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What Is a Boggart Hole?1 Simon Young ISI, Florence (Italy)
What is a Boggart Hole?1 Simon Young ISI, Florence (Italy) INTRODUCTION The boggart—a word of uncertain origins (OED, ‘Boggard, -art’; Nodal and Milner 1875, 126; Wright 1898–1905, I, 326)—was once a much feared bogey in the midlands and the north of England. By the nineteenth century it had come to be associated, above all, with what might be called a ‘greater Lancashire’: the County Palatine, the south Pennines and the northern fringes of Cheshire and Derbyshire. Relative to the amount of writing that survives, most of it from the 1800s and much in Lancashire dialect, the boggart is perhaps Britain’s most understudied supernatural creature. This is true of the nineteenth century (Thornber 1837, 38, 99–104 and 329–34; Harland and Wilkinson 1867, 49–62; 1873, 10–12 and 141– 42; Hardwick 1872, 124–42; Bowker 1883, 27–36, 52–58, 63–72, 77–82, 131–39, 152–58, 174–88, 212–20 and 238–42; McKay 1888), and of recent years (Billingsley 2007, 69–74; Turner-Bishop 2010; Roberts 2013, 95–105; Young 2014b). Boggart place-names have particularly been neglected. In fact, there is, to the best of the present writer’s knowledge, no study of boggart toponyms, despite the existence of tens of boggart place-names, many still in use today.2 1 I would like to thank John Billingsley, David Boardman, Ffion Dash, Anna Garrett, Richard Green, Denise Jagger, Stephen Lees, Wendy Lord, Eileen Ormand and the anonymous reviewer for help with the writing and with the improvement of this article. -
Ramblers Gems a Spring Vale Rambling Class Publication
Ramblers Gems A Spring Vale Rambling Class Publication Volume 1, Issue 22 3rd October 2020 For further information or to submit a contribution email: [email protected] Web Site http://www.springvaleramblers.co.uk/ One such example, named ‘Limersgate’ traversed from I N S I D E T H I S I SSUE Haslingden Grane into the Darwen valley, over to Tockholes and on towards Preston. The trail entered 1 A Local Packhorse Trail Darwen at Pickup Bank Heights, and down into Hoddlesden via Long Hey Lane, past Holker House 2 Wordsearch (1591), and over Heys Lane, crossing Roman Road. It 3 Walking in South Lakeland then dropped down Pole Lane to Sough, crossing the River Darwen by a ford at Clough, and climbing to pass 4 Alum Scar White Hall (1557). The trail then dropped into Print 5 Harriers and Falcons Shop crossing Bury Fold and past Kebbs Cottage to Radfield Head, thence into the wooded valley that became Bold Venture Park. A Local Packhorse Trail In the 16th-18th centuries, Darwen was at the crossroads of several packhorse trails that crisscrossed the region. These were narrow, steep and winding, being totally unsuitable for wheeled traffic. Much earlier, the Roman XX (20th) Legion had built a road from Manchester to Ribchester and onward to The Old Bridge at Cadshaw Hadrian’s Wall. However, due to frequent marauding The carters and carriers who oversaw the packhorses attacks by local brigands they constructed few East to and mules, overnighted in Inns at strategic distances West roads. The packhorse trails were developed to enable trains of packhorses and mules, sometimes as along the trails. -
Croal/Irwell Local Environment Agency Plan Environmental Overview October 1998
Croal/Irwell Local Environment Agency Plan Environmental Overview October 1998 NW - 10/98-250-C-BDBS E n v ir o n m e n t Ag e n c y Croal/lrwell 32 Local Environment Agency Plan Map 1 30 30 E n v ir o n m e n t Ag e n c y Contents Croal/lrwell Local Environment Agency Plan (LEAP) Environmental Overview Contents 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Air Quality 2 1.3 Water Quality 7 1.4 Effluent Disposal 12 1.5 Hydrology. 15 1.6 Hydrogeology 17 1.7 Water Abstraction - Surface and Groundwater 18 1.8 Area Drainage 20 1.9 Waste Management 29 1.10 Fisheries 36 1.11 . Ecology 38 1.12 Recreation and Amenity 45 1.13 Landscape and Heritage 48 1.14 Development . 5 0 1.15 Radioactive Substances 56 / 1.16 Agriculture 57 Appendix 1 - Glossary 60 Appendix 2 - Abbreviations ' 66 Appendix 3 - River Quality Objectives (RQOs) 68 Appendix 4 - Environment Agency Leaflets and Reports 71 Croal/lrwell LEAP l Environmental Overview Maps Number Title Adjacent to Page: 1 The Area Cover 2 Integrated Pollution Control (IPC) 3 3 Water Quality: General Quality Assessment Chemical Grading 1996 7 4 Water Quality: General Quality Assessment: Biological Grading 1995 8 5 Water Quality: Compliance with proposed Short Term River Ecosystem RQOs 9 6 Water Quality: Compliance with proposed Long Term River Ecosystem RQOs 10 7 EC Directive Compliance 11 8 Effluent Disposal 12 9 Rainfall 15 10 Hydrometric Network 16 11 Summary Geological Map: Geology at Surface (simplified) 17 12 Licensed Abstractions>0.5 Megalitre per day 18 13 Flood Defence: River Network 21 14 Flood Defence: River Corridor -
