DOCSLIB.ORG

UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title The List as Treasury in the Greek World Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9n3549kc Author Kirk, Athena Publication Date 2011 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California The List as Treasury in the Greek World By Athena E. Kirk A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Classics in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Leslie V. Kurke, Chair Professor Andrew Garrett Professor Nikolaos Papazarkadas Professor Ronald S. Stroud Fall 2011 Abstract The List as Treasury in the Greek World by Athena E. Kirk Doctor of Philosophy in Classics University of California, Berkeley Professor Leslie V. Kurke, Chair Some of the earliest written records in the greater ancient world are lists of objects: we find catalogues of gods, kings, jewels, archaic vocabulary items, and exotic birds in Sumerian, Egyptian, Akkadian and Hittite, and many scholars surmise that a penchant for this kind of record-keeping fueled the very invention of writing. The Greeks, however, have long been considered distinct from other literate peoples both for their innovations with regard to the writing system they borrowed from the Phoenicians and for their application of that system, as they (a) were the first to denote vowels with stand-alone symbols, and (b) seem to used the alphabet to record poetry, not archival information, before anything else. In fact, it is not until several hundred years after these first ‘literary’ texts that the alphabetic Greeks begin to produce the government inventories, war memorials, or tribute lists akin to those of their Near Eastern and Mycenean predecessors. In this project, I study these kinds of official epigraphic written lists alongside lists from Archaic and Classical Greek literature in an effort to reorient the discourse surrounding the Greeks’ literacy and use of writing, and its purported uniqueness. I work specifically with those lists that enumerate physical objects, beginning from the assertion that we can trace a tradition of listing objects in the Greek world that exists independent of the literacy versus orality binary invoked by most scholarship for the last several decades. By looking at, e.g., a catalogue of gifts in the Iliad alongside an inventory of dedications from an Athenian sanctuary, I suggest that lists themselves are the salient phenomenon to be identified and analyzed, rather than the medium (written or oral) in which we find them. My central thesis is that Greek object-lists in their disparate contexts—oral poetry, narrated prose history, publicly displayed records, performed drama—all share a 1 common function vis-à-vis the objects they represent, namely, that when they are presented to their various audiences, they serve as surrogates for the objects in question and in many cases take on an authority beyond that of any physical collection, which ultimately perishes. In their role as extant text-monuments, I argue, they embody and preserve the details of remote times and spaces. I present four case studies of texts that contain lists from the archaic through the classical period, and one later example of the same tradition. The chronological progression emphasizes how the Greek literary and documentary traditions build upon and interact with one another, and by attending to the two together, I begin to build a more comprehensive portrait of the listmaking meme. 2 C ONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION The Listing Media. .ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. xiv CHAPTER I A Number of Things. 1 CHAPTER 2 A History of Collecting. 35 CHAPTER 3 Stone Treasuries. 69 CHAPTER 4 Performed Inventories. 110 EPILOGUE They Had Been Inscribed. 151 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 165 i I NTRODUCTION THE· LISTING· MEDIA THE· LISTING· MEDIA THE· LISTING· MEDIA THE· LISTING· MEDIA THE· LISTING· MEDIA quam innumerabilia variis artibus et opificiis, in vestibus, calciamentis, vasis et cuiuscemodi fabricationibus, picturis etiam diversisque figmentis atque his usum necessarium atque moderatum et piam significationem longe transgredientibus addiderunt homines ad inlecebras oculorum… Innumerable things of various arts and makes, in clothes, shoes, drinking vessels, and all such products, even pictures and other adornments, all far exceeding their appropriately modest use or their pious purpose—innumerable things have men added to entice the eyes… Augustine Confessions 10.34.53 This study stems from a desire to rethink and reframe some questions about Greek reading and writing. Many have posed and variously answered the first: “For what purpose did the Greeks adapt the alphabet?”1 While that inquiry has produced many fruitful results, without further explicit evidence it can result in no definitive account, and so it now seems equally and perhaps more pertinent to wonder instead why the Greeks wrote down what they did after they had learned letters, however they may 1 Among others: Goody