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PRESIDENT REAGAN's CIVIL DEFENSE PROGRAM Defense Monitor in Brief President Reagan Has Proposed a $4.2 Billion, Seven Year Civil Defense Program to Support U.S

PRESIDENT REAGAN's CIVIL DEFENSE PROGRAM Defense Monitor in Brief President Reagan Has Proposed a $4.2 Billion, Seven Year Civil Defense Program to Support U.S

r- The Center far Mene hlornatiOn Supportea Strong defense but opposes exces- sive expenditures or forces. It believes mat strong social- economic ansi potftical sttudures contribute equally to nations security and are essential to fte strength -and wetiare of our country. - B @ 1982 C DEFENSE INFORMATION-WASHINGTON -'0 Vol. XI, Number 5 1982 PRESIDENT REAGAN'S PROGRAM Defense Monitor in Brief President Reagan has proposed a $4.2 Billion, seven year civil defense program to support U.S. plans to fight, survive and win a nuclear . Ultimate costs of the program could be over $10 Billion. The Reagan Administration's civil defense program is intended to demonstrate that the U.S. is prepared to fight and survive nuclear war. Civil defense is assumed to be a necessary complement to U.S. nuclear warfighting forces. An extensive civil defense program attempts to make nuclear war plans credible to the Soviets and acceptable to Americans. The program is designed to relocate two-thirds of the population, construct blast shelters for essential workers, and protect a significant portion of industrial machinery. A major effort is underway to protect thousands of senior government officials and i 1 provide for the continuity of normal government functions in the event of nuclear war.

Today with U.S.-Soviet relations blast shelters has been consistently destruction of both societies and that at their worst point in twenty years, rejected as too costly. A number of each government holds the other so- the Reagan Administration has pro- fallout shelter programs have been ciety hostage. posed a massive, multi-Billion dollar proposed but have never been sus- Key figures of the present Admin- civil defense program. This program tained. Almost all previous Adminis- istration find the situation of mutual represents a dramatic change from tration budget requests have been vulnerability intolerable and con- past civil defense efforts in scope and cut, sometimes over ninety per cent. sider it immoral. Richard Pipes, a top purpose. member of the National Security In principle, civil defense is a Reagan's Rationale Council , has recently said that worthy goal. Protecting life and a na- Reagan's civil defense proposal is a the Administration no longer accepts tion's resource are the highest re- natural complement to the nuclear the concept of mutual assured de- sponsibilities ofgovernment. But the warfighting strategy of the United struction. All agree that living under reality of the nuclear age is that, in States. A recent defense document practice, civil defense measures can approved by Secretary of Defense be easily overcome by the vast num- Weinberger states that, "The United Definition bers and destructive power of nuclear States nuclear capabilities must pre- vail evenunder the condition of a pro- "All those activities and measures . Further, civil defense pm- designed or undertaken to: a. grams do not exist apart from each longed war." The Reagan Admin- minimize the efTects upon the civil- side's perceptions of the other. Prepa- istration appears convinced that ian population caused or which rations to survive a nuclear war in nuclearwars can be fought and "won" would be caused by an enemy attack the and the Soviet and is making detailed preparations upon the United States: b. deal with the immediate emergency conditions Union will stimulate fears that in- in the hope that the leadership, eco- which would be created by any such crease the likelihood of nuclear war. nomic infrastructure and some por- attack: and c. effectuate emergencv Since 1950 the U.S. has went $2.6 tion of the population can survive. repairs to. or the emergency restora- Billion on civil defense. In general, Reagan's proposed civil defense pro- tion of'. vital utilities and facilities past programs have been met with gram reflects the Administration's destroyed by any such attack." public apathy and Congressional rejection of the possibility that a nu- Department of Defense skepticism. A system of nationwide clear warcould result in the mutual I PAGE2 CENTER FOR DEFENSE INFORMATION

