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Irish Immigrant Participation in the Construction of the Erie Canal
·IRISH IMMIGRANT ST~~:i. PARTICIPATION IN THE. CONSTRUCTION. OF THE · ERIE CANAL B&W Scans ON MICR Fi . -'.~ S·l~-~~ . IRISH IMMIGRANT PARTICIPATION IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE ERIE CANAL by Dr. George J. Svejda DIVISION OF HISTORY OFFICE OF ARCHEOLOGY AND HISTORIC PRESERVAT-rmr MAY 19, 1969 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ii I. CIRCUMSTANCES LEADING TO THE IDEA OF BUILDING 1 THE ERIE CANAL II. THE BEGINNING OF THB GREAT WORK 11 III. THE DEMAND FOR FOREIGN LABOR IN AMERICA 15 TV. THE PROGRESS OF THE CANAL CONSTRUCTION AND THE 20 IRISH WORKMEN ON THE ERIE CANAL V. WORKING CONDITIONS ON THE ERIE CANAL 32 VI. CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT USED ON THE ERIE CANAL 39 VII. THE FINAL STAGES OF THE CANAL CONSTRUCTION 43 APPENDICES 53 BIBLIOGRAPHY 58 i INTRODUCTION Irish Immigrant Participation in the Construction of the Erie Canal (AMI-H-2, 1966) is a study of the circumstances lead ing to the :Ldea of building the Erie Canal, the construction of this great work, and the Irish participation in it. The economic importance of the Nation's rivers and lakes was early realized by many prominent Americans, including George Washington. With the purchase of Louisiana, the United States acquired free and uninterrupted navigation of the Mississippi. The Louisiana Purchase, coupled with the introduction of steam navigationi, accelerated the settlement of the Mississippi Valley and the territory bordering upon the great rivers of the West, r.he Missouri, the Ohio, and the Illinois. A Resolution adopted on February 4, 1808, in the New York House of Assembly called for the appointment of a joint committee of the Senate and the Assembly of the State of New York to explore the possibilities of opening a communication between the tide waters of the Hudson River and Lake Erie. -
STEAMBOAT LINE. Bails*
CHILD'S ANNUAL ADVERTISER, ANNEXED TO THE ALBANY DIRECTORY 1833. NEW-YORK, ALBANY AND TROY STEAMBOAT LINE. Bails* Day Line at 7 o'clock, A. M., (through by Day Light.) FROM THE PIER, FOOT OF STATE ST THE LOW PRESSURE STEAM-BOATS North America, Capt. R. G. Cruttenden, Albany, Capt J. G. Jenkins, Erie, Capt. J. Benson, Novelty, Capt. T. Wiswall. Champlain, Capt Gorham. Daily Evening Line, at 5 o'clock, P. M PBOK THE PXER, FOOT OF ECA.UII.TOSr ST. THE STEAM-BOATS Ohio, Capt. M. Bartholomew, De Witt Clinton, Capt. G. E. Seymour, Constitution, Capt. A. Hoyt, Constellation, Capt. D. Brown, jr. For passage apply to the Captains on hoard, or at f ithcr of the offices of the New-York, Albany and Troy Steamboat Lines, foot of State or Hamilton ets. Landing of the Day Line in New-York, foot of Barclay-street Landing ef the Night Line, foot of Courtland-street 1 2 CHILD'S ANNUAL ADVERTISER IX>C<XXX!©0<>OOOOOC<HX<>00<XX>0< XXX TRANSPORTATION ON jjjl • • • • l|*^ffiffqfflf- THE CANALS. TRADERS' LINE, [INSURED.] TREAT & HUGHES, ALBANY, PROPRIETORS. OFFICE IJVJ1LBAJVY, JVO. 60 QUAY-STREET REFER TO Otis Clqpp, South-at., J\~. York, Sam'l T.Mwaier,PortQibstm Field S( Robinson, Palmyra, Wilmarth Sf Collins,BushnclU Brook's & William, Pi/isford, A. Voorhees,\Pittsford [Basin Jonathan Child, Esq. Rochester, Joy &f Webster, Buffalo. fl^/" N. B. Liberal advances will be made on pro perty stored at Pittsford, Bushnell's Basin, Palmyra and Port Gibson. June. 1833. SENECA LAKE ©aAH?®E>©R®AE>8e>?£e. -
Many Thought New York Would Never Be the Same When Its Audacious
