Voyager the Grand Tour to Interstellar Space
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Mission to Jupiter
This book attempts to convey the creativity, Project A History of the Galileo Jupiter: To Mission The Galileo mission to Jupiter explored leadership, and vision that were necessary for the an exciting new frontier, had a major impact mission’s success. It is a book about dedicated people on planetary science, and provided invaluable and their scientific and engineering achievements. lessons for the design of spacecraft. This The Galileo mission faced many significant problems. mission amassed so many scientific firsts and Some of the most brilliant accomplishments and key discoveries that it can truly be called one of “work-arounds” of the Galileo staff occurred the most impressive feats of exploration of the precisely when these challenges arose. Throughout 20th century. In the words of John Casani, the the mission, engineers and scientists found ways to original project manager of the mission, “Galileo keep the spacecraft operational from a distance of was a way of demonstrating . just what U.S. nearly half a billion miles, enabling one of the most technology was capable of doing.” An engineer impressive voyages of scientific discovery. on the Galileo team expressed more personal * * * * * sentiments when she said, “I had never been a Michael Meltzer is an environmental part of something with such great scope . To scientist who has been writing about science know that the whole world was watching and and technology for nearly 30 years. His books hoping with us that this would work. We were and articles have investigated topics that include doing something for all mankind.” designing solar houses, preventing pollution in When Galileo lifted off from Kennedy electroplating shops, catching salmon with sonar and Space Center on 18 October 1989, it began an radar, and developing a sensor for examining Space interplanetary voyage that took it to Venus, to Michael Meltzer Michael Shuttle engines. -
"Empirical Photometric Control of CTX" —— Robbins Et Al
"Empirical Photometric Control of CTX" —— Robbins et al. TITLE: Empirical Photometric Control of Mars Context Camera Images RUNNING HEAD: Empirical Photometric Control of CTX Stuart J. Robbins*,a ORCID: 0000-0002-8585-2549 Michelle R. Kirchoffa ORCID: 0000-0002-3367-2730 Rachael H. Hoovera ORCID: 0000-0003-0926-7513 *[email protected] *Corresponding Author aSouthwest Research Institute, 1050 Walnut St., Suite 300, Boulder, CO 80302, United States Submitted to Earth and Space Science: 12 Dec 2019 Total Pages – 23; Total Tables – 0; Total Figures – 5 Page 1 "Empirical Photometric Control of CTX" —— Robbins et al. Key Points: • Provide the first broad-scale application of empirical photometric control to Context Camera data. • Resulting mosaics are nearly seamless when images are relatively consistent. • Accuracy of control depends upon accuracy of a reference source. Plain Language Summary (200-word limit): Creating a mosaic of images of planetary surfaces is relatively straightforward: Geometric data of the camera and spacecraft tell us where and how images should be placed relative to each other. Something that is more difficult is matching brightness variations across the images to create a mosaic that appears seamless. Different mathematical mechanisms exist to try to adjust brightness and contrast of overlapping images to match, but this is not always possible. For example, if two overlapping images were taken when the sun was in different locations in the sky, then it will be impossible to get the shadows to match. If clouds or a dust storm dims an image and reduces contrast, it will be hard to match to another that was taken when the atmosphere was clear. -
Monitor 1St Quarter 2019
THE ACADEMY MONITOR VOLUME 13 ISSUE 1 1 GREETINGS FROM THE GREAT HALLS OF LEARNING, S STARFLEET ACADEMY!!! T Q U A R IN THIS ISSUE: T Commandant Article 2 E Academy Information 3-5 Around the Academy R Outstanding Students 6 Academic Excellence Awards 7 Graduates 8-13 Academy Degree Program 14&15 2 Bridge Officers Cert Awards 16 0 Vessel Readiness Cert Program 17 Boothby 18-22 1 Miscellaneous 23-34 Editor Comments 35 9 FROM THE ACTING COMMANDANT The first Quarter of 2019 was insanely busy, as Academy continued to recover from the passing of Glen Diebold on September 26, 2018. We also migrated Academy from its separate server into SFI.org, so that the STARFLEET branding could be applied to Academy, and to eliminate the costs of an extra domain and web hosting. We had to close Glen’s unfinished projects that he left behind, and audit and retire those colleges that were not performing at minimum standards. We were not lacking in volunteers to direct those that were left. Survival Studies (COSS), a favorite among many students, was taken over by myself, the author of the first version of the college. The COSS has gone through a major rewrite and reformat. Long exams were divided into 25-point multiple choice or True and False exams. Three of the four schools are reopened, and the fourth will be open soon, with more exams to be added. Wherever an exam was split into 2 or more exams, the existing graduates was copied over with their grades and completion dates. -
