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Groynes in Coastal Engineering. Guide to Design, Monitoring and Maintenance of Narrow Footprint Groynes

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Groynes in Coastal Engineering. Guide to Design, Monitoring and Maintenance of Narrow Footprint Groynes C793 Groynes are long, narrow structures built approximately perpendicular to the shoreline. They are designed to control longshore transport of sediment on beaches and to deflect nearshore tidal currents. Their principal purpose is to slow the longshore movement of beach material by interrupting the movement of material and trapping it on the updrift side of the groyne. They also help to build beaches that protect land behind the beach from flooding and erosion. Groynes may extend across part or all of the intertidal zone and are normally grouped together to form groyne Groynes in coastal engineering systems or fields. This guide: ? explains the role of groynes in the context of wider shoreline management and sediment transport processes ? provides guidance on setting the layout and profile of groynes to optimally influence transport of beach material and to retain the desired beach shape and profile ? provides a framework for the design and maintenance of all types of groynes with particular emphasis on timber and other 'narrow footprint' groynes. (Narrow footprint groynes are those whose width is very narrow in comparison with their length and are commonly supported on vertical piles.) Groynes in ? provides advice on good practice approaches to construction, routine and periodic maintenance and to the use of sustainable material during repair and replacement ? focuses predominantly on UK experience and situations (eg macro-tidal) but with appropriate coastal engineering reference to international experience. CIRIA C793 9 780860 178989 Who we are CIRIA members lead the industry in raising professional standards through collaboration, sharing knowledge and promoting good practice. Recognised as leaders in industry improvement, CIRIA’s members represent all construction stakeholder groups including clients, contractors, consultants, public sector champions, regulators and academia. CIRIA membership provides organisations with a unique range of business development and improvement services, focused on sharing and embedding research, knowledge and good practice. In addition to the many direct benefits, membership provides a wealth of opportunities for organisations to engage in shaping, informing and delivering industry solutions focused on innovation and improvement. In addition to representing excellent value for money in terms of direct benefits, CIRIA membership delivers significant returns for organisational investment in business improvement and development, CPD, industry engagement, profile enhancement and collaborative research. CIRIA membership allows your employees to access the full breadth of CIRIA resources and services, creating valuable networking, performance improvement and leadership opportunities. In addition to CIRIA membership, there is a range of specialist community of practice memberships available: zz CIRIA book club zz Brownfield Risk Management Forum (BRMF) The CIRIA book club allows you to buy CIRIA publications BRMF provides comprehensive support to all at half price – plus free copies of all new guidance for construction, environmental, financial and legal Gold subscribers. professionals working on brownfield projects. zz Local Authority Contaminated Land (LACL) network zz European Marine Sand And Gravel Group (EMSAGG) LACL helps local authority officers to address EMSAGG provides a forum for the marine aggregate responsibilities and duties involving land contamination industry across Europe to discuss sector issues and and redevelopment. exchange ideas and learning. Where we are Discover how your organisation can benefit from CIRIA’s authoritative and practical guidance – contact us by: Post Griffin Court, 15 Long Lane, London, EC1A 9PN, UK Telephone +44 (0)20 7549 3300 Fax +44 (0)20 7549 3349 Email [email protected] Website www.ciria.org For details of membership, networks, events, collaborative projects and to access CIRIA publications through the bookshop. CIRIA C793 London, 2020 Groynes in coastal engineering Guide to design, monitoring and maintenance of narrow footprint groynes Jonathan Simm, Aurora Orsini, Belen Blanco HR Wallingford Alex Lee, Paul Sands Royal HaskoningDHV John Williams RSK Anthony Camilleri Mackley Construction Roger Spencer Arun District Council Griffin Court, 15 Long Lane, London, EC1A 9PN Tel: 020 7549 3300 Fax: 020 7549 3349 Email: [email protected] Website: www.ciria.org Groynes in coastal engineering. Guide to design, monitoring and maintenance of narrow footprint groynes Simm, J, Orsini, A, Blanco, B, Lee, A, Sands, P, Williams, J, Camilleri, A, Spencer, R CIRIA C793 © CIRIA 2020 RP1067 ISBN: 978-0-86017-898-9 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record is available for this book from the British Library. Keywords Coastal and marine, environmental management, health and safety Reader interest Classification Coastal engineering, shoreline management, Availability Unrestricted beach management, groyne design, construction Content Advice/guidance and management Status Committee-guided User Users, planners, designers, coastal and beach managers, material procurement managers, asset managers, designers, construction contractors, educational institutions Published by CIRIA, Griffin Court, 15 Long Lane, London, EC1A 9PN, UK Please cite this publication as: SIMM, J, ORSINI, A, BLANCO, B, LEE, A, SANDS, P, WILLIAMS, J, CAMILLERI, A and SPENCER, R (2020) Groynes in coastal engineering. Guide to design, monitoring and maintenance of narrow footprint groynes, C793, CIRIA, London, UK (ISBN: 978-0-86017-898-9) www.ciria.org This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information on the subject matter covered. It is sold and/or distributed with the understanding that neither the authors nor the publisher is thereby engaged in rendering a specific legal or any other professional service. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the publication, no warranty or fitness is provided or implied, and the authors and publisher shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage arising from its use. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, without the written permission of the copyright holder, application for which should be addressed to the publisher. Such written permission must also be obtained before any part of this publication is stored in a retrieval system of any nature. If you would like to reproduce any of the figures, text or technical information from this or any other CIRIA publication for use in other documents or publications, please contact the Publishing Department for more details on copyright terms and charges at: [email protected], Tel: 020 7549 3300. ii CIRIA, C793 Summary Groynes are long, narrow structures built approximately perpendicular to the shoreline (Figure 1.1). They are designed to control longshore transport of sediment on beaches and to deflect nearshore tidal currents. Their principal purpose is to slow the longshore movement of beach material by interrupting the movement of material and trapping it on the updrift side of the groyne. They also help to build beaches that protect land behind the beach from flooding and erosion. Groynes may extend across part or all of the intertidal zone and are normally grouped together to form groyne systems or fields. This guide: explains the role of groynes in the context of wider shoreline management and sediment transport processes provides guidance on setting the layout and profile of groynes to optimally influence transport of beach material and to retain the desired beach shape and profile provides a framework for the design and maintenance of all types of groynes with particular emphasis on timber and other ‘narrow footprint’ groynes. (Narrow footprint groynes are those whose width is very narrow in comparison with their length and are commonly supported on vertical piles.) provides advice on good practice approaches to construction, routine and periodic maintenance and to the use of sustainable material during repair and replacement focuses predominantly on UK experience and situations (eg macro-tidal) but with appropriate reference to international experience. Groynes in coastal engineering iii Acknowledgements This publication is the result of research project (RP)1049 produced under contract to CIRIA by HR Wallingford and subcontractors Royal HaskoningDHV, RSK, Mackley Construction, Arun District Council. The starting point for the project was a first draft of a guide on maintenance of timber groynes prepared for SCOPAC by the late Prof Dr Andrew Bradbury. This guide is dedicated to his memory, remembering his passion for groynes and coastal engineering more generally. Authors Dr Jonathan Simm Dr Jonathan Simm is chief technical director for resilience at UK-based research and consultancy organisation HR Wallingford, with responsibilities for developments and applications in performance, risk, materials and sustainability. Originally trained as a coastal civil engineer, over the past 30 years Jonathan has been involved in the production of more than 20 technical guidance documents. He was technical lead for The International Levee Handbook (CIRIA, Ministry of Ecology, USACE, 2013) and is currently helping to edit international guidelines for the use of natural and nature based features. He chairs national and international committees and his passion
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