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USAID Power Africa Toolbox
202957 - Results Based Financing for Low Carbon Energy Access (Africa) Category: Finance Sub-Category: Grant Funding User: Private Sector Donor: Department for International Development (DFID) Donor Countries: United Kingdom Description: This programme - implemented by the Energising Development (EnDev) partnership, managed by GIZ and RVO – employs a Results Based Financing (RBF) approach to overcome identified market failures that are constraining private sector investment in low carbon energy access (electricity and cooking) in developing countries. This programme targets a range of benefits, including economic growth (through the creation of enterprises and jobs for men and women), reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and improvements in health as a result of clean cooking methods (particularly for women and young children). The programme has expanded considerably in scope since its initial design, and now implements 17 projects as opposed to the 10 originally planned. This means that the portfolio of RBF approaches has the potential to gather an even broader range of lessons than had first been anticipated. Already the approach taken in this programme is influencing the wider energy access community. Location: Sub Saharan Africa On- or Off-Grid: Off-Grid Geography: Global Eligibility: Not Specified Contact information: p-mann@dfid.gov.uk Isabel van de Sand: I-Vandesand@dfid.gov.uk For more information: https://www.gov.uk/guidance/result-based-financing-for-low-carbon-energy-access- Last updated: February 16, 2018 September 27, 2021 Page 1 of 216 Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) Category: Capacity Building Sub-Category: Technical Assistance User: Open to All Donor: United States Department of Energy (DOE) Donor Countries: United States of America Description: The Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) advances high-potential, high-impact energy technologies that are too early for private-sector investment. -
Transversal Politics and West African Security
Transversal Politics and West African Security By Moya Collett A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of Doctor of Philosophy School of Social Sciences and International Studies University of New South Wales, 2008 ORIGINALITY STATEMENT ‘I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge it contains no materials previously published or written by another person, or substantial proportions of material which have been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at UNSW or any other educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis. Any contribution made to the research by others, with whom I have worked at UNSW or elsewhere, is explicitly acknowledged in the thesis. I also declare that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work, except to the extent that assistance from others in the project's design and conception or in style, presentation and linguistic expression is acknowledged.’ Signed Moya Collett…………….............. Date 08/08/08……………………….............. COPYRIGHT STATEMENT ‘I hereby grant the University of New South Wales or its agents the right to archive and to make available my thesis or dissertation in whole or part in the University libraries in all forms of media, now or here after known, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. I retain all proprietary rights, such as patent rights. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis or dissertation. I also authorise University Microfilms to use the 350 word abstract of my thesis in Dissertation Abstract International (this is applicable to doctoral theses only). -
Adult Authority, Social Conflict, and Youth Survival Strategies in Post Civil War Liberia
‘Listen, Politics is not for Children:’ Adult Authority, Social Conflict, and Youth Survival Strategies in Post Civil War Liberia. DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Henryatta Louise Ballah Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2012 Dissertation Committee: Drs. Ousman Kobo, Advisor Antoinette Errante Ahmad Sikianga i Copyright by Henryatta Louise Ballah 2012 ii Abstract This dissertation explores the historical causes of the Liberian civil war (1989- 2003), with a keen attention to the history of Liberian youth, since the beginning of the Republic in 1847. I carefully analyzed youth engagements in social and political change throughout the country’s history, including the ways by which the civil war impacted the youth and inspired them to create new social and economic spaces for themselves. As will be demonstrated in various chapters, despite their marginalization by the state, the youth have played a crucial role in the quest for democratization in the country, especially since the 1960s. I place my analysis of the youth in deep societal structures related to Liberia’s colonial past and neo-colonial status, as well as the impact of external factors, such as the financial and military support the regime of Samuel Doe received from the United States during the cold war and the influence of other African nations. I emphasize that the socio-economic and political policies implemented by the Americo- Liberians (freed slaves from the U.S.) who settled in the country beginning in 1822, helped lay the foundation for the civil war. -