and Watt (1963); Havelock (1982); Guarducci (1987); Harris (1989); Jeffery (revised 1990); Powell (1991); Thomas (1992) chapter 4; Ruijgh (1998). ii have done so. I propose to examine the Greeks’ application of the alphabetic system as a consequence of, not a motivation for, technological advancement. Another problem that has dominated the subfield concerns the number of literates in a given social group. In this case too, the general lack of quantitative evidence has yielded a surplus of accounts based on a diverse range of sources (inscriptions, epic poetry, papyri, vase painting, among others). Those who advocate early widespread literacy often find proponents of late orality fanciful, while the latter only occasionally engage with the technical, object-oriented work of the former.2 The study of literacy could stand to benefit from more approaches that lay aside quantitative issues and concentrate instead on the fact that undoubtedly the majority of inhabitants of the Greek world, from prolific prose-writer to unlettered slave, interacted with written texts in some way or other. Moreover, as we may also agree that anyone spending time in public places would have come in contact with a great deal of writing, it seems all the more worthwhile to consider the range of reactions different viewers had to a given text. T HEORETICAL B ASES These problems fall under the general rubric of representation and into the general domain of human memory. Writing, in turn, is characterized as one of many tools that organize sense perceptions.3 We might invoke the well-rehearsed discussion of signans and signatum4 as a model of the relationship between sound and meaning or language and writing, but Plato provides a contemporary meditation which is just as useful at Cratylus 432d: !"#$%& !$'(, ) *+&,-#", ./0 ,1( 2($µ3,4( /35$6 7( 89"%(& :( 2(;µ&,3 8<,6( ,= 2(;µ&,&, "> /3(,& /&(,&?@ 2 A primary criticism of studies such as, e.g., Thomas (1992). 3 The hero of Aeschylus’ Prometheus Bound (460-461) mentions writing in his list of inventions, all of which allowed ignorant mankind to make full use of his senses (442-444): !"# $%&!&'( )* +,µ-!- | ".&/0-1’, 2( 03-( #4+5&6( 7#!-( !8 +%9# | :##&6( :14.- .-9 3%;#<# =+4$>?&6(. Compare here Aristotle’s hierarchy of the levels of perception, where certain living things are capable of -@0140A( but not µ#,µ4, such that they cannot engage in 3%>#Aµ- (Metaphysics A 980a-b). 4 Jakobson (1984/1959) especially makes several useful revisions to Saussure’s scheme, among which two are most applicable to this study: (1) far from being arbitrary, symbols and their interpretation are heavily dependent on context (28-29), and (2) “the signans must necessarily be perceptible whereas the signatum is translatable” (30). iii !"#$%& 'µ$()*+,-. .(##/ 0/1 23 4$5 463#! 073$(#$, 8!9 $"8 :3 ;<$( !"#=3 +>4+%3 <$".+9&> $".7#+1$3 '4?#+1?3 @A#( #B µC3 !"#?, #B .C D3$µ!. Then those things of which names are the names would suffer absurdities at the hands of their names if they were completely the same as them. For they would all be doubles, I suppose, and no one would be able to tell which one was on the one hand the thing itself, and which was, on the other, the name. Jowett streamlines the rather cumbersome prose: “But then how ridiculous would be the effect of names on things, if they were exactly the same with them! For they would be the doubles of them, and no one would be able to determine which were the names and which were the realities.” In his struggle to define objects using names, Socrates points us to a central tension between the physical world and the attempt to describe it verbally. Though his discussion remains fairly abstract, the passage serves as a useful point of departure for studying how the Greek world represents physical objects using words. In Socrates’ formulation, there exists a one-to-one correlation between concepts (or nameable things) and names, but the object and the label are distinct entities and separable. The label can in turn be manifested at a second level of representation—as text. The studies here work with the text both as a representation of the object and, subsequently, as an object to behold itself. F OCUS With a view to studying the connections between words and things, I take as my topic ancient lists of objects. While studies of ancient literacy unfailingly turn to a wide variety of texts to inform their analyses, they pause far less often to reflect on the genre, content, and purpose of that material. I maintain that a more focused corpus, chosen specifically on typological grounds, could reorient the discussion; thus I will include lists from varying historical periods, preserved in diverse media. Lists pertain to literacy not only on an analogical level.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Iliad Homer