Exoplanet Exploration Collaboration Initiative TP Exoplanets Final Report
EXO Exoplanet Exploration Collaboration Initiative TP Exoplanets Final Report Ca Ca Ca H Ca Fe Fe Fe H Fe Mg Fe Na O2 H O2 The cover shows the transit of an Earth like planet passing in front of a Sun like star. When a planet transits its star in this way, it is possible to see through its thin layer of atmosphere and measure its spectrum. The lines at the bottom of the page show the absorption spectrum of the Earth in front of the Sun, the signature of life as we know it. Seeing our Earth as just one possibly habitable planet among many billions fundamentally changes the perception of our place among the stars. "The 2014 Space Studies Program of the International Space University was hosted by the École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS) and the École des Hautes études commerciales (HEC), Montréal, Québec, Canada." While all care has been taken in the preparation of this report, ISU does not take any responsibility for the accuracy of its content. Electronic copies of the Final Report and the Executive Summary can be downloaded from the ISU Library website at http://isulibrary.isunet.edu/ International Space University Strasbourg Central Campus Parc d’Innovation 1 rue Jean-Dominique Cassini 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden Tel +33 (0)3 88 65 54 30 Fax +33 (0)3 88 65 54 47 e-mail: [email protected] website: www.isunet.edu France Unless otherwise credited, figures and images were created by TP Exoplanets. Exoplanets Final Report Page i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The International Space University Summer Session Program 2014 and the work on the -
The Other Side
Just how did we get there? and space; like Tarzan swinging from technology, and human expertise As the outer planets plod through vine to vine through the jungle, missing to catch up. the frozen void, once every 175 years a transition by even the smallest of JPL formally proposed the Grand they line up in such a way that Jupiter’s margins would spell disaster. A few Tour in 1970, with Harris M. “Bud” gravity can be used to fing a properly months and several reams of graph Schurmeier (BS ’45, MS ’48, ENG aimed spacecraft on toward Saturn, paper later, Flandro had worked out ’49) as the project manager. This was and thence to Uranus and Neptune. In hundreds of itineraries—some reaching an A-team effort: Schurmeier had just THE the spring of 1965, Caltech aeronautics all the way to then-planet Pluto—for presided over the Mariner 6 and 7 grad student Gary Flandro (MS ’60, the upcoming launch window. His fybys of Mars, and his collaborators PhD ’67) was working part-time up boss, Elliott “Joe” Cutting, booked included JPL’s planetary program at JPL analyzing so-called gravity- him a meeting with the chief of JPL’s director, Robert Parks (BS ’44), and its assist trajectories when he realized that advanced technical studies offce, spacecraft systems manager, Raymond OTHER such a four-for-one alignment would aeronautics professor Homer Stewart Heacock (BS ’52, MS ’53). It was also occur between 1976 and 1979; (PhD ’40). Stewart embraced the idea, a gold-plated Cadillac of a mission—a intrigued by the possibilities, he set christening it the Grand Tour. -
Mètodes De Detecció I Anàlisi D'exoplanetes
MÈTODES DE DETECCIÓ I ANÀLISI D’EXOPLANETES Rubén Soussé Villa 2n de Batxillerat Tutora: Dolors Romero IES XXV Olimpíada 13/1/2011 Mètodes de detecció i anàlisi d’exoplanetes . Índex - Introducció ............................................................................................. 5 [ Marc Teòric ] 1. L’Univers ............................................................................................... 6 1.1 Les estrelles .................................................................................. 6 1.1.1 Vida de les estrelles .............................................................. 7 1.1.2 Classes espectrals .................................................................9 1.1.3 Magnitud ........................................................................... 9 1.2 Sistemes planetaris: El Sistema Solar .............................................. 10 1.2.1 Formació ......................................................................... 11 1.2.2 Planetes .......................................................................... 13 2. Planetes extrasolars ............................................................................ 19 2.1 Denominació .............................................................................. 19 2.2 Història dels exoplanetes .............................................................. 20 2.3 Mètodes per detectar-los i saber-ne les característiques ..................... 26 2.3.1 Oscil·lació Doppler ........................................................... 27 2.3.2 Trànsits -
The Day the Earth Smiled
