 2003 - International Institute for Management Development (IMD) • 4th place in the Global Competitiveness Report, 2002-2003 - World Economic Forum • 2nd most profi table place for investors, Investment Climate - Global, 2003 - BERI • 6th best business environment in the world and top business environment in Asia - Economist Intelligence Unit, January 2003 • One of the fi ve least corrupt countries in the world and least corrupt nation in Asia - Transparency International, August 2002 • Top in Asia for Intellectual Property Rights Protection, Protection of Intellectual Property - Global, 2003 - World Economic Forum and IMD

16 Apart from this, Singapore has also been voted as the world’s favourite business city in accordance with surveys con- ducted by Time, Business Traveler Asia Pacifi c and Business Traveler, UK. Singapore is a diversifi ed economy and deals with a wide range of different industries such as technology, manufacturing, education, tourism, bio-medical, services etc.

• Geographical Location Singapore is safe from natural catastrophes such as earthquakes, floods, famines etc. Credited as the top business environment in Asia by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) in 2003, Singapore is fast becoming the strategic base to access the 500-million-people in the Southeast Asian market and the 2.8 billion strong Asian markets which are all within the range of a seven-hour-fl ight. They are all fast growing and emerging markets with an enormous appetite for consumer goods and innovative products, and also in need of a wide range of services. Singapore is an open market and access to world markets has become easy for Singapore due to its growing number of Free Trade Agreements.

• Infrastructure A world class infrastructure for air, land and sea transportation combined with excellent information technology systems and telecommunication setup, helps this economy immensely. Singapore’s infrastructure is unrivalled in Asia: the best connected airports in Asia, the most wired nation in Asia, the third most wired nation in the world and the busiest container port in the world. Singapore is also a leading fi nancial hub, fi nances in all forms are readily available. Nearly 150 fund management companies are managing some S$16 billion in venture capital funds by the middle of 2003. Singapore is also the most wired country in Asia, with an Internet penetration rate of 42%. The political and social environment is stable. The quality of life in Singapore has been matched with places such as New York, London, Osaka and Boston. • Singapore Airport Singapore’s Changi Airport has continuously received Best Airport Awards from international bodies and magazines. It is known for its customer service. According to the IATA Global Airport Monitor, Singapore won the Best Airport Worldwide Award for the fourth time. In the words of Ministry of Transport “Singapore’s avia tion policy is based on the fundamental belief in free and open competition to provide an extensive and liberal frame work for more air services and city links to Singapore”. More than 90 countries from around the world have air service agreements with Singapore. This allows tourism, investment, trade etc to flow between different countries and Singapore. As there is upspring in the air-traffi c volume, constant changes are being brought about to the infrastructure. Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS) is a statutory board under the Ministry of Transport which deals with the security and quality of airport and civil aviation operations. • Singapore’s Port It is the world’s busiest port in relation to shipping tonnage. Singapore port docks about 140,000 vessels annually. The services of the port remain among the best in regards to effi cacy, quality and reliability. Along with a wide range of marine services the Singapore port also does services such as shipbuilding and repair, handling of cargo, bunkering, oil refi ning etc. The Singapore Registry of Ships (SRS) has been established for the promotion of quality ship registry. The merchant fl eet of Singapore has been growing at 10% in the recent years. The advantages of joining SRS are liable administration, income tax exemptions of profi ts, no stint on the nationality of crew, adoption of international standards etc are a few to mention. SRS is the largest in Asia and the 6th largest in the world. The statutory board known as the Maritime & Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) was formed in 1996 and is under the Ministry of Transport , which is accountable for all the maritime and port affairs of Singapore.

17 • Public Transport The extension of the road system is limited due to land constraints but the Government invests much in the transport system. The Public Transport System consists of buses, Mass Rapid Transportation (MRT), Light Rail Transportation (LRT) and taxis. The fares are affordable, the transportation is dependable in terms of quality service and there is also a varied choice with regards to the mode of transportation. The statutory board known as the Land Transport Authority (LTA) under the Ministry of Transport takes care of the progression in land transport and another statutory board, the Public Transport Council (PTC) regulates the fares of buses and the rapid transit system.

• Stable Economy Singapore has been rated as the most competitive economy possessing great innovative ability and a solid macro economy in the world by the Swiss-based World Economic Forum (WEF). Even in the recent global battle against SARS, Singapore’s diligent and hands-on approach has won recognition from the World Health Organisation. • Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) SCDF aims at assuring security to the people of the country and in case of any emergency bring them back to normalcy. SCDF has laid down 4 systems for Singapore’s emergency requirements – Warning, Rescue, Command, Protection, Control and Protection Communications. SCDF’s predominant function is to provide emergency and ambulance services along with fi re fi ghting. • Singapore Police Force Singapore is renowned for its safe environment. This can be ascribed to the commitment of the Singapore Police Force, and also the relationship between the community and the police. The Police force ensures the security and peace of Singapore. They sustain the law, preserve and observe the order and peace of the community. • Ministry of Defence Ministry of Defence includes the Army, the Navy and the Air Force. Their primary motive is to ensure that all in Singapore enjoy peace and stability in the region. They also ensure that the territorial rights and sovereignty of Singapore are safeguarded. Through diplomacy, good relations are maintained between Singapore and various other countries. Deterrence and Diplomacy are the fundamentals of the defence policy in Singapore. The recent increase in terrorist attacks has led to Singapore taking anti-terrorism measures. More offi cers have been deployed to patrol airports, MRTs, entertainment, residential and business areas. Surveillance cameras have been installed in schools and the community is being trained to detect terrorists. • Global Community in Singapore The nation’s rich multicultural heritage is highlighted through the various ethnic groups (Chinese, Malays, Indians, Eurasians) living together harmoniously who have gradually acquired a distinct identity as Singaporeans whilst still maintaining each race’s traditional practices, customs and festivals. Frequent multi-racial campaigns have been held to promote harmony. In addition, more than 90,000 professional expatriates living and working in Singapore bring their unique cultures and perspectives, adding colour and vibrancy to cosmopolitan Singapore.

18 • Intellectual Property Protected Singapore is one of the best places in Asia for commercialising ideas and innovations as Intellectual Property (IP) protection is considered very important.

Singapore’s strong IP policies make it ideal for activities like rights patenting, IP audit, valuation, enforcement and licensees sourcing. It is signatory to key international agencies like: • The Berne Convention • Madrid Protocol • The World Intellectual Property Organisation • The Paris Convention for the Protection of Intellectual Property

Singapore is rated as: • The most IP-protective country in Asia by Political and Economic Risk Consultancy (PERC) • First out of 73 countries for innovation policy in IP protection and strong support for R&D through IP-friendly tax policies in the World Economic Forum’s 2002/3 Global Competitiveness Report

Within the country, a strong IP support framework has also been established through dedicated IP institutions like The IP Academy, Intellectual Property Offi ce of Singapore and the IP Court. There are also specialist public and private organisations which provide the full spectrum of IP management services, from IP litigation to technology intelligence and IP valuation.

• Competent Human Resources The literacy rate in Singapore is 94.2%, which is one of the highest literacy rates in Asia. Singapore offers a full range of infocomm talent. The country’s English-speaking workforce provides a ready supply of critical skills for every segment of the infocomm market. Be it programming, multimedia development, e-commerce or content and product localisation, the expertise and experience are available. Two-thirds of its population knows how to use a PC, and a majority of households own at least one computer. It all starts in school, where classrooms provide one computer for every two students. The World Competitiveness Report ranks Singapore seventh worldwide in the availability of IT professionals, fourth in the availability of skilled labour, second in prioritising employee training, and ninth for availability of managers with international experience. Research and Development is also being promoted by the Government and hence foreign companies are delegating much of their R&D work to Singapore.

• Government measures in skills upgrading Workers in Singapore are helped by the government to accommodate to the changing environment. To meet these challenges the Ministry of Manpower has come up with a few training programmes, e.g. Basic Enabling Skills which have programmes to help workers build their skillsets. Other programmes include helping them acquire skills to shift careers, search for jobs and plan their career. Another programme is Job Specifi c training during which workers are helped to adapt to their new job requirements and challenges. Training programmes for professionals and executives who wish to start-up on their own or want to be deployed to another sector are constantly devised. Singapore also has a Life Long Learning school that helps people in personal development.

Singapore also has human resource development programmes which train engineers with automation and production skills and also other training programmes in business and management.

Though English is widely used in Singapore, most Singaporeans are bilingual, often being profi cient in Malay, Mandarin, Tamil and various other languages.

For the years 2001, 2002 and 2003, Singapore’s workforce has been ranked the topmost for productivity and quality by the Business Environment Risk Intelligence (BERI) Report.

19 3. Recent Developments in Singapore-India Relations

Singapore is one of India’s largest trading and investment partners in ASEAN. The increasingly close relations between India and Singapore in recent years have been underpinned by a dramatic growth in bilateral trade and investment linkages. India is looking for infrastructure investments, critical technologies and export markets. Singapore has surplus capital and could be a useful partner in infrastructure development in India as well as investment in Indian companies.

3.1 Singapore’s Ongoing Free Trade Agreement with India Both India and Singapore are progressing to be more open and liberalised countries and the relation between both the countries can be improved by expanding trade and investment opportunities and economic cooperation which will help complement each others strengths. On 27th May 2003 the Singapore Comprehensive Cooperation Agreement (CECA) was embarked upon in New Delhi, the capital city of India. The Declaration of Intent was signed on 8th April 2003. This was signed by Brigadier-General (NS) George Yeo, (Minister for Trade and Industry, Singapore) and Shri Arun Jaitley, (Minister for Commerce and Industry, India) and was witnessed by Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong and Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee. It had been consented by both sides that the Joint Study Group Report would serve as the guideline for the negotiations. The Joint Study Group Report recommends in its report that there can be elimination of non-tariff barriers, a good business climate, liberalisation and bilateral fl ow of investment, liberalisation of trade in goods and services. The Report also says that along with strengthening India’s relations with Singapore this agreement will pave way for India- ASEAN Free Trade Agreement.

The Joint Study Group envisaged that the CECA would be structured as an integrated package of agreements between India and Singapore, including: 1. A Free Trade Agreement, which would include, inter alia, trade in goods and services, and investment. 2. A bilateral agreement on investment promotion, protection and co-operation. 3. An Improved Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement. 4. A more liberal Air Services Agreement and Open Skies for Charter Flights. 5. A work program for economic co-operation covering areas outlined in the Joint Study report, including, inter alia, the creation of the India Singapore Fund, the setting up of a second India Centre in Singapore and Tourism Co-operation.

To date, teams from India and Singapore have completed twelve rounds of negotiations and legal experts have met twice for legal scrubbing of the Agreement.

Ahead of a signing, both sides have committed to resolving issues involving the renegotiation of an Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreement that was signed in 1994, as well as commitments on fi nancial and telecommunications services. Since both negotiating teams last met in March 2005, Singapore has replied with proposals that seek to address India’s concerns.

20 3.2 Bilateral Relations

S$m 14000 Imports 12000 Exports 10000 Overall

8000

6000

4000

2000

0

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2

Source: IE Singapore

Total trade between India and Singapore has been steadily increasing since 1999. The trade between India and Singapore increased by 3.22% (in 2001), to S$ 6.88 billion, and decreased by 1.16% (in 2002). On comparing the trade fi gures of 2003 with 2002, it is seen that total trade has gone up by 16.20%. India’s Imports from Singapore have increased by 14.22% and exports to Singapore by 21.25%.

Over a period of 5 years India’s imports from Singapore have increased by 26.88 %, whereas, during the same period India’s exports to Singapore have increased by 100.8 %.

Moreover, it may be noted that most of Singapore’s exports to India consists of re-exports, which constitutes slightly over 50% of Singapore’s exports to India. Indian exports to Singapore have been steadily increasing, growing in S$ terms by 48.8% (2000), 7.52% (2001) and 3.5% (2002), and 21.25% (2003).

2004:

INVESTMENT Singapore has emerged amongst the top foreign investors in India. During the period January 1991 to May 2003, approvals for Foreign Direct Investment from Singapore to India (excluding NRI and euro issues/portfolio investment) amounted to Rs.53 billion (approx USD 1.2 billion,) making Singapore among the largest foreign investors in India. Annual break-up since 1995 of Singapore’s investment and share of total FDI (excluding NRI and portfolio investment) in India, is as follows:-

Singapore Investments in India

US$m 1600

1400 Annual 1200 Cumulative

1000

800

600

400

200

0 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 NsB: Exclude investments through Mauritiu Source: Secretariat of Industrial Assistance Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion Ministry of Commerce and Industry, India

21 3.3 Trade Statistics StatLink Singapore Trade Statistics Annual Report for Exports Country: India Ranking by products Top 100 products Value in S$ Thousand

SITC Product 2000 2001 2002 2003 1 752 Data Processing Machines 685,663 552,750 464,297 565,259 2 759 Parts for Office & DP Machines 356,964 354,790 391,537 532,936 3 776 Electronic Valves 377,470 398,167 369,580 444,159 4 764 Telecommunications Equipment 165,403 157,039 221,555 336,250 5 898 Musical Instrument & Parts 154,403 174,782 278,481 319,007 6 511 Hydrocarbons Nes 113,984 117,340 124,394 233,676 7 334 Petroleum Products Refined 523,762 362,071 227,623 214,680 8 723 Civil Engineering Equipment Parts 68,612 167,404 147,557 176,187 9 874 Measuring Instruments 61,171 78,426 108,627 134,686 10 746 Ball or Roller Bearings 73,701 74,568 89,340 119,645 11 724 Cloth Leather Machinery Parts 85,219 73,130 85,143 103,301 12 772 Electrical Circuit Apparatus 79,798 85,945 71,500 92,370 13 882 Photographic Supplies 66,080 68,495 60,195 83,989 14 513 Carboxylic Acids & Deriv 53,213 64,114 64,535 83,656 15 778 Electrical Machinery Nes 71,849 79,858 60,685 80,707 16 683 Nickel 52,684 55,787 85,410 71,937 17 931 Special Transactions 67,731 63,954 83,221 63,406 18 872 Medical Apparatus 39,352 40,431 57,342 59,330 19 575 Other Plastics Primary 37,392 29,851 53,003 56,370 20 792 Aircraft 45,391 47,223 33,224 52,209 21 282 Iron or Steel Scrap 41,978 40,807 34,218 51,264 22 573 Polyvinyl Chloride Primary 27,682 20,999 45,760 50,744 23 892 Printed Matter 79,260 135,728 29,482 47,336 24 512 Alcohols Phenols & Deriv Nes 22,399 48,576 40,759 46,932 25 533 Paints Varnishes Etc 13,507 21,524 34,693 45,733 26 771 Electrical Power Machinery 29,909 40,090 33,756 36,313 27 784 Parts for Tractors & Motor Vehicle 29,687 21,726 28,495 35,669 28 728 Specialised Machinery Nes 42,982 33,571 25,966 35,265 29 574 Other Resins Etc Primary 36,717 64,881 23,051 35,165 30 597 Lub Preps Anti-Knock Preps Etc 23,246 27,445 28,920 30,581 31 762 Radio-Broadcast Receivers 16,799 24,979 24,007 30,550 32 713 Piston Engines 18,118 17,897 23,355 30,487 33 763 Video & Sound Recorders Etc 16,999 28,771 35,126 30,226 34 687 Tin 6,362 5,156 23,455 29,797 35 122 Tobacco Manufactures 24,379 16,296 20,891 27,568 36 685 Lead 16,860 21,808 14,964 27,462 37 684 Aluminum 20,083 56,983 49,268 27,353 38 881 Photographic Apparatus 18,841 22,327 21,035 26,600 39 695 Hand Tools 9,277 22,278 22,374 25,636 40 598 Chemical Products Nes 135,071 78,564 31,021 24,569 22 41 751 Office Machines 22,630 22,475 34,507 24,330 42 571 Polyethylene Primary 16,426 9,521 20,960 23,480 43 686 Zinc 68,054 48,138 16,506 22,938 44 743 Pumps Nes 42,635 12,807 12,553 22,340 45 542 Medicaments 20,922 25,836 22,081 22,293 46 541 Medicinal Products 23,286 20,373 33,552 22,139 47 075 Spices 16,120 29,019 28,233 21,983 48 665 Glassware 11,422 9,769 16,416 21,702 49 714 Engines & Motor Non-Electric 3,660 2,332 35,605 20,106 50 514 Nitrogen-Function Compounds 42,814 26,832 20,690 19,460 51 731 Machine-Tools Metal Removing 12,808 8,550 11,103 18,649 52 516 Other Organic Chemicals 10,648 11,682 13,144 18,572 53 741 Heating & Cooling Equipment 21,306 8,945 18,378 18,301 54 845 Apparel Articles of Textile 1,037 836 5,808 18,137 55 342 Liquefied Propane & Butane 3,100 363 3,800 18,020 56 773 Electy Distributing Equipment 19,851 17,196 17,276 16,449 57 679 Iron Pipes & Fittings 8,183 11,556 15,245 16,208 58 651 Textile Yarn Thread 41,728 18,777 13,328 15,473 59 895 Office Supplies Nes 40,485 46,252 43,823 15,105 60 667 Precious Stone & Pearl 26,499 25,275 23,059 14,958 61 288 Metal Waste Scrap Excl Iron 49,328 57,996 28,516 14,349 62 716 Electric Plant & Parts Nes 18,200 19,738 12,748 14,227 63 744 Mechanical Handling Equipment 11,607 14,827 9,426 14,124 64 582 Plastic Plates Sheets Etc 12,563 9,403 11,176 13,124 65 553 Perfume Cosmetics Etc 5,185 5,897 12,492 12,931 66 682 Copper 9,606 11,218 5,299 12,648 67 749 Non-Elect Machinery Parts Nes 10,004 6,988 9,964 12,049 68 761 Television Receivers 7,179 7,805 9,843 11,825 69 292 Crude Veg Materials Nes 9,989 13,557 14,938 11,664 70 899 Misc Mfd Articles Nes 7,481 6,577 8,600 11,547 71 742 Pumps for Liquids 9,744 7,524 12,280 10,992 72 774 Electrical Medical Apparatus 13,306 10,787 8,444 10,697 73 572 Polystyrene Primary 4,525 3,669 10,034 10,532 74 515 Organo-Inorganic Compounds 7,382 12,645 11,177 9,997 75 699 Metal Manufacturers Nes 11,537 11,565 9,954 9,366 76 591 Disinfectants Etc 8,313 4,361 6,089 9,078 77 893 Articles of Plastic 6,855 14,775 9,008 8,960 78 675 Alloy Steel Flat-Rolled Product 5,003 5,380 3,129 8,705 79 551 Essential Oils Etc 7,515 6,308 9,006 8,626 80 629 Rubber Manufactures Nes 6,589 9,103 9,767 8,529 81 884 Optical Goods Nes 2,594 6,032 8,929 8,384 82 691 Structural Parts 1,155 2,892 2,987 8,324 83 971 Gold Non-Monetary 442 96,519 128,212 8,311 84 745 Non-Electronic Machinery & Parts Nes 4,102 2,814 5,067 7,728 23 85 554 Soap & Cleansing Preps 5,346 5,508 6,654 6,969 86 112 Alcoholic Beverages 7,151 8,212 4,527 6,934 87 335 Residual Petroleum Product Nes 3,482 4,934 5,822 6,709 88 531 Synthetic Organic Dye 7,694 6,300 6,497 6,280 89 231 Crude Rubber Natural Gums 1,949 3,590 7,329 6,087 90 522 Inorganic Chemicals 9,576 7,458 7,591 5,858 91 642 Articles of Paper 7,583 14,932 13,237 5,827 92 793 Ships & Boats 18,253 2,350 2,536 5,691 93 821 Furniture 1,123 1,231 2,409 5,603 94 287 Ores of Base Metal Nes 2,516 4,136 4,374 5,490 95 747 Taps Cocks Valves Etc 4,071 4,043 5,196 5,177 96 251 Pulp for Paper & Waste 8,584 6,350 3,731 5,056 97 748 Transmission Shafts Etc 4,845 3,777 4,060 4,924 98 562 Fertilizers Manufactured 179 19 68 4,688 99 726 Printing Bookbinding Machinery 1,550 2,451 2,352 4,609 100 431 Other Animal Veg Oils 4,232 4,168 3,364 4,363 Total for the above 4,581,946 4,580,903 4,510,742 5,256,630 Total for other products 221,750 291,865 206,964 126,054 Grand Total 4,803,696 4,872,769 4,717,705 5,382,684 Source: IE Singapore

StatLink Singapore Trade Statistics Annual Report for Import Country: India Ranking by products Top 100 products Value in S$ Thousand

SITC Product 2000 2001 2002 2003 1 334 Petroleum Products Refined 182,031 161,026 261,913 734,778 2 667 Precious Stone & Pearl 196,390 174,515 294,650 307,822 3 897 Jewellery Etc 68,359 83,048 98,980 111,654 4 684 Aluminium 156,034 191,513 263,559 103,350 5 653 Fabrics Woven Man-Made Fbrs 19,349 30,845 57,368 60,409 6 277 Natural Abrasives 5,368 2,619 5,163 48,606 7 845 Apparel Articles of Textile 33,870 34,877 36,787 43,663 8 511 Hydrocarbons Nes 8,067 6,924 14,935 39,187

24 9 759 Parts for Office & Dp Machines 286,772 360,316 64,990 37,681 10 591 Disinfectants Etc 14,535 15,506 9,264 36,429 11 531 Synthetic Organic Dye 27,593 17,933 17,625 23,679 12 061 Sugar & Honey 89 13,764 12,823 23,656 13 842 Womenʼs Clothings Woven 18,658 20,301 20,551 23,194 14 697 Household Equipment 4,536 8,308 16,450 22,770 15 699 Metal Manufactures Nes 16,664 16,169 16,748 21,263 16 654 Other Fabrics Woven 4,837 18,914 26,370 21,164 17 541 Medicinal Products 23,388 19,801 25,880 21,027 18 774 Electrical Medical Apparatus 4,683 10,882 11,689 19,653 19 512 Alcohols Phenols & Deriv Nes 19,614 22,980 34,728 19,310 20 716 Electric Plant & Parts Nes 2,740 2,853 2,470 19,007 21 695 Hand Tools 4,423 4,563 12,469 18,849 22 676 Steel Bar Shape Etc 4,243 3,386 2,639 18,192 23 682 Copper 11,262 3,791 2,337 17,991 24 778 Electrical Machinery Nes 14,380 15,984 17,056 17,246 25 542 Medicaments 12,475 19,623 10,011 17,115 26 287 Ores of Base Metal Nes 3,891 8,673 4,357 16,900 27 042 Rice 13,423 14,298 41,293 16,681 28 747 Taps Cocks Valves Etc 6,584 10,551 9,280 16,287 29 771 Electrical Power Machinery 23,483 19,522 19,275 16,082 30 776 Electronic Valves 11,253 23,505 21,652 15,491 31 713 Piston Engines 19,373 21,786 25,976 14,480 32 846 Clothing Accessories of Textile 5,696 4,485 14,012 13,483 33 674 Steel Flat-Rolled Product Clad 6,164 2,405 6,440 13,086 34 679 Iron Pipes & Fittings 10,387 15,325 20,092 13,076 35 551 Essential Oils Etc 12,674 8,356 11,782 12,974 36 036 Crustaceans Etc Fresh Dried 14,635 10,912 14,663 12,866 37 872 Medical Apparatus 4,377 6,798 4,806 12,346 38 333 Petroleum Crude 12,064 39 513 Carboxylic Acids & Deriv 2,931 14,449 14,286 11,695 40 515 Organo-Inorganic Compounds 29,659 26,988 22,685 11,397 41 656 Tulle Lace Ribbon Etc 1,729 3,206 3,772 10,944 42 054 Vegetables Fresh Chilled Etc 9,391 9,901 10,110 10,498 43 263 Cotton 9,058 8,091 7,055 10,457 44 772 Electrical Circuit Apparatus 10,715 9,642 9,319 10,033 45 625 Rubber Tyres Tubes 9,736 9,054 10,763 9,927 46 034 Fish Fresh Chilled Frozen 16,804 11,865 10,469 9,819 47 693 Wire Products 2,170 4,779 10,254 9,756 48 057 Fruit & Nuts Fresh Dried 14,100 10,342 9,004 9,609 49 764 Telecommunications Equipment 11,757 18,910 13,921 9,571 50 222 Oil Seeds & Oleaginous Fruit 8,855 5,721 7,276 9,325 51 874 Measuring Instruments 5,328 9,636 8,046 9,215 52 121 Tobacco Unmfd 8,032 9,153 13,097 9,085

25 53 723 Civil Engineering Equipment Parts 6,512 10,437 22,137 9,073 54 651 Textile Yarn Thread 30,901 17,240 13,730 9,031 55 841 Menʼs Clothings Woven 12,709 22,577 17,304 8,735 56 075 Spices 14,193 12,602 11,155 8,681 57 673 Steel Flat-Rolled Product Unclad 15,615 2,357 7,950 8,395 58 844 Womenʼs Clothings Knitted 5,651 5,029 4,501 8,261 59 752 Data Processing Machines 14,290 15,924 14,240 7,956 60 582 Plastic Plates Sheets Etc 7,984 6,416 5,986 7,807 61 658 Articles of Textile 5,079 6,964 5,697 7,404 62 035 Fish Dried Salted Smoked 10,356 7,187 7,847 7,218 63 657 Special Fabrics & Products 2,072 3,149 4,995 6,797 64 931 Special Transactions 8,491 7,162 8,741 6,786 65 553 Perfume Cosmetics Etc 4,138 3,624 5,205 6,295 66 741 Heating & Cooling Equipment 4,471 7,358 5,635 6,252 67 761 Television Receivers 17,602 6,296 3,182 6,247 68 696 Cutlery 3,993 8,390 4,205 5,893 69 041 Wheat Meslin Unmilled 2 129 1,723 5,889 70 749 Non-Elect Machinery Parts Nes 2,026 3,355 3,223 5,843 71 037 Fish Crustaceans Etc Prepd 705 328 5,301 5,819 72 533 Paints Varnishes Etc 2,292 2,788 4,788 5,770 73 514 Nitrogen-Function Compounds 4,271 5,922 8,912 5,443 74 652 Cotton Fabrics Woven 8,085 5,539 4,768 5,233 75 843 Menʼs Clothings Knitted 5,049 6,455 6,210 5,033 76 742 Pumps for Liquids 3,441 5,386 4,755 4,892 77 516 Other Organic Chemicals 12,082 2,621 3,487 4,813 78 792 Aircraft 9,306 12,740 2,454 4,771 79 598 Chemical Products Nes 2,175 1,806 7,473 4,759 80 898 Musical Instrument & Parts 26,938 32,183 11,091 4,505 81 821 Furniture 1,058 1,102 3,965 4,252 82 522 Inorganic Chemicals 7,456 3,082 5,019 4,192 83 611 Leather 5,795 5,033 5,546 4,028 84 784 Parts for Tractors & Motor Vehicle 5,724 4,830 4,775 3,932 85 892 Printed Matter 2,204 2,022 2,603 3,889 86 223 Oil Seeds Other Flours Meals 1,222 1,369 3,234 3,686 87 893 Articles of Plastic 4,598 12,308 6,015 3,636 88 292 Crude Veg Materials Nes 9,051 3,639 5,337 3,397 89 773 Electricity Distributing Equipment 3,363 2,005 3,317 3,280 90 728 Specialised Machinery Nes 12,563 34,676 7,258 3,266 91 659 Floor Coverings Etc 4,118 3,234 3,820 3,208 92 885 Watches & Clocks 3,492 3,467 3,987 3,185 93 641 Paper & Paperboard 1,818 4,110 6,022 3,072 94 743 Pumps Nes 6,709 5,218 4,432 2,990 95 691 Structural Parts 5,299 2,404 1,953 2,971 96 714 Engines & Motor Non-Electric 2,261 10,711 2,407 2,957 97 663 Mineral Mfs Nes 1,792 2,375 3,003 2,919 98 831 Travel Goods 3,307 3,219 2,727 2,882 99 851 Footwear 3,761 3,478 2,717 2,743 100 071 Coffee 5,464 4,805 4,239 2,644 Total for the above 1,744,048 1,893,844 1,970,216 2,405,570 Total for other products 113,387 109,218 105,125 104,670 Grand Total 1,857,435 2,003,062 2,075,341 2,510,240

26 APPROVALS FOR FDI IN INDIA

(in Rs. million) Year Total World FDI* Singapore FDI Singapore FDI as (in Rs. Million) (in Rs. Million) % of Total 1995 301725 9910 3.28 1996 286923 3198 1.11 1997 485720 8619 1.77 1998 268392 7673 2.86 1999 246855 8259 3.35 2000 156183 3232 2.07 2001 203319 3799 1.87 2002 111398 3722 3.34 2003 (up to May) 17436 1254 7.2 TOTAL (since 1991) 2,280399* 53604 2.35% * (Excluding NRI/ Euro issues) Source:SIANewsLetter,June2003

Singapore investments: Some of the Govt-Linked Corporations (GLCs) of Singapore’s projects include Ascendas Information Technology Park in Bangalore, the participation of the Port of Singapore Authority (PSA) in both equity(40%) and management of Pipavav Port, Gujarat, PSA’s 30-year contract for operation and management of the Tuticorin Port, Singtel’s joint venture with Bharati Telecom and Singapore Technologies Telemedia’s JV with ModiCorp. The Government of Singapore Investment Corporation (GIC) has registered itself in India as an Financial Institutional Investors, and has committed Rs.119 million in HDFC Ltd. Apart from investing in other stocks and equities.

The GIC along with other investors has invested Rs.11 billion (S$407 million) for a 13.6 percent stake in India’s ICICI Bank as it’s strategic partners. In Dec 03 Temasek Holdings has acquired a 5.2% stake costing around S$342.2million in ICICI Bank. In January 04, Temasek Holdings, Singapore Government’s investment arm, bought a stake in Matrix laboratories, Hyderabad for S$114.7million, thus getting a 14% equity stake in the company.

Merlion - India Fund

Temasek and StanChart Bank formed the Merlion - India Fund of US $100 million for investing in mid to late stage Indian Companies. The fund does not cover investment in infrastructure, real estate and trading. This fund was set up for the purpose of Singapore companies investing in Indian companies expanding in India and abroad. The fund has invested (in December 03) S $35 million to a 5.46% stake in Aurobindo Pharma, Hyderabad.

27 4. How to Set Up a Business in Singapore

4.1 Policy for Government Approval To start a business as a sole proprietorship or a partnership in Singapore, you must register as specifi ed in the Business Registration Act. To incorporate a company, you must register under the Companies Act. The Accounting & Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA), which regulates companies, businesses and public accountants in Singapore, administers these two Acts. There are certain business activities, which are exempted (http://www.acra.gov.sg/ business/whatbiz.html) from the need to register with ACRA.

Businesses would have to apply for additional licences in areas such as public entertainment, food shop, advertisement, licence to operate residential based social activities (aged homes, children’s home, etc.) and others.

To register a business or incorporate a company as well as apply for the required licences for your business you can logon to the Online Business Licensing Service, http://www.business.gov.sg/licences. Individuals can incorporate a company as well by what is called self-incorporation. The main requirement is that the proposed directors, secretary and subscribers (shareholders) must all be Singapore NRIC holders.

The following is a Check List of requirements and procedures: Requirements • Individual must be at least 21 years old to register a business. • Foreigners who are not Singapore Permanent Resident (PR) and wants to register a business and get involved actively in the daily running of a business are required to apply for an Approve-In-Principle Employment Pass. • The registered address of a business cannot be a P.O. Box address. • Businesses that want to own a domain name, an email address & a website using a .sg domain name, needs to register with the Singapore Network Information Centre. http://www.nic.net.sg/ • Any changes in the registered particulars of your business fi rm must be notifi ed to the Registrar within 14 days from the date of change. You may logon to Bizfi le (https://www.psi.gov.sg/) to submit the notifi cation. • All business owners must have contributed up-to-date Medisave payments before submitting application as per the CPF requirements.

Incorporation of the Company Converting a business fi rm to a company can also be done through the Bizfi le. If a business owner wishes to retain the same business name for a new company, he will have to submit the name application for approval by way of a name appeal. As the law does not permit identical names to be registered, the business owner will have to undertake to cease his business within three months from the date of incorporation of the company. Certain taxes such as corporate tax and GST would be applicable to the Company.

A person who wants to incorporate a company in Singapore can engage a professional fi rm or service bureau to assist him in the fi ling of the application for incorporation via Bizfi le. (It is an electronic fi ling system. With bizfi le you will be able to carry out many transactions via electronics means without visiting ACRA) A foreigner who wishes to act as a local director of a company has to apply for an Employment Pass or Approval-In- Principle Employment letter from the Employment Pass Department of the Ministry of Manpower (MOM).

28 4.2 Types of Companies

Private Company A company, which is a locally incorporated company, with the number of shareholders, limited to 50.

Exempt Private Company A private company, which has not more than 20 shareholders, and none of whom are a corporation or wholly owned by the Government. This kind of a company can choose to fi le a “Certifi cate of an Exempt Private Company” instead of its accounts at the time of fi ling its annual return.

Public Company limited by shares This is a locally incorporated company where the number of shareholders can be more than 50. The company may raise capital by making a public offering for shares and debentures. In order to make a public offer of shares and debentures, a public company must register a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS).

Public Company limited by guarantee A public company limited by guarantee is one, which carries out non-profi t making activities that have some basis of national or public interest, such as for promoting art, charity etc. The Minister may approve the registration of the company without the addition of the word “Limited” or “Berhad” to its name.

New Company Name A company name must be approved before the company can be registered. This is as per the Companies Act. The proposed name will not be approved if it is identical to the name of another local company, branch of a foreign company or business fi rm. Names which are offensive or vulgar will not be approved.

The application for company name approval can be submitted online via Bizfi le by a professional fi rm or service bureau. A proposed director of a new company can also make the submission. The price of SGD$15 is payable for each approved company name. An approved name will be reserved for 60 days from the date of application.

The processing time is under 2 hours. However, if there may be a need to refer an application to another government authority for comments and feedback, it may take another 14 working days. The processing of a name appeal application if submitted, may take another 5 working days.

The company can be incorporated online once the company name is incorporated. A registration fee of S$300 is payable for a company limited by shares regardless of the amount of its authorised share capital. For a public company limited by guarantee, the registration fee is S$600.

The processing time is under 2 hours.

Companies limited by guarantee may have certain restrictions on their memorandum or articles. For self-incorporation cases, the proposed directors/secretary and subscribers will need to endorse their consent online via Bizfi le within 3 days of submission of the application for incorporation. • Apply for Extension of Reservation Period

An application for the extension of the name reservation period for another 60 days can be submitted online upon payment of an application fee of S$10 for each approved name. • Withdraw a Local Company Name Application

An applicant can withdraw the application for an approved company name if he does not wish to continue to reserve the name

29 4.3 Registering a Foreign Company Branch

Any person who wishes to register a branch of a foreign company is advised to engage a professional, e.g. a lawyer or an accountant to assist him in the preparation and fi ling of the application for registration via Bizfi le. Companies may be liable to certain taxes such as corporate tax and GST.