    The Iliad Homer BOOK I. How Agamemnon and Achilles fell out at the siege of Troy; and Achilles withdrew himself from battle, and won from Zeus a pledge that his wrong should be avenged on Agamemnon and the Achaians. Sing, goddess, the wrath of Achilles Peleus’ son, the ruinous wrath that brought on the Achaians woes innumerable, and hurled down into Hades many strong souls of heroes, and gave their bodies to be a prey to dogs and all winged fowls; and so the counsel of Zeus wrought out its accomplishment from the day when first strife parted Atreides king of men and noble Achilles. Who among the gods set the twain at strife and variance? Apollo, the son of Leto and of Zeus; for he in anger at the king sent a sore plague upon the host, so that the folk began to perish, because Atreides had done dishonour to Chryses the priest. For the priest had come to the Achaians’ fleet ships to win his daughter’s freedom, and brought a ransom beyond telling; and bare in his hands the fillet of Apollo the Far- darter upon a golden staff; and made his prayer unto all the Achaians, and most of all to the two sons of Atreus, orderers of the host; “Ye sons of Atreus and all ye well-greaved Achaians, now may the gods that dwell in the mansions of Olympus grant you to lay waste the city of Priam, and to fare happily homeward; only set ye my dear child free, and accept the ransom in reverence to the son of Zeus, far-darting Apollo.” The Iliad Homer Then all the other Achaians cried assent, to reverence the priest and accept his goodly ransom; yet the thing pleased not the heart of Agamemnon son of Atreus, but he roughly sent him away, and laid stern charge upon him, saying: “Let me not find thee, old man, amid the hollow ships, whether tarrying now or returning again hereafter, lest the staff and fillet of the god avail thee naught.
    [Show full text]
  • The Argonautica, Book 1;
    '^THE ARGONAUTICA OF GAIUS VALERIUS FLACCUS (SETINUS BALBUS BOOK I TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH PROSE WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES BY H. G. BLOMFIELD, M.A., I.C.S. LATE SCHOLAR OF EXETER COLLEGE, OXFORD OXFORD B. H. BLACKWELL, BROAD STREET 1916 NEW YORK LONGMANS GREEN & CO. FOURTH AVENUE AND 30TH STREET TO MY WIFE h2 ; ; ; — CANDIDO LECTORI Reader, I'll spin you, if you please, A tough yarn of the good ship Argo, And how she carried o'er the seas Her somewhat miscellaneous cargo; And how one Jason did with ease (Spite of the Colchian King's embargo) Contrive to bone the fleecy prize That by the dragon fierce was guarded, Closing its soporific eyes By spells with honey interlarded How, spite of favouring winds and skies, His homeward voyage was retarded And how the Princess, by whose aid Her father's purpose had been thwarted, With the Greek stranger in the glade Of Ares secretly consorted, And how his converse with the maid Is generally thus reported : ' Medea, the premature decease Of my respected parent causes A vacancy in Northern Greece, And no one's claim 's as good as yours is To fill the blank : come, take the lease. Conditioned by the following clauses : You'll have to do a midnight bunk With me aboard the S.S. Argo But there 's no earthly need to funk, Or think the crew cannot so far go : They're not invariably drunk, And you can act as supercargo. — CANDIDO LECTORI • Nor should you very greatly care If sometimes you're a little sea-sick; There's no escape from mal-de-mer, Why, storms have actually made me sick : Take a Pope-Roach, and don't despair ; The best thing simply is to be sick.' H.
    [Show full text]
  • At the Intersection of Poetry and a Lower
    At the Intersection of Poetry and a High School English Class: 9th Graders‟ Participation in Poetry Reading Writing Workshop and the Relation to Social and Academic Identities‟ Development DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Susan Koukis Graduate Program in Education The Ohio State University 2010 Dissertation Committee: Anna Soter, Advisor George Newell Mollie Blackburn Terry Hermsen Copyright by Susan Koukis 2010 Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine whether “marginalized” (Moje, Young, Readence, & Moore 2000) 9th grade students in a low-level, tracked English class perceived themselves as more successful students in English class after participating in a 10-week Poetry Reading Writing Workshop. A second purpose was to determine whether their knowledge of poetry terms and concepts such as metaphor, and subsequent performance on the poetry sections of standardized tests improved. My nested case study focused on 19 students in a low-level 9th grade English class. As the practitioner researcher, I conducted in- depth research with six focus students chosen through purposeful sampling. I collected data over the course of three months, using the types of instruments most common to case study research. Data analysis for my nested case study was ongoing and recursive between field work and reflection. Data were coded for patterns that represented categories pertaining to my research questions and coding was refined as I gathered and re-read additional data sources. The findings revealed that students learn better, and are more engaged when they have choices (Atwell, 1998; Lauscher, 2007).
