1906. CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-SENA.TE. · 327

Also, paper to accompany bill for relief of Paul E. Ayer-to ARLINGTON (VA.) NATIONAL CEMETERY. the Committee on Pensions. The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica­ By 1\Ir. LILLEY: Papers to accompany bills for relief of tion from the Secretary of War, recommending that section 4S'i5 Laura 1\1. -Keyes and Silas E. Buckland-to the Committee on of the Revised Statutes be amended so as to provide a comperr­ Invalid Pen ions. sation of $100 per month, with fuel and quarters, for the Su­ By 1\lr. LINDSAY: Petition of colored citizens of Boston, perintendent of the Arlington (Va.) National Cemetery; which Mass., against the President's order discharging Companies B, was referred to the Committee on Military Affalrs, and or­ C, and D of tbe Twenty-fifth Infantry, United States Army­ dered to be printed. to. the Committee on Military Affairs. AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANIC A.RIS. By 1\Ir. LOUDENSLAGER: Petition of Thorofare Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, against free distribution of seeds-to The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica­ the Committee on Agriculture. tion from the Secretary of the- Interior, transmitting, pursuant By Mr. 1\lAHON: Petition of Lewisburg Council, No. 926, to law, a report of the disbursements for the fiscal year ending .Junior Order United Americ..'lil Mechanics, favoring restriction June 30, 1907, made in the States and Territories under the of immigration (S. 4403)-to the Committee on Immigration provisions of an act to apply a portion of the proceeds of tJJe and Naturalization. public lands to the more complete endowment and support of By l\Ir. PATTERSON: Petition of E. Wetzmann & Co., schools for the benefit of the agricultural and mechanic arts, against legislation in the copyright law against mechanical in­ etc.; which was referred to the Committee on Territories, and strument music-to the Committee on Patents. ordered to be printed. By Mr. RAINEY: Petition of A. W. 1.\lcGeachin and 44 EXPERIMENTS WITH CHOLERA ·VIRUS IN THE PHILIPPINES. others, for a service pension-to the Committee on Invalid fen­ The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica­ sions. tion from the Secretary of War, transmitting, in response to a By Mr. RHODES: Paper to accompany bill for relief of resolution of the Senate of the 12th instant, facts pertaining· to Lewis Rockwell-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. experiments with cholera virus alleged to have be(m made at AI o, paper to accompany bill for relief of 'Villiam H. Piice­ Manila upon prisoners by Surg. Richard P. Strong, United to the Committee on ·Military Affairs. States Army, etc.; wfiich was referred to the Committee on the By Mr. PADGETT: Papers to accompany bills for relief of Philippines,. and ordered to be printed. Hugh H. Brown, James S. Beard, and James ,V. Stanley-to MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. the Committee on War Claims. By Mr. SPERRY: Petition of the Veteran.>s Association of A message from the House of Rep-resentatives, by :Mr. W. J. the First Reginlent Connecticut Volunteer Infantry, Spanish­ BROWNING, its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had passed American war, for reestablishment ·of the ~ nteen in the Army­ a concurrent resolution providing that when the two Houses to the Committee on Military Affairs. adjourn on Thursday, December 20, 1906, they stand adjourned Also, petition of the Business Men's Association of New until Thursday, January 3., 1907; in whi-ch it requested the. con­ IIaven, Conn., for forest reservations in the White and South­ currence of the Senate. ern Ap.p:ilacbia.n mountains-to the Committee on Agriculture. HOLIDAY RECESS. By 1\fr. SHERMAN : Paper to accompany bill for relief of Mr. HALE. I ask the Chair to lay bef.)re the Senate the reso­ .James Swan~to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. lution just received from the House of Representatives. By Mr. TALBor.rT: Petitions of Fairmount Council, No. 63; The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the concur­ Franklin Council, No. 150; Relief Council, No. 36; New Wind­ re-nt resolution of the House of Representatives; which was sor Council, No. 44; Guiding Star Council, No. 9; Independence read, as f~llows : Council, No. 98; Mechanicsville Council, No. 78; Alesia Hall Rcsoh:ed by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), Coundl ; Multiply Council, No. 4; Mount Royal Council, No. That when th-e two Houses adjourn on '.rhursday, December 20, th-ey 61, and Mason and Dixon Line Council, No. 141, Junior Order stand adjourned until 12 o'clock meridian, January 3-, 1907. United American Mechanics, favoring resbiction ·of immigra­ l\f.r. HALE. I ask that the resolution of the House be sent tion (S. 4403)-to the Committee on Immigration and Natu­ to tb.e Committee on Appropriations. ralization. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The concurrent resolution will be By 1\Ir. ·WACHTER: Petition of American Council, No. 60; referred to the Committee on Appr6priations. Wabash Council, No. 73; Riverside Council, No. 105; Ells­ PETITIONS AND ME:MORU..LS. worth Council, No. 158, and Baltimore Council, No. 1,. Junior Mr. KEAN presented the memorial of Frank C. Storck, of Red Order United American Mechanics; Liberty Council, No. 6, Bank, N. J., and the memorial of D. Wolff & Co., of Newark, Daughters of Liberty, of Baltimore, 1\Id. ; Eutaw Coun-cil, No. N. J., remonstrating against the adoption of a certain amend-· · 77, and Friendship Council, No. 7, Junior Order United American ment to the copyright bill relating to musical instruments; which Mechanics; Defender Council, No. 6, Daughters of_ America, of were referred to the Committee on Patents. Baltimore, 1\fd. ; Monumental Council, No. 13, Daughters of He also presented a memorial of Thorofare Grange, No~ 59, Liberty, of Baltimore, Md.~ and 1\Iaryland Council, No. 2, Junior Patrons of Husbandry, of Thorofare, N . .J., and a memorial of Order United American Mechanics, favoring restriction of immi­ Upper Township Grange, No. 139, Patrons of Husbandry, of grution (S. 4403)-to the Oommittee on Immigration and Nat­ Tuctmho:e, N. J., remonstrating against any further appropria­ uralization. tion being made for the free distribution of seeds and plants ; Also, paper to accompany bill for relief of :M. H. Plunkett-to which were referred to the Committee on Agriculture and the Committee on Naval Affairs. Forestry. By Mr. WOODYARD: Petition of citizens of the Fourth Con­ Mr. PLATT presented the petition of F. C. Colton, of New gressional district of West Virginia, for an appropriation to im­ York City, N. Y., praying for an investigation into the existing prove the Little Kanawha River-to the Committee on Rivers conditions in the Kongo Free State; which was referred to the and Harbors. Committee on Foreign Relations. By Mr. ZENOR: Paper to accompany bill for relief of John D. He also presented a petition of the New York branch of the Myers-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. · National League of Com.niission Merchants of the United States, praying that reciprocal trade relations with Germany be estab­ lished, especially relative to the fruit industry; which was re­ SENATE. ferred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. THUI1SDAY, Decembe-r 13, 1906. He also presented a memorial of the board of managers of the New York Produce Exchange, of New York City, N. Y., re­ Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. EDWARD E. HALE. monstrating against the enactment of legislation providing for 'lhe Secretary proceeded to read the .Journal of yesterday's the free distribution of seeds; which was referred to the Com­ proceedings, when, on request of Mr. KEAN, and by unanimous mittee on Agriculture and Forestry. consent, the further reading was dispensed with. · He also presented memorials of sundry citiz-ens of New York IIIGIIWAYS IN CHICKASAW AND CHOCTAW NATIONS. City and Brooklyn, N. Y., remonstrating against the enactment The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a Qommunicu­ of legislation requiring certain places of business in the District tion from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting a copy of a of Columbia to be closed on Sunday; which were referred to the memorial of the legislature of the Chickasaw Nation, approved Committee on tlie District of Columbia. by the governor of that nation September 20, 1906, relative to 1\fr. BRANDEGEE presented a petition of the First Regiment, the establishment of public highways or roads in the Chickasaw Spanish War Veterans, of New Britain, Conn., praying for the and Choctaw nations; which, with the accompanying papers, reestablishment of the Army canteen; which was referred to was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs, and -ordered the Committee. on Military-Affairs. to be printed. Mr. MARTIN presented a petition of the Chamber of Com- 328 CONGRESSIONAL ·RECORD--SENATE. DECEMBER 13,

merce. Board of Trade, and the Business l\Ien's Association of the Senate, as in Committ~e of tbe Wh"ole, proceeded to ·its Norfolk, Va., praying for the enactment of legislation providing consideration. for an increase in the salaries of post-office clerks; which was The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or­ r.eferrcd to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, l\Ir. CULLOl\1 presented a petition of the Banker's Club Of and passed. Chicago, Ill., praying for the enactment of legislation providing ADJOURNMENT TO M:OND_AY. for a bank-note currency to meet the requirements Of the busi­ l\Ir. HALE. I move that when the Senate adjourns to-day ness of the country ; which was referred to the Committee on it be -to meet on l\londay next. Finance. • _ The motion was agreed to. 1\Ir. GALLINGER presented a petition of the South Washing­ ton Citizens' Asso iation, of the District of Columbia, praying REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. for the enactment of legislation providing for the discontinuance 1\lr. FRYE, from the Committee on Commerce, to whom was of grade crossings ; which was referred to the Committee on referred the bill ( S. 6754) granting to the Siletz Po\Yer and the District of Columbia. Manufacturing Company a right of way for a water ditch or Mr. LODGE presented a memorial of sundry citizens of Buck­ canal through the Siletz Indian Reservation, in Oregon, asked land, l\fass., and a memorial of sundry citizens of South Am­ to be discharged from its further consideration, and that it be herst, 1\fass., remonstrating against the enactment of legislation referred to the Committee on Indian .Affairs; which was agreed authorizing the closing on Stmday of certain places of business to. in the District of Columbia; which were referred to the Com­ 1\Ir. WARREN, from the Committee on 1\Iilitary Affairs, to mittee on the District of Columbia. whom was referred the bill (H. R. 4554) to remove the charge l\Ir. DRYDEN presented a petition of sundry citizens of New­ of absence without leave and reported desertion from the mili­ ark, N. J., praying for an investigation of the charges made and tary record of J. 1!..... Wisnewski, reported it without amendment, filed against Hon. REED SMOOT, a Senator from the State of and submitted a report thereon. Utah; which was ordered to lie on the table. 1\Ir. CRANE, from the Committee on Commerce, to whom was He also presented a petition of the faculty of Columbia Col­ referred the bill (S. 6729) authorizing the President to ap­ lege, of Paterson, N. J., praying for the enactment of legislation point Webb C. 1\Iaglatblin a second assistant engineer in the to include college publications in second-class mail matter; which Revenue-Cutter Service, reported it without amendment, and was referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. submitted a ~·eport thereon. He also presented a petition of the Board of Trade of Red DILLS INTRODUCED. Bank, N. J., praying for the enactment of legislation providing for the classification of salaries of clerks in post-offices of the 1\fr. NELSON introduced a bill (S. 7139) granting an honor­ .first and second class; which was referred to the Committee able discharge to Leonard Thielman; which was read twice by on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. its title, and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. He also presented a petition of the New Jersey Bankers' Asso­ 1\Ir. FRYE introduced the following bills; which were sever­ ciation, of Jersey City, N. J., and a petition of the Second ally read twice by their titles, and, with the accompanying pa­ National Bank of Jersey City, N. J., praying for the adoption of pers, referred to the Committee on Pensions : an amendment to the so-called "railroad rate bill" relative to A bill (S. 7140) granting an increase of pension to Charles bills of lading; which were re;ferred to the Committee on Inter­ E. Dunn; state Commerce. A blll (S. 7141) granting an increase of pension to Daniel l\Ir. BULKELEY presented a memorial of Rippowan Grange, Guptill; and No. 145, Patrons of Husbandry, of Long Ridge, Conn., remon­ A bill (S. 7142) granting an increase of pension to Selden strating against the enactment of legislation providing for the Dawes. distribution of free seeds; which was referred to the Committee l\Ir. CULLOM introduced a bill (S. 7143) directing the Post­ on Agriculture and Forestry. master-General to credit John A. Bingham, late postmaster at He also presented a memorial of the First Regiment Connecti­ Vandalia, Ill., in the sum of $500, on account of stamps lost by cut Volunteer Infantry, Spanish-American war, of New Britain, burglary ; wpich was read twice by its title, and referred to the Conn., remonstrating against the enactment of legislation to re­ Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. peal the present anticanteen law; which was referred to the He also introduced the following bills; which were sever­ Committee on Military Affairs. ally read twice by their re pccti"re titles, and referred to the He also presented the memorial of W. N. C. Carlton, librarian Committee on Pensions: - - of Trinity College Library, Hartford, Conn., remonstrating A bill (S. 7144) granting an increase of pension to Joel against the enactment of legislation to amend and consolidate Brown; and -the acts respecting copyright; which was referred to the Com­ A bill (S. 7145) granting a pension to Louise H. Curtis. mittee on Patents. l\fr. PLATT introduced the following bill ; which were sever­ ally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee on PREVENTION OF COLLISIONS AT SEA. Finance: l\Ir. FRYE. From the Committee on Commerce I report back A bill (S. 7146) to provide for the compensation of the ap­ favorably without amendment the bill (S. 6855) to amend the praiser of merchandise at the port of New York; and .act approved August 19, 1890, entitled "An act to adopt regu- A bill ( S. 7147) to amend section 2536 of the Revised Statutes lations for preventing collisions at sea." - relative to assistant appraisers at the port of New York, and I was instructed by the Committee on Commerce to ask further defining their powers, duties, and compensation. unanimous consent for the present consideration of this bill. 1\fr. PENROSE introduced a bill (S. 7148) for the relief of It is very important that it shall become a law at the present Jabez Burchard; which was read twice by its title, and, with the session. The International Maritime Congress several years accompanying paper, referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. ago met to consider rules and regulations to prevent collisions He also inh·oduced a bill (S. 7149) for the relief of Joseph V. at sea. All the maritime nations agreed upon certain rules and Cunningham and other officers of the Philippine Volunteers; regulations, and the United States adopted those rules and regu­ which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Corninit­ lations by law, as it was obliged to do. tee on Claims. The fishing interests were not considered at that time, but He also introduced the following bills; which were severally since then they have been pursuing the inquiry as to what rules re~d twice by their titles, and, with the accompanying papers, and regulations were required for fishing craft, and all the mari­ referred to the Committee on Pensions: time nations have finally agreed upon rules and regulations A bill (S. 7150) granting an increase of pension to John Bell; touching fishing vessels. Therefore it becomes necessary that A bill (S. 7151) granting an increase of pension to Jonathan we shall unite with them, and the only way we can do it is by n. lleber; enacting into law those rules and regulations. . _ A bill (S. 7152) granting an increase of pension to Jacob I will say in relation to the fishermen that circulars were Foust; sent to nearly if not quite all who are interested in fishing A bill ( S. 7153) granting a pension to Edwin R. Smith; and vessels, and nine replies out of ten were in favor of the rules A bill ( S. 7154) granting an increase of pension to Samuel A. and regulations us agreed to by the Maritime Congress. The l\1iller. only objection raised by anyone to them was the additional cost Mr. ALLEE introduced a bill (S. 7155) to provide for the pur­ to the fishermen. That is a mere bagatelle, and it ought not chase of a site and the erection of a public building thereon in to be considered in the matter of collisions. - the city of Georgetown, State of Delaware; which was read I ask unanirpous consent for the present consideration of twice by its title, and refelTed to the Committee on Public Build­ the bill. ings and Grounds. The Secretary read the bill ; and there being no objection, He also introduced a bill (S. 7156) granting an ihcr~ase of

) 1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. 329

pension to John W. Thomas; which was read twice by its title, severally read twice QY tbeir titles, and referred to the Com­ and referred to the Committee on Pensions. mittee on Public Buildings and Grotmds : 1\.lr. A~KENY inh·oduced a bill (S. 7157) granting an increasP. .A bill ( S. 7180) for the purchase of a site for a Federal of pen ion to Austin S. Dunning; which was read twice by its building for the United States post-office at Hickory, N. C. ; title, and r<'ferred to the Committee on Pensions. A bill (S. 7181) to provide for the purchase of a site and the Jr. SCOTT introduced a bill ( S. 7158) for the relief of the erection thereon of a public building at Gastonia, N. C.; trustees of the Presbyterian Chur

· A bill ( S. 7210) for the relief of the trustees of the Presbyte­ bas many branches. The Mormons trade with the Zion Coou.era~ rian Church of Mount Sterling, Ky. tive Mercantile Institution, and it is almost impossible for a ­ SENATOR FROM UTAH. non-Mormon to compete with the Zion Cooperative Mercantile The VICE-PRESIDENT. If there are no concurrent or other Institution in a community where the ·Mormons are in the resolutions, the morning business is closed. great majority. l\lr. BURROWS. I ask the Chair to lay before the Senate The leaders · of the church and those high· in its councils are re~lution No. 143. the directors and managers and controllers of this high com­ The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Chair lays before the Senate mercial institution. The leaders are also presidents and direct~ tlle resolupon indicated by the Senator from Michigan. ors of banks, mining companies, railroad companies, electrical The Senate resumed the consideration of the resolution re­ companies, summer and bathing resorts, theaters, etc. . In fact, ported June 11, 1006, from the Committee on Privileges and the hierarchy and the church are controlling spirits in all sorts Elections, which was read, as follows: • of business enterprises. . Resolved, That REED SMOOT is not entitled to a seat as a Senator of They are not made president of the church and apostles be~ the United States from the State of Utah. cause they are successful business men and because they are Mr. DUBOIS. Mr. President. it is difficult to describe con­ presidents and directors of these various business organiz at ions~ ditions in· Utah and the surrounding country where the Mormons but they become directors and controllers in these organizat ions are in great numbers so that one not familiar can form an ade­ by virtue of their being president of the church and apostles, quate idea of the situation. and after they have been selected as president or apostles of the Negro dcmination in the South would not be tolerated by the church. · white man, and, finally, the entire North bas come to sympathize The constant tendency is to make the church and state one; wHb the white people of the South in their determination ·that with the church in control. This has been so completely and so the black race shall not be supreme in political affairs. ingeniously carried out that it is impossible in any affair, tem­ The same principle is involved in the contest which the non- poral, spiritual, or political, to tell where t11e authority of the 1\formons are making again~t the political control of the Mormon church begins or ends. It is impossible to separate the ecclesi­ hierarchy. It is almost impossible for one who has not spent astical power o~ conh·ol from the political power of control. some time among the Mormon people, and who has not studied con­ All authority in temporal, spiritual, and political affairs unites ditions existing in the l\lormon country, to appreciate the h·e­ and is centered and is absolute and binding in the hierarchy. mend.ous power and in.fiuence which the leaders of the Mormon The organization of the church is very complete in its arrange- Church have over their followers in all things. .ments. The power begins with and ends with. the hierarchy. The Mormon Church is a commercial and political organiza­ Nearly all members of the church are given some office and some tion ess~ntially. ~' he followers, for the most part, are simple­ responsibility, and there is an opportunity for advancement in minded and indush·ious people, who are content to live on farms all directions, ecclesiastical, temporal, and political, if the Mor­ nnd eke out an existence for themselves and ·families. Their mon is obedient to his leaders and accepts without quesUon condition is better than it was before they joined the Mormon their counsel. There are but comparatively few lay members Church in Sweden, Denmark, or Wales, or England, or the of this church. The smallest officers, such as teachers, are se­ Southern States, or the backwoods of Indiana or Illinois. lected by the bishops of the various wards. Commencing with The leaders-and by the leaders I mean especially those who the bishops and going up in ecclesiastical authority all the offi­ control the people in spiritual, temporal, and political affairs, cers of the church are appointed with the approval of the presi­ who are the first presidency and the twelve apostles-:-are, witll dent of the church. ~ other words, the president selects all rare exception, bright and active men of the world, and Ameri­ officers of the church of responsibility. Commencing at the low­ cans by birth. They are business men, and handle the church est of the officers of the church .and going up to the president on business principles. Generally they are well to do, and some himself, you begin with the bishops of wards, who have juris­ of them are rich. They live niCely and mingle with men of the diction over geographical subdivisions and locally are the recog- . world in bi"gh positions on perfectly easy and equal footing. nized heads of the Mormons in their particular locality. They The church collects a tltbe from all its members. Its mem­ collect the tithings, settle disputes among the Mormons, look bers are taught constantly that the paying of tithes is a high after church and secular affairs of the Mormons in their wards. duty, and that one can not be in good standing in the church Each bishop has two counselors, selected by himself. unless tithing is paid freely and fully. When a. Mormon does Next above the bishop come the presidents of stakes. A stake not pay his tithing cheerfully he is regarded by the heads of is a much larger subdivision of territory inhabited by Mormons. the church as a very poor Mormon. The president of a stake has two counselors, also appointed by · They pay th.is tithe, or 10 per cent of all their earnings, either himself. The president of a stake is the highest authority lo- in money or in kind; for instance, if a follower has ten calves, cally· in the Mormon Church, outside of Utah. · but no money, he gives to the tithe collector one calf. If he has Above the president of the stakes are about a dozen other ten tons of bay, be gives one ton of hay; and in a great many officers, with different designations and different power , until instances a :Mormon has no money, and so gives in kind, no mat­ you come to the twelve apostles, who stand next in authority to ter whether it is eggs or butter or cheese or chickens, or what the president of the church himself. All of these officers, in­ not. The tithe collector turns this property over to the proper cluding the apostles, are appointed directly by the president of officer of the church, and the produce is disposed of and is used the church, without consultation or restraint by anyone, or else for the benefit of the church. as in the case of bishops, they are approved by the president of If you take into consideration that in addition to this 10 per the church before their selection can be made valid. In the case cent which every good Mormon must pay to the church he is of the selection ~f an apostle to fill a vacancy in the apostolic also called upon to pa y his ordinary taxes, as a citizen, amount­ quorum, the theory is that the apostles tbemselyes fill this va­ ing to from 3 to 5 per cent, you can easily see that the rank and cancy; but it is a fact that the president of the church claims :file ot the Mormon people do not make much progress toward tllat he received a revelation from God that some certain man material independence. shall be selected for this apostleship, and the apostles unhesi~ Tithing at the present time is being freely given, and must tatingly accept this revelation and select the man named by the amount to something in the neighborhood of $2,000,000 a year. president of tbe·church. · This tithing is }laid to the high officers of the church, and there Ecclesiastical preferment in the church means opportunity for is never any accounting to anybody for its disposition. temporal advancement. The business, social, n.nd politicn.l Only recently a Mr. Smurt hwait, of Ogden, Utah, a wealthy future of every Mormon depends upon his standing with the man, was turned out of the church because be undertook to en­ church. Every avenue is open to him so long as be implicitly ter into business in competition with the church. Before being obeys the counsel and does the bidding of the church, while excommunicated, however, he brought suit against the church in every avenue is closed to him whenever he loses his fellowship the c.ourt for· an account ing of the tithings, alleging that he him­ in the church. There is nothing left for a l\1ormon who refuses self paid money to the church, and that he bad a right to know to obey implicitly whatever policy the church may deter mine what became of it The subservient coutts of Utah of course upon except to leave the church entirely and take his chances dismissed the suit. with the world, the same as non-MormQns do. For a Mormon The Mormons are urged to conh·ibute to the bui1ding of t em­ brought up in the church to sever the ties which bind llim to an ples, and apparently enough money has been collected for the his "kindred and the associations; teachings, and trainings of a building of these temples to have built a gi·eat many more than lifetime is well-nigh appalling. It means social osh·aCism. The there are. · pretty fiction is given to ·the Mormon people and the world that The leaders of the Mormon Church are engaged in business all these officers of the l\I~rmon Church, including the president enterprises Qf all descriptions. The Zion Cooperative Mer­ himself, must be . selected by the people at the various confer­ cantile Instituqon is a great business establishment, dealing in ences. This they attempt to prov-e from the fact that at these all kinds of articles which department stores would carry, and . coD.ferences the names of the first presidents and the apostles, . ' 1906. CONGRESSION·AL RECORD-SENATE. 331'

the se>en presidents of seventies, the presidents of stakes, and of the church bas access to. It is impossible to prove a polyg­ the bishops are submitted to the people and they are asked to amous marriage because of the lack of power to prove by tho • " sustain " them by holding up their hands. The list includes a records that a polygamous marriage has been celebrated. When great many, of course, and I doubt if a case has ever been children come as a result of plural marriages the neighbors known where anyone of the 10,000 people gathered in a semi­ readily understand that the polygamous relation is being main­ annual conference has risen in his place and objected to " sus­ tained, and if the power were in the State to punish, convic­ taining" any officer submitted to the conference by the authori­ tions could be bad for unlawful cohabitation. It would be im­ ties of the church. I doubt if any provision is made in case possible, however, to prove polygamy. In fact, when the Ed­ such a protest or dissent should come. It never was contem­ munds law was being rigidly enforced, while quite a number plated that any member of the church would question the divine of convictions in Utah were secured under the provisions of that right of the authorities to select these officers. I imagine that act for unlawful cohabitation, no convictions for polygamy could if anyone should have the temerity to object to sustaining an be prosecuted successfully because of the in:;tbility on the part officer presented to the conference for their approval that such of the officers to prove the plural marriage. a member would have to withdraw his objection or else be A national law, passed by Congress and approved by the disfellowshipped if he persisted in his objection. President, giving to the United States authorities power to You can imagine what complete domination the church bas prosecute for polygamy would be ineffective, because there over its followers through this power of the president to appoint would be no possible way by which a plural marriage could be ·all the officers of the church by reflecting on the effect on the proved to the satisfaction of a judge or jury. appointees their selection by the President of the United States I desire the Senate to bear that in mind, because at some time bas on them. As a rule, the President selects men to fill the in the future when I shall not be here this question will come Federal offices who have demonstrated their acceptan·ce of the up. The President of the United States in his message recom­ principles of the party of which the President is the head and mends a law for correcting evils connected with marriage and who have been zealous in the advocacy of those principles. divorce and against polygamy. That is a Mormon suggestion. .Whenever a policy for the party is announced by the President The leaders of the Mormon Church have asked me to introduce of the United States and his close party associates high in a constitutional amendment to that effect. Such an amendment authority, these officeholders, as a rule, .immediately become would not be worth the paper on which it might be written: -advocates of that ·policy. When you contemplate that these ap­ You can not prove polygamy against these people. If the Gov:. pointees of the president of the Mormon Church are not, as is ernment bad the power it could provide against plural mar­ the case with the President of the United States, confined to one riages, but not against Mormons ; and every Mormon here stands party, but embrace members of all parties, you can have some behind .the recominendation of the President of the United faint idea of their subserviency. · States. You can not prove polygamy withput proving the sec­ When you take into account, in addition, that not only politi­ ond marriage, and you can not prove the second marriage on a cal preferment is involved in their acquiescence, but that every Mormon. Such marriages are celebrated in their endowment opportunity for advancement in all the walks of life are depend­ · houses, no one being present except Mormons. The ceremony is ent upon their accepting the decrees of their leaders, you can performed by the high officials of that organization and no rec­ begin to comprehend the tremendous power politically which ord is kept of it. In their testimony before our committee in this hierarchy wields. regard to their plural marriages they could not even recollect The president of the Mormon Church, Joseph F. Smith, and the slightest portion of the ceremony. It is futile to pass ·laws the president of the twelve apostles, who is next in line for the against polygamy. - presidency of the church, both testified before the Senate com­ While thousands of convictions were secured under the Ed­ mittee that they were living in open polygamy, in defiance of munds law, there were but four ·or five all told in Utah, Idaho; law and of the contract which they made with the Government and elsewhere· for polygamy; and in those cases such convic­ when they secured statehood for Utah. More than half of the tions happened .where ·the polygamo·us marriage to the second twelve apostles are admittedly defying the law and the Govern­ wife, accidentally or through inadvertence, was performed be­ ment, in that they are openly living in polygamous relations. fore a recording officer. You can prove unlawful cohabitation-; New polygamous marriages are continually being celebrated but no Mormon will ever support an amendment to the Consti­ in the Mormon Church. It bas been shown that apostles of the tution providing for the punishment of those living in unlawful church have entered into or performed these new ceremonies cohabitation. You will be confronted with that. The defenders since the manifesto of the church was issued in which the church of the Mormons here, including the apostle Senator himself; agreed solemnly to suspend polygamy. who is on trial, and all those who are here through the votes New polygamous marriages are not entered into so openly as and grace of the Mormons, will insist on the · polygamous bi the days before the manifesto, and a different character of amendment, but they will be very strenuously against an un­ men are now entering into the polygamous relation. . Formerly lawful-cohabitation amendment. the poor and ignorant took plural wives, the same as those better The SuJ?reme Co1,1rt of the United States bas unanimously off, and of a higher order of intelligence. Now, young men of held that to prove unlawful cohabitation it is only necessary to ability are selected to enter into these relations. The brainy prove that a man holds out to the world more than one woman young men of the church are tied iri:evocably to the church and as his wife. It is unnecessary even that she bear him children. made subservient to it through the polygamous relation. When­ '!'hat can be proved through circumstantial evidence, but you ever they contract polygamous marriages, they are without the can not prove polygamy through circumstantial evidence. pale of the law, and their only 'hope for protection is through I may say also, in passing, that unless you provide for the this powerful church organization. It is a wonderful fact, and ~election of jurors you can not convict; and when you come bas stood forth plainly throughout all the history of the church, to the adoption of a constitutional amendment I beg Senators that the polygamists occupy the high ecclesiastical and political to bear that in mind. You can not, and never could and never positions, and are the wealthiest and most powerful members of did, convict a Mormon of any of these offenses if there was a the organization in all respects. Under the present system, Mormon on the jury. There is not a Mormon anywhere within polygamous marriages are celebrated secretly, and for the most the sound of my voice or elsewhere who does not believe, as part in foreign counh·ies or beyond the jurisdiction of the United firmly as any of you believe that which is most dear to you, States; for instance, a young man is to take a plural wife, he in the divine right of polygamy ; and with a Mormon on the gets the consent of the authorities through his bishop, goes with jury you can not convict another Mormon of these offenses. his prospective wife to British Columbia, Mexico, or to some In the early days, under the Edmunds Act, the United States place on the ocean some miles beyond the United States coast, marshal was granted an open venire. He selected his own where the marriage is celebrated by some authorized officer of jurors, and until he did that there never was a conviction of a the church. Instead, as in the old . days when polygamy was Mormon for these offenses. entered into indiscriminately; now the polygamists are selected, One polygamous marriage entered into now under the system and in this way the practice is more insidious and. dangerous adopted of selecting those who should go into polygamy, with than formerly, because a cult and aristocracy of polygamists are great care, is more dangerous and more inimical, more subver­ .being built up within the church. Those in polygamy are in sive of law, and inore degrading to womanhood than forty such complete control of the organization now, and have ever been, marriages entered into indiscriminately in the past. and it is evident that under the system which they are building It is apparent to all close observers that the church does not up now, they intend to remain always in complete control. intend to give up polygamy. It is plain, on tlle contrary, that It is much more difficult in these days to prove polygamy or they intend to establish it more firmly, and that they will openly polygamous cohabitation than formerly, because now every proclaim it again as a divine institution so ~";OOn as they think means is resorted to to keep the facts concealed that anyone bas they are in a position to do so. · gone into polygamy. There is no record anywhere of the plural Their every endeavor is to strengthen their Position by ex­ mardages which anyone not a member of the governing body tending their political control. They are all :_Jowertul in Utall ~ . 332 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. .DEOEMBEE, 13,

now, and can control all the political offices, including Senators matter what relation it might bear to the duties which he has and .:Uembe.rs of Congress. They are so strong in Idaho that sworn to perform under his oath to the United States. no one can be elected to the Senate or House without their con­ It must be plain to: anyone who has followed the testimony of • sent. This is equally true in Wyoming. They are becoming a the present case that the Mormon authorities constitute a band large balance of power in Oregon, and wben the Government of conspiratt>rs, whose object is to set aside and nullify the irrigation enterprises are developed in Nevada and large tracts laws of the land when in their judgn;tent such laws are in con­ of land are opened there for settlement, they can and easily will flict with the duties which they owe to their organization, and colonize and eontrol politics in Nevada. that this conspiracy aims to make the state subservient to the It is the present condition and the future menace politically that church and to concentrate in the hands of the church authori­ the non-1\Iormop:s of this section especially protest against. The ties the political powers which belong solely to the State. non-Mormons in all this region have the same detestation of REED SMOOT is a part of this conspiracy as an apostle of the polygamy that the balance of the country has, and join with church. He is one of the bead conspirators, and not only _ the rest of the United States in their desire to protect and exalt fully understands the object of the conspiracy, but counte· womanhood and to enforce -obedience and respect for the laws n.ances and encourages by his acquiescence and su-pl)ort the of the land. Those who have not come in contact with the or­ plans and aims of tbe conspiracy. ganization, howe,..er, do not and can not understand the effect on Non-Mormons in that section where Mormon influence is pre­ our free institutions and to QUr system of government of this dominant believe that the -separation of the church and state, tremendous political home of the Mormon hierarchy. It is the the denial of the right of the. church to dictate politically, and chief de:sire of the non-I\Iormons in that section to make plain the breaking down of the church hierarchy in political affairs this close union of church and state -and to arouse the counh·y, will have more to do with stopping polygamy than any laws so that through Congressional action it will come to our· rescue which possibly can be framed or enforced against the practice and help us to break it down. of polygamy. · So long as the political power of the church au­ The lower branch of Congress refused to seat Brigham H. thorities is maintained and exercised, just so long will every Roberts because he was -a self-confessed polygamist. Roberts avenue for advancement in all lines to the .Mormon people be claimed to be a Democrat. · He was a bigh official, and is now absolutely· under the control of the Mormon authorities. Every a high official of the Mormon Church, and stands higher in the incentive compels th~m, therefore, to accept the conclusion and estimation of that organization than he did before he was de­ the counsel of their authorities in every spiritual, temporal, and pri,..ed of his seat in Congress. His bighest allegiance then and political matter. · his highest allegiance now is to the Mormon Church. Whether The masses of the 1\lormon people do not approve of the con· he calls himself a Democrat or a Republican is a mere bagatelle, tinuance of polygamy and polygamous living, nor do they and counts for noth~ng. approve of the union of church and state .and the dictation of Senator SMOOT is not a polygamist, or rather no attempt is the church :authorities in political matters. These conditions made to prove that he is a polygamist. He may be or he may are no more pleasing to them than to the non-1\Iormons. Their not be. In his case this question does not particularly interest own individual ambition is stifled, and their independence of the non-Mormons who live in that section of the counh-y. Sena­ action in political and temporal affairs taken away. None tor SMOOT is an apostle of the Mormon Church. He is one of woui~ hail with more delight the complete abandonment .the body of twelve, w.ho, next to the first presidency and in· con­ of polygamy and the political control by the leaders than would junction with the first presidency, are the controlling authorities the great number of followers of these leaders. Their lives are of the church in everything, spiritual, temporal, and political. so interwoven with the teachings and the doctrines of the He would not have been selected as an apostle unless he was in church, and they are so dependent in their every relation on full accord with the authorities of the church. the church organization, however, that they perforce dread .A.s I ha\e indicated, obedience to the leaders, obedience to breaking away from it entirely, and rather than do that, with all council, subserviency to the ruling authorities of the churcb its attendant consequences, accept present conditions. lead to promotion in the church. . If the church authorities would give them absolute freedom . The fact that Senator SMooT was steadily promoted until he of action, and would not, by their example and counsel, teach was finally selected to be an apostle is proof conclusive that be them obedience in political affairs and defiance of the Ia w in is in full accord with Joseph ·R Smith, Mr. Lyman, and his respect to polygamy and polygamous cohabitation, the great 'Other brother apostles, who, by their own statements ·and ad­ masses of the Mormon people would -quickly put a stop to missions, are openly living in polygamous relations in defiance polygamy, and would with vigor and energy exercise complete Qf the law. in addition to that, it is not denied, but on the independen~e in all political matters. 'Other hand it has been sworn to by the president of the church It is my judgment that the musses of the Mormon people in­ himself, that REED SMOor had to secure the consent of the tended to live up to the promises made by their leaders to the chui:ch and of his associate apostles before he could become a Government when statehood for Utah was secured. They be­ candidate for the United. States Senate. The president of the lieved their leaders were sincere in entering into the compact church gave his consent that REED SMooT should be a candidate with the Government that polygamy and polygamous relations for the United States Senate. He did not give his consent that would cease and that the church would not interfere in p3litics. ·any other per on should be a candidate for this high office. It is the constituted autj:10rities of the organization that the This consent was given openly and proclaimed to the people of Go,..ernment has to contend with and not the masses of the people. Utah. There was no other candidate for the United States So long . as polygamy and polygamous relations are openly 'Senate at that election in either party, because it was under­ maintained by the leaders of this organization, and so long as stood by every man, woman, and child in Utah that, the presi­ the ruling authorities of the church claim and exercise the right dent of the church and the authorities of the church having to dominate the State politically, just so long wm polygamous given their consent that REED SMOOT should be a candidate, it relations continue, and just so long will the political po,Ter of was the desire and counsel of the church to the Mormons that the church authorities be maintained and strengthened. The REED SMoOT should be elected to the United States Senate. No followers and the great masses of the people will take the ex­ other Mormon dared to announce his candidacy for the United ample of their leaders, and will be guided by their counsei in all Senate after the church had selected REED SMOOT. It was use­ tllings. · less for any non-Mormon to become a candidate against the The hopes of the masses of the people are in the Go,..ernment, . candidate of the church. REED SMooT, therefore, is clearly the and in them the Government has an a1ly in so far as their hopes Senator of the Mormon hierarchy, and is unmistakably the and wishes will aid. representative of all the Mormon hierarchy, .and is unmistakably It is only fair, I think, for me to say-and I am glad the the representative of all the Mormon hierarchy stands for, and distinguished Senator from 1\fichigan [Mr. BuRRows] treated would do :the bidding of the church as its Senator if the direc­ upon it the other day-that there is a branch of the Mormons, tions of the church came in conflict with the duties be has sworn called the # Josephites," who qugnt to be separated clearly in to perform as a Senator of the United States. the minds of all Senators from the Brighamite Mormon . The I say that notwithstanding the fact that the Senator from Josephites claim that they are the custodians of the church as · Utah testified that if he were confronted with that problem he it was founded. They claim that Brigham Young has inter­ would go to some other countr-y where he could live his re­ jected doctrines into the church which the Mormons did not a~­ ligion, I insist that under ·the organization of his church he cept in the beginning. A.t any rate, bo,ve-ver that may be, the would do the bidding of the church here, and he would not Josephite 1\Iormons, with their lleadquarters at Lamoni, in the leave the United States and go to any other country, where he State of Iowa, and wherever tl:ley are, no matter in what part could live his religion. He would live it here in the open Senate. of the country, are among the best of our citizens in all re· If Joseph Smith should receive a re,..elation from God on any ~meets . They do ·not believe in polygamy ; they never practiced subject, this re\elation would be binding on REED S:llOOT, no polygamy. They discountenanced it. They do not believe in 1906. CONGRESSIONAL ~ECORD-SENATE . 333

