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Mammiferes De L'ilerdien Moyen (Eocene Inferieur) Des Corbieres Et Du Minervois (Bas-Languedoc, France) Systematique, Bio Stratigraphie, Correlations

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Mammiferes De L'ilerdien Moyen (Eocene Inferieur) Des Corbieres Et Du Minervois (Bas-Languedoc, France) Systematique, Bio Stratigraphie, Correlations MAMMIFERES DE L'ILERDIEN MOYEN (EOCENE INFERIEUR) DES CORBIERES ET DU MINERVOIS (BAS-LANGUEDOC, FRANCE) SYSTEMATIQUE, BIO STRATIGRAPHIE, CORRELATIONS par Bernard MARANDAT· SOMMAIRE Page Résumé, Abstract ............................................................. 57 Introduction ................................................................. 57 Méthodologie ................................................................. 60 Avertissements techniques ................................................... 60 Méthodologie biostratigraphique .............................................. 62 Situation géographique et stratigraphique des gisements étudiés ......................... 63 Etude systématique ............................................................ 66 Metatheria ............................................................... 66 Peradectes sp. indet. .................................................... 66 Peratherillln constans ................................................... 68 Peratherium cf. matronense 69 Peratherium cf. monspeliense ............................................ 70 Amphiperatherium cf. brabantense ........................................ 71 Amphiperatherium sp. indet. .............................................. 72 Apatotheria ............................................................... 73 cf. Apatemys sp. .. .................................................... .. 73 Proteutheria .............................................................. 74 cf. Didelphodus sp. .................................................... 74 ? Didelphodontinae indet. ............................................... 75 • Laboratoire de Paléontologie, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, URA 327, Université de Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Place Eugène-Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5. Mots-clés: Mammifères, Eocène inférieur, Ilerdien, Sud de la France, Corbières, Minervois, Biostratigraphie, Corrélations, Paléobiogéographie. Key-words: Mammalia, Lower Eocene, Ilerdian, Southern France, Corbières, Minervois, Biostratigraphy, Correlations, PaIeobiogeography. ' Palaeover/ebraJa, Montpellier, 20 (2-3): 55-144, 6 fig .• 7 pl. (Reçu le 8 Octobre 1990, accepté le 29 Octobre 1990, publié le 25 Janvier 1991) 56 Pantolesta 76 Fordonia lavocati ...................................................... 76 Remarques sur la "dent de Monze" ...................................... 78 Lipotyphla ................................................................ 79 Saturninia sp. ou Leptacodon sp. ........................................ 79 cf. Adapisoriculus sp. .................................................. 81 cf. Pontifactor sp. ..................................................... 81 Ordre indet. .............................................................. 86 I/erdoryctes sigei. ..................................................... 86 cf. Hyracolestes sp. ................................................... 86 Chiroptera ................................................................ 90 Eochiroptera fam., gen. et sp. indet 1 et 2 .................................... 90 Primates ................................................................. 92 Arcius cf.juscus ...................................................... 92 ? Arcius rougieri ......•................................................. 95 Donrussellia magna .................................................... 96 cf. Donrussellia gal/ica ................................................. 99 Adapidae indet. ........................................................ 99 Rodenûa ................................................................. 101 Microparamys (Corbarimys) hOllingeri .................................... 101 Pseudoparamys cezannei ................................................ 104 Ischyromyidae, gen et sp. indet. ........................................... 105 Condylarthra .............................................................. 107 Paschatherium plaziati .................................................. 107 Remarques sur l'un des Adapisoricidae de Palette .......................... 110 Paschatherium russelli .................................................. 110 Artiodactyla .............................................................. III Diacodexis cf. gazini ................................................... III Perissodactyla ............................................................. ll3 cf. Cymbalophus hookeri ou Propachynolophus sp. .......................... 