    [Show full text]
  • The Protrepticus of Clement of Alexandria: a Commentary
    Miguel Herrero de Jáuregui THE PROTREPTICUS OF CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA: A COMMENTARY to; ga;r yeu'do" ouj yilh'/ th'/ paraqevsei tajlhqou'" diaskedavnnutai, th'/ de; crhvsei th'" ajlhqeiva" ejkbiazovmenon fugadeuvetai. La falsedad no se dispersa por la simple comparación con la verdad, sino que la práctica de la verdad la fuerza a huir. Protréptico 8.77.3 PREFACIO Una tesis doctoral debe tratar de contribuir al avance del conocimiento humano en su disciplina, y la pretensión de que este comentario al Protréptico tenga la máxima utilidad posible me obliga a escribirla en inglés porque es la única lengua que hoy casi todos los interesados pueden leer. Pero no deja de ser extraño que en la casa de Nebrija se deje de lado la lengua castellana. La deuda que contraigo ahora con el español sólo se paliará si en el futuro puedo, en compensación, “dar a los hombres de mi lengua obras en que mejor puedan emplear su ocio”. Empiezo ahora a saldarla, empleándola para estos agradecimientos, breves en extensión pero no en sinceridad. Mi gratitud va, en primer lugar, al Cardenal Don Gil Álvarez de Albornoz, fundador del Real Colegio de España, a cuya generosidad y previsión debo dos años provechosos y felices en Bolonia. Al Rector, José Guillermo García-Valdecasas, que administra la herencia de Albornoz con ejemplar dedicación, eficacia y amor a la casa. A todas las personas que trabajan en el Colegio y hacen que cumpla con creces los objetivos para los que se fundó. Y a mis compañeros bolonios durante estos dos años. Ha sido un honor muy grato disfrutar con todos ellos de la herencia albornociana.
    [Show full text]
  • Provided by the Internet Classics Archive. See Bottom for Copyright
    Provided by The Internet Classics Archive. See bottom for copyright. Available online at http://classics.mit.edu//Homer/iliad.html The Iliad By Homer Translated by Samuel Butler ---------------------------------------------------------------------- BOOK I Sing, O goddess, the anger of Achilles son of Peleus, that brought countless ills upon the Achaeans. Many a brave soul did it send hurrying down to Hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures, for so were the counsels of Jove fulfilled from the day on which the son of Atreus, king of men, and great Achilles, first fell out with one another. And which of the gods was it that set them on to quarrel? It was the son of Jove and Leto; for he was angry with the king and sent a pestilence upon the host to plague the people, because the son of Atreus had dishonoured Chryses his priest. Now Chryses had come to the ships of the Achaeans to free his daughter, and had brought with him a great ransom: moreover he bore in his hand the sceptre of Apollo wreathed with a suppliant's wreath and he besought the Achaeans, but most of all the two sons of Atreus, who were their chiefs. "Sons of Atreus," he cried, "and all other Achaeans, may the gods who dwell in Olympus grant you to sack the city of Priam, and to reach your homes in safety; but free my daughter, and accept a ransom for her, in reverence to Apollo, son of Jove." On this the rest of the Achaeans with one voice were for respecting the priest and taking the ransom that he offered; but not so Agamemnon, who spoke fiercely to him and sent him roughly away.
