Notes on Plato`S Phaedo This Article Follows a Pattern Similar to a Series of `
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Chapter 4. Hatred in Hesiod
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from Explore Bristol Research, http://research-information.bristol.ac.uk Author: Kilgallon, Silvie Title: Hatred in Hesiod General rights Access to the thesis is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International Public License. A copy of this may be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This license sets out your rights and the restrictions that apply to your access to the thesis so it is important you read this before proceeding. Take down policy Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions prior to having it been deposited in Explore Bristol Research. However, if you have discovered material within the thesis that you consider to be unlawful e.g. breaches of copyright (either yours or that of a third party) or any other law, including but not limited to those relating to patent, trademark, confidentiality, data protection, obscenity, defamation, libel, then please contact [email protected] and include the following information in your message: •Your contact details •Bibliographic details for the item, including a URL •An outline nature of the complaint Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. Hatred in Hesiod Silvie Kilgallon A dissertation submitted to the University of Bristol in accordance with the requirements for award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Arts, January 2019. Word Count: 75,322. 2 Abstract: This thesis examines the conception and role of hatred in the Theogony and Works and Days of Hesiod. -
Sound and Music Computing Meets Philosophy
Proceedings ICMC|SMC|2014 14-20 September 2014, Athens, Greece Sound and Music Computing Meets Philosophy Jean-Claude Risset Laboratoire de Mécanique et d’Acoustique, CNRS&AMU, Marseille, France [email protected] ABSTRACT encouraged me to compose. In his 1943 Suite delphique, Jolivet evoked the dogs of Erebus, the gloomy space of Philosophy was born in Greece: it raised fundamental darkness between Earth and the dark underworld of questions, some of which were revived since 1957, when Hades: Jolivet resorted to the Ondes Martenot, an early it became possible to compute sound and music. All electronic instrument still alive and well. material substances are made of atoms: modularity is at The philosophers of antique Greece raised work in chemistry, linguistics, but also in music. Sounds fundamental questions about the nature of the universe, can be synthesized from other sounds, but one cannot the problems of truth, ethics and society, the meaning of exhibit genuine atoms of sound. The question of simple life. Nietzsche wrote that later philosophy did not add versus multiple is crucial: as Chowning demonstrated, a anything essential. Some of these early questions were mix of sound components can be heard as a single sonic revived since the 1950s, when it became possible to entity or as a multiplicity of sounds. Sounds have compute sound and music. In 1957, Max Mathews objective reality, but auditory illusions demonstrate the implemented the computation of sound with a real genius idiosyncrasies of perception and remind us of Protagoras’ of design, which was very important for the development claim that “of all things the measure is man”. -
Plato Journal
DEZ 2013 ISSN 2079-7567 I3 eISSN 2183-4105 Established 1989 http://platosociety.org/ Papers William H.F. Altman “The Missing Speech of the Absent Fourth: Reader Response and Plato’s Timaeus-Critias” David Levy, “Socrates vs. Callicles: Examination and Ridicule in Plato’s Gorgias.” Nathalie Nercam, “En tout et pour tout (Théétète 204a-210b)” Matthew Robinson, “Competition, Imagery, and Pleasure in Plato’s Republic, 1-91” Scott J. Senn, “Ignorance or Irony in Plato’s Socrates?: A Look Beyond Avowals and Disavowals of Knowledge” INTERNATIONAL PLATO SOCIETY PLATO INTERNATIONAL PL ATO Société Platonicienne JOURNALInternationale Associazione Internazionale dei Platonisti Sociedad Internacional de Platonistas Internationale Platon-Gesellschaft Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra Coimbra Universiy Press 2 | Enicaper ficaed susta nondin is es nonim et dolore CREDITS EditOriAL BOARD INterNAtiONAL PLATO Francisco Gonzalez SOcietY EXecutiVE University of Ottawa COmmittee (2013-16) Irmgard Männlein-Robert President: Francisco Bravo Universität Tübingen Universidad Central de Venezuela Angela Ulacco President: Gabriele Cornelli Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Universidade de Brasília Vice President: Tom Robinson ScieNtific BOArd University of Toronto Luc Brisson Ex-President: Mauro Tulli CNRS – UPR76 Centre Jean-Pépin, Paris Università degli Studi di Pisa Tomás Calvo Next President: Luc Brisson Universidad Complutense, Madrid CNRS – UPR76 Centre Jean-Pépin, Paris John Dillon Next President: Olivier Renaut Trinity College, Dublin Université Paris -