church dictation in political affairs. They are the same as of open rebellion. He has committed these acts of hostility not­ withstanding Major Van Vliet, an officer of the Army, sent to Utah by other church organizations, and to their religion no one has any the commanding general to purchase provisions for the troops, had objection. I am glad to call the attention of Senators to it, so given him the strongest assurances of the peaceful intentions of the that in the future we may not confuse the Josephite with the Government and that the troops would only be employed as a posse Brighamite Mormons. comitatus when called on by the civil authorities to aid in the execu- I ba1e in this brief sketch endeavored to convey an idea as tio~h~~eifse 1!e~':~D. to believe that -Governor Young has long contemplated to what the Mormon organization is. There has been no change this result. He knows that the continuance of his despotic power de­ pends upon the exclusion of all settlers from the Territory except those in the spirit or intent of the Brighamite branch of the Mormon who will acknowledge his divine mission and implicitly obey his w~ll, Church, to which Apostle SMOOT owes his complete allegiance, and that an enlightened public opinion there would soon prostrate m­ from its beginning down to the present day. Its methods in stitutions at war with the laws both of God and man. He has, there­ fore, for several years, in order to maintain his independence, been in­ carrying out its objects differ from· time to time and in differ­ dustriously employed in collecting and fabricating arms and munitions ent localities as the exigency demands. The Mormon Church is of war and in disciplining the Mormons for military affairs. -As super­ a government of its own in all things, and demands and re­ intendent of Indian affairs he has had an opportunity of tampering with the Indian tribes and exciting their hostile feelings against the ceives of its followers their first and highest allegiance. \Vher­ United States. This, accordinf? to our information, he has accomplished ever it is sufficiently strong it completely dominates the State ln regard to some of these tribes, while others have remained true to politically, as in Utah, and where it has a large minority of the their allegiance and. have communicated his intrigues to our Indian agents. He has laid in a store of provisions for three years, which ip. · -population it dominates . the State through its great balance of case of necessity, as be informed Major Van Vliet, he will conceal "and power, as in Idaho and Wyoming. then take to the mountains and bid defiance to all the powers of the One of its chief tenets is the divine right of polygamy, to the Government." A great part of all of this may be idle boasting, but yet no wise practice of which it has clung tenaciously during all the years, government will lightly estimate the efforts which may be inspired by and to which it tenaciously adheres _to-day. such frenzied fanaticism as exists among the Mormons in Utah. This From its very inception this organization has been a menace is the first rebellion which has existed in our Territories, and humanity itself requires that we shall put it down .in such a manner that it shall to our form of government, and has been bitterly assailed wher­ be the last. To trifle with it would be to encourage it and to render it ever it has located itself by American citizens who have come formidable. We ought to go there with such an imposing force as to in contact with it. 'l'here has been a perpetual conflict between convince these deluded people that resistance would be in vain, and thus spare the effusion of blood. We can in this manner best convince them it and the Government, with the exception of a few years that we are their friends, not their enemies. In order to accomplish following the issuance of the manifesto in 1890. I will refer this object, it will be necessary, accordin~ to the estimate of the War to this later on in my remarks and give the reasons why there Department, to raise four additional regiments, and this I earne!'tly recommend to Congress. At the present moment .of depression in the was a temporary cessation of hostilities between the United revenues of the country I am sorry to be obliged to recommend sncb a States Government and the government of the church during measure; but I feel confident of the support of Congress, cost what it these years. may, in suppressing the insurrection and in restoring and maintaining the sovereignty of the Constitution and laws over the Territory of So opposed are the teachings and practices of this organiza­ Utah. tion to the ordinary conception of what constitutes American EXTRACT FROM THIRD L~NUA.L MESSAGE OF PRESIDE~T GR.A.NT. citizenship and so offensive have been its practices that every In Utah tl::\ere still remains a remnant of barbarism repugnant to President of the United States, from Buchanan down to McKin­ civilization, to decency, and to the laws of the United States. Terri­ ley, has called attention in his messages to Congress to the ne­ torial officers, however, have been found who are willing to perform tbeir duty in a spirit of equity and with a due sense of the necessity cessity for the most stringent legislation in restraint of their of sustaining the majesty of the law. Neither polygamy nor any other treasonable and obnoxious practices.- violation of existing statutes will be permitted within the territory of ! should _like to read the messages of Presidents Buchanan, the United States. It is not witb the religion of the self-styled saints that we are now dealing, but with their practices. They will be pro­ Grant, Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, and Cleveland (during his first tected in the worship of God according to the dictates of their con­ term), but, with the consent of the Senate, will content myself sciences, but they will not be permitted to violate the laws under the by having them made a part of my argument. cloak of religion. It may be advisable fer Congress to consider what, in the execution The VICE-PRESIDENT. In the ab ence of objection, the of the laws against polygamy, is to be the status of plural wives and matter referred to by the Senator from Idaho will be printed in their offspring. 'rhe propriety of Congress passin~ an enabling act au­ the RECORD as part of his remarks. thorizing the Territorial legislature of Utah to legitimatize all childr·en born prior to a time fixed in the act might be justified by its humanity The matter referred to is as follows: to these innocent children. ·This is a suggestion only, and not a recom­ EXTRACT FROM FillST ANNUAL MESSAGE OF !"RESIDENT BUCHANAN. mendation. A Territorial government was established fot· Utah by act of Con­ EXTRACT FROM SEVE~TH .A.NNU.A.L ltiESS.A.GE OF PRESIDENT GRANT. ·gress approved the 9th September, 1850, and the Constitution and laws In nearly every annual message that I have had the honor of h·ansmit­ of the United States were thereby extended over it " so far as the same ting to Congress, I have called attention to the anomalous, not to say or any provisions thet·eof may be applicable." This act provided for scandalous, condition of affairs existing in the Territory of Utah. and the appointment by the President, by and with the advice and consent have asked for definite legislation to correct it. That polygamy should of the Senate, of a governor (who was to be ex officio superintendent of exist in a free, enlightened, and Christian country, without the power to Indian affairs), a secretary, three judges of the supreme court, a mar­ punish so flagrant a crime against decency and morality, seems pre­ shal, and a district attorney. Subsequent acts provi9ed for the ap­ posterous. True, there is no law to sustain this unnatural vice; but pointment of the officers necessary to extend our land and our lndian what is needed is a law to punish it as a crime and at -the same time system over the '.rerritory. Brigham Young was appointed the first to fix the status of the innocent children, the offspring of this system, governor on the 20th September, 1850, and has held the office ever since. and of the possibly innocent plural 'Wives, but as an institution polygamy Whilst Governor Young has been both governor and superintendent of should be banished from the land. Indian affairs throughout this period, he has been at the same time the EXTRACT FROU PRESIDENT HAYES'S THIRD ANNUAL MESSAGE. head of the church caJled the Latter-Day Saints, and professes to gov­ The continued -deliberate violation by a large number- of the prom­ ern· its members and dispose of theit· property by direct inspimtion and inent and influential citizens of the Territory of Utah of the laws of authority from the Almighty. His power has been, therefore, absolute the United States for the prosecution and punishment of polygamy over both church and state. demands the attention of every department of the Government. This The people of Utah almost exclusively belong to this church, and Territory has a population sufficient to entitle it to admission as a believing with a fanatical spirit that he is governor of the Territory State, and the genera1 interests of the nation, as well as the. welfare of by divine appointment, they obey his commands as if these were di­ the citizens of the Territory, require its advance from the Territorial rect revelations from heaven. If, therefore, he chooses that his gov­ form -of government to the responsibilities and privileges of a State. ernment shall come into collision with the Government of the United 'l'bis important change will not, however, be approved by the country States, the members of the Mormon Church will yield implicit obe­ while the citizens of Utah in very considerable number uphold a prac­ dience to his will. Unfortunately, ex:isti~ facts leave but little tice which is condemned as a crime by the laws of all civilized com- doubt that such is his determination. without entering upon a munities throughout the world. _ minute history of occurrences, it is sufficient to say that all the offi­ The law for the suppression of this offense was enacted with great cers of the United States, judicial and executive, with the single ex­ unanimity by Congress more than seventeen years ago, but has re· ception of two Indian agents, have found it necessary for their own mained until recently a dead letter in the Territory of Utah, because . personal safety to withdraw from the Territory, and there no longer of the peculiar .difficulties attending its enforcement. The opinion remains any government in· Utah but the despotism of Brigham Young. ·widely prevailed among the citizens of Utah that the law was in con­ ·This being the condition of affairs in the Territory, I could not mis­ travention of the constitutional guaranty of religious freedom. This take the path of duty. As Chief Executive Magistrate I was bound to objection is now removed. The Supreme Court of the United States restore ·the supremacy of the Constitution and laws within its limits. has decided the law to be w"ithin the legislative power of Congress and In order to effect this purpose I appointed a new governor and other binding as a rule of action for all who reside within the Territories. Federal officers for Utah and sent with them a military force for their There is no longer any reason for delay or hesitation in its enforce­ protection and to aid as a posse comitatus in case of need in the ment. It should _be firmly and effectively executed. If not sufficiently execution of the laws. strinf?ent in its provisions, it should be amended; and in aid of th·e pur­ With the religious opinions of the Mormons, as- long as they remain pose m view I recommend that more comprehensive and more searching mere opinions, however deplorable in themselves and revolting to the methods for preventing as well as punishing this crime be provided. moral and religious sentiment of all Christendom, I had no right to If necessary to secor~ obedience to tile law, the enjoyment and exercise interfere. Actions alone, when in violation of the Constitution and of the rights and privileges of citizenship in the 'rerritories of the laws of the United States, become the legitimate subjects for the· juris­ United States may be withheld or withdrawn from those who violate diction of a civil magistrate. My instructions to Governor Cumming or oppose the enforcement of the law on this subject. have therefore been framed in strict accordance with these principles. At their date a hope was indulged that no necessity might exist for em­ EXTRACT FROlll PRESIDENT HAYES'S FOURTH ANNUAL MESSAGE. ploying the military in restoring and maintaining the authority of the It is the recognized duty and purpQse of the people of the United law, but this hope bas now vanished. Governor Young bas by procla­ States to suppress polygamy where it now exists in our Territories and mation declared his determination to maintain his power by force, and to prevent its extension. Faithful and zealous elforts have been made has already committed acts of hostllity against the United States. Un­ by the United States authorities in Utah to enforce the laws against it. less be should retrace his steps the 'Territory ot Utah will be in a state Experience has shown that the legislation upon this subject to be ef· 334 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. . DECE}IBER _13,

fective requires extensive modification and amendment. - The longer practices that this Government is seeking to suppress, and that its action is delayed the more difficult it will be to accomplish what is de­ efforts in that regard will be more likely to encounter their opposition sired. Prompt and decided measures are necessary. '£he Mormon sec­ than to receive their encouragement and support. Even if this view tarian orgamzation which upholds polygamy has the whole power of should happily be erroneous, the law under which the Commissioners making and executing the local legislation of the Territory. By its con­ have been acting should be made more etrective by the incorporation of trol of the grand and petit juries it possesses large infiuence over the some such stringent amendments as they recommend and as wer·e in­ administration of justice. Exercising, as the heads of this sect do, the cluded in bill No. 2238 on the Calendar of the Senate at its last session. loc31 political power of the Territory, they are able to make effective I am convinced, however, that polygamy has become so strongly in­ their hostility to the law of Congress on the subject of polygamy, and, trenched in the Territory of Utah that it is profitless to attack it with in fact, do prevent its enforcement. Polygamy will not be abolished i! any but the stoutest weapons which constitutional legislation can the enforcement of the law depends on those who practice and uphold fashion. I favor, therefore, the repeal of the act upon which the ex­ the crime. It can only be suppressed by taking away the political isting government depends, the assumption by the National Legislature power of- the sect which encourages and sustains it. of the entire political control Of the Territory, and the establishment of The power of Congress to enact suitable laws to protect the 'l'erri­ a commission with such power,s a·nd duties as shall I.Je delegated to it tories is ample. It is not a case !or halfway measures. The political by law. · power of the Mormon sect is increasing. It controls now one of our EXTRACT FROM PRESIDENT ARTHUR'S FOURTH AN); UAL MESSAGE TO wealthiest and most populous Territories. It is extending steadily into CONGRESS. other •.rerritories. Wherever it ~oes it establishes polygamy and secta­ rian political power. The sanctity of marriage and the family rela_tion The report of the Utah Commission will be read with interest. are the corner stone of our American society and civilization. Relig­ It discloses the results of. recent legislation looking to the prevention ious liberty and the separation of church and state are among the ele­ and punishment of polygamy in that Territory. I still believe that if mentary ideas of free institutions. To reestablish the interests and that abominable practice can be suppressed by law it can only be by principles which polygamy and Mormonism have imperiled and· to fully the most radical legislation consistent with the restraints of the Con­ reopen to intelligent and virtuous immigrants of all creeds that part of stitution. our domain wh-ich has been in a great degree closed to general immi­ I again recommend, therefore, that Congress assume absolute polit­ gi·ation by intolerant and immoral institutions, it is recommended · that ical control of the .Territory ot Utah and provide for the appointment the government of the Territory of. Utah be reorganized. of commissioners with such governmental powers as, in its judgment, I recommend that' Congress provide for the government of Utah by a may justly and wisely be put into their hands. governor and judges or commissioners appointed by the President and EXTR.<\CT FROM PRESIDENT CLEVELAND'S FIRST .!NNCAL MESSAGE. . confirmed by the Senate-a government analogous to the provisional In the Territory of Utah the law of the United States passed for government established t.or the territory northwest of the Ohio by the the suppression ot. polygamy has been energetically and faithfully exe­ ordinance of 1787. It, however, it is deemed best to continue the ex­ cuted during the past year, with mea.sumbly good results. A number isting form of local government, ·1 recommend that the right to vote, of convictions have been secured for unlawful cohabitation, and in some hold office, and sit on juries in the Territory of Utah be confined to cases pleas of guilty have been entered and a sli11-: punishment im­ those who neither practice nor uphold polygamy. It thorough meas­ posed, upon a promise by the accused that they would not again otl:'end ures are adopted, it is believed that within a few years the evils which ngainst the law, nor advise, counsel, or aid or abet in any way -its vio­ now amict Utah will be eradicated and that this Territory will in lation by others. ~?Ood time become one of the most prosperous and attractive of the new T4e Utah commissioners express the opinion, based upon such in­ States of. the Union. • formation as they are able to obtain, that but few polygamous mar­ EXTRACT FROM PRESIDENT GARFIELD'S INAUODRAL ADDRESS. riages have taken place in the Territory during the last year. 'l.'hey The Constitution guarantees absolute religious freedom. Congress is further report that while there can not be found upon the registration prohibited !rom making any law respecting an establishment of religion lists of voters the name of. a man actually guilty of polygamy, and or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. The Territories of the United while none of that class are holding office, yet at the last election in States are -subject to the direct legislative authority of. Congress, and the Territory all of the otficers elected, except in one county, were hence the General Government is responsible for any violation of the men who, though not actually living in. the practice of polygamy, sub­ Constitution in any of them. It is therefore a -reproach to the Gov­ scribed to the doctrine of polygamotlS marriages as a divine revelation ernment that in the most populous of the Territories the constitutional and a law unto all higher and more binding upon the conscience than guaranty is not enjoyed by the people and the authority of Congress is any human law, local or national. Thus is the strange spectacle pre­ set at naught. The Mormon Church not only otl:'ends the moral sense sented of a community protected by a republican form of government, to of manhood by sanctioning polygamy, but prevents the administration which they owe allegiance, sustaining by their sutl:'rages a principle and of justice through ordinary instrumentalities of law. . a belief which set at naught that obligation of absolute obedience to the In my judgment it is the duty of Congress, . while respecting to the law of the land which lies at the foundation of republicaq institutions. uttermost the conscientious convictions and religious scruples or ever·y The strength, the perpetuity, and the destiny of the nation rest upon citizen, to prohibit within its jurisdiction all criminal practices, espe­ our homes, established by the law of God, guarded by parental care, cially of that class which destroy the family relations and endanger regulated by parental authority, and sanctified by parental love. social order. Nor can any e

refral:.~r : from tea"cl!in~ it and advises against the practice of it be­ was once more submitted to the thonsands of people gathered together,· cause the 1:1w ls against it_ Now. it is quite true that the law should and they again, in the most potential manner, ratified the solemn cove­ not attempt to deal with the faith or belief of anyone, but it is quite nant. another thing, and the only safe thing, so to deal with the Terri­ This being the true situation, and believing that the object of the tory of Utah· as that those who believe polygamy to be rightful shall Government was simply the vindication of its own authority and to not llave the power to make it lawfuL compel obedience to its laws, and that it takes no pleasure in persecu­ tion, we respectfully pray that full amnesty may be extended to all who It is to be regretted tllat the wise and statesmanlike warn­ are under disabilities because of the operation of the so-c-alled "Ed­ ing of Pre ident Harrison were not heeded. Mr. Harrison munds and Edmunds-Tucker laws." Our people are scattered, homes said in his third. message to Congress: are made desolate, many are still imprisoned, others are banished or in hiding. Our hearts bleed for these. In the past they followed our 'l'he legislation of Congress f()r the repression of polyamy has, after counsels, and while they are thus affilcted our souls are in sackcloth and years of resistance on the part of the Mormons, at last brought them ashes. to the conclusion that resistance is unprofitable and unavailing. The We believe there at·e nowhere in the Union a more loyal people than power of Congress over this subject should not be surrendered until the Latter-Day Saints. They know no other country except this. They we have satisfactory evidence that the- people of the State to be created expect to live and die on this soil. would exercise the exclusive pow-er of the State over this. subject in When the men of the South who were in rebellion against the Gov­ the same way. · The question is not whether these people now obey ernment, in 1865 threw down their arms and asked for l'ecognition the laws of Congress against polygamy, but, rather, would they make along the old lines of citizenship the Government hastened to grant enforce, and maintain such laws themselves if absolutely :free to regu­ their prayer. late the subjec-t? We can not afford to experim~ut wi h this subject, To te at peace with the Government and in harmony with their for when a State is once constituted the act is final and any mistake fellow-citizens who are not of their faith, and to share in the confi­ irretrievable. No compact in the enabling act could, in my opinion, de-nce of the Government and people our people have voluntarily put be binding 'or effective. aside something which all their Jives they have believed to be a sacretl I "·ill not read, but, with the consent of the Senate, will have princinle. · lla-ie they not the right to ask for such clemency as comes when the inserted as a part of my remarks the manifesto of President claims of both law an!} justice have been fully liquidated? Woodruff, in which he promises a cessation of polygamous liv­ As shepherds of a p:ttient and suffering people we ask amnesty for ing and an abandonment and giving up of that practice, and them and pledge our faith and honor for their future. also a petition for amnesty signed by the authorities of the And your petitioners will ever pray. 1VILFOTID 'VOODRUFF. H . J . GRANT. Mormon Church to President Harrison, in which they set forth GEORGE Q. CA...'a'O~ . JOHN HENRY S~IITH • that they will in the- future cease living in polygamous rela­ •JOSEPH ~'. SMITH. JOHN W. TAYLOR. tions, cease dominating the State politically, and beg the Presi­ LORENZO SXOW. 1\1. W. MERRILL. FRANKL!~ D. RICHARDS. ANTHON H . LUND. dent of the United States for amnesty for tbeir past crimes. MOSES 'l'llATCHER. ABRAHAM H. CANNON. The papers refeiTed to are as follows : FnANCIS 1\I. LYMAN.

OFFICIAL DECLARATIO~ . Mr. DUB_OIS. I will read the proclamation of President Har­ 'l'o -whom it mav concern: rison granting amnesty : Press dispatches having been sent for political purposes from Salt WASHIXGTON, D. C., Januat·y .f, 1893. Lake City, which have been widely published, to the effect that the Utah Whereas Congress by a statute approved March 22", 1882, and by Commission, in their recent report to the Secreta.ry of the Interior, al­ statutes in furtherance and amendment thereof, defined the crimes of lege that plural marriages are still being solemnized and that forty or bigamy, polygamy, and unlawful cohabitation in the Territories and more such marriages have been contracted in Utah since last June other places within the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States, or during the past year; also that in public discourses the leaders of and prescribed a penalty for such crimes ; and • the church have taught, encouraged, and urged the continuance of the Whereas, on or about the 6th day of October, 1890, the Church : practice of polygam_y. . of the Latter-Day Saints, commonly known as the " Mormon Church," I, therefore, as president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter­ through its president, issued a· manifesto proclaiming the purpose of Day Saints, do hereby, in the most solemn manner, decla.re that these said church no longer to sanction t he practice of polygamous marriages, charges are false. We are not teaching polygamy, or plural marriage, and calling upon all members and adherents of said church to obey the nor pet·mitting any person to enter into its practice, and I deny that laws of the 1Jnited States in re-ference to said subject-matter ; and either· forty or any other num.ber of plural marriages have, during that Whereas it is represented that since the date of said declaration the period, been solemnized in our temples or in any other place in the members and adherents of said church have generally obeyed said laws Terl'itory. and have abstained from plural marriages and polygamous cohabitation ;­ One case has been reported in -wbicb the parties alleged that the and marriage was performed in tile endowment house, in Salt Lake City, Whereas by petition dated December 19, 1891, the officials of said · in the spring of 1889, but I have not been able to learn who per­ church, pledging the membership thereof to a faithful obedience to the formed the ceremony ; whatever was done in this matter was witl10u t laws against plural marriage and. nnlawful coh~hitation, have applied my knowledge. In consequence of the alleged occurrence the endow­ to me to grant amnesty for past offenses against said laws which re-­ ment housP. W!lS, by my instructions, taken down without delay. quest a very large number of i.afiuential non-Mormons residing in the Inasmuch as laws have been enacted by Congress forbidding plural Territories have also strongly urged; and marriages, which laws have lleeu pl'Onounced constitutional by the Whereas the Utah Commission, in their report bearing date Septem­ court of last resort, I hereby declru:e my intention to submit to those ber 15, 1 92, recommend that said petition be granted and said amnesty laws and to use my influence with the members of the church over proclaimed under proper conditions as to the future observance of the which I preside to have them do likewise. law, with a view to the encouragement of those now disposed to become 'l'het·e is nothing in my teachings to the church or in those of my law-abiding citizens ~ and associates during the time specified which can be reasonably construed Whereas during the past two yeru:s such amnesty bas been granted to inculcate or encoura~e polygamy, and when any elder of the churc.Q individual applicants in a very large number of cases, conditioned upon bas used langunge which appeared to convey any such teachings he has the faithful observance of the laws of the United States against un­ been promptly reproved. And I now publicly declare that my advlce · lawful cohabitati()n, and there are now pending many more such appli­ to the Latter-Day Saints is to refrain from contracting any marriage cations: forbidden by the law of the land. · · Jow, therefore, ·I , BenJamin Harrison, President of the United States, WILFORD WOODRU FF, by virtue of the powers in Qle vested, do hereby declare and grant a President of the Ohut·ch of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. full amnesty and pardon to all persons liable to the penalties of said act by reason of unlawful cohabitntion under the color of polygamous or PFJTfTIO~ . plural marriage who have, since November 1, 1800, abstained from such T o the President: unlawful coha bitation ; but upon the express condition that they shall We, the first presidency and apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of in the future faithfully obey the laws of the United ~ltates hereinbefore Latter-Day Saints, beg respectfully to present to Your Elxcellency the named, and not othet·wise. Those who shall fail to avail· themselves of following facts : the clemency hereby offered will be vigorouslY' prosecuted. We formerly taught to our people that polygamy, or celestial mar­ BE~JAMIN HARinSON. riage, as commanded by God through Joseph Smith, was right; that it By the President : · . waa a necessity to man's highest exaltation in the life to come. Join" W. Jf osTER, Secretary of State. 'l'hat doctrine was publicly promulgated by our president, the J::~.te Brigham Young, forty years ago, and was steadily taught and impressed Mr. President, I call attention to these messages of the upon the Latter-Day Saints up to a short time before September, 1890. Our people are devout and sincere and they accepted the doctrine and Presidents for two purposes : One, to indicate the views of our many personally embraced and practiced polygamy. former Executives; the other, to mark the contrast between When the Government sought to stamp the practice out our people, them and the present o~cup~nt of the White House. Mormo-n­ almost without exception, remained firm, for they, while havln~ no desire to oppose the Government in anything, still felt that their lives ism is more insidious, more dangerous, and a greater menace to and their honor as men were pledged to a vindication of their faith, our Government and civilization to-day than it was at any par­ and th:1t their duty toward those whose lives were a part of their own ticular period when these message were addressed to Con­ was a paramount one, to fulfill which they had no right to count anv­ thin~, not even their own lives, as standing in the way. Following tliis gress. Yet President Roosevelt does not deem the subject conVlction hundreds endured arrest, trial, tine, and imprisonment, and the worthy of. mention in a message filled with suggestions. A­ immeasurable suffering borne by the faithful people no lruiguage can majority of a · great committee of the Senate, after patient and describe. 'fhat suffering, in abated form. still continues. More, the Government added disfranchisement to its other punish­ exhaustive re earch, have reported that REED SMooT is not en­ ments for those who clung to their faith and fulfilled its covenants. titled to his seat as a Senator. It was not a partisan report. According to our faith the head of our church receives, from time to It should not be a partisan subject. No President heretofore time, t·evelations for the religious guidance of his people. In September, 1890, the present head of the eburch, 1n anguish and has made it a matter of partisan politics. President Roose­ prayer, cried to God for help foi· his flock., and received the permission velt has. to advise the members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Mr. President, I can not help but think that my position would Saints that the law commanding polygamy was henceforth suspended. At the great semiannual conference which was held a few days late-r be similar to that of a Senator from the South if he were asked: 'this was submitted to the people, numbering many thousands, and repre­ to make a plea against negro domination in the South to an audi­ senting every community of the people of Utah, and was by them in ence having the power ·to grant him relief, but which was ig­ the most solemn manner accepted as the future rule of their lives. They have since been faithful of the c·onvenant made that day. norant of the subject in its detail. I imagine if I were a Sen­ At the late October conference, after a year had passed by, the matter- ator from the State of Mississippi ~d were called upon to plead 336 CONGRESSIONAL RECORP-_ S~NATE . DECEl\IBE~ - l3'.

for the American white citizenship of the South to a body occur to the Mermons themselves, or to you, perhaps, that there powerful enough to grant relief, I would confine myself to the is something inherently wrong in their organization or else tltis State of ·Mississippi, because negro domination in Mississippi is conflict would not be perpetual? the same as negro domination in North Carolina or elsewhere. Congre. s took away their property and put it into the hands I should like to make an impression on the Senate and the of the United States marshal as a receiver. This did not seem cotmtry, because I stand as the last representative of the Ameri­ to affect the Mormons. Congress contemplated other legisla­ can citizenship of the Rocky Mountain country opposed to the tion. So that finally here they were, going to the penitentiary domination of the Mormon hierarchy in our politics; and I by the thousands; their church property had been taken away think perhaps it would be as well for me to do as I imagine I from ·them; they were disfranchised in one of the Territories; would do if I were from the South. I have lived among these bills were pending in Congress, the Struble bill amongst others, people for a quarter of a century, for more than twenty-five to disfranchise them everywhere. Tl;ley were sorely beset. Their years.. I went there from Illinois, after having been graduated leaders were in biding or in the peiiitentiary. 'l'beir followers from an eastern college. I knew nothing of the Mormons. My lot had left their families and fled into the mountain fastne ses fo fell there. My life has been spent there. Mormons every,vhere e-vade the officers of the law. It was a trying time. And in ad­ are the same, and perhaps I had better tell you of conditions as dition to that there was then what I am sorry to say I do not they have been and now are in Idaho rather than to deliyer a observe now-a movement among the younger members of the thesis on the Mormon question. church against the leaders. When, in 1880, I went to Blackfoot, where I now llve, the 'l'be younger members then said to the leaders, "You must polygamists were on all sides. They held the bigb church posi­ give up this unequal contest. You. can not carry on this struggle tions, the high official positions. No one could be · preferred, against the great power of the United States. You must live as either ecclesjastically or politically, unless he were a polygamist. other citizens live. You mu t obey the laws of the land. You There were no laws on the statute books then by which they must yield or we will be destroyed." Pressed on all sides, by could be punished, and I am ·sorry to say that in my State­ the Government from without, by their younger men from Idaho-there are now no laws on our statute books by which within, President Woodruff, on the 25th day of September, 1890, they can be punished 'there. That bas been my contention in issued a manifesto to the world that from that tinie on there my State-that we pass laws ; but we can not ; we are power­ would be no more polygamous living, there would be no more le s. dictation by this organization· in political affairs. That entire western country was divided into Territories in Unless one w·ere in that fight in southeastern Idaho and in those days-Montana, Utah, . Idaho, Wyoming, Washington, the Utah in those days, be · can not begin to· comprehend or realize Dakotas. We hatl no Senators or Representatives in Congress the sigh of relfef which went up from our friends ~hen that then. If we bad none now we would put an end to this manifesto was issued. We bad stood for ten years solidly ar­ question, as we did then, because then so flagrant had become rayed one against the other-the Mormons there, the Gentiles the practices of this organization that the 11rayers and en­ here. We scarcely spoke to one another. 'Ve had no busine s treaties which went up from that western country finally or social relations. Life was hardly worth the living, so ·in­ reached your ears here in the East, penetrated your minds, and tense was the conflict. They were contending for what they in March, 1882, Congress passed the Edmunds Act, which pro­ thought to be a religious principle; we were contending for . Yided for the punishment of· those living in unlawful cohabita- the sanctity and purity of the American borne ; and to-day in ~n . Utah and Idaho, in the southeastern part, the Gentiles are pnce · I bad much to do with the enforcement of that act. Under more lmited, making a fight for the anctity and the purity of it hundreds and thousands of Mormons were sent to the peni­ the horne, and once more they will win the fight. tentiary for unlawful cohabitation, hundreds of them in south­ 'Ve took the Mormons by the band and said to them, "Let us eastern Idaho. In no case did a judge ever sentence a convicted forget past animosities ; let us bury differences, and together Mormon until he asked him the question, " Will you, in the we will live as American citizens and here build up a young future, agree to obey the laws of your country?" If the con­ Commonwealth to be the pride of our sister States." Every victed one said, " I will," the judge allowed him to go free on party hastened to remove the restrictions against the l\Iormon . his own parole. But in no instance did one of these convicted I myself was the first. I think I can say-and I think my col­ Mormons agree that in the future he would obey the laws of his league will not charge me with egotism when I say-that at country. The Mormons are very technical, and perhaps their that time I was the undisputed leader of the Republican party defenders will be as technical; so I · will qualify that statement of my State. I was its representative in this hamber. I sent by saying Bishop Sharp, in Utah, did agree to obey the laws of a letter to the chairman of our State committee on this subject, the country, and he was removed from office and pursued by dated July 24, 1892, which I wish to read. I had just been the church in consequence thereof, so that no other Mormon at­ elected to a six-year term in the Senate: tempted it. UNITED S'l'.ATES SENATE, -The political domination of the Mormon leaders over their Washi11gton, D. C., July 24, 1892. followers was as absolute then as it is now. There was a little Hon. EooAn WILSON, Ollainnan Republican, State Central Committee, difference in methods. They were more open and brutal then. Boise City, Idaho. Now they are more covert. Now they employ men by making SIR: Your telegram inviting me to meet the Republican editors of them governors and Senators and Representatives to say there the State on August 1 to consult with them regarding plans and meas­ ures and policies which will best tend to maintain the supremacy of is no such thing. Then they made no pretense of conceal­ Republican principles is at hand. ment. '.rhere is a local question still with us and with which our party Conditions had becom~ such in Idaho that there was organized has contended unitedly and aggressively for many yea1·s. I refet· to the an anti-Mormon party in the southeastern belt of Idaho which Mormons. I would like to be with you all to exchange views fairly and freely in regard to it. There is a law on our statute.. books which embraced e-very non-Mormon. In a fierce campaign, because in disfranchises them. So long as it remains there it is the duty of every that great county the Mormons and Gentiles were about equally good citizen to see that it is obeyed. The Mormons themselves will · be quick to recognize the absolute necessity for this if, as they claim, divided, the anti-1\Iormons won. They sent six members to the they are now law-abiding citizens in every sense of the word. Territorial legislature of Idaho out of thirty-six. The senti­ Bad laws should be repealed. Laws which have been enacted to cure ment of the Territory bad been aroused. The good people from certain .evils and which are harsh in their provisions, and in their the other sections stood with the anti-1\Iormons of the southeast, workings make hardships for individuals, should likewise be promptly repealed when they have served their purpose and have cured the evils and they passed through the Idaho legislature a test oath, so­ which they are enacted to correct. The Republican party has always called, lUlder the provisions of which no Mormon voted or held been the party of liberty and progress, and it is its boast that it guar­ antees a free ballot and a fair count to every citizen, however humble. office in Idaho for ten years. The course of our party on the 1\formon question in Idaho in the past Neither the Edmunds Act nor our action in Idaho seemed to is one of which we may all feel justly pt·oud. We made it a question make any impres ion on the Mormon people. They were just of party fealty that its members should demand that the :Mormons the same. They were just as defiant. So in 1887 Congre s should give up polygamy and that the leaders of the l\Iormon Chmch should not exercise political control over their followers. Our party pa ed the Edmunds-Tucker Act, which provided additional demanded that there should be no union of church and state, and that penalties against these people and, amongst other things, took the individual members of the Mormon Church should be allowed to away from them their vast church belongings. 'l'hink of it, exercise, untrammeled, perfect freedom of action in all political affairs. The people of the State sustained our party in this position. The Mor­ my brother Senators. From the .beginning to this day and now mons have acknowledged that we were right by openly and repeatedly and forever wherever there are Mormons living with Gentiles proclaiming that they have abandoned polygamy and that their leaders there is this perpetual conflict ; and in the past Congress took no longer attempt nor will th·ey attempt to use their positions to in:flu· ence the judgment of their followers in political matters. If this is so, away from it its church belongings, its church property. Would if polygamy has been given up for all time, if members of the Mormon · the .American citizenship there during all these years do all Church are taking sides with the different parties according to their those things to persecute any religious sect on account of its individual judgment and as their conscience dictates, the Republican party should be the first to extend to them the right hand of fellowship religion? Would your fellow American citizens there be making and to use its best endeavors to make them feel welcome as full citizens this fight now on account of any body's religion? Does it not in every sense of the word. Our party, as a party, can not alford and 1906 .. .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN'ATE. 337

will not prosecute any class of men for past mistakes nor through In the legislatui'e following the election in Idaho of 1902-3 prejudice. . . this same polygamous apostle, John Henry Smith, of Utah, l'Iease extend to each one present individually my best. wishes, ·and accept my sincere regrets that 1 can not be with you. app~ared at. Boise City to ·pass a resolution through the Idaho · Yours, .veJiY truly, legislature for a new constitutional convention to take the test FRED T. DUBOIS. oath out of the Idaho constitution. He testified about it before 'l'be church not only issued the manifesto, but a plea for am· ti1is committee, and . so did Gentiles. He went to the leading nesty was sent to President Harrison, signed by the a:uthorities Republicans there. He went to Governor Morrison, the Re­ of the church, in which plea they :set forth that from that time publican governor. John Henry Smith himself testifies that on there would be no more polygamous living nor would they Morrison tried to dissuade him. I do not know that it bad

M9rmon communities in southeastern Idaho you can not any It was rather sh·ange that it was necessary to put a plank of more than you can in Utah proceed against these offenders; that sort in a political platform. Idaho is the only. State in the and not so well in Idaho, because we have not the laws. In Union wh1-::h does not have such a law. It is one of the most numerous instances I see their political power here as well as favored States. Our climate is such that if vital statistics were in Idaho. They have become an object of solicitude now. They ·published, the ·State would become famous as a health resort. are a political factor because they conti·ol Senators and electoral Yet we can not pass a law to control contagious or infectious votes and Members of Congress. They are to be reckoned with, diseases or to collect vital statistics, because, of necessity, it not as a criminal organization, but as a political factor. carries with it a provision for a registration of births, and the I will refer to an old soldier. I will not call attention to _a Mormons in the legislature and the Republican leaders will not number of things that I could, but will confine myself mostly to let us pass such a law. The Mormons say so openly. They do the political aspect of it. There was an old soldier, a major in not disguise it. They say, "You can not pass that law, because the Union Army, who was holding the postmastership in the you could then locate the polygamists, and our ·people would town of Montpelier, in Bear Lake County. It is a l\!ormon not submit to it." - county, sh·ongly so, but Montpelier itself is a divided town. · A Democratic State senator from south Idaho, in the legisla­ From what I gather and from my knowledge I should think ture before the last; spent almost the entire session:_and he i.s. a that considerably more than one-half of the business of the post­ doctor-trying to get such a bill through, but he failed. The office at Montpelier is done by Gentiles. This l\fajor Under­ medical association of the State has been urging it for years. wood was a Gentile. His place was filled by the appointment of A Republican doctor and State senator from north Idaho spent a Mormon bishop, and the Gentiles of Montpelier protested to the last session in ·trying to have a similar bill pas.secl, and he me, and I went to the Departments about it. 'l'he Gentiles failed for the same reason. We adopted our plank of 1904 in thought that they ought to have that office. I called the at­ our· last State platform demanding the extermination of po­ tention of the President and the Postmaster-General to the facts lygamy and unlawful cohabitation within the State of Idaho, as in the case, but without avail. I can not better tell the story follows: than by reading my letters to both the PTesident and the Post­ EXTERMINATION OF POLYG~:UY AND UNLAWFUL COHABITATION. master-General. The letter to the President is as follows : We demand the extermination of polygamy and unlawful cohabita­ tion within tbe State of Idaho and the complete separation of chm·ch w ASHIXGTO"', D. c., Apt•U 22, 1906. and state in political affairs. We pledge the people of Idaho tbat, in To the PRESIDENT : tbe event of Democratic success at the polls in November, we will make I hand you herewith some papers In regard to the appointment of the effective by legislative enactment the wise and patriotic declarations in :Mormon postmaster at Montpelier, Idaho. I have no recommendation our State constitution, contained in section 3, -Article VI, wbich reads to make as to the appointee. There are a number of qualified Gentiles as follows : . · in Montpelier, any one of whom would be glad to be postmaster. · "No person is permitted to vote, serve as a juror, or bold any civil I am sure that It would be much more in the line of good govern­ office who is under guardianship, idiotic, or insane ; or who has. at ment if Congre sman FRENCH would select a postmaster from among the any place, been convicted of treason, felony, embezzlement of the public Gentiles. I think a mistake was made in displacing the present post­ funds, bartering or selling, or offering to barter or sell, bis vote, or pur­ master. chasing or offe1·ing to purchase the vote of anothe1·, or othe1· infamous Unless a Gentile is appointed postmaster at Montpelier the very crime, and wbo bas not been restored to the rights of citizenship, Ql" large Gentile population of this county will not have a representative "wbo, at tbe time of such election, is confin"ed in prison on conviction in any office, county or Federal. It does seem to me. that no church, of a criminal offense; or wbo is a bigamist or polygamist, or wbo is liv­ or alleged church, is so superior in its membership that every office in ing in what is known as patriarchal, plural, or celestial marriage, or in the county should be in the possession and under the control of this violation of any law of this State o1· of the United States forbidding organization. I have an agreement with my colleague, Senatot· HEY­ any such crime, or who in any mannt>r teaches, advises, counsels, aids, BUR"', that the Senate will pass upon the confirmation o! l\Ir. Winters, or encourages any person to enter into bigamy, polygamy, or such the Mormon bishop, Thursday, the 28th. I will acquiesce in your deci­ patriarchal, plural, or celestial marriage, or to live in violation of any ·sion. If you think the Gentiles, under the circurustances, are entitled such law, or to commit any such crime; or who is a . member of or to this position, and will ask Mr. FRENCH to recommend a Gentile and contl"ibutes to the support, aid, o1· encouragement of any order, or­ will get him to consent to the withdrawal of M1·. Winters for that pur­ ganization, association, corporation, or society. which teaches, advises, pose, you will gratify those in Montpelier who are not l\Iormons, as well cotmsels, encourages, or aids any pe1·son to enter into bigamy, polygamy, as myself. If you think, under the circumstances, that Mr. Winters or such patriarchal or plural marriage, or which teaches or advises should be confirmed and will so intimate to me, I will raise no objection. that the laws of this State prescribing rules of civil conduct are not I ask that you kindly give me your answer before Thursday of this tbe supreme law of the State ; nor shall Chinese, or persons of Mon­ week. golian descent, not born fn the United States, nor Indians not tuxed, Respectfully, FRED T. DUBOIS. who have not severed their tribal relations and adopted the habits of I received no answer to that communication. I wrote the civilization, either vote, serve as jurors, or ho1d any civil office." following letter to Postmaster-General Cortelyou : That is the test oath. The plat~orm further decl~red: We favor further legislation in harmony with the unanimous recom­ WASHINGTON, D. C., AprU 80, 1906. mendation of our supreme court to the . last session of the legislature, Hon. GEORGE B. CORTELYOU, providing for a change of venue on the application of the State upon Postnwster-General, Washington, D. C. a proper showing on behalf of the prosecution that justice demands MY DEAR MR. CORTELYOU : I hand you herewith another petition !or sucb change. the appointment of Marcus F. Whitman as postmaster at Montpelier, Idaho. I will say in passing that the Supreme Court of the Uni~ed I desire to call ·attention to tbis fact, that all the county offices in States unanimously affirmed the constitutionality of that act, Bear Lake County, where Montpelier is situated, are beld by Mormons, and complimented the people of Idaho for having pa sed it. and every Federal office, excepting tbe post-office at Montpelier, is held by Mormons. The Congress of the United States, the Senate, after great de­ Montpelier is a Gentile town, a considerable majority of tbe people liberation, admitted Idaho to statehood with that provision in our constitution, knowing full well what it meant. The next belinfn~~~!Ue;·itb the lette~·s filed with you a little typewritten· statement showing the vote of tbe county for President and governor and lieuten­ clause of our State constitution, following immediately after ant-governor at tbe last election. from which it will be seen tbat the that, says: Republic~n vote was betwe~n 1,500 and 1,600 and the Democratic vote SECTION IV, .ARTICLE VI. The .legislature may prescribe qualifica­ between 30G and 400. tions, limitations, and conditions for tbe . right of suffrage additional At the same election there was a Gentile candidate for superintendent to those prescribed in tbis article, but sball never _annul any of the pro­ of schools and for treasurer on tbe Republican county ticket, yet both visions in this article contained. of them were beaten by Mormons who were running for the same offices on the County Democratic ticket. That is the constitution of the State of Idaho. The situation there means the disfranchisement of every American Immediately after that was passed-and it was passed unani­ citizen by tbis political organization which calls itself a church. Tbe domination of this so-called "church" in political affairs and mously--delegates had come there from e,-ery portion of the the complete union of church and state is perfectly exemplified in this State, and the Democratic party of Idaho was in a more hope­ county of Bear Lake, Id~ho. nder existing circumstances · the Amer­ less minority than it is in Vermont. Two years before that its ican citizeos there are helpless so far as county affairs are concerned, but I do think tbey are entitled to the support of the National Govern­ candidates bad not received nearly one--balf of the votes of the ment in tbe unequal fight in which they are engaged in trying to main­ State. The party had driven from their support all the Mor­ tain American citizenship. mons; yet they were there in their seats in that conventjon in Respectfully, FRED T. DUBOTS. Coeur d'Alene, in the extreme north of the State. The Demo­ I received no answer to that communication. cratic party put that plank in their platform which said from :Now, I will read you the Democratic platform adopted prior this time on no Democratic politician shall trade or barter away to the last election; and when I am describing conditions in the principles and rights of the people of this State for a :Mor­ Idaho, I am describing conditions wherever Mormons are found, mon vote. They had no hope or expectation of winning. Every and these are so familiar to me that no one can dispute any Democratic county convention i~ the Mormon counties repudi- . statement which I make. '.rbere was this plank in our plat­ ated that platform and the Democratic party after it was passed. fo~·m during the last election, viz : In Fremont County the Mormons nominated on the Republican STATE BOARD OF HEALTH LAW. ticket six members of the legislature, all of wllom were Mormon bishops. The other Mormons nominated wllat they called a We pledge the party to enact a State board of health law for the con­ trol of contagious and infectious diseases, and for tbe collection of vital citizens' ticket. They also put up for the legislature six Mor­ statistics. mon bishops. The American citizenship party there nominated ,.