National Aeronautics and and Space Space Administration Administration The Day the Earth Smiled www.nasa.gov Mars Pallene’s Ring Venus Mimas Janus Janus’ Ring Prometheus Pandora Spokes Enceladus Epimetheus Clumps Earth and Moon Tethys On July 19, 2013, in an event celebrated the world advance that their photo would be taken from such a For full details of this image, visit: over, NASA’s Cassini spacecraft slipped into Saturn’s great distance. http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/photos/imagedetails/index. shadow and turned to image the planet, seven of cfm?imageId=4915 its moons, its rings — and, in the background, our This image, which has been contrast-enhanced home planet, Earth. With the sun’s powerful and to bring out details, spans about 405,000 miles The Cassini mission to Saturn is a cooperative potentially damaging rays eclipsed by Saturn itself, (652,000 kilometers) across. In the lower right of the project of the National Aeronautics and Space Cassini’s onboard cameras were able to take advan- mosaic, in between the diffuse, bluish E ring (the Administration (NASA), the European Space Agency tage of this unique viewing geometry. They acquired outermost ring seen here) and the faint but narrower and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion a panoramic mosaic of the Saturn system that allows G ring, is the pale blue dot of our planet, Earth. Look Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of scientists to see details in the rings and throughout closely and you can see the moon protruding from Technology, manages the mission for NASA. -
Exploring Solar-Terrestrial Interactions Via Multiple Observers a White Paper for the Voyage 2050 Long-Term Plan in the ESA Science Programme
Exploring Solar-Terrestrial Interactions via Multiple Observers A White Paper for the Voyage 2050 long-term plan in the ESA Science Programme Pollock et al. 2003 Contact Scientist Graziella Branduardi-Raymont Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK Tel. +44 (0)1483 204133 [email protected] Exploring Solar-Terrestrial Interactions via Multiple Observers Executive summary The central question we propose to address is: How does solar wind energy flow through the Earth’s magnetosphere, how is it converted and distributed? This is a fundamental science question expressing our need to understand how the Sun creates the heliosphere, and how the planets interact with the solar wind and its magnetic field. This is not just matter of scientific curiosity – it also addresses a clear and pressing practical problem. As our world becomes ever more dependent on complex technology – both in space and on the ground – society becomes more exposed to the vagaries of space weather, the conditions on the Sun and in the solar wind, magnetosphere, ionosphere and thermosphere that can influence the performance and reliability of technological systems and endanger human life and health. This fundamental question breaks down to several sub-questions: 1) How is energy transferred from the solar wind to the magnetosphere at the magnetopause? 2) What are the external and internal drivers of the different magnetospheric regimes? 3) How does energy circulate through the magnetotail? 4) How do behaviours in the North and South hemispheres relate to each other? 5) What are the sources and losses of ring current and radiation belt plasma in the inner magnetosphere? 6) How does feedback from the inner magnetosphere influence dayside and nightside processes? Much knowledge has already been acquired through observations in space and on the ground over the past decades, but the infant stage of space weather forecasting demonstrates that we still have a vast amount of learning to do. -
Tradate, Luned 21 Gennaio 2013
Grruuppppoo Assttrroonnoommiiccoo Trraaddaatteessee ATTIVITA’ 2013 ATTIVITA’ 2013 Via Mameli 13 G RUPPO 21049 TRADATE (Va) A STRONOMICO ITALIA http://www.gruppoastronomicotradatese.it T RADATESE Tel./FAX 0331-810117 C.F. 01673900120 Gennaio 2014 O G G E T T O : resoconto attività del GAT durante l'anno 2013 Nel 2013 (39° anno della nostra Associazione) siamo stati molto impegnati nella preparazione di ben due spedizioni nella Lapponia norvegese a caccia di aurore boreali e in due importanti Congressi. Senza per altro trascurare la solita intensissima attività pubblica e didattica. Ecco, comunque, l ‘usuale sintesi delle nostre attività NORMALI (ovvero istituzionali della nostra Associazione) e delle nostre attività SPECIALI (ossia decise anno per anno dal nostro CD). 1) ATTIVITA' NORMALI : si tratta di conferenze pubbliche e di lezioni scolastiche distribuite lungo TUTTO il corso dell'anno. In totale sono state 97 così distribuite: 1a)CONFERENZE PUBBLICHE A TRADATE, sono state 16, quasi sempre localizzate nell’ accogliente platea del CineTeatro P.GRASSI, di norma sempre molto affollato, con una presenza crescente anche di ragazzi delle scuole superiori. Questo grazie alla nostra abitudine di trattare in maniera rigorosamente scientifica ma nel contempo comprensibile a tutti, i temi di più stretta attualità (il cielo incontaminato delle Ande, i pianeti extrasolari, la materia oscura, il 100° anniversario della Deriva dei continenti, ecc, ecc). Da rimarcare che, pur NON godendo il GAT di alcun finanziamento da parte di Enti pubblici, e pur invitando spesso a Tradate ospiti di grande nome, le nostre serate rimangono, per statuto, sempre libere e gratuite per tutti. (vedi allegato 1a). 1b)LEZIONI PRESSO SCUOLE: sono state 50, con circa 130 ore di lezioni (un vero record !). -