The Influence of Achaemenid Persia on Fourth-Century and Early Hellenistic Greek Tyranny
THE INFLUENCE OF ACHAEMENID PERSIA ON FOURTH-CENTURY AND EARLY HELLENISTIC GREEK TYRANNY Miles Lester-Pearson A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 2015 Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11826 This item is protected by original copyright The influence of Achaemenid Persia on fourth-century and early Hellenistic Greek tyranny Miles Lester-Pearson This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of St Andrews Submitted February 2015 1. Candidate’s declarations: I, Miles Lester-Pearson, hereby certify that this thesis, which is approximately 88,000 words in length, has been written by me, and that it is the record of work carried out by me, or principally by myself in collaboration with others as acknowledged, and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for a higher degree. I was admitted as a research student in September 2010 and as a candidate for the degree of PhD in September 2011; the higher study for which this is a record was carried out in the University of St Andrews between 2010 and 2015. Date: Signature of Candidate: 2. Supervisor’s declaration: I hereby certify that the candidate has fulfilled the conditions of the Resolution and Regulations appropriate for the degree of PhD in the University of St Andrews and that the candidate is qualified to submit this thesis in application for that degree. -
Naming the Extrasolar Planets
Naming the extrasolar planets W. Lyra Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, K¨onigstuhl 17, 69177, Heidelberg, Germany [email protected] Abstract and OGLE-TR-182 b, which does not help educators convey the message that these planets are quite similar to Jupiter. Extrasolar planets are not named and are referred to only In stark contrast, the sentence“planet Apollo is a gas giant by their assigned scientific designation. The reason given like Jupiter” is heavily - yet invisibly - coated with Coper- by the IAU to not name the planets is that it is consid- nicanism. ered impractical as planets are expected to be common. I One reason given by the IAU for not considering naming advance some reasons as to why this logic is flawed, and sug- the extrasolar planets is that it is a task deemed impractical. gest names for the 403 extrasolar planet candidates known One source is quoted as having said “if planets are found to as of Oct 2009. The names follow a scheme of association occur very frequently in the Universe, a system of individual with the constellation that the host star pertains to, and names for planets might well rapidly be found equally im- therefore are mostly drawn from Roman-Greek mythology. practicable as it is for stars, as planet discoveries progress.” Other mythologies may also be used given that a suitable 1. This leads to a second argument. It is indeed impractical association is established. to name all stars. But some stars are named nonetheless. In fact, all other classes of astronomical bodies are named. -
Three Desert Ammas—Theodora, Sarah, and Syncletica
COURAGEOUS WOMEN: THREE DESERT AMMAS-THEODORA, SARAH, AND SYNCLETICA A New Translation from the Greek Alphabetical Apophthegmata Patrum, with Introduction, Notes, and Comments' Tim Vivian INTRODUCTION Something like 90% of classical Greek and Roman literature is lost to us. This realization becomes acute, even heartbreaking, when we think of how very little of the little we have is by women. An exception that proves the rule is Plutarch’s “Sayings of Trojan Women,” in the Moralia.2 A unique manuscript of Catullus’ poems survived in a wine jar discovered in a monastery. How many of us would delight—exult—to have the complete poems of Sappho? This attrition continues into early Christianity: Paul names quite a few women in ministry; we have authentic writings by none of them.1 In the New Testament we also have T permit no woman to teach or to have authority over a man; she is to keep silent.”4 In the decade before or after the turn of the fourth century, Bishop Theophilus of Alexandria ups the ante, even when he, seemingly, has all the chips: Tim Vivian is a retired Episcopal priest and emeritus professor of Religious Studies at California State University, Bakersfield. He is an expert on Coptic monasticism and has published widely on that subject in this and other journals. 1 A different version of this article will appear as part of a 2-volume translation of the Alphabetical Apophthegmata Patrum (The Sayings of the Desert Fathers), with notes and comments, forthcoming from Cistercian Publications. I wish to thank Kathleen Norris for reading a draft of this article, Joseph Trigg for things Origen, and Janet Gonzales and Chris Livingston at the CSU Bakersfield Walter Stiern Library for help with research materials. -
A Héber És Az Árja Nyelvek Ősi Rokonságáról