340 ·CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER 13;

·a ticket, but it was, of course, hopel~ssly beaten. In my county I will place you in power!' It can 'say to any lndi'v1dual 1n -either .of Binghan:l the .Mormons nominated a Democratic ticket, so party : "If you agree to support measures fav01·able to us, we will make you .Senator, governor, or put you in whatever office you may called, but they repudiated that platform, denounced 'the Demo- . aspire to." Is not this great power inimical to the best interests M cratic State ticket, and put up candidates for . the legislature . the :State? WiU it not build up in our polities th-e system of " boss­ pledged to '"ote, at any rate, against the nominees of the Demo- . ism;' to trample upon the aspirations of om· people '1 Was not this great power .of the Mormon.,hi~rarcby lately exerted at Pocatello, when cratk State convention. In my county fhe Americans nominated in .a convention in which three polygamists sat two men were permitted a ticket; and I am pr-oud to state that it received a great many to prepare a 'slate" and parcel out the offices of this .State without more '"otes than the so-called DemDcratic ticket. rega.rd to the ('.boice of the people, but always with the :approval of the Mormon· leaders 1 'l'he motto of . that convention seems to have been : In Oneida County they nominated -four bishops on . each "l.f we can .please the hierarchy, the people. can be disregarded." ticket-three or four, I have forgotten the exact number-and in Bear L_ake County they did the same, repudiating utterly the APOSTLES CO?.IE TO ID.A.HO. ~ave we not seen in Boise the polygamous apostle, John Henry Democratic party on account of tba."t platform. Sm1th, of the Mo1·mon Church, end.euvoring to coerce a legislature and I will ask that- the address of the chairman of the Democratic to change the clear provisions of the constitution of Idaho against committee of the State of Idaho, Ur. Lockhart, be inserted in polygamy, which he said was oo objectionable to his people, and has not this been testified to by the leading Republicans of Idaho '1 the RECORD. I will not read it. ·The address is confined entirely Have we not seen the polygamous apostle Matthias Cowley masquer­ to the :Mormon question. · ading as a book agent and visiting h-omes in Oneida County with the The address ~·eferred to is as follows : statement that inasmuch as he was the pi.ritual adviser of the people they must listen to him in political a.fl'airs? Have not the people of CHAIRMAN LOCKHA:RT'S .ADDnESS ON 'THE POLITICAL SITUATION. · ·this State seen Apostle Penrose. likewise a polygamist, leaving his -office in Salt Lake City and coming at the request of political leaders To the people of Idaho: in Fremont County, · Idaho, and changing its :political complexion in a . In view ot the great consequences which. will arise from the cam· night '1 Is there, in this demand that the Mormon hierarchy £hould paign of 1906, and which may_ refteet for good or evil the destinies of refrain from interfering 1n the political affait·s in Idaho, any partisan the people of Idaho for a long time to come, I have deemed it prope.r polities? If so, then th-e .evidence of leading men both in the Demo· that a statement should be given to the people of this State relative cratic .and Republican parties must be disregal·ded. to the course to be pursued by the Democratic State Committee, of which I have the honor to be the chairman. LAST LEGISLATURE. · Who can view the last session of the Idaho leg" islature without the DEMOCRATIC :STATE CONVENTION. blush of shame mantlino- his cheek? Did not Representative Ainey, a A convention of the· Democratic party lately held in Coeur d'Alene Republican, of Canyon County, stand up in the house of rept·esentatives City has declar{)d in unmistakable words that polygamy and unlaw­ and declare that he had been approa ched by members of the ecclesias­ ful coha!Jitati0n must cease, and that the interference in the political tical organization and told that if be -voted for certain measures his affab·s of this State by the Mormon hierarchy must stop; and' it pledged usefulness as a legislator was ended? I:Ia.ve the men of Idaho become itself, if given the power by the people at the polls, to carry into so 'docile in their subjection to Joseph F. Smith, of Salt Lake, that such effect by statutes punishiiJg such offenses, that clause of the State a statement .can be made by one of their representatives and they not constitution which has heretofore been at once the buhv'ark of moral­ resent it? Was it partisan politics when, acting under their constitu­ ity and decency in the hom~ of this State and the weapon of defense tional duty, the judges of the supreme coul1: of this State wisely. sug­ against the political domination of an unscrupulous and selfish alien gested to the legislature of this State that a change of venue bill be oligarchy which seeks to confuse. the religious sentiments of its people ·passed in the interest of justice? And y et was this Democratic politics by directing them in theif political actions. · when this measure advocated by the supreme court (composed of two Repnblicans and one Democrat) and introduced by .so prominent a Re­ NO PARTISANSITIP DICTATED COURSE. publican as Judge Richards, of '.Ada County, in the house, the Mormon No partisanship has dictated the course of the · Democratic pa.rty in speaker left the chair and, descending to the ftoor of the house, charac­ preseating this issue, for at all times, disregarding the possibilities of terized the bill as the weapon of chru·act.er assas ins and with passion derivin g advantage by truckling to the Mormon hierarchy, the Demo­ declared it an insult aimed at the MoJ.·mon people. Why 2 When this cratic party has sought to occupy the high ground of citizenship which chan~e of .-enne bill was being discussed in the senate Senator 1\IcBetb, looks solely to the welfare of the State and the· presecvation of those in advocating its enactment, stated that if this bill should be passed it hom.es which are at once the glory and saf~guard of a Tepublic. would be .the death blow to polygamy, and on this statement, notwith­ standing the. recommendation of the upreme court of the State and in • POLYGAMY IN IDAHO. order to continue this abhorrent practiee, the influence of the Mormon We affirm unhesitatingly that polygamy is not only practiced in thi hierarchy in the senate forthwith killed it. State, but is increasing to an alarming extent, and if the people of Idaho will intrust the affairs of government of the State of Idaho to PO\'VER OF CHURCH. the nominees of the Coeur ' d'Alene convention and the legislators from Are the citizens of Idaho., who .are trying to lift Idaho to the high the various counties who indorse the Coeur d'Alene platform, we will place occupied by h er sistet· States in civic authority and public mor­ pass such laws at the next session of the Idaho legislatUTe as will ality, to be .calle d partisan when they ins ist that laws that have pt·ov~n enable us to llrove this assertion; without laws we · are powerleS:s to efficacious in other States in preventing disease and in fostering public act. We affirm that children, the future citizens of this State, are health be adopted in this State! If in agitating against the control of being born 'branded with illegitimacy and deprived of their legal birth­ the affairs of Idaho by the Mormon hierarchy we be called p~rtisan, we t'ight, and reared in an atmosphere which must undermine their moral point to the experience of Doctor Yrance, Republican representative from natmes. 'l'o absolutely stamp out this {!rime, prohibited by the moral Shoshon~ Omnty in the last legislature, as an example of . the power of sense of mankind, and to rescue these little children, so that each the church· to oppose and defeat the best interests of this people. Doc­ may stand equal in tbc eyes of the law, unashamed of its parentage, tor France, at the request of ·the State medical board, introduced a we appeal to the motherhood of this State to stretch out protecting board of health .bill, whid1 in effect provided the machinery for stamp· ~~1a~J~. the children -reared in this vicious practice of unlawful co- ing out epidemics and contagious diseases and provided for the collec­ tion of the vital statistics of the State. Idaho IS the only State of the WOMEN's PRIVILEGE ~"D DUTY. American Union which has not -such a law, and to the .credit of the medical profession of the State, they endeavored to place Idaho in line The women of Idaho have been given at once a great privilege and a with the best medical and scientifi~ information by collating and copy- . great duty, and we urge them so to act in this campaign tbat the ing the best part of each law from the different States on this subject. claims made in their behalf shall be vindicated, viz, whenever a - ques­ Doctor France introduced this bill.; and was thereupon told by the repre­ tion of morality should be presented to the people, the votes of the sentatives of this Salt Lake hierarchy that it' he eliminated the provi· women would be .cast fearlessly for the right. Can you, women of sion regar-ding the registration of births the· bill could be passed, other­ Idaho, . looking into the clear, innocent eyes of. your children, fail to wise it could not. Upon his refusal to truckle to this plainly immoraL help us free the polygamous children of the curse of bastardy? Was demand the bill met the same fate as its predecessors by being defeated it not taught on the shores of Galilee that, "It were better that a at the hands of th~ 1\Iormon influence. Thus to hide the evidence that millstone were hanged a.bout his neck and that he be cast into the they still preach and p ractice polygamy the Salt Lake h~erarchy have sea, rath er than tha.t he should offend one of these little ones." Is exposed th.e people of Idaho to contagious disease and possibly death that not living tl·uth to-day in Idaho? Is not the question whether or by keeping the State from having the necessary machinery to effectually not sou will continue to permit these little ones to be offended put quarantine against disease. · straight to the hearts of the women of Idaho to-day in this campaign ; THE GREAT ISSUE. or whether, joining with us, you will put down forever the pTactice of _polygamy in this Stat e? There have appeared apologists for the old There is but one issue to be presented to the people of the State in polygamists, but who, if not women of this State, shall be heard in view of these incontrovertible facts above stated, viz, whetl:ier or not defense of their young children? the people of Idaho shall enjoy political independence and whether or not they . shall cleanse this State of the crimes now being p1·acticed FRENCH'S TESTIMOl\"'Y. within its borders. I shall not permit. the personalities of the different The State of Idaho stands pilloried befme the United States, ptaced candidates to enter into the discusslon, but shall insist at all times that there by the sworn testimony of Representative French before the REED the .question of the sanctity of the home and political liberty 'is greater SMOOT investigating 'Committee of the United States Senate, where, than the aspirations of any candidate; that the great qu stion to be an­ sitting between two· polygamous apostles of the Mormon Church, he swered and settled at. the polls in 1 ovember is whether vice shall be unblushingly testified that the people of Idaho condoned the cl-ime of effectively suppressed and individual political liberty be preserved to polygamy and unlawful cohabitation in the cases of old polygamists. each citizen· of Idaho. We must make sure that the State lives before Do you, women of Idaho. condone the birth of children of old polyg­ we discuss tht! question of politics. · amists, tainted from thei.r infancy with this system of crime? (Last July a forty-third child was born to the third polygamous wife of APPEAL TO PATRIOTIC CITIZE:-IS. Jo eph F. Smith, president of the Mormon Church.) Are we to allow I am not appealing to the pru·tisan sentiments of the Democratic this statement to stand l' egar~ing Idaho, or will the earnest men and party, but, rather, I am addressing in this campaign all the citizens of women of this State repudiate it? Idaho regardless of party ; to De=rats and Republicans alike, because their· interests are being jnjured in the most vital places; to th~ women CHURCH INTE:RFERENCE. of Idaho, regardless of party affiliations, because crime is practiced in No less momentous in its effects upon the future of Idaho is the this State which particularly affects them. We have before us the ever- · · interference in political affairs of the Mormon hierarchy. As is well continuing struggle of .a democracy-the preservation of a liberty dear·ly known, the Mormon vot ers hold the balance of power between the two bought and heroically maintained. It :is a fight for first principles-and great parties-the Republican and Demo.er.a.tie-and these Mormon all that is most dear to men. · voters a.re absolutely controlled by the hierarchy. · It is possible for Before any other question can be answered the people of this State the authorities of the Mormon Church, sitting in Salt Lake City, to must, by their solemn votes, affirm that liberty is dearer to them than say to either party in Idaho : " If you will agree to our demands, we their party affiliations and that the purity of the home must be pre· CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 341

served and that the children .born in this great Commonwealth shall pay Saints. This is especially emphasized in his closing sentence, tace the world without a stain upon their birth_ For the accomplish­ which is as follows : · ment of these great ends I appeal to the whole people of Idaho to unite "Any attempt to challenge voters on account of their being members with the Democratic party so that the pledges of its platform may be of churches or organizations, or associations, or on account of their enacted into the laws of the land. religious or other beliefs is illegal and is an intimidation of voters, and H. W. LocKHABT, 011airman. it is your sworn duty to see that this is not done." ID.\HO, August SO, 1906. Senator HEYBURN, in an address delivered at Columbia Theater, BOISE~ B(}ise, on Friday evening, September 14r 1906, said, after reading the Mr. DUBOIS. I will read the-letter of the chairman to those Idaho test oath : whom he invited to speak for the Democratic party during the " That is the constitution ; that is higher law than any statute. The legislature, without regard to party liP.es, repealed the Rtatute on campaign. It is as follows : that subject. They needed no statute; the constitution is sufficient LOCKHA.RT'S LETTER TO SPEAKERS." to prevent them from voting. It they come within this provision they CHAIRliA~ are disfranchised now." MY DEAR Sm : The campaign in this State is going to be a very The Democratic State central committee has undertaken to and interesting one. The greatest qu.estlon to be submitted t(} the voters will call to account at the polls, by way of challenging, all the Mor­ of Idaho is whether or not the Mormon hierarchy is going to domi­ mons which it is possible to reach by challenge, that they may be made nate in the political affairs or whether the people of this State are to comply with the spirit and letter of our constitution, which is. the aoing to settle the question this time by makin~ it plain that ·the good fundamental law of the State of Idaho, and with that part in par­ people o"f Idaho will never su~mit to cliu~:cb dtctation of p~litics and ticular found in section 3 of Article VI. This announcement was the practices of those vices which are agamst the moral sentiment and made a week ago, since which time Governor Gooding and the Re­ the law of the land. · publicans generally who belong to his machine have threatened our We are very anxious to enlist in this campaign the services of those challengers with arrest. They put this on the flimsy ground that it who believe in advocating stron~ly a straightforward fight along the is the desire of our organization to delay this election. lines of noninterference in politics by the Mormon church and the Our challengers are hereby instruCted to preserve order and to act eradication of the practice of polygapty and unlawful cobabi.tatio:r;t. with all possible dispatch. The appeal by the governor and this notice We desire very much to have the services of such as speakers m. this of Chairman Brady to the election judges of the State are exciting campaign, and I cordially extend to you, on behalf ?f the committee, trouble. The notice of Chairman Brady to the judges of election is an invitation to speak at such plac(ls and at such times as the com­ issued for the purpose of avoiding the issue. mittee can avail themselves of your services, and we would appreciate The American people must rally to us and h~lp us in the defense ot it very much if you would kindly respond to this letter at your very the people exercising the legal rights of the citizens, and our challengers earliest convenience. should be supported in doin~ their duty. The Democratic State centr!ll Thanking you for your prompt response, I remain, committee will stand behind everybody while performing his duty botb Yours, truly, before and after election. , w. H. LocKHART, The claim of Chairman Brady that none but judges of election can Ohairman Democratic State Contmittee. challenge voters is erroneous and unwarranted by law. The law re­ BOISN, IDAHO, September 1, 1906. lating to challengers (see Session Laws of 1899, pp. 52 and 53 and sees. 77 to 86,. inclusive) provides that any elector may challenge anyone ·. The whole campaign from beginning to end was made on -the who offers to vote. and should do so if he believes the person is not a Mormon question. We put in our platform a plank lamenting qualified voter. There is no law forbidding an elector challenging any­ one who offers to vote. The wording of section 5, above referr.ed to, the death of ex-Governor Steunenberg· and calling for justice to says: be meted out to his murderers. The Republican State platform " It shall be the duty of any judge of election to challenge any person was entirely silent on that question. Not a· speaker, not even offering to vote whom be believes not to be qualified as an elector." This. enjoins upon the judges of election the especial duty of chal­ the governor himself, at the State convention said one word lenging, but does not arrogate to them the sole right to challenge. It about this subject. Our recent candidate for governor is and has been the custom in this State for any elector to challenge when he was the chief justice of Ida·ho. As chief justice he handed believes the person offe.ring to vote is not entitled to vote. 'l'he constitution, the highest law in this State, disquali.fi.es a mem­ down the decision in the 1\foyer-Hay.wood cases, denying the ber of any order from voting who encourages,_ advises, teaches, coun­ writ of habeas corpus, which decision has been affirmed by the sels, or aids polygamy, plural or celestial marriage; or teaches that Supreme Court of the United States. .There was no law or order any rule of action or law is greater than the laws of this State in matters of civil conduct. The membership of an organization which issue in Idaho of that kind. does these things prohibits anyone from holding any civil office or Senator HEYBURN, my colleague, made a speech in Boise City from voting. The election laws prescribe what questions shall be on Friday evening, September 14. 1006, which, I presume, you asked the person offering to vote who is challenged upon certain might call a keynote speech. I addressed the people of Boise ground, viz : First. Upon the ground that he is not a citizen. Second. That l:Y~ bas not resided in the precinct, county, or State a sufficient from the same platform in tbe same theater on the Tuesday length of time to vote. In no other case does it prescrfbe wbat ques­ preceding. 1\fy colleague was kind enough to attend my meet­ tions shall be asked. To bold that one can not challenge a polygamist or anyone who teaches, advises, or counsels members in the organiza­ ing, but I was not in Boise when he spoke. I presume my tion that does believe in polygamy, or who places the ecclesiastical speech was a keynote speech, and his was in answer and a key­ above the civil law, is erroneous and contrary to sections 2 and 3 note speech for his party. Among other things, my colleague in of Article VI of the constitution. Such claim is absurd, and tile threat to arrest a person who challeng£>s others ol'l'ering to vote is a measure ridiculed me for putting in our platform the provi­ not sound in law nor fair to our constitution, upon which rests the sion regarding the enforcement of our State constitution. In entire superstructure of our young Commonwealth. The right to that carefully prepared speech at Boise, after reciting in full challene-e is the privilege accorded by the law above mentioned. and is not an offense. - It may be exercised. it should be exercised, to the the test oath which I have just read to you, my colleague said: end that anyone not a qualified elector should be prevented from That Is the constitution ; that is higher law than any statute. The voting. The election law in Idaho (Session Laws 1899, p. 34, sec. 5) legislature, without regard to party lines, repealed the statute on especially provides that- ' that subject. They needed no statute; the constitution is sufficient " Electors are privileged from arrest except foi" treason, felony, or to prevent them from voting. If they come within this provision, breach of the peace during their attendance on election." they are disfranchised now. Our advice to challengers in Idaho is that you challenge any person who offers to vote in your precinct when yon believe such person is not I think that is good doctrine, whether or not it is sound law, entitled to .vote under the provision of. our constitution, as well as cf especially when our State co:ostitution says further that the statute. but in doing so we advise you to act in a peaceable, dignified, and determined manner, without disturbing the peace ; that you state legislature shall not take out any of those limitations in our the grounds of challenge ,and ask that the person be sworn and ques­ constitution. tioned in regard to his constitutional right to vote. At the end of the campaign we instructed our men to chal­ I hope that the higher· citizenship may guide all challengers in the performance of this very important function. The good citizens of this lenge the Mormons at the polls ; to present to them that con­ State should rally to the support of those who are aiding . to insist stitutional provi ion, and ask that they . conform to the con­ upon the adherence to this provision of our State constitution, which stitutional requirement before they voted. I wm ask the Sec­ was placed there by the leading citizens of Idaho, regar·dless of party affiliations, and which affords such a splendid safeguard to our people, retary to read what our chairman says in regard to challenging if enforced. yoters. I remain, with great respect, The VICE-PRESIDE~T. Without objection, the Secretary H. W. LOCKHART, will read as reque ted. Chairman Democt·atic State OentraZ Oommittee. The Secretru·y read as follows: BOISE, IDAHO, "Novem,ber 1, 1906. Mr. DUBOIS. Mr. President, the chairman of the Repub­ REG.A..RIH~G CHALLE~GKS . lican State committee also issued an address to the yoters and To the people of Idaho: - election judges, in which he advised them in regard to their duty~ At the beginning of the present campaign I addressed you in an open He said; letter in which . I insisted, in obedience to the mandate of the Demo­ ELECTION JUDGES TAKE NOTICE ! ~ratic State convention, which was held at Coeur d'Alene city on Au­ gust 6, the Mormon question was the paramount issue in Idaho politics An organized attempt bas been threatened to prevent thousands of and that the Republican party, as a result of their State convention held citizens who are duly qualified and registered voters from casting their at Poc.o

It is your sworn duty to keep all persons out of the room where the as they had the right to do under the statutes of Idaho. They election is being conducted, except persons who are authorized to vote and the proper election officers. You are empowered to remove all were arrested by the Mormons and thrown into jail and de­ other persons, and it is your duty to do so, and especially such persons prived of their right to vote. Will Mulkins and Robert Hop­ as interfere in any manner with the voters. kins, as reputable ·citizens as there are anywhere, were thrown If you should allow any person to be present for the purpose of challenging, it is your duty to see that it is done in good faith and that into jail at Sugar City. The vote there stood, Gooding · 422, such challenge must not result in intimidation or interfering with Stockslager 27. They were thrown into jail for intimidating voters or delaying the voters from casting their ballots. 422 votes against 27 ! No one except the jud~es should be permitted in any manner to inter­ rogate a voter aftet· he Is challenged. The cilallenger can not ask him Down in Bannock County, at McCammon, H. 0. Harkness, one any questions. It is your duty, if you believe the challenge is made in of the most. reputable citizens of Idaho, who has been a "leading good faith and upon any of the grounds mentioned in the election laws furnished you, to state the qualifications of an ·elector to the person characte:.: there for thirty years, a lifelong Republica:d, was ar­ challenged, and if the person challenged declares himself qualified and rested for challenging l\Iormon voters. He was there and helped the challenge is not withdrawn, then you should administer .to him the to make the State. He was one -of the pioneers. He is one of elector's oath as provided in the election laws, and you are pt·ohibited from administering any other oath, and he is not compelled to take any the leading ·characters of the State. He was arrested. by a other oath in order to be allowed to vote. l\Iormon constable and taken 25 miles to Pocatello. Then the chairman of the Republican State committee says : Our challenger was arrested at Oxford, also in Bannock County. One hundred and ·five men were challenged there, and ·The elector's oath prescribed by the statute, and which is the only oath that you can administer, is found on page 17 of the election laws, the judges refused to administer the constitutional oath. Gray, and is as follows : the Mormon county attorney of the county of Bannock, tele· ELECTORJS O.!.TH, phoned to arre t the challenger and throw him in the ditch, · "I do swear (or affirm) that I am a citizen of the United Sfates, of and they arrested him. At no place would. the l\Iormons take the age of 21 years, or will be the --- day of ·---, A. ·D. 1900- the · constitutional oath. They refused. At Rose precinct, in (naming the date of next succeeding election) ; that I have (or will have) actually resided in this State for six months and in this county my county and near my town, ·a l\Iormon named Johnson whose for thirty days next preeeding the next ensuing election ; that I have brotber has just been elected to the legislature from n'ingham never been convicted of treason, felony, embe7.zlement of public funds, County (he is a Mormon bishop), threatened to arrest the bartel"ing or selling or offering to barter or sell my vote, or purchasing or offering to purchase the vote of another, or other infamous crime, judges of election at Rose, two of whom were Gentiles, and pre­ without thereafter being restored to the rights of citizenship; that I vented them as judges from challenging the voters. It was that will not commit any act in violation of the provisions in this oath con­ way all through this southeastern country. There were fights tained ; that I am not now registered or entitled to vote at any other place in this State ; that I do regard the Constitution of the United in some precincts-that is, the great masses of the Mormons States and the laws thereof, and the constitution of this State and the would throw out the Gentiles; and in no case did the Mormons laws thereof, as interpreted by the courts as the supreme law of the take the constitutional requirement. land; . (when made before a judge of election as: 'and I have not previously voted at this election ') so help me God. The 1\formons elected twenty-seven members of the Jeo-islature " Subscribed and sworn to before me this --- day of --- A. D. in Idaho out of a total of seventy-two .. They absolutel; elected "190-. Register of---- precinct,--- county, Idaho." by force of numbers .in those counties twenty-one members. I will say in regard to the elector's oath that it does not Their votes elected six more. Out-of these twenty-one whom prescribe one of the qualifications which are in our constitu­ they absolut~Iy control they elected sixteen Mormon bishops. tion. Every one of them which affects a Mormon is carefully They allowed tlle Gentiles to paYe, I think, three members of eliminated by the legislature from the elector's oath. The the legislature in southeastern Idaho, but they were careful that chairman of the Republican State committee says: they were as subservie~t to the church as a Mormon bishop The elector's oath prescribed by the statute • • • is the only would be. oath that you can administer. The result of the election-and the whole B.ght was, as I say, And then the chairman of the Republican State committee made on the l\Iormon question, from one end of the State to the says: other, and from tile beginning to the end-was that Governor The grounds of the challenge must be stated by the challenger, and Gooding carried the six Mormon counties in south Idaho out of a challenge can not be made except for the following reasons, to wit: the · sixteen, and none other. He lost the ten •Gentile counties, That the person has been convicted. of a felony ; although all but three of them are strongly Republican. He car­ Or that the person· bas not resided in the State six months ; Or that the person has not resided in the precinct thirty days; ried, two years ago, Canyon County, where Gdvernor Steunen­ Or that the person is not a citizen of the United States or is not berg lived and died and is revered.. It is ·a purely agricultural 21 years of age ; county, and Governor Gooding- carried it two years ago by 1,200. 1.'hat the person is registered and entitled to vote in some other place GOO. in the State; · This time he lost it by That the person has previously voted at this election. Ada County, in which Boise City is situated, which is nor­ If the challenge Is made on the ground that a person has been con­ mally Republican by 2,500, and which GoYernor Gooding car­ victed of a felony, he shall not be questioned· by anyone, not e>en the ried two years ago by 3,000, he lost by over 500 this time. It judges, but the laws you are furnished with provide the proof to be produced in order to prevent him from voting. is a purely agricultural county. He lost the Republican. coun­ If the challenge is made on any or the other four grounds mentioned, ties-every one of them-in south Idaho. He carried three the law provides what questions shall be asked by the judges, and when counties out of five in the north by a slight majority. So in this is done your :full duty and authority is performed. When a voter is registered the law makes the registration prima facie the State outside of the l\Iormon counties he carried three evidence of his right to vote, and he should be allowed to cast his bal­ counties only. lot tmless it is shown to you that he is disqualified under the law, and you are furnished with the law pertaining to your duties and what Judge Stockslager came to the l\Iormon belt with a majority the qualifications of the legal voter are. . of between two and three thousand, which these six Mormon Any attempt to challenge voters on account of their being members of counties wiped out, and planted to the credit of Governor Good­ churches or organizations or nssociations, or on account of their reli­ ing 8,800 majority. The people of Idaho intended to elect last ~ious or other beliefs, is illegal and is an intil:nidation of votet·s, and it 1s your sworn duty to see that this is not done. time a Democratic governor and a Democratic legislature, and J'AMES H. BRADY, they would haye elected a Democratic legislature, but that the Ohainna1~ Republican State Committee. Socialist vote defeated it. The Democrats were beaten in the BOISE, IDAHO, Octobel· 13, 1906. county of my colleague, Shoshone County, by 200 as respects In these instructions to judges and Mormons every one of the their legislative ticket. The Socialist vote . was 700 in the disqualifications in our constitution is left out. . county. The Socialist vote added to the Democratic vote would Governor Gooding, in a speech at Rexburg just before the have made a Democratic legislature. election-1 will say that the yote at Rexburg on election day The Democratic party was not making a campaign for the was 644 for Gooding and 66 for Stockslager, 644 to 66-Gov­ Socialist ticket. The Republicans were encouraging the Social­ ernor Gooding, in this Mormon precinct, said: "Arrest these ists to keep up their organization, and in the midst of it Pre i. challengers if they interfere or intimidate you. I will stand dent Roosevelt sent Secretary Taft to Idaho to speak in behalf by you as governor of the State if you arrest them." And the of law and order and for Governor Gooding, who was advising Weiser World, the known organ of Governor Gooding, had this the l\Iormons to mob American citizens who were attempting to to say on November 2: exercise the right of challenge at the polls. To citi.~ens ·of Idaho: I will submit the official vote of the State, prepared by the Carry a1·ms on election day in sections where it may be necessary to secretary of state, which, if anyone is curious to read it, will defend the rights of citizens, and use such means to protect the ballot ·Show that if the Socialists are against law and order, they were as the occasion may demand. the adjuncts of the Republican party; and I trust that the They followed the advice. We sent our challengers to the President of the United States does not mean that' every mem­ polls, and the Mormons arrested at Rexburg and threw into ber of a labor union is against law and order, because, as I say, jail l\Ir. H. A. BuchllliUl, who was running for sheriff on the these · overwhelmingly . Republican counties went for Judge American ticket, and J. A. Kinney, a druggist from St. Anthony. Stockslager on the l\Iormon question, and they were agricultural They were there to put the constitutional challenge to 1\Iormons, counties, without a mine in them. 1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 343

Abstract of votes cast for governor and. members of the Idaho State . BOISE COU:l\'TY. legislature for 1!J04 and. 1906. Senators: . Walter F. Hiatt,. .Republican______1,027 1904. 1906. ~ ohn. 0. Barbon, Democrat______725 Representatives : Frederick S. Logan~ Republican _____ :. ______~----- !155 Augustus F. Walter.s, Democrat______.:______aQ) 789 Po Po Q) p.,8 Q) A ~ CANYON. COUNTY. aQ) ~ .tJ c:.i :>: Po Q) c:.i ~ Senators: bO 0 0 Q) 0 1>0 til) 0 0 H William M. Wayman, Republican______1:1 Q) d""' U1 2,731 County. ;o :9- U1 ;a p., &; 11" .tJ W. W. Snell, Democrat______1,480 Q) ~- ~ '"'- 0 0 Q) 0 ~ 1:1 Alvah .J. Hand, Socialist:.. ______0 d = :>: 0 ~ :::::r H ·~ 304 Q) 0 ·c;; ~ .q ~ C!) .a R. E. Haynes, Independent______1 C!l ·s r:tl C!l .£ .... ~- ::I U1 ~ rn ~ +>+" ~ A Representatives: ~· r:tl ~ d ~ ::I Daniel W. Ainey, Republican ______A ;:Q rx.; ~ · 2,806 ,!<1 .!4 0 ~ a 8 1:1 t: 0 .s 1=1 .n ~ ,Q 'd Gilbert T. II~mill, Republic~n------'------~.860 d 1:1 Q) !::: ti :i 0 ~ d Q) Arthur A. R1.chards, Repubhcan ______2,860 0 ,Q 'd ~ .cl ,Q :::::: 0 ~ D:l E-< ~ 8 ~ 0 E-< rn ~ z ~ 1,424 i------======::======1,·362 fv. 'X: ~~~1~: g::~~~:i~ 1, 390 Ada ...... 4,007 1, 984 271 157 21 2,600 3,116 266 203 ...... :ie~:Y ~~~~~~ ~crra~l~~~===~======R01 Bannock ...... 2,778 1,014 219 2 2 2, 3731 1. 421 128 8 ...... Willie E. Snodgrass, Socialist______: ______301 Bear Lake ....•... 1, 615 349 14 3 2 1, 915 2()9 19 1 •.•• ...... John V. Wheeler, jr., Sodalist ------301 Bingham ...... 3,03:) 1,004 341 25 10 2,9m 1,411 266 33 ...... Blaine ...... 916 1,154 74 10 :l 997 1,056, Ill 18...... C.ASSIA COU~TY • Boise ....•...... 907 794 102 36 15 601 9 1 125 9 ...... Senators: Canyon ...... 2;6n 1,412 302 191 34 2, 1461 2, 750 251 180 1 ...... Geor~e A.. Day, Republican ------933 . Cll sia ...... 1,032 468 55 4 7 1, 478, 1, 164 159 26 ...... Dan T. Albee, Democrat______:. ______. 603 CUster ...... 399 575 25 1 29<1 743 39 4 ...... Representatives : El..ul.ore ...... 452 534 56 lg 4 404 754 .124 7 ...... Louis H. Sweetser~ Republican______...:______1,001 Fremont ...... 3,932 1,111 314 8 8 4,841 1,223 596 22 .... 1 .... Richard K. Lessey, Democrat------­ 513 Idaho ...... 2,195 1, 9'25 242 27 16 1, 750 1,760 188 27 ...... Kootenai...... 3,55[) 1, 776 555 122 12 2,94.7 2,858 686 108 ...... CUSTER COU~TY • Latah ...... 2,616 1,620 205 162 13 2,596 1,268 252 194 .••• ...... Senators: Lemhi ...... 690 6S9 5 10 655 787 15 4 .... ·--- ...... Charles F . Baker, Republican______453 Lincoln ...... 644. 342 ~ 2 .... 691 764 ] 56 5 ...... Ravenel Macbeth, Democrat ------516 Nez Perces ...... 3,099 2,714. 379 155 8 2, 953 2,097 <:30 135 ...... Representatives: Oneida ...... 2,276 830 73 -·· ...... 2,892 385 79 15 ...... 1 George L. Morgan, Republican------506 Owyhee ...... 536 558 77 6 5 356 665 82 3 .... -·-. Joshua D. Woods. Democrat------424 Sho hone ...... 2,987 2,048 413 26 4 1,997 2,162 445 16 ...... ·---...... Washington ...... 1,f>;% 1, SOl 206 36 5 906 1,922 233 19 ...... ELMORE COUNTY. Senators: ----,-. ------,--.------John P. Ctays, Republican______511 Total ...... 41,878124,25214,000 990 179138,386,29,49614,650,1,037 1 1 1 William A. Russell, Democrat______539 Representatives: . · Abstract of votes cast for State senator~ and representatives at the Thomas W. Rickford, Republican______505 general election held Novembe1· 8, 1904 . llober·t D. Gorby, DemocraL------;------559 .ADA 'coUNTY. Senators: FREJMONT CO!J~TY. John W. Walker, Republican ______,______4, 100 Senators: ~ohn W. Hart, Republican-----~------~-- 3,652 Samuel H. Hays, Democrat------~------1,821 Alma C. Hess, Democrat______1, 411 Robert L. Creek, Socialist__:______:____ 285 Representatives : • Chal'les H. Cammans, Socialist --"------·------304 Orren V. Allen, Republican ______4,034 Representatives : . · ll~rvey B. Powers, Republican ______Charles C. Moore, Republican------3, 672 4,077 TI"illiam N. Stephens, Republican ______.: ______3, 496 James H. Richards, Republican ______4,112 Olney D. Bell. Republican ______3, 461 Erwin W. Johnson. Uepublican ______3, 8!>0 2,017 James 0. W~bst~r, Republican.._ __ ~------'------3, 515 Marion S. Parker, DemocraL------~ Geor~e E. Hill. Jl·c, Democrat______1, 447 John B. Wilburn, Democrat______1,813 Theodore E. Laing, Democrat______Joseph L. Larsen, Democrat-"------·----- .1, 590 1,874 A. D. Miller, jr., Democrat______.:_ ____ .:. ______1, 634 William •r: Booth, Democrat______1,915 Robert E. Knapp, Socialist______267 T. B. Ellsworth, Democr·at______: __· ------·- 1, 546 George F. Carter, Socia.lisL~ _____ ..: ______275 H. B. Adams, Socialist ------293 Fletcher F. Lovejoy, Socialist______2G5 L. Roseborough, SocialisL------'--- 292 ~- W. Kooch, Socialist______285 Robert L. Pennell, SocialisL------.------. 270 J. F. Shoemaker, So.ci:Uist------:------1 BA...~NOCK COU~TY. Senators: IDAHO CO !J ~""TY. John J. Hull, Republican ______2,443 Senators: . Thomas H. Grassf ord, Democrat______1,341 Charles H. Nugent, Republicu.n ____ .,. ______.:______2,394 William Liddell, Socialist______195 Martin L. Butler, Democrat_ __ :______1, 714 Representatives: W ~sley Chapman, SocfallsL------...,------48 . Norman Belcher, Republican ______2, 371 Representatlves : John Schutt, Republican ______2,388 Gustavus J. Wright, Republican------­ 2,425 J. Frank Hunt. Republican ______2,327 Willi,.am D. Timm, Reppblican ------2,469 William A. Holzheimer, Democrat______1,487 ~- Loyal Atkinson, Republican.______.:. ___ _ 2,392 Charles W. Fryar, Democrat______1,384 Benjamin D. Knol'l", Democrat_ ___ .:______1,827 Benjamin W. Henderson, Democrat______1,434 George L. Hedges, Democrat------1,GJ7 Frank D. Brown, Socialist______200 Matt Fuchs, Democrat______1,651 J. E . Trimmings, Socialist______205 Henry T. Smith, Socialist ______38 Frank Gibson, Socialist______210 William V. Manring, Socialist______41 BEAR LAKE COU. TY. Henry Lyons, Socialist ------1 Senators: KOOTENAI COUNTY. William L. Rich, Republican ______1, 311 Joseph C. Rich, Democrat______Senators: 1,035 Herman H. Taylor, Republican------3,535 Representatives: Simon P. Donnelly, Democrat______1,810 Grove C. Gray, Republican ______1,365 .James C. Schurlock, Socialist______Wilford W. Richards, Republican______555 1,415 'r homas Turnbull, Independent ------1 George C. Hillier, DemocraL------~------980 Christian Wallantine, Democrat______Representatives: 876 William Ashley, jr., Republican ______: __ 3, 504 BINGHA.U COUNTY. A. A. Sage, Republican ______: __. ______3,442 Senators: ~- H. Spaulding, Republican ______3,215 James E. Steele, Republican ______2,762 Charles 0. Callahan, Democrat ------­ 1, 800 1,277 A.S. H. A. Watkins,Darknell, DemocratDemoerat_ ------______.:______1,775 X~oEE.eB~Si~e,D~~t;fr~~======337 ~.064 Representatives: . J. Rand Sanborn, Socialist______.:_ __ 586 Fred H. Turner, Repubhcan ______L. J. Porter, Republican ______3, 070 Amos C. Smith, Socialist ------­ 557 3,010 David E. Biglow, Socialist------; ------555 Alfred Chistensen, Republican ------2,946 J. G. Hinkle, Democrat______:._..: ______976 LATAH COUNTY. A. A. Dewey, Democrat ______Senators: 955 Maris E. Lewis, Republican______L. M. Capps, Democrat______1,006 2,773 F. S. Fry, Socialist______" ' illiam H. Harris. Democrat______1,412 336 Adge M. Hoidale, Socialist______Bingham Matthews. Socialist ------­ 356 228 llenry H. Trowbridge, SocialisL------344 Representatives: ~ames J. Mulalley, Republican______2,876 Senators: BL..U)..J~ COUNTY. James S. Nelson. Republican ______2,614 Fred W. Hastings, Republican ______1,119 Samuel M. Smith, Republican ______2,723 . . George A. Williams, Democrat______.______968 IIenry H. Bangs, Democrat______1,357 Representatives : William M. Thompson, Democrat______1,648 Sidney C. Fuld, Republican______1, 149 Frank E. llix, Democrat______._ ___. __ 1,404 Daniel D. Bush, Republican-----~------1,138 Almarine A. Anderson, Socialist______~------228 Archibald Billingsley, Democrat______928 Tennis E. Miller, Socialist______231 Charles H. Porter, Democrat______1,014 Melvin C. Davis, Socialist______. ------227 344 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER 13,

LEMHI COUNTY. · Representatives-Continued. Senators: Ralph P. Quarles, Citizen ------1,387 · Robert W. McBride, Republican ______:______711 William R. Butler, Citizen ______· ______!. ______1,2G2 William T. Stethem, Democrat______691 Marion S. Parker. Citizen ______1,376 Representativ.es: -John H. Ross, Citizen ______1,264 L orenzo Falls, Republican ______669 E. B. Matthews, Citizen ______1,220 Orin E. Kirkpatrick, Democrat______: ______:_:_ ____. ___ _ 721 John Daly, s~, Independent ______1· LINCOLN COUNTY. BANNOCK COUNTY. Senators: Senators: Joseph S. Darrah, Republican______640 El E. Jacobs, Republican ______James P. Stevenson, Democrat______.:.______353 2,461 Representatives: . D. Worth Clark, Democrat------­ 1,282 Samuel J. Donaldson, Republican ______:_ 658 William Liddell, Socialist------140 John H. Condit, Democrat______:______326 Representatives: J. ll'rank Hunt, Republican ______2,36R NEZ PERCES COUNTY. W. H. Lovesy, Republican ______2,407 Senators: W. A. Staley, Republican ______: ______2,42!) George Ill. Crum, Republican ______:_-____ _ 3,509 Joseph B. Bistline, Democrat______1, 37G William S. Rice, Democrat______2, 054 Timothy M. Farrell, Democrat______.! ______1,331 . Representatives : Charles W. Fryar, Democrat______1,287 Charles D . Thomas, Republican ___ .:. ______:______3,376 Claud C. Smith, Socialist______145 Len IcGlll, Republican ______:______3·, 383 Dennis J. 0'1\iaboney, Socialist______143 ·Jacob L. Goodnight, Republican ______3,462 Robert George, Socialist______145 Wyckliffe R. Smith, Republican ______3,312 Elben Mounce, Democrat______2,248 BEAll LAKE COUNTY. Frank E. Fogg, Democrat______2,183 Senators: J. Shannon Hogue, DemoC!raL-----~------· -- 2,081 William L. Rich, Republican ______1,348 Daniel Green, Democrat______: ____ _ 2,197 E. F. · Guyon, Democrat______81 Kiney G. Osterhout, Socialist______397 William H. Ridd, Socialist______1 Victor H. Fitzgerald. Socialist ------392 Joseph 0. 1UcCart, Prohibitionist______1 William H. 'Buncy, Socialist______:__. ______392 Joseph C. Rich, Citizen------77R Joseph N. Hanks, Prohibitionist______158 Fmm T. D UBOIS, Independent______1 Edward Dowling. Prohibitionist______162 Representatives: Alveny Rickie,* Prohibitionist______.:.. ______156 James ~edman, Republican ______.:•------1,411 Clarence Talbott, Prohibitionist______161 John H. Grimmett, Republican_..:. ____ .: ______1, 407 Ira P. Holcomb, Independent______:______,.: _:.. ______4 Joseph McCart, Democrat------!=\~ B. Ii'. Fitzpatr·ic, Democrat_ ___. ______83 Senators: ONEIDA COUNTY. Christian Wallantine, · Citizen ____ .:______:______:_ 667 Henry Jones, Republican ______1,794 David L. Evans, Democrat______E.Fred F . L.Guyon, Crinkshank, Independent Citizen __ ------______------_ 704 1,435 1 Representatives: -- McMillen, Independent______1 Wilford Bennion, Republican ______1, 828 Denmark Jensen, Republican______: ______.:. 1, 811 BINGHAM COUNTY. George Foster, Republican ______:__: ___ _ 1,807 Senators: 1 Otis E. McCutcheon, Republican ______' Lewis Williams, Democrat------1,425 2,626 Stephen Callan, Democrat______1, 438 S. J. Rich, Democrat______744 John A. Kofoed, Democrat______1,342 Frank E. Wierman, Socialist______:______.:_ __ John G. Brown, American ______: ____. ______259 OWYHEE COUNTY. 1,049 Senators: D. Worth Clark, Independent------~----- 1 John Lamb, Republican------'- --·------~­ 020 Representatives : . Redmond J. Hanlon, DemocraL------­ 524 Peter G. Johnston, Republican ______2,686 Representatives: Robert M .• McCracken, Republican ______2,677 574 Chr·istian Anderson, Republican ______2,628 HarryMilton Avery,E. Reynolds, Republican--~------Democrat______. Ed. Holden, Democrat______544 W. W. Adamson, Democrat______700 SHOSHONE COUNTY. John C. Rusbton, Democrat______723 -Senators: Joseph Vance, Socialist______:______744 Alfred Page, Republican ______2,582 260 Charles Heim, Democrat______. ______2,:.!95 C. W. Nelson, SocialisL_·------270 John .W. Vincent, Socialist______John A. Modin, Socialist______294 496 Andrew Burkman, American ______Representatives : . _ . · . . 1, 044 Rufus J. Anderson, _Republican ______John W. Jones, American ______..:. ______:______1,074 2, 778 Ralph Edmunds, American ______Hugh France, Republican ______~ ------2,659 874 Adam Aulbach, Republican_.:. ______'------2, 8f>8 BLAINE COUNTY. Alexander D. McKinlay, Republican ______2,665 Leon 0. Whitsell, Democrat______:_.__ _ Senators: 2,228 Reginald F. Buller:. Republican ______1,092 Andrew M. Roberts, Democrat______2,217 James \V. Ballantrne, Democrat______Moses S. Sammons, Democrat______. ______974 2,048 Representatives: Admon R. Oxley, Democrat______: ______2,093 Thomas C. Stanford, Republican ______1,01!! John l\f. Hughs, Socialist______.:. ______463 Emil Krause, Socialist______James L. Baxter, Re1)ublican ______921 Charles H. Porter, Democrat______1, 004 Theodore Krugman, SocialisL------"------·---- George A. McLeod, Democrat______. ___ _: ____ ~ 1,193 Ludwig Kampf, Socialist______:gb44~ I WASHINGTON COUN;TY. BOISE COUNTY. Senators: I Senators: Leander W. Smith, Republican ______.:______:_ __ 1, 59!) F. V. Tinker, Republican______716 Thomas C. Galloway, Democrat______1, 247 L. R. Walters, Democrat______888 Fred A. Wilkie, SocialisL------217 Representatives : Representatives : . F. S. Logue, Republican______771 Lester P. Smith, Republican ______1,603 G. W. Barry, Democrat__.:______832 William McBratney, Republican ______1,G03 Archibald Hudelson, Democrat______CANYON COUNTY. 1, 211 Senators: C. Howard Denison, Democrat______1, 233 Arthur A. Richards, Republican ______2, 424 Festus Foster, Socialist______211 G. w. Lamson, Democrat______2, 271 Milam R. Morris, SocialisL------204 Frank Fouch, Socialist______· 2 4 James H. Egbert, Prohibitionist______157 'Abstract of votes cast tot· State senatot·s attd t·epresentatives at the Representatives:. . generat election held November 6, 1906. George F. Zimmerman, Republican ______2,362 Samuel Ballantyne, Hepublican ______2,397 ADA COUNTY. L. V. Patch. Republican ______2,34 C. W. Wh:m n, Democrat______Senators:John McMillan,. . Republican ______, _ 2,418 Fletcher H. Lovejoy, Socialist______3,~~ 2,377 2,401 Erwin W. Johnson, Citizen ______1,188 ~~i:n~e~e&~~:m~~~t~c~~~======Daniel D. Besse, Socialist______:_===== ____ _= 266 Homer G. Patterson, l'rohibition------.--­ 343" Gustave Schaifhausen, Socialist______260 FRED DUBOIS, IndependenL------~------3 268 1 J.Robert D. Bird, D. McKee,Prohibitionist_ ·socialisL------______1 130 fo·n:~Milton ~~~~~'Sebern, I¥~~~~~~~~~t======Independent ------1 CASSIA COUNTY. Representative : Senators: Chas. C. Cavanilh, Republican ______3,322 Geo. A. Day, Republican ______1, 489 Frank •.r. Wyman, Republican ______3,39;) John Janney, Democrat ______1,125 D. D. Shaw, Republican ______3,2!17 Sam T. Shell, Socialist______164 Arch Cunningham, Republican ______3,372 Representatives: Willard White, Republican ______3,323 Harry T. West, Republican ______1, 583 I. Wilson Wright, ocialisL------il34 Orville L. Beecher, Democrat______1, 016 Chas. hl. Abbott, Socialist______3J::i J. E. Barnhurst, Socialist______168 Clemson Underwood, SocialisL------'------344 33;:) CUSTER COUNTY. ~~b*~~J~·isC~ i~a~~l~iaJ~~tinllst::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3"'> Senators: Roland H. Robb, Prohibitionist______291 Chas. F. Baker, Republican ______361 Willia m A. Lawrence, Prohibitionist______287 Ravenel Macbeth, Democrat______~ ------_...: __ _ 724 Horatio A. Swartz, Prohibitionist______. 282 Representatives : Samuel B. Taylor, Prohibitionist______289 Leslie E. Dillingham, Republican ______347 ;Tames A. Casebeer, Prohibitionist------300 Nathan H. Clark, DemocraL------;------... 719 1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. - 345