The Reagan Civil Defense Program

The .5 major parts of the Adminiatration's Severe weather conditions will hamper Problems: civil detente program are: shelter construction. rn Warning time may be ind~cientto im- Food. water and sanitation equipment pkement plans. 1. CRISIS RELOCATION must be available in the shelters for Many industries, such as chemical and tn the event of rising tensions or indica- many days or weeks. nuclear power plants, cannot be shut tiotkr of a Soviet evacuation, relocate 150 BLAST SHELTERS down or dismantled. million Americana from 400 probable Ul. Even if machines survive. resources target cireu to the countryside. Provide shelters for 4 million "aasential" nded for production, such as energy Roblema: workers at their workplaces to protect and raw materials, may be scarce or Evacuation requires at least a week- against the direct effects of nuclear nonexistent. occur weapons (blaat, heat, initial radiation). - The nuclear attack must not too Targeted areas may not be safe to work early or too late. From the countryside, workers would in for months or years  device mu+tnottarget relocation areas. commute bo keep key industries operating. .Adequate food and supplies must reach Problem*: relocation areas. Program will cost many Billions of dol- V. CONTINUITYOF Peopie muit cooperate and not panic. Lars. GOVERNMENT  Particular categories of people such as Workers may refuse to participate. Provide thousands of government officials prisoners, the old and the sick pose spe- m Four million workers may not be snffi- with facilities and duplicate records to cial ditTicultiefl. cient to carry on economic production. carry out essential functions in order to - Even hardened shelters are vulnerable insure thesurvival 0ftheU.S. government. I[. FALLOUT PROTECTION to attack.. Protect presidential successors in the event Provide the entire population with pmec- the President is killed in an attack.

tion from radioactive fallout. Construct [V. INDUSTRIAL Problems:~

tens of million;?ofshelters before orduring PROTECTION~ ~ Plan* (iriicriilrate on F,xix:utiv*t hmnch a nuclear attack. Dcvclnp plans 1.0 protect industry from nu- bureaucrats and functions; only a few Problems: clear attack. During a crisis, essential Lcgialative and Judicial branch otliciali .Availablecfinscmction materials maybe workers wwld djsmantle. disperse and inadequate, bury machinery or. phase*. Aftvran atlack, Even hardenG fanlr.ii^ are vulnerable Competency in building effective shel- workers would emerge from shelter, re- todirect-almck and'Jielocationsarepre- ters may be lacking. cover machmp-y mil re^l/trt pnxl~ction. suinnlily known tarheSoviets. the shadow of nuclear holocaust has comes, they will be told how to sur- Reagan's plans change this concept caused fear and anxiety. But rather vive it. Sold to the American people significantly. than go to the source of the problem, as something prudent, responsible this Administration is trying to rem- and humanitarian, the Reagan Ad- The Reagan Plan edy what it regards as a loss of will ministration's civil defense plans are A civil defense policy change was and resolve. Eugene Rostow, the in fact an effort to mobilize the aoci- formally announced in March 1982 rector of the Arms Control and Dis- ety and make nuclear troops out of through the release of President armament Agency, has said, "The the citizenry. Civil defense is now Reagan's National Security Decision magnitude and momentum of the considered a and an integral Directive (NSDD)-26. This policy Soviet arms buildup has wearied part of U.S. nuclear strategy. change received little attention but people to the point of accommodation, goes far beyond PD-41 by expanding isolationism and capitulation. . . . Presidential Directive-41 substantially the scope and impor- It's this fear of nuclear war, this fear The Carter Administration, re- tance of the U.S. civil defense pro- we can't restore a second strike capa- sponding to claim of a civil defense gram. bility, that makes men want to pur- "gap", laid the framework for the en- NSDD-26 represents a commit- sue the absolutely defeatist, suicidal hanced civil defense program. Presi- ment to a national policy of nuclear policies of disengagement and dent Carter authorized new survival. It takes U.S. nuclear isolationism." defense policy in the form of Presi- warfighting plans a significant step According to this notion, it is de- dential Directive (PD)-41 in 1978 further by declaring that civil de- sirable to lessen the American (recently declassified) and reorga- feme now "complements" U.S. re- people's horror of nuclear war by pre- nized the U.S. civil defense bureau- liance on strategic nuclear forces. paring them to survive it. With a cracy through the establishment of Unlike PD-41, the Directive calls for fearless population and a massive the Federal Emergency Manage- the "survival of a substantial portion nuclear weapons buildup, we can ment Agency (FEMA) in 1979. Con- ofthe Americanpeople in theevent of once again intimidate the Soviets gress subsequently endorsed PD-41. a nuclear attack." and maneuver for geopolitical ad- inanamendment to the Federal Civil The decision was made to fund a vantage. Civil defense is envisioned Defense Act of 1950. PD-41 stated major, multi-year civil defense pro- as a major element in this effort. that an improved civil defense pro- gram in spite of reservations ex- Each citizen will be made a nuclear gram would not change the U.S. pol- pressed by the Chairman of the Joint soldier. rather than a nuclear hos- icy of relying on strategic nuclear Chiefs of Staff and the Office of Man- tage. They will not be frightened of forces as the major factor in main- agement and Budget because the nuclear war because, when the time taining deterrence. President program could cost over $10 Billion. THE CENTER FOR DEFENSE INFORMATION PAGE 3