STORY Many thought New York would never be the same OF THE when its audacious grid was planned 200 years ago. They were right. STREETS by Kevin Fallon / CAS ’09 This 1840 lithograph was one of a inexpensive maps also contained series published by the Society for details not in the original 1811 plan, the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge including two additional avenues— to educate the public on the grid eventually named Lexington and plan, which was rapidly changing Madison—and the Harlem Railroad, the city streets around them. These traced in red. 42 / FALL 2012 / NYU NYU / FALL 2012 / 43 photos c L ockwise photos: p F rom top A ges 42/43 © m L e F t © m U se U se U m o U m o F the cit F the cit Y o Y o F N F ew N ew Y ork, gi Y ork, the j. c F t o F joseph ver la re N ce d N A er reed, 50.358.68; this p vies co ll ectio N , 29.100.3060; © A ge © i p .N. ict p U he re L ps c o ll s tokes ectio N c , o t ll he New York ectio The writer was Edgar Allan City’s history. Two hundred years Opposite page: In 1776, when N , Outside the writer’s window, m Thomas Davies painted this Poe, who, in 1844, managed ago, the crux of the city was iri A Pu watercolor of the British rout m b to compose “The Raven” in crammed south of Canal Street. -
CHAPTER IV. the Second Constitution, 1821
CHAPTER IV. The Second Constitution, 1821. The evolution of our Constitution has brought it to a condition where amendments are comparatively easy. The rule requiring a vote by the people once every twenty years, or oftener, as the legislature may provide, to de termine whether a convention shall be called to revise the Constitution, affords frequent opportunities for con sidering the Constitution as a whole; while, by another provision, the legislature may, at any time, submit to the people specific propositions for amendment, without con sidering the whole instrument. This provision furnishes an easy method of altering the Constitution to meet new conditions; indeed, the method is rather too easy, for it affords opportunity for frequent attempted changes in the fundamental law; and if the Constitution, for any reason, happens to be unsatisfactory to a given class of people, and they find that they cannot do all that they think they wish to do, under the existing Constitution, they immediately seek to amend it, as if it were a statute, not possessing permanent character. The ease with which we may now propose amendments is in marked contrast to the difficulties surrounding the subject of constitutional changes during the first forty-five years of our history. It has already been noted that the first Constitution contained no provision for its own amendment. The legislature could not, as it may now do, submit to the people propositions for specific amendments, nor could [613] Digitized by the New York State Library from the Library's collections. 6i4 Constitutional History of New York. it direct that a convention be held to consider amend ments, or a general revision. -
The Grand Canal New York's First Thruway D Ewitt
-: c ., .illgt" y,," tl,8'/alll;t:,N 'If 11,.f raglJlg Ca-..al, For am -frOm The Raging Canal, P. MOrTis, New York. 1884. * * * * * THE GRAND CANAL NEW YORK'S FIRST THRUWAY by Eric Brunger ahd Lionel Wyld Buffalo is to be the point of beginning) and in 50 years it will be next to N. York in wealth and population. We have looked at all the difficult points) ascended the mountains) penetrated the forests) descended into wide- spreading and deePly excavated ravines. ...The result is most satisfactory. The work can be easily effected) and the utmost cost will not exceed our calculations. The public sentiment is also fixed in our favor. There is scarcely a dissentient in this vast country. D EWITT CLINTON wrote this letter to a friend in 1816 just a day or so after his visit to Buffalo. It reflects his optimism about the proposed Erie Canal. But it is important in another way too. It marks the real beginning of enthusiasm for the great undertak- ing in western New York. Prior to Clinton's visit, western New York canal interest was luke- warm at best. There was some concern, of course. Peter B. Porter of Black Rock was interested. A canal would definitely affect his Porter , Barton, and Company with its monopoly of trade west via its Niagara Portage. The location of the proposed canal was important to him. The Holland Land Company was interested becauseof the impact on land values that a canal would produce. Joseph Ellicott and his boss, Paul Busti, rather doubted that the canal, if begun, would ever be fin- ished, or finished within any reasonable period of time, but they were willing to help. -