A HÉBER ÉS AZ ÁRJA NYELVEK ŐSI ROKONSÁGÁRÓL ÍRTA D2 ENGELMANN GÉZA Vox diversa sonat. Populorum est vox tamen una. Martialis. BUDAPEST, 1943 A szerző fentartja jogait, a fordítás jogát is. A kiadásért felelős: Dr. Engelmann Géza. 3973. Franklin-Társulat nyomdája. — Ltvay ödön„ BREYER RUDOLF EMLÉKÉNEK Erat autem terra labii unius, et sermo- num eorumdem. Genesis XI. 1. Es gibt alté durch die historische eritik in acht und bann gethane meldungen, derén untilg- barer grund sich immer wieder luft macht, wie man sagt dasz versunkne sch&tze nach- blühen und von zeit zu zeit ina schosz der erde aufw&rts rücken, damit sie endlich noch gehoben werden. Jacób Grimm (Vorrede zur Geschichte der deutschen sprache.) I. Poéta fai, e canfcai di quel giusto flgliuol d'Anchise che venne daTroia poi che'l superbo Ili5n fa combusto. Dante, lnferno, I. 73# A szerelem könyörtelen istennője egyszer maga is szerelemre lobbant. Erről szól egy régi görög ének, a homerosi himnuszok egyike. Anohises, pásztorok királya volt az, akibe beleszeretett Aphrodité. Szégyenszemre, halandó emberbe. így akarta a kárörvendő végzet. Nem bírta az istennő sem a kínzó vágyat. Felöltözött királykisasszonynak és fölkereste Anchi- sest az Idahegyen. Éppen egyedül volt otthon. Bojtárjai a hegy oldalán legeltették nyájait. Otreus király leánya vagyok, szólt Aphrodité szendén. Hírből ismered, ugye, az édesapámat? Azért jöttem, hogy meghívjalak mihozzánk, mert Hermes isten megjósolta nekem, hogy te leszel a párom. Gyere velem édes apámhoz ós kérd meg a kezemet. Szép hozományom is van, és kelengyém királyleányhoz illő. Anchises csak nézte, nézte az égi tüneményt. Aztán férfiasan válaszolt: Nem kell ehhez édesapád. Ölelő karjába zárta. -
Theory of Forms 1 Theory of Forms
Theory of Forms 1 Theory of Forms Plato's theory of Forms or theory of Ideas[1] [2] [3] asserts that non-material abstract (but substantial) forms (or ideas), and not the material world of change known to us through sensation, possess the highest and most fundamental kind of reality.[4] When used in this sense, the word form is often capitalized.[5] Plato speaks of these entities only through the characters (primarily Socrates) of his dialogues who sometimes suggest that these Forms are the only true objects of study that can provide us with genuine knowledge; thus even apart from the very controversial status of the theory, Plato's own views are much in doubt.[6] Plato spoke of Forms in formulating a possible solution to the problem of universals. Forms Terminology: the Forms and the forms The English word "form" may be used to translate two distinct concepts that concerned Plato—the outward "form" or appearance of something, and "Form" in a new, technical nature, that never ...assumes a form like that of any of the things which enter into her; ... But the forms which enter into and go out of her are the likenesses of real existences modelled after their patterns in a wonderful and inexplicable manner.... The objects that are seen, according to Plato, are not real, but literally mimic the real Forms. In the allegory of the cave expressed in Republic, the things that are ordinarily perceived in the world are characterized as shadows of the real things, which are not perceived directly. That which the observer understands when he views the world mimics the archetypes of the many types and properties (that is, of universals) of things observed. -
The Phaedo by Plato
Selections from The Phaedo by Plato The Death of Scorates, David, 1787. [The Phaedo tells the story of Socrates’ final moments spent, as one would expect, in philosophical dialogue with his friends. The main subject of the dialogue is the immortality of the soul. The Phaedo is one of Plato’s middle period dialogues and, as such, reveals much of Plato’s own philosophy. In the arguments Socrates puts forth for the immortality of the soul we find a clear exposition of both Plato’s metaphysics as well as his epistemology. In the first section we find Socrates explaining to his friends why a true philosopher does not fear death. Philosophy is here described as a preparation for death.] ECHECRATES: Were you there with Socrates yourself, Phaedo, when he was executed, or 57 did you hear about it from somebody else? PHAEDO: No, I was there myself, Echecrates. ECHECRATES: Then what did the master say before he died, and how did he meet his end? I should very much like to know. None of the people in Phlius go to Athens much in these days, and it is a long time since we had any visitor from there who could give us any definite b information, except that he was executed by drinking hemlock. Nobody could tell us anything more than that. PHAEDO: Then haven't you even heard how his trial went? 58 ECHECRATES: Yes, someone told us about that, and we were surprised because there was obviously a long interval between it and the execution. How was that, Phaedo? PHAEDO: A fortunate coincidence, Echecrates. -
KINGS AGAINST CELTS Deliverance from Barbarians As a Theme In