Basic Requirements The Companies Act requires a foreign company to appoint two local agents in Singapore to act on behalf of the company. The agents must be ordinarily resident in Singapore i.e. Singapore Citizen, Singapore Permanent Resident, a person who has been issued an Employment Pass/Approval-In-Principle letter/Dependant’s Pass. A foreigner who wishes to act as a local agent of a foreign company can apply for an Employment Pass or obtain an Approval-In- Principle letter from the Employment Pass Department of the Ministry of Manpower.

Apply a New Foreign Company Name The application for company name approval can be submitted online via Bizfi le by a professional fi rm or service bureau. A proposed director of a new company can also make the submission. The price of SGD$15 is payable for each approved company name. An approved name will be reserved for 60 days from the date of application. The processing time is under 2 hours. However, if there may be a need to refer an application to another government authority for comments and feedback, it may take another 14 working days. The processing of a name appeal application if submitted, may take another 5 working days.

Registration of a Branch of Foreign Company Registration of a foreign company must be submitted online via Bizfi le by a professional fi rm or company. The registration fee is S$300 for foreign company with shares capital and S$1200 for foreign company without share capital. The normal processing time is under 2 hours.

Apply for Extension of Reservation of Period for Approved Foreign Company Name An application for extension of the name reservation period for another 60 days can be submitted online upon payment of an application fee of S$10 for each approved name.

Withdraw a New Foreign Company Name Application An applicant can withdraw the application for an approved company name if he does not wish to continue to reserve the name.

Register a representative offi ce Setting up a representative offi ce is an ideal launching pad for foreign companies that want to penetrate into Singapore. This can be considered when a foreign company wants to feel the business environment in Singapore before making major investment decisions. However foreign companies should be aware that incorporation of legal corporate entities with the Registry of Companies and Businesses would be necessary to maintain their operations in Singapore in the long term.

Procedure Foreign companies who want to apply for new and renewal representative offi ce can choose the following two ways to send in their applications:

30 4.4 New Application for Representative Offi ce Applications can be submitted through secured online application forms. The fee of S$200 can be made through credit card payment via a secured server connection. The following documents needs to be made available by the applicants: • The parent company’s annual report and audited accounts for the past 1-year as pdf attachments. • The parent Company’s Certifi cate of Incorporation as pdf attachments (in English or an offi cial English translation) Alternate approaches would be to submit hardcopies of the requested documents to International Enterprise (IE) Singapore HQ after fi ling the on-line application or write to IE Singapore to waive them by providing a set of company brochures and provide the needed information as a self-declaration. On-line applicants would be able to enquire the status of their application online. IE Singapore would notify the applicants via e-mail once it receives documents sent and outcome of the application.

Renewal Application for representative offi ce Existing representative offi ce may fi le in the renewal applications online over the web. Applications must provide the following information • The parent company’s latest Annual Report as pdf documents. Alternatively the applicant can submit hardcopies of the requested documents after fi ling the online application. On-line applicants would be able to enquire the status of their application online. IE Singapore would also notify the applicants via e-mail once it receives documents sent and outcome of the application. The fee for each renewal is S$200 per year.

Compliance With Laws The representative offi ces registered by the IE Singapore must comply with the Terms and Conditions as stipulated by the Board. This registration does not exempt the applicant, the representatives or staff from compliance with all written laws in Singapore requiring the registration of various bodies or entities of any sort. The status of the Registration Offi ce can be renewed annually. IE Singapore reserves the right to renew it or not. Applications for renewal must be made 7 days prior to the expiry date of the Registration Offi ce status.

4.5 Government Financing Schemes Broad Based Loan Schemes

Local Enterprise Finance Scheme (LEFS) LEFS is a fi xed interest rate fi nancing programme designed to help SMEs upgrade their operations by improving their access to fi nancing. Loans covered include the Factory Term Loans, Machinery Term Loans, Machinery Hire Purchase Loans, Working Capital Loans and Factoring Loans. LEFS is administered by SPRING Singapore through a network of 16 Participating Financial Institutions (PFIs).

MicroLoan Scheme (for small businesses) A fi xed interest rate fi nancing programme designed to help the very small local enterprises gain better access to fi nancing. Scheme is administered by SPRING Singapore and offered through 16 participating fi nancial institutions.

31 Loan Insurance Scheme (LIS) The Loan Insurance Scheme (LIS) provides an alternative access to fi nancing for local enterprises through the use of loan insurance. Under LIS, Participating Financial Institutions (PFIs) will have added fl exibility of using their own funds to package attractive loan facilities for the enterprises based on their risk profi le. A portion of the loans will be insured against default risks.

Growth Financing Programme The Growth Financing Programme is designed to support early stage, Singapore-based growth companies that have the potential to become globally competitive enterprises. Companies that have successfully completed their product development with early customer traction can apply for equity fi nancing for earnest overseas market expansion activities through the Growth Financing Programme.

Major Exporter Scheme MES is a scheme which allows major exporters (>51% of supplies are exports) to import goods without paying GST at the point of importation. It was introduced for GST registered businesses which have signifi cant imports (GST payable) and export a majority of their goods (for which no GST is collected). MES waives the need for such businesses to pay GST at the point of importation, thus alleviating potential cash fl ow problems that could arise before the fi ling of each GST return.

Once approval is granted, an MES trader does not have to pay GST on the importation of goods under the following situations: > when he imports his own goods in the course or furtherance of his business; > when he imports goods belonging to an overseas customer* for sale in Singapore or re-export on behalf of the over seas customer, in the course or furtherance of his business; > when he imports goods belonging to an overseas customer* solely to be re-exported back to the same overseas customer, in the course or furtherance of his business.

*The overseas customers must not belong in Singapore nor be GST-registered in Singapore. If the overseas customers’ goods are sold in Singapore, the MES trader has to charge and account for GST on such local sales made on behalf of the overseas customers. The MES trader must maintain proper accounting records and control of the overseas customers’ goods.

32 5. Singapore Infrastructure

5.1 Air Transport: The Changi Airport Over the years, the air transport industry has grown swiftly. Air Traffi c has been on the increase globally and there has been constant up gradation to the infrastructure to cope with the increasing demand. To meet Singapore’s future aviation needs plans for a new terminal which is estimated to be completed in 2008 is underway. Singapore is also aiming at developing itself into an international aviation centre.

Singapore has employed the latest technology and entertainment within the airport for instance PCs to surf the net, wireless internet connection, movie theatre, shopping and dining etc at the airport.

The Changi Airport is linked to over 167 cities in 53 countries, is associated with 73 airlines and has 3544 weekly scheduled fl ights. For the year 2003, Changi Airport recorded 24.7 million passengers, 1.6 million tonnes of airfreight movement. The Changi Airport has been the recipient of various awards and has been termed as the “Best Airport in the World” numerous times, the most being by the magazine, Business Traveller (UK/Europe) from the years 1988 to 2004.

Changi Airport is widely acknowledged as one of the best airports in the world by air travellers. Rated by airline pilots as one of the best airports globally in terms of air safety, Changi Airport has been accorded with “starless” or “defi ciency free” rating since its opening in 1981. The airport has accumulated over 180 accolades from many prestigious trade magazines since 1985. Singapore has air services agreements with 90 countries and has open skies agreements with the United States, New Zealand and Brunei Darussalam. For more information please visit www.mot.gov.sg and www.changi.airport.com

5.2 Ports: PSA Singapore is renowned as a global hub port and this is because of its fi rst-rate infrastructure and strategic location of the shipping routes. The Port is linked to 600 ports in 123 countries with over 200 shipping lines. This includes daily sailings to all main ports worldwide. PSA Corporation Ltd and Jurong Port handle the operations of the Port. PSA Singapore is the largest “transhipment hub” in the world. More than 40,000 containers and 60 vessels calls are managed by the four terminals of PSA. As of October 2004 it handled 17.1 million TEUs (Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit) container throughput an increase of 14% from 15 million in 2003. There are a number of services the port provides like bunkering, cargo handling, oil refining ship building, warehousing etc. Security services are provided and fire prevention measures are taken.

The premier choice for international ship owners is Singapore Port. Singapore is a Council member of the International Maritime Organisation which is the international organisation of maritime affairs. The statutory board, Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore under the Ministry of Transport, which came into being in 1996,takes care of all the port and maritime affairs. Its mission is to promote Singapore as a premier global hub and international maritime centre and safeguard the strategic maritime interests. The port has won awards such as the Best Seaport in Asia and the Container Terminal for the year.

For details please see www.mot.gov.sg and www.singaporepsa.com

5.3 Public Transport: MRTs, Buses, Taxis The public transport assures that quality service is provided, that the fares remain affordable and that there is a wide range of choice. The MRT (Mass Rapid Transit System) consist of three main lines and 65 functioning MRT stations. There are 2 LRT (Light Rail Transit System). Buses provide all kinds of services like express service, rapid service, night service and there are additional buses during the peak hours. The services have to meet the standards and criteria’s laid down by the Public Transport Council (PTC). The Taxi drivers are required to know the routes, provide standard service, and have good and safe driving skills. Taxis are operated by fi ve taxi companies and a few individual owners. From 1998, taxi fares have been deregulated and fares are set by taxi companies; this is done so that there is some fl exibility for the companies to respond to market changes and also balance the supply and demand. The taxis have electronic meters and they start at a basic rate of S$2.40. They also charge additional surcharge for peak periods, prior booking of taxis, public holidays etc. The taxis are fi tted with radio telephones for the purpose of booking.

Please see www.mot.gov.sg for details

33 5.4 Technology and Telecommunications Singapore is one of Asia’s leading business and infocomm centre. Singapore is also the telecommunication centre of Southeast Asia which has four satellite stations and three international digital gateways which provide the telecommunications link. The broadband network in Singapore reaches 99 per cent of the population. Singapore ONE is the country’s initiative to a new level of interactive, multimedia applications and services to businesses, homes and schools throughout Singapore.

The Infocomm Authority of Singapore (IDA) was formed in 1999 as a statutory board of the government. The Board develops and regulates info-communications in Singapore and provides comprehensive programmes for local and international companies.

They have also initiated various programmes like the following:- Connected Homes: - In order for people to enjoy a ‘connected lifestyle’, this programme provides integrated end to end solutions for homes and a test bed environment for industries to develop.

Weave (Web Services): - This helps the progress of Singapore’s Information Technology industry by tapping on to the market potential of Web services.

SAFE (Securing Assets for End-Users) Programme: - This provides infocomm security which is in risk of the increasing cyber crimes.

The Network Readiness Index 2002-2003 rates Singapore 3rd after Finland and the US in terms of Networked readiness. Please see www.ida.gov.sg 5.5 Water The Public Utility Board (PUB) handles Singapore’s waterworks, rivers, drainage system, reservoirs and sewerage system and optimises Singapore’s water resources. They supply water at an affordable cost to the nation. Singapore is supplied with fresh and potable water. Tap water is safe to drink and is treated to a quality within the WHO’s Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality. There are two natural taps - the local catchments and water from Johor, Malaysia.

There are also alternative sources of water like NEWater which is high-grade reclaimed water and exceeds the stan- dards of WHO and USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency). NEWater will primarily be used in in- dustries such as wafer fabrication plants, which require large quantities of high-grade water and also in commercial buildings for air-conditioner cooling purposes. NEWater is mainly to benefi t industrial and commercial areas. Another source of water is desalinated water, which will be available from the second half of 2005. http://www.pub.gov.sg/ 5.6 Electricity and Gas Supply On April 1st 2001 the Energy Market Authority was formed to regulate the electricity and gas industry along with district cooling services in designated areas. The body is governed by the Electricity Act and Energy Market Authority of Singapore Act. The Energy Market Authority sets out the functions, duties and powers. It accounts for the safe and economic supply of electricity. There has been the introduction of the New Electricity Market which consists of both wholesale and retail. This has been done to encourage effective supply of competitively priced electricity.

The Gas Industry which is governed by the Gas Act provides a safe, economic environment for the transportation and retailing of gas. It also creates a competitive framework for the industry. Town Gas which is used for domestic purposes such as cooking, heating etc is served by a pipeline network covering 80 per cent of the households in Singapore. Natural Gas is imported for generation of power and is used mainly in power stations and industrial areas. For more information please see http://www.ema.gov.sg for more information.

34 5.7 Environment and National Security The Ministry of Environment provides Singapore with a clean living environment by providing us with clean water, air and land. Singapore has always had high air quality because of its stringent emission standards and using sources that has less pollutants such as natural gas. Rivers, coastal areas and streams are kept pollution free.

Singapore is also well known worldwide for its high health standards. Food and water related diseases have been kept low and also there is a good control over communicable diseases. Within the Ministry of Environment, the Pollution Control Department is in charge of environmental planning and is accountable for pollution control of air, water and noise, management of hazardous substances and poisonous industrial waste. Proper Sanitation is also provided to the residents. The main legislation act for this environmental pollution control is the Environmental Pollution Control Act. There is an effective drainage system with drains and canals constructed all over Singapore.

Waste is collected everyday and disposed off to incineration plants. Singapore educates the public to minimise wastage by reducing, recycling and reusing at industrial, residential and educational areas. All the food places such as food courts, supermarkets, restaurants, markets etc have to conform with the rules and regulations and manage a high standard of hygiene and sanitation.

Singapore is a safe and secure place for people to live in. This is made possible by the Singapore Civil Defence and the Singapore Police Force. Multiracial harmony exists and there is internal stability. A low crime rate is maintained. The Total Defence Programme is another way of securing internal stability. The fi ve components of Total Defence are Economic, Psychological, Social, Civil and Military Defence.

For more details please see http://app.mewr.gov.sg/

35 6. Major Industries

6.1 Chemicals Singapore has long been a global hub for oil refi ning and a cost-competitive location for highly integrated, world-scale petrochemical plants. Jurong Island, created in the 1990s by merging seven smaller islands, is home to some of the world’s biggest names in the petroleum and petrochemicals industries such as ExxonMobil, Shell, ChevronTexaco, BASF, Sumitomo Chemical and Mitsui Chemical.

Singapore also plays host to top players in the specialty chemicals industry, in the area of lube and fuel additives, consumer care specialties, electronic chemicals and materials, polymer additives, and coatings and inks.

The chemical industry grew strongly in 2002 despite diffi cult conditions. Output grew by 7 percent to SGD$31.2 billion and value-added grew 22 percent to SGD$4.9 billion. The petroleum sector accounted for slightly more than half, or S$17.6 billion, of the total output, with petrochemicals generating SGD$8.5 billion.

Companies in the chemicals industry fi nd Singapore a compelling location where they have ready access to a network of industry partners and service providers.

The 12 research institutes and three universities offer ample opportunity for R&D collaborations. The Institute of Chemicals and Engineering Sciences, to be completed by end 2003, will be a focal point for R&D collaboration with the chemical industry.

The chemicals industry will continue to broaden, creating growth opportunities in new areas such as specialty materials and consumer care.

We welcome enquiries about investment opportunities in: • Petrochemicals • Petroleum • Specialty Chemicals & Materials • Food & Consumer Care

6.2 Biomedical Sciences Progress in Singapore’s biomedical sciences is rapid. Singapore is building upon a strong foundation of public sector infrastructure for the biomedical sciences that comprises hospitals and specialty centres, research institutes, and universities. Activities in biomedical sciences are focused on healthcare services, pharmaceuticals, medical devices and biotechnology. Capabilities in Singapore span from research, to commercial manufacturing, to innovation.

The Biomedical Sciences (BMS) industry is a key growth engine for the Singapore economy. Manufacturing capacity has been expanding strongly, along with the rapid development of R&D expertise and capabilities. Leading companies with signifi cant manufacturing operations include Applied Biosystems, Aventis, Baxter, BD (Becton Dickinson), CIBA Vision, Fischer Scientifi c, GlaxoSmithKline, Japan Medical Supply, Kaneka, Leica, Merck & Co., Novartis, 1800- Contacts, Perkin Elmer, Pfi zer, Schering-Plough, Siemens Medical Instruments and Wyeth.

36 6.2 Pharmaceuticals In R&D, companies like Novartis, Eli Lilly, Isis Pharmaceutical, Vanda Pharmaceuticals, Paradigm Therapeutics, Cordlife and MerLion Pharmaceuticals undertake drug discovery and development work in Singapore.

Medical Technology players with R&D presence include BD, Welch Allyn, Essilor, Siemens Medical Instruments, Bracco, Applied Biosystems, and Fischer Scientifi c. Medical Technology players with Regional Headquarters in Singapore include Cardinal Health, Johnson & Johnson Medical, Tyco Healthcare and Zimmer.

In October 2003, Biopolis was opened and is rapidly becoming the epicentre of biomedical research in Singapore. It brings together more than 2,000 researchers from the fi ve public-funded biomedical research institutes and research laboratories of major biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. Plug-and-play facilities, like ready fi tted-out labs to incubate startups, and the setting up of shared facilities and services for corporate and academic researchers, are also available.

Singapore has put in place various initiatives to complement industry growth. One of these is a robust ethical framework to guide biomedical research; another is a comprehensive regime for the protection of intellectual property rights.

BMS companies can apply for a range of funds to support different stages of their development. The Proof of Concept (POC) scheme for instance, aims to provide pre-seed funding to university and hospital researchers for the development of early ideas that are patentable, and could lead to the formation of new startups or licensing deals with biomedical sciences companies. This is complemented by the Biomedical Sciences Innovate ‘N’ Create Scheme, which provides seed capital for startups.

6.3 Electronics and Precision Engineering The electronics and precision engineering sector is the main driver of Singapore’s manufacturing industry, and it’s growing steadily. Several sub-sectors are shaping up with new growth engines, with leading companies expanding their presence in Singapore.

EDB is keen to see more companies in electronics and precision engineering use Singapore to manufacture high value-added products, carry out R&D, create and manage intellectual property, and manage regional operations.

The sub-sectors of particular interest are: • Semiconductors • Electronics Manufacturing Services, Storage and Peripherals • Electronic Modules and Components • Precision Modules and Components • Machinery and Systems

37 6.4 Engineering and Environmental Services The rapid growth of Asia is an exciting development, and certainly one closely-observed by companies in the engineering and environmental services industry. Economic Development Board projects that this industry will grow by about 5 to 10 per cent annually over the next 10 years.

Forty years of industrialisation, and the building and maintenance of a clean and green city, have given Singapore a wealth of experience in engineering and environmental services.

Today, Singapore is home to industry leaders like Kellogg Brown & Root, Foster Wheeler, Jacobs Engineering and M+W Zander for engineering services; Emerson, Yokogawa and Honeywell for process controls and instrumentation, and Hyfl ux, GE Water, Siemens Water and Pall Filtration for environmental technology. So confi dent are they in Singapore that several of these companies have already established their headquarters here and expanded their operations.

Singapore can also claim the presence of world-class companies in testing, analysis and certifi cation services for diverse industries throughout the region. These services are expected to take on a higher profile as more transactions fl ow between Asia and the world.

Singapore is a one-stop solutions centre for the engineering and environmental services industry. To maintain its lead, new initiatives are constantly being introduced to boost the width and depth of technical capabilities, as well as the rate of innovation in providing value-added solutions.

To support Singapore’s initiative as a living-working lab, Innovation in Environmental Technology, or EnnovaTe, was introduced as a collaborative platform between companies and government entities to encourage innovation, development and commercialisation of new environmental technologies such as water treatment, waste management and air pollution control. This will complement the existing SINERGY (Singapore Initiative in New Energy Technology) programme, whose objective is to advance the development of innovative alternative energy technologies.

Singapore defi nitely offers many business opportunities in the following areas: • Engineering Services • Process Controls & Instrumentation • Environmental Technology • Testing, Analysis & Certifi cation

6.5 Infocommunications and Media A strong communications infrastructure and rapidly developing research capabilities provide fertile ground for Singapore’s infocommunications and media industry.

EDB is focusing on building Singapore’s strengths in the creation of new content, software and products. The aim is to build a sophisticated market that will serve as a living working laboratory for companies. Together with other agencies, EDB is creating opportunities for the test-bedding of new technologies, standards and solutions.

These facilities stimulate activities ranging from marketing and technology exchange to networking, business partnerships and collaboration. We invite enquiries about opportunities in: • Media and Digital Entertainment • IT, Computing and E-business • Communications

38 6.6 Logistics and Transport Engineering Strategic location, effi cient 24/7 operations, reliable physical and IT infrastructure, and excellent connectivity have made Singapore a compelling global logistics hub and supply chain management (SCM) nerve centre. Already, more than 3,000 international and local logistics companies from various industries are benefi ting from the competitive total package we offer.

Singapore is a strategic SCM nerve centre of Asia. Building on its traditional strengths in its seaport and airport, it implemented two specialised logistics infrastructure projects - the Airport Logistics Park of Singapore in the airport free trade zone, and Banyan LogisPark on Jurong Island. These provide ideal logistics environment at competitive costs.

Singapore’s emphasis on logistics/SCM training and education provides the industry with a dynamic talent pool, well equipped to meet the challenges of the ever-changing supply chain needs.

Singapore’s transport engineering sector, underpinned by strong mechanical engineering capabilities, comprises the aerospace, marine and offshore engineering and land transport industries. The booming demand for oil and gas exploration will boost the offshore engineering, and oil and gas equipment markets. Already, Cooper Cameron is making Singapore its centre of competence for high-end equipment, whilst initiatives like the Marine Group LIUP Affi liates Programme, and TRIDENT, will strengthen Singapore’s position as an international maritime hub and offshore engineering centre. In land transport, automotive companies like DaimlerChrysler, Yamaha, Volvo and Delphi have picked Singapore for a range of business activities - including headquarters, distribution, testbedding, R&D and manufacturing.

We would like to invite you onboard to explore opportunities with us in these areas: • Logistics/supply chain management • Aerospace • Marine and offshore engineering • Land transport

6.7 Professional Services Singapore is home to more than 7,000 multinational companies, many of which have established their international or regional headquarters here. The growing list of international companies and startups also translates into an increasing demand for professional services.

In legal services, the areas of arbitration, regional law, and intellectual property have seen new developments to cater to the growing needs of the region. Eight of the top 20 international law firms in the world, including Baker & McKenzie, Jones Day and Linklaters, already have a signifi cant presence here. Singapore is fast becoming the regional professional services hub, particularly the areas of: • Auditing, accounting and management consulting • Market development, comprising market research, advertising and public relations • Human capital services • Legal services Already, many of the world’s top names in professional services have their Singapore operations in place, ready to take on the region.

39 6.8 Real Estate Singapore’s real estate market is governed by two Government bodies, the HDB and the URA. Owing to Singapore’s small size and high population, cautious land use planning is imperative for the nation’s future.

Singapore’s Housing Development Board (HDB) was set up in 1960 as a statutory board of the Ministry of National Development. Their mission is to build affordable homes of high quality, in integrated environments that meet modern lifestyle needs. As a result of their sustained public housing programme, 84 percent of Singapore’s population lives in quality homes of standards widely recognised for their excellence, in housing towns that are vibrant hubs of life and activity. A hallmark of Singapore, these sky-rise wonders offer greenery, amenities and facilities that fl ow seamlessly.

The Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) is Singapore’s national land use planning authority. URA prepares long term strategic plans, as well as detailed local area plans, for physical development, and then co-ordinates and guides efforts to bring these plans to reality. Prudent land use planning has enabled Singapore to enjoy strong economic growth and social cohesion, and ensures that suffi cient land is safeguarded to support continued economic progress and future development. URA has to take into consideration not just the needs of the city but all the needs of an independent nation and provide suffi cient land for economic growth and future development.

6.9 Shared Services Singapore’s value propositions have attracted more than 7,000 MNCs, many of which have established regional or international headquarters here. As their operations grow, it makes increasing sense to consolidate certain corporate horizontal functions in one location. Singapore is emerging as a fi rm favourite for the centralisation of services - a global trend which has its foundations in lower operating costs, consistent service levels and enhanced productivity. Singapore targets four categories of shared services activities: IT, fi nance, logistics and general functions including administration, human resources and manufacturing services. These activities leverage on the country’s existing strengths in infocommunications technology, fi nance and logistics.

Singapore is well recognised as an international financial hub, offering wide ranging products and activities comprising trade fi nancing, foreign exchange, derivatives and capital markets. Little wonder then that foreign banks and major audit and accounting companies have based their operations here, and companies seek a presence on the Singapore Exchange.

With the world’s best airport and busiest container transhipment ports, Singapore has also earned a reputation as a premier logistics hub. Singapore is also home to over 2,000 software developers and 69 of the global top 100 IT companies have substantial operations here. Indian IT companies are enjoying the benefi ts of operating from Singapore. Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) and the Scandent Group have recently established their International Headquarters here, from which they provide a range of BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) services.

DFS’s Global Shared Services Centre in Singapore functions as its global fi nance hub handling all purchase, invoice and billing as well as general ledger, fi xed asset and corporate accounting for DFS worldwide.

Cost savings aside, it’s also Singapore’s reputation for reliability which has helped anchor Polaris and IBM’s disaster recovery operations here. They join companies like Toyota Tsusho and ExxonMobil in building Singapore as a strong centre for shared services, and recently, also for business continuity activities.

Source: Economic Development Board: www.sedb.com

40 7. Trade – Import & Export Regulations

To engage in import, export and transhipment activities in Singapore: • First register with the Accounting & Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA). • Upon successful registration with ACRA, please apply to Singapore Customs for a Central Registration (CR) Number. This CR Number enables you to submit Import, Export and Transhipment Permit applications through TradeNet. Your CR Number is processed free of charge.

CR Number The Central Registration (CR) Number will be issued to the applicant for the registration subject to the following terms and conditions:

Use of CR Number The CR Number is: a) for use in all import, export and transhipment permits, certifi cates and any other documents issued by the Director- General of Customs (hereinafter referred to as “the Director-General”) pursuant to the provisions in the Regulation of Imports and Exports Act (Chapter 272A) and its Regulations; b) personal to the applicant. The applicant shall ensure that it is this personal CR Number that is used in each and every application made by the applicant, or persons duly authorised by the applicant, for permits, licences, certifi cates and other documents as provided for under the Regulation of Imports and Exports Act (Chapter 272A) and its Regulations. Any use of a CR Number that is not personal to the applicant shall be deemed to be a breach of these terms and condition and the applicant shall be subject to the penalties as provided for herein; c) not to be used when the applicant ceases to be a legal entity; and d) not transferable.

Permit Requirements Imports For imports of all goods (including controlled and non-controlled items) into Singapore, • Obtain an Import Permit through TradeNet before goods are imported into Singapore • Subject to the payment of Goods and Services Tax (GST) which is levied at 5% of the CIF (cost, insurance and freight) value at the time of importation.

Import of High-Technology Products • Certain high-technology products are subject to export control by the exporting country. In this case, the exporter in the exporting country may ask the Singapore importer for an Import Certifi cate and Delivery Verifi cation (ICDV) from Singapore. • The Singapore Customs will issue the ICDV to you if your application is in order. The purpose of the ICDV is to ensure that the items are in fact imported into Singapore and are not diverted or re-export to a proscribed destination.

41 Exports For exports of goods out of Singapore, • Obtain an Export Permit through TradeNet within 3 days of export if your goods are non-controlled and are exported by sea or air. • Obtain an Export Permit through TradeNet before goods are exported out of Singapore if your goods are controlled or are exported by road and rail.

Products Requiring Export Approvals Some products are subject to quota restriction or special documentation requirement. Details are explained below:

Textiles and Textile Products Before exporting textiles and textile products including samples, gifts and souvenir items made from textiles to Canada, EU and the USA, you should check with the Documentation Specialists Branch of Singapore Customs whether your product is under quota restriction. If it is, you must ensure that the registered manufacturer has the required quotas before you apply for the relevant Certifi cate or document for the consignment.

For exports of textiles and textile products of Singapore origin subject to quota restrictions in the EU, you need to obtain the Export Licence and the CO for the importers in those markets. For textiles and textile products of Singapore origin exported to the US, a Textile Visa is required by the US Customs Service for each consignment except for ramie, silk and linen products.

Aquarium Fish and Fresh-Cut Orchids

Germany requires an Export Certifi cate for every consignment of cut fl owers imported into the country.

Our Singapore Customs (Aircargo) processes Certifi cates of Origin for the export of aquarium fi sh and fresh-cut orchids.

Transhipment For all transhipment of goods from one Free Trade Zone to another and for transhipment of controlled items within the same Free Trade Zone, • Obtain a Transhipment Permit through TradeNet before goods are imported into Singapore

Using TradeNet To apply for a TradeNet Permit, you may either: • Subscribe as a TradeNet User to submit permit applications for processing and approval. Please contact the TradeNet System Administrator, CrimsonLogic at Tel No. (65) 6887 7888 for more information; or • Appoint an agent, freight forwarder or TradeNet Service Centre to submit the permit applications on your behalf.

42 Permit Exemption 1. The requirement for permits shall not apply if such goods are not controlled imports, controlled exports or controlled transhipments are: i. personal or household effects, other than motor vehicles, which: a. accompany passengers, crew or employees of transport undertakings by land, sea or air; b. are not being transported for sale but are intended for the personal or household use of such passengers, crew or employees of transport undertakings; and

ii. being imported, exported or transhipped by parcel post and such importation, exportation and transhipment is not prohibited under regulation 6 of the Regulation of Imports and Exports Regulations;

iii. diplomatic correspondence;

iv. being imported, exported or transhipped by: a.the joint defence force, including the Singapore Armed Forces, the Singapore Police Force and the Singapore Joint Civil Defence Force, including personal and household effects of its offi cers but excluding civilian motor vehicles; or b.the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, including personal and household effects of its offi cers but excluding motor vehicles;

v. used motor vehicles covered by Carnet de Passage which are endorsed by the Automobile Association of Singapore;

vi. trade samples, specimens for analysis or test, and gifts, the value of which does not exceed S$400.00 in total value, including the following controlled items: a. food items including tableware and kitchenware made of porcelain or china controlled by the Food Control Division. b. fi sh and fi shery products (excluding species controlled under CITES); fruits and vegetables (excluding those from the American Tropics); and fl owers (excluding species controlled under CITES and those from the American Tropics) controlled by Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority (AVA); c. rice of all descriptions controlled by the IE Singapore

vii. commercial, shipping or airline documents, press photographs or negatives, news write-ups, news clippings, news fi lms or news transcription tapes;

viii. human corpses, human remains, human bones or cremated ashes; or

ix. human transplant materials.

2. The requirement of a permit to export any goods shall not apply if such goods: i. are not controlled exports; ii. have a total value which does not exceed $400; and iii. are being exported unaccompanied by air by a tourist.

3. The requirement of a permit to tranship any goods shall not apply if such goods: i. are not controlled import, controlled exports or controlled transhipments; and ii. are not transhipped from one free trade zone to another.

43 Third Country Trading through Singapore A Singapore company may arrange for the shipment of their goods from a second country to a third country. If it is shown as the shipper in both the incoming and outgoing bills of lading/air waybills/manifests, and

Where the goods are not discharged in Singapore • No import and export permits are required.

Where the goods are discharged in Singapore • No import and export permits are required • The carrier’s agents must indicate against the consignment in the inward and outward manifests the following remarks: “Transhipped through Singapore on Through Bill of Lading to ...... (Destination)”

Temporary Import/Export under ATA Carnet Import • Import permits are not required for goods imported under ATA Carnet. However, where some or all of the goods are not re-exported, you must obtain the necessary import permit(s) for the goods. • If the goods to be imported are under import control, you must obtain the endorsement/approval from the relevant controlling agency before the arrival of the controlled goods in Singapore. • You must present the ATA Carnet (endorsed by Customs) to the carrier’s agent to effect shipment of the goods. The B/L or AWB number should be indicated on the top right hand corner of the ATA Carnet. The carrier’s agent will: • retain a copy of the ATA Carnet • indicate in the manifest, the ATA Carnet No. against the item which was exported under the ATA Carnet.

Export In Singapore, ATA Carnets are issued only by the Singapore International Chamber of Commerce (SICC). You should apply to the SICC for an ATA Carnet for goods temporarily exported from Singapore.

7.1 Import Procedures #1 Register Your Business You can register your business (or incorporate a company) online at Online Business Licensing Service website. http://licences.business.gov.sg

#2 Apply for a Central Registration (CR) Number Once you have successfully registered your business, you will need to apply for a CR Number (http://www.traderegister.gov.sg/crnum.html) which is processed free of charge.

#3 Submit Import Permit Applications You have to submit permit applications through TradeNet® before goods can be imported into Singapore. In general, all goods imported are subject to Goods and Services Tax (GST) levied at 5% of the CIF value (Cost, Insurance and Freight) inclusive of all other charges, costs and expenses incidental to the sale and delivery of the goods into Singapore. Take a look at the list of dutiable goods and their respective customs/excise duty rates.

After receiving an approval for your permit applications from Singapore Customs and the CA (where applicable), read the approval messages carefully and comply with all the conditions stated, if any.

44 Controlled Goods The import of some goods is subject to the control of Competent Authorities (CA) which require you to apply for approvals or licences prior to importing the goods. If your goods are under the Controlled List, you are required to submit the Permit applications to the relevant CA through TradeNet® for processing before you can import the goods.

#4 Apply for an Import Certifi cation, if applicable Certain high-technology products are subjected to export control by the exporting country. Hence, the exporter in the exporting country may ask the Singapore importer for an Import Certifi cate and Delivery Verifi cation (ICDV) from Singapore.

The Singapore Customs will issue the ICDV to you if your application is in order. The purpose of the ICDV is to ensure that the items are in fact imported into Singapore and are not diverted or re-exported to a proscribed destination For more information please see http://www.tradenet.gov.sg 7.2 Export Procedures #1 Register Your Business You can register your business (or incorporate a company) online at Online Business Licensing Service website.

#2 Apply for a Central Registration (CR) Number Once you have successfully registered your business, you will need to apply for a CR Number which is processed free of charge.

#3 Submit Export Permit Applications You have to submit permit applications through TradeNet® within 3 days of export if your goods are non-controlled and exported by sea or air.

However, if your goods are controlled or exported by road and rail, you will be required to submit the export permit applications through the TradeNet® system for processing prior to export.

After receiving an approval for your permit applications from Singapore Customs and the CA (where applicable), read the approval messages carefully and comply with all the conditions stated, if any are exporting/re-exporting controlled goods, prior approval/licences from the relevant competent authorities must be obtained. • Controlled goods include: goods that are controlled by the Competent Agencies (CA). Please click here to view the list of controlled goods by the CA. You are required to apply for licences (where applicable) and obtained a valid export permit through TradeNet before the export. please see Highlights on CA’s Procedures • Strategic goods and related software and technology controlled under the Schedule of the Strategic Goods Controls Act (GCA) (http://www.stgc.gov.sg/stgc/uploadedfi les/SGCA_16Feb04.pdf) by Singapore Cus toms. An item not listed in the Schedule of SGCA can be controlled if you know, suspect or have been informed that it is intended or likely to be intended for nuclear, chemical or biological weapons purposes or missiles ca pable of delivering such weapons. A JNTDEC3 “XO” TradeNet permit approved by Singapore Customs must be obtained before you can export/re-export these controlled goods. Please note that if the items are controlled by both Singapore Customs under SGCA as well as other CAs (e.g. Arms and Explosives Branch or National Authority (Chemical Weapons Convention etc), a JNTDEC3 “XO” permit (instead of the normal “OU” export permit) is required. JNTDEC3 permit applications should be submitted at least 3 working days before the export. For more information on strategic goods control requirements and its procedures, please visit the strategic goods control website or call the Strategic Goods Control Helpline at 6337 5996.

