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Optimising the Size and Quality of Sardines Through Real-Time Harvest Monitoring

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Optimising the Size and Quality of Sardines Through Real-Time Harvest Monitoring Optimising the size and quality of Sardines through real-time harvest monitoring Mark Doubell, Tim Ward, Paul Watson, Charles James, Jonathan Carroll and Ana Redondo Rodriguez Project No. 2013/746 August 2015 This project was conducted by The South Australian Research and Development Institute This work may be cited as: Doubell, M.J, Ward, T.M., Watson, P., James, C., Carroll, J. and Redondo Rodriguez, A. (2015). Optimising the size and quality of Sardines through real-time harvesting. Prepared by the South Australian Research and Development Institute (Aquatic Sciences), Adelaide. CRC Project No. 2013/746. 47pp. ISBN: 978-1-921563-82-9 Copyright, 2015: The Seafood CRC Company Ltd, the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation and the South Australian Research and Development Institute. This work is copyright. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth), no part of this publication may be reproduced by any process, electronic or otherwise, without the specific written permission of the copyright owners. Neither may information be stored electronically in any form whatsoever without such permission. The Australian Seafood CRC is established and supported under the Australian Government’s Cooperative Research Centres Program. Other investors in the CRC are the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation, Seafood CRC company members, and supporting participants. Office Mark Oliphant Building, Laffer Drive, Bedford Park SA 5042 Postal Box 26, Mark Oliphant Building, Laffer Drive, Bedford Park SA 5042 Tollfree 1300 732 213 Phone 08 8201 7650 Facsimile 08 8201 7659 Website www.seafoodcrc.com ABN 51 126 074 048 Important Notice Although the Australian Seafood CRC has taken all reasonable care in preparing this report, neither the Seafood CRC nor its officers accept any liability from the interpretation or use of the information set out in this document. Information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. - - 2 - - Table of Contents List of Tables ......................................................................................................... - 4 - List of Figures........................................................................................................ - 5 - Principal Investigator and Objectives ..................................................................... - 7 - Non-Technical Summary ....................................................................................... - 7 - Acknowledgements ............................................................................................... - 9 - 1. Introduction ............................................................................................ - 10 - 1.1 Need .................................................................................................................... - 11 - 2. Methods ................................................................................................ - 12 - 2.1 Objective 1: To empower industry to conduct real-time monitoring of fish size and quality in relation to key environmental parameters. ................... - 12 - Objective 3: To establish a co-management system for optimising the size, quality and value of fish harvested by the SASF using industry collected data and near real-time map underlays of key environmental variables. .................. - 12 - 2.2 Objective 2: To determine the key environmental factors influencing the spatial distribution and size of fish. ................................................................. - 14 - 2.2.1 General Analytical Approach .................................................................. - 14 - 2.2.2 Spawning Habitat ...................................................................................... - 15 - 2.2.3 Juvenile and Adult Habitat ....................................................................... - 17 - Results and Discussion ....................................................................................... - 18 - 3.1 Objective 1: To empower industry to conduct real-time monitoring of fish size and quality in relation to key environmental parameters. ................... - 18 - Objective 3: To establish a co-management system for optimising the size, quality and value of fish harvested by the SASF using industry collected data and near real-time map underlays of key environmental variables. .................. - 18 - 3.1.1 Results ........................................................................................................ - 18 - 3.1.2 Discussion .................................................................................................. - 20 - 3.2 Objective 2: To determine the key environmental factors influencing the spatial distribution and size of fish. ................................................................. - 21 - 3.2.1 Results: Spawning Habitat ...................................................................... - 21 - 3.2.2 Discussion: Spawning Habitat ................................................................ - 24 - 3.2.3 Results: Juvenile and Adult Habitat ....................................................... - 26 - 3.2.4 Discussion: Juvenile and Adult Habitat ................................................. - 30 - - - 3 - - 3. Conclusion ............................................................................................. - 32 - 4. Benefits and Adoption............................................................................ - 33 - 5. Further Development ............................................................................. - 33 - 6. Planned Outcomes ................................................................................ - 33 - 5. References ............................................................................................ - 35 - Appendices ......................................................................................................... - 38 - 1. PROJECT STAFF ............................................................................................. - 38 - 2. ACCESSING IMOS SATELLITE DATA ......................................................... - 38 - List of Tables Table 1. Variable range and explained deviance of Sardine egg presence/absence by each factor. ....................................................................... - 21 - Table 2. (Top) Explained deviance for multiple predictor GAMs. The full model retained for spawning habitat prediction is highlighted in grey. (Bottom) Estimated degrees of freedom (EDF) and p-value for each predictor variable used in the full model for spawning habitat prediction. ......................................... - 22 - Table 3. Results of the GAM validation for potential spawning habitat showing the percentage explained deviance, cross-validation AUC and accuracy measures. Model validation was based on an assessment of predictive capability by excluding each tested years data from the model build for validation. Values are provided for the full GAM model which included the 5 predictor variables shown in Table 2 and an operational model based on 3 predictor variables (i.e. depth (m) and satellite measures of sea surface temperature (C) and chlorophyll a (µg/l)). .......................................................... - 23 - Table 4. Variable range and explained deviance of Sardine length classes (juvenile/small and adult/large) presence/absence by each factor. ...................... - 26 - Table 5. (Top) Explained deviance for multiple predictor GAMs. The model retained for size class (Small/Large) habitat prediction is highlighted in grey. (Bottom) Estimated degrees of freedom (EDF) and p-value for each predictor variable used in the full model for spawning habitat prediction. ........................... - 26 - Table 6. Results of the full GAM validation showing the explained deviance, AUC and cross-validation accuracy measure for small (juvenile) and large (adult) fish length classes. Model validation was based on an assessment of predictive capability by excluding each tested years data from the model build for validation. ....................................................................................................... - 29 - - - 4 - - List of Figures Figure 1. Schematic diagram describing the SASIA led monitoring and harvest co-management system. Samples taken from commercial vessels are measured for fish length in port by industry representatives using a single electronic fish measurement board. The measurement board is linked wirelessly to a database which stores measures of fish length and additional data necessary for the spatial management of the fishery. Mapping software is linked to the database to provide maps showing the distribution of Sardines by different size classes. Maps can incorporate coincident satellite measures of environmental variables (e.g. sea surface temperature) as underlays. Maps are updated fortnightly to provide near real-time information on shifts in the distribution of Sardines in relation to environmental drivers. This information is used as part of a co-management system between Industry managers, SARDI and PIRSA Fisheries and Aquaculture to optimise harvest practices. .................. - 12 - Figure 2. Map of the South Australian Sardine stock assessment survey region. The locations of sampling sites included to derive the egg presence/absence data for each survey year are shown. .................................... - 16 - Figure 3. Map of the South Australian region showing the location of commercial catch
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