ELMORE COUNTY. · Representatives: Senators: L. G. Bradley, Republican ______2,597 Henry 0. l\fanz, ·Republican ______588 . Wickliffe R. Smith, RepubHca.n ______2,605 Rotert D. Gorby, Democrat______525 Charles C. Miles, Republican ______2,615 Ralph W. Simpkins, Socialist______145 Seneber S. Brooks, Republican------2,624 Ole A. Anderson, Republican ______2,646 Representatives : Eben Mounce, Democ.rat______: ______William Pickrell, R epublican ------~------493 2,284 L. J. Weaver, Democrat______Ernest L. Parker, Democrat______2,257 '579 John J. Wood, Democrat______Henry Crab, SocialisL------166 2,295 Frank Gatl'ney, Democrat______2,233 FREMONT COUNTY. Nathaniel G. Looney, Democrat______2,18(J Nichalaous Jacobs, Socialist______SenatorJohns: W. Hart, Republican ______. _ 46(} 5,014 Alfred White, Socialist______------. 45:! C. H. Moon, American------~------401 Kinney Ousterhout, Socialist______.:. ______456 A. M. Slatery, Socialist_ ____· ------633 Representatives-Continued. Geo. S. Young, Citizen------3 John J. Senter, Socialist______: ______451 Fred T. Dubois, Independent:______3 Thomas l\1. l\Iarek, Socialist______.: ______452 Representatives : . . .James E. Fogg, Republican ______Clarence·E. Talbott, Prohi b itionisL---~------145 4,897 James L. Pearson, Prohibitionist______153 Eli l'II. Harris, Republican ______: ______4,717 Emory Smith, Prohibitionist______139 ·John D. Killpack, jr., Republican ______4,880 John C. Carlson, Prohibitionist______142 James W. Webster, Republican ______.,. ______:_ 4, 80.2 Joseph !. IIawks,_Prohi bitionist______: ____ ._ 142 336 re~:~eyl\I~i~~~~~-. cgi\~~~n======424 ONEIDA COUNTY. 598 Senators: ~~s~~h ~~~~i~;~· s~~f~t~~~==· ======653 Denmark- Jensen, Republican ______2, 004 C. H. Cammons, Socialist______582 Otto Gassman, Independent_ __ ·------1, 254 L. J . l\Iaurer, SocialisL------­ 25 Phillip J. Evens, Socialist______:______: ____ 99 A. C. Langley, American------482 William W. Evens, Independent______. 24 0. H. Olive,* American ______: ______45U Representatives : N. N. Burggraf, American ______456 Wilfred Bennion, Republican ______1, 845 G. Reimann, American ------466 L. D. Jones, Republican_~ ------1, 965 --- Hoggan, Independent______1 Lewis Williams, Democrat______.:.. ___ 1, 404 W. L. Flint, IndependenL------'------~------­ 8 Hugh S. Geddis, Democrat______1, 215 --- Goody, IndependenL------·------=--·------)_ David 0. Wilcox, Socialist______72 Alfred Ricks, Independent______6 S. L. Pierson, Socialist______...:______70 Geo. - Hjort, Independent ------~------1 W. T. Oliver, IndependenL------25 William Pettit, Independent______. ______-:______1 James S. Frew, Independent______24 Henry Fisher, Independent______'"" ____ .:. ___ _ l OWYHEE COUNTY. IDAHO COUNTY. Senators: Senators: Edwin Herriqgton, Republican ______.:.______476 Chas. H. Nugent, Republican ______1, 788 Arthur Pence, Democrat______516 · Geo. Simon, Democrat------1,734 Robert E. l\Iorrow, Socialist______99 Representatives: . . Representat ives : · Enoch W. Whitcomb, Republican ______""\" ______,______1, 712 John E. Keit!l, Republican______505 Fred G. Painter, Republican ______. __ 1, 67!-l Michael Downs, Democrat______.... ______: _ 487 William A. Jones, Republican ______1, 500 Nathania! G. Massey, Socialist______88 William S. 1\I. Williams, Democrat______1, 858 James Surridge, Democrat______1, 884 SHOSHONE COUNTY. -. 1 John A. Cassell, Democrat______1, 894 Senators: -Ewen Mcintosh, Republican ______2, 076 KOOTENAI COUNTY. Edward H. Moffitt, Democrat______.,. ____ .:. __ 1,. 805 Senators: -David C.-Caites, Socialist_ ____ .,c ____ :______-:------;------612 Ignatz Well, Republican ______2,889- Representatives: - · · · J. S. 1\IcClear, DemocraL------~ ------2,941 Albet·t H. Conner, Republican ______2, 219 William S. Sommers, Socialist______. __ _ 657 Thos. R. Jones, Republican ______2, 219 Hernam J. Rossi, .Republican ______.! ______. _..:: __ 2, 012 RepresentativesJ. P. Fallon, : Republican ______. ______2,967 Abner G . . Kerns, DemocraL------.-- · ~-- :. ______1, 879 • William L. Gleason, Republican ______:·______2,931 Hans 1\I. Thostenson, Democrat______1, 788 Jacob C. Finstad, Republican ______:....:._ 2,929 Chas. Heim, Democrat______1,..864 S. D. Taylor, Republican ______2,904 Peter 0. :5wanson, SocialisL _ _. ______._ ___ '-_____ :______-'-'- 524 W. B. Hagar, DemocraL------~------2, 8'15 Danl. C. Hudson, So~ialist______:_:_ ____ :_ __ '-._ __ :_·_.:.__ 515 'Arthur A. Darknell, Democrat______2,835 Geo. L. Cloud, Socialist______: ____ _:______.:.______506 Earl S. Prindle, Democrat______2,81-l: Chas. E. Riggs, Democrat______2,809 WASHINGTO~ COUNTY. Amos C. Smith, Socialist______673 Senators: . Jay Rand Sanborn, Socialist______.:. ______677 Lot L. Feltham, Republican ______1, 177 David E . Bigelow, Socialist______· 670 Edward A. Van Sicklin, Democrat______:______1, 630 Harry Atwater, SocialisL------,------670 J. H. Morrison, SocialisL------~------235 Representatives: . · LATAH COU}OITY. F. E. Brown, Republican ______1, 264 Senators: P. H . Miller, Republican ------~---- 1, 135 Warr~n Trui~t, Repub_lic~n--- · ------­ 2, 128 Albert L. Freehafet·, Democrat______1, 718 Tenms E. Miller, SoctahsL--~------218 Archibald B. Hudelson, Democrat______1, 518 J. C. Carrick, Prohibitionist______..; ______196 - Jerome J. Day, Citizen ______.:, ______S. A. Keithley, SocialisL-----. ------~------·--- 212 1, 737 H . H. Cossitt; SocialisL------:------216 Representatives: James J. Mulalley, Republican------2, 293 The Socialist vote would have elected the member in Canyon 1\Iartin J. Wessels, Republican ______2, 296 Benjamin J. Jones, Republican ______2, 161 County. 'l'here were two Democrati.c members elected out of John Anderson, Socialist______21!) four in Canyon County. It went twelve hundred Republican Nathew Miller, Socialist______216 two years ago, and, as I say, it is the place where Governor Robert I. Hutchison, Socialist______215 William M. Duthie, Prohibitionist______219 Steunenberg lived and died. They elected half of the Demo­ Colden B. Sanders, Prohibitionist______196 cratic legislative ticket there, and they beat the district judge Henry A. Morgan, Prohibitionist______224 who was sitting in this case. 0 1,565 There is nothing in the law-and-order case, except that a self­ ~~~~ef ~~tP~~t~~5ieil======1,466 Thos. H. Christie, Citizen------1,495 confessed murderer named Orchard testified, I think, that he stood with his rifle leveled on ex-Governor Steunenberg as ·he LEMHI COUNTY. Senators: sat by his window, surrounded by his family, during the Christ­ M. 1\I. McPherson, Republican______728 mas holidays. He did not shoot, because be feared the pane William C. Whitwell, Democrat______739 of glass might deflect the ball. He waited, and put dynamite Representatives: Alexander D. Guy, Republican______679 between the gateposts, knowing the habits of ex-Governor James L. Kirtley, jr., Democrat______767 Steunenbergl and as the ex-governor was going to his home at LINCOLN COUNTY. Christmas time, in the dusk of evening, he struck the string, the Senators : bomb exploded, and tore biin to pieces. The man who testified William Van Iorns, Republican ______810 592 to this says that three members of a great organization em- ~:n~:' thi~~~c~~ci~fl~to_c~-~~======: 169 ployed him to do it. · · Representatives: · Asa A. Abbott, Republican ______Tlle Idaho authorities had these men arrested in Colorado 727 and taken to Idaho. Friends of these men endeavored to get Hardy Sears, DemocraL------'------662 R. L. Cheney, Socialist______173 them out on a writ of habeas corpus. The courts of Idaho NEZ PERCES COUNTY. passed on the case, there being on the bench, among others, our Senators: candidate for governor, Chief Justice Stockslager. They denied Elmer Waldrip, Republican ______2, 614 l\Iarner D. Mills, Democrat______2, 318 the writ of habeas corpus. It came here to the Supreme Court John T. Lough, Socialist______434 of the United States. It was pending during our election. It Edwin F . Beaudreau, Prohibitionist______152 was decided only a few days ago in accordance with the decision 346 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. DECEMBER 13, ·

of tbe courts of Idaho. And out of that t~ey tried to make the tion, while the fruits of obedience through their counsels are pros­ perity, spiritual life, moral purity, advancement, contentment, and joy. Pre ident of the United States and others believe that there was Now, these are facts. These have been the fruits of "Mormonism" a law-and-order issue in Idaho, as if any citizen of Idaho does and the results of following the counsels of the church authol'ity. not want to see the murderers of ex-Governor Steunenberg exe­ Why, then, should any young man, or old either, when malicious false­ hood is burled recklessly at the devoted leaders, doubt their integrity cuted-Orchard· or the other men or anybody else. It was not or disregard their advice? Has not history proved the servants of the mentioned in the campaign by anyone, unless it was by Governor Lord to be honest, just, secure in the right, and their counsels safe Gooding, and then in a way designed not to alarm the labor guides through the way, ending in ultimate blessing? Just now there is· a tendency among some of the thoughtless young vote. men to join in or sympathize with the fight against the church au­ I will read a letter from 1\fr. Buchman, who was thrown into thority waged by the assassins of virtue, the supporters of vice and jail at Rexburg. It is from St. Anthony, Fremont County, riot, and wine and lewd women, gambling, robbery, and general cor­ ruption. It is a senseless tendency, and they who follow it will do Idaho, a Gentile town : so to their own destruction. Senato:c FRED T. DUBOIS, At the present time we are about to .make a choice' of some political . Washington, n: 0. leaders. It is scarcely necessary to say that a man who bas tile inter­ • • • • • • • est of himself and his people at heart will choose his friends. 'Ybo are Immediately after election a number of prominent 1\formons, umong our friends? Men who have kept informed on the trend of affairs in them 1\Ir. James Fogg, the bishop of this ward, called on the merchants the nation for the past two years or more may easily surmise. To vote of this place and demanded from them that I be dismissed from office any other way would be ungracious, against our own best interests and as chief of police because I went to Rexburg and challenged voters. would show a spirit of ungratefulness such as this people do not n'atur­ The majority of the merchants refused to take this action against me. ally possess. "Wberefore, by their fruits ye shall know them." Mr.---, the leading merchant here- JOSEPH F. SlliTII. ·Mr. Buchman gives his name, but I . will not mention it, be­ Here is a letter from one Musser. It is written by A. Milton cause the Mormons would drive him out of town. They would 1.\fusser, a lifelong devotee of the hierarchy, a polygamist, an em­ boycott this merchant if I read his name. So I will not give ployee in the Church Historian office. He would not ba ve dared his name: . to commit one sentence of this communication to the public 1Hr. ---, the leading merchant here (and one of them whom the print e-xcept by permission of the chief hierarch. Musser claims bishop had been to see demanding my d1scharge), came to me and to be a Democrat and is appealing to Mormon Democrats. offered to pay my salary to the end of my term in office, or six months, amounting to $450 cash, in full if I would hand in my resignation to the PLAIN FACTS ABOUT THE TWO GREAT POLITICAL PARTIES. city council. Mr. --- remarked that it was strictly a matter of To to hom it 1nost ooncet-ns : business with hlm, as they (the 1\Iormons) had threatened to boycott his store unless he used his efforts with other merchants to gain my President Theodore Roosevelt and his Administration are fair to discharge. . "Mormons" in common with all other citizens. Federal appoint­ I am a Republican, yet I have been appointed chief of police by two ments in this State were made in the face of violent opposition from Democratic as well as two Republican mayors, and I received the larg­ anti-" 1\Iormon" parties, the anti-" Mormon" party. The appoint­ est vote of any candidate on any ticket in my own precinct fot sheriff ments made by the President show that in such matters he listens this last eJection on the American ticket. exclusively to the Congressional delegation from the State. Respectfully, H. A. BUCHll..L"<. The proposition to put in its platform a plank reflecting adversel_y on the " Mormons " was rejected emphatically by the last Republican .Mr. Sam Rich, a leading Mormon of my county, who was run­ national convention-that of 1904, at Chicago-while the same- propo­ ning for the State senate, went into tlie Mormon counties and sition was accepted by the last Democratic national convention-that appealed to them to boycott everyone who was supporting the of 1904, at St. Louis-the anti-" Mormon" plank as presented by FRED T. DUBOIS at that time being- incorporated into the bemocratic American ticket. They said they would do it. Those are the national platform. conditions which confront our American citizens in that ection The Republican leaders in Congress, on the recommendation of Sena­ of the country, and the governor proclaims to men who cast tor REED S.uooT, struck out of the Arizona-New Mexico statehood law the amendment of Democratic Senator DUBOIS, which was intend£:d to votes 175 to nothing, as they did in many precincts, to see that disfranchise the " Mormons " in that State. · · they are not intimidated by a challenger; that if a challenger The Republican leaders in Congress, on the recommendation of Sena­ comes along to arrest him. tor GEORGE SUTHEBLAND, struck out of the new immigration law the clause placed there at the instigation of Democratic Senator DuBOIS, by You naturally wonder why we do not seek redress in the which " Mormon " immigrants were to be excluded from the United courts'. You.ca.n not get it in southeastern Idaho any more than States on the ground of belief in polygamy. you can get it in Utah. ~here 'is not a · beneficiary of the 1.\for­ The Republican party leaders prevented the consideration and pas­ sage by Congress this year-1906-of an amendment to the National mon political power tbat will not make some excuse and some Constitution framed by Democratic Senator DUBOIS and intendeed to apology for this state· of affairs, but not one of them will stand disfranchise the " Mormons" in the United States. for effective legislation. The minority report of the Senate Committee on Privileges and Elections, which report is a complete vindication of the "Mormon" In Utah there is a Republican-Mormon party and a Demo- people on the issues raised in the SMOOT case, is sio-ned e~clu lvely by . cratic-1.\formon party, both equally controlled by the Mormon Republicans, the signers being a.lllDng the strongest, brainie t; and hierarchy. The American party in Utah is composed of Gen­ most influential members of the United States Senate. The majority report of the Senate Committee on Privileges and Ellectjons in the tiles, both Republicans and Democrats, who are battling there, REED SMOOT case, which report is an assault upon the citizenship of unde,r the very shadow of this tremendous ecclesiastical power, all "Mormons," is signed by every Democratic member of that com­ for American citizenship, for the separation of church and mittee. This case became practically a party question, with the real force and strength of the Democratic party nationally lined up on state, and against the degradation of womanhood and borne. the side of depriving " Mormons " of their rights as citizens, while the It is n noble, magnificent contest they are making. '· real force and strength of the Republican party nationally is lined up They have abandoned all hope · of political preferment and on the side of maintaining the rights of "Mormons " as citizens. Demo­ cratic success in Utah means the stre_ngthening of the Democratic line.. suffer financially in their unequal struggle for American prin­ up against " Mormons," and the weakening-possibly the breaking up­ ciples. President Roosevelt throws the weight of his mighty · of the Republican line-up in defense of the rights of "Mormons" as influence against the Americans and for the Republican-M:or­ citizens. The Republican party, having control in the nation having the Na­ mons in Utah led by President Smith and Se;nator SMOOT. tional Administration, the United States Senate, and the House of Rep­ He demands in Utah an indorsement of Smith and SMooT. resentatives, has the power (and the inclination and coura~e to use it) The Mutual. Improvement Era is the organ of the Mutual Im­ to. protect "?4ormons" in their rights as citizens, wbicn power, if ahenated or duected into oth~r channels as advocated by Democratic provement Association of the Mormon Cburcb, and these asso­ leaders, would prove most disastrous to the " Mormon " people. ciations comprise practically all membership of the church rang­ The Democratic party in Idaho, being an integral part of the national ing between the years of 16 and 35. Joseph F. Smith is the Democratic party and therefore of necessity in accord with its general party policy, is o~enly and actively contending fot' the disfranchisement editor. Anything emanating from him in his capacity as editor of the " Mormon ' people, while the Republican party, and tber·efore of is considered to be the word of the Lord to the 1.\formons. His . necessity in accord with its general party Rolley, is openly and actively instruction through the Mutual Improvement Era is assumed by contending for equal rights to " Mormon ' citizens in the face of an extensive anti-" Mormon " prejudice. The most prominent feature of him and by all the zealots in his following to be the command­ the present political campaign in Idaho is the warfare which the Demo­ ment from the Most High. While be does not name the Re­ cratic · party is waging against the " Mormon " people and the fight publican ticket and the Republican organization as being the which the Republican party is putting up there on behalf of " Mor- mons" being protected in their rights as citizens. . spedal objects of his regard, such specific designation in words 'rhe Democratic party organ in Utah-the Salt Ln.ke IIerald-bas de­ i.. unnece sary, because his following is so tutored as to under­ clared in favor of the election of the Demo'cratic State ticket and Demo­ stand what be means, and every Republican priest who desired cratic Senator DUBOIS in Idaho; these are all pledged to the disfran­ chisement of the "Mormon" people. This is not surprising, since the to do so could utilize this article and place the intended interpre­ party organ must be with the general party policy, and the protest of tation upon it. Furthermore, it was ·ample notice to every any small section of that party that it does not agree with such policy Democratic priest to waive his partisanship and assist the Re- is not only futile, but is misleading. The Republican party in Utah, at its last State convention, gave a publican cau e. . . decided rebuke to efforts to inject into the State platform a criticism I will read an article of November 2, 1906, just before elec­ of " Mormons " exercising full political privileges, while the Democratic tion, signed by Joseph F . Smith : party in Utah, at its last State convention, committed itself to the vir­ tual disfranchisement of a portion of the " Mormon " people, by de­ [Improvement Era, November, 1906.] claring against " Mormons " who may hold church positions exercising At no time have the leaders of this people counseled evil, and it is their constitutional rights to the full privileges of citizenship. The true that where individuals have heeded the counsels of the church Democratic State platform there adopted applies a religious test to such persons have in the end succeeded best and have recognized the "MoriDDns_" for office in violation of the National Constitution and wisdom and justice of their counsels. The contrary course has uni­ gives direct encouragement to the fight of the Democracy in Idaho for versally ended in failure, often in spiritual death and moral degrada- the disfranchisement of "Mormons." •

1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 347 ·

So far as it has been able the Republican party nationally, by its In .Idaho the Republican party is allied with the Mormons. control of leg-islation in Congress, by its Chicago platform, and by the voice and action of all its strong Representatives on the United States The vote of the State is divided about as follows: Committee on Privileges and Elections, has declared in favor of the aiormonsRepublicans ______------,...-~---- _ 28,000 "Mot·mon" people retaining and exercising the full rights of citizens 17,000 in common with other people in this nation ; the Republican party in Democrats------~------18,000 Idaho, being an intearal part of the national Republican party, is iu Socialists ------5,000 accord therewith, and is now leading the fight for preset·ving the rights P~·ohibitionists------2,000 of the " l\Iormon " people ; the Republican party is in harmony there­ with, and is outspoken in upholding the rights of " Mormons " in com­ Total ______70,000 mon with those of all other citizens. On the other band, so far as it has been able, the Democratic party nationally, by its St. Louis con­ The Democratic party is making its fight in Idaho against the vention platform, by the unanimous \ote of its Senators on the Senate domination of the polygamous 1\lormon hierarchy in the politics Committee on Privileges and Elections, and by the efforts of its leaders of the State. in Congress to disfmncbise the "Mormons " in Arizona and New Mexico and to exclude " Mormons" from entering the United ·States as immi­ In southeastern Idaho, where the 1\Iormons are in absolute grants, has declared against the "Mormon" people; the Democracy control, there are American county tickets, the same as in Utah, in Idaho, being a pat·t of the national Democratic party and in accord composed of Republican and Democratic Gentiles. · If is an un- . thet·ewith, is leading the fight against the " Mormon " people ; the Democt·acy in Utah, an inseparable part of the national Democt·atic equal fight. The Mormons absolutely dominate the Republican party and in harmony therewith, so far as it has ventured to express party and ele~t its ticket. President Roosevelt sent Secretary itself, bas not dared to utter a word in protest against the attack of of ·war Taft to Idaho to aid the l\iormon nominee for governor the Democratic party elsewhere on the rights of the ":Mormon" people, but EO far as its utterances have gone these are in line of encouraging and to say to the Gentile Republicans of Idaho tilat tile Admin­ and abetting that attack on the "Mormons." istration desires the election of the Republican-Mormon ticket. "Will any " Mormon " who heretofore has voted the Democratic ticket do so again in the face of these- stubborn facts, which are so plain and ASSOCI.A.TED PRESS ACCOU::S"' OF TAFT GOING WEST. positive that no sane man can be blind thereto? Can any " Mormon " WASHINGTON, D. C., October Z2, 1906. who heretofore bas supported the Republican ticket be cajoled, threat­ ened. or beguiled into voting the Democratic ticket or any part thereof It was announced to-day that Secretary Taft would speak in Repre­ sentative WACHTER' s district in Baltimore next Friday ni~ht, and that at this time, in view of the hostile attitude of the Democratic party according to a programme arranged jointly by Representative SHERMAN, toward the " Mormon•" people? of the Congressional committee, Senator DICK,- of Ohio State commit­ It is an incontrovertible fact, already demonstrated well beyond the tee, and Representative BunTOX, of Cleveland, be will speak at Cleve­ possibility of doubt-no mattet· how much boasting, sputtering, protest­ land Satm·day, in Mr. BuRTOX's district, and at Lancaster and Logan, ing, and deception may be engaged in to the contrary-that so far as Ohio, on Monday next. the "Mormon" people are concemed the Democt·atic party has aban­ It has not yet been determined whether he will deliver an address in doned whatever high principles it once had and bas become the party Spea kei.' CANNON's district or at Omaha, but he will speak in Idaho in of intolerant, selfish, cru~l, relentless religious persecution, and is a violator of the Natioral Constitution in so far as that great charter of the interest of Governor Gooding on the subject of "law and order." human liberty guat·antees freedom to wors.hin God to all citizens, " Mor­ * * * * mons " or othet·wise, and to exercise the fuTl rights of citizenship now 'l'bis was October 22, 1906, and I immediately wired the Presi- enjoyed. And, further, the policy now being followed by the Demo­ dent the following: cratic party toward the "Mormon" people is a rank and inexcusable betrayal of every tt·ust reposed in the party by any "Mormon" who Press dispatches say you are sending Secretary Taft to ·Boise, ever voted a Democratic ticket. By its treachery to the " Mormon " Idaho, to speak for Governor Gooding, in behalf of l~w and order, voters, wllo have honored and trusted it so oft. the Democratic party and on account of the character of the campaign being made against merit· the enmity and execration of evet·y "Mo~:mon" and of eTery him. If this is true, you are entirely misinformed. No law and lover of human liberty, political or religious. order campaign is being waged in Idaho. Summed up. the facts show conclusively that the Republican party 'l'he sole issue is against the domination of the Mormon Church in throughout the whole nation is united in defending the rights of the our poll tics. Mormon people as cit izens. On the other hand, they also show that I assure you that you have been misinformed and that it will be the Democratic pat·ty throughout the whole nation, with perhaps the undl'rstood that Secretary Taft will be sent here to speak in behalf exception of the Democrats in Utah, is antagonistic to .and arrayed of Mormonism, as that is the sole iss.ue in the Idaho campaign. against the 1\formon people. In fact, there is no difference in that respect between the so-called "American " party and the Democratic The announcement that Secretary Taft was to come brought par·ty. Even in Utah, while the Democratic party has not declared for joy to the hearts of eYery polygamist in Utah and Idaho. It the wholesale disfranchisement of the Mormon people, it bas declared may not make any difference to the President of tb.e United practically for the disfranchisement of a certain class of Mormons. It can be shown conch;sively that not only is the Republican party Stutes, but it does to me, that every minister in Idaho, without stronger in this State than the Democratic party, but it is also stronger exception-Methodist, Presbyterian, Catholic, Episcopalian­ . in Salt Lake County, and consequently all good citizens, iLTespective supported our contention. Republican ministers everywhere ap­ of party, should vote the Republican ticket to ovet·tbrow the "Amer- ican " party. • peared on the platform and introduced me to the audiences. Conservative Democrats readily admit that tbet·e are very few of They are familiar with the conditions there, they know what their class teft in the Democratic ranks; they also admit that there they are, and every Christian minister-I defy them to name are now more Gentiles in the Republican party than in the Demo­ cratic party. a single exception in Idaho-supported the Democratic party in In the last city. election R. P. Morris, the Democratic nominee for their last campaign. It may not appeal to President Roose­ mayor, ran considerably ahead of the ticket, and received a large num­ yelt, but for me I would sooner have their support and that of ber of Republican votes. The Democratic councilmanic ticket was ahead of the Republican only about 412 votes. 'l'bis year it is a county the good women of this land in this fight for principle than election. About one-tbii·d of the •vote is outside of Salt Lake City. In to Ilave tb~ support of this polygamous hierarchy. the last county election, with the 'American" ticket in the field, Con­ One million and more petitions came here. to this Senate ask­ gressman HowELL had 1,616 votes in excess of 0. W. Powers. It is con­ ceded that the article appearing in the Deser·et 'ews the night before ing that the apostle Senator from Utah be denied his seat. Do election drove Gentile Republicans into the "American" ranks and you tilink those good women did not know what they were do­ "Mormon" Republicans into voting the Democratic ticket. The last ing? Who pass for you your child-labor laws, ·your juvenile­ election returns show that the Hepublican party, while in the county outside of the city, it is over· 1,600 votes ahead. court laws? Who look after your hospitals? Who keep pure I have been a life-long Democrat, but for the foregoing reasons I will tile home, the foundation on which this Republic can rest only not give further support to the political party which bas shown so w:itil security? Were it not for the good women of this land we much unjust discrimination and bitter enmity toward an unoliending and patriotic people. would wander far from the right. It is through their exertions A. MILT0:-1' MUSER. tilat all this legislation which makes us an enlightened na~ion . Tills is signed by A. Milton :Muser, and publisiled in the Inter­ comes to pass. They knew what they were doing. They have mountain Republican, a paper which is understood at any rate their missionaries in Utah and I daho and Wyoming and that to be the official organ of the s:enior Senator from Utah, and it part of the country all the time. They get reports from them would not have been publisiled, as I have stated, unless witil every montil. They know what are the conditions there, and tile advice and consent of Joseph F . Smith. they appeal to you to help the womanhood ·of the country and The following resolution, referred to by l\1r. Muser, was pre­ the childhood of the country. sented to the Republican State convention September 21, 1906: It may make no difference to President Roosevelt that be bas lost the respect and support of these great women organizations. Be it turtl!e1· resolt:ed, That the Republican party of the State of He may not care, because be bas this great political as et which Utah hereby declares and affirms that it is ·opposed to the union of church and state, and that it is unalterably opposed to any high can return six Senators and· soon can return ten to this body. ecclesiast of any denomination whatsoever seeking and asking for po­ I received tilis letter, which I will read, signed by Iligb officers litical preferment and benefit of civil office, or unduly interfering with of these great wome11 organizations of the country : politics while be is holding any high ecclesiastical or church position, and for the future, and in order to promote tranquillity, perfect equality, DEAR SIR: The women of the country recognize the right to re­ and the best possible progress of the State, the Republican party will ligious liberty, which is a fundamental principle of our Government, use its endeavors to enforce and maintain this principle. but they are fully justified in their ~laim that the Mormon hierarchy is a polygamous, commercial, and political organization that, because 'l'pat was offered by a young Mormon, and they immediately of its cloak of religion, received protection for its unlawful acts. asked him when be bad apostacized; bow long be bad been out 'l'he desire to secure the solid vote of the Mormons, which Joseph F . Smith can promise to whom he will, has caused the investigation into of tile clmrcll. Tiley did not even give the poor young Mormon REED SMOOT's right to a seat in the Senate to drag on for three years, the privilege of allowing the resolution to be voted on. They . because in that time Presidential and Congressional elections have simply smothered it out with ridicule. been held. It has been a bitter sorrow and disappointment to the women to learn that the terrible conditions r evealed in Utah and ad­ Tilat' was the sihmtion of affairs in Utah and in Idaho, as I joining States sink into insignificance when a political party needs the have tried to convey it. Mormon vote. Has the t ime come when the great Repubfican party, 348 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER 13,

·the par.ty of moral issues., the party formed to . free the country of KONGO FREE ST.ATE. polygamy and: the union of· church and state, will condone these offenses and support those who· are responsible for theJII? Mr. LODGE. I ask that the pamphlet which I send to the 1.'he investigation has proved to any unbiased individual that to-day desk may be printed as a Senate document. It is the report of in Utah, Idaho, and other States there exists in intensified degree a condition of pol'ygai!ly and union of church and state which, when the debate in the Belgian House of Representatives in regard to Utah was a Territory, caused the President and the Congress to- con­ the Kongo, and contains a great many very interesting matters. · fiscate the property of the Mormon Church and deprive them of the franchise. • The VICE-PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Massa.chu· Leaders of the women's national organizations have traveled exten­ setts desire to have it referre6.? sively through Utall, Idaho, O_regon, and Washington during the last Mr. LODGE. Oh, no-; I desire merely to have it printed as a year, and have heard the claim of the Mormon leaders that President document. Roosevelt is their friend. And in the last election in Utah a lerter was written by Elder A. Milton Musser, historian of the Mormon The VICE-PRESIDENT. Without objection, it is so ordm·ed. Church, printed and distributed to every Mormon v'oter, citing instances to prove the friendshi-p and support of the Republican. party for the - EXECUTIVE SESSION. Mormons- and ordeuing them to vote the Republican ticket ; also the in­ .1\fr. LODGE. I move that the -Senate proceed to the consid· closed advi<;:e from President -Joseph F •. Smith as to how Mormons eration of executive business. should vote. · Last May representatives of women's organizations, numbering in The motion was agreed. to; and the Senate proceeded to the their constituency 10,000,000 women, met at the New Willard, in Wash­ consideration of executive business. After twenty-five minutes ington, and unanimously adopted resolutions urging the Senate Com­ spent in executive session the doors were reopened, and (at 4 mittee on Privileges and· Elections to report on the Smoot case before the closing of the session. They also called on ·the President at the o'dock p. m.) the Senate adjourned, the adjournment being White House and placed in his hands a copy of the resolution, assuring until Monday, December 17-. 1906, at 12 o'clock meridian. him that the women of the country, realizing his interest in the sanc­ tity of the home, believed he woul aid in destroying this enemy of the home, the wife, and the mother. NO:i\HNATIONS. Women in Utah and in Idaho who were standing for the protection of their homes, for the. protection of their children, and for the freedom Executive nominations 1·eceivea by the Senate December 18, from the weight and. thr~dom of this un-American power, were, with 1906. the women of the nation., dismayed when., by the order of the Chief Execu­ SECRETARY OF THE T.REASUR~. tive, Secretary Taft visited Idaho just previous to the election in sup­ port of the Republican party, which is dominated in these States by the George B. Cortelyou, of New York, now Postmaster-General, Mormon hierm:chy .. to be Secretary of the Treasury, to take effect March 4, 1fl07, The majority of the women enlisted in this battle for the honor of' womanhood, for the legitimacy of childhood, and for freedom, purity vice Leslie .M. Shaw. · and honor, have been -lifelong. Republicans, and it- is witl1 tile grief and SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR. shame that a mother feels when. a loved child gees wrong that the women of the nation note the attitude of those from whom they had James Rudolph Garfield, of Ohio, now· Commissioner of Cor· expeeted help and guidance, but who have wandered far from the prin­ porations in the Department of Commerce and Labor, to be ciples of Lincoln and Grant in condoning the crimes of the Mormon hierarchy and upholding one of its highest ·officials as a Senator of the Secretary of the Interior, to take effect 1\Iarch 4, 1907, vice United States. Ethan A.. Hitchcock. All honor to the brave men who have placed vrinciple above party, POSTMASTER-GENERAL. and who by either vote or influence have refnsed to perpetuate the greatest crime of the century. . George v. L. l\Ieyer, of Massachusetts, now ambassador ex· To them and to God the· people must look for relief from the terrible traordinary and plenipotentiary to Russia, to be Postmaster· wrongs to womanhood, to childhood, and to the moral tone of the whole community, which would fill volumes if they were printed. General, to take effect l\Iarch 4, 1907, vice George B. Cortelyou, EXECUTIVE BOARD, nominated to be Secretary of the Treasury. Leagr£e. of Women's National Organizations. SURVEYOR 9F CUSTOMS. Mrs. FREDERIC SCHOO.F, Chairman_ Mrs. l.'tliRGARET DYE ELLIS, Sem·etary. Benjamin H. Barrows, of Nebraska, to be surveyor of customs· PHILADELPHIA, PA.., December 10, 1906. for the port of Omaha, in the State of Nebraska. (Reappoint­ I appeal to you, brother Senators, as representatives of Amer­ ment.) ican States, to aid us in the continuation. of the struggle for UNITED STATES ATTORNEY. American. institutions in these States of the American Union. Lock 1\IcDaniel-, of Texas, to be United .States attorney for The burden, the hardship~ falls on UE! who live amidst these con­ the southern district of Texas, C'ommencing January 16, 1007, ditions, as it always has and always must. We ask you not to in the place of Marcus C. McLemore, resigned, to take effect allow the apostle Senator fi:om ·utah to retain a seat in this at the close of January 15, 19S7. great body of lawmakers for an enlightened nation. Should you CIRCUIT COURT J1JDGE. do so and thus vote your appro.val of Mormonism and your con­ John T. De Bolt, of Hawaii, to be first judge of the circuit demnation of our efforts, you will make the· fight the harder foP court of the first circuit of the Territory of Hawaii. A reap­ us and for them. We think we are entitled to your earnest poiJ?-tment, his term expiring January 13, 1907. support.. If you will not give this, we demand as our right that the President of the United States cease allowing the power of UNIT.ED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE. his great name and office-to be invoked and made use ·of against Thomas Ives Chatfield, of New York, to be United States dis­ our efforts. . trict judge for the· eastern district of New York, commencing Mormon domination and American Commonwealths can not· January 1, 1907, in the place of Edward B. Thomas, whose res­ exist together undeL' our system of government. One or the ignation will take effect at the close of December 31, 1906. other must be destroyed. The American States will survive in MEMBERS , MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION. om· mountain country. and no President or party, however, great or powerful, can make them long continue subservient to priestly Lieut. Col. William T. Rossell, Corps of Engineers, United rule: States Army, for appointment as member of the Mississippi In 'closing, I warn the Repu.Dlican party not to reenact the River Commission, provided for· by the act of Congress ap­ darkest page of its history when they undertook to place the proved June 28, 1879,. entitled "An act to provide for the negro in control in the South. It has resulted in a solid white appointment of a ' Mississippi River Commission ' for the im­ South against you. If you attempt to put in control of the rwovement of said river from the Head of the Passes near its American citizenship of the Rocky Mountain States this l\Ior­ mouth to its headwaters," to- which office he was appointed mon hierarchy you ·will find your support narrowed in the fu­ during the last recess of the Senate, vice Lieut. Col. James. L. ture to the folfowers of the l\Iormon hierarchy. [Manifestations Lusk, Corps of Engineers, United States Army, relieved. of applause. in the galleries.l Maj_. James G. "·arren,. Corps of Engineers, United States Army,. for appointment as member of the Mississippi River EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY BILL. Commission provided for by the act of Congress approved June During the delivery of Mr. DUBois's speech, 28, 1879, entitled "An act to provide for the appointment of a The VICE-PRESIDENT. The hour of 2 o'clock having ar­ 'Mississippi River Oollllil,i.ssion' for the improvement of said ri\ed, the Ohair lays before tile Senate the unfinished business, river from the Head of- the Passes near its mouth to ns head­ which will be stated by the Secretary. . waters," to which office he was ap_painted during the last recess · The SECRETARY. A bill ( S. 5133) to promote the safety of of the Senate, vice Maj. Thomas L. Oasey, Corps of Engineers,. employees and travelers upon railroads by limiting the hours of liTuited States. Army, relieved. · service of employees thereon. PROMOTIONS IN THE MM1;". Mr. LA FOLLETI'E. 1\fr. President, I ask unanimous con:­ sent that the· unfinished business be temporarily laid n.sirle. CORPS OF ENGINEERS. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Senator from Wisconsin asks To be fir·st z{eute-nants. unanimous consent that the unfinished business be temporarily Second Lieut. Roger D. Black, Corps of Engineers, from Sep­ laid aside:- Is there objection.! The Ohair he:.u·s none. It fs tember 17, 1906, vice Wigmore, promoted. so ordered. The- Senator- from Idaho will proceed. Second Lieut. Theodore H. Dillon,. Corps of Engineers, from After .the conclusion of 1\fr. DUBOis's speech, September 26, 1906, vice Putnam, promoted. . 1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE . 349

ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT. James W. Patterson, To be colonel. James G.' Littig, William G. McEwan, Lieut. Col. Daniel M. Taylor, Ordnance Department, from William H. Platt, and . November 12, 1906, vice Pitman, retired from active service. George C. Drinen. . To be lieu.tenant-colonel. Col. Robert L. Meade, of the 1\farine Corps, to be a brigadier­ ·Maj. Charles H . Clark, Ordnance Department, from Novem- ·general on the retired list of officers of the Marine Corps, from ber 12, 1906, vice Taylor, promoted. . the 29th day of June, 1906, in accordance ·with a provision con­ To be 1najo1'. tained in t?e naval appropriation act approved on that date. . Capt. Kenneth Morton, Ordnance Department, from Novem­ PROMOTION IN THE NAVY• ber 12! 1906, vice G::lark, promoted. Midshipman Francis J. Cleary to be an ensign in the Navy CAVALRY ARM. from the 3d day of February, 1905, in accordance with the pro­ To be majo1·s. \isions of ~ act of Congress approved June 30, 1906. Capt. Guy Carleton, Thirteenth Cavalry, from October 2, 1906, POSTMASTERS. vice Edwards, Fourth Cavalry promoted. . CALIFORNIA. Capt. Thomas B. Dugan, Twelfth Cavalry, from October 28, John W. 1\Iagee to be postmaster at Chico, in the county of 1906. vice Willcox, Fourth Cavalry, retired from active service. Butte and State.of California, in place of JQhn W. Magee. In­ ARTILLERY CORPS. cumbent's commission expired May 19, 1906. · Stanley Morehead to be postmaster at San Rafael, in the To be captain. county of Marin and State of California, in place of William First Lieut. Louis S. Chappelear, Artillery Corps, from No­ N. Anderson. Incumbent's commission expired March 18, 190G. vember 26, 1906, vice Fariar, detailed as quartermaster. Walter Mundell to be postmaster at ·Sawtelle, in the county To be first Z·ieutenant. of Los Angeles and State of California, in place of Walter H. Second Lieut. William E. Murray, Artillery Corps, from No­ 1\fetcalf, resigned. . vember 26, 1906, vice Chappelear, promoted. COLORADO. R. Lincoln Pence to be postma ter at Ault, in the county of INFANTRY ARM. Weld and State of Colorado. Office· became PresiQ.entiaJ Octo­ To be colonel. ber 1, 1906. Lieut. Col. Edwin B. Bolton, Tenth Infantry, from December L'DIANA. 2, 1906, vice :1\facklin, Fourth Infantry, retired from active John Sharp to be postmaster at Frankton, in the county of service. . Madison and State of Indiana, in place of Howard C. Daugh­ To be lieutenant-colonel. erty. Incumbent's commission expires December 20, 1906. Maj. IIenry B. Moon, Tenth Infantry, from December 2, 1906, IOWA. vice Bolton, Tenth Infanh·y, promoted. LeRoy E. Cox to be pDstmas~er at Belle Plaine, in the county To be majo1·s. of Benton and State of Io,-va, in place of Le Roy E. Cox. In- cumbent's commission expired December 9, 1906. . Capt. Benjamin W. Atkinson, Sixth Infantry, from October Gustavus F. Peek to be postmaster at Algona, in the county 20, 1906, vice Rogers, Fourtb Infa!1b'Y, promoted. of Kussuth and State of Iowa, in place of Gustavus F. Peel,;:. Capt. Benjamin 1\L _Purssell, detailed paymaster, from ·October Incumbent's commission expired December 9-, 1906. 30, 1006, vice Young, Eighteenth Infantry, promoted. Cbarles H. Smith to be postmaster at Marshalltown, in the Capt. Fielder M. M. Beall, Third Infanh·y, from October 31, county of :Marshall and State of Iowa, in place of John Q. Saint. 1906, vice Bullard, TwentY-eighth Infantry, promoted. Incumbent's commission expired June 30, 1906. .. . Capt. Maury Nichols, Third Infantry, from December 2, 190G, vice Moon, Tenth Infantry, promoted.· KAXSA.S. . Jennie R. Reed to be postmaster at Almena; in the county of . .To be captains. Norton and State of Kansa.s. Office bec.'\me Presidential _Oc­ First Lieut. Robert E. Frith, Twenty-ninth Infantry, from tober 1, 1906 . . July 28, 1906, vice Davis, Seventeenth Infantry, detailed as UAJ~"E .. · quartermaster. · Joshua W. Black to be postmaster at Searsport, in the county First Lieut. Samuel T . .Ansell, Eleventh Infantry, from Au­ of ;waldo and State of l\Iaine. Office became Presidential Oc~ gust 7, 1906, vice Walker, Eighth Infantry, retired from active tober 1, 1906. service. Lewis C. Flagg to be' postmaster at Berwick, in the county Of First Lieut. Robert H. Peck, Twenty-fourth Infimtl'Y, from York and State of 1\faine, in place of Lewis C. Flagg. InClun· August 7, 1906, vice Perkins, Eighth Infantry, p"romoted. bent's ,commission expires December 15, 1906. First Lieut. Halsey E. Yates, Fifth Infantry, from August 15, :UICUIGA X. 1906, vice Ely, 'l'wenty-ninth Infantry, · detailed as paymaster. EYerett N. C!a1:k to be postmaster at Wyandotte, in the­ First Lieut. Clement A. Trott, Fifth Infantry, from August 20, county of Wayne and State of Michigan, in place of Everett N. 1906, vice Burnham, Ninth Infantry, promoted. Clark. Incumbent's commission expires December 15, 1906. First Lieut. Wilson B. Burtt, Fifth Infantry, from September Orrin .T. Hoover to be postmaster at Chelsea, in the county of 11, 1906, vice Arrasmith, Eighteenth Infantry, promoted. Washtenaw and State. of Michigan, in place of Orrin T. Hoover. First Lieut. Walter S. Brown, Tenth Infantry, from Septem: Incumbent's commission. expires December 15, 1906. ber 12, 1906, vice Gl-idden, Twenty-fifth Infantry, resigned. · Milo N. Johnson to be postmaster at Northville, in the county Under the provisions of an act of Congress approved April 23, of Wayne and State of Michigan, in place of Milo N. Johnson. 1904, I nominate Col. James E. Macklin, United States Army, Incumbent's commission expired December 10, 1906. retired, to be placed on the retired list of the Army, with the Charles H. Pulver to be postmaster at Dundee, in the county rank of brigadier-general from December 2, 1906. of Monroe and State of Michigan, in place of Charles H. Pulver. Under the provisions of an act of Congress approved April 23, Incumbent's commission expired December 10, 1006. 1904, I nominate Col. George P. Borden, Twenty-fourth Infanh·y, to be placed on the retired list of the Army, with the rank of 1\"EBP.ASKA. brigadier-general from the date on which he shall be retired 0. K. Paddock to be postmaster at South Omaha; in the county from active service. of Douglas and State of Nebraska, in place of Frederick J." I nominate the following-named officers on the retired list of Etter, deceased. the Navy to be advanced from the 29th day of June, 1906, to the Alfred II. Thomas to be postmaster at Trenton, in the county rank and retired pay of one grade above that actually held by of Hitchcock and· State of Nebraska. Office became Presiden· them at the time of their retirement, as indicated, in accordance tial October 1, 1906. with a provision · contained in the naval appropriation act ap­ 1\'EW YORK. proved June 29, 1906. Frank B. Barnard to be postmaster at Dunkirk, in the county of Chautauqua and State of New York, in place of Frank B. Assistant enginee1·s 1.vith the rank of lieutenant (junior grade) Barnard. Incumbent's commission expired December 9, 1900. to be passed assistant engineers with the 'rank of lieutenant Adolph Bluestone to be postmaster at Canaseraga, in the (junim· grade) on the 1·eti1·ea list. county of Allegany and State of New York, in place of Adolph Henry D. Sellman, . Bluestone. Incumbent's commission expired :Qecember 9, 1906. Alexander H. Price, Samuel R. Riley_to be postmaster at Broru..'Yille, in the county Joseph S: Greene, of 'Vestchester and State of New York, in place of Anna V. -T. Daniel A. Sawyer,· Smith, resigned. 35U CONGRESSIONAL JlECORD-SENAT~. DECEl\iBER 13;

Frederick R. Smith to be postmaster at Norwood, in the DEPUTY AUDITOR FOR THE INTERIOR DEPARTMENT. county of St. Lawrence and State of New York, ·in place of James B. Belt, of Maryland, to be Deputy Auditor for the Frederick R. Smith. Incumbent's commission expires Decem­ Interior Department. ber 20, 1906. Selah -H. Van Duzer·to be postmaster at Horseheads, in the CHIEF OF BUREAU OF YARDS AND DOCKS. county of .Chemung arid State of New York, in place of Selah Civil Engineer Harry II. Rousseau, United States Navy, to be H. Van Duzer. Incumbent's commission expires December 20; Chief of the Bureau of Yards and Docks, in the Department of ·1906. the Navy, with the rank of rear-admiral, from the 5th day of Edward Williams to be postmaster at Granville, in the January, 1907. county of Washington and State of New York, in place of John REGISTERS OF LAND OFFICES. G. Williams. Incumbent's commission expires February 16, James J. Donovan, of Michigan, to be register of the land 1907. office at Marquette, Mich. PE X~SYLV .A..:."'f Sweetwater and State of 'Vyoming, in place of Willis F. Commander Albert Mertz to be a captain in the Navy from Hoadley, resigned. • the 2d day of November, 1906. Lieut. James F. Carter to be a lieutenant-commander in the CONFIRMATIONS.' Navy from the 2d day of Jun·e, 1906. . Ea:eciLtive nomi1zations confirmed by the Senate December 13, Lieut. David Van H. Allen to be a lieutenant-commander . in 1906. . the Navy from the lOth day of October, 1906. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSIONER. Asst. Surg. Winfield S. Pugh to be a passed assi~tant surgeon ·in the Navy from the 23d day of September, 1906, upon the Jolm Avery· Mcilhenny, of Louisiana, to be a Civil Service completion of three years' service in his present grade. _ Commissioner. The following-named assistant surgeons to be passed assistant COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY. surgeons in the Navy from the 12th day of October, 1906, upon William B: ·Ridgely, of Illinois, to ~e Comptroller of the Cur- the completion of three ,years' service in their present grade: rency. Elwin C. Taylor. I "TERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSIONERS. Franklin E. Campbell. Edgar E. Clark, of Iowa, to be an Interstate Commerce Com- James E. Gill. mi sioner for the term ending December 31, 1912. · Isaac S. K. Reeves. Judson C. Clements, of Georgia, to be ~n Interstate Commerce PROMOTIONS IN THE MARINE CORPS. Commissioner for the term of seven years from January 1, 1907. The following-named officers on the retired list of the Marine James S. Harlan, of Illinois, to be an Interstate Commerce C01;ps to be advanced from the 29th day of June, 1906, to the Commissioner for the term ending December 31, 19p. . rank and retired pay of one grade above that actually held by MARSHAL. them at the time of their retirement, as indicated, in accordance . Eugene L. Lewis, of Ohio, who was appointed during the last with a provision contained in the naval appropriation act ap­ recess of the Senate, to be United States marshal for the south­ proved June 29, 1906 : ern district of Ohio. Col. William S. Muse, United States Marine Corps, to be a ASSISTANT APPRAISER OF MERCHANDISE. bl'igadier-general on the retired list of the Marine Corps. Charles R. Skinher, of New York, to _be assistant appraiser of Majs. Augustus S. Nicholson and Erastus R. Robinson, United merchandise .in the district of New York, in the State of New States Marine Corps, to be lieutenant-colonels on the retired list York. of the Marine Corps. CONSULS. Capts. Frederick H. Corrie, Frank D. Webster, and Archibald ~. Taylor, lJnited States Marine Corps, to be J;Dajors on the re­ Hilary S. Brunot, of Pennsylvania, lately consul of class 8 at tired list of the Marine Corps. St. Etienne, to be consul of the United States of class 8 at Jeres Second Lieut. Edward R. Miller, United States Marine Corps, de Ja Frontera, Spain. to be a first lieutenant on the retired list of the Marine Corps. William H. Hunt, of New York, lately consul of class 8 at Tamatave, to be consul of the United States of class 8 at St. POSTMASTERS. ·Etienne, E'rance. . ARKANSAS. Felix S. S. Johnson, of New Jersey, lately consul of class 8 at Edward Hall to be postmaster at Stuttgart, in the county of · Puerto Cortes, to be consul of the United States of class 8 at Arkansas and State of Arkansas. Bergen, Norway. COLORADO. Augustus G. Seyfert, of Pennsylvania, lately consul of class Wesley A. Martin to be postmaster at 1\Iancos, in the county 8 at Matamoros, to be consul of the United States of class 8 of Montezuma and State of Colorado. at Collingwood, Ontario, Canada. Daniel W. Stone to be postmaster at Trinidad, in the county of Las Animas and State of Colorado. ASSISTANT COLLECTOR OF CUSTOMS. CONNECTICUT. Frank F. Patterson, of New Jersey, to be assistant collector Frank 1\I. Buckland to be postmaster at West Hartford, in the of customs for the port of -Camden, N. J., in the district of c-ounty of Hartford and State of Connecticut. Philadelphia, in the State of P ennsylvania. James Graham to be postmaster at Taftville, in the county of ASSISTA T TREASURER OF TilE UNITED STATES. New London and State of Connecticut. Clarence C. Pusey, of Maryland, to be assistant treasurer Bradlev S. Keith to be postmaster at Norwalk. in the couPty of the United States at Baltimore, Md. of Fairfield nnd Stute of Connecticut. 19'06 . . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 351

Charles W. lllun inger to · be postmaster at Coscob, in the MICHrG.A.N. cOlmty of Fairfield and State of Connecticut. James W. Bedell to be postmaster at Wakefield, in the county ll'LORrDA. of Gogebic and State of Michigan. Louis C. Lynch to be postmaster at Gainesville, in the county Marg.aret Duncan to- be postmaster at Au Sable, in tlle county of Alachua and State of Florida. of Iosco and State of Michigan. ' Josephus C. Mustard to be postmaster at Scottville, in the IDAHO. county of Mason and State of Michigan. Julia Conners to be postmaster at l\Iullan, in the county of C. Guy Perry to be postmaster at Lowell, in the county of Sho bone and State of Idaho. Kent and State of Michigan. Fred Evans to be postmaster at Burke, in the county of Sho­ Leonard M. Sellers to be postmaster at Cedar Springs, in the shone and State of Idaho. county of Kent and Stato. of Michigan. W. II. Greenbow to be postmaster at Twin Falls, in the county of Cassia and State of Idaho. MIN~'"ESOT..A.. William D. Hale to be postmaster at Minneapolis, in the ILLI~OIS . county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota. 0 . James Burton to be postmaster at Dahlgren, in the county Frank H. Kratka to be postmaster at Thlef River Falls, in of Hamilton and! State of Illinois. the county of Red Lake and State of Minnesota. in James S. Courtright to be postmaster at Normal, the A. 0. Lea to be postmaster at New Richland, in the corrnty of county of :McLean and State of Illinois. Charl€.8 S. Randolph to be pvstmaster at Ipava, in the county Waseca and State of Minnesota. of Fulton and State of Ulinois. MISSOURI • • Andrew J . Seibert to be postmaster at Ste. Genevieve, in the I~DIANL county of Ste. G~nevieve and State· of Missouri. John c: Fudge to be postmaster at Dunkirk, in the county of Jay and State of Indiana. . l:'."EBTIASKA • William. H . Gostlin to be postmaster at Hammond, in the .Frank McCartney to be postmaster at Nebraska G.ity, in the county of Lake and State of Indiana. county of Otoe and State of Nebraska. · Orner Guyton to be postmaster at Cambridge City, in the William A. Price to be postmaster at Laurel', in the courify of coimty of Wayne and State of Indiana. Cedar and State of Nebraska. Winfield S. Keith to be postmaster at Bicknell, in the county Edward B. Richardson to be postmaster at Ulysses, in the of Knox: and State of Indiana. · county of Butler and State of Nebraska. Andrew l\Iorrissey to be postmaster · at Notre Dame, in the. NEW YORK. county of St. Josepll and State of Indiana. George D: Genung to be pqstmaster at Waverly, in the county William E. Netherton to be postmaster at Winamac, in tlle of Tioga and State of New York.

ER~'EST "M. PoLLARD for the period intervening between March 4, 1905, the beginning of the Fifty-ninth Congress, and July 18, 1905, the date heartily with me, as far as the subject-matter is concerned thnt of his election thereto ; and · . it ought to be pa sed, and I ask for its immediate consider~tion. Whereas Mr. . PoLLARD's legal right to receive pay for this period bas l\fr. HENRY of Texas. I . would like to ask the gentleman a been questioned and his action in accepting it bas been se:verely criti- · clsed by certain parties ; and question. As I caught the reading of the re olution it applies Whereas section 51 of the Revised Statutes of the United States, only to manufacturers of lumber. Now, I think it should read under which payment was made, has never been construed by the courts so as to cover the wholesale and retail dealers also, and if in the in-a case exactly like this: Therefore, be it . , first case it does not include theni it should be amended so as Resolt:ed by tlte House of Representatives, That this whole matter be t•eferred to the Judiciary Committee of the House with instructions to to include wholesale and retail dealers as well as manufacturers. investigate the legal questions involved. and report its conclusions to Mr. MILLER. In my judgment, Mr. Speaker, the whole field this House before the termination of the present Congress. wlll be covered by the language of this resolution. · Mr. POLLARD. Mr. Speaker, I move the adoption of the Mr. HENRY of Texas. I would. like to have the resolution resolution. read again. . The question was taken ; and the resolution was agreed to. Mr. MILLER. It is the question_of the high price of lumber through all the stages of its production, and it is sufficiently INVESTIGATION OF PRICES OF LUMBER. broad to cover that entire question. Mr. MILLER. Mr. Speaker, I desire to call up resolution No. Mr. HENRY of Texas. I do not believe that the language is 652, and ask unanimous consent for that privilege. broad enough to cover the wholesalers and retailers. · The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kansas asks unani­ Mr. MILLER. I want to say to the gentleman that this r o­ mous consent for the present consideration of the resolution, lution was Feferred -by the Judiciary Committee to the Depart­ which the Clerk will report. ment of Commerce and Labor for its views upon the subject, and The Clerk read as follows : · tltey have reported back to that committee. Resolution No. G52. Mr. HE~'RY of Texas. Has the gentleman any objection to ResoZI;ed, That the Secretary of Commerce and Labor be, and is amending the resolution? hereby, requested to investigate the cause of the high prices of lumber · Mr. MILLER. I would have no ·objection to that· no. But In the various stages of manufacture, and the said investigation shall I think it is sufficiently broad to include all dealers in' lumber. be conducted with the particular object of ascertaining whether or not these high prices have resulted in whole or in part from any contract, Mr. HENRY of Texas. I ask that for this rea on, that many agreement, or combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or con­ of the mill owners state that the price of lumber has not IJeen spiracy in restraint of commerce among the several States and Terri­ rai ed by the:m, but that it has been raised entirely by the whole­ tories or with foreign countries; also whether the said prices have been manipulated in whole or in part by any corporation,- foint stock ~ale · dealer and the retail dealer. If they are the guilty ones, company, or corporate combination engaged in commerce among the .we ought to amend the resolution. I ask that the resolution be several States or with foreign nations, and if so, to investigate the read again. . OI'ganization, capitalization, profits, conduct and management of the business of such corporations, companies, or corporate combinations, l\lr. 1\fONDELL. Will tbe gentleman from Kansas [Mr. MIL­ and make early report of his findings according to law. LER] yield for an inquiry? To carry out and give effect to the provisions of the resolution the Mr. :MILLER. Yes. Secretary shall have power to issue subprenas, administer 9aths, ex­ amine ·witnesses, require the production of books and papers, and re­ l\fr. 1\lONDELL. Will the gentleman have any objection to ceive depositions taken before any proper officers in any State in the amending his resolution so as to a certain whether -or no the United States. present high price of lumber is due in any degree to the pre. ent The SPEAKER. The Chair understands this is a request to very high prices that the Government is demanding for stump­ discharge the Committee on the Judiciary from the further con­ age of its timber on the forest reserves? sidei·ation of the resolution and to consider it in the House at Mr. MILLER. I will answer that question, l\lr. ·speaker, and this time. Is there objection? · I will say again that in my judgment the resolution is broad l\fr: DE ARl\fO:ND. Whaf' resolution is that? enough to cover that whole question. The SPEAKER. The resolution• which has just been read. Mr. GILBERT and l\fr. HEPBURN rose. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair he.ars none. The SPEAKER. To whom does the gentleman from Kansas Mr. BAR'l'IJEITT. Mr. Speaker, may I ask the gentleman a 0\fr. MILLER) yield? question? I do not object to the consideration of the resolu­ Mr. MILLER. To the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. HEPBURN]. tion. Mr. HEPBURN. Mr. Speaker, I want to call the attention The SPEAKER. The Chair understands there is no objec­ of the gentleman to the fact that his resolution only refers to tion to the consideration. Does the gentleman yield for a the manufacture of lumber in' its various stages; that it will question? have no application whatever to the dealer, either wholesale or Mr. MILLER. I do. retail, after it leaves the manufacturers hands, and it-is the Mr. BARTLETT. I desire to know what provision is made contention on the part of dealers, at least, that the high price in the resolution to- pay the expenses of this investigation, or of lumber is owing to combinations among the manufacturers, whether there is a fund provided by law for the Secretary of while they in turn say that it results from these combinations Commerce and Labor to pay the expense of having this investi­ . among the dealers. Now, it seems to me the resolution ought gation made? In other words, it would be useless to pass a to be modified. This resolution was sent to the Committee on re olution directing the investigation to be made, witnesses to the Judiciary. I suppose that they failed to report it because be summoned, and testimony taken if money is not provided for they recognized the fact that it· was not a subject properly be­ it. I did not bear read any provision in the resolution provid­ fore them. If it had been sent to the proper committee, it ing money for the investigation. would have been reported upon long ago and in proper shape. Mr. MILLER. Mr. Speaker, in answer to the gentleman's Mr. MILLER. Mr. Speaker, in answer to the gentleman from question, if I get it correctly, there is no question about the Iowa I desire to state that the Committee on the Judiciary has fund to carry out this investigation, and the House, I think, is not reported this resolution for the reason that they have not exceedingly anxious that an investigation of this kind should been able to hold a meeting of that committee for the purpose be made, at least the country is, and we are exceedingly of considering this question, and I am informed now by a mem- . anxious to get it. passed just as soon as possible so that this ber of that committee, the chail;man of it, that the probabilities investigation may be commenced. are they will not have another meeting until after the holidays. Mr. BARTLETT. If the gentleman will permit me to say, That is why I asked this morning for unanimous con ent to I do not object to it. I am as much in favor of an investiga­ call up this resolution. tion as anyone, and I hope the resolution will be passed. The Mr. HENRY of Texas. 1\Ir. Speaker, I ask that the resolution gentleman misunderstands me. He thinks I . am opposing the be read. resolution and I am not. I am merely suggesting to the gen­ Mr. MILLER. Will the Clerk read the resolution? tleman that in undertaking to provide for the investigation The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Kansas [l\Ir. there ought to be means provided for the purpose of doing it MILLER] wish the resolution to be read in his time? completely. You remember the President returned a like reso- Mr. PAYNE. I hope the gentleman from Kansas will let the . lution in respect to the oil investigation and the coal investiga­ resolution be read in his time. tion to the House with the suggestion they had not provided Mr. MILLER. I would like to have the resolution read. funds for the purpose of carrying on the investigation, and if The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the resolution the this resolution needs such an amendment providing for a fund second time. I hink the gentleman ought to provide for it, and for one I The resolution was again read. will vote for it. l\fr. HENRY of Texas. Now, if the gentleman will yield a Mr. MILLER. As far as the question of money for the pur­ minute, I want to suggest that we add, after the words "various pose of carrying out the investigation is concerned, if they have stages of manufacture," the words "purch~se and sale," an

gentleman from Illinois [Mr. MANN], I think perhaps I owe Members, and Delegates of the_ House of Representatives-, the the House an explanation. I would like to can the attention Vice-President and Senators, and members of the Cabinet. of the gentleman from Illinois to the fact that this resolution The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the -reqUest. was introduced into the House on the lOth of this month. Im­ The Clerk read as follows: ' mediately upon .its being received by the Committee on the Ju­ I ask unanimous· consent that an amendment or amendments may be diciary I sent a copy of the. resolution to the Department of considered and be in order to the bill making appropriations for the leg· Commerce and Labor, with a letter. I have not yet bad a reply islative, executive, and judicial expenses of the ·Govemment (H. R. to that communication, but just a few moments ago the ·gentle­ 21574) in the Committee of the Whole, increasing the compensation ot the Speaker, Members, and Delegates of the House of Representatives, man from Kansas [Mr. MILLER] submitted to me a letter ad­ the Vice-President, Senators, and members of the Cabinet. dressed to myself from the Department of Commerce and Labor with reference to this subject. Now, the gentleman will see The SPEAKER. Is there objection? . from my statement f:Jlat it bas been absolutely impossible for l\1r. GILBERT. Would it be in order to add to that resolution the Committee on the Judiciary to consider this resolution. We "and clerks in the Departmehts?" If that is in order, I move did not feel like taking it up until we had beard from the De­ that as an amendment. partment of Commerce and Labor. r will now ask the Clerk Mr. LITTAUER.- I could not now accept such an amendment to read in my time the letter from the Department of Commerce It is an entirely different field of service and bas very broad and Labor which was banded to me by the gentleman from bearings, differing widely from those conce1:ned in this request Kansas and which I send to the desk. for unanimous consent. The· Clerk read as follows-: · The SPEAKER. Is there objeCtion? 1\Ir. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I object. - DEPART::UE.NT OF COUMERCE A...·'m LABOR, BUREAU OF CORPORATIQKS, l\fr. LITTAUER. I trust the gentleman from Alnbama will Washington, December 18,1906. withhold his objection to this request for unanimous' consent in Hon . .JOHN .J. JE~KINS, · order that it may be considered in Committee of the Whole, so Chail'fnan Judi ciary Conunittee, House of Representatives, · Washington., D. C. tltat we may ·get an expression of the Comrri.ittee of the Whole DP.AR Srn: By telephone convers!ltion with Congressman MILI.ER yes­ on the subje~t. The request fol· unanimous consent will pre­ terday I understand that both he and you desiJ:e expression of opinion clude a point of order being made in the committee against the from this BuTeau upon House resolution No. 652, December 10, 1906, consideration of a subject which bas received general approval requesting investigation of the lumber industry by the Secretary of Com­ merce and Labor. outside of Congress as well as in it. In reply thereto allow me to make a suggestion that lines 3,. 4, 5, 6, 1\Il·. UNDERWOOD: That is my very pi·oposition. If this and 7, on page 2, beginning with the words " to carry out" and ending was a proposition that it should be considered in the House, it with the words "United States," be stricken out entirely, for the reason that the organic act of this Department now gives the Commissioner of would be another matter. If the gentleman will ask unanimous Corporations power to issue such subpoonas, administer oaths,- etc., as consent to consider the proposition in the House and the House set forth in the said five lines. There is, therefore, no need to give wishes to consider it, while I am against the proposition, l this power in the said resolution. Furthermore, the said powers in the organic act and the results of the exercise thereof have been carefully would not object to that defined by "the act defining immunity of witnesses," etc., approved .June 1\fr. LITTAUER.. Tbis is an ·appropriation and would neces­ 30 1906 with the purpose of clearly determining all questions of im­ sarily have to go to the Commjttee of the Whole. mtinity which might arise under the powers given the Commissioner. Should the said lines referred to remain in the said resolution it is Mr. UNDERWOOD. No; I do not look upon it as a proposi­ obvious that furth~uestions might arise on this question of immunity. tion to appropriate money ; I look upon it as a change of exist­ ' Very respec ly, HERBERT KNox Sur±H. ing law, so far as that is concerned. · Deputy Commissioner. Mr. LITTAUER. Which, in effect, requires an appropriation 1\Ir. MILLER. 1\Ir. Speaker, I call for a vote on the resolu­ of 1noney. · tion. l\1r. 1\IA.NN. Would not the gentleman agree to an amendment The SPEAKER. The question is on· the .amendment offered giving consideration in the House, and if the-amendment should by the gentleman from Kansas. be adopted to the bill, that that amendment would be consid­ Tile question was taken; and the amendment was agreed to. ered separately in the House? The resolution as amended was agreed to. 1\Ir. LITr.rAUER. I not only agree to that; but-- On motion ·of 1\Ir. 1\fiLLER, a motion to reconsider the vote by The SPEAKER.. The Ch.air will suggest to the gentleman from New York that it is quite competent for the House by which the ~esolution was agreed to was laid on the table. unanimous consent, if it desires so to do, after this bill is re- TEMPORARY WITHDRAWAL OF CERTAIN COAL LANDS. -ported from the Committee of the Whole House, to agree at this Mr. l\IONDELL. l\Ir. Speaker, I present for consideration a time that the matter about which the gentleman asks unRUi­ p~:ivileged resolution. - . mous consent shall be considered in the House as an amendment The Clerk read as follows : to the bill, if it be reported from the Committee of the Whole Resolution No. 643. House. Resolved, That the Sec1·etary of the Interior be, and he is -hereby, re­ 1\Ir. UNDERWOOD. Now, 1\Ir. Speakel~, I will say to the quested to transmit to the- House of Representatives a full and com­ gentleman from New York that so far as I am concerned, if he plete description of all public lands which have been withdrawn or re· served from entry, filing, or selection since the 1st. day. of July, 1906,. desires to make his request that this matter may be considered, together with a report as to the reasons for the sru.d Withdrawals and while I am opposed to the matter and intend to vote against it, .reservations, and as to ~he character of. the same, an~ the present I am perfectly willing that the llou e should consider it in the status of the lands relatlve to entry, filmg, and sel~ction under the land laws· also a tabulated statement of the areas. wtthdl'awn for va­ House ; and if he will make his request thn.t this matter shall riouS' purposes in each public·land State and the total areas withdl'awn be considered in the House after the House comes out of the in each State and in all of the public-land States. Committee of the Whole on this bill,. and will state that be will The amendments recommended by the committee were read, as allow a reasonable time fo~: debate on the question, I shall not follows: object. · After the word " State," where it first appears in line 11, insert the TlJe SPEAKER. The gentle,man modifies his objection. words "and Territory· " in line 11 strike out the words "in each State Mr. LITTAUER. I modify my request to include the condi­ and·" :md at the end' of the bill add the words "and Territories," and as a.inended that it do pass. tion stated by the gentleman from Alabama. Mr. .MONDELL. I ask that the amendments be agreed to. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The The question was taken ; and the amendments were agreed to. Chair bears none. The resolution as amended was agreed to. The question was then taken on the motion to go into Com­ mittee of the Whole. LEGISLATIVE, &"'rnCUTIVE, AND JUDICIAL APPROI:RIATION BILL. The motion was agreed to ; and the House accordingly re­ Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House resolve solved itself into Committee of the Whole House on the state of -itself into Committee of the Whole House on the state of the the Union, Mr. HEPBURN in the chair. Union for the further consideration of the bill H. R. 21574, be­ The CHAIRMAN. The House is in Committee of the Whole ing the bill providing for the legislative, executive, and judicial H

. 356 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECEMBER 13,

Thereupon you propose by law to com:r;>el him to do that which 1\fr. TAWNEY. I have no doubt that the Secretary will com- • he • ays is impossible. · ply, and an Secretaries will comply with this provision here­ 1\lr. TAWNEY. It has not been impossible in the past. It after "to the best of their ability, and that is. all we expect I lias been the uniform custom for a great many ·years for the do not think Congress ought to be put in the position of being Secretary of the Treasury to submit an estimate· of revenue . left to depend upon the whim of any future· Secretary of the for the coming fiscal year, and the present Secretary himself Treasm·y us to whether be shall give information as to what the submitted an estimate in the annual report preceding his annual revenues of the Government will be for the next fiscal year. report for the fiscal year 1906. Certain it is he can give a reasonably accurate estimate with Mr. 1\I.A.NN. He says now that those estimates are value­ the information the Treasury Department bas at its hand and less. its facilities for obtaining information. Mr. TAWNEY. They have served as a guide, and it is very lrr MANN. The gentle.ma...lJ assumes here is a matter of important to the general public and to Congress to know interesting information that must be obtained from the Secre­ whether or not-- tary of the Treasury, information that the Secretary has here­ 1\lr. 1\I.A.NN. I would not dispute the word of the eminent tofore afforded, and that the Secretary has now refused to give chairman of the Committee on Appropriations, although I have that information, and thereupon the gentleman stops. never noticed that Congress paid much attention to that esti­ Mr. TAWNEY. No, I do not. mate in making appropriations. 1\Ir. 1\IANN. We ought to know from the Secretary of the 1\Ir. TAWN""EY. The gentleman from Illinois can not cite us Treasury why he has declin-ed to give. this information. to an instance when Congress deliberately appropriated beyond Mr. TAWNEY. There is nothing further to do in re pect to the estimated revenue. The gentleman must also know that in obtaining that information but to put a provision in here the preparation of appropriation bills Congress must neces­ requiring the Treasury Department, as a matter of law, to sub- sarily have information as to the probable revenues of the mittt . Government for the fiscal year for which it makes appropri­ 1\lr. MANN. I think the gentleman ought to · ask the Secre­ ations. tary of the Treasury why he declined to give the information. Now, to what Department of the Government can Congress Mr. BRICK. He did. . look for that information if not to the Treasury Department? 1\lr. TAWNEY. I can submit the letter to the gentleman That Department controls all the machinery for the collection from Illinois. of revenue. It is in touch with the revenues of the Govern­ 1\lr. MANN. I take the gentleman's word for it. ment and is charged with the execution of the revenue laws. Mr. BRICK. The gentleman stated that the Secretary did · Certainly if it is not possible for the Treasury Department to not give the information because it would be a mere gues3. give it, .it would be impossible for any other Department to l\1r. BUTLER of Pennsylvania. Who disputes his e::\.rplana­ furnish it. The estimate submitted at the last session is an tion? estimate that the chairman himself made, showing a surplus of 1\fr. 1\IAl~. If that be the truth, that this is a mere guess, $40,000,000, and is the only official estimate of revenue for this then it ought not to be enacted into law. · fiscal year Congress or the country has had. There is no for­ 1\Ir. BONYNGE. The chairman does not agree with him that eign government that does not submit to the legislative depart:­ this is a mere gue s. ment its estimate of the reyenues, and upon these esqmates the Mr. TAWNEY. It is not necessarily a mere guess. It bas not appropriations are based. .been so in the past, and I do not think it will be so in the future. Mr. BUTLER of Pennsylvania. Why does the Secretary of l\1r. l\.IANN. Does- the chairman think this is necessary? the Treasury decline to give this information? l\!r. TAWl\"'"EY. I do. Mr. TAWNEY. Well, the only answer we received was that . 'l'he CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will read. it would be a mere guess. That is the language, as I now recall. Ur. MANN. The Clerk will not read until we-di-spose of the 1\fr. BUTLER of Pennsylvania. Does the gentleman disagree point of order. with the Secretary of the Treasury upon the matter? The CHAIRMAN. - The Chair did not understand the gen.. 1\Ir. TAWNEY. I do.· tleman bad made any point of order. · 1\lr. BUTLER of Pennsylyania. Will this impose additional Mr. l\1A1~"'N. I re erved it, but I now withdraw the point. labor on the Government? The Clerk read as follows : Mr. TAWNEY. Not at all. Office of assistant treasurer at Chicago: For assistant trea.surer, Mr. BUTLER of Pennsylyania. Will it cost the Government $5,000 ; cashier, $3,000; vault clerk, 1,800; payin"' teller, $1,800 ; anything at all? assorting teller, $1,800; silver and redemption teller, and change teller at $1,800 each; receiving teller, $1,700; clerk, $1,600; bookkeeyer, $1,86 0; 1\Ir. TAWNEY. Nothing at all. two bookkeepers, at $1,500 each;. assistant paying teller, ::;1,500; four Mr. 1\IANN. That is what I want to know about coin, coupon, and currency clerks, at $1,500 each ; · twenty-six clerks, Mr. T.A WNEY. The Secretary is guessing upon the revenues at 1,200 each; one detective and hall man, $1,100; messen!;"er. 840; stenographer, $900; janitor, $600; and tliree watchmen, at $720 each; of the current year from day to day. We are now told by the in all, $69,400. Treasury: Department that the surplus during this fiscal year .will amount to in the neighborhood of $55,000,000 or $60,000,000. Mr. l\!Al\TN. I move to strike out the last word. I have The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Illinois called the attention of the committee upon several occ~sions to has expired. the discrepancy in the salaries paid in the offices of the assistant Mr. 1\IANN. I ask unanimous consent for five minutes more. treasurers. Chicago, which does the largest business in volume There was no objection. outside of New York City-and possibly in the number of trans~ ~Mr. 1\IANN. What the gentleman says is so patent, appar­ actions almost as large a business as New York City, becanse ently, that it seems to me that before enacting legislation along Chicago bas an immense field from the Post-Office Department, these lines to compel a public servant to do this thitl.g which which makes daily remittances, much larger than New York he bas been doing in. the past, but which he now refuses to do, Oity...... :..Chlcago is discriminated against even in this bill. that we ought to know from him why be bas refused. In Boston there are four employees in the subtreasury receiv: 1\Ir. TAWNEY. I did say why be bas refused. ing salaries of $2,000 and upward. In P"biladelphia there are Mr. 1\IANN. Would the gentleman tell us why? three, in St. Louis there are two, In New Orleans there are three, 1\Ir. TAWNEY. I said he refused because he considered his in San Francisco there are six; while in Chicago there is but estunate a mere gues& one. 1\lr. 1\IANN. He refuSed to give the gentleman the informa- In addition to that fact, the responsibility which some of these tion in response to a private letter? · tellers assume is very great. During the last year or two in Chi­ Mr. TAWNEY. No; it was not a private letter, it was an cago, when a new assistant treasurer was appointed, one or two official letter. of the tellers, who had taken in money theretofore passed and l\Ir. MANN. The gentleman stated he addressed it accepted by the Government in the form in which it was, uutler 1\Ir. TAWNEY. I addressed him as chairman of the Commit­ the rules and regulations of the Treasury Department, had coin tee on Appropriations. thrown back upon them to the extent of seYeral hundred dollars 1\Ir. l\IANN. He was not required by law or custom to do so. each. These gentlemen receive the munificent salary of seven­ Mr. TAWNEY. He was required by custom to submit esti­ teen or eighteen hundred dollars a year. Now, I wish to ask mates of the revenues; and I maintain that a fair construction the gentleman if he is not willing to make some increases in this of his duties as defined by law requires him to do so. As to why office? If there ever was a time when we could make an in­ it was not done this year I do not know. I do not say this or crease, it is now. If there ever was a time when it was needed, propose this provision in any spirit of criticism or as any reflec­ it is now. With the exception of the one increase that is pro­ tion upon the Secr€tary. posed in the bill and two increases which were made two or three 1\fr. MANN. I do not care whether you are marring a reflec- years ago, there has been no increase in the salaries of these tion or not. employees for many, many years. · 1906. .CONGR .ESSION AL RECORD- HOUSE. 357