#4 Apply for an Export Licence or Textile Visa, if applicable Some textile and garment goods are subjected to quota restriction or special documentation requirement. You can check with the Singapore Customs’ Documentation Specialists Branch whether your good is subjected to quota restriction: Singapore Customs’ Documentation Specialists Branch Tel: 6355 2000 Email: [email protected]

45 If it is, you must ensure that the registered producer of the good has the required quotas, before you apply for the relevant Certifi cate or document for the consignment. You can also get information on preferential tariff treatment under the various Schemes of Preferences or Free Trade Agreements.

For more information on export procedures please check: - http://www.tradenet.gov.sg

7.3 Trans-shipment Procedures #1 Register Your Business You can register your business (or incorporate a company) online at Online Business Licensing Service website.

#2 Apply for a Central Registration (CR) Number Once you have successfully registered your business, you will need to apply for a CR Number which is processed free of charge.

#3 Submit Trans-shipment Permit Applications You are required to obtain a valid transshipment permit through TradeNet before the goods is brought on board the conveyance in which it is to be transshipped from Singapore for: • All transshipment of goods from one Free Trade Zone to another Free Trade Zone • Transshipment of items controlled by the Competent Authorities (http://www.tradenet.gov.sg/trdnet/uploadedfi les/ App_d.doc) within the same Free Trade Zone. • Transshipment of strategic goods controlled under Part III of the Schedule (http://www.stgc.gov.sg/stgc/uploaded fi les/partIII.pdf) of the Strategic Goods (Control) Act (SGCA) or any goods intended or likely to be intended for nuclear, chemical or biological weapon purposes or missiles capable of delivering such weapons. You are re quired to obtain a JNTDEC3 “XP” TradeNet permit approved by Singapore Customs. For transit of goods through Singapore, a JNTDEC3 “XP” TradeNet permit approved by Singapore Customs is required under the SGCA if you know, suspect or have been notifi ed that the goods is intended or likely to be intended for nuclear, chemical or biological weapon purposes or missiles capable of delivering such weapons. For more information on strategic goods control requirements and its procedures, please visit the strategic goods control website or call the Strategic Goods Control Helpline at 6337 5996.

7.4 Applying through TradeNet TradeNet, Singapore’s venture into electronic trading using EDI (Electronic Data Interchange), was implemented on 1st Jan 1989. EDI is the exchange of structured messages between various subscribers of the network. The network, in this case, is an electronic messaging service administered by CrimsonLogic Pte Ltd. The TradeNet System uses the mailbox concept. It functions like a “postman” which sorts and directs mail into the correct mailbox. Under the TradeNet System, the trading community is given the means of submitting permit applications electronically to the government bodies (Singapore Customs and the various Competent Authorities) for processing. If the permit application is approved, a permit message will be returned electronically to the sender.

To apply for a TradeNet Permit, you may either: • Subscribe as a TradeNet User to submit permit applications for processing and approval. Please contact the TradeNet System Administrator, CrimsonLogic at Tel No. (65) 6887 7888 for more information; or • Appoint an agent, freight forwarder or TradeNet Service Centre to submit the permit applications on your behalf. For further information on TradeNet, please visit the website http://www.tradenet.gov.sg

46 7.5 Certifi cates of Origin What is a Certifi cate of Origin (CO)? Ordinary Certifi cate of Origin • A document that can be used to satisfy your buyers that the products exported are wholly obtained produced or manufactured in Singapore, depending on the Rules of Origin. Examples are:

• Ordinary CO

• Ordinary CO - for textile products exported to the EU only Preferential Certifi cate of Origin

• A document that can help improve the competitive edge of your exports by enabling your buyers to claim prefer ential tariff treatment when importing your products under one of the Schemes of Preferences or Free Trade Agreements. Examples are: • Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) Form A • Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT) Form D • Commonwealth Preference Certifi cate (CP) • Global System of Trade Preferences (GSTP) Certifi cate

Schemes of Preferences Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) • A system offering preferential tariff treatment for eligible products exported from developing countries (or benefi ciary or donee countries) to the developed countries (or donor countries). Concessions granted can be in the form of reduced tariff or full exemption from tariff.

• Donor countries extending the concessions under this scheme are: • Belarus Country Year • Canada Brunei Darussalam By 2002 • Norway • Russian Federation Indonesia By 2002

Malaysia By 2002 Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT) Scheme Philippines By 2002 • An arrangement among ASEAN countries to reduce intra-regional tariffs and remove non-tariff barriers over a 9-year period beginning Thailand By 2002 on 1 Jan 1993. Singapore By 2002

• The list of ASEAN countries and their respective target year for Vietnam By 2006 reducing their tariffs on eligible products to 0-5% are as follows: Laos By 2008

Myanmar By 2008

Cambodia By 2010

47 Commonwealth Preference (CP) • A scheme offered by Mauritius and Seychelles extending preferential import duty on eligible products exported from Singapore.

Global System of Trade Preferences (GSTP) • A system offering preferential tariff treatment for eligible products exported from a participant country to another participant country. The concessions granted take the form of reduced tariff or full exemption from tariff. • Participant countries extending concessions under this scheme are:

> Algeria > Mexico > Argentina > Morocco > Bangladesh > Mozambique > Benin > Myanmar > Bolivia > Nicaragua > Brazil > Nigeria > Cameroon > Pakistan > Chile > Peru > Columbia > Philippines > Cuba > Republic of Korea > Democratic People’s Republic of Korea > Romania > Ecuador > Singapore > Egypt > Sri Lanka > Ghana > Sudan > Guinea > Thailand > Guyana > Trinidad & Tobago > India > Tunisia > Indonesia > United Republic of Tanzania > Iran (Islamic Republic of) > Venezuela > Iraq > Vietnam > Libyan Arab Jamahiriya > Yugoslavia > Malaysia > Zimbabwe

Factory Registration To apply for a Certifi cate of Origin (CO) from Singapore Customs: • The factory manufacturing this product must be registered with Singapore Customs and the product must qualify as being of Singapore origin. • If you are not the manufacturer of the product and you wish to apply for a CO, you should confi rm that the manufacturer in Singapore has met this requirement.

To register the factory: • The manufacturer should fi rst complete a Manufacturer’s Application Form and submit it to the following address: Singapore Customs Documentation Specialists Branch 55 Newton Road #10-01 Revenue House Singapore 307987

48 • A Customs officer will arrange to inspect the factory to see that it has the machinery and manpower to manufacture the product and that it keeps proper books and records of its operations. • Upon successful application, the manufacturer will receive a letter of approval from Singapore Customs together with a registration number. • Companies granted pioneer status by the Economic Development Board may be exempted from having their factory inspected if their applications are supported by documentary evidence of their pioneer status.

Submission of Manufacturing Cost Statement / Letter of Undertaking Before applying for a CO, you must check if the Manufacturing Cost Statement for the product is required for verifi cation by the Singapore Customs. If so: • The manufacturer must prepare the Cost Statement for every product model based on the format given by Singapore Customs. • The Managing Director and the Accountant must jointly certify the Cost Statement true and correct. The Singapore Customs may also require your Cost Statement to be certifi ed by a public accountant. • Each approved Cost Statement is valid for one year and must be updated annually or earlier when there are changes during the year. • To renew approved Cost Statement, you may submit a Letter of Undertaking (LU) to the Singapore Customs, declaring that your product for all models are still qualifi ed at the prevailing origin criteria of the relevant tariff preferential / non-preferential Scheme which was previously approved. • Upon verifi cation and confi rmation that the product satisfi es the origin criteria for the CO, you will receive an approval letter for the Cost Statement. The manufacturer or his exporter may then apply for the relevant CO.

7.5 Application for Certifi cate of Origin You can apply for the CO and the Export Permit through the TradeNet System. The Singapore Customs declaration type is IESGPDCO. For further details on the application and processing of the Certifi cate of Origin, please visit http://www.tradenet.gov.sg

Issuing Authorities • Besides the Singapore Customs, you can also apply for the Ordinary CO and the Commonwealth Preference Certifi cate for most products from the following authorised organisations (AOs): > Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry > Singapore Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry > Singapore International Chamber of Commerce > Singapore Malay Chamber of Commerce and Industry > Singapore Manufacturers’ Federation > Singapore Commodity Exchange Ltd (for rubber products only). • These organisations issue the Certifi cates not only for locally manufactured or processed products, but also for products from other countries which are re-exported from Singapore. • However, they do not issue the Ordinary CO for the export of the following Singapore-made products: > textiles and textile products to Canada, EU and the USA

49 Trader Registration 1. New Application 2. Update of Particulars 3. Renewal (For exporters of Singapore-origin textiles and apparel products to the USA only) 4. Cancellation 5. Change of Access Code 6. View Registration Status 7. Check Own Access Code/ Central Registration (CR) Number

Traders who wish to conduct business in Singapore will have to be registered with the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA).

If you are already registered with ACRA (formerly known as RCB) and wish to conduct import, export, trans-shipment and other trading activities in Singapore, you need to register for a Central Registration Number.

You may also need to register with Singapore Customs for duty & GST purposes. You may also wish to apply to the Major Exporters Scheme from the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS).

In addition, if you are interested to submit your own application for Import, Export, Trans-shipment and other Permits through the TradeNet System, you will have to be registered with CrimsonLogic Pte Ltd. Traders may also be required to register with and apply for licences from specifi c Government Agencies should you trade in the following items:- • Animals • Chemicals / Scheduled Chemicals • Arms and Explosives • Commodities such as • Meat and Meat Products • Rice • Ornamental Fish • Rubber • Pharmaceuticals, Medicaments and Medical Supplies • Endangered Animal/Plant Species and its Products • Cosmetics and Skin Products • Food and its Products • Plants and Related Items • Food Products and Artifi cial Sweeteners • Radio-Active Materials and Irradiating Apparatus • Dried Fruits and Vegetables • Recorded Audio and Other Printed Materials • Fresh Fruits and Vegetables • Recorded Video and Cinematographic Materials • Food Fish • Telecommunications Equipment • Fruit and Jackpot Machines • 22 controlled substances by Central Narcotics Bureau

50 8. Tax Regulations

8.1 The Tax System Taxes are used to develop Singapore into a stronger community, a better environment and a more vibrant economy, a place that Singaporeans can be proud to call home. They help in the development of the country as a whole.

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Taxes help in the funding of government expenditure.

The Social Development Sector takes up the largest share (44.5%) of total expenditure. The second largest sector is Security and External Relations, taking up 37.5%, followed by Economic Development Sector at 12.4% of total expenditure. Government Administration takes up the remaining 5.6%.

Fiscal Policy of Singapore In Singapore, the long-term objectives of government budgetary policy are: • to promote and support sustained, non-infl ationary economic growth; • to keep the public sector lean and trim in order to leave more manpower and fi nancial resources for the private sector; • to maintain a balanced budget i.e. to fi nance total operating and development expenditures from operating revenue; and • to focus government expenditure in areas which yield lasting returns, e.g. education, healthcare, infrastructure, housing and programmes to protect the environment.

Underlying the above objectives is the recognition of market forces in driving the economy, fi nancial prudence and emphasis on human & infrastructural investment.

Singapore Taxation Policy Tax policy is an integral part of fi scal policy. The major objectives of tax policy in Singapore are: • Raising the Revenue

This is traditionally the main aim of tax policy. Tax revenue is a major source of funding for government operations. • Achieving Economic and Social Goals

Tax has been used for fulfi lling social and economic goals. For instance, to encourage mechanisation and automation for betterment of public transportation systems, the government allows accelerated capital allowance for most assets used for business purposes.

51 The fundamental idea behind Singapore’s tax policy is to keep tax rates low, both for corporations as well as individuals. Good infl ow of foreign investment is possible by keeping a low tax rate for corporations. Low individual tax rates will encourage people to put in more hard work. It will also make risk-taking worthwhile and encourage entrepreneur- ship.

Another fundamental concept of the tax policy is to keep the tax base broad. The aim is to inculcate an awareness among citizens about the social responsibility of paying taxes. For these reasons, personal relief for individuals is deliberately kept low. This means that potential taxpayers would join the tax system earlier to make them more responsible.

Operating Revenue for Government The government has three major sources for the government operating revenue • tax revenue • fees and charges • other receipts

The most signifi cant of these is tax revenue arising from the various taxes imposed by government (accounted for about 76% of the government operating revenue for the fi nancial year 2001). The second source is fees and charges. These arise from provision of services, sale of goods, issuance of permits and licences, fi nes and forfeitures. The third source, other receipts, is derived mainly from interest income from loans advanced to public employees.

Various tax imposed in Singapore • Income Tax This is the tax chargeable on income of individuals and companies and the net profi ts of companies.

• Property Tax This is the tax, which is imposed on owners of properties based on the expected rental values of the properties.

• Motor Vehicle Tax These are taxes imposed to limit car ownership and thereby reduce road congestion. These exclude the motor import duties.

• Customs & Excise Duty Singapore is a free port and has relatively few excise and import duties. Excise duties are imposed principally on tobacco, petroleum products and liquors. Also, very few products are subjected to import duties. The duties are mainly on motor vehicles, tobacco, liquor and petroleum products.

• Goods & Services Tax GST is a tax on consumption of goods and services. The tax is paid when money is spent on goods or services, including imports.

• Estate Duty This is levied on the value of a deceased’s net assets in excess of a threshold amount.

• Betting Tax These are applied on private lottery, betting & sweepstake.

• Stamp Duty This is imposed on commercial and legal documents relating to stock & shares and immovable property.

• Others The two main taxes are the foreign worker levy and the airport passenger service charge. The foreign worker levy is imposed to regulate the employment of foreign workers in Singapore.

IRAS (Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore) is responsible for collecting income tax, property tax, goods & services tax, estate duty, betting taxes and stamp duties.

52 8.2 Types of Taxes Income Tax for a Sole Proprietorship If your business is a sole-proprietorship, you should report your business income in your individual income tax return.

Income Tax for a Partnership If your business is a partnership, each partner will have to report their share of the partnership income in their individual income tax returns. In addition, the leading partner has an additional responsibility to report the income of the partnership and the profi t or loss allocation for each of the partners in the partnership income tax return.

Accounts preparation for a new business The accounting period for most new businesses is the calendar year and it cannot be more than 12 months. If the accounting period of your business ends on a date before 31st December, you have to give an estimate of your business income within 3 months after the end of the accounting period. If the accounting period of your accounts ends on 31st December, you can furnish the 4-line statement and / or certifi ed statements of accounts when you send in your return by 15th April of the following year.

8.2.1 Income Tax for Companies What is Taxable.? Tax has to be paid by any company on income derived from Singapore or received from outside Singapore. A company is defi ned as any company incorporated or registered under any law in force in Singapore or elsewhere.

Tax Rate for Companies With effect from the Year of Assessment 2005, companies will be taxed at a fl at rate of 20 percent on their chargeable income.

A full tax exemption can be granted on up to $100,000 of the normal chargeable income (excluding Singapore franked dividends) of a qualifying company, for any of its fi rst three consecutive Year of Assessments (YA) that falls within YA 2005 to YA 2009.

Corporate Tax Rates over the years

Year of Assessment Tax rate 1986 and before 40% 1987 to 1989 33% 1990 32% 1991 and 1992 31% 1993 30% 1994 to 1996 27% 1997 to 1998 26% 1999 26% * 2000 26% 2001 25.5% * * Tax rebate is given. 2002 24.5% * # # Partial tax exemption is given. The corporate tax rate will be cut from 22% to 20% with effect from Year of 2003 22% # Assessment (YA) 2005.

53 Resident / Non-resident company and tax A corporation is resident or non-resident depends on whether central management and control is exercised inside or outside Singapore respectively. Central management and control is deemed to be exercised outside Singapore where a majority of directors reside outside the jurisdiction. Thus a non-resident corporation is one in which a majority of directors reside outside the country.

There are two major tax benefi ts enjoyed by a resident company which are not available to a non-resident company and they are: A resident company can declare Singapore dividend under Section 44 of the Singapore Income Tax Act. Non-resident companies cannot benefi t from the provisions of double taxation treaties signed by the Government.

Tax Filing requirements for a company Every company (resident / non-resident) is required to fi le its tax return by 31 July as published in the Government Gazette. A complete return comprises the following: • Form C; • Audited accounts and supporting schedules; • Additional Information on Income & Deductions in Parts IV to XIV of Form C; • Details of Directors’ Fees; • Exempt Dividend Account, where applicable; • Schedule of Singapore Dividends / Interest Received and Tax Deducted, where applicable. • The guidelines for completion of Form C and Appendices are laid out in the ‘Explanatory Notes’ which are sent to companies as part of the Form C package.

Estimated chargeable income A business is required to produce an estimate of its chargeable income within three months after the end of its accounting period. If the estimated chargeable income is not furnished within the stipulated period, a Notice of Assessment based on an estimated chargeable income may be issued.

A company’s estimated chargeable income can be furnished either by the company or its tax agent. An ECI form is sent to each company one month before its accounting year end. Companies need not complete and return the Form if their tax agent are fi ling the estimated chargeable income on their behalf.

Withholding Tax Requirements Any person (including a company) who is liable to make payment of monies of the following nature to a non-resident person (including a company) is required to withhold tax and remit the amount to the Comptroller by the 15th of the month following the date of payment to the non-resident: • interest, commission, fee or any other payment in connection with any loan or indebtedness or with any arrange ment, management, guarantee, or service relating to any loan or indebtedness; • royalty or other payments for the use of or the right to use any movable property; • payment for the use of or the right to use scientifi c, technical, industrial or commercial knowledge or information or for the rendering of assistance or service in connection with the application or use of such knowledge or information; • rent or other payments for the use of any movable property; • payment of any remuneration to a non-resident director; • consideration for real property to a non-resident seller who is a property trader; • professional service fees.

The withholding tax rate for payments made to non-residents, depending on the nature of the payments is: • the prevailing corporate tax rate (PR) on the gross amount or • 15% on the gross amount or • a reduced tax rate as provided under a tax treaty.

The withholding tax on royalty payments will be reduced from 15 percent to 10 percent from Jan 1, 2005.

54 Record retention period A company is required to keep and retain in safe custody suffi cient records for a period of 7 years from the relevant Year of Assessment.

How to raise an Objection to Assessment Any assessment disputes must be raised as a notice of objection in writing within 30 days from the date stated on the Notice of Assessment, stating precisely the grounds of objection. If no valid objection in writing is received within the stipulated period, the assessment is fi nal.

Non tax deductable income • Voluntary CPF contributions are not tax deductible for both employers and employees. • CPF contributions for foreign workers are not deductible.

8.2.2 Property Tax What is taxable.? This is a tax on immovable properties. This is payable yearly in advance in the month of January.

The property tax payable per year is based on a percentage (tax rate) of the annual value of the property. The property tax rate is 4% for wholly owner-occupied residential properties and 10% for other properties. Owner occupied properties with annual value less than $10000 also have a part of tax payable remitted.

Payment of Property Tax A bill is sent to the taxpayer in January informing of the Property Tax payable for the year. The tax must be paid by 31st January. A 5% penalty would be imposed on the unpaid tax after the payment due date.

Property Tax Exemption There is an exemption applicable to development on land if it is an Approved Building Project supported by the Singapore Economic Development Board. Property tax exemption is granted for buildings used for public religious worship, as public schools, for charitable purposes or for purposes conducive to social development in Singapore.

8.2.3 Goods & Services Tax What is GST This is a tax on the sale of goods and services in Singapore by GST registered traders. GST is also chargeable on goods imported into Singapore. It is levied on practically all goods and services. Exemptions are given for the rental and sale of residential land and buildings in Singapore and certain fi nancial services.

Tax Rate The GST rate has been set at fi ve percent from 1 January 2004.

GST Registration A business is liable to register for GST if the annual taxable turnover exceeds or is expected to exceed S$1 million. The annual taxable turnover is the total value of all taxable supplies (excluding GST) made in Singapore in the course or furtherance of business.

However, it excludes the sale of capital assets, exempt and out-of-scope supplies. Taxable Supplies are supplies of goods and services made in Singapore other than exempt supplies.

De-Registration from GST A business may not be liable for registration, if the value of its taxable supplies in the next 12 months does not exceed S$1 million or if he has ceased to make taxable supplies. It is required to notify the Comptroller within 30 days after ceasing to make taxable supplies.

55 An application for cancellation of GST registration can be made when a business ceases operation or remains dormant for a period of time,.

Once the application for cancellation of GST registration is approved, the business has to submit a GST Final Return (GST F8) for the open market value of all the business assets if it exeeds S$10,000. Business assets also include stocks, non-residential properties owned by the person for which input tax has been allowed previously and goods imported under the person’s Major Exporter Scheme status.

8.2.4 Stamp Duty Stamp duty is a tax for commercial and legal documents recording and indirectly giving effect to certain transactions. It is payable even if the transaction has been cancelled. The documents linked to immovable property and stocks and shares as described in the First Schedule to the Stamp Duties Act are subject to a stamp duty. These include a sale or mortgage of immovable property and shares and a lease of immovable property.

Zero Rates Supplies Zero-rating is applicable on export of goods and international services. A supply of goods can be zero-rated if: • The Comptroller is satisfi ed that the supplier has exported the goods; or has shipped them for use as stores on voyage or fl ight to or from a destination outside Singapore; or as retail goods for sale to persons during a voyage or fl ight in a ship or aircraft. • It is a supply of international services. To qualify as international services, the services must satisfy the provisions of Section 21(3) of the GST Act.

8.2.5 Cess Tax This is a tax levied at one percent on all Cessable items sold by tourist hotels, tourist food establishments and tourist public houses. The Singapore Tourism Board (STB) collects the Cess tax. IRAS is the agent appointed by STB for the administration and collection of Cess.

Withholding tax Any person (includes a company) who is liable to make payment of monies of the following nature to a non-resident is required to pay withholding tax using IRAS and remit the amount to the Comptroller of Income Tax by the 15th of the month following the date of payment to a non-resident. • interest, commission or fee in connection with any loan or indebtedness; • royalty or payments for the use of or the right to use any movable property; • fee for use of or the right to use scientifi c, technical, industrial or commercial knowledge or information or for the rendering of assistance or service in connection with the application or use of such knowledge or information; • management fee; • rent or other payments under any arrangement or arrangement for use of any movable property; • payment of any remuneration to any non-resident director.

More information on Tax Regime for investors, please see http://www.sedb.com/edbcorp/sg/en_uk/index/investors/taxation.html and http://www.iras.gov.sg/main.asp

56 9. Legal System

Singapore’s legal system is based on the English common law. All Singapore citizens are equal before the law regardless of race, religion or creed.

Singapore’s law is founded on the Constitution, legislation, subsidiary legislation and judge-made law.

The Constitution lays down the fundamental principles and basic framework for the three organs of state, namely, the Executive, the Legislature and the Judiciary. It also enshrines the fundamental rights of the individual vis-à-vis the state.

The Executive includes the President and the Cabinet. The Cabinet comprises the Prime Minister and a group of Ministers and it is responsible for the general direction and control of the Government and accountable to Parliament.

The Legislature comprises the President and Parliament and is the legislative authority responsible for enacting legislation. The Presidential Council for Minority Rights plays an important role in scrutinising Bills that are tabled before Parliament to ensure that they do not contain racial or religious discriminations. The Judiciary’s function is to independently administer justice. The Judiciary is safeguarded by the Constitution. 9.1 The Judiciary and the System of Courts The Chief Justice is the head of the Judiciary which comprises the Supreme Court and the Subordinate Courts. The Senior District Judge has overall responsibility for the administration of the Subordinate Courts.

The Supreme Court consists of the Court of Appeal and the High Court. The Chief Justice and the other judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President, acting on the advice of the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister consults the Chief Justice before advising on the appointment of Judges. • Court of Appeal • High Court

The Subordinate Courts consist of the District Courts, Magistrates’ Courts, Juvenile Courts, Coroners’ Courts and Small Claims Tribunals. District Judges, Magistrates, Coroners and Referees of the Small Claims. The Senior District Judge has overall responsibility for the administration of the Subordinate Courts. • Criminal Court • Civil Court • Family Court (within the Subordinate Courts) • Juvenile Court (within the Subordinate Courts) • Coroner’s Court (within the Subordinate Courts) • Traffi c Court • Small Claims Tribunals

The Intellectual Property Offi ce of Singapore or IPOS is the leading government agency that formulates and administers intellectual property(IP) laws, promotes IP awareness and provides the infrastructure to facilitate the greater development of IP in Singapore. 9.2 Intellectual Property Rights Intellectual Property Offi ce’s (IPO) main functions • To provide a sound legal and administrative framework for the promotion and protection of intellectual property • To formulate and review intellectual property rights’ policies and legislation • To maintain and disseminate intellectual property information and documents • To represent the Singapore Government internationally on intellectual property matters • To train and nurture intellectual property agents • To collaborate with other organisations and IP offi ces on IP programmes • To promote awareness, respect and the effective use of intellectual property rights.

57 The various forms of IP protected in Singapore are patents, trade marks, registered designs, copyright, layout- designs of integrated circuits, geographical indications, trade secrets and confi dential information, as well as plant variety. • Patents: - To obtain a patent in Singapore, one must submit a patent application to the Registry of Patents. The patent application should contain particulars including a full written explanation or disclosure of the invention and the mechanics by which the invention works. A patentable invention can be a product or a process that gives a new technical solution to a problem. It can be a new method of doing things, the composition of a new product, or a technical improvement on how certain objects work.

• Trade Mark: - A registered trade mark has to be capable of being represented graphically. This sign can be any letter, word, name, signature, numeral, device, brand, heading, label, ticket, shape, colour, and aspect of packaging or a combination of these.

• Registered Designs: - are used primarily to protect designs for industrial use. It is the right given by the Government to the owner to control the use of his design.

• Plant Varieties Protection: - The Grant of Protection for a Plant Variety is a right given by the Government to the breeder to prevent others from doing any of the following acts (Scope of Grant of Protection) in respect of the propagating material and/or harvested material of the protected plant variety without the breeder’s authorisation:

• production or reproduction;

• conditioning for the purpose of propagation;

• offering for sale;

• selling or other forms of marketing;

• exporting;

• importing;

• stocking for any of the purposes mentioned in 1 to 6 above

• Protection of Copyrights: - Copyright protects original works that are produced in a tangible form such as in a recording or in writing. Originality simply means that there is a degree of independent effort in the creation of the work. It is not a question of whether the work has creative value or not.

For more information on Intellectual Property Rights please see http://www.ipos.gov.sg

58 10. Labour and Wage Policies

10.1 Central Provident Fund The CPF was set up in 1955 to provide fi nancial security for workers in their retirement or when they are no longer able to work. Today, this scheme has evolved into a comprehensive social security savings system that provides its members with fi nancial security in old age. Over and above that, CPF savings help to meet the needs of families in healthcare, home-ownership, family protection and asset enhancement.

The CPF is jointly supported by the employees, employers and the Government. There are currently more than 82,000 employers paying CPF for 1.3 million workers. 10.2 Industrial Relations Act The Industrial Relations Act provides information on the regulation of the employer/employee relations and the prevention and settlement of trade disputes by the process of collective bargaining and negotiation. The Act covers the Industrial Arbitration Court, collective bargaining, arbitration, awards, the procedure and powers of courts and boards of enquiry.

Industrial matters refer to matters pertaining to the relations of employers and employees, which are connected with: • the employment or non-employment of any person. • employment terms. • the transfer of employment. • the conditions of work of any person.

Matters considered as management functions are: • promotions • transfers • appointments for the fi lling of vacancies.

Termination by reason of redundancy or reorganization, dismissal or reinstatement of an employee in which section 35(2) of the Industrial Relations Act applies, and assignment or allocation of duties or specifi c tasks that are consistent or compatible with employee’s terms of employment are also non-bargainable.

Conciliation It is a process of rational and orderly discussion of differences between the union and management to an industrial dispute under the guidance of a third party (the conciliator, who is neutral) so that a mutually acceptable settlement of the dispute can be achieved.

Arbitration It is a procedure whereby a third party, an individual arbitrator, a board of arbitrators or an arbitration court, disposes the dispute. If conciliation is unable to resolve the dispute, the trade union and employer may jointly refer the dispute to the Industrial Arbitration Court (IAC). The trade union or employer may also make an ex-parte application on certain issues to the IAC. The Minister or President of Singapore may direct the dispute for arbitration. 10.3 Trade Unions Laws The Registry of Trade Unions through the administration of the following legislation regulates trade union activities: • Trade Unions Act and its Regulations provide for the registration of trade unions and the regulation of their activities, including prudent management of union funds and the free and fair election of union offi cers. • Trade Disputes Act lays down the rules by which industrial action (e.g. strikes and lockouts) may be taken. • Part III of the Criminal Law (Temporary Provisions) Act lays down the rules by which an industrial action may be taken by workmen engaged in essential services.

For more information, please refer to Website: http://www.gov.sg/mom

59 11. Financial Sector

Singapore’s development as an international fi nancial centre began in the late 1960s. Its development as a fi nancial centre is preferred because of many reasons. Its stable political, economical and fi nancial fundamentals, conducive regulatory and business environment, strategic location, skilled and educated workforce, excellent telecommunications and infrastructure, high living standards and its traditional role as the regional entrepot for trade and commerce have attracted many reputable international fi nancial institutions to set up operations in Singapore. Today, fi nancial services account for 11.6% of Singapore’s GDP.

There are about 500 large and diversifi ed groups of local and foreign fi nancial institutions located in Singapore which offers a wide range of fi nancial products and services. These include trade fi nancing, foreign exchange, derivatives products, capital market activities, loan syndication, underwriting, mergers and acquisitions, asset management, securities trading, fi nancial advisory services and specialised insurance services. The presence of these leading institutions has contributed to the refi nement and vibrancy of Singapore’s fi nancial industry. In 2004, the World Economic Forum Global Competitiveness Report ranked Singapore among the top ten most sophisticated fi nancial markets in the world.

Singapore’s strong economic performance refl ects the success of its open and outward-oriented development strategy. Over the years, the composition of Singapore’s exports has evolved from labour-intensive to higher capital and skill-intensive products, such as electronics and chemicals. The importance of services to the Singapore economy also grew, as evidenced by the increasing share of the fi nancial and business sectors of the economy.

Of equal importance to Singapore’s economic achievement is a set of sound macroeconomic policies aimed at maintaining a conducive environment for long-term investment in the economy. Fiscal policy is directed primarily at promoting long-term economic growth rather than cyclical changes or distributing income. As a result of its healthy fi scal position and consistent budget surpluses over the years, Singapore has attained a high level of foreign reserves and the strongest sovereign credit rating for long-term foreign-currency debt in Asia.

11.1 Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) The Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) is the central bank of Singapore. It formulates and executes Singapore’s monetary policy. As banker and fi nancial agent to the government, MAS manages the country’s offi cial foreign reserves and issues government securities. As supervisor and regulator of Singapore’s fi nancial services sector, MAS has prudential oversight over the banking, securities, futures, and insurance industries. It is also responsible for the development and promotion of Singapore as an international fi nancial center.

A key priority of MAS is to ensure that Singapore’s economic and fi nancial fundamentals remain sound. MAS oper- ates a fl exible exchange rate policy. It manages the Singapore dollar against a trade-weighted basket of currencies of Singapore’s main trading partners, and not against any single currency. The primary goal is to maintain price stability to foster long-term sustainable economic growth. As supervisor of the fi nancial sector, MAS ensures that fi nancial institutions maintain high standards of fi nancial management and prudence. This is to maintain the resilience of the fi nancial sector in the face of the challenging external environment.

Unencumbered by fi scal concerns, the MAS are able to concentrate on its primary goal of ensuring price stability and maintaining confi dence in the domestic currency. Since 1981, monetary policy in Singapore centred on the exchange rate. This refl ects the fact that in the small and open Singapore economy, the exchange rate is the more effective tool in maintaining price stability.

60 Singapore’s longer-term economic strategies and policies are constantly re-evaluated to adapt to changing challenges and priorities over time. Currently, there are focused measures in place to develop Singapore as a world-class fi nancial centre. For example, the MAS has liberalised the domestic banking and insurance industries to greater foreign participation. At the same time, the MAS has also adopted a more open and consultative approach in its supervision and development of the fi nancial sector and has also shifted the emphasis from regulation to risk-focused supervision. Various initiatives have also been implemented to give fund managers greater access to domestic funds, develop the debt market and overhaul corporate governance. These initiatives together with Singapore’s political and macroeconomic stability, excellent telecommunications and infrastructure, strategic geographical location and a skilled and educated workforce have contributed to Singapore’s rapid development into a dynamic business and fi nancial hub in Asia.

Objectives of MAS • To conduct monetary policy and issue currency, and to manage the offi cial foreign reserves and the issuance of government securities; • To supervise the banking, insurance, securities and futures industries, and develop strategies in partnership with the private sector to promote Singapore as an international fi nancial centre; and • To build a cohesive and integrated organisation of excellence.

11.2 Banking and Bank Liberalisation On 18 July 2001, the Banking (Amendment) Act 2001 brought into force several new policies and measures introduced by the MAS in its ongoing review of the regulatory and legislative framework for the banking industry. Commercial banks in Singapore are licensed under and governed by this Banking Act. They may undertake universal banking. Besides commercial banking, which includes deposit taking, the provision of cheque services and lending, the banks may also carry on any other business which is regulated or authorised by MAS, including fi nancial advisory services, insurance broking and capital market services. (Section 30 of the Banking Act defi nes the permissible activities). Commercial banks and their representatives do not have to be separately licensed to carry out such activities, but must comply with the business conduct requirements prescribed in the Financial Advisers Act (FAA), Insurance Act (IA) and Securities and Futures Act (SFA) accordingly.

There are presently 113 commercial banks in Singapore. Five of these are locally incorporated and are owned by three local banking groups.

In July 2001, the Banking Act was amended to prohibit banks from engaging in non-fi nancial activities. Banks were given three years, until July 2004, to complete divesture of their non-fi nancial businesses. In August 2003, the grace period was extended by two years to July 2006 , for banks which have applied to the MAS for extension.

61 Full Banks Full banks may provide the whole range of banking business approved under the Banking Act.

There are currently 28 full banks in Singapore. Five of these are locally- incorporated entities under the 3 local banking groups, while the remaining 23 are branches of foreign-incorporated banks. Six of these 23 foreign bank branches have been awarded Qualifying Full Bank (QFB) privileges.