NASA PAST and Future: a Personal Memoir
STORY | ASK MAGAZINE | 25 NASA Past anD FUTURE: A PER sonaL MEmoIR BY Ken Randle When I was working for the Sperry Corporation in the sixties, we submitted a proposal to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to provide support for their unmanned space exploration programs. Our proposal won and, in July 1966, I took a team of twenty-three engineers to JPL. I had two responsibilities: manage the team and provide the configuration design of spacecraft for the Future Projects Study team. Mariner 10’s first image of Mercury, Photo Credit: NASA acquired on March 24, 1974. 26 | ASK MAGAZINE Exploring the Solar System For this discovery, Flandro received an award from the British T he Fut u re Projec t s St udy te a m, u nder JPL’s d irec t ion, per formed Interplanetary Society. The grand tour missions would require four six-month feasibility studies for NASA’s consideration. Two an entirely new kind of spacecraft, a design with capabilities far of them became successful missions—a pretty good record. beyond those of the simple machines that had reached the moon, The first study was for a mission to Venus with the release of Venus, and Mars. At the time, Voyager was the most complex a capsule to the surface before going on to a flyby of Mercury. unmanned machine ever designed. There had to be a boom for This became the Mariner 10 mission, the first mission to use the radioisotope thermoelectric generator, another boom for the the gravity assist of one planet to reach another planet. -
Rocketstem • Vol. 2 No. 3 • May 2014 • Issue 7
RocketSTEMVol. 2 • No. 3 • May 2014 • Issue 7 Join the vast legions of citizen scientists at the Zooniverse 10 years of discovery for Cassini at Saturn Jim Adams aligns NASA technology for future missions All the equipment you need for doing astrophotography Discussing string theory, ice cream, and more with physicist Brian Greene the NASA sponsored Earth Day event April 22, 2014 at Union Station in Washington, DC. NASA announced the mosaic. The image is comprised of more than 36,000 individual photos submitted by people around the world. To view the entire mosaic and related images and videos, please visit: http://go.nasa.gov/1n4y8qp. Credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignani Contents Follow us online: Brian Greene facebook.com/RocketSTEM Famed theoretical physicist and string theorist educates us on a variety of topics. twitter.com/rocketstem 06 www.rocketstem.org Astrophotography All of our issues are available via Ready to photograph the a full-screen online reader at: stars? We give you a rundown on the equipment you need. www.issuu.com/rocketstem 16 Editorial Staff Managing Editor: Chase Clark Cassini Astronomy Editor: Mike Barrett A decade of discovery and Photo Editor: J.L. Pickering images while orbiting Saturn, Contributing Writers its rings and 62 moons. Mike Barrett • Lloyd Campbell 22 Brenden Clark • Chase Clark Rich Holtzin • Joe Maness Jim Adams Sherry Valare • Amjad Zaidi During his career at NASA, Contributing Photographers Adams has been involved Paul Alers • Mike Barrett with dozens of missions. Dennis Bonilla • Brenden Clark 38 Lark Elliott • Aubrey Gemignani Dusty Hood • R. Hueso Zooniverse Bill Ingalls • Steve Jurvetson W. -
Voyager Issue 2 Spring 2018
ISSUE The University of Tennessee Space Institute’s 02 May 2018 Voyager Featured in this Highlights Issue A Message from the Executive Director, 2018 Black History Month program Dr. Mark Whorton Recent & Spring is now in full swing at the UT Space Institute and Wu’s Student Upcoming great things are happening. Thanks to Meghan Morris Competition Events for a great job in pulling together our UTSI Newsletter – The UTSI Voyager! We are especially excited about our newsletter title this month because it directly reflects on Astronaut Seddon Accolades our friend and colleague, Dr. Gary Flandro. Dr. Flandro is being honored in May as a Distinguished Alumnus of Caltech for his stellar achievement in conceiving the Students Dominate Featured Grand Tour of outer planets using gravitational assists in AIAA Student Department the Voyager Missions. Please congratulate Dr. Flandro Conference for this well-deserved, high honor. You will also read in the following pages about other great work by our team Welcomes as well as upcoming events. We are excited that our Kraft - Guest Speaker Chancellor, Dr. Beverly Davenport, is bringing her cabinet for AIAA Greater to visit our campus on June 4. Let’s get ready for a great Huntsville Section Student Clubs visit to show that UTSI is the place to be. Schmisseur lead of $9.8 million dollar contract UTSI’s newest family Marvin Look for in each issue! member, Tonya Travis Recent Events at UTSI Dr. Sidney A. 3rd Annual Wu Student Former NASA Astronaut, Rhea McPhee, speaker for Presentation Competition rd Seddon, M.D. 23 Annual African March 28, 2018 at UTSI American History Twelve students competed in the student competition.