l\lr. BINGHAM. I submit to the gentleman that there has Mr. BINGHAM. Tbe committee ha\e endeavored to 'do sub­ been no intentional discrimination against Chicago. stantial justice. Mr. MANN. No; I understand that. Mr. MANN. l\fr·. Chairman, I suppose there is no arguing 1\lr. BINGllAJ\L ·So far as the Chicago office is concerned, I with the gentleman,. but I move to amend by striking _out, in line ·have no doubt the gentleman approve of the increase of $500 11, page 65, the words " one thousand eight hundred " and which we ha\e given. There is no doubt that Chicago is the inserting in lieu thereof the words "two thousand." second subtreasury-next to New York; but during the past ten The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will report the amendment. year there bas been a large increase in the force of the Chicago The Clerk read as follows : office; perhaps larger than in any other subtreasury in the Page 65, line 11, strike out "one thousand eight hundred" and insert country. "two thousand." l\1r. MANN. An increase in the force and in the business,· but 1\fr. BINGHAM. I make the point of order against that. not in the compensation of individuals. The CHAIRMAN. What is the point of order? 1\fr. BINGHAl\f. An occasional increase in compensation and Mr. BINGHAM. I make the point of order that it changes a large increase in the force, and there has never been, if I existing law. The authorization of the law is $1,800. remember, what might be called a serious complaint. Alf the The CHAIRMAN. Has the gentleman the statute before subtreasurers asked increases, and there was no special insist­ him-the present law? ence with regard to this subtreasury; and your committee felt Mr. BINGHAl\I. The present appropriation law governs the that as- the force was ample for the work and that they have proposition. · been receiving a reasonable compensation, with the one excep­ The CHAffiMAN. Can the gentleman from Jllinois state tion which we increased and whkh we called an exception, it whether the statute fixes the salary at $2,000? Will the gen­ was fair to continue the office under its present ratings and tleman from Illinois cite the statute, if such a statute exists? allowances. · 1\Ir. 1\IANN. Mr. Chairman, there is no statute fixing the Mr. l\1ANN. If the gentleman will pardon me, he says there salary of any of these officer , except the current appropriation bas been no insistence before the committee. The subtreasurer act. in Chicago is forbidden, and the officials of the subtreasury there The CII.AIRl\IAN. Then the Chair would ask the gentleman are forbidden, to appear before your committee, and they are what was the amount carried in the last appropriation bill? forbidden to appeal to Members of Congress. Mr. MANN. I have no doubt the gentleman is correct As 1\fr. BINGHAM. That is true. I understand, the gentleman from Pennsylvania states that it l\Ir. MANN. They are forbidden to do anything, and there is was _the same amvunt that is in this bill-$1,800. nothing that can be done except a recommendation through the The CHAIRMAN. Then the point of order is sustained. De11artment. I take it that that recommendation was made to l\Ir. MANN. hlr. Chairman, before the Chair finally rules, your committee. may I call the attention of the Chair to the fact that under the l\fr. BINGHAM. In a general way, yes, just as the Depart­ ruling of the Chair last year the whole item is probably sub­ ment makes many recommendations, but your committee reached ject to a point of order, because, as I tmderstand, the ruling of the conclusion, after hearing Mr. Keep, who went into the mat­ the Cl.Jair last year was that where there was no authority of ter with considerable detail, as the gentleman knows if be bas .law for an office the item was subject to a point of order. If read the hearings-- th~ item in the original instance in this case was subject to a l\Ir. 1\IANN. I have ne\er seen the bearings on that subject, point of order, changing· the amount is not subject to a point so I do not know. But I know this,· if I may say so to the of order. · gentleman-! know there bas been a mo t insistent demand on The CHAIRUAN. The Chair understands that this item the part of the retiring assistant treasurer and upon the part was appropriated for in the identical language of the last ap­ of the one who has recently been appointed that these salaries propriation bill. If that is so, then the point of order is sus­ be inc:reased, this recommendation having been made after in­ tained. vestigation, and I know they have not been able to obtain and 1\.fr. l\fANN. The ruling lnst year by the gentleman in retain good employees in some of these places. There have been the chair at that time was, that although the current appropri­ a number of changes. ation act appropriated for certain clerks at a certain salary, The CHAIRMAN. The time· of the gentleman from Illinois that did not warrant the same item being included in the bill has expired. then pending unless it was authorized by statute. That was the Mr. l\1ANN. I move to shike out the last two words. ruling last year, resulting in the throwing out of a great num­ 1\fr. BINGHAM: I have made all the explanation that it is ber of these officers, clerks, and salarie , to such an extent that possible to make. I think it is a fair explanation. The work is the committee were compelled to appeal to the Committee on being done well. l'here may be some reasonable critici m a.s to Rules 1 which brought in a special rule giving the right to the too compensations, b.ut your committee· reached the conclusion consideration of these items in the bill. If that ruling was that the conditions at the independent h·easuries might remain right last year, this item in tile original instance was subject as they were, with the little change made in Chicago, without to a point of order. I know there has been a lot of holding, any injury to the public service. and I think the Chair can find authority to hold any way the Mr. MANN. I assure the gentleman that it is injuring the Chair desires on this matter. public service in Chicago. They have u row on now, growing Tile CHAIRMAN. In view of that suggestion, the Chair out of having the~e very clerks held responsible for the accept­ will adhere ·to his ruling. [Laughter.] ance of this coin. There has been a row between the Treasury Department and the retiring subh·easurer in reference to that. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE.. 1\fr. BINGHAM. That is in litigation. The committee informally rose; and Mr. SHERMAN having Mr. MAl~N. Oh, no, it is not, and we will never submit to taken the chair as Speaker pro tempore, a message from the its going that far; but the Go\ernment is requiring a very n.n­ Senate, by l\Ir. PLATT, one of its clerks, announced that the Sen­ just thing on the part of the subtreasurer, for the reason that ate had passed bill of the following title, in :which tfie concur­ these employees were not able out of their· salaries to replace rence of the House of Representatives was requested: the coin which they had on hand, but which the Government S. 6855. An act to amend the act appro¥ed August 19, 1890, would not accept as current funds. entitled "An act to adopt regulations for preventing collisions Mr. BINGHAM. Tbe gentleman sees that that would open at se1).." up a question of which we could not take cognizance, unless LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE, AND JUDICIAL APPROPBI.A.TIOX BJLL. the gentleman sees proper to offer independent legislation as The committee resumed its session. to the responsibility whenever in the operation of any financial The Clerk read as fol1ows: institution such a question as this should arise. WAn DEPARTMEXT. Mr. MAN~. If we hold a clerk responsible for such things, Office of the Secretary : For compensation of the Secretary of War, after the com llas once been accepted by the Government, I $8,000; Assistant Secretary, 4,500; chief cleric, 3,000; private se;!­ retary to the Secretary, $2,500; clerk to the Secretary, 2,000; stenog­ want to see the clerk paid salary enough so that we may rapher to the Secretary, . 1,800 ; clerk to the Assistant Secretary, properly hold him responsible. But why should the teller in $2,100; clerk to the chief clerk, $2,100; disbursing clerk, $2,500; ap­ Chicago recei\e a salary of $1,800, and tellers in Boston, Phila­ pointment clerk, $2,000 ; four chiefs of division, at $2,000 each ; su­ perintendent of buildings outside of State, War, and Navy Department delphia, St. Louis, and San Francisco, doing not one-tenth of the building, in addition to compensation as chief of division, 250; chief business, receive salaries of $2,000, $2,200, or $2,500? telegrapher, $1,800 ; fom· clerks of class 4 ; four clerks of class 3 ; 1\fr. BINGHAM. Oh, yes; tl.Jey do more than the gentleman fourteen clerks of class 2 ; eighteen clerks of class 1 ; five clerks, at $1,000 each; one clerk, $900; one clerk, at $720; one foreman, $1,.200 ; says, because Philadelphia comes ·next to Chicago in the amount c:arpenter, $1,000; chief messenger, $1,000; two carpenters, at $900 of business. each; six messengers; seven assistant messengers; . one telephone Mr. MANN. I do not mean to say that all of these places do switchboard operator ; one assistant telephone switchboard operator ; two messenger boys, at $360 each ; engineer, $900 ; assistant engineer, not do one-tenth of the b"!Jsiness. ~720 ; one fireman ; four watchmen; five watchmen, at $660 fach i. 358 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. . D ECEl\iBER 13; eight laborers; two laborers, at $470 each; hostler, $600; twe hostlers it shall conclude at the end of 1907. Gentlemen understand and one watchman, at $540 each ; one telephone operator, $480 ; two elevator conductors, one at $600 and one at $470; fou1· charwomen; how reluctantly I do this, because I am a soldier myself. , in all, 138.G20. l\Ir. CRUMPACKER. l\Ir. Chairman, the situation is that the Mr. BINGH.AU. l\lr. Chairman, I offer ~he following amend- law originally provided for the appointment of what is called ment. · the " permanent board of appeals," consisting of twelve mem­ The Clerk read as follows : bers. Later on there was legislation increasing that member­ ship by authorizing twenty temporaries, and that provision was On page 81, line 3, strike out the words " six hundred and twenty " and insert in lieu thereof "five hundred and sixty." carried on from year to year, and last year the current appro­ priation bill provided for sixteen members only of the temporary The amendment was agreed to. members of the board, and provided that at the end of the fi cal The Clerk read as follows : year their employment should cease. Now, the committee has DEPA.RT:\IE!{T OF THE J!{TERIOR. reported an appropriation for three of that sixteen, and that is Office of the Secretary : For compensation of the Secretary of the In­ a part of the bill, and no point of order was made again t it, terior, $8,000 i First Assistant Secretary, 4,500, and for additional com­ pensation whtle the office is held by the present incumbent, $1,500; so that it is in the bill, but it is new legislation. 'J'he commit­ Assistant Secretary, $4,500 ; chief clerk $2,500, and $500 additional as tee now reports an appropriation for three member-s of a tem­ superintendent of the Patent Otfice building1 and other buildings of the vorary board of appeals for which there is no law. The effect Department of the Interior ; additional to one member of Board of Pen­ sion Appeals, acting as chief of the board, $500 ; twelve members ot a of the proposed amendment is to increase -tile number fTom Board of Pension Appeals, to be appointed by the Secretary ot the In­ three to sixteen.. I assume that where the committee brings in terior, at $2,000 each, including three members to be selected by the legislation that is subject to a point of ·order, if no point be Secretary of the Interior from the sixteen additional members of the Board ot Pension Appeals appropriated . for and employed during the made the provision is amendable. fiscal year 1907; three additional members ot said Board of Pension l\fr. BINGH.Al\f. That ' original provision was subject to a Appeals, to be appointed by the Secretary ot the Interior and to be se­ point of order. lected from the force of the Pension Office, at $2,000 each ; special land inspector, connected with the administration of the public-land service, l\Ir. SHERMAN. Yes; and it is amendable. to be appointed by the Secretary of the Interior and to be subject to his Ur. · CRUMP.ACKER. If an amendment is in order to . in­ direction, $2,500 ; five special inspectors, Department of the Interior, to erease the number to four, it certainly is in order to increase it be appointed by the Secretary of the Interior and to be subject to his direction, at $2,500 each; clerk in charge of documents, $2,100; custo­ to sixteen. That is the situation of this question as it is now dian, who shall give bond in such sum as the Secretary of the Interior presented. may determine, :ji2,100 ; seven clerks, chiefs ot division, at $2,250 each, l\Ir. LITTAUER. · Will the gentleman allow me to ask him a one of whom shall be disbursing clerk ; tour clerks, at $2,000 each ; private secretary to the Secretary of the Interior, $2,500 ; sixteen clerks question? of class 4 ; sixteen clerks of class 3 ; twenty-five clerks ot class 2 ; thirty­ l\Ir. CRUMPACKER. Yes. six clerks of class 1, two of whom shall be stenographers or typewriters ; l\fr. LITTAUER. If it be in order to ·increase the number returns office clerk, $1,200: female clerk, to be designated by the Presi­ dent, to sign land patents, $1,200; six clerks, at. $1,000 each; one clerk, from three to sixteen, is it in order to increase it to sixteen $900 ; twelve copyists ; two copyists or typewriters, at $900 each ; with the various additions added to the amendment? switchboard telephone operator; nine messengers ; seven assistant mes­ sengers; eighteen laborers; two skUled mechanics, one at $900 and one l\Ir. CRUl\IP.ACKER. Those provisions are pure limitations. at 720; two carpenters, at $900 each; plumber, $900; electrician, We may increase tile force with limitations, providing how $1,000; one laborer, $600; six laborers, at $480 each; one packer, $660; the additional members silall be paid and Ilow they shall be two conductors of elevator, at $720 each; four charwomen; captain of tile watch, $1,200; forty watchmen; additional to two watchmen acting appointed. I think those provisions are proper limitations. as lieutenants of watchmen, at $120 each; engineer, $1,200; assistant Now, I insist, since the committee has made provision for three engineer, $1,000 ; seven firemen; one clerk, to be appointed by the Sec­ for which there is no authority in law, it opens the door for retary of the Interior, to sign, under the direction of the Secretary, in any sort of a germane amendment. It is a new subject, and his name and for him, his approval of all tribal c~eds to allottces and deeds for town lots made and exe<'uted according to law for any of the we may increase the number from three to sixteen and may fix Five Civilized Tribes of Indians in the Indian Territory, $1,200; in all, terms and limitations that are germane. It is a new subject $327,6!:10. of legislation. Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. Chairman, I de ire to offer .the follow­ 1\Ir. SHERl\1A.N. l\fr. Chairman, I do not care to discuss the ing amendment. point of order further than to emphasize wilat the gentleman The Clerk read as follows : from Indiana [1\Ir. CBuurACKER] has said, that it has always Strike out after the word "each," in line !:1, page 106 of the bill, the been held that where a provision is brought in which is sub­ following : 1 ject to a point of order and no point of order is raised against ' Including three members to be selected by the Secretary of the Interior from the sixteen additional members of the Board of Pension it, a1;1 amendment perfecting that provision is in order. Appeals, appropriated· for and employed during the fiscal year 1!:107; 1\Ir. KEIFER. l\Ir. Chairman, I do not care to occupy the three additional members of said Board of Pension Appeals to be ap­ pointed by the Secretary of the Interior and to be selected from the time of the committee, except to emphasize what the gentle- · force of the Pension Office, at $2,000 each," and insert in lieu thereof man from Indiana has said. the following: The CH.AIRl\I.AN. It. is the other side that the Chair de ires " Sixteen additional members of the Board of Pension Appeals, to be selected and appointed by the Secretary of the Interior from persbns to hear from. not now employed in the Pension Office, and without compliance with l\1r. LIT'l'.AUER. l\lr. Chairman, the amendment offered by the conditions prescribed by the act entitled 'An act to regulate and my colleague from New York [l\Ir. SHEBMA ] did not, as I . improve the civil service,' approved January 16, 1883, for the fiscal year 1!:108, at $2 000 each; and vacancies occurring in this force of _understand it, attempt to amend that part of the paragraph sixteen additional members of the Board of Pension Appeals during· where provision is made for the additional three member ·to the fiscal year· 1908 shall not be filled." the permanent force, but did seek to reinstate the language of l\Ir. BINGH.Al\f. l\Ir. Chairman, I raise the point of order the present current law, wherein a provision was added that that the proposed amendment is a change of existing law. "at the end of which year such employment shall cease." I l\Ir. · SHERMAN. l\Ir. Chairman, the amendment which I can not appreciate the point made by the gentleman from In­ have submitted is identical, with the exception of one word, diana [1\Ir. CRUMPACKER] that in the method in which this with the current appropriation bill. It is a continuance of amendment is presented it does not contravene the rule against the board as created three or four years ago and as carried new legislation. It appears to me to be an entirely different year after year in the appropriation bill. '.rhe only change is set of pension-appeal examiners, one temporary and the other of a single word, which is this: In the present appropriation permanent. bill it provides that vacancies occurring during the fiscal year 1\fr. GARDNER of Michigan. Mr. Chairman, I want to call of 1907 shall not be refilled. This amendment provides that the attention of the Chair to this fact, that if the committee can \acancies occurring in the year 1908 shall not be filled. The add three it can add six or nine or sixteen. If tln·ee are in provisions are identical, except the word " eight" instead of the order, the whole sixteen are in order. word " seven." 1\Ir. BINGH.A..l\1. .All of which would be subject to a point of 1\Ir. BINGHAM. Yes; and that is tlle radical change in the order. law. Mr. GARDNER of 1\Iichigan. Would have been, yes. l\Ir. DALZELL. No; it is the purpose to continue the law. Mr. BlKGH.AM. Yes; would have been. · Mr. BINGHAM. In other words, you continue the board The CHAIRMAN. If a point of order bad been made against wllich the law says shall expire. the text of the blll the Chair would have sustained that point .Mr. SHERMAN. No; the law says vacancies occurring dur­ of order, but no such point of order was made. That being so, · ing the year shall not be filled, and I say that vacancies occur­ it is clear to the Chair that any amendment that is germane to ring during the coming year shall not be filled. We do not ask that matter is competent for the committee to consider. The any other change. point of order is therefore overruled. The question is on the Mr. LITTAUER. The law also adds that at the end of 1907 amendment offered by the gentleman from Kew York. said employment shall cease. Mr. LITT.AUER. Mr. Chairman, before that question is taken Mr. BINGHAM. In other words, you continue the current it seems to me that the Committee of the Whole should at least law auother year. The current law distinctlY. sets forth that be placed in possession of the facts in connection with this tem-c 1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 359 pora.ry board of pension appeals. The committee will remember House and Senate, and stated if there was an increase in the that a board of nine members was originally established and appeals it would not be. sufficient. wns then incTeased to twelve and then, I believe some three 1\fr. LITTAUER. When was that qualification made? years a.go, an additional force of twenty temporary appointees Mr. KEIFER. Made in the RECORD. The chairman read it was placed there at a time when the number of appeals accumu­ the other day. lated in tile office of the Secretary of the Interior numbered 1\Ir. LITTAUER. Now, the R~CORD shows that during the about 20,000. The work bad gone ·on, I believe, for two or three years this pension board has been at work, the fiscal year end­ )'ears when last year we were confronted with the fact that the ing June 30, 1903, 13,719 cases were disposed of. The next number of these appeal~? bad been reduced from 20,000 to about year, with the same force, 10,496 cases received final'"attention. 3,000. We then amended the law, or the provision for the law, The next year it·jumped up again to 13,715, and the last year, so that vacancies that then existed could not be filled, and that ending June 30 last, when this board had the full number of no further vacancies could be filled during the cun·ent year. tliirty-two members, there were 10,173 cases disposed of, a re­ Moreover, we added the provision that the force itself should be duction of 3,542 from the previous year. · entirely discontinued at the end of the current year-that is, the Mr. CAMPBELL of Kansas. Mr. Chairman-- temporary force. The original nine, with the added three, are The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from New York yield there under a permanent order. This is· one of the temporary to the gentleman from Kansas? forces added to clean up work in a great Department, to do jus­ Mr. LI'l'TAUER. Yes. tiee to the old soldier in order that his claims of every kind and Mr. CAMPBELL of Kansas. What number of cases are now character might have final and proper consideration before a pending for · consideration by the board of appeals? great board of pension appeals. Unfortunately the only way to Mr. LITTAUER. We are advi~ed here, Octol;ler 1, 1906, get such a board is to give temporary employment. The employ­ 1,712 cases. That is about two months' work, and your com­ ment was given, of course, without civil service examination, mittee, considering all the circumstances of this-- and the result is that, as far as my experience has gone, when­ 1\Ir. CAMPBELL of Kansas. Does that make provision for ever you get such a force in you can never get it out, and the cases subsequently appealed to the board? only way to do is to amalgamate it with the regular force. Mr. LI'ITAUER. I have given you simply a statement of Now, the facts in the case are that we have had about twenty­ the number of cases before the board on that day-that is, eight of these pension-appeal examiners, and they passed upon October the 1st. The cases appealed during the month of one case of appeal a day, just one appeal during the seven oc September were of course in that. . seven and a half hours' work which we have here, and bear in 1\fr. CAMPBELL of Kansas. Has the gentleman from New mind that thee appeals come to them after having pass~d . York any information as to the number of cases that were through, I believe, three or four prior examinations in the Pen­ pending before the commission a year ago? _ sion Office. The ·appeals come all briefed, and they include 1\fr. LI'ITAUER. A year ago there were 3,000-just about -some appeals in reference to pension attorneys' fees, perhaps 3,050, if my mpmory serves me right. not a great number, but quite a good number of them. Mr. CAMPBELL of Kansas. At that ratio it would take a 1\fr. KEIFER. Mr. Chairman-- full year, at least, to catch up with the work? The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from New York yield Mr. LITTAUER. It depends altogether, of course, on the to tlle gentleman fTom Ohio? · number of new cases that come along. It used to take two or Mr. LITTAUER. I do. three years to have one of these appeals attended to. It now Mr. KEIFER. I understood the gentleman to say these mem­ takes less than two or three months. I maintain that if the bers of the pension-appeal board qispose of bUt one appeal a appeals were doubled up from what they are to-day the old day. soldier's interest would be promptly attended to. I believe the Mr. LITTAUER. Just one. last advice I had was that 7 per cent of these appeals are Mr. KEIFER. Just one. The record shows that twenty­ reversed. eight members have disposed of an average of 824 per month. · Mr. KEIFER. Nine. Mr. LIT'l'AUER. No·; 867. Mr. LI'ITAUER. 1\Iy last information, from a very reliable Mr. KEIFER. Well, I am speaking of an average for a par­ source, was that it was 7, although I must admit that the ticular five months. How do you make that out? Secretary of the Interior in here says that he thinks it was · Mr. LITTAUER. During the last seven·months, commencing 15; latterly we got information that it was 9. But whether it February, ·1906, during that period 6,059 cases have been dis­ be 9 or 7, those are the only individuals who can in any way posed of, averaging ·867 each month. Divide the twenty-eight suffer any harm from this appeal of two or three months. into the 867 and you get-well, one is not exactly right, becamre Mr. CAl\1PBELL of Kansas. But if the gentleman will per­ there are only twenty-six worldng days, but in twenty-six mit me, when a man makes an appeal it is important to hiJD working days thirty-one of these appeal cases are disposed of that he have a decision on it one way or the other. · by each examiner. _ Mr. LI'ITAUER. That is unquestionably so, and the decision Mr. OVERSTREET. How many appeals are now pending? he no doubt would like to have that very minute, but most of How nearly up is this board? the appeals take more than two months to be disposed of. Mr. SHERMAN. Seventeen hundred and twelve. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. 1\Ir. LITTAUER. I will get to that. A year ago we were Mr. GARDNER of Michigan. 1\'Ir. Chairman, it seems to me advised that there were 3,000 cases yet undetermined and that this question resolves itself into whether or not this temporary at that time the force was catching up at quite a rapid · rate, force shall be continued a sufficient length of time to bring the so we attempted last year to eli'minate this board, but in order work up current. The board is now over 1,400 cases behind. to give ample force to continue the work all places which were On tlie· statement of Assistant Secretary Wilson the appeals run filled at that time were continued to the number-- from 800 to 900 a month. This board with the present force 1\Ir. TAWNEY. Will my colleague permit an interruption? will take care of just about that number. It has been reduced Mr. LITTAUER. Yes. by resignations and othe;rwise by four members. When if had Mr. TAW1\TEY. Is it not a fact the limitation upon the life the full number it took care of about 1,000 cases a month. of the board carried in the current Ia w was placed there upon Now it takes care of between 800 and 900. The appeals have the recommendation of tbe Secretary of the Interior? constantly increased since app~llants find they can get a com­ r,·. LPT''l' HP.ll. On the express recommendation of the Sec­ paratively early decision from the court. '.rhere is no reason to retary of the Interior, r~enforc.ed by the recommendation of tJ:!e think that that condition of things will not obtain in the future; at that time Commissioner· of Pensions. All of them advised that the number of appeals will at least remain where it is n•JW. us that board could well cease and end at the end of the cur­ That being the case, it is necess.ary to have the full number if rent fiscal year. · you would give a prompt decision to these men, to many of .1\.tr. fi..l!jil! ~R. I would like to interrupt the gentleman whom delay means death before the decision is made. I say again. to you, gentlemen, that we can well afford to giye the veterans The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from New York the benefit of any doubt for twelve months more. That is the yield? limitation put upon the membership of the court by the pend­ 1\Ir. LITTAUER. I do. ing amendment. Mr. KEIFER. · I understand that both the chairman of the Pu~ these trained men at work twelve months more and give Committee on Appropriations and the gentleman on the floor them an opportunity, at least, to bring the appeals down current say that this reduction was made at the instance of the Sec­ with the applications made. What harm can come of it? Sup­ retary of the Interior last year. I beg leave to say that the pose you do not do it? Then, on the statement of the Assistant Secretary 9f the Interior qualified all that original recommenda­ Secretary of the Interior, your appeals will continue fo increase tion both befo're tbe Committee on Appropriations and in the month by month until sooner or later you will have to go· over 360 CONGR.ESSIONAL ~E00RD-HOUSE. DECEMBER 13,

this same course of procedure and employ not a trained body of but taking the .average last given here there will be 9,606 new ex·perts; but a 'new body of· men, to take up the work where cases to be disposed of, and there were 1, 712 pending on the 1st the e men leave off. The time· has come when we can not afford day of October; so. that there will be 11,318 cases· to dispo e of to dally with interests vital to many of these men for the pit­ during the next fisc~! year, anQ. the present board disposed of lruice in\Ol\ed in this amendment. Let us pass· it7 and let the~e 10,173. . So that if the average of new appeals is not increased, ;nen. who now take their appeal be responded to promptly, as there will still be at the end of the next fi cal year cases pend­ they responded promptly when the nation appealed to them to ing that the board will not have been able to consider e\cn if ~1.ve its life. [Applause.] it is maintained at its present number.· Mr. CRUMPACKER. Will the gentleman allow a question :Mr. Chairman, where the interests of the old so~dier and the before he takes his seat? interests of the Government are so vita:! as they are in this case Tile CHAIRMAN. Does · the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. it riginally the of the Secretary; wilereas this year, when the Secretru.·y, the places created by this item was rank patronage, nothing but Assistant Secretary, and the Commissioner all unite in recom­ patronage, intended to serve Members of Congress ratiler than mending that this board be continued, they propose not to fol­ to serve the old oldier. And now, ·when the recommendation low that recommendation. It is \ery easy, when the recommen­ has been made to discontinue this in the intere ·ts of economy, dations of the Secretary are in accordance with our ideas to ap­ a motion is made here to embody it in the permanent la w. peal to the recommendation to sustain our position, but when it And, as a matter of fact, gentlemen, I know full well that tbi · is ad\erse, why we override it. amendment will be voted up. You will adopt it; aml as a mat­ My colleague says, and says erroneously, that there is but one ter of fact it would Ila\e been adopted ju t as easily if the gen­ appeal decided a day. It is not quite correct, but the a\erage is tleman from New York (Mr. SHERMAN] Ilad inoved to put in less than two. But, Mr. Chairman, do we wish to have the e thirty-two instead of sixteen persons on this board. nppeals hurriedly passed upon, without doing justice to the ap­ 1\Ir. GARDNER of lliciligan. I am sure the gentleman from pellant and to the Government. The report and the hearings Texas does not wish to make a mi ·statement. before the committee, and the statement of the Secretary, show l\Ir. BURLESON. No ; I never do if I know myself. that varied ·and numerous legal questions, as well as questions 1\lr. GARDNER of 1\lichigan. I say ·I am sure of it. Hence of fact, arise in these cases-questions relating to the marriage tile gentleman will allow me to correct him Wilen Ile says tile laws of the \arious States, etc. Certainly it is not tile desire purpose of this amendment is to enact this additional force into of Congre s, in the work of passing upon these appeals, to be permanent law. It is simply for one year, to enable the work so hurried as to do injustice either to the appellant or the Gov­ to be brought up. ernment of the United States. 1\fr. BURLESON. And the gentleman, who has been -upon the Now, before this board was created there were 16,000 cases Committee on Appropriations for many years, knows-ye , out unileard, and it took more than two years for an appeal to be of the storehouse of his experience there can be had a certain heard, and I am making that statement from the hearings be­ knowledge--that when once an item fi.nds place in an appropria­ fore the Committee on Appropriations. Two years ago there tion bill it is nearly impossible to uet the item out. were 3,000 cases pending at the end of the ·year, and the board But, MJ;. Chairman_, I want to address myself for one moment was continued for another year. On the 1st of October last to the necessity :or this Board. There are 1,700 cases now pend­ there were 1,700 cases pending, and taking an average from ing on appeal and about 800 new appeals every month. Tbe this 1·eport from the hearing before the committee there will information that comes to us is that this Board disposes of about come in, as bas been stated, an increase from month to month, 800 cases u month. No wonder they do not bring the business 1906. CONGR.ESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE.

abreast of current·· work: Here we have the sixteen mem­ rebrief it, and the larger the record the greate1' the labor. That bers of this Board, each disposing of about one case a

1\Ir. BINGHAM. :Mr. Chairman, J offer tire following amend­ American manufacturer concerning the conditions of trade in ment, which I send to the desk and ask to have read. Europe and the rest of the world. The Clerk read as follows : That is illush·ated by this -remark: On page 118, in lines 2 and 3, sti·ike out " machinist, $1,600 ; " in It is to exploit those facts and to inform our people as to the wants line 8 strike out " fifty-seven " anrl insert " sixty-two,'" and after the and requirements of foreign markets that our efforts are being directed. word "clerk" insert " including five heretofore· designated model at­ When made acquainted with these conditions our manufacturers and tendants · " in line 10 strike out " one hundred and seven " and in­ merchants will not send skates to the Tropics and fur goods to sert "one hundred and six; " in line. 11, after the word "drawings " .Jamaica: insert " ten clerks heretofore designated model attendants, at $800 each" and strike out "thirty-one·~ and insert "thirty; " in line 14 Now, I suppose there are some merchants and manufacturers strike out " fifty " and insert "forty-eight; " and in lines 16 a~d 17 in the United States who know what the temperature of the strike out "fifty-six thousand eight hundred and eighty" and msert in lieu thereof •; sixty-five thousand seven hundred." · Tropics is, but they never had a realizing sense of the facts The CHAIRMAN. The question is on agreeing to the amend­ until .they were incorporated in an official statement. We all ments offered by the gentleman from Pennsylvania. 1..'"Ilow that unofficial s-tatements concerning trade conditions, The question was taken ; and the amendments were agreed to. such as are gathered by merchants and their agents, are of ab­ The Clerk read as follows : solutely no value to men who. have goods to sell, and that the only fact worth considering is the fact that is stated in a sol­ DEPARTMENT OF COUME:R.CE .AND "LABOR. emn document prepared under the auspices of one of the offi­ Office of the Secretary : For compensation of the Secretary of Com­ merce and Labor, $8"000; Assistant Secretary, $5,000;. private secretary cials of the United States. So that hereafter as one result of to. the Secretary, $~,500; confidential clerk to the ;:secretary, $1,600; the publication of these reports, which have cost $80,000 al­ private secretary to the Assist.ant Secretary, $1,80~; chief cl~rk and ready, we will understand officially that there is no ice in the superintendent, $3,000; dlsbursrng clerk, $2,750; ch1ef of appomtment division, $2,250; two chiefs of division, at $2,000 each ; ten clerks of Tropics upon which people of that country may skate and there class 4 (including one census clerk) ; ten clerks of class 3; twelve is no necessity for fur cloaks and boas. [Laughter.] clerks of class 2 ; ten clerks of class 1 ; ten clerks, at $1.z.OOO each; five l\Ir. MANN. Is it necessary to have ice always in order to clerks, at $900 each; two telegraph operators, at $1.~00 each; five skate? messengers; nine assistant messen~ers; seven messenger boys, at $480 each; one en. gineerJ. $1,000; one sKilled labore1:.- $840; two conductors l\Ir. SULLIVAN. I do not know what the ·conditions in the of elevators, at $7~0 each; two firemen, at $6o0 each; nine laborers; Tropics are, but I assure the gentleman it is not necessary in one packer, $840 ;. one driver and foreman of stables, $840 ;.six hostlers, at $660 each ; one cabinetmaker, $1,000 ; one carpenter, $900; captain Chicago. of the watch, $1,200; · six watchmen; fifteen charwomen; in all, Mr. MANN. We know that $151,840. Mr. SULLIVAN. It is a worthy purpose, Mr. Chairman, and Mr. LIVINGSTON. l\fr. Chairman, I offer the following if the money of the country is going to be spent, as I think it amendment, which I send to the desk, and ask to have read. will be, there is no better way than to develop the foreign com­ The Clerk read as follows : merce of this country. For a great many years, under the in­ After line 15, on page 143, insert: fluence of protective tariffs, the attention of our producers, of "For compensation of not more than $10 per day and actual neces­ our farmers, and manufacturers was concentrated almost ex­ sary traveling expenses of special a.ge.nts to investigate trade conditions nbroad with the object of promoting the foreign commerce ·of ·the clusively upon the home market. Now, having control of the United' States, 50,000, not more than $20,000 of which shall be used home market in such manner as to call for such investigations in the investigation of the markets for cotton products, and the results as have been propounded here to-day-for instance, the inves­ of such investigation shall be re_ported to Congress." tigation of the lumber trust-it now becom~s necessary to turn Mr. LIVINGSTON. Unless objection is. made, I shall ask for our eyes away from local conditions and see what we may sell a . vote on that· amendment. · in the rest of the world. It is a subject that will take a long Mr. SULLIV..AN. Mr. · Chairman, I wish to offer an amend­ time to investigate, as the answer of l\Ir. Carson shows. He ment in the nature of a substitute to the amendment offered by was asked by 1\fr. LrTTAUER, of the committee: the gentleman from Georgia, which I send to the desk, and ask How many years will it take to complete this investigation? to have read. Mr. CARSON. You will find in these reports [handing to members of The Clerk read-as follows.: the committee printed reports] the kind of work we are doing. For compensation at not more than $10 per day and actual neces­ Then Mr. LITTAUER proceeded: sary traveling expenses of special agents to inv_estigate trade condi­ tions abroad, with the object of promoting the foreign commerce of the 1\fr. Carson, here you have special agents whose object is the exten­ United States, $750,000, not more than $25,000 of which shall be used sion of the foreign commerce of the United States. Of course the field in ·the investigation of the markets for any one of the following ar- is almost unlimited, is it not? ticles: . Mr. CARSON. Yes; it is without limit. Cotton and manufactures thereof, wool and manufactures thereof; leather and manufactures thereof, boots and shoes, wood and manufac­ So we have the assurance that if this beneficent work is con­ tures thereof, glass and manufactures thereof, 'iron and manufactures tinued in a manner befitting the dignity and glory of this great thereof, flax and manufactures thereof, steel and manufactures thereof, American nation that it will last for all time and consume a copper and manufactures tbereof, automobi.les, .sewing machines, type­ writers, firearms, hardware, cutlery, agricultural implements, corn, hay, considerable portion o.f the public revenues. I for one should wheat, potatoes, barley, tobacco, sugar, rice, cattle, eggs, swine, beets, much prefer to see the money of the country spent in the de­ onions ; and the reports of such special agents shall be published by velopment of our foreign commerce than spent in building a Congress. gi·eat navy or maintaining a great standing army. I should The CHAilll\fAN. The question is on agreeing to the sub­ prefer to see much of it spent in the development of om· rivers stitute offered by the gentleman from Massachusetts. and harbors, and in the same line of reasoning considerable 1\lr. SULLIVAN. l\fr. Chairman, a parliamentary inquiry. money could be well spent in the development of our foreign Is the debate upon the substitute amend.ment first? commerce. The CHAIRMAN. Yes. The CHAIRMAN. The time .of the gentleman has expired. l\fr. SULLIVAN. Mr. Chairman, I desire to be heard briefly Mr. SULLIVAN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent rn favor of that amendment. The usual _appropriation was left for five minutes longer. · out by the committee this year, of some $50.,000- The CIIAIRMAN. The gentleman from Massachusetts asks Mr. BARTLETT. Mr. Chairman, I desire to raise the point unanimous consent that his time be extended for five minutes. of order on the substitute. · Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair bears none. Several l\1EMBERS. That is too late. Mr. SULLIVAN. Now, I know that some Member who ob- · The CHAIRMAN. The Chair thinks it is too late, .debate jects to the expenditure of such a large sum as three-quarters having been passed. of a million dollars for this excellent purpose may say that Mr. SULLIVAN. In the last bill $50,000 was appropriated these special agents are not of any value to the country. The for the investigation of foreign ma·rkets, with a view of increas­ contradiction is found here. Here are the reports. They speak ing the commerce of the United States. In the previous bill for themselves. They are excellently written, some of them $30,000 was carried, so that $80,000 has been authorized and by skilled newspaper men, who · have found a great deal of probably spent for the investigation of these markets. In order material worth reporting an~ who have compiled it in a most that the House may not think that all this has been without excellent fashion. I know that some men will say these men fruit, I hold up for your inspection all of the reports which have ought to be experts in particular lines, and no others. should be been made so far, and which represei!t the $80,000 which bas appointed, but if you have experts in the manufacture of cotton been expended. ·Here is the $80,000 worth. I offer that as an and other articles you will not have such beautifu1 and finished exhibit, in order to indicate to the House how many more re­ literary productions as you will when you send newspaper men ports we might get, excellently written and in much greater abroad to do this woi·k, and that is something which should bulk, if we should appropriate what I ask for, namely, $750,000. merit the consideration of the House. And to show that there is an absolute need of appropriating this I know that some men will object still further and say that money, I wish to call the attention of the :Members to the state­ much of the information gathered by these special agents, for ment made by Mr. Carson, of the Department of Commerce and which I trust we will appropriate $750,000 more, is material Labor: He speaks of the great and dense ignorance of the that could ·be just as well collected by the members of our con- 1906. CONGRESSIONAL . RECQ-RD-HOUSE. 363

sular . service, and they will argue , that the consular seryice expert agents of the United States go to Germany and find out has recently been improved, or is about to be improved, as a re­ bow conditions might be improved, . so as to· facilitate the en­ sult of the excellent legislation of last year. I grant that. I trance-! might say, grease the passage-of tile American ilog, believe it is a fact, accepted by all, that when special agents do . so that the sale of bog products might be greater in Germany go abroad the first thing they do is to consult the resident con­ tl!an it is to-day. [Laughter.] Then there are other articles sul in the particular· district which they are exploring and get of the farm. Take beets, for example. Why should not the from him all the information he has upon the subject. But the American beet be extolled abroad by our agents? fact still remains that these consuls can not make reports of Mt'. LIVINGSTON. They are paying three millions now to sue~ literary excellence as our special agents, and for that send it abroad. reason I think this work ought to be continued. · Mr. SULLIVAN. Let us pay more. If it is ~ good thing, w'e Now, then, I do not believe that cotton should be sing~ed out can not have too much of it. Then take the onion. There is a for the expenditure of a large sum of money, and I have ex­ patient and humble A:inerican vegetable just as much- entitled, tended the list so ·that it includes thirty articles, all of them in my judgment, to the protection of the flag and as much en­ produced in the United States and equally entitled to the pro­ titled to an appropriation as is cotton. What patriot. is thei·e tection of the American flag and to an appropriation. No one who can not feel the rush of blood to his face and moisture to can say upon this floor with any degree of confidence that we his eyes when he speaks of the American onion? [Laughter.] ·ought to spend tlte money of the country for the development 'Vould it not sweeten Europe, Asia, and other parts of the world of the market for cotton or boots and shoes exclusively. A in its passage around the globe? What more patriotic mission .Member has suggested, after hearing my list read, that I eould there be than to send a special agent abroad with the showed a greaf lack of local pride in failing to insert in my American flag in his right hand and the American onion in his list the item of Boston baked beans. [Laughter.] He. said left h:;md? [Laughter.] that that was an article which should be sent abroad, and which Mr. STANLEY. What about the hen? undoubtedly would improve conditions in the world generally 1\Ir. SULLIVAN. Yes; what about the hen? I thank the outside of the United States and in the city of Boston in par­ gentleman for his suggestion. I fin,d that the Secretary of Agri­ ticular. But in order that I might not be accused of any selfish culture has stated in a solemn document that " the farmer's hen local pride, I omitted that important article from my list and has become a worthy companion to his cow. The annual pro­ devoted my attention to some things equally meritorious. duction of eggs is now a score of billions." There is the egg · .Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Will the gentleman tell the com­ industry. See that we send an agent abroad to find a .market mittee how much money the Government of the United States for our eggs, and even for our decayed eggs. Why, it was has been spending in this magnificent work? · rumored not long ago that they were treated with formaldehyde, Mr. SULLIVAN. Thirty thousand dollars in the bill the put in barrels, and sent to China. year before last and $50,000 last year. · I remember some years ago an American actor, speaking of 1\lr. GAINES of Tennessee. 'Vhat would you call this agent eye,vater, said that he could buy it at 50 cents a barrel and that you speak of? A drummer? sell it in China at a dollar a bottle, and that there were "mil­ Mr. SULLIVAN. I would call him the "advance agent of lions in it." There are millions in this also. So our decaved­ prosperity." [Laughter.] He is sent abroad in order to as­ egg indush-y silould be fostered. Why not find a legitimate out­ certain conditions-- let for the decayed eggs, instead of allowing them to remain 'a Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. All the drummers are that. I sort of fluid criticism upon American dramatic art? [Laughter.] · never saw a drummer in my life that did not think that pros­ Who can not see the picture of the Orient waiting witll out­ perity was ahead of him or just behind him. stretched arms and, perhaps, bowed head, calling for the intro­ Mr. LIVINGSTON. They are called " special agents " in the - duction of the decayed eggs of the United States? I might bill. . extend the list indefinitely,. but I assure gentlemen this amend­ Ur. GAINES of Tennessee. Special agents of whom? Some ment ought to pass, in the interest of American industries. private firm? 'l'here is not one of these articles which could be called unpa­ The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman ha!:l expired. triotic; not one of them but which is entitled to an appropria­ Mr. SULLIVAN. Mr. Chairman, I would like five minutes tion as much as cotton and other articles which are specifically mMa . enumerated. Let these agents be appointed; let the appropria­ Tile CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. tion go on, and after a while, under the ·civilizing influence of SULLIVAN] asks for five minutes more. Is there objection. our beets, our onions, and our decayed eggs, we will not find it There was no objection. necessary longer to appropriate for great nayies; we will ilave . Mr. GAlJ.~ES of Tennessee rose. conquered the world with our products ; and therefore I heg a l\Ir. SULLIVAN. I yield. to the gentleman from Tennessee. respectful consideration by this House for this amendment. Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Does this gentleman represent [Laughter and applause.] the Government of the United States as such or some private 1\Ir. LIVINGSTON. I 'think, Mr. Chairman, from fu·st to last, fum? · the remarks of my colleague on the committee have been quite 1\Ir. SULLIVAN. The gentleman represents the Government unkind, in attei:Qpting to ridicule this amendment of mine off of the United States in general and the Treasury of tile United the floor of the House. Ridicule is not argument. It may be States in particular. The information which he collects is, of in harmony with his practice before petty juries in the court­ course, published to the world, and our manufacturers get the room, but is not worth anything on the floor of this IIouse. benefit of it. I have not obsened, as a result of these investi­ :Mr. Chairman, over half o{ the articles he mentions are al­ gations, that our commerce has increased materially; but the ready exploited abroad by special appropriations. Beef, mutton, work is still young. It is still. only an infant industry, and it butter, corn and corn bread, hen and hen fruit, and all that, ought to get proper encouragement. In process of time it will have been cared for by the Secretary of Agriculture to a yery unquestionably show the merits of the enterprise. great extent, and a product of . this country which for the last Now, I have asked twenty-five thousand for boots and shoes, five years-three out of five--has paid the balance in export which are articles of great importance all the world over. The trade against the United States is cotton.· It has been settled people of tbe world are entitled to know the merits of American­ by cotton, and the money furnished to prevent a financial panic made boots and shoes. And so on through wood and its manu­ in the pnited States, yet he compares that product to the factures, and sewing machines, typewriters, firearms, hardware, juice from rotten, eggs [laughter]-another Massachusetts <'ntlery, and also a great many products of the farm. I find, for product [laughter]-and Boston beans. example, that corn leads the list in the last year's production. l\lr. SULLIVAN. I would share its benefit with the whole Corn is an article of eyen greater value in the domestic economy world; I was not so selfish as the gentleman. of the United States than cotton. I find that the production of 1\Ir. LIVINGSTON. Now, 1\Ir. Chairman, the committee, in _corn is twelye hundred and sixteen millions according to the last the preparation of this bill, saw proper to put in an appropria­ report. Then, too, hay is ahead of cotton, the value being six tion for, or recommendation for, $30,000 this year. Now, tile hundred and five millions. Cotton comes third, with five hun­ gentleman can still, if the limit is put back in the bill and the dred and seyenty-fiye millions, and wheat follows a close fourth, amendment prevails, can still go to the Secretary of Commerce with five hundred and m~enty-five millions, and oats, two hun­ and Labor with this list and haye them all attended to. dred and eighty-two millions, and so on. I have put all of these Mr. SULLIVAN. There would not be enough money. worthy and deserving articles in the list because I believe they :Mr. LIVINGSTON. This law was ·$30,000 last year; the cur­ r..re entitled to consideration equally with cotton. I would not rent appropriation is $50,000. But $20,000 'WUS added by an neglect other a~·ticles. 'l'ake the American hog, for example. amendment in the Senate covering cotton products; and I am He is finding it extremely difficult to enter the markets of going to show you who are interested in cotton products, and Europe, particularly of Germany. All sorts of discriminating you ought to take C[\re of it. All I have asked is a reinstate­ Iuws a1·e made against him. Wilat could be better than to have ment of the current law in the bill. Now, why should that 364 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE-. DECEMBER 13,