Foreign full banks with QFB privileges may operate a total of 15 locations for sub-branches and/or off-premise automated teller machines (ATMs), of which a maximum of 10 can be sub-branches. These banks may share ATMs among themselves and relocate their sub-branches freely. Since 1 July 2002, QFBs have been allowed to provide debit services through an EFTPOS network, offer Supplementary Retirement Scheme and CPF Investment Scheme accounts and accept fi xed deposits under the CPF Investment Scheme and Minimum Sum Scheme.

List of Full Banks

Local Banks • BANK OF SINGAPORE LTD • DBS BANK LTD • FAR EASTERN BANK LTD • OVERSEA-CHINESE BANKING CORPN LTD • UNITED OVERSEAS BANK LTD

Foreign Full Banks • ABN AMRO BANK NV • HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI • AMERICAN EXPRESS BANK LTD BANKING CORPORATION LIMITED, THE • BANGKOK BANK PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED • INDIAN BANK • BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION • INDIAN OVERSEAS BANK • BANK OF CHINA LIMITED • JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. • BANK OF EAST ASIA LTD, THE • MALAYAN BANKING BHD • BANK OF INDIA • PT BANK NEGARA INDONESIA (PERSERO) TBK • BANK OF TOKYO-MITSUBISHI, LTD, THE • RHB BANK BERHAD • BNP PARIBAS • SOUTHERN BANK BERHAD • CALYON • STANDARD CHARTERED BANK • CITIBANK NA • SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION • HL BANK • UCO BANK

62 Wholesale Banks Wholesale banks may engage in the same range of banking business as full banks, except that they do not carry out Singapore Dollar retail banking activities. They operate within the Guidelines for Operations of Wholesale Banks issued by MAS.

There are 37 wholesale banks in Singapore, all of which are branches of foreign banks.

List of Wholesale Banks • AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND BANKING GROUP LIMITED • KBC BANK N.V. • BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA, THE • KOREA EXCHANGE BANK • BARCLAYS BANK PLC • LANDESBANK BADEN-WURTTEMBERG • BAYERISCHE HYPO- UND • MIZUHO CORPORATE BANK, LTD VEREINSBANK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT • MOSCOW NARODNY BANK LTD • BAYERISCHE LANDESBANK • NATIONAL AUSTRALIA BANK LTD • BNP PARIBAS PRIVATE BANK • NATIONAL BANK OF KUWAIT SAK • CHIAO TUNG BANK CO LTD • NORDDEUTSCHE LANDESBANK • COMMERZBANK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT GIROZENTRALE • CREDIT SUISSE • NORTHERN TRUST COMPANY, THE • CREDIT SUISSE FIRST BOSTON • RABOBANK • DEUTSCHE BANK AG • ROYAL BANK OF SCOTLAND PLC, THE • DRESDNER BANK AG • SANPAOLO IMI S.P.A. • FIRST COMMERCIAL BANK • SOCIETE GENERALE • FORTIS BANK S.A./N.V. • STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY • HABIB BANK LTD • UBS AG • HSBC PRIVATE BANK (SUISSE) SA • UFJ BANK LIMITED • INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL BANK OF CHINA • UNICREDITO ITALIANO S.P.A. • ING BANK N.V. • WESTLB AG

Offshore Banks Offshore banks can engage in the same activities as full and wholesale banks for businesses transacted through their Asian Currency Units (ACUs). The ACU is an accounting unit which the banks use to book all their foreign currency transactions conducted in the Asian Dollar Market (ADM). The banks’ Singapore dollar transactions are separately booked in the Domestic Banking Unit (DBU). For further information on these two accounting units of banks in Singapore, please refer to Asian Currency and Domestic Banking Units.

The scope of business transacted in offshore banks’ DBU has slightly more restrictions on dealings with residents as compared with wholesale banks. Offshore banks operate within the Guidelines for Offshore Banks issued by MAS.

Under the banking liberalisation programme, offshore banks were given greater flexibility in Singapore dollar wholesale business. Offshore banks had their Singapore dollar lending limit raised to S$500 million. They are now allowed to engage in Singapore dollar swaps in respect of proceeds arising from the issue of Singapore dollar bonds managed or arranged by them.

63 There are 48 offshore banks in Singapore, all of which are branches of foreign banks.

List of Offshore Banks • ABSA BANK LIMITED • ICICI BANK LIMITED • AGRICULTURAL BANK OF CHINA • INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL BANK OF CHINA,THE • ARAB BANK PLC • KOREA DEVELOPMENT BANK, THE • BANCA DI ROMA S.P.A. • KRUNG THAI BANK PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED • BANCA MONTE DEI PASCHI DI SIENA S.P.A • LAND BANK OF TAIWAN • BANK OF COMMUNICATIONS • LLOYDS TSB BANK PLC • BANK OF NEW YORK, THE • MITSUBISHI TRUST & BANKING CORPORATION, THE • BANK OF NEW ZEALAND • NATEXIS BANQUES POPULAIRES • BANK OF TAIWAN • NORDEA BANK FINLAND PLC • BUMIPUTRA-COMMERCE BANK BERHAD • NORINCHUKIN BANK, THE • CANADIAN IMPERIAL BANK OF COMMERCE • PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK • CHANG HWA COMMERCIAL BANK LTD • PT BANK MANDIRI (PERSERO) TBK • CHINA CONSTRUCTION BANK CORPORATION • RAIFFEISEN ZENTRALBANK • CHOHUNG BANK OESTERREICH AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT • COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA • ROYAL BANK OF CANADA • CREDIT INDUSTRIEL ET COMMERCIAL • SIAM COMMERCIAL BANK • CREDIT LYONNAIS (SUISSE) SA PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED, THE • DEXIA BANQUE INTERNATIONALE A • SKANDINAVISKA ENSKILDA BANKEN AB (PUBL) LUXEMBOURG SA • STATE BANK OF INDIA • DNB NOR BANK ASA • SUMITOMO TRUST & BANKING CO LTD, THE • DZ BANK AG DEUTSCHE ZENTRAL • SVENSKA HANDELSBANKEN AB GENOSSENSCHAFTSBANK, FRANKFURT AM MAIN • TORONTO-DOMINION BANK, THE • HANA BANK • UNION DE BANQUES ARABES ET FRANCAISES • HANG SENG BANK LIMITED • WESTPAC BANKING CORPORATION • HSH NORDBANK AG • WOORI BANK • HUA NAN COMMERCIAL BANK LTD

Merchant Banks Besides the three categories of commercial banks, fi nancial institutions may also operate as merchant banks. Merchant banks are approved under the Monetary Authority of Singapore Act and their operations are governed by the Merchant Bank Directives. Their ACU operations are also subjected to the Banking Act.

The typical activities of merchant banks include corporate fi nance, underwriting of share and bond issues, mergers and acquisitions, portfolio investment management, management consultancy and other fee-based activities. Most merchant banks have, with MAS’ approval, established ACUs , through which they compete with commercial banks in the Asian Dollar Market. In their DBU, merchant banks may not accept sight or savings deposits or borrow from the public. However they may accept deposits or borrow from banks, finance companies, shareholders and companies controlled by their shareholders.

64 There are presently 52 merchant banks in Singapore.

List of Merchant Banks • ABN AMRO ASIA MERCHANT BANK (SINGAPORE) LIMITED • DVB GROUP MERCHANT BANK (ASIA) LTD • ANZ SINGAPORE LTD • EFG PRIVATE BANK S.A. SINGAPORE BRANCH • ASEAN FINANCE CORPORATION LTD • HSBC BANK USA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION • ASIAN-AMERICAN MERCHANT BANK LTD • HVB SINGAPORE LIMITED • ASIAN FINANCE AND INVESTMENT CORPORATION LIMITED • ING ASIA PRIVATE BANK LTD • BANK OF AMERICA SINGAPORE LIMITED • KBC BANK (SINGAPORE) LIMITED • BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA ASIA LTD, THE • LGT BANK IN LIECHTENSTEIN (SINGAPORE) LTD • BANK PICTET & CIE (ASIA) LTD. • LLOYDS TSB MERCHANT BANK LIMITED • BANK SARASIN-RABO (ASIA) LIMITED • MEESPIERSON ASIA LTD • BARCLAYS MERCHANT BANK (SINGAPORE) LIMITED • MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL BANK LTD • BDL BANCO DI LUGANO (SINGAPORE) LTD. (MERCHANT BANK) • BNP PARIBAS PEREGRINE (SINGAPORE) LTD • MITSUBISHI SECURITIES (SINGAPORE), LTD. • CALYON MERCHANT BANK ASIA LTD • N M ROTHSCHILD AND SONS (SINGAPORE) LTD • CBA ASIA LIMITED • NATIONAL AUSTRALIA MERCHANT BANK • CIBC ASIA LTD (SINGAPORE) LTD • CITICORP INVESTMENT BANK (SINGAPORE) LTD • NIB CAPITAL BANK LTD • CLSA MERCHANT BANKERS LIMITED • NIKKO MERCHANT BANK (SINGAPORE) LTD, THE • COMMERZBANK (SOUTH EAST ASIA) LTD • NOMURA SINGAPORE LTD • COUTTS BANK VON ERNST LTD • ROYAL BANK OF CANADA (ASIA) LTD • CREDIT SUISSE FIRST BOSTON (SINGAPORE) LIMITED • SAKURA MERCHANT BANK (SINGAPORE) LTD • DAIWA SECURITIES SMBC SINGAPORE LIMITED • SKANDINAVISKA ENSKILDA BANKEN • DB INTERNATIONAL (ASIA) LIMITED • (SOUTH EAST ASIA) LIMITED • DEXIA BIL ASIA SINGAPORE LIMITED • STANDARD MERCHANT BANK (ASIA) LIMITED • DNB NOR ASIA LTD • TORONTO DOMINION (SOUTH EAST ASIA) LTD • DRESDNER KLEINWORT WASSERSTEIN • UOB ASIA LIMITED (SOUTH EAST ASIA) LIMITED • WESTLB ASIA PACIFIC LIMITED • WESTPAC SINGAPORE LTD

Finance Companies Finance companies focus on providing small-scale fi nancing, including instalment credit for motor vehicles and consumer durables, and mortgage loans for housing. Finance companies are licensed under and governed by the Finance Companies Act. Finance companies may not offer deposit accounts, which are repayable on demand by cheque, draft or order. They are also not allowed to grant unsecured credit facilities exceeding S$5,000 to any person or deal in any foreign currency, gold or other precious metals or acquire foreign currency denominated stocks, shares or debt securities. Finance companies with capital funds of more than S$100 million may, however, apply for exemption to deal in foreign currencies or precious metals and foreign currency denominated stocks, shares or debt securities. The exemption is conditional on the aggregate amount of foreign currency exposure not exceeding 10 per cent of the fi nance company’s capital funds at any time.

There are 3 fi nance companies in Singapore.

• HONG LEONG FINANCE LIMITED • SING INVESTMENTS & FINANCE LIMITED • SINGAPURA FINANCE LTD 65 Banking liberalisation in Singapore In May 1999, MAS announced a fi ve-year programme to liberalise the domestic banking sector. The programme aims to strengthen Singapore’s banking system and the local banks, and to enhance Singapore’s position as an international fi nancial centre.

Qualifying Full Bank (QFB) and Qualifying Offshore Bank (QOB) privileges as well as wholesale bank licences were awarded to foreign banks that have successfully applied for these privileges or licences.

During the fi rst phase of this programme, 4 QFBs, 8 QOBs and 8 wholesale bank licences were awarded in October 1999.

In June 2001, MAS announced the second phase to free up entry to the wholesale market and further enhance competition in retail banking. MAS expanded the privileges of QFBs and invited applications for two additional QFBs. MAS targeted to award twenty wholesale bank licences over the following two years and to upgrade existing QOBs and offshore banks to wholesale bank status over time.

In Dec 2001, MAS awarded 2 QFBs and 16 wholesale bank licences. Of the 16 wholesale bank licences, 8 were converted from QOBs. Application for the remaining wholesale bank licences was opened in Dec 2002 and 8 more wholesale bank licences were awarded in May 2003. For more information, please see www.mas.gov.sg

11.3 Insurance Singapore has evolved into a premier insurance center in Asia. In December 2001, the insurance market consisted of 40 general insurers, 8 life insurers, 6 composite insurers, 34 general reinsurers, 1 life reinsurer, and 8 composite reinsurers. Singapore is also the largest captive domicile in Asia and has 49 registered captives.

The Singapore general insurance market is relatively small and is considered over-serviced by the 46 non-life companies in the sector. The large number of general insurers is underpinned by the role of Singapore as a major regional service center and its status as an important shipping hub. The high level of competition among general insurers has led to thin margins. This, however, is expected to change with premium rates hardening especially in the wake of the events of September 11, 2001. The hardening premium rate environment also provides the opportunity for prudent non-life companies to address recent pricing inadequacy and to some extent stabilize the overall weak underwriting of the general insurance sector.

There are 14 providers in the Singapore life insurance market, 6 of which also offer general insurance products. Although the total number of life insurers is not excessive, market share composition is highly concentrated. The top four life insurers write 75 percent of total premium income and the 10 smaller companies write the rest. Although the overall Singapore market is considered small and well-developed, its relatively moderate growth prospects could limit the number of companies interested in entering the market. There are many opportunities for global fi nancial institutions and investors interested in the Singapore insurance industry. • The Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) has opened entry to the direct insurance industry in Singapore. • The 49 percent foreign shareholding limit in locally owned direct insurers has been lifted. • MAS adopts an open admission policy for new insurance brokers. • Legislative amendments have been made to allow multiline insurers and reinsurers to engage in fi nancial guarantee insurance businesses and to allow fi nancial guarantee insurers to establish branch operations to carry out fi nancial guarantee insurance business in Singapore. • Investment limits on Singapore general insurance and non-investment-linked life insurance funds have been liberalized. • MAS has reduced the paid-up capital requirement for captive insurers to SGD400,000. • MAS has given captive insurers blanket approval to write certain non in-house risks. • As mentioned in the discussion of the Taxation System, attractive tax incentives exist for captive insurance, reinsurance and offshore marine hull insurance activities.

66 11.4 Electronic Financial Services Introduction Financial liberalisation and technological developments are rapidly changing the global fi nancial landscape. To become a world-class fi nancial centre, Singapore should build on her strengths and exploit opportunities that arise from these developments. At the national level, MAS works in close consultation with other government agencies on initiatives to encourage the use of technology to innovate and achieve cost effi ciencies . At the industry level, fi nancial institutions in Singapore have embraced the Internet to introduce new products and services. Some of the recent developments are highlighted in the following section.

E-Commerce and E-Finance The advent of the internet has resulted in the proliferation of new online services including online distribution of banking, securities and insurance products. Many banks in Singapore have introduced Business-to-Business (B2B) and Business-to-Consumers (B2C) initiatives. They have used the internet to provide B2C fi nancial services such as balance enquiry, funds transfer, share applications, bill presentment and payments, and fi nancial planning advisory. Other B2B internet-related services introduced are cash management, trade fi nance and e-procurement. Innovative business models such as the online reverse auction of home loans have also been piloted in Singapore.

In the stock market, the Singapore Exchange (SGX) currently operates a central scripless electronic trading system where orders entered by brokers and remisiers are automatically routed to the exchange for trade matching. SGX has also developed the Virtual Terminal Interface (VTI) to allow brokers to offer online trading facilities via the Internet. Looking ahead, the online trading scene in Singapore is expected to take-off following the full liberalisation of brokerage commissions on 1 October 2000. Other new value-added features include the offering of risk analytical tools, trade execution in foreign bourses and the placement of trades via the phone.

B2B and B2C e-payments are integral to the development of e-commerce. For instance, the nation-wide stored value card, NETS Cashcard, can be used for small-value Internet payments. Credit card payments via the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) or Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) technology on the Internet are now made available to the consumer. In B2B e-commerce, e-payments together with clearing, procurement and cash management services are but some new features offered by Singapore banks in collaboration with B2B exchanges.

67 12. Stock / Capital Markets

12.1 Singapore Stock Exchange (SGX) Singapore Exchange (SGX) is Asia-Pacifi c’s fi rst demutualised and integrated securities and derivatives exchange. SGX was inaugurated on 1 December 1999, following the merger of two established and well-respected fi nancial institutions - the Stock Exchange of Singapore (SES) and the Singapore International Monetary Exchange (SIMEX). On 23 November 2000, SGX became the fi rst exchange in Asia-Pacifi c to be listed via a public offer and a private placement. The Singapore Exchange (SGX) - offers exciting new opportunities for market participants:

• Stock broking commissions have been fully negotiable since 1 October 2000. • SGX has been admitting new members since July 2000. The phased open access would be completed by January 2002. • From July 2000, members may also apply for dual membership of both SGX Securities Trading (SGX-ST) and SGX Derivatives Trading (SGX-DT). • The securities settlement cycle was reduced from T+5 to T+3 in March 2000. SGX has also embarked on a project to implement Straight Through Processing (STP). • Capital requirements for dealers have been lowered. • The Companies Act has been amended to allow share buy-backs. • Conditions for foreign companies to list in SGD$ on the SGX have been relaxed. • SGX Securities Trading (SGX-ST) has entered into a joint venture with the American Stock Exchange to offer a series of Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) in Singapore. On 4 May 2001, fi ve ETFs were launched on SGX Xtranet - a new board established for the listing of structured products. • SGX Derivatives Trading (SGX-DT) has launched a Singapore Government Bond futures contract, which will present Singapore Government Securities (SGS) Bond traders with the opportunity to hedge their underlying bond positions • Enhanced tax incentives have been introduced to encourage the growth of the equity and derivatives market. They in clude extending the tax holiday for SGX-DT to year 2003 and extending the tax incentive for venture capital funds.

12.2 Government Securities Singapore Government Securities (SGS) were initially issued to meet banks’ needs for a risk-free asset in their liquid asset portfolios. In 1998, MAS spearheaded efforts to enhance the effi ciency and liquidity of the SGS market as part of its strategy to develop Singapore as an international debt hub. Since then, the SGS market has grown signifi cantly, making it one of the fastest developing bond markets in Asia.

As the fi scal agent of the Singapore Government, MAS is empowered by the Development Loan Act and the Government Securities Act (http://www.sgs.gov.sg/publications/publ_legislationact.html) to undertake the issue and management of securities on behalf of the Government.

Unlike many other countries, the Singapore Government does not need to fi nance its expenditures through the issuance of government bonds as it operates a balanced budget policy and often enjoys budget surpluses.

For information on capital/stock exchange, banking and fi nance matters, visit http://www.sgs.gov.sg/publications/publ_ legislationact.html and for a look at the details of Singapore Stock Exchange (SGX) go to http://www.sgx.com

68 13. Singapore’s Foreign Policy

The fundamental principles of Singapore’s foreign policy are: • As a small state, Singapore has no illusions about the state of our region or the world. • The need to maintain a credible and deterrent military defence to underpin our foreign policy. • Must promote and work for good relations with our neighbours in all spheres. • Are friends with all those who wish to be friends with us. • Will stand by our friends who have stood by us in times of need. • Support and are committment to ASEAN. • Work to maintain a secure and peaceful environment in and around Southeast Asia and in the Asia Pacifi c region. • Must work to maintain a free and open multilateral trading system. • Ready to trade with any state for mutual benefi ts and will maintain an open market economy. • Will support and be active in international organisations such as the UN.

13.1 Singapore Cooperation Programme The Singapore Cooperation Programme (SCP) is Singapore’s way of sharing with other developing countries the technical and systems skills that Singapore has learned and acquired over the years.

Singapore became independent in 1965 and we benefi ted from the help that developed nations had given by way of human resource development training through technical assistance.

SCP technical assistance is grounded in the philosophy that human resource development is best given on the understanding that “Give a man a fi sh and he will eat for a day. Teach a man to fi sh and he will eat for the rest of his life.”

Technical assistance focuses on training and increasing the skills of a nation. As a country whose only resource is its people, Singapore believes human resource development is vital for economic and social progress. Singapore had benefi ted from technical assistance from other countries and international organisations.

In turn, Singapore believes in sharing her development experiences with other developing countries. To do this, Singapore has been providing technical assistance to other developing countries since the 1960s. In 1992, Singapore organised all its technical assistance programmes under one umbrella to form the Singapore Cooperation Programme (SCP). To date, the SCP has reached out to more than 30,000 government offi cials from 156 developing countries in the Asia-Pacifi c, Africa, Middle East, Eastern Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean.

The Technical Cooperation Directorate of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Singapore administers programmes under the SCP.

13.2 Singapore and International Organisations Singapore and ASEAN One of the main principles of Singapore’s foreign policy is its commitment to maintaining a secure and peaceful environment around Southeast Asia. As a premier member of ASEAN, Singapore fully supports the regional organisation and is committed to its activities.

With its expansion to 10 members, ASEAN has made regional integration a key priority. At the 4th ASEAN Informal Summit in Singapore in 2000, Singapore conceived the Initiative for ASEAN Integration (IAI), which was aimed to narrow the developmental gap between older and newer members. The IAI is a fl exible framework that allows ASEAN countries, ASEAN Dialogue Partners, regional organisations, and other interested parties to contribute to narrowing the developmental gaps either bilaterally or in partnership with others. Under the IAI, Singapore has initiated fi ve programmes aimed at developing human resources capacity in ASEAN: Singapore Scholarships; ASEAN Students Exchange Programme; Education “Train-The-Trainers” programme; IT “Train-The Trainers” Programme; and the establishment of Training Centres in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam.

69 ASEAN also recognises that it is important to cope with the twin challenges of globalisation and the InfoCommTechnology revolution. In this regard, ASEAN agreed to forge ahead with the ASEAN Free Trade Area and the ASEAN Investment Area. ASEAN also resolved to identify gaps in its present levels of cooperation, particularly in sectors critical to ASEAN competitiveness in the New Economy. This is part of ASEAN’s attempt to close gaps and achieve better coordination in its economic cooperation through an initiative called the Roadmap for Integration of ASEAN (RIA) launched in November 2001. A competitiveness study is being undertaken to ascertain areas of complementarity and identify sectors for closer economic collaboration. To take ASEAN’s efforts towards economic competitiveness a step further, PM Goh had announced at the November 2002 Cambodian Summit the concept of an ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) where ASEAN could learn how the EU (then EEC) had worked towards economic integration in its early days. The AEC is not a radical concept but an end-point of ASEAN’s many economic integration initiatives in achieving ASEAN Vision 2020.

Singapore continues to advocate an outward looking ASEAN. In this context, the Cambodian Summit was signifi cant in ASEAN’s approach to enhance the organisation’s external linkages. Singapore played a role in delivering the inaugural ASEAN-India Summit in Cambodia. ASEAN signed a Framework Agreement with China to establish an FTA by 2010 (and 2015 for the four newer ASEAN members). ASEAN and Japan signed a Joint Declaration on a Comprehensive Economic Partnership that paves the way for Japan to take a dual approach (bilateral and regional) in pursuing FTAs with ASEAN. Singapore also played a role in delivering the inaugural ASEAN-India Summit in Cambodia. ASEAN will continue to remain alert to opportunities for Summits with other important Dialogue Partners in the near term.

Singapore and the UNITED NATIONS As a small nation-state, Singapore has benefi ted signifi cantly from UN membership. Small-states, like Singapore, now comprise more than half of the UN membership. We believe that small states can collectively and through closer cooperation, play a greater and more meaningful role in the United Nations. In a speech to the 51st General Assembly in 1996, Singapore Foreign Minister Professor S Jayakumar called upon the big powers to work with small states to achieve a “truly representative, effective and united United Nations.”

The UN Charter represents a major advance in the international relations of nation-states. Its principles of sovereign equality, the peaceful settlement of disputes and non-interference in the internal affairs of states are especially precious to small states. The principle of “one state, one vote” in the General Assembly has also helped to give small states a voice in international affairs. It ensures that the views, interests and concerns of small states are taken into consideration in world affairs. The UN has made the world a safer and better place for smaller states.

Singapore believes in the need to develop a strong, cohesive and effective UN that is responsible to the needs of its members. The UN needs to be constantly revitalised to meet the challenges of the 21st century. Singapore fi rmly supports and participates actively in the continuing process of UN Reform.

Singapore believes fi rmly that each UN member state should pay its dues in full, on time, and without conditions. Singapore is listed in the UN “Honour Roll” as one of the earliest contributors each year. Singapore’s then Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong underscored this commitment when he told the UN General Assembly in 1995 that: “Singapore will continue to be deeply committed to the UN. Small countries like Singapore need the UN, and must play a constructive role in supporting it. We take the UN seriously, and will actively help build consensus and facilitate agreement.”

70 Singapore and the WTO Prime Minister Goh attended the UN Millennium Summit in September 2000, which saw the participation of 149 Heads of State and Government. He chaired the fi rst of four interactive Roundtable sessions of world leaders to discuss the future of the UN. The Leaders addressed a wide range of issues - from managing the effects of globalisation to the evolving concept of peace and security. The centrality of the UN was emphasised in resolving these issues.

As a small trading nation, Singapore strongly supports an open, rules-based, multilateral trading system under the World Trade Organisation (WTO). Singapore has been a WTO member since 1 January 1995 and hosted the 1st WTO Ministerial Conference (MC) in December 1996. Trade, foreign, finance and agriculture Ministers from more than 120 WTO member governments participated in the Singapore MC. Since then, Ministerial Conferences have been held biennially (1998 in Geneva, 1999 in Seattle, 2001 in Doha). The 5th Ministerial Conference was held in Cancun, Mexico from 10 to 14 September 2003. Minister for Trade and Industry BG (NS) George Yeo facilitated the negotiations on agriculture at Cancun.

Doha Development Agenda Singapore strongly supported the launch of the Doha Development Agenda (DDA) at the 4th WTO MC in Doha, Qatar in November 2001. The launch of the DDA gives a strong signal of continued global commitment to an open trading system. Despite the impasse at the Cancun Ministerial, Singapore looks forward to participating at the next WTO meeting in December 2003 where we will focus on working with other WTO members towards the expeditious conclusion of the DDA by its mandated deadline of 1 January 2005. A positive outcome is crucial towards strengthening the rules-based multilateral trading system and will benefi t all countries.

Singapore-WTO Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) Singapore and the WTO signed an MOU in December 1996 to establish a Third Country Training Programme (TCTP), providing joint training in trade and other WTO-related matters to developing countries. After an initial period of 2 years, the MOU was renewed in March 2000. We have, with the WTO, jointly conducted six seminars and courses in Singapore training over 100 government offi cials from the Asia-Pacifi c, Africa and Latin America.

More information on Singapore’s Foreign Affairs is available at http://www.mfa.gov.sg/internet

71 14. Singapore as an Education Hub

72 14.1 The Education System Singapore has an education system which promotes excellence and helps you be part of a progressive, cosmopolitan community. Singapore has been converting itself into a knowledge-based economy in the recent years. It’s a nation which believes in investing in education. The education in Singapore has become one which meets the needs of individuals and also seeks to nurture talents. Students acquire the skill to survive in competitive environments and are equipped for a brighter future. Singapore’s education system has a bilingual policy (English with Mandarin/Malay/Tamil) here in lies its strength. Singapore’s public schools have a distinctive record of high standards in teaching and learning, illustrated by international comparative studies. At the tertiary levels, Singapore has attracted 12 world-class institutions with strong industry links to set up centres of excellence in education and research along with its locally grown universities. Among these world class institu- tions are the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business, French University – INSEAD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology etc. After entering the work force, there are ample opportunities to upgrade themselves with the different profes- sional and skills based training. Singapore’s education system aims to bring the best in all students, instilling in them sound values so that they become responsible adults, loyal citizens, caring people and diligent individuals.

Basic and Tertiary Courses The education system in Singapore is a tried and tested one. It aims to nurture and mould each individual to his or her full potential. Students in Singapore enjoy a world-class academic curriculum developed around a well-rounded learning experience.

Pre-school education helps develop a child at an early stage in language and literacy skills, number and science concepts, social skills, and appreciation of music, movement and play.

Primary education provides the foundation for students, inculcating basic language, numerical and scientifi c knowledge. Secondary education builds on this core foundation by introducing other subjects key to the holistic development of an individual, such as the Humanities and Applied Sciences. Streaming is done at various stages to enable students to learn at their own pace and according to their individual interests.

At the post-secondary level, students either do a preparatory course for tertiary education or prepare for a vocation where they are able to contribute to society in a meaningful way.

Universities and polytechnics equip students with knowledge and skills that will bring them to a higher level in the quest for learning. Students can choose from the myriad of courses offered by Singapore’s fi ve polytechnics, four local universities, world-class foreign universities and numerous private schools.

Professional and Enrichment Courses Singapore is reputed for its excellent range and quality of executive education. Offered by local and foreign universities and institutions in Singapore, the corporate training programmes will empower you with cutting-edge knowledge and relevant applications spanning topics like Finance and Banking, IT, Intellectual Property and Business Management.

14.2 Why choose Singapore? Singapore is one of the best exchange destinations where talent, masses and ideas come together from all over the world. The cultural and intellectual mixtures among these students will allow them to gain a better appreciation for other countries - an important perspective in an increasingly globalised world. Students will do well to exploit fully the networking opportunities available to them, both in the classroom as well as outside, and form valuable social networks that will help them in their careers later in life.

73 14.3 Education Services Singapore has quality Education at lower costs than countries such as the United Kingdom and USA. Local Universities such as National University of Singapore (NUS) and Nanyang Technological University (NTU) are among the leading universities in Asia. Local universities have developed strong capabilities in a number of areas, particularly in the sciences and engi- neering. The business schools are also well regarded in the Asia-Pacifi c region. At the undergraduate level, the universities offer a wide range of programmes with cross-faculty requirements which give students exposure to other disciplines. This allows the students to enjoy the best of both the British system of specialisation and the American broad-based approach.

NUS set up a Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering in 2002 to spearhead trans-disciplinary graduate education and research in science, engineering and medicine. It has the top research faculty from NUS and the A*STAR research institutes, and is very selective in student admission. Research grants are also readily available here, particularly in biomedical sciences. A number of research institutes have been set up in recent years. For example, the NUS’s Offi ce of Life Sciences and A*STAR’s Biomedical Research Council (BMRC) recently awarded the Young Investigator Award 2003 to 10 young researchers. The winners will each receive research funding of up to Singapore $550,000 over three years.

There are also many opportunities for overseas exchanges and attachment programmes. We have 12 leading foreign universities offering education programmes in Singapore. Some of the examples of these are as follows; • In business studies, business schools such as Wharton and UCLA have collaborated with Singapore institutions to offer postgraduate courses tailored for an Asian environment, thereby creating new intellectual property. • In specialised areas of education such as fi nance and banking, the SMU offers a Master of Science in Wealth Manage ment together with the Swiss Banking School. • More recently, the PSB Academy has tied up with the American Bankers Association to offer courses in consumer risk management and SME credit risk management, all of which apply global management concepts tailored to the Asian environment. • The range of graduate programmes has in recent years been giving students diverse study options. Some of these include: 1. Master of Science in Wealth Management 2. Master in Transportation and Logistics 3. Ph.D programme at the NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering consists of interdisciplinary graduate education and research in science, engineering and related aspects of medicine. 4. Master of Science and Ph.D in Bio-engineering. 5. Master of Management in Hospitality (to be launched in 2005)

We have also managed to attract top universities from around the world to collaborate with the local universities in spearheading postgraduate education and research. With the help of leading foreign education institutions and a high representation of international students in private education institutions, international students receive not just a Singaporean education but a truly international education.

Besides the above, Singapore universities have signed formal Memoranda of Understanding with top Indian institutions such as the Indian Institute of Technology, Bangalore (IIT-B), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore (IISc), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Bombay and Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi. These agreements have facilitated the exchange of academic and research personnel and students, as well as joint research collaborations.

74 Polytechnics Polytechnics were established in Singapore to offer students practice-oriented studies at the diploma level. There are currently fi ve polytechnics in Singapore : • Nanyang Polytechnic • Ngee Ann Polytechnic • Republic Polytechnic • Singapore Polytechnic • Temasek Polytechnic

They offer a wide range of courses such as Engineering, Business Studies, Mass Communication, Design and Info-Communications. Specialised courses such as Optometry, Marine Engineering, Nautical Studies, Nursing, Early Childhood Education and Film are also available for those who wish to forge a specifi c career path.

Polytechnic graduates have proven to be popular with employers as they emerge into the working world fully equipped with hands-on skills and experience relevant to the New Economy. Universities The three local universities in Singapore : • National University of Singapore (NUS) • Nanyang Technological University (NTU) • Singapore Management University (SMU) They mould outstanding graduates with internationally recognised degrees. Research and scholarship opportunities are also available to post-graduate students.

Since its founding in 1905, NUS has since evolved into a comprehensive university offering courses in major disciplines such as the Sciences, Engineering, Technology, Law, Arts & Social Sciences and Medicine.

NTU was set up in 1981 to provide facilities for tertiary education and research in engineering and technology. It has since incorporated the National Institute of Education (NIE) “the teachers’ college” and expanded to include Accountancy, Business and Communication Studies.

SMU was established in 2000 as the fi rst publicly-funded private university with a focus on business and management programmes.

International Universities in Singapore In addition to local universities, leading international universities have increased the level and scope of tertiary education in Singapore. One example is the top European MBA School INSEAD, which invested S$60 million in a facility at the Science Hub to set up Asia’s fi rst international business school with a full campus. In 2000, the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business chose Singapore to site its facility, making it the fi rst leading US business school to have a permanent campus in Asia.

Other leading international universities which have collaborated with local institutions to launch their presence in Singapore include: • Georgia Institute of Technology - The Logistics Institute, Asia Pacifi c • Johns Hopkins University - Johns Hopkins Singapore • Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Singapore MIT Alliance • Shanghai Jiao Tong University • Stanford University - Singapore Stanford Partnership • Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania - Wharton SMU Research Centre • Technische Universiteit Eindhoven - Design Technology Institute • Technische Universitat Munchen - German Institute of Science and Technology

75 Institute of Technical Education (ITE) ITE is an alternative post-secondary institution for those opting to develop their technical skills and knowledge in various industry sectors. Besides providing full-time institutional training and traineeship programmes for secondary school leavers, ITE also provides continuing education programmes for working adults.

Private Education Services In Singapore, a vibrant variety of private schools offer a broad range of programmes, adding diversity to the nation’s education landscape. There are more than 300 private commercial, IT, fi ne arts and language schools in Singapore. These private commercial and speciality schools offer courses with strong demand from local and international students. They offer accredited courses through local institutions or distance learning/home study programmes through correspondence schools. Some Singapore institutions also offer foreign degree courses. These private schools function very much like the mainstream schools in that they follow the academic year, schooling hours, etc. Private schools offer various courses at the certifi cate, diploma, bachelor and postgraduate level. Through partnerships with popular international universities from the US, UK, Australia etc, private schools offer students the opportunity to attain international certifi cation in a comfortable and affordable environment. Private Schools are in line with Singapore’s aim to attract world-class institutions with strong industry linkages to set up centres of excellence in education and research. There are many private academic and international schools to give students a wide choice of institution. There are private academic schools conducting classes leading to Singapore-Cambridge General Certifi cate of Education (GCE). Certain schools also run part-time GCE classes in the evenings and on weekends. All private schools conduct their own admission/enrolment exercises. Individual private schools have their own regulations on age limit for enrolment into courses of study.