113 Eléments de datation et corrélations ............................................... ll5 Age des nouvelles faunes du Minervois et des Corbières ........................... 115 Corrélations régionales ...................................................... 118 Corrélations intra-Corbières .............................................. ll8 Corrélations Corbières - Minervois ........................................ 119 Corrélations Corbières - Provence ., ....................................... 119 Corrélations Minervois - Provence 120 Corrélations entre faunes marines et continentales ................................. 120 Problèmes posés par l'attribution de Fordones au niveau MP 7 en fonction des corrélations du Sparnacien inférieur pyrénéen ................ 122 Remarques sur la limite Paléocène / Eocène des paléomammalogistes ................. 123 Considérations paléobiogéographiques ............................................ 127 Conclusions .................................................................. 130 Remerciements ............................................................... 132 Bibliographie ................................................................ 133 Planches ..................................................................... 140 57 RESUME Des gisements à mammifères ont été découverts dans l'Ilerdien marin et continental du Minervois et des Corbières (Bas-Languedoc). Dans les gisements de Fordones, Monze, Fournes et la Gasque, près de trente espèces de mammifères ont été identifiées. Elles comprennent des rongeurs, primates, condylarthres et de nouveaux insectivores, parmi lesquels, un pantolcstidé dyspterniné. Ces nouvelles faunes complètent l'information relative aux faunes mésogéennes d'âge éocène inférieur ancien, Rians et Palette. Les primates et les rongeurs de Fordones autorisent des corrélations avec la faune de Palette, récemment rapprochée du niveau-repère de Dormaal (MP 7). Certains éléments fauniques présents à Palette et à Fordones, suggèrent que ces deux faunes pourraient être antérieures à celle de Dormaal. En conséquence, il existe vraisemblablement un intervalle de temps relativement long entre la faune paléocène de Cernay et celle, éocène, de Dormaal. Les faunes mésogéennes de Palette, Fordones, et Silveirinha pourraient combler au moins partiellement cet intervalle. Sur la base des indications fournies par les faunes de mammifères "ilerdiennes", l'Ilerdien moyen des Corbières est vraisemblablement d'âge anté-cuisien. Du fait de la position de la faune de Fordones autour de la limite NP 1O/NP Il, la limite PaléocènefEocène des paléomarnmalogistes pourrait être située à la limite NP 9/NP 10. ABSTRACI' Mammal-bearing localities have been discovered in the marine and lac us trine series of the middle Ilerdian (Lowermost Eocene) from Southern France (Minervois and Corbières). In the localities of Fordones, Monze,Fournes,andLa Gasque, thirty mammal species have been identified. Among others, they include ischyromyid radents (Microparamys and Pseudoparamys), paromomyid and adapid primates (Arcius and Donrusse/lia), new insectivores, condylarths, and a dyspternine pantolestid. These faunas provide new informations on the carly Eocene Mesogean faunas of Rians and Palette. The assemblages of primates and rodents from Fordones support goad correlations with Palette which was recently placed near the standard-level of Dormaal (MP 7). In fact, Palette and Fordones could be even older than Dormaal. Consequently, there seems to be a relatively important temporal gap between the late Paleocene of Cernay and the Sparnacian of Dormaal. This gap could be partly filled with Ole Mesogean faunas of Palette, Fordones, Silveirinha. On the basis of these new mammal faunas the marine middle Ilerdian is proved to be older than the Cui sian stage of the Paris Basin. With regards to the position of the Fordones fauna at the top of the NP 10 calcareous nannoplankton biozone, the western European paleomammalogists PaleocenefEocene boundary could be situated between the NP 9 and NP 10 biozones. INTRODUCTION Ce travail avait, à l'origine, reçu pour objectif de fournir de nouvelles données de biostratigraphie mammalienne concernant les fOlmations paléogènes du Languedoc occidental (Corbières, Minervois, terminaison occidentale de la Montagne Noire, et passage vers le Castrais). La découverte d'un riche gisement à mammifères dans l'Ilerdien moyen des Corbières a conduit à recentrer le travail sur les problèmes relatifs à l'âge des dépôts marquant la régression ilerdienne dans les Corbières et le Minervois, et corrélativement à l'âge des premiers dépôts continentaux de la Molasse de Carcassonne dans les mêmes régions. 58 Par ailleurs, la partie supérieure de la série i1erdienne de Fordones avait été échantillonnée par J.-c' Plaziat à des fins palynologiques. Certains niveaux de la série (niveau g, fig. 5) ont livré une riche palynoflore étudiée par Mme Gruas-Cavagnetto et ses résultats devraient être publiés prochainement. li est vite apparu
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