KINGS AGAINST CELTS Deliverance from barbarians as a theme in Hellenistic royal propaganda Rolf Strootman Ieder nadeel heb z’n eigen voordeel – Johan Cruijff 1 Introduction The Celts, Polybios says, know neither law nor order, nor do they have any culture. 2 Other Greek writers, from Aristotle to Pausanias, agreed with him: the savage Celts were closer to animals than to civilised human beings. Therefore, when the Celts invaded Greece in 280-279 BC and attacked Delphi, Greeks saw this as an attack on Hellenic civilisation. Though the crisis was soon over, the image remained of inhuman barbarians who came from the dark edge of the earth to strike without warning at the centre of civilisation. This image was then exploited in political propaganda: first by the Aitolian League in Central Greece, then by virtually all the Greek-Macedonian kingdoms of that time. The 1 Several variants of this utterance of the ‘Oracle of Amsterdam’ (detriment is advantageous) are current in the Dutch language; this is the original version. Cf. H. Davidse ed., ‘Je moet schieten, anders kun je niet scoren’. Citaten van Johan Cruijff (The Hague 1999) 93; for some interesting linguistic remarks on Cruijff’s oracular sayings see G. Middag and K. van der Zwan, ‘“Utopieën wie nooit gebeuren”. De taal van Johan Cruijff’, Onze Taal 65 (1996) 275-7. 2 Polyb. 18.37.9. Greek authors use Keltoi and Galatai without any marked difference to denote these peoples, who evidently shared some common culture (e.g. infra Pausanias, but esp. 1.4.1; the first mention of Keltoi in Greek literature is in Hdt. -
Plato's Symposium
PLATO’S SYMPOSIUM Continuum Reader’s Guides Continuum’s Reader’s Guides are clear, concise and accessible introduc- tions to classic works of philosophy. Each book explores the major themes, historical and philosophical context and key passages of a major philosophical text, guiding the reader towards a thorough under- standing of often demanding material. Ideal for undergraduate students, the guides provide an essential resource for anyone who needs to get to grips with a philosophical text. Reader’s Guides available from Continuum Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics – Christopher Warne Aristotle’s Politics – Judith A. Swanson and C. David Corbin Berkeley’s Principles of Human Knowledge – Alasdair Richmond Berkeley’s Three Dialogues – Aaron Garrett Deleuze and Guattari’s Capitalism and Schizophrenia – Ian Buchanan Deleuze’s Difference and Repetition – Joe Hughes Derrida’s Writing and Difference – Sarah Wood Descartes’ Meditations – Richard Francks Hegel’s Philosophy of Right – David Rose Heidegger’s Being and Time – William Blattner Heidegger’s Later Writings – Lee Braver Hobbes’s Leviathan – Laurie M. Johnson Bagby Hume’s Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion – Andrew Pyle Hume’s Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding – Alan Bailey and Dan O’Brien Kant’s Critique of Aesthetic Judgement – Fiona Hughes Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason – James Luchte Kant’s Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals – Paul Guyer Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions – John Preston Locke’s Essay Concerning Human Understanding – William Uzgalis Locke’s Second Treatise of Government – Paul Kelly Mill’s On Liberty – Geoffrey Scarre Mill’s Utilitarianism – Henry West Nietzsche’s On the Genealogy of Morals – Daniel Conway Plato’s Republic – Luke Purshouse Rousseau’s The Social Contract – Christopher Wraight Sartre’s Being and Nothingness – Sebastian Gardner Spinoza’s Ethics – Thomas J. -
Expanding the Letter to the Hebrews from Within
Expanding the Letter to the Hebrews from Within Introduction This document came into existence as the result of three shorter essays written not long before it, The First City, Mystery People and On the Idea of Returning. All deal with different topics yet are related even though I had no intent to make them as such. Before moving into Hebrews itself, let’s look at the two points of connection among them all because they tie in with each other in some way or other. In a way, the first is the most important insofar as it represents a time when I began to develop an approach to scripture different from the one to which I had been accustomed. In that article I recounted events starting from when Adam and Eve had been banished from the Garden of Eden through the founding of the first city and then on to the flood. Cain, who had murdered his brother Abel, became a wander and eventually settled down to found the world’s first city which he named Enoch, that is, after his son. From then on, human civilization began a downward spiral which forced the Lord to destroy every living thing on earth in order to renew creation. All these events are mythic in that they point to more profound realities than any historical ones. The second article examines references to healing in the Gospel of St. Matthew with special attention given to the various scenarios of what could have happened to those whom Jesus had cured. For the most part these people remain anonymous which conveys a certain sense of mystery.