Listing of Singapore Quality class for Private Education Organisation

1. AEC Edu Group Pte Ltd 27. Nanyang Institute of Management Pte Ltd 2. AEC Resource Development Pte Ltd 28. PSB Academy & Consulting Group 3. AEC Travel and Tourism Management 29. PT.com 4. APMI Group Pte Ltd 30. Raffl es Lasalle Institute 5. Asia Pacifi c Management Institute Pte Ltd 31. SHATEC 6. Asia Pacifi c School of Business Pte Ltd 32. Shelton School of Commerce 7. Auston Institute of Management & Technology 33. Singapore Institute of Commerce 8. Brighton Commercial Training Centre 34. Singapore Institute of Management 9. British Council English Language Teaching Centre 35. SSTC Education Centre 10. Centre for Innovation & Entrepreneurship 36. St. Francis Methodist School 11. East Asia School of Business 37. St. James English School 12. FTC Training Centre 38. Stansfi eld College 13. FTMS Consultants (S) Pte Ltd 39. Thames Business School 14. FTMS Holdings (S) Pte Ltd 40. Thames Language School 15. FTMS Training Systems Pte Ltd 41. The Stansfi eld Group Pte Ltd 16. Hawthorn Singapore English Language Centre 42. TMC Academy 17. IBMEC College 43. TMC Academy for Advanced Education 18. IBMEC Consultancy International 44. TMC Business School 19. IBMEC Holdings Private Limited 45. TMC Centre for Advanced Education 20. IBMEC Management Institute 46. TMC Centre for Financial Services & Risk Management 21. IGCOL 47. TMC Centre for Information Technology 22. Informatics Computer School 48. TMC Centre for Overseas Education 23. Informatics Group (Singapore) Pte Ltd 49. TMC Computer School 24. Management Academy Singapore Pte Ltd 50. TMC Educational Group 25. Management Development Institute of Singapore 51. TMC School of Arts and Humanities 26. Monash TMC Education Centre 52. UOSA Asia Pacifi c Ltd

76 14.4 Financial Support Tuition Fee Loan Scheme For studies at a local university or polytechnic, the Tuition Fee Loan Scheme administered by the Ministry of Education (MOE) loans up to 80% of tuition fees and is available to all students. As an international student, you are eligible for the same grant subject to the signing of a deed with the Singapore government undertaking to work in Singapore for three years, upon completion of your programme.

Bursaries International students may apply for bursaries to pay for their tuition fees and other expenses. Bursaries are grants awarded purely on the basis of fi nancial need and usually do not exceed S$1,500 per academic year. Bursaries tend to be administered by the educational institutions themselves.

Study Loans Alternatively, students may opt to apply for a study loan, usually payable upon graduation or completion of the programme, at favourable interest rates. Some educational institutions offer additional loans for miscellaneous expenses such as computer loans.

Scholarships A number of scholarships are also open for application. Selection is usually based on academic excellence and leadership or co-curricular track records. Some educational institutions, especially at the tertiary level, also offer scholarships that are exclusive to the institution.

Apart from these listed in the table, many statutory boards, local companies, and multi-national companies offer their own scholarships. Some of these impose a bond with the organisation upon graduation. The scholarships are generally publicised on the individual companies’ websites as well as in advertisements in the local and regional newspapers and publications.

For more information on the education system, please visit http://www.singaporeedu.gov.sg/htm/index.htm and http:// www.moe.gov.sg.

77 15. HEALTHCARE

15.1 Private and Public Hospitals and Clinics Singapore has a mixed healthcare market comprising competent public and private providers. Together they provide excellent healthcare services and offer choices for both Singaporean and foreign patients.

In Singapore, there is a dual system of healthcare delivery. The public system is managed by the Government while the private system is provided by the private hospitals and general practitioners. The healthcare delivery system comprises primary health care provision at private medical practitioners’ clinics and outpatient polyclinics, and secondary and tertiary specialist care in the private and public hospitals.

The 8 public hospitals comprise 5 acute general hospitals (Singapore General Hospital, National University Hospital, Changi General Hospital, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Alexandra Hospital), a hospital for obstetrics & gynaecology and paediatric medicine and surgery, a psychiatry hospital and 1 community hospital.The general hospitals provide multi- disciplinary acute inpatient and specialist outpatient services and a 24-hour accident and emergency service.

In addition, there are 6 specialty centres for eye, skin, cancer, heart, neuroscience and dental. Liver transplant surgery is centralised in one of the larger hospitals, the National University Hospital while the kidney transplant surgery is centralised in both the Singapore General Hospital and National University Hospital. Heart transplant is carried out by the National Heart Centre, while Lung Transplant is carried out together by the National Heart Centre, the National Cancer Centre and the Singapore General Hospital. The private hospitals have similar specialist disciplines and comparable facilities.

The Ministry of Health’s priority programmes are: • To improve the health of the elderly; health promotion and disease prevention. • To ensure that residents have access to good healthcare services according to their needs • To pursue medical excellence.

In Singapore, healthcare services are provided both by the private and the public sectors. The private sector has general practitioners and private hospitals. The public sector comprises the restructured hospitals, polyclinics and national centres. 80 percent of primary care services are offered by private general practitioners while the polyclinics provide 20 percent. It’s the reverse in case of the hospital care where the public sector provides 80 percent of it and the private sector the remaining 20 percent.

78 15.2 Health Facilities

2001 2002 2003 No. of Hospitals/Specialty Centres 29 29 29 Public Sector 14 13 13 Private Sector 15 16 16 Total No. of Hospital Beds 11,942 11,761 11,855 - Acute Care 8,211 8,127 8,349 - Extended Care 3,731 3,634 3,506 Public Sector Hospital Beds 9,274 8,748 8,831 - Acute Care 6,228 6,206 6,406 - Extended Care 3,046 2,542 2,425 Private Sector Hospital Beds 2,668 3,013 3,024 - Acute Care 1,983 1,921 1,943 - Extended Care 685 1,092 1,081 No. of Polyclinics 16 17 17 No. of Public Sector Dental Clinics 204 206 230 For more information, please visit http://www.moh.gov.sg and http://app.singaporemedicine.com/asp/vid/vid01.asp

Singapore has a world-class healthcare system, which is well respected throughout Southeast Asia. Most doctors speak good English and many have had training overseas. Both private and government hospitals are equipped with the most up-to-date diagnostic technology.

Dental care, optometry, and paramedical services, as well as speech, occupational and physical therapy are widely available. Most housing estates are serviced by government polyclinics as well as private clinics.

Medical services Healthcare services may be paid for through a range of medical insurance policies. Many insurance companies provide coverage and policy plans for foreigners.

All healthcare establishments such as hospitals, nursing homes, clinical laboratories, medical and dental clinics are licensed and regulated by the Ministry of Health.

Singapore has 23 hospitals, of which two are government hospitals; eight are government-restructured hospitals and 13 private hospitals. There are 19 outpatient dispensaries and polyclinics, and more than 2,100 doctors in private practice.

Through its network of clinics, the Ministry of Health provides a wide range of curative outpatient services as well as maternal and child health services. Fees charged at the government clinics are heavily subsidised by the Government. Some polyclinics also house senior citizens’ care centres where rehabilitation and day-care services are provided by the Home Nursing Foundation, a voluntary welfare organisation.

79 16. Tourism

Uniquely Singapore - Unique is the word that best captures Singapore, a dynamic city rich in contrast and colour where you’ll fi nd a harmonious blend of culture, cuisine, arts and architecture. A bridge between the East and the West for centuries, Singapore, located in the heart of fascinating Southeast Asia, continues to embrace tradition and modernity today. Brimming with unbridled energy and bursting with exciting events, the city offers countless unique, memorable experiences waiting to be discovered.

The Board strives to position Singapore as a tourism capital by creating good infrastructure, marketing Singapore internationally, developing a service-oriented workforce and attracting world renowned events to Singapore. The Singapore Tourism Board supports initiatives in the various tourism sectors like leisure, recreation, food and beverage, arts and entertainment and attractions. This is done to ensure that tourism remains a thriving industry in Singapore. The Singapore Tourism Board (STB) is an economic development agency for one of Singapore’s key service sectors - tourism. The mission of the Board is to develop and champion tourism so as to build the sector into a key driver of economic growth for Singapore.

With its strategic tourism units covering the key purposes of visit by tourists, the STB will work towards revitalising traditional segments ranging from sightseeing and attractions to business travel, as well as actively tap into emerging segments such as healthcare and education services.

To encourage companies to develop new ideas and market Singapore as a tourist destination, the Singapore Tourism Board (STB) offers fi nancial grants and tax incentives for various purposes. In terms of fi nancial grants, STB has a scheme known as the Tourism Development Assistance Scheme (TDAS) which is aimed at accelerating the pace of tourism development in Singapore. In terms of tax incentives, STB offers Double Tax Deduction for Inbound Tourism Promotion and Double Tax Deduction for Local Trade Exhibitions, which are aimed at encouraging companies to market Singapore as a destination at overseas trade fairs and missions as well as to expand their markets by participating in international trade-oriented exhibitions held in Singapore.

Besides TDAS and DTD, STB which is the lead agency for tourism, can facilitate the application of other grants by other agencies such as the Economic Development Board, International Enterprise - Singapore and Spring Singapore.

The Travel Services team is the lead department responsible for building up the capabilities of travel services providers to create a vibrant and resilient tourism sector in Singapore.

In close co-operation with industry partners, the Travel Services department maps out strategic directions and implements best practices for enterprise development, and assists fast-growing tourism enterprises in areas such as business development and technology enhancement.

80 Key Travel Services stakeholders include: • Travel Agencies and Tour Operators • Surface Transport Operators • Budget and Chartered Airline Operators • Tourist Guides

To grow and strengthen Singapore’s travel services, the Travel Services team will undertake the following developmental strategies: 1. Promote a diversity of travel services providers. 2. Incentivize and encourage industry partners to experiment and innovate. 3. Encourage industry partners to provide and maintain a high level of customer service. 4. Promote the adoption of information technology as a competitive business edge. 5. Promote the development of strategic alliances.

The department also serves as the fi rst-stop for travel services providers that need information and assistance for business upgrading and expansion opportunities.

KEY INFORMATION • Singapore posted an estimated S$7.2 billion in tourism receipts for the period from January to September 2004. We are on track to achieving our 2004 target of S$8.7 billion in tourism receipts as we have surpassed our January - September target of S$6.4 billion by 12%.

• Singapore welcomed 658,224 visitors in September 2004; registering 10% growth over the 597,453 visitor arrivals in September 2002 (and 18% increase over September 2003).

• Hotels in Singapore raked in about S$85 million in total room revenue - an increase of 7% over September 2002 (and a 20% rise over September 2003). The estimated 84% Average Occupancy Rate (AOR) for hotels in Sep tember 2004 also represents an 11 percentage point improvement from September 2002.

• Indonesia, Japan and China were Singapore’s top-three source markets in September 2004.

• The Philippines (+43%), India (+28%), Thailand (+37%), Indonesia (+35%), China (+32%), and South Korea (+21%) posted the strongest growth over September 2002.

• STB’s aggressive marketing campaign, the ‘Stick with US’ Uniquely Singapore campaign, could have contributed to the growth in visitor arrivals from the Philippines.

• Singapore’s higher visibility in India this year continued to drive arrival growth from India. Road shows were held in major cities in India, including Chennai, Bangalore, Mumbai and Delhi in September to promote Singapore Education.

• Competitive air fares offered by airlines continued to spur arrival growth from Thailand and Indonesia. STB’s aggressive promotions in Thailand and Indonesia also helped spur travel to Singapore. A series of promotions were held for the launch of Uniquely Singapore brand in Thailand. Several new travel packages such as ‘Colour Your Weekend’, ‘Mamma Mia’ and the ‘Travel via Batam’ were introduced in Indonesia.

• China’s visitor arrival growth continues to be strong. This could be attributed to STB’s media campaign targeted at upwardly mobile individuals and families through a wide range of media channels including TV, print, magazine and outdoor advertisement. STB also launched promotions with attractive packaged deals with travel agents and airlines to leverage on China’s peak travel period which began on the 4th week of September through the Golden Week holiday in October.

81 India is the second largest source of tourists entering Singapore (measured by visitor days). In 2002, some 376,000 Indian nationals visited Singapore. Indian nationals are also the highest spending visitors in Singapore. They spent S$557 million (US$344 million) in 2002,nearly 10% of total tourism expenditure in Singapore. Excluding visitors from the neighbouring countries of Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, Singapore was the ninth largest source of visitors entering India in 2001 (tenth in 2000). During 2001, 42,824 Singapore nationals visited India and accounted for 2.2 per cent of the visitors to India

(1.7 per cent, inclusive of visitors from the three neighbouring countries)

Source: Tourist Arrivals in India: Highlights, Ministry of Tourism & Culture, India

For more information on Tourism in Singapore, please check http://app.stb.com.sg/asp

82 17. MINISTRIES AND STATUTORY BOARDS

Ministries Ministry of Defence http://www.mindef.gov.sg The Mission of the Singapore Armed Forces is to enhance Singapore’s peace and security through deterrence and diplomacy, and should these fail, to secure a swift and decisive victory over the aggressor.

To achieve this Mission, MINDEF is committed to strengthening the military, manpower, and technological edge of the SAF, while fostering close defence relations with friendly countries in the region and beyond through dialogue, confi dence-building and co-operation.

Ministry of Education http://www.moe.gov.sg The Ministry Of Education directs the formulation and implementation of education policies. It has control of the development and administration of the Government and Government-aided primary schools, secondary schools, junior colleges and a centralised institute. It also registers private schools.

There are 11 statutory boards under the Ministry of Education, namely the National University of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Polytechnic, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Temasek Polytechnic, Nanyang Polytechnic, Republic Polytechnic, Institute of Technical Education, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore Science Centre and Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board .

Ministry of Finance www.mof.gov.sg The Mission of the Ministry of Finance is to advance the well-being and development of Singapore through Finance. The main regulatory statues under MOF are the Companies Act, Business Registration Act, Currency Act and Accountants Act. The emphasis of regulatory policy is on development, rather than control. They aim to collaborate with industry experts to make Singapore a world-class fi nancial and business hub. The Ministry actively reviews their rules to ensure they remain relevant to the business and fi nancial environment. This is done in close consultation with industry experts and key stakeholders. Given the rapid rate of technological development and a fast moving environment, the regulatory policies and statues must keep pace.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs http://www.mfa.gov.sg The Ministry of Foreign Affairs conducts and manages Singapore’s relations with other countries. It promotes and protects Singapore’s national interests by working towards the enhancement of regional peace, stability and cooperation, the maintenance of economic progress and prosperity and the consolidation and improvement of friendly relations with all countries.

83 Ministry of Health http://www.moh.gov.sg The Ministry’s mission statements are to promote good health and reduce illness Good health is to a great extent the responsibility of the individual. The Ministry plays a major role in educating and providing information to the public on how they can maintain good healthy lifestyles.

The Ministry also plays a key role in reducing illness in Singapore through the control and prevention of diseases and ensuring that the resources are allocated appropriately to do this. Singaporeans will have access to good and affordable healthcare that is appropriate to patients’ needs

Ministry of Health is responsible for ensuring that health care in Singapore is charaterised by good clinical outcomes and professional standards, and that services delivered are appropriate to each patients’ needs. While we emphasise the principle of co-payment, we must also ensure that healthcare remains affordable to Singaporeans.

Pursue medical excellence Our healthcare system is well regarded and Singaporeans have benefi ted from it. Increasing numbers of foreign patients seek treatment in Singapore

Ministry of Home Affairs http://www.mha.gov.sg The Ministry of Home Affairs plays a key role in making Singapore our best home. They are the guardians of the people’s safety, providing an environment where people feel safe, secure and at ease, the group to whom Singaporeans can turn to for assistance and protection when they feel threatened or at risk, to which they are assured of professionalism and effi ciency.

Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts http://www.mica.gov.sg To develop Singapore as a Global City for Information, Communications and the Arts, so as to Build a Creative Economy, Gracious Community and Connected Society with a Singaporean Identity rooted in our Multicultural Heritage. MICA’s vision has two fundamental thrusts. 1. Propelling the Creative Economy Develop and promote our creative industries (arts and culture, design, media) and infocomm technology sector to create new economic value and jobs.

2. Fostering a Connected Society Forge a strong sense of community, national identity, rootedness and inclusion among Singaporeans by enriching our arts and cultural resources, ensuring quality media content and empowering individuals through infocomm literacy and access for all. Foster better understanding between the Government, Singaporeans, and international stakeholders through effective public communications.

Ministry of Law http://www.minlaw.gov.sg The Ministry of Law’s primary responsibility involves formulating and implementing the broad legal policies of the government. This role is distinct from that of the Attorney-General who is the Government’s legal advisor and the Public Prosecutor. The Ministry also functions separately from the Judiciary, which is an independent organ of the State. Their mission is to ensure a sound legal infrastructure, optimise land resource and promote intellectual property to support our economic and social goals.

84 Ministry of Manpower http://www.mom.gov.sg The Ministry’s mission is to achieve a globally competitive workforce and great workplace for a cohesive society and a secure economic future for all Singaporeans.

Ministry of National Development http://www.mnd.gov.sg Their mission is to create the best physical and living environment for building a robust economy, a vibrant city and cohesive communities. The Ministry helps to strengthen the economic competitiveness by optimising land use, adopting a lighter regulatory touch and upgrading the construction industry. They will play their part by keeping public housing affordable and responsive to changing needs. In addition, the Ministry will also ensure other aspects of a quality living environment like a resilient supply of safe food and suffi cient avenues for green recreation.

Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources http://www.mewr.gov.sg The Ministry aims to move from maintaining good environmental performance in the short term to achieving environmental sustainability in the long term. Together with its two statutory boards, the National Environment Agency (NEA) and the Public Utilities Board (PUB), this can be accomplished through continued innovation in managing Singapore’s limited resources, and vibrant partnerships and co-operations across the 3P sectors - private, public and people which is crucial in meeting Singapore’s environmental sustainability challenges.

Ministry of Trade and Industry http://www.mti.gov.sg Their mission is to promote high and stable levels of economic growth and employment so that all Singaporeans have ample opportunity to improve their standards of living. They do this by: • Facilitating the development of industry sectors with strong growth potential and fundamentals. • Protecting Singapore’s international trade interests, in particular, with a view to enhance access to global markets for our goods, services and investments. • Providing a good understanding of the current state of and outlook for the Singapore economy for policy formula tion and refi nement.

These strategies are derived from Singapore’s general philosophy of economic management: strong adherence to a free market economic system and active pursuit of outward-oriented economic policies.

Ministry of Transport http://www.mot.gov.sg The Ministry of Transport (MOT) oversees the development and regulation of the following sectors: • Civil Aviation and Air Transport • Maritime and Ports • Land Transport The main focus of the ministry is to bring about effi cient and cost-effective transportation to enhance our economic competitiveness and quality of life. It strives to make Singapore an international civil aviation and maritime centre for the region.

85 Ministry of Community Development, Youth and Sports www.mcys.gov.sg The Ministry strives to build a cohesive and resilient society where everyone joins hands to make Singapore a place to call home. That is done by fostering the following:- • Socially Responsible Individuals • Strong and Stable Families • A Caring and Active Community • Sporting People

Statutory Boards Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA) http://www.acra.gov.sg The Board provides a responsive and forward looking regulatory environment for companies, businesses and public accountants conducive to enterprise and growth to Singapore. They also allow the Government to better build a central pool of specialized monitoring and enforcement capabilities. The formation of this board will be responsible for administering the Accountants Act, to keep a close watch on regulatory costs and remain competitive.

Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A* Star) http://www.a-star.gov.sg Knowledge creation and exploitation of scientifi c discoveries for a better world: that is the goal at A*STAR. It is done by fostering world-class scientifi c research and nurturing world-class scientifi c talent for a vibrant Knowledge-Based Singapore. A*STAR represents today’s research scientists and future generation of aspiring scientist who dare to race with the world’s best towards the very limits of modern science. Together with scientists we will build up our intellectual capital and our scientifi c capabilities. That will boost the economic competitiveness of Singapore.

Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore (AVA) http://www.ava.gov.sg The Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority (AVA) was established on 1 April 2000 to carry out the responsibilities of the Primary Production Department (PPD). Their Responsibilities are to :- • facilitate the supply of stable, safe and wholesome meat and meat products, fi sh and fi sh products, fresh fruits and vegetables; • safeguard the health of animals, fi sh and plants; • be a centre of excellence for tropical agrotechnology services; and • facilitate trade in primary produce

Aviation Security Unit http://app.sgdi.gov.sg

Board of Architects (BOA) http://www.boa.gov.sg The Board of Architects is the statutory authority established to administer the Architects Act in Singapore. The Architects Act 1991 sets out provisions to provide for the registration of architects, the regulation of architectural qualifi cations, the practice of architecture by registered individuals and the supply of architectural services by corporations.

86 Building and Construction Authority (BCA) http://www.bca.gov.sg The BCA is a statutory board under the auspices of Singapore’s Ministry of National Development. It was established on 1 April 1999 as a result of the merger between the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) and the Building Control Division of the Public Works Department (PWD). The primary role of BCA is to develop and regulate Singapore’s building and construction industry. Their mission is “to develop an advanced and competitive construction industry”.

Central Provident Fund (CPF) http://www.cpf.gov.sg The Central Provident Fund (CPF) is a comprehensive social security savings plan which has provided many working Singaporeans with a sense of security and confi dence in their old age. The overall scope and benefi ts of the CPF encompass the following: • Retirement • Healthcare • Home Ownership • Family Protection • Asset Enhancement

Working Singaporeans and their employers make monthly contributions to the CPF and these contributions go into three accounts: Ordinary Account - the savings can be used to buy a home, pay for CPF insurance, investment and education. Special Account - for old age, contingency purposes and investment in retirement-related fi nancial products. Medisave Account - the savings can be used for hospitalisation expenses and approved medical insurance.

CPF savings earns interest. Savings in the Ordinary Account earn a minimum interest rate of 2.5% per annum, while savings in the Special and Medisave Accounts earn additional interest of 1.5 percentage points above the prevailing Ordinary Account interest rate.

Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS) http://www.caas.gov.sg The Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS) is a statutory board under the Ministry of Transport. It represents the government in the negotiation of air services agreements as well as advises on matters related to civil aviation. Besides enforcing high performance standards in airport operations, it also regulates and promotes the development of air transport. One of its key roles to anticipate and deal effectively with the changing needs and demands of the aviation industry has seen it transformed Changi Airport into a major global air hub.

Civil Service College (CSC) http://app.sgdi.gov.sg

Commercial and Industrial Security Corporation (CISCO) http://www.cisco.com.sg CISCO is Singapore’s leading commercial security organisation. It was established as a statutory board of the Ministry of Home Affairs to offer Guard and Escort services for commercial and industrial organisation.

87 Defence Science and Technology Agency (DSTA) http://www.dsta.gov.sg DSTA is the largest employer of scientific and engineering talent in Singapore. We provide leading-edge and innovative solutions that make the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) a formidable fi ghting force for the defence and security of Singapore.

Economic Development Board (EDB) http://www.sedb.com The Economic Development Board (EDB) is Singapore’s lead agency responsible for planning and executing strategies to sustain Singapore’s position as a global hub for business and investment.

They work closely with local and foreign companies across a diverse range of activities in both manufacturing and services to help them move towards higher value-creating operations in an increasing knowledge-based and innovation-driven environment. They also encourage companies to use Singapore as a headquarters and total business centre to manage their global or regional functions to service their global or regional functions to service their global or AsiaPacifi c operations.

Singapore is today a “Global Entrepolis” – a unique marketplace where deals are made; funds are raised; creative ideas are exchanged and realized; new innovative enterprises incorporated; and partnerships forged. EDB acts as a catalyst and facilitator to ensure a thriving “enterprise ecosystem” in Singapore. EDB encourages innovation and entrepreneurship by helping to create an environment which is conducive for startups and companies of all sizes to interact with each other, with good corporate governance practices and where intellectual property is protected.

Energy Market Authority (EMA) http://www.ema.gov.sg

Health Promotion Board (HPB) http://www.hpb.gov.sg Established in 2001, the Health Promotion Board (HPB) has a vision to build a nation of fi t and healthy Singaporeans. To achieve this, HPB assumes the role of the main driver for national health promotion and disease prevention programmes. Our goal is to increase the quality and years of healthy life and prevent illness, disability and premature death.

Health Sciences Authority (HSA) http://www.hsa.gov.sg A statutory board formed on 1 April 2001, they play a vital role in supporting healthcare services and regulation, serving the administration of justice and enhancing safety in the community.

They are responsible for the quality, safety and effi cacy of medicines, medical devices, radiation equipment, blood and its products and all health-related products available in Singapore. HSA provides a comprehensive regulatory service for the evaluation and marketing approval of all therapeutic products.

Hindu Advisory Board http://app.sgdi.gov.sg

Hindu Endowments Board http://app.sgdi.gov.sg

Hotels Licensing Board http://www.hlb.gov.sg

Housing and Development Board (HDB) http://www.hdb.gov.sg With HDB, it’s not just about homes, and making them better. It’s about people and giving them the best Singapore can. Set up in 1960, as a statutory board of the Ministry of National Development, HDB’s mission is to build affordable homes of high quality, in integrated environments that meet modern lifestyle needs. Today, as a result of our sustained public housing programme, 84 percent of the population live in quality homes of standards widely recognised for their excellence, in housing towns that are vibrant hubs of life and activity.

88 Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore (IDA) http://www.ida.gov.sg The Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore (IDA) is a statutory board of the Singapore Government. It operates under the Ministry of Information, Communications and The Arts (MITA). IDA was formed in December 1999 as a result of a merger between the Telecommunications Authority of Singapore and the National Computer Board.

Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS) http://www.iras.gov.sg The Board acts as an agent of the Government and provides services in administering, assessing, collecting and enforcing payment of taxes. They also advise the Government and represent Singapore internationally on matters relating to taxation.

Institute Of Technical Education (ITE) http://www.ite.edu.sg

Institute of Southeast Asia http://www.iseas.edu.sg The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies is a regional research centre dedicated to the study of socio-political, security and economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and economic environment. The aim of the Institute is to nurture a community of scholars interested in the region and to engage in research on the multi-faceted dimensions and issues of stability and security, economic development, and political, social and cultural change.

Intellectual Property Offi ce of Singapore http://www.ipos.gov.sg The Intellectual Property Offi ce of Singapore or IPOS is the leading government agency that formulates and administers intellectual property (IP) laws, promotes IP awareness and provides the infrastructure to facilitate the greater development of IP in Singapore.

International Enterprise Singapore (IE Singapore) http://www.iesingapore.com Formerly known as the Singapore Trade Development Board (TDB), International Enterprise Singapore - or IE Singapore for short - is the lead agency spearheading Singapore’s efforts to develop its external economic wing.

JTC Corporation (JTC) http://www.jtc.gov.sg JTC Corporation (JTC) is Singapore’s leading provider of industrial space solutions. They offer a wide range of industrial and business facilities tailored to suit all types of manufacturing and related operations.

Land Transport Authority (LTA) http://www.lta.gov.sg The Land Transport Authority (LTA) is a statutory board under the Ministry of Transport that spearheads land transport developments in Singapore. LTA plans the long-term transport needs of Singapore, taking care of those who drive as well as those who take public transport. The ultimate goal - a smooth and seamless journey for all.

89 Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS) http://www.muis.gov.sg/english/home.aspx The Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS), also known as the Islamic Religious Council of Singapore, was established as a statutory body in 1968 when the Administration of Muslim Law Act (AMLA) came into effect. Under AMLA, MUIS is to advise the President of Singapore on all matters relating to Islam in Singapore. MUIS is responsible for the promotion of religious, social, educational, economic and cultural activities in accordance with the principles and traditions of Islam as enshrined in the Holy Quran and Sunnah.

Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) http://www.mpa.gov.sg The Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) is a statutory board. It was formed on 2 February 1996 by the MPA Act (1996). As Port Authority, the MPA regulates and licenses port and marine services and facilities. It also manages vessel traffi c in the Singapore port, ensures navigational safety, port/maritime security and a clean marine environment.

Media Development Authority (MDA) http://www.mda.gov.sg The Media Development Authority (MDA) has been created to focus on and develop the media industry, putting Singapore at the forefront of the media age. MDA is formed by the merger of the Singapore Broadcasting Authority, the Films and Publications Department and the Singapore Film Commission (SFC) on 1 Jan 2003.

Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) http://www.mas.gov.sg MAS promotes sustained non-infl ationary economic growth, and a sound and progressive fi nancial centre.

Nanyang Polytechnic (NYP) http://www.nyp.edu.sg Nanyang Polytechnic is committed to providing quality education and training to prepare graduates for life and work, equipping them to contribute to the technological, economic and social development of Singapore.

Nanyang Technological University (NTU) http://www.ntu.edu.sg The primary function of NTU is providing facilities for tertiary education and research in various branches of engineer- ing and technology.

National Arts Council (NAC) http://www.nac.gov.sg The National Arts Council (NAC) was set up as a Statutory Board in September 1991 to spearhead the development of the arts in Singapore. Its mission is to nurture the arts and make it an integral part of the lives of the people of Singapore.

National Council of Social Service (NCSS) http://www.ncss.org.sg/ncss/index.asp They provide leadership and direction in social services, to enhance the capabilities of social service organisations and to promote strategic partnerships for social services.

90 National Environment Agency (NEA) http://app.nea.gov.sg The National Environment Agency (NEA) was formed under the Ministry of the Environment (ENV) on 1 July 2002 to focus on the implementation of environmental policies.

Under the NEA, the divisions of Environmental Protection, Environmental Public Health and Meteorological Services work together to ensure a quality environment for Singaporeans for now and for generations to come.

National Heritage Board (NHB) http://www.nhb.gov.sg The National Heritage Board (NHB) spearheads the appreciation and development of Singapore’s cultural, artistic and national heritage. First formed on 1 August 1993, NHB is a statutory board under the Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts. The goal is to make heritage enriching, relevant and exciting for all.

National Library Board (NLB) http://www.nlb.gov.sg The National Library Board (NLB) was established on 1 September 1995 to spearhead the transformation of library services in Singapore in the Information Age. Its mission is to expand the learning capacity of the nation so as to enhance national competitiveness and to promote a gracious society. By developing a relevant and responsive library system which caters to the needs of its people, the NLB will help in creating enlightened individuals who can compete confi dently in all sectors.

National Parks Board http://www.nparks.gov.sg The National Parks Board (NParks) is a statutory board within the Ministry of National Development. It is responsible for developing and enhancing Singapore’s image as a Garden City. NParks is tasked with providing and managing quality parks, greenery and related services to meet the needs of both residents and overseas visitors. Their Mission is “Let’s make Singapore our Garden!”

National University Of Singapore (NUS) http://www.nus.edu.sg National University of Singapore (NUS) is a leading university in the Asia-Pacifi c region. NUS is a confl uence of local and global talent.

Ngee Ann Polytechnic (NP) http://www.np.edu.sg

People’s Association (PA) http://www.pa.gov.sg 1. They promote active citizenship and multiracial harmony. 2. Connect the citizens for community bonding and volunteer work. 3. Provide affordable access to life skill and lifestyle activities. 4. Bring the people closer to one another and to the government.

91 Preservation of Monuments Board (PMB) http://www.mica.gov.sg/aboutus/pmb.html The Preservation of Monuments Board (PMB) was formed in 1971 with the enactment of the Preservation of Monuments Act on 29 January 1971. It was transferred from Ministry of National Development to Ministry of Information and the Arts (MITA) on 1 April 1997 as a statutory board under MITA. The Board is now a statutory board of the Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts (MICA).

Professional Engineers Board, Singapore (PEB) http://www.peb.gov.sg/peb/html/index.html The Professional Engineers Board Singapore (PEB) is a statutory board in the Ministry of National Development. PEB was established since 1971 under the Professional Engineers Act. They safeguard life, property and welfare of the public by setting and maintaining high standards for registering professional engineers, and by regulating and advancing the practice of professional engineering.

Public Transport Council (PTC) http://www.ptc.gov.sg The Public Transport Council (PTC) works closely with the Ministry of Transport (MOT) and the Land Transport Authority (LTA) in regulating public transport services. As regulators, both PTC and LTA oversee various aspects of services provided by the public transport operators, namely the bus operators, Rapid Transit System (RTS) operators and taxi operators.

Republic Polytechnic (RP) http://www.rp.edu.sg

Science Centre Board http://www.science.edu.sg Promotes interest, learning and creativity in science and technology through imaginative and enjoyable experience and contribute to the nation’s development of its human resource.

Sentosa Development Corporation (SDC) http://www.sentosa.com.sg Sentosa is Singapore’s premier island resort getaway with multi-faceted appeal, teeming with events all year round.

Sikh Advisory Board (SAB) http://app.sgdi.gov.sg

Singapore Corporation of Rehabilitative Enterprises (SCORE) http://www.score.gov.sg SCORE is keen to provide manpower support to companies to operate their business. It will work together with the company concerned to identify its projected manpower requirement and train suitable offenders before they are released for the jobs required.

92 Singapore Dental Council http://app.sgdi.gov.sg

Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board (SEAB) http://app.sgdi.gov.sg

Singapore Labour Foundation (SLF) http://www.slf.gov.sg

Singapore Land Authority (SLA) http://www.sla.gov.sg The Board works with the Government and industry to optimise land resources and thus contributes to the economic and social development of Singapore.

Singapore Medical Council http://app.sgdi.gov.sg

Singapore Nursing Board http://app.sgdi.gov.sg

Singapore Polytechnic (SP) http://www.sp.edu.sg

Singapore Sports Council http://www.ssc.gov.sg The Singapore Sports Council (SSC) was formed on 1 October 1973 as a statutory board of the Government of Singapore, established by an Act of Parliament under the SSC Act of 1973. It comes under the umbrella of the Ministry of Community Development and Sports, and is headquartered at the National Stadium in Kallang. The SSC operates various sports facilities located all over Singapore and its main function is to promote sports participation to all Singaporeans.

Singapore Totalisator Board http://www.singtote.gov.sg The Singapore Totalisator Board (Tote Board), established on 1 January 1988, holds the right to operate the following: horse racing and totalisator operations, which it does through its agent, the Singapore Turf Club; and 4D, Toto, Singapore Sweep and football betting, which it does through its agent, Singapore Pools (Private) Limited.

Singapore Workforce Development Agency (WDA) http://www.wda.gov.sg Established in September 2003, the Singapore Workforce Development Agency (WDA) acts as a catalyst and champion of workforce development. It aims to enhance the employability and competitiveness of both employees and job seekers.

Singapore Tourism Board (STB) http://www.stb.com.sg The Singapore Tourism Board (STB) is an economic development agency for one of Singapore’s key service sector tourism. The mission of the Board is to develop and champion tourism so as to build the sector into a key driver of economic growth for Singapore.