The fiscal year 1983 request for civil cities would require at least a week. defense is $252 million, a 100% in- "Long-war Mentality" 1 For FEMA, a nuclear war must not crease over the previous year. FEMA The other thing this Administra- come toosoon nor toolate or its plans claims the seven year plan will cost tion has categorically rejected is the will not work. An attack during the $4.2 Billion. This figure excludes the short-war, mutually assured de- evacuation could result in more struction, it'll all be over in 20 min- cost of a number of major programs. deaths than if the population had utes so why the hell mess around remained in place. If the evacuation The Reagan civil defense plan con- spending dollars on it. (sic) We're sists of several elements: population trying to inject long-war mentality." were carried out and the attack did not come for several weeks, great. protection, blast sheltering for essen- Louis 0. Guiffi-ida tial workers, industrial protection FEMA Director strains would be put on limited and continuity of government. October 9,1981 resources. The smooth coordination of an Moving the Cities evacuation will require a high degree to shield out radiation. They would The contribution by the public to of volunteerism and calm behavior. then have to stock these structures In fact, problems would result at U.S. nuclear warfighting plans is with food, water, medical and sanita- being prepared and coordinated by every juncture: automobiles would tion supplies, special filtration de- breakdown or run out of gas; some FEMA with the help of state and vices, radiological instruments and local governments. The most visible traffic control personnel would go communication equipment. Spe- with their familiesrather than direct part of the FEMA civilian survival cially trained "shelter managers" program is "crisis relocation." This traffic; and not all essential workers would be assigned to assist in survi- would stay on the job. plan calls for the evacuation of 150 val training and provide leadership million Americans from about 400 Theavailability ofthesupplies and in shelters. "high-risk" areas to about 2000 pre- equipment needed to support an For the tens of millions of people evacuated population and to con- sumably lower risk, "host" areas, at who will not have access to these mil- least50 miles away. "Host" areas are struct tens of millions of fallout shel- lion and a half structures, FEMA has ters is doubtful. Two thousand shel- primarily small, rural towns. The developed elaborate instructions for two kinds of areas which comprise ters for 10,000 people could require the construction of "expedient" fall- 300,000 to 500,000logs. It will be im- FEMA's "high-risk" list are: regions out shelters. These instructions come around 63 "counterforce" rites