Liberia Short Mission Brief
Liberia Short Mission Brief I. Activity Summary Overview Nearly 25 years of international peace missions in Liberia offer lessons of how multilateral cooperation, focused effort and resolute action can end conflict and keep peace in a troubled neighborhood. Indeed, since 2003 UNMIL has kept the peace. Yet, over this same period, and even going back to the earlier interventions, misaligned interests among the dominant actors and missed opportunities have plagued the missions. In particular, peace missions have done precious little to address, let alone solve, the central drivers of Liberia’s conflict, strengthen local institutions or assist the process of rebuilding trust between the government and the Liberian people. This suggests there are limitations of peace missions as vehicles for state building and development, at least as the missions are currently structured. As the UN moves to shutter UNMIL this becomes particularly visible, along with the broader challenges of closing a mission amid pervasive instability. Background Liberia has suffered from successive, regionally interconnected wars that, at various times, directly included neighboring Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Côte d’Ivoire, while indirectly involving many other states such as Burkina Faso and Libya, in addition to a plethora of near-constantly morphing non-state armed groups. The conflict killed at least tens of thousands[i]. One in four Liberians were displaced.[ii] The economy contracted by 90%.[iii] Life expectancy bottomed out at less than 50 years[iv]. Illiteracy and unemployment skyrocketed. Even today, after 12 years of UNMIL-enforced peace, 84% of Liberians continue to live on less than $1.25/day[v]. -
Irregular Warfare and Liberia's First Civil
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL AND AREA STUDIES 57 Volume 11, Number 1, 2004, pp.57-77 Irregular Warfare and Liberia’s First Civil War George Klay Kieh, Jr. The article examines the causes of the irregular war in Liberia from 1989-1997, the forces and dynamics that shaped the war, the impact of the war on state collapse and the prospects for conflict resolution and peace-building. The findings show that the war was caused by a confluence of factors. Several warlordist militias were the belligerents in the war. The war and its associated violence precipitated the actual collapse of the Liberian State. Finally, the success of the peace-building project would be dependent upon addressing the causes that occasioned the irregular war. Keywords: Regular warfare, irregular warfare, state collapse, conflict resolution, peace-building, Liberia 1. INTRODUCTION Irregular warfare and its consequent precipitous impact on state collapse has been an enduring feature of human affairs. Even long before the inception of the Westphalian state system in the mid-seventeenth century, various state formations in Africa, the Americas, Asia and Europe emerged, and then collapsed. The precipitants ranged from internal imperatives triggered by issues such as the distribution of societal resources and territory, to the external imperialist impulse. In the case of Africa, during the pre-colonial era, several polities emerged, and then collapsed as a consequence of myriad internal and external factors. During the first two decades of the post-colonial era, irregular warfare in African states was minimized by the regulatory dynamics of the “Cold War.” However, since the end of the “Cold War,” the incidence of irregular warfare, especially its capacity to precipitate state collapse, has accelerated. -
A Short History of the First Liberian Republic
Joseph Saye Guannu A Short History of the First Liberian Republic Third edition Star*Books Contents Preface viii About the author x The new state and its government Introduction The Declaration of Independence and Constitution Causes leading to the Declaration of Independence The Constitutional Convention The Constitution The kind of state and system of government 4 The kind of state Organization of government System of government The l1ag and seal of Liberia The exclusion and inclusion of ethnic Liberians The rulers and their administrations 10 Joseph Jenkins Roberts Stephen Allen Benson Daniel Bashiel Warner James Spriggs Payne Edward James Roye James Skirving Smith Anthony William Gardner Alfred Francis Russell Hilary Richard Wright Johnson JosephJames Cheeseman William David Coleman Garretson Wilmot Gibson Arthur Barclay Daniel Edward Howard Charles Dunbar Burgess King Edwin James Barclay William Vacanarat Shadrach Tubman William Richard Tolbert PresidentiaI succession in Liberian history 36 BeforeRoye After Roye iii A Short HIstory 01 the First lIberlJn Republlc The expansion of presidential powers 36 The socio-political factors The economic factors Abrief history of party politics 31 Before the True Whig Party The True Whig Party Interior policy of the True Whig Party Major oppositions to the True Whig Party The Election of 1927 The Election of 1951 The Election of 1955 The plot that failed Questions Activities 2 Territorial expansion of, and encroachment on, Liberia 4~ Introduction 41 Two major reasons for expansion 4' Economic -
Liberian Studies Journal