amendment of mine be attacked as if it was a scheme, if you the extension· of the trade of the· United States in other prod- wish to call it a · scheme, as the gentleman from Boston seemf.l ucts besides cotton and its manufactures? · to think it is. It is not giving a fair chance to the tax payer Mr. LIVINGSTON. I want to say that there is $30,000 that of the United States as to whether it is proper to be expended absolutely coveTs the very articles mentioned by the gentleman in this way or not. The gentleman holds up in his hand a from Massachusetts. great body of reports of the special agents, and does not show Mr. THOMAS of North Carolina. That is the point, and only how the expenditure of $80,000 has benefited this country. $20,000 of the $50,000 goes for the investigation and extension I say that if you will read these reports you will see that our of the cotton trade in foreign markets: special agents, sent abroad to ell.J.arge and broaden the trade Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. Mr. Chairman, I desire in of this country, have been very efficient and useful. the time allowed me to give my hearty indorsement to the Mr. LITTAUER. Will the gentleman partiClllarize? motion of the gentleman from Georgia [Mr. LIVINGSTON]. The Mr. LIVINGSTON. Another Boston man. [Laughtc:>r.] effOI t, Mr. Chairman, that the gentleman from Massachusetts Now, Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, if I had more than ten or [Mr. SULLIVAN]" makes in regard to this question in opposition fifteen minutes I would take these reports and particularize, to the desired appropriation is to use the . shaft of ridicule. but the gentleman from New York knew that no man could do That always reacts against a man who attempts to use it on a it under the five-minute rule when he put the proposition up subject as grave and of such magnitude as this. The gentleman to me. I say this appropriation ought to be continued, so as from Massachusetts certainly does not know, and if he does to give this scheme, if you call it a scheme, a fair deal. know he can not appreciate it, that for this one product, for I stand in my place on the floor of this House and declare that this one staple of cotton, Europe pays us annually more these reports sustain the argument I am making, without par­ than all the gold developed and mined annually in the world. ticularizing, and I leave it with the gentleman from New York, It is true that this enormous amount for one staple goes into if he ..can get the time, to particularize. . the lap of the South. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. And yet the gentleman from 1\-Iassachusett& [Mr. SULLIVAN] Mr. LIVINGSTON. I ask unanimous consent for ten minutes stands here in the presence of this House and facetiously and in order to make me even up with the Boston party. flippantly· compares this gigantic article of the world's com· The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman asks unanimous con ent merce with "rotten eggs" and "onions." Does he know, Mr. that his time be extended ten minutes. Is there objection? Chairman, when he talks in this spirit of idle ridicule, that There was no objection. every _clay, including Sundays_ and holidays, Great Britain for Mr. LIVINGSTON. Now, let us see about the necessity. I our raw cotton is paying the cotton producer of the United shall have to be brief about it. We produce 70 per cent of the States more than $1,000,000? And yet his purpose, in an effort raw cotton of the world. England produces 64 per cent of the to display his native· wit, is to underestimate and belittle, it cotton -fabrics of the world. I have not the time to dwell on you please, this great southern product that is destined in the that. Let rue repeat it, -and you take it home with you. We development of the South to clothe the people of all the world produce in the United States 70 per cent of all the raw cotton who wear clothes and are civilized. I have thought, among of the world. England produces 64 per cent of all the cotton Democrats and Republicans, regardless of place of residence, goods of the world. England exports annually $447,657,600 of the sentiment prevailed that we should expand and extend ou:r cotton fabrics. The United States, that produces 70 per cent of trade with foreign countries. the raw cotton, sends abroad $55,189,700 in cotton goods; $55,- No man on the floor of this House is more in favor of such 000,000 against $447,000,000. Is it not about time that Asia a policy than 1 am. Why not prepare to meet the inevitable and Africa knew that we have cotton and cotton mills in this demands of the world for cotton cloth? We are bound to have country, and can manufacture and sell cotton goods cheaper an outlet for this great and valuable crop. The Eastern States than England? That is the object of this amendment. as well as the Southern States are alike interested in the man­ Listen ! In 1905 England sold to Asia $202,212,600 worth of ufacture of cotton. It is true the South produces quite 80 per cotton goods. The United States sold in Asia only $36,988,200 cent of the raw cotton that supplies the world, and the South, worth of manufactured cotton. There were $36,000,000 of our to the amazement of the world, iF now manufacturing about cotton fabrics going to Asia against $202,000,000 of English one-half of the cloth manufactured 1n the United States. Great goods going to Asia. How did they get that trade? By doing sections of the world await the new exportation and the ex­ just what I propose in this amendment. ·That is how they got tension of our cotton-fabric trade. it, they went after it like the nigger went after the Christmas ·There stands China, with more than 450,000,000 of people, turkey. He got it because he went after it. awaiting to-day the· cotton cloth and clothing which is the Again, Africa took from England last year $29,456,100 in cot­ joint product of the mills of the South and East. . We see that ton goods, and he took from us $428,200. There is a difference Great Britain buys from us raw cotton, manufacturing it, and of $29,000,000 that Africa took from England more than she by tactful methods in foreign countries governs that great took fTom us. South America, right at our doors, took from trade throughout the world that· the United States ought to-day England last year $32,002,800, and took from us $3,476,500, a to control and will control in the near future if we will be difference of $28,000,000 that England sold right at our dnors broad enough to give our cotton a fair chance. There stands more. than we ·sold of manufactured cotton goods. Canada and Japan, a great, growing, and aspiring country that has recently Mexico took from England five times as much cotton _goods as entered· on the stage of the great nations of the world, with they took from the United States in 1905. Think of it. Mexico 45,000,000 of people who can use our cotton. Great Britain on our south Canada on our north, and both on our borders, took is extending the tentacles of her trade greed and will soon five times as much manufactured cotton from England as from have in her grasp the cotton-cloth interests and demands of the United States. Let any man look at these figures,- w.hich are that people. It is the proper time for us to seek this develop­ all official, and he will see that when we have one crop worth ing trade in Japan. If we lose it, the completion of the Pan­ from five to six hundred million dollars, and only a small per ama Canal will lose many of its commercial advantages for cent of it manufactured within the limits of the United States the South. Let us understand the proposition submitted to us and G4 per cent of it manufactured in England-if any man look­ and then apply the wit and humor in the remarks made by ing at this fact will tell me that it is not time for the United the gentleman from Massachusetts. It is ·this : The gentle­ States to get a part of that fra.de or all of it, then I am mistt~J::en man from Georgia [Mr. LIVINGSTON] moves to reinsert in the in the man. He must be from Boston. [Laughter.] bill the provision that calls · for an appropriation of $50,000 1\lr. Chairman, when I offered that amendment I intended to "to investigate trade conditions· abroad," to promote our foreign insert three words between " cotton " and the word " products/' comme.rce, but only $20,000 of this amount shall be used to and those words were " and cotton-seed; " but knowing the investigate foreign markets in the interest of cotton products. amendments the gentlemen had to propose, and knowing them It appears that the $30,000 appropriation ought to be sufficient to be outside of the current law, I refrained, because it would to investigate foreign markets in the interest of "rotten eggs open the gates to the gentleman from Boston, and to every other and onions." gentleman, to put into the current law foolish, ridiculous amend­ Why, Mr. Chairman, there can be no comparison with any ments such as my friend from Boston has proposed here to-day. one single product that is made in the United States to this I ask for nothing except the current law. great one of the product of cotton and its manufacture. I in­ Mr. THOMAS of North Carolina. May I ask the gentleman sist, 1\Ir. Chairman, not in any spirit of sectionalism, not in any a question? spirit except that which is broad and patriotic, that we ought The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Georgia yield to to investigate matters of this kind, for such investigations the gentleman from North Carolina? will add to the commercial growth of our Republic. We ought Mr. LIVINGSTON. I do. to send skilled and trained men to these markets that we can Mr. THOMAS of North Carolina. Does not your amendment develop-men who can tell us what the ,existing conditions are, provide specifically for tlie investigation of trade· conditions and what the CUStOlllS are, and what kind and character of cotton 1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. .365

cloths we ought to send to that country and what lrind would And, Ur. Chairman, t he fourteen consular ·officers who have suit the tastes of those people, so that it will increase and ad­ b-een selected :from the cotton States have been sent to obscure vance our trade there. I insist that the provision offered by the points in Central or South Am-erica, or Bergen, Norway, or gentleman from Georgia should be reinserted in tbis bill. [Ap­ some other point with which the great agriculh1ral South has plause.] no trade relations. I will admit that it is the duty of our Mr. BURLESON. Mr. Chairman, of course the amendment consular officer who· hails from Massachusetts (many of whom offered by the .gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. SULLIVAN] are stationed in Europe, where the cotton and cotton-·seed oil will be \oted down, because it was offered for the purpose of interests are important) to further the commercial interest of being voted down. But I do sincerely hope the members of this the South and the commercial interests of the individual citi­ committee will not i.Teat the amendment offered by the gentle­ zens of that section; but, Mr. Chairman, this they can not man from Georgia [Ur. LIVINGSTON] with ridicule. It is entitled properly· do. They might, as far as cotton products are con~ to serious consideration, and when you come to vote upon it, cerned, but I assert they can not so do with reference to cotton­ and you will do so, if you vote down a substitute wbich will later seed products, for they are wanting in knowledge of t he in~ be offered by the gentleman from New York [Mr. LITTAUERl it dustry. · is my purpose to offer an amendment to the amendment, adding I do not mean to reflect upon our consular officers. Of course after the words "cotton products" the words "and cotton-seed they represent all parts and all interests of the United States. products.". I believe they are the best in the world. but those in Europe, The amendment as amended would then read as ~ollows : where this gi'€at interest is involved, have no knowledge of cot­ For compensation, at not more than $10 per day and actual neces­ ton-seed products, and consequently can not r_epresent its merits. sary traveling expenses, of special agents to investigate trade condi­ New York can oppose tbis, but it is not becoming in her Repre­ tions abroad, with the object of promoting the foreign commerce of tbe sentatives to do so, because New York has thirty-seven of her United States, $50,000, not more than $20,000 of which shall be used in the investigation of markets for cotton products and cotton-seed citizens abroad as consular officers to represent the commercial p1•odocts, and the results of such investigation . shall be reported to interests of that State, to exploit the manufactured wares of Congress. · · -that great Commonwealth~ and they do it, and do it well, and I I can give reasons why I tbink the amendment as amended am glad of it; but why should she now oppose this item wbich should go into this bill, and these reasons are not at all incon­ affects the great staple crop of th~ South? sistent with the views expressed by the gentleman from Massa­ Mr. Chairman, can I be excused if I take · one moment to chusetts. I concur generally in · the propositions laid down by speak of the value of the great staple to be affected by this the gentleman from Massachusetts [Ur. . SULLIVAN] that it is amendment? It is undoubtedly true that cotton is the most im ~ the duty of the consular officers to develop the tmd·e Of the portant crop grown in all this great country. But for this crop, United States. I recognize that the service of each of our instead of being one of the leading, if not the leading, creditor consular officers, regardless of the State from which he is ap­ counb.·ies of the world, we· would, when the balance of the. world's pointed, belongs alike to all the States, but at the same time I b.·ade is struck, find ourselves each year on the wrong side of submit in all fairness that each section should be given a just the ledger. This great crop furnishes full VO p~r cent of the and fair proportion of these appointments, in order that we may balance of trade in our favor. The hoard of gold now piled have those in our consular service who are thoroughly familiar high in the vaults of our Treasury bears silent witness to the with the resoui·ces and industries of the various sections of our service rendered by cotton in bringing tbis precious metal fi.·om country. foreign shores. · I also contend that these consular officers from the different sec­ Mr. Chairman, millions of dollars are appropriated each year tions should be stationed in those countries with which the for the support of our consular service, and, as I have shown, citizens of the particular section have established trade rela­ of the 300 consular officers all the South has only 14, and these tions or where there i& a hope of developing or extending their ·are located where they can be of but little service, and now, trade. 'Tis true a consular officer is a col'l1.mercial agent whose when the gentleman from Georgia [1\Ir. LIVINGSTON] by this duty it is to advance the commercial interests of the country he amendment asks for the pitiful sum of $20,000 to exploit a by­ represents and of the individual citizen of the country he repre­ product of its great crop, of which no consular officer, located sents, but to do so we all will admit he must. have a particular where its interests are affected, now in the service of the United knowledge of the industry which he endeavors to promote, and States knows one single thing, be is met with ridicule-with it is for that very reason that I urge upon the committee to put ridicule by a gentleman who bails from Massachusetts, a State this item in this bill. Now, why? that has in our consular service five· more representatives than 1\Ir. MANN. :Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield to ,a are to be fotmd in the entire eleven States interested in this question? producL . The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman yield? l\fr. NORRIS. Will the gentleman yield to a question? . Mr. BURLESON. Yes. Mr. BURLESON. Certainly. I have no objection, if my time :Mr. 1\IANN. Agreeing with the gentleman as to the appropri­ can be extended to. enable me. to conclude what I desire to say ation, I wQuld like to ask him this question: How is it. possible on this subject. for the special agents appointed to differentiate between the l\lr. NORRIS. I want to ask the gentleman if these offi­ work they do for cotton, cotton seed, and cotton fabrics and the cials coming from Massachusetts and New York, . or any of work they do for other items, each one being engaged in a 'Coun­ them, were appointed to represent any particular industry? try by itself, observing the trade relations of that country, and 1\fr. BURLESON. Not at all. On the contrary, I disclaimed making a general report upon the trade of that country? that they were there to represent particularly the wares of :Mr. BURLESON. I suppose agents will be appointed who New York, but at the same time, being from New York, I say are thoroughly familiar with the -cotton-seed oil industJ.·y and that they are thoroughly familiar with the wares of New who know something about where additional markets for the York and thus splendidly equipped to promote her commercial same could probably be found. It is to secure such services, interests. · · which can not be rendered by our present consular officers, that Mr. NORRIS. Then why should we appoint anyone to rep­ I contend"for the continuance of this appropriation. :Mr. Chair­ resent any particular industry, cotton or any other? man, that is the very reason w by this i tern ought to go into 1\Ir. BURLESON. I have not so contended, as a general this bill. · proposition, and if the gentleman had given attention to what 1\Ir. LIVINGSTON. I will just state to the gentleman from I have stated he would not have consumed my time by asking Illinois [l\1r. 1\I.A.NN] that there were two men · specially ap­ such a question or interjecting such a statement. I have pointed for cotton, and they did not mix up with anything else. clearly announced that it_ is the . duty of our consular officers :Mr. BURLESON. I do not want my time consumed by fur­ to represent every section, · and every interest of every section. ther interruption, because my time is limited and I have several of the United States, and I have also said they were doing i't suggestions which I desire to offer tllis committee in support of as well as they could. But, Mr. . Chairman, our consuls located this item. As a matter of fact-and I do not say this now in a in Europe do not have a proper knowledge of this industry partisan sense; I desire to emphasize the assurance that I run not because of condftions I have g.escribed, and for that reason we stating what I now propose to state in a partisan sense-as a are asking that $20,000 be set apart to exploit this particular matter of fact, there is not to-day a consular officer in the serv­ industry, and we found our contention upon the broad basis of ice of the United States who knows anything whatever about right. We have a right to ask it. the manufacture of cotton-seed products, who is located where The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. there is even a remote chance to widen a market for same or aid Mr. BURLESON. I ask unanimous consent that I may be . in extenillng its uses or assist in increasing a demand for same. permitted to proceed for a few moments longer. The truth is we have for the entire eleven Southern States, the The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? cotton and cotton-seed oil producing States, only fourteen con­ There was no objection. sular officers-fourteen for that entit•e section, while l\Iassachu­ l\Ir. BURLESON. l\Ir. Chairman, this is a peculiar indus­ setts alone has nineteen. try-the cotton-seed-oil industry. No consular officer living be- 366.· CONGRESSIONAL· REOORD_:_HOUSE. DECEMBER 13, yond the limits of the South can possibly have that knowledge changes in Brazil, changes everywhere in the tariff. Our commercial it It. competitors are trying to get changes made that will help them and of which will enable him to properly represent its merits. hurt us all the time. We have got to look out for it every day in bas heretofore found its principal, if not its sole, market in the week, and somebody has got to know something about the subject. Eurorie, or rather, I should say, in certain countries in Europe­ Mr. TAWNEY. To what extent, if at aU, has the Treasury Department England, Il"'rance, Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary. We performed this service in the past? Secretary RooT. I do not suppose to any considerable extent. It has have no consular officer there with even. fair knowledge of it. been left to the State Department, which did not haye any experts who This i one reason why I contend tbat this item should go into were familiar with the subject. I have only answered a single question about trying to prevent injury. Another thing is to try to get changes this bill. made in their tariffs that will benefit us. This industry now bas $73,000,000 invested in it and 715 dif­ We have just got, incidental to a little cultivation of kindly feeling ferent plants engaged in its manufacture. Last year the prod­ with South America, a reduction of the Brazilian duties on our flour. uct was excluded from .Austria by a prohibitive tax. It bas been They gave us a 20 per cent differential, a rate 20 per cent lower to us on our flour than on the flour imported from other countries. practically excluded frorp. Germ'any, and now France threatens Mr. BuRLESON. Can we obtain favors of that character without to exclude it. Recent cablegrams from Paris clearly indicate granting similar concessions? a purpose on the part of the customs committee of the Chamber Secretary RooT. We have just done it. Mr. BURLFJsos. What character of favor? of Deputies to increase the tariff charge on cotton seed and cot­ . Secretary RooT. A reduction of 20 per cent in the duty on flour with ton-seed oil to so high a figure that it would amount to ex­ Brazil. clusion. So imminent is this danger that the ambassador from Mr. BURLESON. Without granting any concessions ourselves? Secretary Roo'!'. Yes. . this country to France, :Mr . .McCormick, bas made strong repre- Mr. TAWNEY. Is it not fair to say that coffee, the chief and almost sentations against the proposed increase. · sole importation of that country, ·Brazil, comes to this country free? .Mr. Chairman, as is well known to us all, a very advantageous That is the reason we are able to make negotiations of that kind . Secretary ROOT. Of course. But an understanding of that situa- . reciprocity treaty which ·had been negotiated with France by 1\Ir. tion-that is a simple situation-an understanding of it is necessary Kas~on, under the provisions of the Dingley Act, was pigeon­ on our part if we are to have such a concession on their part. We holed at the other end of the Capitol. That treaty, it is have now, under the third section of the Dingley Act, authority to re­ duce the duties on distilled spirits, argols, and wines coming from believed, would have proven especially advantageous to the foreign countries, for a consideration, and propositions for ·· that are cotton producer. In fact, it is claimed that it would have been always on the tapis here. We are making such arrangements from worth millions of dollars to those interested in that great staple. time to time. We have got to know. Other countries are making proposals to us for reciprocity treaties, just as Germany has a pro­ But, Mr. Chairman, we did not get it, and we all know we will posal pending now. We can not throw a proposition of that kind out not get a reciprocity treaty with France. The particular treaty of the window. was sidetracked, so it is said, because it happened to affect very Mr. BURLESON. I will admit the crying necessity of these experts i.f you are going to engage in that policy. • slightly certain knitted goods manufactured in Massachusetts. Secretary ROOT. Whatever the policy may be, we have got to engage Such being the case, regardless of the enormous benefit to be in the policy of treating foreign countries with consideration and cour­ conferred on the millions who produce cotton and cotton seed, a tesy, and when they come to us and say, "We want to make a reciproc­ ity treaty" and "The tariff· arrangements with us are not fair," we distinguished Senator from Massachusetts saw that the treaty have got to listen to them and discuss the subject with them, and we · was not ratified. · have ~ot to have somebody who knows something about it. I am not making any complaint about it. That matter is Mr. BURLESO~. It does not take any ex-pet·t knowledge to give them a polite answer and to say that it is not the polic~ of the United States passed;· but I do believe it my duty to insist that because the to do that. Is not that the situation? . interests of this product are being sidetracked in this way that Secretary RooT. It is not a situation that the Secretary: of State is we are entitled to ask M the Congress the pittance carried in the entitled to announce. We have got to deal with each situation by itself amendment offered by the gentleman from Georgi!l. · as .it occurs. It is now our only hope of accomplishing anything for this :Mr. Chairman, I have bad many requests from those inter­ industry, for not only have we failed in the past to secure relief ested in this industry for legislation of the character proposed through reciprocity, but there is no hope of doing anything in this amenJ.ment. I believe that it is not alone to the inter­ along that line in -the future. est of those engaged in the manufacture of cotton-seed o_il, many 'l'he reciprocity bureau of the State Department bas been of whom reside in my district, but I am sure it is in the interest abandone!], and evidently there is no purpose to attempt any- of every man who grows cotton. thing further in that direction. · For a number of years the· cotton planter has not received I submit in this connection a part of the bearings on this bill what I would regard as a fair price per ton for his cotton seed. before your .Appropriation Committee and you can determine It lias been thought that this might have been brought about by :(or yourself the chances for action from that quarter. I read a common understanding or secret agreement entei.·ed into by from ·the statement made by the honorable Secretary of State_: tile cotton-seed oil people, but it may be the fact that markets LACK OF EXPERT ASSISTANCE. abroad are being closed against the cotton--seed oil that bas it Secretary RooT. There is particularly a lack of force in what we made impossible for the manufaoturer of cotton-seed oil to call the bureau of h·ade relations. · You will remember that there was pay a higher price for his raw material. If this be true, and by a reciprocity bureau, and that when I talked with you a year ago we this small sum relief can be afforded, undoubtedly it should be talked about the expenses of the reciprocity bureau, of which Mr. Kasson had been the head, and of which Mr. Coleman was secretary allowed. and practical chief under Mr. Kasson . . That is g-one now. That ex­ Twenty thousand dollars is all that is asked. I have tried pense had been paid out of an emergency fund, and we abandoned that to show you why we should ba.ve these special agents. I do not in the process of reforming our salaries, with general consent. There is a g1·eat amount of work to be done-work that we have believe that our consular agents can properly serve those·inter­ got to have done in the State Department. It is part of a pretty wide ested in this industry, and when I say that I do not mean it in subject, and I do not know that I ought to take up your time with· it, any sense as a criticism of them. I say it in the face of the but it. may be worth while for me to say a few words. We are very lame and very undeveloped in our governmental organization in respect condition that confronts us, and every man here knows that it to expert assistance. We have just sent over to Germany, for the pur­ confronts us. I will not now discuss why we have not more pose of reaching an understanding upon facts and an understanding of consular agents from the South or the reasons why they are the relative ideas of the two countries on the subject of the taritl', three exper·ts, and I had to go around · and p.ick them up and get them as a assigned to duty at obscure places. That is neither hei·e nor matter of special favor from the Treasury Department and the Depart­ there. I am not making any complaint about that at this time, ment of Commerce, and we have added a consul-general-1\:fr. Mason­ but I do say if you want to do right, and accord even-banded who has gone o-ver to Berlin from Paris to give them the benefit of his assistance. , They met in Berlin a force of nine experts connected with justice, you will not deny this $20,000 when millions are carried the foreign office; whose entire and continuous business is to keep the in the diplomatic and consular appropriation bill for the sup­ Government of Germany up to date all the time upon every commercial port of consular officers wlio look after the trade in other sec­ question. Mr. LITTAUER. You have not a like force in your Department? tions of the country. [Applnuse.] Secretary RooT. There .is no such force•her:e. Mr.· THOMAS of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I will de­ ~ Mr. BURLESON. Is there any necessitY for such a force? Get·many tain the HousE' only a f;hort time. I shall not make any is constantly engaged in negotiating reciprocity treaties with various countries. That is the very character of business they are engaged in. extended remarks, but I simply want to say that I agree most They are the experts about whom Secretary Root speaks. lleartily with what the gentleman from Texas bas said, that Secretary RooT. We are exporting $1,750,000,000 '}'Orth of goods, and tllis effort to widen the markets of the United States for the all of those except those going to Great Britain herself are going to countr·ies that have tariffs imposed "upon ·our goods, and there is no sale of cotton goods is not a proper subject of ridicule on the country in the world that so much needs intelligent and expert knowl­ part of the gentleman from the great Commonwealth of Massa­ edge on all taritl' questions as this country now, at this very time. clmsetts or any other Member. We to-day in the South are Mr. LITTAUER. Taritl' questions from the standpoint of those coun- tries we are dealing with? competing with Massachusetts and New England in the manu­ Secretary RooT. Yes. facture of cotton goods. The cotton growers of the South have Mr. BCRLESON. To do what, 1\Ir. Secretary? also become cotton spinners. Secretary RooT. To enable us, in the first place, to make the neces­ sary representations to those countries which will prevent their im­ North Carol¢a ra..n,ks as the third State of the Union in the posing disadvantages upon our trade-- manufacture of cotton goods. Massachusetts comes· first, South Mr. LIVINGSTON. And crippling it? Secretary RooT. Yes ;. CI'lppling our trade. Changes are ·being pro­ Carolina second, and the great State of North Carolina, which posed all the time all over-changes in France, changes in Germany, I have the honor in part to represent, comes third in the manufac- 1906. ·CONGRESSIONAL-RECORD-HOUSE. 367

ture of cotton goods. The climate, water power, and labor in Adopted at adjourned session held at Tampa, Fla., Wednesday, No­ vember 21, 1906. my State all unite to make the State a great manufacturing State: E. J. WATSON, President. This amendmPnt simply proposes, gentlemen of the House, to Attest~ investigate trade -conditio-ps generally as to every artkle of B. w. KtLGORE, .manufacture r.nd every product of this country sold in foreign Secretary-Treasurer~ markets. It proposes that there shall be a-n investigation as to Mr. BARTLETT. 1\fr. Chairman, my colleague [Mr. LIVING­ trade conditions in cotton manufactures with a view to widen~ STON] has offered the following amendment: ing tlle markets of the United States for cotton and cotton For compensation, at not more than $10 per day and actual neces­ manufactures. It appropriates $50,000 for· the employment of sary traveling expenses, of special agents to investigate trade condi,. tions abroad, with the object of promoting tlie foreign commer-ce of the special agents to 'do this work, of which- sum $20,000 only is to United States, $50,000, not more than $20,000 of which s-hall be used be expended with a view of witlening our foreign markets for in the investigation of markets for cotton products; and the results cotton manufactuTes. I believe that would be -money wisely of such investigation shall be reported to Congress. expended, and differ wholly with the gentleman from Massa- I had prepared to offer the same amendment, and it is in the chusetts. · · - language of the current law as contained in the appropriation Is this sum not insignificant compared with the value of this bill for the present fiscal year. It has been of great benefit and great product of the South ; this great money crop of the South? valuable results have been obtained from it,-and I hope it will And as the gentleman from Texas has well said, there is linked be contrnued. with cotton and cotton manufactures also the great cotton-seed Under this appropriation investigations ba,ve been made bt oil industry, which has grown, as I have shown in iny former experts abroad, especially in China and other foreign countries, speech in the House, from a few hundred thousand dollars in whose people use, to a great extent, cotton goods for clothing value and investm·ent to mi1lions of dollars in value. We want and other domestic purposes, and the result$ are contained to deyise some m~ans to get new and wider foreign markets and have been Il)ade known to us by the Chief of the Bureau of for that great industry Of the South. . -- What was once a waste Manufactures, and they are, and will continue _to be, of great product which brought no money to the South bas grown into benefit to our people, especially to the producers of cotton and a great industry with millions of dollars invested; its products. The sum proposed is so insignificant in compar· Mr. LITTAUER. - Wi-H the gentleman permit a question? ison with the benefits that have been received, and will con· 1\Ir. TH.OMAS of North Carolina. Certainly. tinue to be received, that it is surprising· that anyone should Mr. LITTAUER. Was this waste product turned into mil­ oppose it. lions of dollars of profit to the people of the South by any sort The Chief of the Bureau of Manufactures, in· his report, says: of reports of this character obtained tbrougJ. this appropriation·? WORK OF SPECIAL A.GE1-<"TS. Mr. THOl\-IAS of North Carolina. ,No. It was due to the Under the legislative, executive, and judicial appropriation act for energy of the people of the· South and the fact that they pos­ the year 1906 the sum of $30,000 was appropriated for an investigation sessed this raw product; but of course they get suggestions from of trade conditions abroad. Under this authority four special agents were appuinted, one of whom was assigned to Canada, Mexico, and Cuba; reports and investigations .as to. the best markets and means of one to Central and South America. and two to China and Japan. increasing the price and widening the markets .for the product. These officers not only furnished the country with valuable repot·ts I will say to the gentleman from New York as the gentleman describing fully trade conditions and pointing out opportunities that invited American competition, but supplied other information of a from Texas bas well said, and as I have shown in my former practical character conveying object lessons to manufacturers, especially speeches, inasmuch as we have been unable to get reciprocity those of cotton goods, that has been. productive of good results, . and treaties we want at least to have some method or me·ans by which has received the highest commendation from many of those. whose interests were thus served. Under the appropriation act for the· which we· can widen . the markets of the South and the United year 1907 the sum of $50,000 is appropriated for continuing the inves­ States for this cotton-seed oil product ·as well as our cotton tigation of trade conditions abroad, of which sum $20,000 is provided manufactures. It means much to that great section of our for an inquiry iqto the markets for cotton products. Under this gen­ eral authority investigation of foreign mru·kets is being continued. Two reunited country-the· Southland. _ experts in the manufacture of cotton goods, who were recommended · 1\Ir. LITTAUER. Can you point to any . single item in the very generally by manufacturers of such goods throughout the country, re-ports already made from the expendHure of the $30,000 for were appointed ami have been engaged in that special work since July 1, 1906. Investigation by men. trained in particular fields of activity', the. year ending the 30th of July last or the supplemental. $50,000 whose mental equipment has been supplemented by practical applica­ that is now being expended the promotion of which is in any tion, possessing in. addition to these basic qualifications zeal to prose­ way attributable to that appropriation? cute and ability to describe results of their investigations, can not fail :Mr.· THOMAS of North Carolina. Well, I am not familiar to be bighly valuable to the country and advantageous to the special interests that are served. Numerous letters have reached the Bur~au with the reports, _but, in a general way, I should· say that the from representative men in a number of the leading industries urging expenditure of this money-the· sending of special agents abroad that inves,tigation be made of markets for the promotion of their prod­ ucts through the agency of experts. as in the case of manufactures of - for the purpose of investigating .trad'e conditions to extend the cotton. It is recommended that the attention of the Congress be invited markets of the United States for all its manufactures and prod­ to this matte1·, and that provision be made for extending investigations ucts, especially for cotton manufactures, throwing all possible abroad in. special fields. light u-pon the subject-must necessarily tend to promote the Referring to the markets for cotton products, he says : widening of our markets, enabling us to ·know where and how EXTENT OF VALUE OF COT'l'ON·CLOTH !IIARKETS. to carry on our trade to the best advantage. We have been told 'Ule cotton piece-goods trade of China is one of large extent and is one advantage of holding the Philippines is that they may be a constantly growing. For the year 1905 the value-of such cloths exported base for our trade in cotton manufactures in the Orient. to China and Hongkong by Great Britain was $49,625,000, a large· pro­ portion of which was composed ·Of printed goods. For the year ended The CHA:IRl\IAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. June 30, 1905, the value of cotton piece goods exported to China from Mr. THOMAS of North Carolina. l\Ir. Chairman, I desire t<:> the- United States was $27,761,000, out of- a total exportation for the put in the RECORD resolutions adopted by the Southern States year of $41,320,000, and for the fiscal year 1906 we sold to China $20,641,200 of cotton cloths out of a total for the year of $43,182,000. Commissioners of Agriculture and Agricultural Workers sent me It will be observed that the exports of cotton cloths from Great Britain to-day by Doctor Kilgore, of the North Carolina department of to China alone for 1905 were greater than those· of the United States agriculture. I am beartily in favor of the amendment of the to all countries for that period. The figures of the cotton trade of Great Britain and the United States with South America show a much gentleman from Georgia. greater disparity than the figures for China. The entire value of ship· The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from North Carolina de­ ments of cotton piece goods from the United States to South America sires to print in the R:t!:GORD the matter to which he has referred. for the year ended June 30, 1906, was $3,246,567, while the shipments of Great Britain for the six months ended June 30, 1906, were valued Is there objection? [After a pnuse.] The Chair bears none. at nearly $18,000,000 and for the ten months ended October, 1906, at The matter above referred to is as follows: nearly $32,000,000. To Argentine aloqe Great Bl'itain in the six months ended with June, 1906, sold about $7,000,000 worth of cotton piece RESOLUTION. goods, or twice as much as the United States sold for the entire fiscal Whereas cotton is the principal money crop of the South; that this 'year ended June 30, 1906, to all the countries of South America . . Will continue to be so for years to come is a matter about which there can be no difference of opinion. We note with a degree of great satis­ There seems to be no reason why the United States should not dis· faction that the ·united States Congress at its last session appropriated pose of a large quantity of cotton printed goods and increase the sale a small sum to be used in the commendable work of extending the mar­ of plain goods in the .Orient, and reports of all observers agree that ket in foreign fields : '.fherefore, be it 1.his can be done if our manufacturers will consult the conditions of Resolved, That we, the Southern States Commissioners of Agri­ 1.he market, the requirements of the trade, the methods of doing busi­ culture and Agricultural Workers, in eighth annual session convened ness, and the tastes and desires of the people, and adjust their business in the city of .Jacksonville, Fla., L.

I. 368 CON~RESSIO;NAL RECORD-HOUS]!. DECEMBER 13,

is a growing demand for cotton and cotton goods in both north LETT] asks unanimous consent to continue his remarks for one and south China, and that the American manufacturer can find minute. Is there objection? an increasing market there, provided he can be informed in a There was no objection. well-defined way of the needs of the market. Not only . is fhe 1\ir. BARTLETT. l\fr. Chairman, I started to say this great foreign trade in cotton and cotton manufactures of great im­ crop of ours is greater in value than all of the other crops of portance, but the cotton-seed industry and the products of cot­ the country except corn, and the most remarkable thing is that ton seed, most of which in former years was thrown away, have with that crop, amounting to $650,000,000 a year, the raw ma­ become one of the greatest industries in the country, especially terial is not consumed at home like that other great agricul­ in the South, where cotton is raised, until now products of the tural product which exceeds it in value, but two-third'3 of it is value of $100,000,000 a year are produced from cotton seed, of sbipped and brings into this country every year hundreds of which thirty million and odd dollars was exported this year, in­ millions of dollars of foreign gold to create and increase our creasing from $13,000,000 in 1897 to $31,000,000 and over in prosperity, not simply of its producers, but of the entire country. 1906. [Applause.] It may well be said that the cotton industry-the production The CHAIRMAN. The question is 6n agreeing to the sub­ of raw cotton and the manufactured products from the raw stitute offered by the gentleman from Massachusetts [1\fr. material and other by-products-is not only the greatest an" SULLIVAN]. most valuable industry in the United States, but in the world. The question was taken ; and the substitute was rejected. -This statement can not be answered by ridicule or comparison Mr. LITTAUER.. 1\fr. Chairman, I offer the following substi­ of the great staple product of the South, which _produces this tute to the amendment offered by the gentleman from Georgia great wealth for the country and the world, with other insig­ [1\fr. LIVINGSTON] . nificant products of the United States, as the gentleman from The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York [Mr. LIT­ l\fassachusetts [Mr. SuLLIVAN] has undertaken to do. Two­ TAUER] offers a substitute, which the Clerk will report. tllirds of the raw material of cotton raised by · the Southern The Clerk read as follows : States, which · is the cotton-producing country of the world, is For compensation and actual necessary traveling expenses of special exported, to be converted by England. Germany, France, and agents to investigate trade conditions abroad, with the object of pro­ other nations, into manufactured goods for the clothing of moting foreign commerce of the nited States_~. $30,000, and the re­ - the world. But more than that, this great staple crop of the sults of such investigation s~all be reported to congress. South has brought into the United States untold millions of for­ The CHAIRMAN. The question is on agreeing to the substi­ eign gold, and through it has not only made the South prosper­ tute. ous, but the entire counhJ7. In 1905 the value of raw cotton ex­ 1\fr. LITTAUER. Mr. Chairman, the difference between the ported and the by-products of cotton, other than goods manufac­ provision I have offered and the provision offered by the gen­ tured from cotton, brought into the United States $380,000,009 tleman from Georgia [l\lr; LIVINGSTON] is that, in the first of the $400,000,000 of excess of exports over imports for that place, it eliminates the specific cowpensation to be paid to a year. Thls great staple agricultural product of the South pro­ special agent. I believe the gentleman's provision calls for duces annually all of this excess except about $20,000,000. In compensation at the rate of $10 a day, and, secondly, my substi­ five years the cotton crop and its by-products from seed tute omits the words "twenty thousand dollars" as the specified amounted in value to $2,974,000,000, which was $400,000,000 sum to be used in the investigation of markets for cotton prod­ more than the entire output of gold and silver of the world for ucts, and, further, I propose to reduce the total amount appro­ those vears. So that this small sum asked for by this amend­ priated from $50,000 to $30,000. I am in complete sympathy ment fs to be ex.1Jended not simply to aid the farmers and man­ with the end that is sought to be attained with this appropria- ufacturers of the South, but to aid the entire United States, tio~ · which but for this great staple product of our farms would not 1\fr. LIVINGSTON. Then, l\fr. Chairman, why does the gen­ to-day enjoy the prosperity that it does. · tleman cut out cotton, when he knows-- 1\fr. Chairman, I hold in my hand the reports, not those made 1\Ir. LITTAUER. If the gentleman will give me but two by one of our consular agents, but of the special agents ap­ minutes I will try and explain my position. I want to develop pointed under the appropriation made last year to make these the commerce of the United States in every possible way. I investigations, and I hold in my hand the smnmarized report am a manufacturer, even a manufacturer of cotton goods. I of the Chief of the Bureau of Manufactures upon that subject, have read these reports one after the other, for I have been on from which I have quoted. We are informed of the competition the Appropriation Committee which has suggested to the llou e we are to meet and how we are to meet it. These investigations this legislation from its origin. We submitted it originally have been made both in northern and southern China and India through the urgent appeals of the Secretary of Commerce and and South America. The people of the South who are engaged Labor, to the effect that if he could but have a sum so as to in producing this great wealth of our country have outstripped send agents iuto one country and another, he could report to our brethren of the North in the manufacture of cotto.n goods, Congress facts that would enable our manufacturers to extend because, from manufacturing only a small portion thirty years their trade in a ve17 large way. 'l'he result of that first ago, we now manufacture more raw cotton in the South than $30,000 of expenditure was that a professor of the faculty of the in the Northern or Eastern States. And for this great staple University of California was appointed one of the agents. He product of ours, which is turned into cloth for the clotl:iing visited the countries of South and Central America with two of the world, we simply ask that the small sum of $20,000 shall other agents. One of them, I believe, was assistant commis­ be appropriated in order that we may be informed where this sioner at the Paris Exposition, and I believe the other one a trade can best be found and the conditions existing, so we can newspaper writer, who visited various countries, and sent us compete with the world. back these reports, which gentlemen can obtain and read. The gentleman from New York [l\Ir. LITT.A.UER] asked the gen­ Now, gentlemen, you can not develop the trade of the Unitefl tleman from North Carolina [1\fr. THoMAs] if there was · any States by statistics; you can not develop the trade of the proof or any statement that these investigations had b~en of United States · by having a newspaper \Vriter send you :m any benefit. I have in my possession a telegram signed by many attractive description of various conditions of any particular manufacturers of cotton-seed oil in my district, and they have trade in a country, neither can you do it by gathering from appealed to me asking me to see that this appropriation shall guidebooks and trade journals certain peculiarities of trade. be had, because it has been of inestimable benefit to them and If you want to develop the trade of the United States in :my to the manufacturers of cotton-seed oil. I make this state­ particular w!ly, send some competent manufacturer abroad; ment on information furnisheil by gentlemen who are engaged in keep him abroad long enough that he can go into the detail!'! the manufacture of at least $100,000,000 worth of this product of production and distribution that will enable the home manu­ a yei:tr. . . facturer to understand in detail what he must do to compete 1\Ir. Chairman, this product, the cotton of the South, not only with his competitors in that market. I (lo not believe that the brings wealth to the South, as it has done, but it has brought expenditure of the $80,000 already appropriated will ever bring wealth to the entire people of the United States. For more than back $80,000 to· the United States. We are all intensely inter­ three or four years the value of the product has increased from ested in the cotton industry and hope to see it extended year $540,000,000 until the product this year will amount to $650,- after year, as it has in the last half dozen years begun to be 000,000 and more, not for the manufactured product, but for extended in the South, until it conquers a large part of the the raw material. No other product of this country can compare trade of manufactured cotton goods throughout the world. with it except the great corn crop. But you can not do it in this way; you can not do it by The CHAIRMAN. The time. of the gentleman has expired. attractive reports of newspaper men sent around the world. l\lr. BARTLETT. 1\fr. C~airman, I would like just a minute Nor can you aid the cotton-seed people to find a market in more. this way. If the cotton-seed oil industry, trust or otherwise, The CIIAIRMA~. The gentleman from Georgia [1\fr. BART- wants to extend its trade, it has competent men, who thoroughly