Soviet Civil Defense

1 the l950!i, the began ef- limited resourcesand other factors. For in- that U.S. civil defene plans would be L. torts to defend its citizens against nuclear stance. the Soviets have a primitive high- plemented only after evidence of a Soviet weapons. Twice invaded in the twentieth way system and only 5% of the motor vehi- evacuation, in an actual crisis, the U.S. century, it is not surprising thatthesoviet cles the U.S. does. Most people would have could evacuate first. Union dhould be concerned with homeland to walk thirty miles a day. carrying the It is often claimed that Soviet industry defence even in the nuclear age. [n the necessary tools and supplies to construct hasbeenplanned withcivildefense in mind 1960s and 703, a more energetic program, fallout shelters in the country. The bitter and that an active program of protecting though not a crash effort, was initiated. climate could make this difficult in winter; and dispersing machinery exists. In fact, According to a report published in 1978 by mud would present a set of different prob- Soviet industry is more concentrated than the CIA, the Soviet civil defenae program lem during spring' and autumn. It is very U.S. industry and, as the CIA note, the has approximately LOO.000 full-time per- doubtful that Soviet food supplies, in- tendency is for new facilities to be placed sonnel. While costs are unknown., the CIA adequatein peacetime, could begin to meet near existing installations. Little evidence eathatea the Soviet civil defense expendi- wartime needs since &cient stockpiling exists that Soviet efforts to harden eco- ture per year to be $2 Billion. The CIA isclearly out of the question. nomic installations or rapidly disperse computes these costs, as it does military The Administration claims that the them would prevent massive damage from expenditures. by assuming what it would Sovietscould, ina crisis, blackmail theU.S. an attack designed to destroy the economy. coat 1heU.S. todothesame. With314 repre- by implementing their evacuation plans. The Soviets have taken steps to protect a denting manpower casts., these estimates To preventthis. the Administration-rts large number of leaders, somewhat similar are highly inflated. A compulsory civil de- that the US. needs to he able to order a to U.S. plans. Fixed relocation sites are fense training program exists for all citi- counterevacuation. known to U.S. targeteraandare vulnerable zen-i in the Soviet Union-a combination of to direct attack. The new Weinbergec de- [ectures, films, booklets and practical in- It is unlikely thesovieta would ever risk fen= document makes explicit that essen- itruction. Accordimg to the CIA, how- such an adventure. Like the US., the tial to early suocesa in a nuclear war is ever, the Soviet civil defense program is Soviets have never practiced a large scale 'decapitation", the destruction of the plagued by "bureaucratic difficulties and evacuation- Even if they did implement Soviet leadership in their command posts. apathy." their plans, the US. would have ample It should he recognized that civil defense The Soviet urban evacuation plan is time to alert and ready additional nuclear in the Soviet Union perfom other func- similar to the American plan, moving tens forces. More submarines could be sent to tions besides trying to limit the effects of a of milliona of people from the cities to the sea and additional bombers couldhe placed nuclear war. Civil defense is another device country. All of the logistical problems in on alert. Also. missiles could be quickly to instill and maintain a garrison-state the U.S. plan would be compounded retargeted. mentality and the belief that the leaders manyfold in the Soviet Union due to more Although the Administration claims are protecting their people. system 13 much more than a series of existence. This is especially impor- ceive information. Because of the plans, standby administrators, and tant to note today because, under the vulnerability and concentration of record storage centers. It is a direction of PD-58 and the strong the fixed sites in the Relocation Arc, government-in-waiting, which con- support of the Reagan Administra- FEMA has developed a new decen- stantly practices and refines its nu- tion, the system is undergoing a tralized concept as suggested by clear war duties through a series of major expansion in order to play a PD-58. Under this plan, the United elaborate tests and exercises. more central role in U.S. nuclear States is divided into 10 Regions, This government-in-waiting is warfighting strategy. each having its own secret to 'authorized" only by old and very Currently, the backbone of the facilitate presidential succession, broad Congressional acts, such as program is FEMA's relocation center maintain federal authority, and di- the Federal Civil Defense Act of system which was constructed to rect post-attack recovery. 1950. In peacetime, it receives pro- support the two primary COG mis- Many corporations such as AT&T Pam guidance from the Department sions: Presidential Succession and and Exxon also have special facilities of defense and National Security continuity of essential Executive for their senior executives. Council and through a series of agencies- Federal Relocation Centers executive orders and directives, the (FRCst are fallout-protected, self- Presidential Succession most recent of which was President supporting facilities supplied with A series of recent Presidential Di- Carter's PD-58. issued in 1980. The state-of-the-art computer and com- rectives, 53,57, and 58, provide guid- COGprogram will be fully mobilized munication systems to perform a ance to implement continuity ofgov- only during a presidentially declared variety of mobilization functions be- ernment plans. PD-53 and 57 relate, emergency. At that time, sweeping fore, during and after a nuclear war. respectively, to greater communica- emergency authority will be dele- Approximately 100 relocation cen- tions "survivability" and mobiliza- gated. to impose martial law, seize ters are scattered throughout five tion planning. PD-58 was issued in property, and take other measures in states in a 350-mile radius around tandem with the highly publicized support of the nuclear war effort. Washington, D.C., known as the Fed- PD-59,which made explicit the evo- Since its inception over 30 years ago, eral Relocation Arc. Most of these lutionary shift in U.S. nuclear war- the COG program has evaded effec- facilities are connected by satellite, fighting strategies. PD-59 has now tive Congressional oversight and microwave and high-frequency radio been refined andlor superceded by remains outsideofCongressionalcon- communications, as well as under- new guidance which asserts that trol. Many are even unaware of its ground cables, to transmit and re- American nuclear forces "must pre- CENTER FOR DEFENSE INFORMATION PAGE 7