    [Show full text]
  • Iliad Teacher Sample
    CONTENTS Teaching Guidelines ...................................................4 Appendix Book 1: The Anger of Achilles ...................................6 Genealogies ...............................................................57 Book 2: Before Battle ................................................8 Alternate Names in Homer’s Iliad ..............................58 Book 3: Dueling .........................................................10 The Friends and Foes of Homer’s Iliad ......................59 Book 4: From Truce to War ........................................12 Weaponry and Armor in Homer..................................61 Book 5: Diomed’s Day ...............................................14 Ship Terminology in Homer .......................................63 Book 6: Tides of War .................................................16 Character References in the Iliad ...............................65 Book 7: A Duel, a Truce, a Wall .................................18 Iliad Tests & Keys .....................................................67 Book 8: Zeus Takes Charge ........................................20 Book 9: Agamemnon’s Day ........................................22 Book 10: Spies ...........................................................24 Book 11: The Wounded ..............................................26 Book 12: Breach ........................................................28 Book 13: Tug of War ..................................................30 Book 14: Return to the Fray .......................................32
    [Show full text]
  • Greece • Crete • Turkey May 28 - June 22, 2021
    GREECE • CRETE • TURKEY MAY 28 - JUNE 22, 2021 Tour Hosts: Dr. Scott Moore Dr. Jason Whitlark organized by GREECE - CRETE - TURKEY / May 28 - June 22, 2021 May 31 Mon ATHENS - CORINTH CANAL - CORINTH – ACROCORINTH - NAFPLION At 8:30a.m. depart from Athens and drive along the coastal highway of Saronic Gulf. Arrive at the Corinth Canal for a brief stop and then continue on to the Acropolis of Corinth. Acro-corinth is the citadel of Corinth. It is situated to the southwest of the ancient city and rises to an elevation of 1883 ft. [574 m.]. Today it is surrounded by walls that are about 1.85 mi. [3 km.] long. The foundations of the fortifications are ancient—going back to the Hellenistic Period. The current walls were built and rebuilt by the Byzantines, Franks, Venetians, and Ottoman Turks. Climb up and visit the fortress. Then proceed to the Ancient city of Corinth. It was to this megalopolis where the apostle Paul came and worked, established a thriving church, subsequently sending two of his epistles now part of the New Testament. Here, we see all of the sites associated with his ministry: the Agora, the Temple of Apollo, the Roman Odeon, the Bema and Gallio’s Seat. The small local archaeological museum here is an absolute must! In Romans 16:23 Paul mentions his friend Erastus and • • we will see an inscription to him at the site. In the afternoon we will drive to GREECE CRETE TURKEY Nafplion for check-in at hotel followed by dinner and overnight. (B,D) MAY 28 - JUNE 22, 2021 June 1 Tue EPIDAURAUS - MYCENAE - NAFPLION Morning visit to Mycenae where we see the remains of the prehistoric citadel Parthenon, fortified with the Cyclopean Walls, the Lionesses’ Gate, the remains of the Athens Mycenaean Palace and the Tomb of King Agamemnon in which we will actually enter.
    [Show full text]
  • Mediterranean Divine Vintage Turkey & Greece
    BULGARIA Sinanköy Manya Mt. NORTH EDİRNE KIRKLARELİ Selimiye Fatih Iron Foundry Mosque UNESCO B L A C K S E A MACEDONIA Yeni Saray Kırklareli Höyük İSTANBUL Herakleia Skotoussa (Byzantium) Krenides Linos (Constantinople) Sirra Philippi Beikos Palatianon Berge Karaevlialtı Menekşe Çatağı Prusias Tauriana Filippoi THRACE Bathonea Küçükyalı Ad hypium Morylos Neapolis Dikaia Heraion teikhos Achaeology Edessa park KOCAELİ Tragilos Antisara Perinthos Basilica UNESCO Abdera Maroneia TEKİRDAĞ (İZMİT) DÜZCE Europos Kavala Doriskos Nicomedia Pella Amphipolis Stryme Işıklar Mt. ALBANIA JOINAllante Lete Bormiskos Thessalonica Argilos THE SEA OF MARMARA SAKARYA MACEDONIANaoussa Apollonia Thassos Ainos (ADAPAZARI) UNESCO Thermes Aegae YALOVA Ceramic Furnaces Selectum Chalastra Strepsa Berea Iznik Lake Nicea Methone Cyzicus Vergina Petralona Samothrace Parion Roman theater Acanthos Zeytinli Ada Apamela Aisa Ouranopolis Hisardere Elimia PydnaMEDITERRANEAN Barçın Höyük BTHYNIA Dasaki Galepsos Yenibademli Höyük BURSA UNESCO Antigonia Thyssus Apollonia (Prusa) ÇANAKKALE Manyas Zeytinlik Höyük Arisbe Lake Ulubat Phylace Dion Akrothooi Lake Sane Parthenopolis GÖKCEADA Aktopraklık O.Gazi Külliyesi BİLECİK Asprokampos Kremaste Daskyleion UNESCO Höyük Pythion Neopolis Astyra Sundiken Mts. Herakleum Paşalar Sarhöyük Mount Athos Achmilleion Troy Pessinus Potamia Mt.Olympos Torone Hephaistia Dorylaeum BOZCAADA Sigeion Kenchreai Omphatium Gonnus Skione Limnos MYSIA Uludag ESKİŞEHİR Eritium DIVINE VINTAGE Derecik Basilica Sidari Oxynia Myrina Kaz Mt. Passaron Soufli Troas Kebrene Skepsis UNESCO Meliboea Cassiope Gure bath BALIKESİR Dikilitaş Kanlıtaş Höyük Aiginion Neandra Karacahisar Castle Meteora Antandros Adramyttium Corfu UNESCO Larissa Lamponeia Dodoni Theopetra Gülpinar Pioniai Kulluoba Hamaxitos Seyitömer Höyük Keçi çayırı Syvota KÜTAHYA Grava Polimedion Assos Gerdekkaya Assos Mt.Pelion A E GTURKEY E A N S E A &Pyrrha GREECEMadra Mt. (Cotiaeum) Kumbet Lefkimi Theudoria Pherae Mithymna Midas City Ellina EPIRUS Passandra Perperene Lolkos/Gorytsa Antissa Bahses Mt.