Welcome to a Free Reading from Washington History: Magazine of the Historical Society of Washington, D.C
Welcome to a free reading from Washington History: Magazine of the Historical Society of Washington, D.C. We hope this essay will help you fill idle hours and provide food for thought and discussion. Benjamin Banneker, the African American mathematician, scientist, and author of almanacs, helped to create Washington, D.C. in 1791. He and his role continue to intrigue Washingtonians more than two centuries later. This essay brings to light the actual records documenting his work on the survey of the District of Columbia that permitted Peter Charles L’Enfant (as he signed his name) to design the city. “Survey of the Federal Territory: Andrew Ellicott and Benjamin Banneker,” by Silvio A. Bedini, first appeared in Washington History Special Bicentennial Issue, vol. 3, no.1 (spring/summer 1991) © Historical Society of Washington, D.C. Access via JSTOR* to the entire run of Washington History and its predecessor, Records of the Columbia Historical Society, is a benefit of membership in the Historical Society of Washington, D.C. at the Membership Plus level. Copies of this and many other back issues of Washington History magazine are available for purchase online through the DC History Center Store: https://dchistory.z2systems.com/np/clients/dchistory/giftstore.jsp ABOUT THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON, D.C. The Historical Society of Washington, D.C., is a non-profit, 501(c)(3), community-supported educational and research organization that collects, interprets, and shares the history of our nation's capital in order to promote a sense of identity, place and pride in our city and preserve its heritage for future generations. -
Ilfjbbitians Antr Surgeons
UNIVERSITY OF the STATB OF NEW-YORK. COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. CATALOGUE OF THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY, AND OF THE TRUSTEES, FACULTY, FELLOWS, GRADUATES, AND STUDENTS OF THB . COLLEGE OF ilfjBBitians antr Surgeons, IS THE CITY OF NEW-YORK. PUBLISHED BY THE CLASS. rBlXTED BY DA.Vl£C fA.N'HA No. 144 Nuttu-street. 132A CATALOGUE, &c. REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY. The Regents of the University of this State were incorporated by " a law of the Legislature, May 1st, 1784, for the promotion of lite rature and the advancement of useful knowledge." Their duties consist in the exercise of a general superintendence of all the incor porated Colleges and Academies in the State ; granting charters to Associations under certain circumstances, &c. They have the power of appointing the Trustees and Professors of the Colleges of Physi cians and Surgeons ; and, under certain circumstances, the Principals of other Colleges and Academies. They distribute annually considerable sums of money to the va rious Colleges and Academies, from a fund given by the Legislature for that purpose, and report annually to the Legislature. OFFICERS OF THE REGENTS. Honourable John Tayler, Chancellor. Honourable Simeon De Witt, Vice-Chancelloi . Francis Bloodgood, Esq. Treasurer. Gideon Hawley, Esq. Secretary. REGENTS. His Ex. Martin Van Beuren, Go James Thompson, Esq. vernor, ex officio. Harmanus Bleeker, Esq. His Honour Enos T. Throop, Samuel A. Talcott, Esq. Lieut. Governor, ex officio. James King, Esq. Hon. Simeon De Witt, Peter Wendall, M. D. Hon. John Tayler, William L. Marcy, Esq. Elisha Jenkins, Esq. Hon. Peter B. Hon. Porter, Joseph C. -
The Erie Canal: How American Patriots Had to Battle for Infrastructure by Judy Hodgkiss