Soviet Civil Defense: "A Leaders, Planes and Games Potemkin Village" The President of the United States, a? Site R, the underground facility which "There is no need to match the the Commander-in-Chid, is the only per- serves as an Alternate National Military 6C3I of Russians. .They make nustakee, who can authorize the use nuclear Command Center (ANMCO, is located . weapons, although this authority may be outside of Fort Ritchie: near too. . .There are not only enough delegated to subordinates in the chain of Camp David. The primary NMCC, which nuclear warheads for direct hits on command virtually without limitation. supports the NCA and the Joint Chiefs of every military target, every city or Thiscommand structure, known astheNa- StolT, is located within the Pentagon. A village, but also for every relocation tional Command Authorities (NCA), dif- number of FEMA officials will travel to area in the US.-or the USSR fers from that of presidential succession Site R and the Pentagon in the event of a . . . oualified Russian observers con- and might conflict with it. The NCA is de- nuclear crisis to assist the military com- cedethat Russian civil defense is a fined as the President and Secretary of De- mand. However, both the Pentagon and phony, a Potemkin village!' fense or their duly deputized alternates or Site R, as well BE all fixed sites. are vulner- puccessors. A hifhlvclassificd document able m attack. Admiral Noel Gayler (Ret.) entitled "The National Command Auihor- While FE.MA'sresponsibilitiesdonoi ex- Senate Foreign Relations ilv" un~vnh-~>fur iJic tr?in+ft'rof military ten6 10 prou-ciing the Notional Citnimand Committfre &&and authority in general and theuse Authorities, the Agency will provide vari- March 16,1982 of nuclear weapons in particular. It bas ous support services to the President or been reported that the chain of emergency others aboard NEACP in the event of nu- 'We do not believe that the command in the Reagan Administration clear war. In addition to maintaining Fed- Soviets' present civil defenses would runs from the President to Vice President eral Emergency Plan D and the Presiden- embolden them deliberately to ex- Bush to Defense Secretary Weinberger, to tial Emergency Action Documents. FEMA also NEACP pose the USSR to a hitler risk of Deputy Defense Secretary Frank Carlucci is drectly involved in nuclear to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs ofStaff war procedures, such as supplying damage nuclear attack." General Vesse?. assessment information and communica- Soviet Civil Defame tion support. A FEMA official 1s to repre- In the event of a nudear emergency, the C.I.A. July 1978 President is to be taken to the National Emergency Airborne Command Post