. 1906. !JONGRESSIONAL -RECORD--- HOUSE. 369

understand the details of that business; and if this country tern should be the one already most generally recogn'ized· and ·accepted by the people. . . does not furnish a large enough market for their oil they will If Congress shall adhere to the ·form of spelling _already in vogue as send men throughout the worlc1.. and use every shrewd business applied to the statutes, it would appear anomalous to employ some other method to extend tlleir trade, and they will get results that will form as applied to all of the preliminary stages of legislation, inC'lud­ ing the proceedings of Congress, up to the point where. these_ proceed­ inure to their profit. - · ings are crystallized into law, and at this point order a change in the - Now, the appropriation last year as it passed the House was spelling of the perfected legislation to preserve harmony in. the orthog­ amended by an addition of $20,000 to be specially devoted to raphy of the national statutes. The Executive order under which many public documents have al­ cotton. I know nothing about whether it bas resulted in any ready been printed was issued on the 27th day of August, 1906, and ~ood or-not. ·This year we bave been appealed to by various has no'w been in force for more than three months. It has been ex­ manufacturers, by manufacturers _ of machines and machine tensively exploited, and the public has had ample opportunity to digest the arguments presented in its favor. . tools, by boot and shoe manufacturers, and by many other trades .Without taking issue as to the relative merits of any form of spell­ to extend specifically appropriation to cover their particular ing, it is evident that public sentiment as reflected in the newspapers, articles. By the way, there is a report on the boot and shoe magazines, and other publications has not been favorable to the pro· posed innovation embraced in the Executive order of· August-27. • _trade in England. I do not. believe that report is worth-I was It is, therefore, a condition and not a theory with which Congress going to say 10 cents. I do not believe there is a fact in it-and has to deal. It is uot believed that the attitude of the general public I personally deal with leather and leather goods, so that I know would be materially changed if the Government in all its br·anches · were to adopt the form of spelling prescribed in the Executive order re· something about it-that will ever enable an exh·a pair of shoes fen·ed to, and only confusion and expense would result witheut any to be sent out of the country or keep a man in this country a commensurate advantage, even if the new form of spelling were deemed day longer at work. I believe that this entire appropriation preferable. Moreover, Congress ha& no assurance, even if it should leave present. conditions- undisturbed, that the next succeeding Admin­ will lead to no good result. There is a great deal of sentiment istration would not revoke the present order. Much of the matter em­ connected with the question, and a great deal ·of sentiment con­ braced in the publications of the Government is preserved in the form nected with the $20,000 with respect to cotton goods. When of stereotyped or electrotyped plates, representing enormous values to the Government in the saving of labor. and other expense. All of these the United States will no longer provide the best, most profit­ plates would be rendered worthless in a moment by an order in a suc­ able, and most ample market for our manufactures, the energetic, ceeding Administration' revokinl? the Executive order of August 27 last: enterprising mar.ufacturers of our country. will themselves find· The sentiment in Congress 1s such that it must be taken without question. that in the printing done for Congress the standard diction­ the way to extend their trad~ and conquer the markets of the aries will continue to be the accepted authority. If some other form of world. - spelling is to apply to the Executive Departments, it means a dual form . The CHAIRUAl.~. The tim€ of the ge:utleman bas expired:. of spelling in the Government printing. · · Much of the printing that is done for Congress is reproduced in ex­ The question is on .the substitute amendment of ·the gentle­ ecutive documents. Much of the printing that is done for the Execu­ man from New York~ tive Departments is reproduced in Congressional publications. If the 'J'he question 'was taken; and the chairman announced that Government is to have two forms of spelling, this will necessarily _mean double- composition, double stereotyping and electrotyping, double proof 'be was in doubt reading, and other incidental expense. lt will mean a double force of The COmlilittee divided; and there were-ayes 88, noes 70. proof readers, for it is inconceivable that a proof reader could be re­ Mr. HEFLIN. Tellers. . quired to adapt himself to more than one s-ystem of spelling with the expectation of render·ing -efficient seevice. - . Tellers were ordered. · In justice to Government offi_cials, it may be said, an order which The CHAIR~IA.N. The gentleman, from New York [Mr. dictates a particular form of orthography, involving a departure fr·om LITTAUER] and the gentl€man from Georgia [Ur. LrVINGSTON] the recognized standard in popular use, imposes upon the head of ali Executive Department, as well as upon all of his subordinates, a policy will take their places as tellers. that may well be considered in many instances offensive. The committee again divided; and tellers reported-ayes 86, In the opinion of the committee, any departure fr·om the recognized noes 77. . - . . . . standards of orthography can not with safety, satisfaction, or econ­ omy be taken until Congress and the Executive -shall agree upon the So the substitute amendment was agreed to. adoption of other orthographic methods. · The CHAIRMAN. The question now is upon agreeing to the Tlle SPEAKER. Is there objection? [After a pause.] T_be amendment as amended. Chair hears none. The question is on agreeing to the resolution• . The question was taken ; and the amendment as amended was 1\Ir. GILLETT. Will .the gentleman y~eld to me a minut~? agreed to. Mr. CHARLES B. LANDIS. I will. . 1\fr. BINGHAM. I move that the committee do now rise. 1\Ir. GILLETT. I want to say one word, because if this reso­ The motion was agreed to. lution goes tbrough by unanimous consent without explanation The committee accordingly rose, and the Speaker, having re­ it might look as if everybody who believed in the simplifie ad­ herence to the original spelling is found in the majority of instances. gentleman from· Ohio -to extend his remarks? The spelling in the original statutes reflects the forms of spelling in There was no objection. ' - vogue at the time of their enactment. ;L\fr. GROSVENOR. The sfatufe in question was passed in ;l'he various codifications of the statutes reflect the spelling in \Ogue at the time of the adoption of such codifications. _ 13G2, in the reign of King Edward III, and is as ·follows: The last codification adopted was in 1878. T)le Statutes at Large CAP. XV.-Pleas shall be pleaded in the English tongue, and inrolled now number fourteen volumes, covering a period of twenty-eight years. in Latin. - Each volume reflects the spelling in vogue at the time of the enactment Item, because it is often showed to the King by the prelates, dukes, of the statutes embt·aced therein. earls, barons, and all the commonalty of the great mischiefs which have \ . A new codification is about to be presented to Congress. ntil Con­ happened to divers of the realm, because the laws, customs, and statutes I gress shall see fit to order the printing of this proposed codification of of this realm be not commonly hol~.en and kept in the same realm, for the statutes, embracing all the enactments of the law-making powe-r of that they be pleaded, shewed, an

reasonably the said. laws and customs the rather shall be perceived and .ADJOURNMENT. known, and better tmderstood in tho tongue used in the said realm, and by so much every man ( ~ the said realm may the better govern 1\Ir. BINGHAl\l. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House do now. himself without offending o~ ihe law, and the better keep, save, and adjourn. defend his heritage and possessions ; ( 3) and in divers regions and countries, where the King, the nobles, and other of the said realm have The motion was agreed. to. been, good governance and full right is done to every person, because Accordingly (at 5 o'clock and 5 mhmtes p. m.) the House ad· that their laws and customs be learned and used in the tongue of the journed. country ; ( 4) the King, desiring the good go-vernance and tranquillity oi his people, and to put out and eschew the harms and mischiefs which do or may happen in this behalf by the occasions aforesaid, hath EXECUTIVE COUl\IUNICATIONS. ordained and established by the assent aforesaid, that all pleas which shall be. pleaded in any courts whatsoever, before ::my of his justices Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, the following executive com· whatsoever, or in his other places, or before any of hi other ministers munications were taken from the Speaker's table and referred whatsoever, or in the courts and places of :my other lords . whatsoever as follows : within the realm, shall be pleaded,. shewed, defended, answered, de­ bated, and judged in the English tongue and that they be entered and A letter from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting a: inrolled in Latin; (5) and that the Jaws and customs of the same copy of a memorial of the Chickasaw legislature in reference to realm, terms, and processes, be holden and kept as they be and have sale of coal and asphalt lands-to the Committee on Indian Af- · been before .this time; (6) and that by the ancient terms and forms · of the declarations no man be prejudiced, so that the mattel' of the fairs, and ordered to be printed. action be fully shewed in the declaration and in the writ. ( 7) And it A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a is accorded by the assent aforesaid that this ordinance and statute of copy of a letter from the Secretary of War submitting an esti­ pleading begin . and hold place at the fifteenth of St. Hillary next coming. mate of appropriation for dredging and piers at Jamesto\Yn Ex­ position-to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be Thus it will be seen that the English language became ours printed. first, by the statute itself here cited, and second, by our in­ A letter from the Secretary of War, requesting attention to heritance. While it may be true that we do not in terms in the the accumulation of useless papers in his Department-to the United States adopt the common law of England in all our mat­ Joint Committee on Disposition of Useless Papers, and ordered ters of legislation, it is equally true that the pioneers who came to ue printed. to Jamestown believed that they brought with them the common /- law of England as their guide, and for all these years sl.nce the A letter from the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, transmit· reign of Edward iii, more than five hundred years, the English tirig a copy of a letter from the Assistant Secretary of Com­ merce and Labor, submitting an estimate of appropriation f01; a language as specified in the dictionaries of the language bas been site for a house and an outbuilding at Dulutll (1\linn.) range the true language of the English speaking people. It would seem, light station:-to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered therefore, that the standards which have built up the language to be .printed. . . are the proper guides to the present condition, and that the A letter from the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, submitting changes must come more gradually, as they have been coming, nn estimate of appropriations for rent of additional quarter~ for and which will no doubt in the long run continue to moqify the Auditor :(or the Navy Depnrtment-to the Committee on Ap­ the orthography of the language to a full and satisfactory propriations, and ordered to be printed. result. .A. . letter from the Secretary of War, recommending legislation The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the resolu­ to regulate the compensation of the superintendent of the na­ tion. tional cemetery at Arlington-to the Committee on Military Af­ (j The resolution was agreed to. fairs, and ordered to be printed. LEAvE TO EXTEND REMARKS. A letter from the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, submitting 1\Ir. BARTLETT. Mr. Speaker, I desire the privilege of ex­ a detailed statement of the expenses of the Revenue-Cutter tending my remarks on the amendment to the appropriation bill. Service for the fiscal year ended June 30, 190G---to the Con.u:nit­ The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Georgia asks unani­ tee on Expenditures in the Treasm·y Depar-qnent, and ordered.to mous consent to extend his remarks in the RECORD. . be printed. . 1\Ir. BURLESON. 1\Ir. Speaker, I also ask the same privilege. A letter from the Acting S.ecretary of the Treasury, transmit­ The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Texas makes the same ting a COJJY of a letter from the Secretary of War submittiug an request. Is there objection to either request? estimate of appropriation for construction and maintenance of · l\1r. TIIO~IAS of North Carolina. I also make the same re­ military and post roads, bridges, and trails in Alaska-to the quest. Committee on· Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from North Carolina [1\Ir. .A letter from the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, transmit­ THOMAS] also makes the same request. Is there objection? ting a copy of a letter from the Secretary of War submitting an There was no objection. estimate of urgent appropriation for pay of the :Military Acad­ SENATE BILL REFERRED. emy-to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be Under <;lause 2, Rule XXIV.... Senate bill of the following title printed. was taken from the Speaker's table and referred to its. appro­ A. letter from the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, transmit­ priate committee, as indicated below: ting a copy of a letter from the Acting Secretary of State sub· S. 6855 . .An act to amend the act approved August 19, 1890, mitting an estimate of appropriation for expenses of the Inter.­ entitled ".A.n act to adopt regulations for preventing collisions national Water Boundary Commission-to the Committ e on . at sea "-to the Committee on the 1\Ierchant Marine and Fish­ Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. _ eries. A letter from the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, transmit­ ting a copy of a letter from the Secretary of tlle Interior submit­ RESIGNATION OF REPRESENTATIVE PATTERSON, OF TENNESSEE. ting an estimate of appropriation for expenses of .hearings on The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communi­ land entries and of depositing public moneys-to the Committee cation: on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. COMMITTEE ON IKSULAR AFFAIRS, A letter from the Secretary of the Interior, submitting a re-­ HOUSE OF REPHES.EXTATIVES, Washington, D. 0., Decembe1· 13, 1906. port of disbursements for the fiscal year ended June 30, l!>OG, To the SPEAKER : for colleges of agriculture and mechanic arts in the several I herewith tender my resignation as a Member of the Fifty-ninth States and Territories-to the Committee on Expenditures in Congress, to take effect on the 15th day of January. 1007. the Interior Department, and ordered to be printed. I have the honor to inclose a copy of a letter addressed to the Hon. .John I . Cox, governor of Tennessee, notifying him of my said resigna­ -A letter from the Secretary of the Interior, submitting a copy tion. of a memorial of the Chickasaw legislature relative to public I ha-ve the honor to. be, respectfully, highways in the nation-to the Committee on Indian Affairs, l\1. R. PATTEllSO:\', Member of Congress, Tenth District 1'ennessee. and ordered to be printed. . , A letter from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting a DECE:'IIBER 13, 1906. memorial of the Chickasaw legislature protesting against the IILs Excellency JoH~ I. Co.x:~ enrollment of certain children, and transmitting an opinion of Gorcnwr of Tennessee. the As istant Attor.ney-General in the case of Ethel Pier on-to Srn : I have the honor· to notify you that I have this day tendered my resignation as a Member of the Fifty-ninth Congress to the Speaker the Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be printed. of the House of Hepresentatives, said resignation to take effect Jan- A letter from the Secretary of War, submitting papers relating uary 15, 1907. . to the claim of Gutierrez Hermanos-to the Committee on A copy of said resignation is herein inclosed. I have the honor to be, respectfully, Claims, and ordered to be printed. · M. R .• PATTERSO~, · A letter from the Secretary of the ~avy, transmitting, in ac­ Member of Oongt·ess, 'J'enth District Tennessee. cordance with the act of June 29, 1906, certain documents per­ 'l'he SPEAKER. If there be no objection, this communica­ tc'lining to the construction or a new vessel for the Navy-to the tion will lie on the table. Committee on Naval Affairs, end ordered to be printed. , 1 1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 371 - A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a 1\lr. AIKEN, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was copy of a letter from the Secretary o! the Interior submitting an referred tile bill of the House (H. R. 19648) granting an iPcrease estimate of appropriation for contingent expenses of the Terri­ of pension to Sarah A. 'Vilson, reported the same with amend­ torial legislature of New l\!exico-to the Committee on Appro­ ment, accompanied by a report (No. 5437) ; which said bill and priations, and ordered to be 'printed. report were referred to tile Private Calendar. · l\Ir. RICHARDSON of Ala-bama, from the Committee on Pen­ sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 197t3) REPORTS OF CO:l\11\IITTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS AND granting an increase of pension to l\Iary B. 1\Iason, reported RESOLUTIONS. the same with amendment,- accompanied by a report (No. Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, private bills and resolutions of 5438) ; which said bill and report ·were referred to the Private the following titles were se'\"erally reported from committees, Calendar. delivered to the Clerk, and referred to the Committee of the l\1r. AIKEN, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was Whole House, as follows : referred the bill of the House (H. R. '19715) granting an increase 1\Ir. l\IACON, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was of pension to Susan l\1. Brunsonn, reported the same with referred the bill of the House (H. R. 9250) granting an incr~a s e amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5439) ; which said of pension to Obediah B. Nation, reported the same with amend­ bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. ment, accompanied by a report (No. 5423) ; which said bill and He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the report were referred to the Private Calendar. bill of the House (H. R. 19716) granting an increase of pension lie also, from the same committee, to which was referred the to l\lary F . Johnson, reported the same with amendment, ac­ bill of the H ouse (H. R. 148G2) granting an increase of pension companied by a report (No. 5440) ; which said bill and report to Ann E. White, reported the same with amendment, accom­ were referred to the Private Calendar. panied by a report (No. 542-:1:) ; which said bill and report were 1\Ir. MACON, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was· referred to the Private Calendar. referred the bill of the House (H. R. 19722) granting an in­ l\Ir. BENNETT of Kentucky, from the Committee on Pensions, crease of pension to William II. Burns, reported the same with to which was referred the bill of t he House (II. R. 16249) grunt­ amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5441) ; which said ing an increase of pension to Thomas Miller, reported the s~me bill and report were referred to tile Private Calendar. with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5425) ; which 1\Ir. AIKEN, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. referred the bill of the House (H. R. 19818) granting an in­ 1\fr. RICHARDSON of Alabama, from the Committee on Pen­ crease of pension to William F. Clinkscale, reported the same• sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 1G3R9) with .amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5442) ; which granting a pension to Jeffer on Wilcox, reported the same with said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5426) ; which said 1\Ir. BE:~INETT of Kentucky, from the Committee on Pensions, bill and report were referred. to the Private Calendar. to whicil was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 19907) l\Ir. RICHARDSON of Kentucky, from the Committee on Pen­ granting an increase of pension to James Butler, reported the sions, to which was referred the bill Of the House (II. R. 164~ ) same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5443); granting an increase of pension to Charles Hopkins, reported tile which said bill and report were referred to the Private Cal­ same witil amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5427); endar. which said bill and report were referred to the Pri'\"ate CalenCinr. l\Ir. l\IACON, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was l\1r. RICHARDSON of Alabama, from the Committee on Pen­ referred the bill of the House (H. R. 19923) granting an in­ sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 165-!6 ) crease of pension to Bettie Ferguson, reported the same without granting an increase of pension to Louis F. Beeler, reported the amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5444) ; which said same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 542ti); bill and report were referred to· the Private Calendar. which said bill and report were referred to the Pri'\"ate Calendar. 1\fr. RICHARDSON of Alabama, from the Committee on Pen~ l\fr. 1\IA.CON, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. referred the bill of the House (H. R. 18608) granting an in­ 19998) granting an increase of pension to Eunice Cook, re­ crease of pension to l\Iary E. Sh·ickland, reported the same with ported the same with amendment, accompanied by a report amendment, accompanied by a report (No. G429) ; which said (No. 5445) ; which said bill and report were referred to the bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. Private Calendar. · l\Ir. DICKSON of Illinois, from the Committee on Pensions, l\fr. AIKEN, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 18677) grant­ referred the bill of the House (H. R. 20087) granting an in­ ing a pen ion to Martin A. Luther, reported the same with crease of pension to Cassia C. Tyler, reported the same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5430) ; wilich said amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5446); which said bill and report were referred to tile Private Calendar. bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. 1\Ir. l\IACON. from the Committee on Pensions, to which was He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the referred the bill of the House (H. R. 18758) granting an in­ bill of th House (H. R. 20088) granting an increase of pension crease of pension to l\1ary A. Daniel', reported the same with to l\Iary J. '.rhurmond, reported the same with amendment, ac­ amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5431) ; which said companied by a report (No. . 5447) ; which said bill and report bill and report were referred to the Pri'\"ate Calendar. \>ere referred to the Private Calendar. 1\Ir. LONGWORTH, from the Committee on Pensions, to He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 18791) grant­ bill of the House (H. R. 20146) granting an increase of pension ing a pension to l\Iichael Bocoskey, reported tile same with to Harriet C. Kenney, reported the same with amendment, ac­ amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5432) ; which said companied by a report (No. 5448) ; which said bill and report bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. were referred to the Private Calendar. l\lr. l\I.ACON, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was He al o, from the same committee, to which was referred the referred the bill of the House (H. R. 19363) granting an in­ bill of the House (H. R. 20166) granting an increase of pension crease of pension to 'l'lleodore Bland, reported the same with to Sarah Salmon, reported the same with amendment, accom­ amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5433) ; which said panied by a report (No. 5449) ; which said bill and report were bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. referred to the Private Calendar. 1\Ir. RI HA.llDSON of Alabama, from tlJe Committee on Pen­ Be al o, from the same committee, to which was referred the sions, to which was referred. the bill of the House (H. R. 19510) bill of the House (H. R. 20198) granting an increase of pension granting an increase of pension to Hic!1ard B. West, reported to l\Iary E. 1\laddox, reported the .same with amendment, ac­ the same without amendment, accompanied by a report (No. companied by a report (No. 5450) ; which said bill and report 5434) ; which said bill and report were referred to the Private were referred to the Private Calendar. Calendar. He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the hlr. ·1\IA.CON, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was bill of the House (H. R. 20219) granting an increase of pension referred. the bill of the House (II. R. 19577) granting an increase to Ellen Downing, reported the same with amendment, ac­ of pen ion to Mary L. Patton, reported the same with amend­ companied by a report (No. 5451) ; which said bill and report ment, accompanied by a report (No. 5435) ; which said bill and were referred to the Private Calendar. report were referred to the Private Calendar. 1\Ir. CAMPBELL of Kansas, from the Committee on Pen­ He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 20250) bill of the House (H. R. 19579) granting an increase of pension granting an increase of pension to Thomas 1\IcBride, reported to Robert 1\Iayfield, reported the same with amendment, accom­ the same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5452) ; panied by a report (No. 543G) ; which said bill and report were which said bill and report were referred to the Priva~e Cal­ referred to the Private Calendar. endar. 372 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD-HOUSE. DECEl\fBER 13'

Mr. AIKE)l, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was By l\fr. SULLOWAY: A bill (H. R. 22341) making an appro­ referred the bill of tbe HG-Jse (H. R. 20269) granting an increase priation toward the construction of a dry dock at the Ports­ of pension to ~arab A. Gallowa;:, reported the same with amend­ mouth Navy-Yard-to the Committee on Navnl Affairs. ment, accompanied by a report (No. 5453) ; which said bill anll By 1\Ir. · STANL.EJY : A bill (II. R. 22342) for the erection of a reuort were referred to the Private Calendar. public building at Hopkinsville, Ky.-to the Committee on Pub­ Mr. MACON, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was lic Buildings and Grounds. referred tbe bill of tb-e House (H. n.. 20357) granting an in­ By Mr. BABCQCK : A bill (H. R. 22343) to provide for the crease of pension to Jane Auldridge, reported . the same with erection of a District of Columbia building and an appropriate amend1.eent, acc.a mpanied by a report ( To. 5454) ; which said exhibit therein at the JaJ;llestown Ter-Centennial ExpositiQn, and bill and report were referred to tbe Private Calendar. _ for otller purposes-to the Committee on the District of Co­ He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the lumbia . . bill of the Hou'"e (H. R. 203G8) granting an increase of pension By l\Ir. WEBB: A bill (H. R. 22344) to provide for the erec­ to Otis E. Rush, reported -tbe saffie with amendment, accom­ tion of a public building at Hickory, N. C.-to the Committee panied by a report (No. 5453) ; which said bill and report wei'e on Public Buildings and Grounds. referred to tbe Private Calendar. Also, a bill (H. R. 22345) to provide for the erection of a · Mr. AIKEN, from tbe Committee on Pensions, to which was public building at Gastonia, N. C.-to the Committee on Public referred tlle bill of tbe House (H. R. 20391) granting an increase Buildings and Grounds. of pension to Mary Jane 1\Ieldri.m, reported the same with amend­ By 1\lr. BURNETT: A bill (II. R. 22346) to authorize the ment, accompanied by a report (No. 5456) ; which said bill and Secretary of the Interior to sell the lands in Mays Gulf of r('port were referred to the Private Calendar. Little River, Alabama-to the Committee on the Public Lands. 1\:fr. RICHARDSON of Alabama, from the· Committee on Pen­ By 1\Ir. BROOKS of Colorado: A bill (H. R. 22347) to amend sions, to w hicll was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 2042-1) an act entitled "An act to provide for tbe final dispo ition of granting an increase of pension to George W .. ''Vheeler, reported the affairs of the Five Ci'\rilized Tribes in the Indian Territory, tile same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5-±57) ; and :Cor other purposes, approved April 26, 1906"-to the Com- wilich said bill and r eport were referred to the Pri"n:tte Calendar. mittee on Indian Affairs. · Ur. RICHARDSON of Kentucky, from the Committee on. Pen­ By 1\Ir. PAGE: A bill (H. R. 22348) authorizing a public sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 21142) building at Monroe, N. C.-to the Committee on Public- Build­ granting an increase of pension to Joseph Rose, reported the ings and Grounds. same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 543S); By 1\Ir. HOUSTON: A bill (H. R. 22349) to increase the which said bil1 and report were i·eferred to the Private Calendar. amount fixed as the limit of cost of site and building at 1\fur­ Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama, from the Committee on Pen­ free ~boro, Tenn.-to the Committee on Public Buildings and sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 2e16) Grounds. granting an increase of pension to Eliza J. l\fcCardel, reported By Mr. HULL: ..A:. bill (H. R. 223GD) to authorize tile 1:ecorder the same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 5459) ; of deeds of the District of Columbia to recopy old records in which said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendnr. his office, and for otiler purposes-to the Committee on the Dis­ He also, from the same com.nlittee, to which was referred tlle h'ict of Columbia. bill of the House (H. R. 21578) granting an increase of pension By 1\Ii'. DIXON of Montana: A bill (II. R. 22351) to survey to A. J. Gashey, reported tlle same with amendment, accompa­ and allot the lands embraced within the limits of the Blackfeet nied by a report (No. 54GO) ; which said bill and report werl' re­ Indian Reservation, in the State of :Montana, and to open tile ferred to the Private Calendar. surplus lands .to settlement-to the Comm:h.tee on Indian Affairs. 1\Ir. FULLER, from the Committee on Invalid PensionR, to By Mr. KLINE: A bill (H. R. 22352) to amend sections 2 which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 7211) granting and 3 of an act appro\ed May 9, 1900, in amendment of sections a pension to James C. Southerland, reported the same mth 2 and 3 of an act entitled "An act granting pensions to soldiers amendment, accompanied by a report (Ko. 5461) ; which s2id and sailors who are incapacitated for the performance of man­ bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. ual labor, and providing for pension to widows, minor children, l\Ir. DEEMER, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, to and dependent parents," approYed June 27, 1 00-to the Com- which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 18582) granting mittee on Invalid Pensions. · - a pension to Josephine Hoffman, reported the same with nmf'nd­ By :Mr. LACEY : A bill (H. R. 22353) establishing a minimum ment, accompanied by a report (No. 5462) ; which said bill and rnte of pensions for so_ldiers of the ciyil -vim·-to the Comruittee report were referred to the Private Calendar. on Invalid Pensions. By l\fr. BURTON of Delaware: A bill (II. R·. 22354) to pro­ yide for the i.n1provement of Broad Creek Rh·er, Delaware--to . PUBLIC BILLS, RESOLUTIONS, AND 1\IE~IORIALS. the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. Under clau.se 3 of Rule XXII, bills, resolutions, and memorials By 1\Ir. RIVES: A bill (II. R. 223G5) to provide for the erec­ cf the following titles were introduced and severally refeTreLl as tion of a public building at Litchfield, Ill.-to the Committee on follows: · Pub-lic Buildings and Grounds. . By 1\Ir. GARNER: A bill (II. R. 22332) to construct a canal By Mr. STEPHENS of Texas: A bill (H. R. 22356) tor move from Rio Grande to Mississippi Ri'"er-to the Committee on restrictions on the sale of certain lands in the Indian Territory, Rivers and Harbors. and for other purposes-to the Committee on Indian Affairs. . By l\1r. DRESSER : A bill (H. R. 22333) to provide for the · By l\fr. BIRDSALL: A joint resolution (II. J. Res. 20-±) ills­ erection of a public building at Bradford, Pa.-to the Committee approving certai-n laws enacted by the legislative assembly of on Public Buildings and Grounds. the Territory of New 1\Iexic~to the Committee on the Terri­ By Mr. LEVER: A bill (H. R. 22334) to amend an act to reg­ ·tories. ulate the sitting of the United States courts within the district By ~Ir. HAYES: A resolution (H. Res. 6GO) requesting cer­ of South Carolina-to the Committee on the Judiciary. tain information of the Secretary of War concerning the Cllinese By Ur. POLLARD: A bill (H. R. 22335) to amend section 2 and Japanese coolies now employed on the Pan~a Canal-to of the act of June 27, 1890, entitled "An act grantino- pen ions the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. to soldiers and sailors who are incapacitated. for the perform­ By Mr. 'VACHTER: A resolution (H. Res. G1) authorizing ance of manual labor nud providing for pensions to widows, the chairman of the Committee on Enrolled Bills to appoint .an minor children, and dependent parents "-to the Committee on additional clerk-to the Committee ou Accounts. Invalid Pensions. By l\Ir. SHERl\I.AN: A resolution (H. Res. GG2) concerning By 1\Ir. Ul\'DERWOOD: .A bill (H. R. 22336) for the better the pay of employees of the folding room-to the Committee on protection of depositors and creditors of national banks-to Accounts. · the Committee on Banking and Currency. By 1\Ir. GRONNA: A bill (H. R. 22337.) to increase the com­ PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS I~"TRODUCED. pensation of rural mail carriers-to the Committee on the Post­ Office and Post-Roads. Under clause 1 of Rule ~"'XII, private bills and resolutions of By· 1\Ir. RANSDELL of Louisiana : A bill (H. R. 22338) to the following titles were inh·oduced and severally referred as bridge Bayou Bartholomew, in Louisiana-to the Committee on follow15·: Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By 1\Ir. BARTHOLDT: A bill ·(H. R. 22357) granting an in­ Also, a bill (H. R. 22339) appropriating $250,000 to eradicate crease of pension to Silas Chase-t;~ the Committee on Invalid the Texas fever tick-to the Committee on Agriculture. Pensions. By 1\lr. WATKINS: A bill (H. R. 22340) to provide for a Also, a bill (H. R. 22358) granting an increase of pen

Also, a bill (H. R. 22428) granting a pension to Dora -T. Also, a bill (H.- R. -22461) granting a iiension to George A. Bristol-to tile Committee on Invalid Pensions. De Voe-to tile Committee on Pensions. By :Mr. LILLEY of Pemt~')'J> · ania : A bill (H. R. 22429) grant­ By Mr. THO~IAS of N9rth Carolina: A bill (H. R. 224G2) ing a pension to George R. Woodruff-to the Committee on In­ granting an increase of pension to Aaron Chamberlain-to the valid Pensions. Committee on Invalid Pensions. By 1\fr. LONGW"ORTH: A bill- (H. R. 22430) granting an By Mr. TRIMBLE: A bill (H. R. 22463) granting a pension increase of pension to Alonzo C. llorton-to the Committee on to Virgil H. Parks-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 22464) granting a pension to Berthina · By l\lr. l\lcKINLA.Y of California: A bill (H. R. 22431) grant­ Cold-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ing an increase of pension to Alden Youngman-to the Commit­ Also, a bill (II. R. 22465) granting an increase of pension to tee on Inyalid Pensions. George Hoffer-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By l\lr. 1\IADDE.N: A bill (H. R. ·22432) granting an increase Also, a bill (H. R. 2246G) granting an increase of pension to of pension to Charles F. 1\Iatteson-to the Committee on In­ Walter Florida-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. valid Pensions. By l\fr. WEEKS: A bill (H. R. 22467) granting an increase By ~Ir. MOON of 'Iennessee: A. bill (II. R. 22433) granting of pension to Thomas A. Bailey-to the Committee on Invalid :m increase of pen ion to Andrew J. l\Ioore-to the Committee Pensions. · on Invalid Pensions. By 1\Ir. WACHTER: A bill (H. R. 22468) granting an in­ By }\fr. NELSOX: A bill (H. R. 22434) granting an increase crease of pension to William Kelso-to the Committee on In­ of ven Ion to Peter McCormick-to the Committee on Invalid valid Pensions. Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 224G9) granting an increase of pension to AlEo, a bill (H. R. 22435) granting an increase of pension to William S. ·Mooney-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. · Knud n. Syveraid-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. · By l\fr. WOODYARD: A bill (H. R. 22470) granting an in­ By 1\Ir. NEVIN: A bill (H. R. 22436) granting an increase of crease of pension to Flavius J. Ruley-to the Committee on pen.•ion to Franklin Moore-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ Invalid Pensions. sions. . Also, a bill (II. R. 22437) granting an increase of pension to Louis A. Thomp~on-to tbe Committee on Invalid Pensions. CIIANGE OF REFERENCE. Also, a bill (H. R. 224:38) granting an increase of pension to Under clause 2 of Rule XXII, committees were discharged Joseph II. Beck-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. from the consideration of bills of tile following titles; whicll By Mr. OTJEN: A bill (H. R. 22439) granting an increase were thereupon referred as follows· : of pension to Martin N. Briggs-to the Committee on Invalid A. bill (II. R. 14998) for the relief of John Siluffelbarger­ Pensions. Committee on War Claims discharged, and referred to the Com­ By Mr. PEARRE: A bill (H. R. 22440) granting an increase mittee on 1\Iilitary Affairs. of pension to Daniel l\Iose-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ A bill (H. R. 21701) for the relief of Joseph V. Cunningham sions. and other officers of the Pililippine Volunteers-Committee on 1\..lso, a bill (II. R. 22±±1) granting an inci·ease of pension to Claims discharged, and referred to the Committee on War Jacob 1\Iose-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. . Claims. By Mr. POLLARD : A bill (H. R. 22442) granting an increase A bill (H. R. 22073) granting an increase of pension to Eliza of pensi~n to Joiln Clark-to the Committee on Invalid Pen- l\I. Scott..;_Committee on _Invalid . Pensions discharged,. and re­ sions. · ferred to the Committee on Pensions. By Mr. POWERS : A bill (H. R . 22443) granting an increase A bill (H. R. 22084) granting an increase of pension to Joseph of. pension to Lyman S. Strickland-to the Committee· on In- W. Jenkins-Committee on Invalid Pensions discharged, and re· valid Pensions. · ferred to the Committee on Pensions. By l\Ir. RICHARDSON of Kentucky: A bill (II. R. 22444) .A bill (II. R 220D5) granting an increase of pension to Wil granting an increase of pension to W. 0. Anderson-to the Com­ liam C. l\fontgomery-Committee on Invalid Pensions dis· mittee on Invalid Pensions. charged, and referred to tile Committee on Pensions. By Mr. RIXEY: A bill (II. R. 22445) granting a pension to Adaline T. Fisher-to tile Committee ·on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 22446) granting a pension to William F. PETITIONS, ETC. 1\Iyers-to the Committee ~n Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 22447) granting an increase of pension to Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, the. following petitions and Frank Schadler-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. papers were laid on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: By l\Ir. SHERMAN : A bill (H. R. 22448) granting a pension By the SPEAKER: Petition of Lodge N'o. 178 of th~ Bakery to F. Medora Johnson-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. and Confectionery Workers of America and other labor organi­ By Mr. S.MITH of California: A bill '(H. R. 22449) granting zations, favoring the 1\Ierchant Marine Commission shipping a. pension to Charles L. Wood-to the Committee on Invalid bill-to the Committee on the Merchant Mru·ine and Fisheries. Pensions. By Mr. AIKEN: Petition of Greenwood Council', No. 19, By Mr. Sl\IITII of Pennsylvania: A bill (H. R. 22450) grant­ Junior Order United American Mechanics, favoring restriction ing an incr~ase of pension to Samuel ·w. Brewer-to tile Com­ of immigration (S. 4403)-to the Committee on Immigration mittee on Invalid Pensions. and Naturalization. By Ur. SAMUEL W. SMITH: A bill (H. R. 22451) granting Also, paper to accompany bill for relief of Eliza 0. Calvard­ an increase of pension to John McCaslin-to the Committee on to the Committee on Pensions. Invalid Pensions. By Mr. ALEXANDER: Petition of C. Tussing, of Tonawanda, Also, a bill (H. R. 22452) granting an increase of pension to N. Y., against section 1, subsection 9, of the copyright bill, rela­ William A. Nan·in-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. tive to the feature against mechanical musical instn1ments-to By Mr. STERLING : A bill (H. R. 22453) granting an . in­ the Committee on Patent . crea 'e of pension to William Swendeman-to the Committee on By 1\Ir. BAROHFELD : Pa11ers to accompany bills for relief Invalid Pensions. · of Jolln Hand, Isaac N. Bliss, and 'Villiam J. Turpin-to the Also, a bill (H. R. 22454) granting an increase of pension to Committee on Invalid Pensions. Henry R. Darst-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, petition of the Spanish-American Memorial Association, Also, a bill (H. · R. 22r5) granting a pension to Louisa Fil­ for an appropriation to erect at Washington, D. C., an appro­ ley-to tbe Committee on Invalid Pensions. priate memorial of the Spanish war-to the Committee on the By Ir. SULLOWXY: A bill (H. R. 2245G) granting a pen­ Library. sion to Ella Fall-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By· 1\Ir. BARTHOLDT: Petition of national committee of the By :Mr. 'l'A. WNEY: A bill (H. R. 22457) granting an increase Spanish War Veterans, for restoration of the Army canteen at of pen. ion to Julia Churchill-to the Committee on Invalid Pen- military posts-to the Committee on Military Affairs. 8ions. By 1\Ir. BARTLETT: Petition of Macon Council, No. 9, Also, a bill . (H. R. 22±58) granting an increase of pension to Junior Order United American l\Iechanics, favoring restrict!on Lewis Redding-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. of immigration (S. 4403)-to the Committee on Immigration Ey Ur. TAYLOR of Ohio:. A bill- (H. R. 224.59) granting an and NatuTalization. increa e of pension to James Tetlo\v-to the Committee on Pen- By l\fr. BELL of Georgia: ·raper -~. o accompany bill for relief sions. · . of William 0. Phillips-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. . Also, a b;ll (H. R. 224GO) granting an increase of pension to .Also, paper to accompany bill for relief of Benjamin James­ Ja~ob Bower-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. to the Committee on Pensions. 1906. 'CONGRESSIONAL- RECORD-HOUSE. 375

By Mr. BENl\TET of N~w York: Paper to accompany bill for No.1; Chicag-o Trades Union Label Leag'Q.e; Cigar Packers'·In­ relief of Louisa L. Wood-to thP. CoiDIDittee on Invalid Pensions. ternational Union, Local No. 227; Coopers' International Union, By -Mr. BOUTELL: Resohrdons of sundry labor

for · relief of Charles E. Pratt-to the Committee ·on Invalid Daughters of LibertY; of Lansdale, Pa., favoring restriction of Pensions. immigration (S. 4403)-to the Committee on Immigration and By .Mr. KNAPP~ ResolutiG::ts of Pomona Grange, Jefferson Naturalization. · County, N. Y., for reduction of duties on Philippine products­ By 1\fr. WEBB : Papers to accompany bills for relief of 1\Iary to the "Committee on Ways and Means. C. Jones, l\Iary Ann Cody, Margaret L. James, Susan Baker,. By Mr. LAFEAN: Petition of the Fruit Growers' Association l\lary Levina Williams, and Isabel Manney-to the Committee of Adams County, Pa., for legislation to secure admission of on Pensions. · American fruit to German markets at minimum duties-to the By 1\fr. WOOD: Petition of the Somerset. (N. J.) Democrat, Committee on Foreign Affairs. against tariff on linotype machines-to the Committee on Ways Also, petition of the Federation of Trades Unions of York, and 1\Ieans. . Pa., ·for the ship-subsidy bill-to the Committee on the Merchant l\Iarine and Fisheries. Also; paper to accompany bill for relief of · Andrew Rick­ HOUSE ·pF REPRESENTATIVES. rods-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. FnmAY, Decembe1' 14, 1906. Also, paper to accompany bill for relief of Ella K. Wolf-to • the Committee on Invalid Pensions. · 'rhe House met at 12 o'clock noon. ~1\J.so, paper to accompany bill for relief of Annie K . . Sloth- Pl-ayer by the Chaplain, Rev. HENRY N. Co.UDEN, D. D . . ow.er-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. · The Journal of the proceedings of yesterday was rea.d and Also, paper to accompany bill for l'elief of Louis N. Brady­ a.vproved. to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. WITHDRAWAL OF PAPERS. Also, paper to accompany bill for relief of John Roth-to 1\fr. SPERRY, by unanimous consent, was given leave to with­ the Committee on Invalid Pensions. draw from the files of the House, without leaving copies, pa­ By 1\fr. LAWRENCE: Petition of the Telegram, Holyoke, pers in the case of William C. Manning (H. R. 1857, Fifty­ 1\Iass., against tariff on linotype machines-to the Committee eighth Congress), no adve1~se report having been made thereon. on Ways and 1\Ieans. By 1\Ir.· LEE: Petition of l\Iary E. Rainey, heir of Thomas R. PENSION DAY. Couche, deceased, praying for reference of her claim to the· l\lr. SULLOWAY. 1\lr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent Court of Claims-to the Committee on War Claims. that bills on the Private Calendar in order to-day shall be in By 1\fr. ·LILLEY of Connecticut: Paper to accompany bill order to-morrow immfidiately after the approval of the Journal. for relief of Edwin W. Brayman-to the Committee on Invalid The ·SPEAKER. The gentleman from New Hampshire asks Pensions. unanimous consent that bills on the Private Calendar in order Also, paper to accompany bill for relief of Dora T. Bristol­ to-day shall be in order to-morrow immediately after the ap• to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. proval of the Journal. Is there objection? [After n. pause.] Also, petition of William l\Iarvin et al., for an appropriation to Tlle Chair bears none. open, widen, and deepen the channel of Eightmile Ri>er, in LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE, AND JUDICIAL BILL. Lyme, Conn.-to tlle Committee on Rivers and Harbors. By 1\Ir. LITTAUER: Paper to accompany bill for relief of 1\lr. BINGHAM. . l\Ir. Speaker, I move that the House re­ Mary S. Houghtaling-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. solve itself into Collllllittee of the Whole House on the state of By 1\Ir. l\lcKINNEY: Petition of the Business l\Ien's Associa­ the Union for the further consideration of the bill H. R. 21574, tion and the city council of Rock Island,. Ill., for an appropria-. the legislative, executive, and judicial appropriation bill. tion to improve the upper Mississippi River-to the Committf'e The motion was agreed to. - on Rivers and Harbors. · Accordingly the House resolved itself into Committee of the By 1\fr. 1\IOON ol Tennessee: Paper to accompany bill for Whole House on the state of the Union, with 1\Ir. HEPBURN in relief of Andrew J. Moore, of Hamilton County, Tenn.-to the the chair. · . . Committee on Pension.'3. • 'l1he Clerk, proceeding with the reacUng of the bill, read as B~· ~Ir. OL-:\ISTED :. Petitions of Annville Council, No. 954; follows: SwataTa (Middletown, Pa.) Council, No. 858, and Steelton Coun­ SEc. 2. The pay of telephone switchboard · operators, assistant mes­ sengers, firemen, watchmen, laborers, and charwomen provided fol' in cil, No. 162, Junior Order United American Mechanics; Silver this act, except those employed in mints and assay offices, unless other­ Star Council (Harrisburg, Pa.), No. 130, and Lincoln Council wise . specially stated, shall be as follows: For telephone switchboard (Carlisle, Pa.), No. 117, Daughters of Liberty, favoring restric­ operators, assistant messengers, firemen, and watchmen, at the rate of 720 per annum each; for laborers, at the rate of $660 per annum tion of immigration (S. 4403)-to the Committee on Immigra­ ·each; assistant telephone switchboard operator , at the rate of $600 tion and Naturalization. each, and for charwomen, at the rate of $240 per annum each. By l\fr. O'l'JEN: Petition of Milwaukee Division, No. 4G, Rail­ Mr. l\lANN. 1\Ir. Chairman, I re erve the point of order to way Conductors of America, for the ship-subsidy bill-to the section 2 in order to make an inquiry. Does this section in­ Committee on the Merchant Uarine and Fisheries. crease or decrease the compensation of these employees, or sim­ By l\lr. RA...~SDELL of Loui iana: Papers to accompany bills ply classify them? for relief of heirs of Aurela Robillard, and of H. r. 1\Iorancy, Mr. BINGHAM. It does not in any way increase or uecrease adminish·ator of estate of Zachary White-to the Committee on the compensation, but it is for the purpose of preventing the ,War Claims. continual repetition throughout the bill. By Mr. RIXEY : Papers to accompany bills for relief of l\lr. MANN. I withdraw the point of order. heirs of Pbilill Houser and heirs of Daniel Ruggles-to the The Clerk read as follows : Committee on War Claim . · SEc. 4. Only such books, periodicals, and pamphlets shall be pur­ · Also, paper to accompany bill for relief of Frank ScbatUer­ chased out of any appropriation made in this or any other act for the to the. Committee on Invalid Pensions. use of any library or office or officer as are strictly essential to the Also, paper to accompany bili for relief of William F. Myers­ technical and professional work of the particular Department, Bureau, office, or officer .authorized to use such library or collection of books ; to the Committee on Pensions. and all books, periodicals, and pamphlets which now form a part of or By 1\Ir. STEPHENS of Texas : Petition of the Cattle Raisers' belong to any library or office collection of books and which are not Association, praying Congress to require the railways to furnish strictly essential to the technical and professional work of the par~­ ticular Department, Bureau, or office shall be transferred on or before · sufficient cars to ship live stock to market-to the Committee on January 1, 1908, to the Library of Congress, except that book of Interstate and Foreign Commerce. fiction and belles lettres shall be transferred to the 11'ree Public By 1\Ir. STERLING: Paper to accompany bill for relief of Library of the District. of Columbia, and all expenses of making this transfer, not othe1'Wise sufficiently · provided for, shall be paid from Isaac L. Stine-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. appropriations made for contingent expenses of the several Executive Also, papers to accompany bills for relief of Jolin S. Bray, Departments or other Government establishments to which this section Jo eph W. King, James D: Cox, and Richard H .•Tones-to the shall apply. Committee on Ilfvaliu Pension . · Mr. l\IANN. l\Ir. Chairman, I reser>e u point of order upon By l\Ir. VAl~ WINKLE: Paper to accompany bill for relief this section. of Maria Cross-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, I wish to offer an amend­ -By 1\Ir. W A.CHTER : Paper to accompany bill for relief of ment to that section. ·william Kel o-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 1\lr. l\IANN. l\fr. Chairman, I will reserve the point of ortler By Mr. W ALLA.CE : Petition of J . H. Parkhurst et al., for an until an explanation can be made. · appropriation to reimburse said petitioners for over daily hours Mr. T.A WNEY. l\Ir. Chairman, ill the preparation of the ap­ of work on Georgetown pumping station from 1\Iay 1, 1871, to propriation bill the fact appeared l.uat there is in every Depart­ December, 1890-to the Committee on Claims. ment of the Government and in some of the bureaus of some ·By l\Ir. WANGER: ·petition of Lansdale Council, No. 111, of the Departments miscelhneous libr~:ies, librar·ies of fiction