VOLUME XVI 1991 NUMBER 1 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL 1 1 0°W 8 °W LIBERIA -8 °N 8 °N- MONSERRADO MARGIBI -6 °N RIVER I 6 °N- 1 0 50 MARYLAND Geography Department ION/ 8 °W 1 University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown 1 Published by THE LIBERIAN STUDIES ASSOCIATION, INC. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Cover map: compiled by William Kory, cartography work by Jodie Molnar; Geography Department, University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor VOLUME XVI 1991 NUMBER 1 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL Editor D. Elwood Dunn The University of the South Associate Editor Similih M. Cordor Kennesaw College Book Review Editor Alfred B. Konuwa Butte College EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Bertha B. Azango Lawrence B. Breitborde University of Liberia Beloit College Christopher Clapham Warren L. d'Azevedo Lancaster University University of Nevada Reno Henrique F. Tokpa Thomas E. Hayden Cuttington University College Africa Faith and Justice Network Svend E. Holsoe J. Gus Liebenow University of Delaware Indiana University Corann Okorodudu Glassboro State College Edited at the Department of Political Science, The University of the South PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor CONTENTS ABOUT LANDSELL K. CHRISTIE, THE LIBERIAN IRON ORE INDUSTRY AND SOME RELATED PEOPLE AND EVENTS: GETTING THERE 1 by Garland R. Farmer ZO MUSA, FONINGAMA, AND THE FOUNDING OF MUSADU IN THE ORAL TRADITION OF THE KONYAKA .......................... 27 by Tim Geysbeek and Jobba K. Kamara CUTTINGTON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DURING THE LIBERIAN CIVIL WAR: AN ADMINISTRATOR'S EXPERIENCE ............ -
Joseph Jenkins Roberts Birthday 2009
A PROCLAMATION BY THE PRESIDENT WHEREAS, it is virtuously befitting that a people and a nation, should recognize and pay homage to persons who contributively make significant impact for the installation of the State, and its perpetuity; and WHEREAS, the Creation of the Republic of Liberia, out of the aspiration of the African and his Descendents was made possible by the combined efforts of Those who came to these shores with Those whom they met here, with Joseph Jenkins Roberts, arriving on 9th February 1829 with the Robert’s Family, including his Mother, who wrote that they were “pleased with the Country and had not the least desire to leave” for any other place; and WHEREAS, Joseph Jenkins Roberts was preeminent in fostering the Movement of the “Colony” to inspire all those concerned resulting in the Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Liberia on July 26, 1847, thus becoming “the Father of the Nation”; and WHEREAS, under his Leadership as Governor from 1822 to 1847, and as President, from 1847 to 1855, and then, from 1871 to 1876, Liberia developed along the West African Coast from the Shebro River to the Pedro River, counting approximately 600 miles of seacoast; and WHEREAS, under the role of an effective and objective Leadership, he substantiated many diplomatic, legal, political and social cornerstones for the continuation of the Republic of Liberia, which have remained as irrepressible and irreplaceable until today, from which our present Republic draws its strength in its independence and sovereign interactions with -
2018-2019 National History Bowl Round 6
NHBB C-Set Bowl 2018-2019 Bowl Round 6 Bowl Round 6 First Quarter (1) This politician was dogged by accusations of an affair with Nan Britton. The Four Power Treaty was signed when this man called the Washington Naval Conference to limit arms. This man, who appointed the first Cabinet member to go to prison, died of a cerebral hemorrhage before the Teapot Dome scandal was brought to light. For ten points, name this US president who promised a \return to normalcy" and was succeeded by Calvin Coolidge. ANSWER: Warren Harding (2) Members of this group in Shanghai organized a seven-day camp at the Moganshan resort. The motto \Blood and Honor" was adopted by this group, which was led by Baldur von Schirach and Artur Axmann. Volkssturm commonly drafted members of this group, one unit of which assisted the Kriegsmarine. An organization similar to this one that was only open to women was the League of German Girls. For ten points, name this organization consisting of boys who assisted the Nazi effort. ANSWER: Hitler Youth (accept Hitlerjugend) (3) An obelisk in this location includes bas-reliefs of eight historical moments and proclaims \Eternal glory to the heroes of the people." While covering an event in this location, a thrown rock nearly killed photographer Jeff Widener. This location's Great Hall of the People contained a banquet hall that Richard Nixon visited during a 1972 visit. A man was shown standing in front of a tank in a photo taken during a 1989 protest in this location. For ten points, name this square in Beijing. -
TRC of Liberia Final Report Volum Ii
REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA FINAL REPORT VOLUME II: CONSOLIDATED FINAL REPORT This volume constitutes the final and complete report of the TRC of Liberia containing findings, determinations and recommendations to the government and people of Liberia Volume II: Consolidated Final Report Table of Contents List of Abbreviations <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<............. i Acknowledgements <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<... iii Final Statement from the Commission <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<............... v Quotations <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 1 1.0 Executive Summary <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 2 1.1 Mandate of the TRC <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 2 1.2 Background of the Founding of Liberia <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<... 3 1.3 History of the Conflict <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<................ 4 1.4 Findings and Determinations <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 6 1.5 Recommendations <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<... 12 1.5.1 To the People of Liberia <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 12 1.5.2 To the Government of Liberia <<<<<<<<<<. <<<<<<. 12 1.5.3 To the International Community <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 13 2.0 Introduction <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 14 2.1 The Beginning <<................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Profile of Commissioners of the TRC of Liberia <<<<<<<<<<<<.. 14 2.3 Profile of International Technical Advisory Committee <<<<<<<<<. 18 2.4 Secretariat and Specialized Staff <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 20 2.5 Commissioners, Specialists, Senior Staff, and Administration <<<<<<.. 21 2.5.1 Commissioners <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<. 22 2.5.2 International Technical Advisory -
Liberian Studies Journal
VOLUME XIV 1989 NUMBER 2 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL r 8 °W LIBERIA -8 °N 8 °N- MONSERRADO MARGIBI MARYLAND Geography Department 10 °W University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown 8oW 1 Published by THE LIBERIAN STUDIES ASSOCIATION, INC. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Cover map: compiled by William Kory, cartography work by Jodie Molnar; Geography Department, University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor VOLUME XIV 1989 NUMBER 2 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL Editor D. Elwood Dunn The University of the South Associate Editor Similih M. Cordor Kennesaw College Book Review Editor Dalvan M. Coger Memphis State University EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Bertha B. Azango Lawrence B. Breitborde University of Liberia Beloit College Christopher Clapham Warren L. d'Azevedo Lancaster University University of Nevada Reno Henrique F. Tokpa Thomas E. Hayden Cuttington University College Africa Faith and Justice Network Svend E. Holsoe J. Gus Liebenow University of Delaware Indiana University Corann Okorodudu Glassboro State College Edited at the Department of Political Science, The University of the South PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor CONTENTS THE LIBERIAN ECONOMY ON APRIL 1980: SOME REFLECTIONS 1 by Ellen Johnson Sirleaf COGNITIVE ASPECTS OF AGRICULTURE AMONG THE KPELLE: KPELLE FARMING THROUGH KPELLE EYES 23 by John Gay "PACIFICATION" UNDER PRESSURE: A POLITICAL ECONOMY OF LIBERIAN INTERVENTION IN NIMBA 1912 -1918 ............ 44 by Martin Ford BLACK, CHRISTIAN REPUBLICANS: DELEGATES TO THE 1847 LIBERIAN CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION ........................ 64 by Carl Patrick Burrowes TRIBE AND CHIEFDOM ON THE WINDWARD COAST 90 by Warren L. -
Liberian Studies Journal
VOLUME VI 1975 NUMBER 1 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL (-011111Insea.,.... , .. o r r AFA A _ 2?-. FOR SALE 0.1+* CHARLIE No 4 PO ßox 419, MECNttt+ ST tR il LIBERIA C MONROVIA S.. ) J;1 MMNNIIN. il4j 1 Edited by: Svend E. Holsoe, Frederick D. McEvoy, University of Delaware Marshall University PUBLISHED AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor African Art Stores, Monrovia. (Photo: Jane J. Martin) PDF compression, OCR, web optimizationi using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor VOLUME VI 1975 NUMBER 1 LIBERIAN STUDIES JOURNAL EDITED BY Svend E. Holsoe Frederick D. McEvoy University of Delaware Marshall University EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Igolima T. D. Amachree Western Illinois University J. Bernard Blamo Mary Antoinette Brown Sherman College of Liberal & Fine Arts William V. S. Tubman Teachers College University of Liberia University of Liberia George E. Brooks, Jr. Warren L. d'Azevedo Indiana University University of Nevada David Dalby Bohumil Holas School of Oriental and African Studies Centre des Science Humaines University of London Republique de Côte d'Ivoire James L. Gibbs, Jr. J. Gus Liebenow Stanford University Indiana University Bai T. Moore Ministry of Information, Cultural Affairs & Tourism Republic of Liberia Published at the Department of Anthropology, University of Delaware James E. Williams Business Manager PDFb compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor CONTENTS page THE LIBERIAN ECONOMY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY: THE STATE OF AGRICULTURE AND COMMERCE, by M. B. Akpan 1 THE RISE AND DECLINE OF KRU POWER: FERNANDO PO IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, by Ibrahim K.