fNEACW to take champ nf U.S.~ naclear to . - . . .. .--..~ . recent world-wide, nuclearc&nand post vail and be able force the Soviet and conventional forces. NEACPs are spe- Union to seek earliest termination of exercise called "Ivy League". FEMA cially modified Bocine 747 aircran. one of periodically conducts nuclear war games, which is continuously on alert at Andrews hostilities on terms favorable to the raneing from hieh-level NATO to ~residen- Air Force Raitut-. rl'-y4!n niilcs Croni the United States." One of the goals of Wniw House. If. for an? reason, the Presi- PD-58is to expand plans for protect- dent wiinol ~ei:vhNF!ACPintinw,il iiiiglil ing all 16 presidential successors leave without him. The Mili- tary Office and (he Depart.weni ofnefense ian mmmand structures and &mmunica.- tion systems conducted since 1956. The through evacuation and dispersal to maintain a number of Presideniiul game's scenario involve3 a period of in- many separate protected facilities F.n.crL.enfy Ffiriliut-s IPEFs:, lucatfd tense crisis which escalated out of control. throughout the UnitedStates. Rep within arelatvely ~hondistanceof Wasti- resulting in general nuclear war. All ef- ingmn. Fron: these Emergency Facilities. arations for continuity of govern- forts to limit the conflict, includine- mobili- thePresident,ifpossible,wciulabelaken to zation, failed. ment and presidential succession are a landinp strip 10 board NEACP. With of Defense can FEMA and the Department central to U.S. plans to fight and win aerial refueling NEACP remain air- moved over I,MKI civilian and military war. bornefor some 72 hours and, thus, DoD has leaders thrimghout the world in the ex&- nuclear set up scores of PEFs around the globe. With the exception of the Vice use, including two Cabinet successors- Plans for other members of the NCA are men who are in line to succeed the Presi- lees clear hut, in many cases, they would President, FEU is responsible for dent should he die in an attack. The two protecting all presidential succea- accompany the President successors, the Secretaries of Interior and sors. ThePresidential Succession Act L ground-mobile presidential command Commerce, along with "core" teams of offi- poet is being developed which would allow cials from key Executive departments, ul- and the Twenty-Fifth Amendment to the Commander-in-Chid to roam the 1"- timatelv took control of the nation's re- the Constitution designate8 the teretate highwhy system in a tracior- maining cmlien and milimy resources Speaker of the House and Resident Trailer r*ilckt'd w.th coriomlinicfttionqdip fi~in!woofFF:M~'s undcrpround Htpional rnent. It will be disruised as a comerdal Faclitiee. in Ma\nard. Massachusetts and Pro Tempore of the Senate as next in vehicle, such as a van. Denton. Texas. . line after the Vice President, fol- lowed by the heads of Executive de- partments in order of their creation Arcis the key to the newplans, which tion which in one year has tripled the (State, Treasury, Defense, etc.). are to be completed by the end of the Federal Preparedness budget to $148 FEMA has already designed and the 1980s. Many sites will be needed and million. Future budgets throughout White House administers a Central FEMA is identifying possible reloca- the 1980s will be substantial as the Locator System for keeping track of tion facilities in each of the 10 Re- program expands. all successors. Efforts will be made to gions. The COG program will also Saving the Bureaucracy keep some successorsout of Washing- include updates for evacuating and ton at all times. FEMA reportedly relocating a number of "key" Con- Thirty-three Executive depart- has its own surveillance teams to gressional leaders and Supreme ments and agencies have been as- help keep track of the successors. Court Justices. signed emergency responsibilities Greater and more "random disper- These plans have been strongly before, during and after a nuclear d" outside of the Federal Relocation endorsed by the Reagan Administra- war. Under FEMA guidance, each PAGE 8 CENTER FOR DEFENSE INFORMATION agency must prepare plans and as- to carry out their emergency func- likelihood of nuclear war. This is es- sign personnel to carry out these re- tions comes from Federal Prepared- pecially so in time of crisis. As ten- sponsibilities. The program is de- ness Circulars and the National Plan sion builds, the pressure to demon- signed to preserve the United States for Emergency Preparedness, which strate resolve by preparing for government. Currently, essential is undergoing revision. A more de- evacuation and leadership dispersal, records are being duplicated and tailed and classified nuclear war will grow. Either side's decision to stored within the Relocation Arc and plan, Federal Emergency Plan D, evacuate the cities could trigger the the 10 Regions. differs from the National Plan in nuclear war it was designed to pre- All 33 departments or agencies that it contains a set of Presiden- vent. have designated "teams" to carry out tial Emergency Action Documents. Selling this program to the Ameri- different categories of emergency re- These documents would activate can public and Congress is a formid- sponsibilities. Team "A" personnel standby organizations, and formally able task. Crisis relocation plans are have "uninterruptable" functions allow for the exercise and delegation only now being unveiled and are which must be carried out at their of broad emergency powers. meeting with stiff resistance and offices;Team "Bpersonnel must re- outright rejection. These plans are locate to FEMA's "Special Facility" An Unwinnable Race being recognized for what they are, at Mt. Weather near Ben-yville, Vir- Effective protection and national an effort to manipulate and mobilize ginia; Team "C"personnel must relo- survival in a nuclear war, with to- the American public by diverting at- cate to their agency's own, secret day's vast number of nuclear tention from the real problem, the facility somewhere in the Relocation weaponsand their destructive power, dangerous and dynamic nature of the Arc to await further instructions. are impossible. The active pursuit of arms race. To initiate a new race, of A good deal of the specific guidance and belief in a civil defense program nuclear war surviva1,can only lead to which agencies receive from FEMA of significant size will increase the catastrophe.

Tin; STAFF Dire: Rudolph 5. &sin-President, 7tu>Rwsn tear Admiral Gene R- LaBocque Ctll^D^l^&tio^.chil~co.Dl. U.S. Navy lBei.>

Center for Defense Information MOM-PROFIT ORC US POSTAGE 303 Capitol Gallery West 1 WO Maryland Avenue SW C Washington, D.C. 20024 Washington. 0 Pamil No 45490 (202)484-9490 ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTED--- REwRN

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