93 Spring Singapore (Standards, Productivity And Innovation Board) http://www.spring.gov.sg Spring’s mission is to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises for a vibrant Singapore economy. We work to nurture a pro-business environment that encourages enterprise formation and growth, facilitate the growth of industries, enhance productivity & innovation and capabilities of enterprises and help increase access to markets and business opportunities.

TCM Practitioners Board http://app.sgdi.gov.sg

Temasek Polytechnic http://www.tp.edu.sg

Urban Redevelopment Authority http://www.ura.gov.sg The Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) is Singapore’s national land use planning authority. URA prepares long term strategic plans, as well as detailed local area plans, for physical development and then co-ordinates and guides efforts to bring these plans to reality. Prudent land use planning has enabled Singapore to enjoy strong economic growth and social cohesion, and ensures that suffi cient land is safeguarded to support continued economic progress and future development.

94 18. Useful Addresses

Ministry of Community Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of National Development Youth & Sports Tanglin Development 512 Thomson Rd Singapore 248163 5 Maxwell Road #21-00 & #22-00 Tower Block MND #07-00 MCYS Building Tel: (65) 6379 8000 Fax: (65) 64747885 Complex Singapore 298136 Singapore 069110 Email: [email protected] Tel: (65) 62589595 Tel: (65) 62221211 Fax: (65) 63536695 Fax: (65) 63257254 Ministry Of Health Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] 16 College Road College of Medicine Building Accounting and Corporate Singapore 169854 Regulatory Authority (ACRA) Ministry of Defence Tel: (65) 63259220 10 Anson Road #05-01/15 Gombak Drive Fax: (65) 62241677 International Plaza Singapore Off Upper Bukit Timah Road Email [email protected] 079903. MINDEF Building Tel: (65) 6325 3731 (65) 6325 3732 Singapore 669638 Ministry of Manpower Fax: (65) 6225 1676 18 Havelock Road Tel: (65)67608828 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Singapore 059764 Tel: (65) 64385122 Fax: (65) 65344840 Ministry of Education Agency for Science, Technology and Research 1 North Buona Vista Drive Ministry of Law (A*Star) Singapore 138675 100 High Street 20 Biopolis Way Tel: (65) 68721110 #08-02 The Treasury #07-01 Centros Fax: (65) 67755826 Singapore 179434 Singapore 138668 Email: [email protected] Tel: (65) 63328842 Tel: (65) 6826 6111 Fax: (65) 63328840 Fax: (65) 6777 1711 Ministry of Finance Email: [email protected] Central Provident Fund (CPF) 100 High Street CPF Building #06-03 & #10-01 The Treasury Ministry of Home Affairs 79 Robinson Road Singapore 179434 New Phoenix Park Singapore 068897 28 Irrawaddy Road Tel: (65) 62260806 Tel: (65)62271188 Singapore 329560 Fax: (65)62258732 Fax: (65) 63327435 Tel: (65) 62359111 Email: [email protected] Fax: (65) 62546250 Ministry of Trade & Industry Email: mha_feedback@mha. Civil Aviation Authority of 100 High Street gov.sg Singapore (CAAS) #09-01 The Treasury Singapore Changi Airport P O Box 1, Singapore 179434 Ministry of Information, Singapore 918141 Tel: (65)63327237 Communications and The Arts Tel: (65) 6542 1122 Fax: (65) 63327260 140 Hill Street #02-02 Fax: (65)65421231 MITA Building Ministry of Environment Singapore 179369 Economic Development Board 40 Scotts Road Tel: (65) 62707988 (EDB) Fax: (65) 68379480 250 North Bridge Environment Building Email: [email protected] #24-00 Raffl es City Tower Singapore 228231 Singapore 179101 Tel: (65) 67327733 Tel: (65) 63362288 Fax: (65) 67319456 Fax: (65) 63396077 Email: [email protected]

95 Infocomm Development Public Entertainment Licensing Authority of Singapore (IDA) Unit (PELU) 8 Temasek Boulevard Singapore Police Force #20-00Suntec Tower Three 391 New Bridge Road Singapore 038988 #02-701 Block B Police Force Tel: (65) 62111948 Singapore 0088762 Fax: (65) 62112222 Tel: (65) 68350000 Email: [email protected] Fax: (65) 62261089

International Enterprise Singapore Exchange Ltd (SGX) 230 Victoria Street 2 Shenton Way #07-00 #19-00 SGX Centre 1 Bugis Junction Offi ce Tower Singapore 068804 Singapore 188024 Tel: (65) 62368888 Tel: (65) 63376629 Fax: (65) 65356994 Fax: (65) 63376898 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Spring Singapore (SPRING) Intellectual Property Offi ce Of 2 Bukit Merah Central Singapore (IPOS) Singapore 159835 51 Bras Basah Road #04-01 Tel: (65) 62786666 Fax: (65) Plaza ByThe Park 62786667 Singapore 189554 Tel: (65) 6339 8616 Singapore Business Federation Email: [email protected] (SBF) 10 Hoe Chiang Rd, #22-01 Keppel Towers, Singapore 089315 Land Transport Authority Tel: (65) 68276828 460 Alexandra Road Fax: (65) 68276807 #27-00 & 28-00 PSA Building Email online: www.sbf.org.sg Singapore 119963 Tel: (65) 63757100 Fax: (65) 63757200 Singapore Customs Email: land_transport_ 55 Newton Road [email protected] #10-01 Revenue House Singapore 307987 Tel: (65) 63552000 Maritime and Port Authority of Fax: (65) 62508663 Singapore (MPA) Email: customs_ 460 Alexandra Road [email protected] 18-00 Storey PSA Building Singapore 119963 Tel: (65) 63751600 Singapore Tourism Board Fax: (65) 62759247 1 Orchard Spring Lane Email: [email protected] Tourism Court Singapore 247729 Monetary Authority of Tel: (65) 67366622 Singapore (MAS) Fax: (65) 67369423 10 Shenton Way Email: [email protected] Singapore 079117 Tel: (65)62255577 Fax: (65)62299491 Email: [email protected]

96 Authorities in charge of Controlled items

Competent Authority and Address Tel No. Agri-food and Veterinary Authority (AVA) 62270670 Sembawang Research Station Animal, Meat & Seafood Regulatory Branch Sembawang Road, 17 km (Animal) Singapore 769194 Tower Block MND Complex #02-00 5 Maxwell Road Arms and Explosives Licensing Division 65575809 Singapore 069110 (A&E) 391 New Bridge Road Agri-food and Veterinary Authority (AVA) 63257624 #02-701 Police Cantonment Complex Animal, Meat & Seafood Regulatory Branch Singapore 088762 (Meat) Tower Block MND Complex #02-00 Central Narcotics Bureau (CNB) 63251134 5 Maxwell Road 393 New Bridge Road Singapore 069110 Singapore 088763

Agri-food and Veterinary Authority (AVA) 63257102 Commissioner of Estate Duties (CED) 63513231 Animal, Meat & Seafood Regulatory Branch 55 Newton Road (Seafood) 3rd Storey, Revenue House Tower Block MND Complex #02-00 Singapore 307987 5 Maxwell Road Singapore 069110 Health Sciences Authority 68663472 Centre for Drug Administration Agri-food and Veterinary Authority (AVA) 63250783 Cosmetic Control Unit (CCU) Food Control Division 11 Biopolis Way #11-03 Helios 5 Maxwell Road #18-00 Singapore 138667 Tower Block, MND Complex Singapore 069110 Health Sciences Authority 68663449 Centre for Drug Administration 68663432 Agri-food and Veterinary Authority (AVA) 63257599 Product Evaluation & Registration Plant Regulatory Branch Division (PER) (Fruits and Vegetables) 11 Biopolis Way #11-03 Helios Tower Block MND Complex #02-00 Singapore 138667 5 Maxwell Road Singapore 069110 Health Sciences Authority 62130706 Centre for Radiation Protection (CRP) Agri-food and Veterinary Authority (AVA) 67519843 11 Outram Road Plant Regulatory Branch Singapore 169078 (Plant Health) Sembawang Field Experimental Station Infocomm Development Authority of 62111948 Sembawang Road, 17 km Singapore (IDA) Singapore 769194 Licensing Department 8 Temasek Boulevard Agri-food and Veterinary Authority (AVA) 62270670 #20-00 Suntec Tower Three Wildlife Regulatory Branch Singapore 038988 (CITES) Tower Block MND Complex #02-00 International Enterprise Singapore Board 5 Maxwell Road 230 Victoria Street #09-00 Singapore 069110 Bugis Junction Office Tower Singapore 188024 Agri-food and Veterinary Authority (AVA) 67519804 Wildlife Regulatory Branch Rubber 63376628 (Ornamental Fish) Rice 63376628

97 Media Development Authority (MDA) 45 Maxwell Road #07-11/12 63722808 URA Centre, East Wing Singapore 069118

Ministry of Health 63255570 Disease Control Branch (DCB) 16 College Road Singapore 169854

National Authority, Chemical Weapons 67755137 Convention (NA, CWC) 20 Science Park Drive Singapore 118230

Occupational Safety Department (OSD) 62321794 Ministry of Manpower 18 Havelock Road #03-02 Singapore 059764

Pollution Control Department (PCD) 67319665 40 Scotts Road #12-00 Environment Bldg Singapore 228231

Public Entertainments Licensing Unit 65575823 (PELU) Singapore Police Force 391 New Bridge Road #02-701 Police Cantonment Complex Singapore 088762

Singapore Customs 63552000 55 Newton Road #10-01, Revenue House Singapore 307987

Singapore Police Force 65575830 Licensing Division (SPF) 391 New Bridge Road #02-701 Police Cantonment Complex Block D Singapore 088762

98 19. About FICCI

FICCI is the rallying point for free enterprises in India. It has empowered Indian businesses, in the changing times, to shore up their competitiveness and enhance their global reach.

With a nationwide membership of over 1500 corporates and over 500 chambers of commerce and business associations, FICCI espouses the shared vision of Indian businesses and speaks directly and indirectly for over 250,000 business units. It has an expanding direct membership of enterprises drawn from large, medium, small and tiny segments of manufacturing, distributive trade and services. FICCI maintains the lead as the proactive business solution provider through research, interactions at the highest political level and global networking.

Set up in 1927, on the advice of Mahatma Gandhi, FICCI is the largest and oldest apex business organization of Indian business. Its history is very closely interwoven with the freedom movement. FICCI inspired economic nationalism as a political tool to fi ght against discriminatory economic policies. That commitment, drive and mission continue in the ever-changing economic landscape of India, chasing always newer agenda.

In the knowledge-driven globalized economy, FICCI stands for quality, competitiveness, transparency, accountability and business-government-civil society partnership to spread ethics-based business practices and to enhance the quality of life of the common people.

Core Competence • A reservoir of experience and expertise in diverse fi elds. • Quality service provider. • Forum for continuous government-industry interface for evolving a shared vision on economic matters. • Information superhighway for corporates in India and abroad. • Rallying point for track-two business diplomacy for promoting global trade and investment. • Professional Committees on all segments of the economy. • Highly trained, experienced and accomplished multidisciplinary intellectual capital as its Secretariat. • Internationally acclaimed state-of-the-art offi ce infrastructure for conferences, board meetings and business consultations. • Specialized organizations and think-tanks to address the present and futuristic issues and challenges. • Strong database with connectivity to every conceivable networks to access and provide data online to industry, government and business organizations. • Professional approach for evolving quick solutions to economic and industrial issues. • Perspective groups to visualize the future challenges and requirements of the industry. • International Business Forum to help and guide overseas business partners. • Institutionalized advisory groups to provide customized consultancies in quality assurance, energy auditing and sustainable and environmental issues. • A state-of-the-art food testing laboratory which has been the referral point for the emerging multi-billion food industry in the country. • Well-conceived social outreach programmes targeted at the civil society. • Strong global connectivities.

99 World-Class Infrastructure Located in the heart of New Delhi, in a sprawling compound, FICCI headquarters have the world-class infrastructure. There are seven different halls having capacities ranging from 16-600 - a meeting hub for business leaders.

Executive Committee The Executive Committee of FICCI consists of industry leaders who hold a pride of place in the business landscape of the country. Among them are some of the key innovators, wealth creators and employment providers. Their contributions to the national economy are immense and varied.

Intellectual Capital Highly qualifi ed multidisciplinary Secretariat consisting of economists, MBAs, IT professionals, fi scal and fi nancial analysts, lawyers, etc.The Secretariat who can provide business solutions and guidance on industry issues like quality, market access, taxation, economic policies, etc. The intellectual capital is ever-expanding to address newer areas and wider issues.

FICCI National Affairs FICCI has played a proactive role in evolving the economic policies of the nation both in the pre-Independence and post-Independence period. The Government has been consulting FICCI while evolving and implementing all major economic policies of the country. The Government of India Act of 1936, Bombay Plan, Five-Year Plans, etc. are some of the major economic policy instruments that were discussed threadbare in the FICCI forum. That partnership between the Government and FICCI continues. Thirty-four specialized committees of FICCI on diverse segments of the economy grapple with sectoral issues on a day-to-day basis to provide solutions to business and to suggest pragmatic policies to the Government.

Global Connectivities From Nikita Khrushchev to Vladimir Putin, President Eisenhower to Clinton were the hosts of FICCI. That unique international networking and interactions at the highest level have helped the Indian business community to expand their business horizon. From the League of Nations (the precursor to the United Nations) to the World Trade Organisation (WTO), FICCI has maintained organic relationships, which have blossomed into effective partnerships and exchange of ideas. Consultations with the heads of multilateral organizations like UNIDO,UNEP, ILO, GATT, WTO, World Bank, IFC, WIPO, ADB, etc have been a feature of FICCI activities to strike credible communication channels with these organizations to amplify the business point of view on developmental matters. These track two business consultations with multilateral organizations have resulted in forging effective partnerships in implementing projects and reinforcing the views of developing countries in the global development agenda.

100 Joint Business Councils Joint Business Councils (JBCs). FICCI’s track two business diplomacy with India’s trading partners, open up new business opportunities to Indian businessmen with overseas investors, technology suppliers, multilateral and bilateral funding agencies. JBCs formed with over 69 countries, including the US, Japan, South Korea, Australia and the People’s Republic of China regularly meet to take stock of the bilateral issues and to frame newer policy initiatives to take the two-way trade and investment to newer heights.

FICCI is also the nodal point for the Indian Chapters of: • Confederation of Asia Pacifi c Chambers of Commerce and Industry (CACCI) • G-15 Federation of Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Services (G-15 FCCIS) • Indian Ocean Rim Business Forum (IORBF) • International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) • SAARC Chambers of Commerce and Industry

FICCI Annual General Meetings Annual General Meetings of FICCl have been important national economic events. The contemporary developmental issues facing the nation are discussed and debated by the political leadership, business and the academia. These events have helped the Government of India to take stock of the developmental initiatives and to evolve policy corrections based on industry responses.

FICCI has always stood behind the nation in the hour of crisis. It is committed to free enterprise and competition. That is the key to enhance the quality of life of the people and to build a new, dynamic and vibrant India.

Think Tank FICCI Think Tank consists of eminent economists, planners, civil servants and industrialists who meet regularly in structured monthly meetings to discuss important macro level issues confronting the nation. A background note for the meetings is usually prepared by one of the distinguished economists and fi nal recommendations will be submitted to the Government.

Allied Organisations • Business Information Services Network (BISNET) • Diaspora Division (Pravasi Bharatiya Divas Secretariat) • All India Organisation of Employers (AIOE) • All India Shippers Council (AISC) • Confederation of Indian Food Trade & Industry (CIFTI) • FICCI Ladies Organisation (FLO) • FICCI Quality Forum • FICCI Socio Economic Development Foundation. • Food Research and Analysis Centre (FRAC) • ICC-India • Indian Council of Arbitration (ICA) • Institute of Intellectual Property Development (IIPD)

101 Parliamentary Fora • Indo-US Parliamentary Forum • Indo-German Parliamentary Forum • Indo-British Parliamentary Forum

SECTORS • Agriculture • Infrastructure • Banking & Financial Institutions • Insurance & Pensions • Biotechnology • Logistics • Capital Market • Manufacturing • Chemicals • Media • Corporate Laws and Governance • Non-conventional Energy • Defence • Pharmaceuticals • Electronics Hardware • Power • E-Entertainment Alliance • Retail & Direct Selling • Entertainment • Rural Development • Environment • Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) • Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) • Food Processing • Sports • Foreign Trade • Taxation • Housing • Telecom • Hydrocarbons • Tourism • Information Technology • Urban Development • Water Resources

SERVICES

Water Audit Services To promote responsible corporate action in water conservation & management, FICCI - Water Division has launched Water Audit services for companies. FICCI’s team for conducting Water Audits comprises water experts, process engineers and technicians with rich experience in Water Auditing.

The Government of India has recognized ‘Water Audit’ as a very necessary tool for water resource management and is in the process of fi nalization of ‘General Guidelines for Water Audit and Water Conservation. The Central Water Commission and Central Ground Water Board, Ministry of Water Resources have also suggested formulation of Water Audit Cells in all States making Water Audits mandatory for water using organizations.

Water Audit study is a qualitative and quantitative analysis of water consumption to identify means of reuse and recycling of water. This study includes segregation of effl uent streams and schemes for effectively treating them to enable byproduct recovery. Water Audits encourage social responsibility by identifying wasteful use, enables estimation of the savingpotential. They not only promote water conservation but also deliver cost savings. In addition,they help companies safeguard public health and property, improve external relations and reduce legal liability.

102 FICCI offers its Water Audit Services to companies on chargeable basis. To avail Water Audit Services, please get in touch with:

Ms S Sunanda, Team Leader- Water Division or Ms Karishma Singh, Research Associate, FICCI Federation House New Delhi - 110001 Tel: 011- 23753124 (D) Fax: 23765333 E-mail: sunanda@fi cci.com

BUSINESS FACILITATION SERVICE FOR OVERSEAS SEAS INVESTORS FICCI has opened a Business Facilitation Service Helpline to facilitate overseas investment into India. This is led by Mr Peter T Hassan who has over 30 years of corporate experience in investment promotion and business facilitation.

In order to offer you the best possible advice and assistance with regard to setting up of your Project, please furnish the service with the following general information, which will enable us to make the requisite preliminary research. This form is available online at: http://www.fi cci.com

For any further queries, please contact: Mr Bikas K Singh Asst. Director, FICCI Federation House 1 Tansen Marg, New Delhi - 110001 India Ph : 91-11-23316148 Fax : 91-11-23721504 / 23320714 E-mail : bikas@fi cci.com

FICCI’S National Initiative Against Piracy & Counterfeiting The FICCI-NATIONAL Initiative Against Piracy and Counterfeiting (NIAPC) has been set up with an objective to create awareness regarding the menace of piracy and counterfeiting and to take initiatives to fi ght this scourge. It aims to promote awareness of the dangers and consequences of piracy and to strengthen the capacities of the enforcement systems in association with professional bodies, training institutions and concerned departments of the Government.

For this purpose, specifi c sub-groups have been constituted under the Initiative. Shri I. Gujral, former prime Minister of India is the patron-in-chief of this initiative. Justice B.N Kirpal, former Chief justice of India is the patron of the Legal sub-group. Mr. J.F Ribeiro, former commissioner of police, Mumbai is the patron of the Enforcement sub-group. The Sub-groups will work towards tightening of the IRP regime in India and curbing acts of piracy and counterfeiting.

FICCI NIAPC has a mission to create awareness on this important national issue amongst all sections of the society including policymakers, legislators, judiciary and the Indian public at large. It will also seek to share experience and knowledge from other countries and with the enforcement and other agencies of the Government and the state. The National Initiative aim to take the fi ght against piracy and counterfeiting as a “National Cause” and the furtherance of this objective, it will take up the following initiatives:

103 FORTE : Foundation of Research, Training and Education in Insurance ( A colaboration between FICCI and ING insurance)

Background The on-going liberalisation of the Insurance sector in India has brought along with it the need for quality insurance related research, education and training. Both the policy makers and the players recognise that, there is, at present a large demand for specifi c research in various fi elds and a lack of training resources for potential staff. With increasing competition, there will be an increase in demand for insurance oriented marketing and sales personnel, IT specialists, underwriters and actuaries There is an imperative need to evolve professional standards for various constituents of the industry, both in the fi eld and in the offi ce, which put them at par with the best in the world. Also, consumer awareness/ education programs are required to spread and improve the understanding of Life Insurance.

Objective The Foundation aims to help growth of a vibrant insurance industry in the country and facilitate the development of world class professionalism through research, training and education. The focus is on specifi c research, training and consumer awareness programs. Foundation will also focus on creation of excellence among people engaged in sale and service of insurance products and services and make the customer aware of the intricacies of this business and enable them to take maximum advantage of the insurance services.

It will do this by: • Promoting, facilitating and undertaking specifi c research projects in the fi eld of insurance. Publishing research reports and other material to enrich the insurance literature • Promoting, facilitating and encouraging training programmes which seek to add distinctive value to insurance personnel. • Promoting and supporting development of quality educational material to support the training activities. • Organising consumer education campaigns either directly or in collaboration with consumer activists. • Instituting National level Awards for recognising outstanding achievements in this fwith a view to promoting and encouraging growth and evolution of professionalism in the industry. • Providing consultancy services to corporates and other interested bodies. • Developing suitable mechanism for active co-operation with IIMs, the existing industry level academic institutions like NIA and others in order to bring about meaningful Industry-Academia collaboration for helping healthy and sustained growth of the Insurance Industry in India to the satisfaction of all stake holders.

104 Modus Operandi In addition to in-house activities, FORTE also plans to identify 2-3 important areas in the fi eld of research / training and / or consumer awareness where it could outsource the work. FORTE will invite individuals / institutions to submit proposals for fi nancial support based on certain guidelines for sponsorship.

Sno. Activity Price (Rs.) 1. 12-minutes Documentary Film on Insurance 1,000.00 Education - "Colours of Life" 2. Rural Insurance : Issues, Challenges and 1,000.00 Opportunities - Report on a Research Based Study (summary attached) 3.Pension Assurance for Tomorrow - F ORTE 250.00 Insurance Journal, September 2002 Issue 4.Insurance in Rural India and Intensive Focus - 250.00 FORTE Insurance Journal, January 2003 Issue 5.Annual Subscription of FORTE Quarterly Journa l 850.00

For any further details, you may contact : Ms Jyoti Vij, Dy. Director/Ms Natasha Wig FICCI Federation House, 1, Tansen Marg New Delhi-110 001 Tel: 23357391 (D) / 23738760-70 extn 306 / 324/413 Fax: 23320714 / 23721504 E-mail: fi nance@fi cci.com/ fi [email protected]

FRAC Sponsored by FICCI & CIFTI and Supported by Ministry of Food Processing Industries, GOI

All-Year Round Services FRAC is assisting over 300 member companies, Govt. Institutions, exporters, importers, traders and consumers in getting their food products tested against national & international specifi cations. It’s twenty strong experienced staff offers advice and assistance on sophisticated chemical and mircobiological analysis, all year round.

Quality Assurance & Quality Control FRAC has established an internal quality assurance & quality control programme which ensures the integrity and reliability of analysis carried out by it. The well established quality control programme includes analysis of procedural blanks, duplicates, spiked and blind samples, use of standard reference material and control and calibration of instruments on a routine basis.

105 Methodology Used FRAC uses validated methods of analysis recommended internationally by AOAC, APHA, USDA, FDA, ISO, Codex and FAO. it also uses standard national methods of BIS, PFA, FPAGMARK etc.

Analysis Carried Out For about one decade, FRAC has provided a broad range of high quality analytical services and interpretive support for nation wide list of client’s in the food and agricultural industries. We are continually expanding our analytical capabilities and the scope of our services in response to our client’s needs as well as to new regulatory requirements. We pride ourselves in offering analytical services in the following areas : physio-chemical, microbiological, pesticide residues, nutrition labeling, metal contaminants, mycotoxins, vitamins and other micro nutrients, sensory evaluation, shelf life studies and pre-export inspection and certifi cation.

Recognition FRAC enjoys recognition from Min. of Food Processing Industries, Min. of Food & Consumer Affairs and Min. of Commerce (BIS, EIA and APEDA). It is in the NABL Accreditation from Min. of Science & Technology.

Professional Management FRAC is an independent analytical, research & development centre, registered under Indian Societies Act. It is governed by a Governing Council and advised by a Technical Advisory Committee consisting of members from Govt. institutions, Min. of Food Processing Industries scientifi c institutions, bureaucrats and distinguished experts in the fi eld. It ensures sample integrity and authenticity of analysis. It also assists in: • Advice on improvement in quality and safety of food • Training of the technical staff at different levels. • Up-grading institutional facilities to meet requirements of domestic and export markets.

Services offered by FRAC Analytical services, training in quality control and HACCP, product development, technical information, consultancy services, mobile sample collection facility at site, pre-export inspection and certifi cation, training of technical staff in advanced instrumental analysis & microbiological testing.

Equipments FRAC is equipped with latest analytical instruments e.g. GC, HPLC, AAS, Milkoscan, Rancimat, Digital Polarimeter, Digital Refractometer, Instant Water Analyzer, Brookefield Viscometer, Lovibond Tintometer, Falling Number, Inframatic NIR Analyzer, Protein Analyzer, Pfund Colour grader, UHQ Water Purifi cation system, Rheometer, Auto Titrator, COD Reactor & BOD Track.

106 Membership FRAC membership is accepted in the following three categories :

Membership Admission Fee (Rs.) Subscription Fee (Rs.) Life Member 500.00(one time) 15,000. 00 Organizational member 500.00 (annual) 2,000.00 Associate member 500.00 15,00.00

For further information and for membership, please Contact: Director, Food Research & Analysis Centre, Federation House, Tansen Marg, New Delhi - 110 001 Tel: 91-11-3723554 (Direct), 91-11-3738760-70 (11 Lines) Ext. 350. Fax No: 91-11-3320714 & 91-11-3721504 Cable: UNICOMIND Email: [email protected]

Branch Food Research & Analysis Centre (KB), Kendriya Bhandar, Pushpa Bhawan, Madangir Road, New Delhi - 110 062, Tel: No. 6984103 · Fax No: 6982150

FICCI Quality Forum FICCI Quality Forum (FQF) is the premier training and consultancy organization in the country in the fi eld of standards and quality. It is headed by Lt. Gen. H. Lal, former Director General, Bureau of Indian Standards and an Internationally recognized quality expert. FQF has highly qualifi ed experts in the fi eld of Quality Management, Enviornment Managment Systems and Occupatioanl Health & Safety. It is also registered with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in their world wide directory of quality training organizations.

FQF has institutional collaboration with Nigel Bauer & Associates, a leading quality training organisation of U.K. for conducting IRCA (U.K.) & IACTA (U.K.) approved ISO9000 Lead Assessor Courses in India. FQF has similar arrangements for conducting ISO14000 EMS Lead Assessor Courses of Marsden International (U.K.) which are approved by EARA (U.K.) :

Objective Of FICCI Quality Forum Promoting Management System Standards by providing training and consultancy in the following areas :- • ISO 9000 • ISO 14000 • QS 9000 • HACCP • Occupational Health And Safety

107 Providing assistance in achieving business excellence by application of following tools : • TQM • TPM • Business Process Reengineering • Benchmarking • SPC tools and techniques

Providing specialized consultancy in the following areas :- • Improving quality of banking services • Educational institutions • Waste reduction in paper, chemical and textile industry.

The Institute of Intellectual Property Development The Institute of Intellectual Property Development (IIPD), since its inception has endeavoured to sensitise the public mind on issues relating to copyrights, trademarks, geographical indications or appellations of origin, and patents which directly or indirectly leaves its impact on India’s technological competitiveness. Our Institute is an industry initiative, its promoter being the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and industry, the apex industry association of our country, which directly speaks for over 100,000 businesses- big, medium and small. We remain committed to providing quality services with a client centered and result-oriented approach to the practice.

Our Research Department undertakes to research in Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) issues and aims at establishing, maintaining and managing center(s) of research to promote the knowledge of intellectual property laws of India as well as intellectual property systems of other countries. The areas of research include issues pertaining to intellectual property, difference between the national laws of various countries and various international provisions and their implications. We also publish information collected by our institute in the form of reports, newsletters and IIPD bulletin, which are easily accessible for our members.

Hosting of Symposiums and Forum : The institute regularly hosts Symposiums and Forums on Intellectual Property. Notable scholars are invited from home and abroad to take part in active exchange of views and opinions on various Intellectual Property Issues.

International Collaboration : The Institute regularly collaborates with international organization like World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), Geneva to facilitate discussions on issues of relevance at different times.

Facilitator : The Institute aims at establishing rapport with research bodies, Chambers of Commerce, businessmen and other professional institutes to ensure promotion of Intellectual Property research. By doing it, it also acts as an interface between Industry, Government and Multilateral institutions on various aspects relating to IP.

108 Training : The Institute provides training in the fi eld of Intellectual Property research and management to lawyers, scientists of R&D labs, students and other professionals.

FICCI Ladies Organisation It started 20 years ago, when fi ve women came together to create a platform that voiced the concerns of women entrepreneurs, businesswomen and women professionals. The vision was to empower women and promote entrepreneurship and professional excellence among them. The movement has since gained momentum. And today, there are over a thousand members of FLO all across the country.

Working under the aegis of FICCI (Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry) provides FLO with an invaluable pool of resources and infrastructure. Eminent professionals from various industries offer guidance and share their experiences with aspiring women at seminars and conferences held regularly by FLO. The widespread network of FICCI also helps in reaching out to more and more women around the globe.

The effort is directed at encouraging women to become self-reliant. And take charge of their own life. Exploit their own talent to the fullest and fi nd recognition in the professional world. In effect, earn respect for their capabilities and strengths. As women comprise of nearly half of India’s population, utilizing their skills and talents goes a long way in improving the economic condition of the nation. Moreover, it helps create a better society for all .

The key lies in knowledge. In expanding the horizons. FLO takes up the responsibility of imparting awareness among women. It ranges from guidance in professional matters to personality development. From career opportunities to tackling domestic violence. Becoming catalyst for socio-economic advancement of women. Encouraging them to take their rightful place as equal partners with men in all spheres of life.

FLO has spread its activities throughout the country in the last 20 years. It’s chapters in all four regions of the country-North, South, East and West- serve as nodal centres to reach the remotest corners of the country. Today, FLO has chapters in Chennai, Coimbatore, Hyderabad, Kolkata and Mumbai. In order to intensify operations and extend reach, FLO is guided by a vision that seeks to eventually open a chapter in each state of the country. FLO is open to collaborations with other like-minded organizations throughout the world. As we extend our operations, we look forward to new ideas; powerful ideas that enhance FLO’s Power to empower.

FICCI SOCIO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION FICCI Socioeconomic Development Foundation (FICCI SEDF) came into existence on 23rd August, 1995. It was formally registered as a nonprofi t making society under Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860 on 5th December, 1995.

We are to provide an institutional base to the social sector activities of the corporate sector.

109 And also to undertake, guide, assist, promote, develop, organise, coordinate, facilitate and monitor projects or activities to improve the quality of the life of people through dissemination of information, knowledge enhancement and action oriented projects and to bring together various governmental agencies, non-governmental organisations and researchers.

Industrial concerns in India have already displayed their commitment towards their social responsibilities. The medium and small scale industries, despite a desire to enter this arena, are constrained by lack of technical assistance and facilitating institutions.

The Foundation provides precisely these inputs by assisting these industries in developing and implementing projects by a pooling of resources and synergise in their efforts. The enhancement of social responsibility amongst the cooperate sector. Forging partnership between all stockholders i.e.Government, NGOs and Corporate sector. Exchanging and sharing of views, skills and expertise to promote development in the fi eld of 1. Human Resource Development 2: Health and Nutrition 3. Integrated Family Welfare 4. Harnessing Youth Potential 5. Income Generation activities 6. Empowerment of Women and Marginalised Groups 7. Skill Development & Vocational Training 8. Development & Promotion of Appropriate Technology 9. Quality of Life 10. Rural Development 11. Child Welfare 12. Drug De-addiction 13. Literacy AIDS Prevention

ALL INDIA ORGANISATION OF EMPLOYERS Origin The origin of All India Organisation of Employers (AIOE) can be traced to the tripartite character of the International Labour Organisation (ILO). India is one of the founder members of the International labour Organisation and in accordance with the ILO Constitution a tripartite delegation has been attending its Conferences and Committees. Since the formation of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and industry (FICCI) in 1927, the Indian Employers’ delegate was being nominated on the recommendation of the FICCI. It was in 1931 that Government of India informed the FICCI that in terms of the treaty of Versailles, the Chambers of Commerce could not be treated as Organisation of Industrial employers which could be consulted by the member governments in nominating employers delegates. It was to overcome this diffi culty that the proposal to constitute a separate Central Body of industrial employers was mooted in 19302, and it got the tacit support of the then Government. The formal announcement on the setting up of the All India Organisation of Industrial Employers was made on 12th December 1932. The management of the Organisation was entrusted to a provisional Committee of prominent industrialists representing the then provinces of Bengal, Bombay, Madras, Punjab, Delhi United Provinces, Bihar and Orissa with the President of the FICCI as its fi rst President. Till 1969, the Organisation functioned as an unregistered body, when it was registered as a Trade Union under the Trade Unions Act, 1926.

110 The principal objects of the Organisation inter-alia are : • to encourage the formation of Employers’ Associations and to foster cooperation between Employers’ Associations in India and abroad; • to take all steps which may be necessary for promoting, supporting or opposing legislative and other measures affecting or likely to affect directly or indirectly, the industries in general or particular industries; • to nominate delegates and advisers, etc. representing employers of India at the International Labour Conference, League of Nations, International Chamber of Commerce, Standing Labour Committee and other Conferences and other bipartite/tripartite Committees affecting the interests of trade, commerce and industries, whether as employers or otherwise; • to represent employers on labour and social issues at the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and other international forums • to advise employers on labour matters; to assist them in the settlement of labour disputes and to represent and arrange for the representation of employers in any proceedings before the Conciliation Offi cer, Conciliation Boards, Courts of EnquiryIndustrial Courts, Industrial Tribunals, Labour Appellate Tribunal or any court or other judicial and quasi-judicial body; • to promote and support all well considered schemes for the general uplift of the labour and to take all possible steps to establish harmonious relation between capital and labour; to educate the public with regard to the character, scope, importance and needs of industry, trade and commerce represented by the Members of the Organisation.to interact with the Government both Central and States and Trade Unions on behalf of employers and Industry on matters concerning Industrial relations Productivity, quality, training and improving work culture etc.

Membership The membership of the Organisation (AIOE) is open to all regional and industrial associations of employers and chambers of commerce (Association Membership) and individual fi rms and companies (Individual Membership) and corporate membership. The Annual subscription for membership of both the types is Rs. 4,500/- To begin, the Organisation had its membership four Associations of Industrial Employers and 32 individual industrial units. The members represented important industries, such as, cotton and jute textiles, sugar, iron & steel, shipping, engineering, automobiles, synthetic fibres, cement and potteries, mining, drugs and chemicals, construction, oil extracting, glass match manufacturing. But within a period of two years, the membership increased to six associations and 83 individual units representing a growth of 50 per cent in Association membership and 100 per cent Individual membership. After a quarter century of its existence, Association membership registered a growth of 675 per cent to 31 and Individual membership of 319 per cent to 134. Between 1957-1982, there was a further increase of about 60 per cent. 40 Associations of industrial employers/chambers and 183 Individual industrial units are in the membership of the Organisation. In the functional structure of the Organisation, Association membership enjoys a prime place. Expansion of Association membership in a sense reflects the broader and widening membership base. Thus wider the coverage, stronger is the organisation. Individual companies can apply to be a corporate member, for which the subscription is Rs 5025,000 per annum. The corporate member can nominate a person directly to the AIOE committee.