    [Show full text]
  • Breaking the Silence of Homer's Women in Pat Barker's the Silence
    International Journal of English Language Studies (IJELS) ISSN: 2707-7578 DOI: 10.32996/ijels Website: https://al-kindipublisher.com/index.php/ijels Breaking the Silence of Homer’s Women in Pat Barker’s the Silence of The Girls Indrani A. Borgohain Ph.D. Candidate, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan Corresponding Author: Indrani A. Borgohain, E-mail: [email protected] ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT Received: December 25, 2020 Since time immemorial, women have been silenced by patriarchal societies in most, if Accepted: February 10, 2021 not all, cultures. Women voices are ignored, belittled, mocked, interrupted or shouted Volume: 3 down. The aim of this study examines how the contemporary writer Pat Barker breaks Issue: 2 the silence of Homer’s women in her novel The Silence of The Girl (2018). A semantic DOI: 10.32996/ijels.2021.3.2.2 interplay will be conducted with the themes in an attempt to show how Pat Barker’s novel fit into the Greek context of the Trojan War. The Trojan War begins with the KEYWORDS conflict between the kingdoms of Troy and Mycenaean Greece. Homer’s The Iliad, a popular story in the mythological of ancient Greece, gives us the story from the The Iliad, Intertextuality, perspective of the Greeks, whereas Pat Barker’s new novel gives us the story from the Adaptation, palimpsestic, Trojan perspective of the queen- turned slave Briseis. Pat Barker’s, The Silence of the Girls, War, patriarchy, feminism written in 2018, readdresses The Iliad to uncover the unvoiced tale of Achilles’ captive, who is none other than Briseis. In the Greek saga, Briseis is the wife of King Mynes of Lyrnessus, an ally of Troy.
    [Show full text]
  • DE NOVIS LIBRIS IUDICIA A. H. M. KESSELS, Studies on the Dream In
    DE NOVIS LIBRIS IUDICIA A. H. M. KESSELS, Studies on the dream in Greek Literature, Utrecht, Hes Publishers, 1978. XI, 268 pp. Under the title Studies on the dream in Greek literature Dr. A. H. M. Kessels offers, first, an Introduction on previous theories and literature about dreams in Homer and on the special character of the Homeric poems and its consequences for the study of dreams, secondly in three chapters ("The dream in Homer", "The pattern of the Homeric dream-scene", "Conclusions"), a detailed analysis of dreams and dream-references in Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, and finally, two more general "studies", entitled "Greek terminology for `dream' and 'dreaming ...... The dream in simile and metaphor" . -It would have helped the reader if the title of the book reflected more adequately the author's scope and material.- In this review I confine myself to focusing the attention of the reader on some Homeric utterances on dreams, on the interpreta- tion of which we have not reached agreement, despite ample and pleasant discussions after finding out that we were working in the same field. Whether the dveipox6Xoq in Il. I, 62-68 is to be con- sidered as a skilled interpreter of other people's dreams, or as the dreamer by the inspiration of a god, intentionally lying down for a mantic sleep, seems to be left vague, unless we find in the fact that no dreams of others are mentioned here an indication for a "Traumseher" rather than for a "Traumdeuter", as Mr. Kessels s does (p. 25 ff). To me both the term oneiropolos and the situation which he is supposed to clarify allow for no more than a mantis who is specialized in, who deals with dreams, when asked for a ritual ad- vice, no matter whether those dreams are dreamt by himself, or by others (either involved in the situation or taken from mantic collec- tions of terata and dreams).