The Erie Canal: How American Patriots Had To Battle for Infrastructure by Judy Hodgkiss The following words are engraved on a capstone for the Buf- were abandoned, the Bank of the United States was closed, falo locks system at the Lake Erie end of the Hudson River to and the young nation’s commitment to development and ex- Lake Erie Canal, which demonstrate how the canal’s builders pansion began to falter. The British imperial forces had re- situated its importance for improving the general welfare of grouped, with the aim of destroying our fledgling country’s the United States, and for forging the way for any country, not economic capabilities from within, and of embroiling us in dominated by an oligarchic system, to do likewise: wars abroad. As America was increasingly isolated and threatened, as a ERIE CANAL. Let posterity be excited to perpetuate result of the degeneration of the (British-controlled) French our free institutions and to make still greater efforts Revolution, and the resultant rise of the evil Napoleonic re- than our ancestors, to promote public prosperity, by gime, a sense of pessimism and gloom had begun to sweep the the recollection that these works of internal improve- nation. ment were achieved by the spirit and perseverance of That this tide of pessimism was turned, was largely due to REPUBLICAN FREE MEN [all emphasis in origi- the fight which took place in the state of New York around the nal]. question of the Erie Canal: Here, instead of pessimism, the idea of America’s “Manifest Destiny” began to take concrete And the following are the last two lines of Samuel Wood- form. -
Albany Directory
CHILD'S ALBANY DIRECTORY, FOR THE YEARS 1834-5. "^ -"-^-''^fttG&n^:-^^^R«*rK-s.-. =-r; " COMPILED BY EDMUND B. CHILD. CONTAINING The names, occupation and place of residence of all heads ef fam ilies, firms, and those doing business in the City, amounting to between SIX and SEVEN THOUSAND, m COBMCT AUHIIITICU JR- itiMOEUElTT. Also much other useful and interesting matter. ALBANY: PRINTED BY E. B. CHILD, No, 6 South Pearl-street* 1834. REMOVALS, CORRECTIONS AND ADDITION AL NAMES, ' Which came too late for insertion in their proper place. gg-Ths purchaser will please mark theje alterations with a pen. *Alleott, Lewis, 31 Union Barnes, Miss, mantuamaker, 83 Washington Bensen, Nicholas, plane maker, res. 48 Howard Bigelow, , 45 Maiden lane Cahill, Thomas, laborer, res. 26 n. Pearl Caldwell, James, laborer, 62 State, boards 32 Maiden-lane Civer, Jacob (Relyca if -Co.), res. 164 Creen Clark, Josiah, office of general intellgence for steam-boats, canal boats, rail roads and stages, at Preston's Reading Room and Recess, 615 s. Market Collins, William, caipenter, 3 Lewis Alley Connell, Patrick, carpenter, boards at Peter Newman's, 51 Beaver Cook, Alfred, printer's joiner, shop Church cor. Lydius, house 4T Lydius Cory, Moses F., 34 Hudson Duncan, Richard, carpenter, res. Hudson cor. William Etridge, William, grocer, 3 Church, house 42 Liberty Flanagan, Joh», foreman Clinton furnace, house 544 s. Market French, Maynard, rotary cooking stove warehouse, 24 State, bouse 157 Washington Genet, W. M., boards at Miss Mott's Hall, John H., wood engraver, 9 Van Tromp. [See Advertise ment] Holmes, Samuel, cartman, rear 282 *. -
A Knickerbocker Tour of New York State, 1822: "Our Travels, Statistical
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Electronic Texts in American Studies Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln 1822 A Knickerbocker tour of New York State, 1822: "Our Travels, Statistical, Geographical, Mineorological, Geological, Historical, Political and Quizzical"; Written by Myself XYZ etc. Johnston Verplanck New York American Louis Leonard Tucker , editor The New York State Library Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/etas Part of the American Studies Commons Verplanck, Johnston and Tucker, Louis Leonard , editor, "A Knickerbocker tour of New York State, 1822: "Our Travels, Statistical, Geographical, Mineorological, Geological, Historical, Political and Quizzical"; Written by Myself XYZ etc." (1822). Electronic Texts in American Studies. 61. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/etas/61 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Texts in American Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. I iC 1\ N A D I I I 0 iI I' I ~ I A Knickerbocker tour of New York State, 1822 ~~Our Travels, Statistical, Geographical, Mineorological, Geological, Historical, Political and "Quizzical" Written by myself XYZ etc. Edited, with an Introduction and Notes, By LoUIS LEONARD TUCKER The University of the State of New York The State Education Department The New York State Library Albany 1968 THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of the University (with years when terms expire) 1969 JOSEPH W. MCGOVERN, A.B., LL.B., L.H.D., LL.D., Chancellor · New York 1970 EVERETT J. -
New York State Historic Markers
Markers_2000_for_APHNYS_printou EntryNumberCounty Town Line1 Line2 Line3 Line4 Line5 Line6 Line7 Location TimePeriod 1 ALBANY ALBANY, CITY OF GENERAL BURGOYNE OVER THIS ROAD ENTERED ALBANY WITH HIS STAFF AFTER THE BATTLE OF SARATOGA GOING TO SCHUYLER MANSION AS PRISONERS OF WAR - 1777 PLAZA, BROADWAY AT FOOT OF STATE ST. 1750-1799 2 ALBANY ALBANY, CITY OF BIRTHPLACE OF AMERICAN UNION NEAR THIS SITE, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN PRESENTED THE 1ST FORMAL PLAN OF NATIONAL UNION; CONGRESS OF 1754 PLAZA, BROADWAY AT FOOT OF STATE ST. 1750-1799 3 ALBANY ALBANY, CITY OF ALBANY CALLED FORT NASSAU 1614, FORT ORANGE 1624, BEVERWYCK 1652, ALBANY 1664; CHARTERED 1686 PLAZA, BROADWAY AT FOOT OF STATE ST. 1600-1649 4 ALBANY ALBANY, CITY OF COLONIAL WARPATH RENDEVOUS OF TROOPS IN FIVE WARS. HERE ARMIES UNDER ABERCROMBIE, LOUDOUN AND AMHERST MOVED TO THE CONQUEST OF CANADA 1756-60 PLAZA, BROADWAY AT FOOT OF STATE ST. 1750-1799 5 ALBANY ALBANY, CITY OF IROQUOIS TREATY AUGUST 1684 BASIC PEACE BY GOV. DONGAN GOV. HOWARD OF VA. AND FIVE NATIONS AT COURT HOUSE WHICH STOOD 100 FEET WEST PLAZA, BROADWAY AT FOOT OF STATE ST. 1650-1699 6 ALBANY ALBANY, CITY OF HENRY HUDSON EXPLORER, HERE ENDED THE VOYAGE OF THE HALF MOON IN QUEST OF THE INDIES SEPTEMBER, 1609 PLAZA, BROADWAY AT FOOT OF STATE ST. 1600-1649 7 ALBANY ALBANY, CITY OF FORT ORANGE SITE OF WEST INDIA COMPANY COLONY 1624. HERE WAS BORN SARAH RAPELJE, FIRST WHITE CHILD IN N. Y. STATE, 1625 FORT STOOD S. E. BY THE RIVER PLAZA, BROADWAY AT FOOT OF STATE ST. -
Tompkins County Public Library Assigned Branch: Ithaca - Tompkins County Public Library (TCPL) Collection: Local History (LH)
TOMPKINS COUNTY Navigating A Sea Oe Resources PUBLIC LIBRARY Title: Landmarks of Tompkins County, New York : including a History of Cornell University Author: Hewett, Waterman Thomas, 1846-1921. Selkreg, John H. ed. Call number: LH-REF 974.771 Selkreg Publisher: Syracuse, NY : D. Mason ; Evansville, IN : reproduction by Unigraphic, 1894, 1976. Owner: Ithaca - Tompkins County Public Library Assigned Branch: Ithaca - Tompkins County Public Library (TCPL) Collection: Local History (LH) Material type: Book Number of pages: 704 p. Digitization of this material was made possible with a 2009 grant from the Park Foundation LO "cr <=a ru [^ fr- !a Em j- . This book was donated by Friends of the Library Book Sale LHREF 974.771 Selkreg Selkreg, John H. , Landmarks of Tompkins County, New York : D. Mason ; reproduction b> 1894, 1976. 1894, 1976. For Reference Not to be taken from this room TOMPKINS COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY ITHACA, NY DEC 2 3 1997 LANDMARKS OP TOMPKINS COUNTY NEW YORK Including a History of Cornell University BY PROF. W. T. HEWITT EDITED BY JOHN H. SELKREG tfllustrateb This book was donated by Friends of the Library Book Sale SYRACUSE, N. Y. D. MASON & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS 1894 The reproduction of this book has been made possible through the sponsorship of the Tompkins County Bicentennial Commission, Ithaca, New York. A Reproduction by Unigraphic, Inc. 1401 North Fares Avenue nineteen hundred and seventy-six TOMPKINS COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 312 NORTH CAYUGA STREET ITHACA, NEW YORK 14860 PREFACE With each passing year the task of preparing a history of any local ity becomes more and more difficult.