111 Representative Character The Organisation today represents a labour force of over 3 million workers engaged in industries covered by the constituents of Industrial Associations, Regional Employers Associations and Chambers of Commerce beside those employed by Individual Members spread all over the country.

Consultative Status The AIOE is represented in the Indian Labour Conference and the Standing Labour Committee as also on various tripartite advisory boards/committees set-up by Ministry of Labour, Government of India. Notable among these are, Central Board of Trustees, Employees Provident Fund, Employees State Insurance Corporation, Central Committee on Employment, Minimum Wages Central Advisory Board, National Arbitration Board, National Productivity Council, Central Board of Workers Education, etc. It has also representation on various regional institutes sponsored by the Central Government and prestigious autonomous institutions. The AIOE has been always given representation in tripartite committees and Commissions set-up by the Government of India from time to time.

Committee The administration of the day-to-day affairs of the Organisation is vested in the Committee constituted every year. The Committee constituted every year. The Committee comprises the offi ce bearers and members as follows: A President B Vice President C representative each of the Association Member as a - Member on the Committee.

10 members of the Committee are elected by the delegates representing Individual Members from amongst themselves; 10 persons co-opted as members of the Committee to give representation to such states and/or such important lines of industry, trade and commerce as , which might have been unrepresented on the Committee, whose services may be considered useful. The corporate members have right to nominate one person on the committee.

Standing Group on Legislation A Working Group comprising experts on labour legislation and personnel management assists the Committee in examining all importantall-important legislative proposals received from Government.

Secretariat Labour matters cannot be dealt with in isolation and are required to be examined in the context of their social and economic implications. The AIOE has the unique advantage of being served by the secretariat of the FICCI which is well equipped with experts in all branches of economic activity.

Activities The Secretariat brings to the attention of the Committee all important developments in the area of industrial relations and labour legislation and implements the decisions taken. It also brings to the notice of its members amendments to the existing laws and new proposals relating to labour laws and industrial relations; decisions of tripartite meetings and advisory boards through circular and correspondence. Advice and guidance is also rendered to the members as and when sought. 112 Since 1974, industrial Relations Conference is being organised as an annual feature in collaboration with the Employers Federation of India and the Standing Conference of Public Enterprises. At these Conferences, issues of national importance are discussed and agreed recommendations are submitted to concerned authorities for their consideration.

Discussion Groups are arranged between the representatives of workers and the authorities responsible for the enforcement of various labour laws so as to sort out problems faced in the compliance of these laws across the table; Advanced management programmes for top and middle management are periodically organised on the subject of Human Resource Development, Safety and Health; Bi-partite dialougesdialogues are organised periodically with the Trade union on subjects of national importance touching upon the theme of labour.

Projects on issues like child labour, gender issues, family welfare, entrepreneurship development are implemented.

AIOE is organizing Conferences on ILO Declaration to promote it in different regions of the country

Information is supplied to the over seas employers/investors on labour/wages, HRD or Industrial relation in the country. For this purpose, AIOE is networking with the Federation of European Employers (FedEE) and the Employers’ organisations of the SAARC countries.

Regional Conferences are, arranged to reach the members in their area of activity and get fi rst hand knowledge of the problems of the region.

SERVICES The Organisation offers a wide range of useful services to enterprises and employers: • Information Dissemination Providing information (minimum wages, collective bargaining agreements, government notifi cations etc) to members on latest changes in labour policy and labour laws applicable both at the Centre and State level. • Contact with Government and Public Specifi c issues are placed before the Govt through written and oral representations. Legislative matters are taken-up with the Select, Committees of Parliament. The public is kept informed of the AIOE’s approach to current issues through press conferences and press statements and brochures. • Organising training programs Organising seminars and workshops on topical subjects like Productivity, HRD, Quality, Corporate Social Responsibility, Grievances redressal mechanisms, Social Security, implementing welfare, Health and Safety Measures, Communication and Employees motivation etc. both at enterprise level and outside. • Rapport with Trade Unions Since 1982 the Organisation has built up direct rapport with national trade Union centres whose representatives are invited to Industrial Relations Conferences and Regional Conferences for bipartite dialogue on issues of vital importance. • Projects

113 • AIOE is currently implementing a project on Abolition of Child Labour in collaboration with IPEC (International Programme on Elimination of Child Labour) • Publications A fortnightly Monthly bulletin entitled ‘AIOE Labour News’ is regularly published covering home news, foreign news, legislation abroad, important decisions and awards and labour statistics. • AIOE Industrial Relations Award AIOE has instituted an annual award for outstanding contribution in the fi eld of industrial relations to be given to individuals and companies. • Affi liation In 1983 the Organisation affi liated itself to the International Orgasnisation Organisational of Employers. On the formation of the Council of Indian Employers in 1956, the Council was enrolled as member of the international body in place of the AIOE, the EFI and the SCOPE. The Organisation has networked with many other International Bodies like Nikkerien International Cooperation Centre (NICC), Japan and Federation of European Employers (FedEE).

For Further Details, please contact: Mr. B P Pant Secretary All India Organisation of Employers Federation House Tansen Marg New Delhi-110 001 Ph: 0091-11-23316121/23739760(11 lines) ext : 207 Email: [email protected]

ALL INDIA SHIPPERS COUNCIL Why a Shippers Council? The need for reliable, regular and economic transport is felt nowhere more acutely than in the sphere of international trading. Such transport can be by sea or air, or by road, railways and inland waterways crossing international boundaries. It is a complicated operation. Many technical and legal requirements have to be fulfi lled. The cost of transport, the terms of shipment, packaging and storage, delivery schedules, etc. are no doubt important; equally important are the procedures and documentation, domestic and foreign laws and international conventions relating to the sale and carriage of goods, terms of payment, etc.

The carriers are comparatively fewer in number and well organised; the users on the contrary are many times more and scattered all over. Very few users of international transport have the expertise, much less the time to acquire such expertise, to enable them to obtain fair and reasonable terms of transport. Shippers Councils came to be established to meet this long-felt need. Shippers Councils were established in Europe in the 50s. The movement gradually spread. In India and the other neighbouring countries of South-East Asia the shippers council were formed in the 60s and the early 70s.

114 The fi rst ever monopoly organisation of shipowners, viz a shipping conference, was established in India nearly 100 years ago and everyone of its members was a foreign Shipping Company (mainly West European). With growing emphasis on exports, it became evident that ship users in India also needed organisations to exclusively deal with problems and issues of international transport. Some shipper organisations were set up, but mostly inport towns. It was found that policies and programmes had to be coordinated at the national level; issues of national importance had to be discussed with the carriers and the authorities; views had to be formulated and expressed on national legislation and international Conventions on the sale and carriage of goods. This was possible only if there was an apex body of shippers. Hence the All India Shippers Council.

The All India Shippers Council (AISC) was thus set up in 1967. It is a voluntary organisation registered under the Societies Act. Its membership structure is all India in character and includes national business organisations such as the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI), Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO), the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM), several export promotion councils and commodity boards, besides regional shippers associations.

National and International Links As per the United Nations’ connotation, a `shipper’ is an individual or organisation who uses one or more modes of international transport by sea, air, road, rail or inland waterways for thecarriage of his/its goods across international borders. The AISC, therefore, speaks for Indian shippers, both exporters and importers, in national and international fora. It is represented on a large number of Government bodies including the National Shipping Board, the Central Advisory Council on Trade, SCOPE-Shipping, SCOPE-Air, SCOPE-Rail, Port Trust Boards of Mumbai, Calcutta, Chennai and bodies like the National Institute of Port Management. It enjoys consultative status and its representatives are included in committees/ commissions and working groups constituted by Government and other important organisations from time to time.

AISC’s international links include liaison with United Nations organisations like UNCTAD and ESCAP, International Chamber of Commerce and the World Assembly of Shippers Councils. Besides, it also interacts frequently with counterpart shippers associations such as the America-Canada Shippers Association, European Shippers Council and the Australian Shippers Council. In the Asian Region, AISC is a founder-member of the Association of Shippers Council of Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka (ASCOBIPS). It also closely co-operates with the Federation of ASEAN Shippers Councils.

Aims and Objectives As the principal spokesman of shippers, and the chief negotiator of freight rates and related issues of all India character, the AISC is committed to spearhead the cause of the shippers primarily. Among the specifi c objectives of the Council, as enshrined in its Constitution are: • To organise consultations between shippers and shipowners/conference lines, port authorities and Government on matters of common interest; • To bring together representatives of various shippers associations, trade and industrial associations/ organisations, for consideration and discussion of the problems affecting shippers in India; • To represent the views of shippers in regard to the structure of freight rates, availability and adequacy of shipping space, frequency of sailings, terms of shipment, port charges, port facilities, etc; • To negotiate and enter into agreements with conference lines/shipowners on matters affecting shippers which involve general principles and policies, or on such other matters which any shippers association has been unable to solve, and are referred to the AISC; To examine and express the views of shippers on problems relating to transportation of goods by air; • To consider the problems faced by shippers in regard to coastal shipping, inland transport, packaging, etc for export/import cargo.

115 Membership The AISC Constitution provides for four categories of members. a) Primary Members b) Ordinary Members c) Corporate Members d) Associate Members

The zonal shippers associations are the Primary Members of the Council, and their members ipso facto become the Associate Members of the Council.

Any all-India organisation of trade and/or industry and export promotion council is eligible to become an Ordinary Member of the Council. Any company or fi rm, including export houses, trading houses and public sector corporations having an export-import turnover of Rs. 10 million or more, is eligible to become a Member.

Activities Towards fulfi lling the objectives, AISC undertakes a wide spectrum of activities. It brings to bear the shippers point of view on Government policies, plans and legislation through representations and active participation in Advisory Bodies. Conferences, Seminars and Meetings organised by the AISC help highlight the problems faced by shippers as also the emerging issues. Through submission of its considered views, it contributes to the creation of favourable domestic laws and international conventions. In negotiations with shipping conferences, it strives to safeguard shippers’ interests. The Council endeavours to bring about amicable relationship with National Shipping Lines through regular dialogues. It also serves as a focal point for collection and dissemination of information useful to shippers in general. The AISC Journal “Trade and Transport Digest” as also “All India Cargo Services Directory have proved valuable not only to the shippers, but also to policy makers and concerned international organisations. The AISC is also planning to have programmes to provide training to shippers in various aspects of shipping.

Organisational Structure The affairs of the Council are managed by its Governing Council. The Chairman of AISC is its executive head. He is supported by a Deputy Chairman. Both are elected by the Governing Council.

A number of Committees, Working Groups, and Task Forces are formed from time to time to deal with specifi c issues. There is also a separate Division which looks after matters relating to Air Cargo. Secretarial Facilities

The Council is serviced by a permanent Secretariat of which the Secretary is the administrative head. AISC is supported by the Secretarial infrastructure of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI), including telephones, telex and fax. AISC also has access to FICCI’s conference facilities, computer centre and a well-stocked library.

For further details, please contact : M Y Reddy Secretary All India Shippers Council Federation House Tansen Marg New Delhi - 110 001 Ph : 23738760-70 (11 lines) 23736193 (Direct) Fax : (91) 11-23320714, 23721504 Cable : UNICOMIND Email :fi [email protected]

116 SERVICES Energy Conservation India’s rapidly growing demand for energy is raising the demand-supply gap. To close this gap, India will have to invest huge resources to create additional capacities for energy supply. The enactment of the Energy Conservation Act, 2001 spells out the road map for the country to move up the energy effi ciency ladder and has radically changed our approach towards energy conservation efforts. It is in this context FICCI is committed to accelerate the process of development movement of Energy effi ciency/ conservation.

Objectives To promote energy effi ciency activities by • Conducting Energy Audit Conducting Energy Conservation Seminars • Conducting Energy Conservation Training programs and workshops • In-house training program on energy effi ciency

Profi le Headed by qualifi ed and experienced technically professional. It has qualifi ed experts for conduction of energy audits and experience panel of faculties. FICCI is also an accredited energy auditor of Petroleum Conservation Research Association (PCRA) under Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, Government of India.

Major Areas of Activity • Conduction Energy Audits and Electrical safety Audits in the areas of Coal mining, Rubber, Diary, Pharmaceuticals, Government Buildings etc. • Conduction International Conference on Strategies for Energy Conservation in the New Millennium. • Implementation of project titled Capacity Building for Energy Managers. • Implementation of project titled Indian Industrial Program for Energy Conservation. • Training Series on Energy Solutions.

Calendar of events for 2004 • Training Program on Energy Conservation in Fertilizer Industry. • Training Series on Energy Solutions No.3 • Intensive Course on Control and Automation • Workshop on Coal for Power • Training Program on Oil Conservation • In-house training program for capacity building of energy managers • Training Program on Industrial Heating • Conference on Water Audit • 3rd Program on Energy Conservation in Process Industry • Training Program on Construction Management • Training Program on Gas Conservation

For more details, contact: R K Ghosh/ M N Girish FICCI, Federation House Tansen Marg, New Delhi-110001 Te; 011-23359736, 23738760-70 Fax : 23721504,23320714 Email : rkghosh@fi cci.com, mngirish@fi cci.com

117 WHO’S WHO IN FICCI

Mr Onkar S Kanwar President Onkar S Kanwar is the Chairman & Managing Director of Apollo Tyres Limited. As the chief driver of the company’s vision, Mr Kanwar plays a pivotal role in the company’s operations and articulation of its business philosophy.

Innovation, quality and exclusivity are Mr Kanwar’s guiding principals, which have helped the company achieve a turnaround by implementing a number of pioneering initiatives. He has steered the organisation into becoming a dynamic and professionally-managed Rs 2,300 crore company. It is a leading player in the tyre industry, the fi rst tyre company in India to obtain ISO 9001 certifi cation and the fi rst to launch radial tyres for farm vehicles.

Incorporated in 1972, Apollo Tyres has a network of 119 marketing offi ces across India and 5,500 employees across locations. Its manufacturing units are located in Perembra in Kerala, Limda in Gujarat and Ranjangaon in Maharashtra. The company exports tyres to the USA, Europe, China, Africa, the Middle East, Pakistan and South East Asia through Apollo Tyres International. The European Rubber Journal has rated Apollo Tyres as the sixth fastest-growing tyre company in the world.

Guided by Mr Kanwar, in November 2003, Apollo Tyres entered into a joint venture with Michelin, the world’s number one tyre manufacturer with operations in over 170 countries. The JV, called Michelin Apollo Tyre Pvt Ltd., will be the vehicle for the manufacturing, marketing and sales of truck and bus radial tyres.

Mr Kanwar is closely associated with leading national and international industry chambers and other business organisations. He is the President of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) and the Immediate Past President of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). A Director with the Export Credit Guarantee Corporation of India and the Kerala State Industrial Corporation, Mr Kanwar has also held the offi ce of the Chairman of the Automotive Tyre Manufacturers’ Association (ATMA), the apex body of the Indian tyre industry. He has been a prominent member of various delegations representing business and industry internationally.

Mr Kanwar is a science and administration graduate from the University of California. He lives in New Delhi and has two sons and a daughter. A widely traveled individual, he is a keen student of modern management practices and their successful application in business. He spends most of his time reading and with his fi ve grand children.

Mr. Saroj Kumar Poddar Senior Vice President Saroj Kumar Poddar, aged 58 years, a gold medallist in B.Com (Hons.) from Calcutta University, recipient of Rashtriya Samman from Central Board of Direct Taxes, is the Chairman of Poddar Heritage Enterprises. Under Mr. Poddar, the group has promoted various new projects including several joint ventures with leading international corporations. The most notable of these ventures are - Indian Shaving Products Ltd. (now Gillete India Limited) - a joint venture with The Gillette Company of U.S.A. for razor blades and shaving related products, Duracell India Pvt. Ltd - a joint venture with Duracell International, Inc., for alkaline batteries, Simon India Ltd. - a joint venture with Simon Carves of U.K. for process engineering, Indian Furniture Products Ltd. - a joint venture with Seribo of France for Ready-To-Assemble furniture. Mr. Saroj Poddar is the Chairman of these joint ventures.

118 Besides above, Mr. Poddar is the Chairman of Alstom Ltd. and Alstom (India) Ltd. He is also the Chairman of Singer India Limited a subsidiary of The Singer N.V. of U.S.A.

Mr. Poddar is on the Board of leading Public Limited Companies and is the Vice Chairman of Texmaco Limited and Director of Zuari Industries Ltd., Chambal Fertilisers & Chemicals Ltd. and Essar Shipping Ltd, Sri Vishnu Cement Limited, Zuari Cement Limited.

Internationally, Mr. Poddar is on the Board of Gillette Management, Boston Indo Maroc Phosphore Company, SA of Morocco, a joint venture between Chambal Fertilisers and Chemicals Ltd. and Offi ce Cherifi en Des Phosphates (OCP) of Morocco and The Singer N.V.

A past President of Indian Chamber of Commerce, Mr. Poddar was a Member of the Local Board of Reserve Bank of India. Mr. Poddar has also served on the Board of Governors of Indian Institute of Technology, Khargpur for a long time. He is also President of All India Organisation of Employer’s (AIOE).

Mr. Habil F. Khorakiwala Vice President Habil F. Khorakiwala, is the Chairman of Wockhardt Limited one of the leading Indian Pharmaceutical and Healthcare companies in India.

Mr. Khorakiwala holds a Masters Degree in Pharmaceutical Science from the Purdue University, USA and is an alumni of the Harvard Business School, USA.

Under the dynamic stewardship of Mr. Khorakiwala, Wockhardt has grown to be one of the top pharmaceutical companies in India employing more than 4500 people, spread over 9 plants and 12 offi ces worldwide. Wockhardt is among India’s largest research-oriented and globally competitive pharmaceutical companies. Wockhardt’s presence covers more than 90 countries across the globe. Today, Wockhardt has businesses ranging from the manufacture and marketing of pharmaceutical formulations, bulk drugs, vaccines, medical nutrition and animal health products and hospitals. A front-runner in biotechnology, Wockhardt has an active multi-disciplinary R&D programme employing over 400 scientists. Its new drug discovery programme, started about four years ago, has yielded lead molecules, one of which is under Human (Phase-I) clinical trials. Wockhardt recently launched India’s fi rst recombinant human insulin, making India the fi rst Asian country to develop, manufacture and market the product. It is the world’s 4th producer of Insulin. The President of India Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam recently inaugurated the Wockhardt Biotech Park, India’s largest biopharmaceutical complex with six dedicated manufacturing plants at Aurangabad. The Rs 200-crore state-of-the- art biopharmaceutical complex, spread over 3 lakh square feet, has capacities to cater to 10% to 15% of the global demand for major biopharmaceuticals.

Wockhardt has made various successful acquisition - Most recent being the acquisition of the German company Esparma. With its acquisition of the UK Company C P Pharmaceuticals with 450 people and a sales turnover of pound 34 Million (roughly Rs 256 crores) Wockhardt becomes the No. 1 Indian Pharmaceutical Company and one of the Top 10 Generic Pharmaceutical Companies in UK. Wockhardt has also alliances with Companies in many other countries.

119 For his contribution to Indian business and industry, Khorakiwala has received many prestigious awards. • The Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award for 2004 in the `Healthcare and Life Sciences’ category. • Award for `Excellence as Top CEO’ for the year 2002 from the Institute of Marketing & Management (IMM), New Delhi, at the 29th World Marketing Congress. • Awarded the Life Time Achievement Award by the International Medical Integration Council • Awarded the Giants International Award 2003 for Business and Industry

Mr. Khorakiwala has been a Non-Offi cial Director on the Board of Directors of Union Bank of India; and is a Member of the Board of Governors, Centre for Organisation Development at Hyderabad

Mr Yogendra Kumar Modi Immediate Past President Born on 10th January 1948, Mr. Yogendra Kr. Modi (B.sc. - Textile Engineering) is the Chairman of YKM Holdings, a leading business group of India. The Group has its roots in the House of Modis, a highly respected conglomerate that has collaborated with world leaders in technology and contributed to the economic development of India for over six decades. Mr. Modi has conceived implemented and operated several large projects in the areas of industrial chemicals, cement, textiles, electronics and auto components.

An engineer by profession, Mr. Modi’s current business interests are coal-bed methane exploration, industrial B2B portals, industrial publications, radiopaging services, call centers and other value-added Telecommunication Services. He serves as Chairman on the Board of Directors of Modi Telecommunication Ltd. which is a Radio Paging Service provider in eight major cities of India Call Centres and other value added Telecommunication Services. He also serves as Chairman for Great Eastern Energy Corporation Ltd. and Indianpurchase.com Infoware Ltd. which runs two B2B portals www. indianpurchase.com & www. indiatradeshow.com. He is the moving spirit behind the diversifi cation programs in various sunrise industries.

His Public life includes being members of several advisory committees and working groups : • Member of the Dean’s Council, John F.Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University (USA). • Member, Executive Committee, Standing Advisory Committee ; Chairman, Banking & Finance Committee, Ex-Chairman, Foreign Trade Committee of Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI), New Delhi. • Committee Member, International Chamber of Commerce-India • Chairman, Indian Section, India-Canada joint Business Council • President, Indian Paging Services Association (IPSA) • Past President, AMAI, AIOE, POLUSA • Ex-Chairman, ICMA (NR), Indo-French JBC (Indian Section) • Ex-Member, Managing/ Executive Committees, CMA, NITRA, NICTMA, PHDCCI • Member/ Ex-member of governing bodies/ Study groups of various ministries, LIC, IFCI, ICRIER, IIS, IMPR, many other Institutions/ NGOs, etc. • Ex-Director, Delhi & District Cricket Association. • Past President, Rotary Club, Modinagar (UP).

Mr Modi is also active in social causes, a keen golfer and promoter of sports & sporting events

120 Dr. Amit Mitra Secretary General Dr Amit Mitra did his Masters in Economics from Delhi School of Economics in 1970 and further attained the Doctorate Degree in Economics from Duke University, USA in 1978. Later he taught in major Universities in the United States over a decade and received the prestigious Sears-Roebuck Foundation Award for Distinguished Teaching, 1990. Furthermore, he has wide Post Doctoral Research experience as senior consultant and has undertaken many commissioned research projects of importance from various national and international organizations.

He is on the Board of Directors of Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)- the largest steel manufacturer of India, on the Board of GAIL (India) Limited - the largest Gas infrastructure company of India, on the Board of Principal Pnb Asset Management, on the Board of Bata India Limited, he is also a Member on the Advisory Board of The India Fund of The Unit Trust of India (UTI), Member, Central Advisory Committee, Central Electricity Regulatory Commission, Member, Central Listing Authority, established by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), Member, Life Insurance Council, Member of the “India-China Eminent Persons Group” from the Indian side, and Member, Advisory Committee to Union Commerce Minister of India on International Trade (WTO), and Member of the “Indo - EU Roundtable” from the Indian side (initiated by Government of India and the EU). He was appointed in the two-member Committee by the Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance, Govt. of India for suggesting Alternative Scheme of Collecting Excise Duties. He is a member of the Committee on Public-Private Partnership in the area of Defence, constituted by the Government of India. He is also represented on various sectoral Committees/ Sub-Groups constituted by the National Manufacturing Competitive Council and the Planning Commission. He was also the Chairman of the Radio Broadcast Policy Committee, set up in the recent past, by the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, Government of India.

121 20. About India

INDIA AT A GLANCE

India is a Union of States with a Parliamentary System of Government Land area: 3.29 million square kilometers Capital: New Delhi Population: 1.027 billion (March 1, 2001) Climate: mainly tropical with temperature ranging from 10° - 40° C in most parts Time zone: GMT + 51⁄2 hours Major international airports: New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bangalore, Hyderbad, Thiruvananthapuram Major ports of entry: Chennai, Ennore, Haldia, Jawaharlal Nehru, Kolkata, Kandla, Kochi, Mormugao, Mumbai, New Mangalore, Paradip, Tuticorin and Vizag

BASIC ECONOMIC STATISTICS

GDP at current prices Rs. 27,721 billion (2003-4) GDP (PPP) = US $2900 billion (2003) GDP growth rate: 2003-04 : 8.2% 2004-05 :6.9% (estimated) Exchange rate: Rs.43.7 = 1$ (as on Feb 9, 2005) Foreign Exchange reserves: US$ 140 billion Exports: 2003-2004 : US$ 61.7 billion 2004-2005 : US$ 60.75 billion (April-January) Growth Rate: 25.55% Imports: 2003-2004 : US$ 75.4 billion 2004-2005 : US$ 83.44 billion (April-January) Growth Rate: 34.72%

122 OPTIONS FOR FOREIGN INVESTORS

ENTRY OPTION • A foreign company planning to set up business operations in India has the following options: As an Incorporated Entity i) By incorporating a company under the Companies Act, 1956 through - Joint Ventures; or - Wholly Owned Subsidiaries Foreign equity in such Indian companies can be up to 100% depending on the requirements of the investors, subject to equity caps in respect of the area of activities under the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policy.

As an Unincorporated Entity ii) As a foreign Company through - Liaison Offi ce/Representative Offi ce - Project Offi ce - Branch Offi ce Such offi ces can undertake activities permitted under the Foreign Exchange Management (Establishment in India of branch or offi ce of other place of business) Regulations, 2000.

Incorporation of Company • For registration and incorporation, an application has to be fi led with Registrar of Companies (ROC). Once a company has been duly registered and incorporated as an Indian company, it is subjected to Indian laws and regulations as applicable to other domestic Indian companies.

For details, please visit the website of Ministry of Company Affairs at http://dca.nic.in

Liaison Offi ce/ Representative Offi ce • The role of the liaison offi ce is limited to collecting information about possible market opportunities and providing information and its products to prospective Indian customers. It can promote export/import from/to India and also facilitate technical/fi nancial collaboration between parent company and companies in India. Liaison offi ces cannot undertake any commercial activity directly or indirectly and cannot, therefore, earn any income in India. Approval for establishing a liaison offi ce in India is granted by Reserve Bank of India (RBI).

Project Offi ce • Foreign Companies planning to execute specifi c projects in India can set up temporary project or site offi ces in India. RBI has now granted general permission to foreign entities to establish Project Offi ces subjected to specifi c conditions. Such offi ces cannot undertake or carry on any activity other than the activity relating and incidental to execution of the project. When permission has been granted by the RBI, Project Offi ces may remit the surplus of the project on its completion outside India.

123 Branch Offi ce • Foreign companies engaged in manufacturing and trading activities abroad are allowed to set up Branch Offi ces in India for the following purposes: (i) Export and Import of goods. (ii) Rendering professional or consultancy services. (iii) Carrying out research work, in which the parent company is engaged. (iv) Promoting technical or fi nancial collaborations between Indian companies and parent or overseas group company. (v) Representing the parent company in India and acting as buying or selling agents in India. (vi) Rendering services in Information Technology and development of software in India. (vii) Rendering technical support to the products supplies by the parent or group companies. (viii) Foreign airline or shipping company.

Permission for setting up branch offi ces is granted by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Approved Branch Offi ces may remit the profi t of the branch after the application of Indian taxes and subjected to RBI guidelines.

Branch Offi ce on “Stand Alone Basis” in SEZ • Such Branch offi ces would be isolated and restricted to the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) alone and no business activity or transaction will be allowed outside the SEZs in India, which include branches/subsidiaries of its parent offi ce in India. No approval shall be necessary from RBI for a company to establish a branch/unit in SEZs to undertake manufacturing and service activities subjected to specifi ed conditions. Application for setting up Liaison Offi ce/ Project Offi ce/ Branch Offi ce may be submitted in form FNC 1 (available at RBI website at www.rbi.org.in)

Options for NRIs Non Residents have few more options as indicated below. Investment in a fi rm or a proprietary concern by NRIs • A Non-Resident Indian or a Person of Indian Origin resident outside India may invest by way of contribution to the capital of a fi rm or a proprietary concern in India on non-repatriation basis provided, i) Amount is invested by inward remittance or out of NRE/FCNR/NRO account maintained with AD ii) The fi rm or proprietary concern is not engaged in any agricultural/plantation or real estate business i.e. dealing in land and immovable property with a view to earning profi t or earning income there from. iii) Amount invested shall not be eligible for repatriation outside India. NRIs/PIO may invest in sole proprietorship concerns/ partnership fi rms with repatriation benefi ts with the approval of Government/RBI.

124 Investment in a fi rm or a proprietary concern by other than NRIs • No person resident outside India other than NRIs/PIO shall make any investment by way of contribution to the capital of a fi rm or a proprietorship concern or any association of persons in India. The RBI may, on an application made to it, permit a person resident outside India to make such investment subjected to such terms and conditions as may be considered necessary.

Please contact: (i) Joint Secretary Secretariat for Industrial Assistance Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion Government of India Tel: 011-2301 1983 Fax: 011-2301 1034 Website: www.dipp.nic.in

(ii) Reserve Bank of India Foreign Investment Division Shaheed, Bhagat Singh Road, Mumbai – 400 001, India Tel: 91-22-2266 5330 Fax: 91-22-2266 1603 Website: www.rbi.org.in

(iii) Registrar of Companies Ministry of Company Affairs Government of India, B Block, 2nd Floor, Paryavaran Bhavan, CGO Complex, New Delhi – 110 003 Tel: 91-11-2436 2708 Website: http://dca.nic.in

Taxation in India Taxation System in India • India has a well developed tax structure. The main taxes or duties that the Union Government is empowered to levy are Income Tax (except tax on agricultural income, which the State Governments can levy), Customs duties, Central Excise and Sales Tax and Service Tax. The principal taxes levied by the State Governments are Sales Tax, Stamp duty, State Excise Land Revenue, Tax on Professions, etc.

Since 1991 tax system in India has undergone a radical change, in line with liberal economic policy. Some changes are: • Reduction in customs and excise duties • Lowering corporate Tax • Widening of the tax base and toning up the tax administration

125 Personal Income Tax

• Individual tax slabs are 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% for annual incomes up to Rs.50, 000, 50,001-60,000, 60,001-150,000 and above 150,000. A surcharge of 10% of tax is levied on income exceeding Rs.850, 000.

In the budget proposal for 2005-06, tax slabs proposed are Rs.100, 000-150,000, 150,000-250,000 and above 250,000 with 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% tax respectively.

• Withholding tax rates for payment to non-residents are determined by the Finance Act passed by the parliament for each year. The current rates are: (i) Interest 20% (ii) Dividends Dividends paid by domestic companies: Nil (iii) Royalties 20% (iv) Technical Services 20% (v) Any Other Services : Individuals 30% of the income Companies: 40% of the net profi t

The above rates are general and in respect of countries with which India does not have a Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA).

General Tax Incentives For Industries • Tax holidays in the form of deductions are available for various types of investments. These include incentives to priority sectors and incentives to industries located in special area/ regions.

Infrastructure Sectors • Tax incentives available for those engaged in development of infrastructure are listed below:

Deduction of 100% of the profi ts from business for a period of 10 years for i) Development or operation and maintenance of ports, airports, roads, highways, bridges, rail systems, inland waterways, inland ports, water supply projects, water treatment systems, irrigation projects, sanitation and sewage projects, solid waste management systems. ii) Generation, distribution and transmission of power which commence before 31.3.2006. iii) Development, operation and maintenance of an Industrial Park or Special Economic Zone before 31.3.2006.

Capital Gains On Infrastructure Funds • Income by way of dividend, interest, or long-term capital gain of an infrastructure capital company or an infrastructure capital fund is 100% tax-exempt. Income of venture capital company or venture capital fund set up to raise funds for investment in a venture capital undertaking is also tax-exempt.

Backward Areas / Regions • Special packages for special category offer the following:

North Eastern States & Sikkim (a) Deduction of 100% of profi ts derived by undertakings set up in certain notifi ed areas or in certain thrust sector industries in the North-Eastern States and the State of Sikkim, for a period of ten years.

Uttaranchal & Himachal Pradesh (b) Deduction of 100% of profi ts derived by undertakings set up in certain notifi ed areas or in certain thrust sector industries in the States of Uttaranchal and Hamachal Pradesh for the First fi ve years and 25% (30% in the case of companies) for the next fi ve years.

126 Special Schemes • Units located in specifi c zones have the following tax exemptions:

EHTP & STP Units (a) Deduction of 100% of profi ts, derived from export of articles or things or computer software is available for undertakings set up in Free Trade Zones, Electronic Hardware Technology Parks, Software Technology Parks for 10 years, up to 31.3.2009.

Special Economic Zones (SEZ) (b) Deduction of 100% of profi ts, derived from export of articles or things or computer software is available for undertakings set up in Special Economic Zones (SEZs) for a period of fi ve years followed by 50% for the next two years. An additional deduction of 50% of the profi ts credited to a reserve account to be utilized for the purposes of the business is also available to such undertakings for the next three years.

Export Oriented Units (EOUs) (c) Deduction of 100% of profi ts, derived from export of articles or things or computer software is available for 100% Export Oriented Units for ten years, up to 31.3.2009.

Banking Unit in SEZ (d) Deduction of 100% of income of an offshore banking unit situated in a Special Economic Zone from business activities with undertakings located in the Special Economic Zone, for a period of three years followed by 50% of such income for the next two years.

Specifi c Sectors • Tax incentives for certain specifi ed sectors are also available as explained below:

Multiplex Theaters & Convention Centers (a) Deduction of 50% of profi ts derived from the business of building, owning and operation of multiplex theatres or convention centers constructed before 31.3.2005, for a period of fi ve years.

Building Housing Projects (b) Deduction of 100% of profi ts derived by undertakings engaged in the businesses of developing and building housing projects which are approved by the local authority before 31.3.2005.

Handling, Storage and Transportation of Food Grains (c) Deduction of 100% of profi ts derived by an undertaking from the integrated business of handling, storage and transportation of food grains for the fi rst fi ve years and 25% (30% in the case of companies) for the next fi ve years.

Refi ning of Mineral Oil (d) Deduction of 100% of profi ts derived by an undertaking engaged in the commercial production or refi ning of mineral oil for a period of 7 years.

Export of Wood-Based Handicraft (e) Deduction of 100% of profi ts derived from export of wood-based handicraft is available to undertakings up to 31.3.2009.