    [Show full text]
  • Determining the Significance of Alliance Athologiesp in Bipolar Systems: a Case of the Peloponnesian War from 431-421 BCE
    Wright State University CORE Scholar Browse all Theses and Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 2016 Determining the Significance of Alliance athologiesP in Bipolar Systems: A Case of the Peloponnesian War from 431-421 BCE Anthony Lee Meyer Wright State University Follow this and additional works at: https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/etd_all Part of the International Relations Commons Repository Citation Meyer, Anthony Lee, "Determining the Significance of Alliance Pathologies in Bipolar Systems: A Case of the Peloponnesian War from 431-421 BCE" (2016). Browse all Theses and Dissertations. 1509. https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/etd_all/1509 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at CORE Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Browse all Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CORE Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DETERMINING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ALLIANCE PATHOLOGIES IN BIPOLAR SYSTEMS: A CASE OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR FROM 431-421 BCE A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts By ANTHONY LEE ISAAC MEYER Dual B.A., Russian Language & Literature, International Studies, Ohio State University, 2007 2016 Wright State University WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES ___April 29, 2016_________ I HEREBY RECOMMEND THAT THE THESIS PREPARED UNDER MY SUPERVISION BY Anthony Meyer ENTITLED Determining the Significance of Alliance Pathologies in Bipolar Systems: A Case of the Peloponnesian War from 431-421 BCE BE ACCEPTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Master of Arts. ____________________________ Liam Anderson, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • P2-Aug 00 IJW V6.2
    INTERNATIONAL Journal of Wilderness AUGUST 2000 VOLUME 6, NUMBER 2 FEATURES Future Roles 23 The Social Value of Wilderness 3 Editorial Perspectives A Forest Service Perspective Issues in the Quality of U.S. Wilderness BY KEN CORDELL AND JERRY STOKES Management 25 Of What Avail Are Forty Freedoms? BY PERRY BROWN, WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY The Significance of Wilderness in the 21st Century JOHN HENDEE, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF BY DANIEL L. DUSTIN AND LEO H. MCAVOY 5 Soul of the Wilderness STEWARDSHIP Natural, Wild, Uncrowded, or Free? BY DAVID N. COLE 27 The Eagle Cap Wilderness Permit System A Visitor Education Tool BY TOM CARLSON SPECIAL SECTION 9 COMPILED BY ALAN EWERT Wilderness in the 21st Century: SCIENCE AND RESEARCH Visitors, Activities and Technology, 29 Encounter Norms for Backcountry and Future Roles Trout Anglers in New Zealand BY CARL WALROND 9 INTRODUCTION BY ALAN EWERT Visitors 34 Perspectives from the Aldo Leopold 10 Wilderness Visitors in the 21st Century Diversity, Day-Use, Perceptions, and Preferences Wilderness Research Institute BY DEBORAH J. CHAVEZ Science for Wilderness, Wilderness for Science BY DAVID J. PARSONS 12 Wilderness Use in the Next 100 Years BY WILLIAM E. HAMMITT AND RUDY M. SCHUSTER 14 Meanings of Wilderness Experiences INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE in the 21st Century 35 Issues Surrounding Entrance Fees as a BY JOSEPH W. ROGGENBUCK Suitable Mechanism for Activities and Technology Financing Natural Areas in Australia 17 Gearheads and Golems: Technology and BY GAMINI HERATH Wilderness Recreation in the 21st Century BY JOHN SHULTIS WILDERNESS DIGEST 19 Wilderness Activities in the 21st Century A Commentary 40 Announcements & Wilderness Calendar BY LES WADZINSKI 44 Letters to the Editor 20 Technology and Wilderness in the 21st Century 46 Book Reviews BY DOUG KNAPP Front cover photo of pink Lady Slipper orchids and inset photo of Kahshahpiwi A More Pristine Wilderness 21 Lake, Quetico, Ontario, Canada, both © 2000 by Kevin Proescholdt.
    [Show full text]