127 Double Taxation Relief • India has entered into Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA) with 65 countries including U.S.A., U.K., Japan, France, Germany, etc. The tax rates determined by such agreements are indicated for various countries as under:

Tax Rates Country Dividends Interest Royalties % % % Australia 15 15 15 Austria 20 20 30 Bangladesh 15 10 10 Belarus 15 10 15 Belgium 15 15 20 Brazil 15 15 15 Bulgaria 15 15 20 Canada 25 15 10 China 10 10 10 Cyprus 15 10 15 Czechoslovakia 20 15 30 Czech Republic 10 10 10 Denmark 20 15 20 Egypt 20 20 30 Finland 15 10 20 France 10 15 10/20 Germany 10 10 10 Greece 20 20 30 Hungary 15 15 30 Indonesia 15 10 15 Israel 10 10 10 Italy 20 15 20 Japan 15 15 20 Jordan 10 10 20 Kazakhstan 10 10 10 Kenya 15 15 20 Korea 20 15 15 Kyrgyzstan 10 10 15 Libya 20 20 30 Malaysia 20 20 30 Malta 15 10 15 Mauritius 15 20 15 Mongolia 15 15 15 Morocco 10 10 10 Namibia 10 10 10 Nepal 15 15 15 Netherlands 10 10 10

128 New Zealand 15 10 10 Norway 15 15 30 Oman 12.5 10 15 Philippines 20 15 15 Poland 15 15 22.5 Portugal 15 10 10 Qatar 10 10 10 Romania 20 15 22.5 Russian Federation 10 10 10 Singapore 15 15 15 South Africa 10 10 10 Spain 15 15 20 Sri Lanka 15 10 10 Sweden 10 10 10 Switzerland 15 15 20 Syria 0 7.5 10 Tanzania 15 12.5 20 Thailand 20 20 15 Trinidad and Tobago 10 10 10 Turkey 15 15 15 Turkmenistan 10 10 10 United Arab Emirates 15 12.5 10 United Kingdom 15 15 15 United States 20 15 15 Uzbekistan 15 15 15 Vietnam 10 10 10 Zambia 15 10 10 Non treaty countries 0 20 20

Authority for Advance Ruling • With a view to avoid a dispute in respect of assessment of income-tax liability in the case of a non-resident (and also specifi ed categories of residents), a Scheme of Advance Ruling was incorporated in the Income tax Act. TheAuthority for Advance ruling (AAR) pronounces rulings on the applications of the non-resident/residents submitted and such rulings are binding both on the applicant and the Income-Tax Department. Thus, the applicant can avoid expensive and time consuming litigation which would have arisen from normal income tax assessment proceedings. The application in such cases should be addressed to The Commissioner of Income-Tax, authority of Advance Rulings, 5th Floor, N.D.M.C Building, Yashwant Place, Satya Marg, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi – 110021.

129 For enquiries, please contact: (i) Joint Secretary Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion, Government of India Tel: 011-2301 1983 Fax: 011-2301 1034 E-mail: [email protected]

(ii) Deputy Secretary Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion, Government of India Tel: +91-11-2301-4218 Fax: +91-11-2301 1770 Website: www.dipp.nic.in

(iii) Chairman Central Board of Direct Tax North Block, New Delhi – 110 001 Tel: +91-11-2309 2648, Fax: +91-11-2309 2544 Websites: http://incometaxindia.gov.in

(iv) Chairman Central Board of Excise & Customs North Block, New Delhi – 110 001 Tel: +91-11-2309 2849 Fax: +91-11-2309 6475 Websites: http://fi nmin.nic.in http://www.cbec.gov.in

Incorporation of Company in India The incorporation of a company in India is governed by the Companies Act, 1956.It extends to the whole of India and Part II of the Act deal with the incorporation of a company and matters related to.

Private Company Private company means a company which has a minimum paid-up capital of one lakh rupees or such higher paid-up capital as may be prescribed, and by its articles, (a) restricts the right to transfer its shares, if any ; (b) limits the number of its members to fi fty, not including (i) persons who are in the employment of the company; and (ii) persons who, having been formerly in the employment of the company, were members of the company while in that employment have continued to be members after the employment ceased; and (c) prohibits any invitation to the public to subscribe for any shares in, or debentures of, the company; (d) prohibits any invitation or acceptance of deposits from persons other than its members, directors or their relatives.

Public Company A public company is a company which is not a private company and has a minimum paid-up capital of fi ve lakh rupees or such higher paid-up capital, as may be prescribed; is a private company which is a subsidiary of a company which is not a private company.

Formation of a Private Limited Company A private Company can be formed either by i. incorporation of a new company for doing a new business,or ii. conversion of existing business of a sole proprietory concern or partnership fi rm into a company.

130 Name of Company The name of a corporation is the symbol of its personal existence. Any suitable name may be selected, subject, however, to specifi ed conditions.

The following guidelines would be followed while applying for registration of name of the company: • The promoters should select three to four alternative names, quite distinct from each other. • The names should include, as far as possible, activity as per the main objects of the proposed company. • The names should not too closely resemble with the name of any other registered company. • The offi cial guidelines issued by the Central Government should be followed while selecting the names. Besides, the names selected should not violate the provisions of the Emblems and Names (Prevention of Improper Use) Act, 1950. • Apply in form 1-A to the Registrar of Companies having jurisdiction along with a fi ling fee of RS. 500.

Memorandum of Association An important step in the formation of a company is to prepare a document called Memorandum of Association. It is the charter of the company and it contains the basic conditions on which the company is incorporated.

The Memorandum contains the name, the State in which the registered offi ce is to be situated, main objects of the company pursued by the company on its incorporation and objects, liability of the members and the authorized capital of the company. The main purpose of the memorandum is to state the scope of activities and powers of the company.

Articles of Association Articles of Association of the company contain rules, regulation and bye-laws for the general management of the company. It is compulsory to get the Articles of Associations registered along with the Memorandum of Association in case of a private company. The Articles are subordinate to the Memorandum of Association. Therefore, the Articles should not contain any regulation, which is contrary to provisions of the Memorandum or the Companies Act. The Articles are binding on the members in relation to the company as well as on the company in its relation to members.

Registration of Company and Issue of Capital After completion of the preliminaries as enumerated, the application with necessary documents are required to befi led with the Registrar of Companies of the State in which the company is proposed to be incorporated. These include: (1) Memorandum of Association (duly stamped) and a duplicate thereof. (2) Articles of Association (duly stamped) and a duplicate thereof. (3) The agreement, if any, which the company proposes to enter into with any individual for appointments as its managing or whole time director or manager. (4) A copy of the letter of the Registrar of Companies intimating the availability of the proper name. (5) Documents evidencing payment of prescribed registration and fi ling fee, i.e. a bank draft or a treasury receipt. (6) Documents evidencing the directorship and situation of Registered Offi ce in Form 32 and Form 18 respectively and declaration of compliance with requirements of the Companies Act in Form No.1 and Form 29 for giving consent to act as a Director incase of public company be also given.

131 Registration Fee The amount of registration fee payable is regulated with reference to the amount of authorized capital of the proposed company.

Certifi cate of Incorporation Once the company has complied with all requirements as per the Companies Act and the relevant rules, the Registrar will register the company and issue a Certificate of Incorporation of company, which confirms the compliance with the requirements of the Companies Act in regard to registration of a company. It brings the company into existence as a legal entity.

Issue of Share Capital After obtaining registration, the company proceeds with its business for which it requires funds. In case of a private company, the capital is to be raised by way of private arrangements whereas a Public Ltd company can raise funds from the public. First of all, the company will issue shares to the subscribers to its memorandum and other members of the company. The issued capital must not exceed the authorized capital of the company.

It is necessary for a public limited company to obtain the Certifi cate of Commencement of Business before commencing the business.

For more details, please contact Ministry of Company Affairs at http://www.dca.nic.in.

132 Products/Services Index

3D Design Capabilities Automation - Customized Machines Amould Plastic Industries Pte Ltd······························21, 218 ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd······························170, 171, 220

Academic - Colleges & Universities Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts··········Facing Content Page, 8, 233 Automation - Field Bus Components Lumberg Asia Pacific Pte Ltd······························198, 199, 231 Advocates & Solicitors Rodyk & Davidson···········································1, 67, 236 Automation - Metrology Instruments Optical Gaging Pte Ltd ························Divider Editorial, 12, 234 Aeronautics & Astronautics Interhorizon Corporation Pte Ltd ·······················192, 193, 229 Automation - Software ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd······························170, 171, 220 Aluminium LHL International Pte Ltd ·····Divider Products/Services Index, 250 Automation - Systems & Equipment ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd······························170, 171, 220 Antistatic - Gloves & Garments Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd································200, 201, 232 Automation Solutions for WEDM, EDM and Vertical Milling Machines Antistatic - Mats Agie Charmilles SEA Pte Ltd Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd································200, 201, 232 ················Divider Company Listing, 213 & Front Cover Logo, 217 Automotive Antistatic - Shoes Optical Gaging Pte Ltd ························Divider Editorial, 12, 234 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd································200, 201, 232 Automotives - Aluminium Die Cast Mould Antistatic - Tape Adhesives Express Tech Manufacturing Pte Ltd ·····················182, 183, 225 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd································200, 201, 232 Automotives - Magnesium Die Cast Mould Aprons Express Tech Manufacturing Pte Ltd ·····················182, 183, 225 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd································200, 201, 232 Automotives - Metal Injection Mould Architecture of Buildings Express Tech Manufacturing Pte Ltd ·····················182, 183, 225 DP Architects Pte Ltd ················Inside Back Cover, 178, 179, 223 & Front Cover Logo Automotives - Plastic Injection Mould Express Tech Manufacturing Pte Ltd ·····················182, 183, 225 Architectural Design Surbana International Consultants Pte Ltd Bags - Antistatic ··········Divider Corporate Profile, 68, 162, 241 & Front Cover Logo Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd··································200, 201, 232

Auditorium Bags - Moisture Barrier RELC International Hotel···································10, 11, 236 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd··································200, 201, 232

Automated Inspection Systems Bags - Static Shielding ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd····························170, 171, 220 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd··································200, 201, 232

Automation - Carbide Toolings Barcode Equipments & Supplies Panther Precision Tools Pte Ltd ·············Divider Editorial, 13, 235 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd··································200, 201, 232

Automation - Connectors Barcode Printers Lumberg Asia Pacific Pte Ltd·····························198, 199, 231 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd··································200, 201, 232

Automation - Consultants Barcode Scanners ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd·····························170, 171, 220 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd··································200, 201, 232

133 Products/Services Index Biomedical - Medical Inspection Cleanroom - Equipment & Supplies Wavelength Technology (S) Pte Ltd···························216, 244 ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd·····························170, 171, 220

Biomedical - Scanner & Medical Laser Cleanroom - Equipments & Supplies Wavelength Technology (S) Pte Ltd···························216, 244 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232

Biomedical - Surgical Optical Goggles Cleanroom - Notebooks Wavelength Technology (S) Pte Ltd···························216, 244 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232

Caps - Disposable Cleanroom - Paper Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232

CAD-CAM Facility - Autocad Cleanroom - Wipers Amould Plastic Industries Pte Ltd·······························21, 218 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232

CAD-CAM Facility - Cadkey Computer & Peripherals Amould Plastic Industries Pte Ltd·······························21, 218 Interhorizon Corporation Pte Ltd ·························192, 193, 229

CAD-CAM Facility - Pro - Engineers Conference & Events Amould Plastic Industries Pte Ltd·······························21, 218 RELC International Hotel····································10, 11, 236

CAD-CAM Facility - Unigraphics Conferences & Exhibition Organizers Amould Plastic Industries Pte Ltd·······························21, 218 Singapore Exhibition Services Pte Ltd ······························Divider Products/Services Index, 251, 239 Cargo Operations Air-India Pte Ltd···········································164, 165, 218 Consolidation Services Hitachi Transport System (Asia) Pte Ltd·················188, 189, 227 Civil & Structural Engineering Surbana International (Consultants) Pte Ltd Construction Resources & Facilities Management ············Divider Corporate Profile, 68, 162, 241 & Front Cover Logo Surbana International (Consultants) Pte Ltd ············Divider Corporate Profile, 68, 162, 241 & Front Cover Logo Clean Room Equipment Moving Hitachi Transport System (Asia) Pte Ltd·················188, 189, 227 Consultancy - Basic Planning Sembcorp Engineers & Constructors Pte Ltd ···········202, 203, 237 Cleanroom Conveyors ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd·····························170, 171, 220 Consultancy - Concept Design Sembcorp Engineers & Constructors Pte Ltd ···········202, 203, 237 Cleanroom Equipment & Supplies ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd·····························170, 171, 220 Consultancy - Detailed Engineering Design Sembcorp Engineers & Constructors Pte Ltd ···········202, 203, 237 Cleanroom Equipment & Supplies Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Consultancy - Facilities Management Sembcorp Engineers & Constructors Pte Ltd ···········202, 203, 237 Cleanroom Notebooks Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Consultancy - Feasibility Studies Sembcorp Engineers & Constructors Pte Ltd ···········202, 203, 237 Cleanroom Paper Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Consultancy - Master Planning Sembcorp Engineers & Constructors Pte Ltd ···········202, 203, 237 Cleanroom Wipers Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Consultancy - Project & Construction Management Sembcorp Engineers & Constructors Pte Ltd ···········202, 203, 237 Cleanroom - Conveyors ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd·····························170, 171, 220

134 Products/Services Index Consumables & Wear Parts for WEDM and Electronics - Electrical Installation Accessories EDM Machines Lumberg Asia Pacific Pte Ltd······························198, 199, 231 Agie Charmilles SEA Pte Ltd ···············Divider Company Listing, 213, 217 & Front Cover Logo Electronics - Enterprise Resource Planning iDimension System Pte Ltd ·······························190, 191, 228 Consumer Electronics Interhorizon Corporation Pte Ltd ·························192, 193, 229 Electronics - Laser Optics Wavelength Technology (S) Pte Ltd····························216, 244 Customs Brokerage Hitachi Transport System (Asia) Pte Ltd·················188, 189, 227 Electronics - Leadframes Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Disposable Products Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Electronics - Magnesium Die Cast Mould Express Tech Manufacturing Pte Ltd·····················182, 183, 225 Distribution of Electric Components 3D Industrial Electronic Pte Ltd ·····································217 Electronics - Manufacturing Intelligence iDimension System Pte Ltd ·······························190, 191, 228 Distribution of Test Equipment 3D Industrial Electronic Pte Ltd ·····································217 Electronics - Manufacturing IT Solutions iDimension System Pte Ltd ·······························190, 191, 228 Distributor for Semiconductors & Electronic Components Electronics - Metal - Die Castings J.P. Electronics Pte Ltd ··············································229 Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240

EDM Machining Centers Electronics - Metal Injection Mould Agie Charmilles SEA Pte Ltd Express Tech Manufacturing Pte Ltd·····················182, 183, 225 ···············Divider Company Listing, 213, 217 & Front Cover Logo Electronics - Plastic Injection Mould Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Components Express Tech Manufacturing Pte Ltd·····················182, 183, 225 Glocom Marketing Pte Ltd································184, 185, 226 Electronics - Plastics - Hot Runner Systems Electronics Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Optical Gaging Pte Ltd ························Divider Editorial, 12, 234 Electronics - Precision Carbide Toolings Electronics - Aluminium Die Cast Mould Panther Precision Tools Pte Ltd ··············Divider Editorial, 13, 235 Express Tech Manufacturing Pte Ltd·····················182, 183, 225 Electronics - Printed Circuit Boards Electronics - Cable Termination Accessories Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Lumberg Asia Pacific Pte Ltd······························198, 199, 231 Electronics - Electronics - Cables & Wires Research & Development - Laser Optics & Spare Parts Lumberg Asia Pacific Pte Ltd······························198, 199, 231 Wavelength Technology (S) Pte Ltd····························216, 244

Electronics - Carbide Toolings Electronics - SCADA System / CIM / Cell Controller Panther Precision Tools Pte Ltd ··············Divider Editorial, 13, 235 iDimension System Pte Ltd ·······························190, 191, 228

Electronics - Clean Room Equipment & Products Electronics - Shop Floor Scheduling Solutions Cesstech (S) Pte Ltd······································174, 175, 222 iDimension System Pte Ltd ·······························190, 191, 228

Electronics - Connectors Electronics - SPC Systems Lumberg Asia Pacific Pte Ltd······························198, 199, 231 iDimension System Pte Ltd ·······························190, 191, 228

Electronics - Die-Sinker EDM Systems Mitsubishi Electric Asia Pte Ltd······Divider Corporate Profile, 163, 233

135 Products/Services Index Electronics - Surface Treatment, Finishing, Coating Environmental - Plastic Scrap Trading and Related Services - Chemical Pumps KK Asia Holding Pte Ltd ·································196, 197, 230 Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Environmental - Plastics Recycling Electronics - Surface Treatment, Finishing, Coating KK Asia Holding Pte Ltd ·································196, 197, 230 and Related Services - General Metal Parts Electroplating / Plastics Plating Environmental - Plastics Reprocessing Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 KK Asia Holding Pte Ltd ·································196, 197, 230

Electronics - Surface Treatment, Finishing, Coating Equipments - and Related Services - Electronic Components Semiconductor, PCB, Hard Disk Drive & Electronics Electroplating Epomid Chemical & Machinery Pte Ltd·················180, 181, 224 Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Equipments - Semiconductors & PCB Electronics - Surface Treatment, Finishing, Coating Epomid Chemical & Machinery Pte Ltd·················180, 181, 224 and Related Services - General Metal Parts Electroplating / Galvanizing Facemasks Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232

Electronics - Surface Treatment, Finishing, Coating Factory Logistics Control and Related Services - Plating Rectifiers Hitachi Transport System (Asia) Pte Ltd·················188, 189, 227 Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Fashion House Electronics - Surface Treatment, Finishing, Coating Acearchers Corporation Pte Ltd ··································217 and Related Services - Heating Elements, Sensors & Instrumentation Feasibility Studies Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Surbana International (Consultants) Pte Ltd ············Divider Corporate Profile, 68, 162, 241 & Front Cover Logo Electronics - Wire Cut EDM Systems Mitsubishi Electric Asia Pte Ltd······Divider Corporate Profile, 163, 233 Finance & Logistics Solutions Wilson International Trading Pte Limited·······················25, 244 Electronics Componenet Supplier Singapore Kyoden Pte Ltd····································· 239, 246 Food Processing Supplies Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 EMI Shielding Materials Glocom Marketing Pte Ltd································184, 185, 226 Fuel Supply Chain Management Wilson International Trading Pte Limited·······················25, 244 EMS Prototyping Singapore Kyoden Pte Ltd····································· 239, 246 Glazing LHL International Pte Ltd ·····Divider Products/Services Index, 231, 250 Engineering & Construction - Civil Engineering Sembcorp Engineers & Constructors Pte Ltd ···········202, 203, 237 Global Freight Forwarder Hitachi Transport System (Asia) Pte Ltd·················188, 189, 227 Engineering & Construction - Front-End Engineering Sembcorp Engineers & Constructors Pte Ltd ···········202, 203, 237 Gloves Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Engineering & Construction - Process Engineering Sembcorp Engineers & Constructors Pte Ltd ···········202, 203, 237 Gloves - Disposable Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Environmental - Micro contamination & ESD Solutions Gloves - Chemical Resistance Cesstech (S) Pte Ltd······································174, 175, 222 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232

136 Products/Services Index Gloves - Household Info Comms Technology - Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Metal Injection Mould Express Tech Manufacturing Pte Ltd·····················182, 183, 225 Gloves - Medical, Surgical Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Info Comms Technology - Plastic Injection Mould Gloves - Nitrile Express Tech Manufacturing Pte Ltd·····················182, 183, 225 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Information & Communication Tech Gloves - Plastic Acearchers Corporation Pte Ltd ···································217 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Insurance & Claims Consultants Gloves - Rubber Mutual Insurance Service Pte Ltd ·································233 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 In House Mold Polishing Services Gloves - Vinyl Amould Plastic Industries Pte Ltd·······························21, 218 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Industrial Ovens Hardware & Steel Products - Gratings Silicon Industrial Equipment Pte Ltd·····················204, 205, 238 Hiap Chuan Hardware (Pte) Ltd··························186, 187, 227 Interior Design of Building Spaces Hardware & Steel Products - Hardware DP Architects Pte Ltd Hiap Chuan Hardware (Pte) Ltd··························186, 187, 227 ·················Inside Back Cover, 178, 179, 223 & Front Cover Logo

Hardware & Steel Products - Iron & Steel Products Interior Design of Building Spaces Hiap Chuan Hardware (Pte) Ltd··························186, 187, 227 Surbana International (Consultants) Pte Ltd ············Divider Corporate Profile, 68, 162, 241 & Front Cover Logo Hardware & Steel Products - Mild Steel Products Hiap Chuan Hardware (Pte) Ltd··························186, 187, 227 International Hotels RELC International Hotel····································10, 11, 236 Health Products Borden Co. Pte Ltd··················Inside Front Cover, 172, 173, 220 Ionizers Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Hospital Supplies Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 IT Outsourcing Services Universal Networking Co. Pte Ltd·······························17, 243 House / Office Removal Hitachi Transport System (Asia) Pte Ltd·················188, 189, 227 Label Printing Machines Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Import/Export & Distribution of Pharmaceuticals & Personal Care Products Labelling Equipments Goldplus Universal Pte Ltd··········································227 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232

Importers, Exporters & Stockists of Labels Consumer Products Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Anjena Enterprise ··················································218 Labels - Barcode Info Comms Technology - Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Aluminium Die Cast Mould Express Tech Manufacturing Pte Ltd ····················182, 183, 225 Lamp - Magnifying Lamps Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Info Comms Technology - Magnesium Die Cast Mould Land, Sea / Air Freight Express Tech Manufacturing Pte Ltd·····················182, 183, 225 Hitachi Transport System (Asia) Pte Ltd·················188, 189, 227

137 Products/Services Index Landscaping Design Medical Applications - Metrology Instruments Surbana International (Consultants) Pte Ltd Optical Gaging Pte Ltd ·······················Divider Editorial, 12, 234 ············Divider Corporate Profile, 68, 162, 241 & Front Cover Logo Medical Applications - Plastics - Hot Runner Systems Machine Mover Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Hitachi Transport System (Asia) Pte Ltd·················188, 189, 227 Medical Applications - Surface Treatment, Finishing, Machinery - Coating and Related Services - Chemical Pumps Laser Cutting Machine, Laser Marking Machine Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Wavelength Technology (S) Pte Ltd····························216, 244 Medical Applications - Surface Treatment, Finishing, Magnesium Casting Moulds Coating and Related Services - Electronic Amould Plastic Industries Pte Ltd·······························21, 218 Components Electroplating Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Manufacturer & Designer of Packaging Materials Superpak Manufacturing Pte Ltd ···································241 Medical Applications - Surface Treatment, Finishing, Coating and Related Services - General Metal Parts Manufacturer & Supplier of Bird Ship Brand Electroplating / Galvanizing Monofilament Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Seng Chiang Enterprises ···········································238 Medical Applications - Surface Treatment, Finishing, Manufacturer & Supplier of Fishing Lines & Ropes Coating and Related Services - General Metal Parts Seng Chiang Enterprises ··········································238 Electroplating / Plastics Plating Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Manufacturers of Ferrite Cores Fair-Rite Asia Pte Ltd ·······Divider Company Lisitings, 212, 225, 245 Medical Applications - Surface Treatment, Finishing, Coating and Related Services - Heating Elements, Manufacturer of PCB Sensors & Instrumentation Interhorizon Corporation Pte Ltd ·························192, 193, 229 Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240

Manufacturing / Trading & Distribution - Ceramics Medical Applications - Surface Treatment, Finishing, White Horse Ceramic (S) Pte Ltd·························208, 209, 244 Coating and Related Services - Plating Rectifiers Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Manufacturing / Trading & Distribution - Domestic Electrical Supplies Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Juan Kuang Pte Ltd········································194, 195, 230 Surbana International (Consultants) Pte Ltd ············Divider Corporate Profile, 68, 162, 241 & Front Cover Logo Manufacturing / Trading & Distribution - Electrical & Wiring Products Medical Equipments Juan Kuang Pte Ltd········································194, 195, 230 Interhorizon Corporation Pte Ltd ·························192, 193, 229

Master Planning and Urban Design Medical Supplies Surbana International (Consultants) Pte Ltd Borden Co. Pte Ltd ··················Inside Front Cover, 172, 173, 220 ············Divider Corporate Profile, 68, 162, 241 & Front Cover Logo Medical Supplies Masks Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Medical Supplies Material Handling Equipment Optical Gaging Pte Ltd ·······················Divider Editorial, 12, 234 ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd·····························170, 171, 220 Medicinal Products Medical Applications - Metal - Die Castings Borden Co. Pte Ltd··················Inside Front Cover, 172, 173, 220 Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240

138 Products/Services Index Medicinal Supplies - Chinese Herbs Printer Ribbons Borden Co. Pte Ltd··················Inside Front Cover, 172, 173, 220 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232

Metrology / Inspection - Infrared Camera Process - Plant Start-up & Commissioning Wavelength Technology (S) Pte Ltd····························216, 244 Sembcorp Engineers & Constructors Pte Ltd ···········202, 203, 237

Metrology / Inspection - Infrared Thermagraphy Process - Validation Services Wavelength Technology (S) Pte Ltd····························216, 244 Sembcorp Engineers & Constructors Pte Ltd ···········202, 203, 237

Military Industry Productive Tools Interhorizon Corporation Pte Ltd ·························192, 193, 229 Apollo Soldering Machine Pte Ltd·····························166, 167

Oral Care Products Products - Pre-Treatment Chemical Corlison Pte Ltd·······································19, 176, 177, 222 Epomid Chemical & Machinery Pte Ltd·················180, 181, 224

Packaging - Antistatic Products Development Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Singapore Kyoden Pte Ltd····································· 239, 246

PCB Designing Professional Services - Aerospace - Singapore Kyoden Pte Ltd····································· 239, 246 Metrology Instruments Optical Gaging Pte Ltd ························Divider Editorial, 12, 234 PCB Manufacturers Singapore Kyoden Pte Ltd····································· 239, 246 Professional Services - Certification Services BSI Management Systems Pte Ltd··································15 Packing Services Hitachi Transport System (Asia) Pte Ltd·················188, 189, 227 Professional Services - Cleanroom and Clean Air Testing & Certification Pharmaceuticals Cesstech (S) Pte Ltd······································174, 175, 222 Borden Co. Pte Ltd··················Inside Front Cover, 172, 173, 220 Professional Services - Power Supply Contamination Control Testing & Studies Interhorizon Corporation Pte Ltd ·························192, 193, 229 Cesstech (S) Pte Ltd······································174, 175, 222

Precast Construction Technology Professional Services - Surbana International (Consultants) Pte Ltd ESD Survey, Audits & Testing ············Divider Corporate Profile, 68, 162, 241 & Front Cover Logo Cesstech (S) Pte Ltd······································174, 175, 222

Precision - Measuring Instruments Professional Services - Indoor Air Quality Testing ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd·····························170, 171, 220 Cesstech (S) Pte Ltd······································174, 175, 222

Precision Injection Plastic Moulding Professional Services - Amould Plastic Industries Pte Ltd·······························21, 218 Testing & Technical Support Services BSI Management Systems Pte Ltd······························15, 221 Printers - Barcode Labels Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd······································200, 201 Project Management & Site Supervision Surbana International (Consultants) Pte Ltd Precision Metal Stamping / Working ············Divider Corporate Profile, 68, 162, 241 & Front Cover Logo Optical Gaging Pte Ltd ························Divider Editorial, 12, 234 Prototyping Services Precision Plastics Moulding Singapore Kyoden Pte Ltd····································· 239, 246 Optical Gaging Pte Ltd ························Divider Editorial, 12, 234 Quantity Surveying Printed Circuit Boards Surbana International (Consultants) Pte Ltd Silicon Industrial Equipment Pte Ltd·····················204, 205, 238 ············Divider Corporate Profile, 68, 162, 241 & Front Cover Logo

139 Products/Services Index Real Estate - Business Space Management Safety Shoes Ascendas Pte Ltd··················Outside Back Cover, 168, 169, 219 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232

Real Estate Developer Sales of Air Tickets Ascendas Pte Ltd··················Outside Back Cover, 168, 169, 219 Air-India Pte Ltd ··········································164, 165, 218

Real Estate Management Science Institution Ascendas Pte Ltd··················Outside Back Cover, 168, 169, 219 Interhorizon Corporation Pte Ltd ·························192, 193, 229

Reclamation & Infrastructure Screen Printer with CCD Camera Surbana International (Consultants) Pte Ltd Silicon Industrial Equipment Pte Ltd·····················204, 205, 238 ············Divider Corporate Profile, 68, 162, 241 & Front Cover Logo Semiconductors Equipments & Materials Research & Development - Optics Design Manufacturer Wavelength Technology (S) Pte Ltd····························216, 244 Agva Technologies Pte Ltd ·········································218

Research & Development - Semiconductors Scanner & Scanning Application Optical Gaging Pte Ltd ························Divider Editorial, 12, 234 Wavelength Technology (S) Pte Ltd····························216, 244 Serviced Apartments Research & Development - System Design RELC International Hotel····································10, 11, 236 Wavelength Technology (S) Pte Ltd····························216, 244 Shipping Contracts Research & Development Support Wilson International Trading Pte Limited·······················25, 244 Singapore Kyoden Pte Ltd····································· 239, 246 Ships - Sales, Purchase, Demolition Restoration - Old Painted Church Windows Wirana Private Ltd·····················210, 211, 245 Front Cover Logo Art Glass Design ················Facing Content On Page 2, 214, 219 Shoecovers Retail of Premium Coffee Products Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Sarika Gourmet Coffee Co. (S) Pte Ltd························236, 237 Singapore Hotels (off Orchard Road) Ribbons RELC International Hotel····································10, 11, 236 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 SMT / PCB Robotics System Optical Gaging Pte Ltd ························Divider Editorial, 12, 234 Apollo Soldering Machine Pte Ltd ·······················166, 167, 219 Soldering Controller Robots - Assembly Apollo Soldering Machine Pte Ltd ·······················166, 167, 219 ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd·····························170, 171, 220 Soldering Robots Robots - Material Handling Apollo Soldering Machine Pte Ltd ·······················166, 167, 219 ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd·····························170, 171, 220 Soldering Systems Robots - Pick & Place Apollo Soldering Machine Pte Ltd ·······················166, 167, 219 ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd·····························170, 171, 220 Stained & Architectural Glass - Consultation Robots - Vision Systems Art Glass Design ················Facing Content On Page 2, 214, 219 ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd·····························170, 171, 220 Stained & Architectural Glass - Design & Supply Roller & Curtain Coater Art Glass Design ················Facing Content On Page 2, 214, 219 Silicon Industrial Equipment Pte Ltd·····················204, 205, 238 Stained & Architectural Glass - Fabrication Safety Products Art Glass Design ················Facing Content On Page 2, 214, 219 Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 140 Products/Services Index Static Control Garments Supplier of Premium Coffee Products, Coffee Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Machines, Equipments & Services Sarika Gourmet Coffee Co. (S) Pte Ltd························236, 237 Static Control Products Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232 Supporting Services - Electro-Plating / Galvanizing Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240 Stockist & Distributor - Speciality Chemicals - Adhesive Supporting Services - Heaters & Instrumentation Megachem Limited ·······················Facing Content Page 4, 232 Solidheat Industries Pte Ltd ······························206, 207, 240

Stockist & Distributor - Speciality Chemicals - Supporting Services of Precision Machining Advanced Polymer Seamax Engineering Pte Ltd Megachem Limited ·······················Facing Content Page 4, 232 ··································Divider Company Listings, 9, 212, 237

Stockist & Distributor - Speciality Chemicals - System Integrator Biotechnology Universal Networking Co. Pte Ltd·······························17, 243 Megachem Limited ·······················Facing Content Page 4, 232 Systems Integrator Stockist & Distributor - Speciality Chemicals - ATS Automation Asia Pte Ltd·····························170, 171, 220 Coating Megachem Limited ·······················Facing Content Page 4, 232 Telecommunications & Infrastructure Universal Networking Co. Pte Ltd·······························17, 243 Stockist & Distributor - Speciality Chemicals - Construction Telecommunications Equipment Megachem Limited ·······················Facing Content Page 4, 232 Interhorizon Corporation Pte Ltd ·························192, 193, 229

Stockist & Distributor - Speciality Chemicals - Testing & Controlling Equipments Life Style Interhorizon Corporation Pte Ltd ·························192, 193, 229 Megachem Limited ·······················Facing Content Page 4, 232 Tool Making & Plastic Injection - Stockist & Distributor - Speciality Chemicals - Product Design & Development Oil & Gas Amould Plastic Industries Pte Ltd·······························21, 218 Megachem Limited ·······················Facing Content Page 4, 232 Tooling - WEDM, EDM and Vertical Milling Machines Stockist & Distributor - Speciality Chemicals - Agie Charmilles SEA Pte Ltd Polymer ···············Divider Company Listing, 213, 217 & Front Cover Logo Megachem Limited ·······················Facing Content Page 4, 232 Township to City Planning - Stockist & Distributor - Speciality Chemicals - Master Plans and Layouts at scales Surface Technology DP Architects Pte Ltd Megachem Limited ·······················Facing Content Page 4, 232 ·················Inside Back Cover, 178, 179, 223 & Front Cover Logo

Supplier of Confectionary & Beverage Ingredients Trading of Commodities Olam International Limited················Facing Content Page 6, 234 Wilson International Trading Pte Ltd····························25, 244

Supplier of Cotton & Wood Products Traders of Ferrite Cores Olam International Limited················Facing Content Page 6, 234 Seamax Engineering Pte Ltd ··································Divider Company Listings, 9, 212, 237 Supplier of Edible Nuts, Spices & Beans Olam International Limited················Facing Content Page 6, 234 Traders of General Electronic Components Seamax Engineering Pte Ltd Supplier of Food Staples & Packaged Foods ··································Divider Company Listings, 9, 212, 237 Olam International Limited················Facing Content Page 6, 234

141 Products/Services Index Traders of Inductors Seamax Engineering Pte Ltd ··································Divider Company Listings, 9, 212, 237

Traders of Integrated Circuits Seamax Engineering Pte Ltd ··································Divider Company Listings, 9, 212, 237

Traders of Optoelectronic Devices Seamax Engineering Pte Ltd ··································Divider Company Listings, 9, 212, 237

Traders of Quartz Crystal Products Seamax Engineering Pte Ltd ··································Divider Company Listings, 9, 212, 237

Urban Design - Planning and Design at scales DP Architects Pte Ltd ·················Inside Back Cover, 178, 179, 223 & Front Cover Logo

UV Curing & Exposure Lamps Silicon Industrial Equipment Pte Ltd·····················204, 205, 238

UV Spot Curing System Silicon Industrial Equipment Pte Ltd·····················204, 205, 238 Vertical High Speed Milling Machining Centers Agie Charmilles SEA Pte Ltd ···············Divider Company Listing, 213, 217 & Front Cover Logo

Vertical Milling Machining Centers Agie Charmilles SEA Pte Ltd ···············Divider Company Listing, 213, 217 & Front Cover Logo

Warehousing Hitachi Transport System (Asia) Pte Ltd·················188, 189, 227

Water Purification System & Accessories Silicon Industrial Equipment Pte Ltd·····················204, 205, 238 WEDM Machining Centers Agie Charmilles SEA Pte Ltd ···············Divider Company Listing, 213, 217 & Front Cover Logo

Wrist Strap Makx Enterprises Pte Ltd·································200, 201, 232

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