Monitoring Report
Monitoring Report Part of the Blackburn with Darwen Local Development Framework 4 December 2008 Blackburn with Darwen Annual Monitoring Report 4 – 2007-2008 PLANNING ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT December 2008 Blackburn with Darwen Annual Monitoring Report 4 – 2007-2008 CONTENTS PAGE Executive Summary 3 1. Introduction 4 2. Local Development Scheme: Milestones 6 3. An Introduction to Blackburn with Darwen 8 Population 8 Ethnicity 8 Deprivation 8 Education 10 SWOT Analysis of Borough 10 4. Economy 12 Worklessness 12 Unemployment 12 Socio-Economic Profile 12 Weekly Earnings 13 COI: Total Amount of Additional Floorspace – by Type 13 COI: Total Amount of Employment Floorspace on PDL 13 COI: Employment Land Available 14 COI: Total Amount of Floorspace for ‘Town Centre Uses’ 15 LOI: Protection and Reuse of Employment Sites 15 5. Housing 18 Council Tax Bandings 18 Household Composition 18 Housing Fitness 19 Quality of residential “offer” 20 COI: Plan Period and Housing Targets 20 COI: Net Additional Dwellings – in previous years 21 COI: Net Additional Dwellings – for the reporting year 21 COI: Net Additional Dwellings – in future years 21 COI: Managed Delivery Target 22 COI: % of New and Converted Dwellings on PDL 23 COI: Net Additional Pitches (Gypsy & Traveller) 23 COI: Gross Affordable Housing Completions 23 LOI: Density of Housing Development 24 6. Accessibility and Transport 28 Infrastructure 28 Car Ownership 28 Modal Choice 28 Accessibility 29 LOI: % new residential development within 30 mins public transport 29 time of a GP, hospital, primary and secondary school, employment and a major retail centre 7. Town Centres and Retailing 34 Retailing Survey 34 Retail Change 35 LOI: Amount of completed Retail, Office and Leisure Development Page 1 Blackburn with Darwen Annual Monitoring Report 4 – 2007-2008 Respectively 35 8. -
First Ascents List Lancashire Rock
2 / First Ascents First Ascents / 3 FIRST ASCENTS LIST LANCASHIRE ROCK Lancashire Rock First Ascents Lancashire Rock First Ascents Introduction This document is an online resource to its companion BMC guidebook, Lancashire Rock. It gives all first ascent details Although the first climbs in Lancashire were described by list is a reasonably accurate record of the first claimed for the routes contained in that book. Laycock in 1913, which gives a timeline for some of the ascents. So apologies to anyone who sees someone else’s early climbing, by the early sixties there was still relatively name against a climb they did earlier, but if you do have The decision was made to produce this information as a separate, freely-downloadable document in order to save space little information about the routes themselves and even an earlier claim, if routes you did are not attributed, or if in the face of ever-increasing numbers of routes and more space being devoted to larger topos and photos. less about the climbing history. At that time, small groups you can supply any more details, please get in touch. of climbers were exploring their nearby gritstone quar- It is also hoped that this can allow first ascent information, a notoriously changable series of “facts”, to be more dynamic ries, but this was very informal and low key. The climbs and updatable as new information comes along. they did were often not named, and even if they were, it Format of First Ascent Lists was not considered necessary to record any descriptions, The guidebook can be purchased from the BMC, www.thebmc.co.uk/shop. -
JBA Consulting Report Template 2015
Greater Manchester Strategic Flood Risk Management Framework Final Report September 2018 Manchester City Council Town Hall Albert Square Manchester M60 2LA JBA Project Manager Mike Williamson JBA Consulting Mersey Bank House Barbauld Street Warrington WA1 1WA Revision History Revision Ref / Date Issued Amendments Issued to V1.0 Final / 14 September 2018 GMCA, EA comments addressed David Hodcroft V1.1 Final/ 16 January 2019 GMCA Amendments David Hodcroft Contract This report describes work commissioned by David Hodcroft, on behalf of Greater Manchester Combined Authority Planning and Housing Team, by a letter dated 14 June 2017. The lead representative for the contract was David Hodcroft. Rachel Brisley, Mike Williamson and Charlotte Lloyd-Randall of JBA Consulting carried out this work. Prepared by .................................................. Rachel Brisley BA Dip TRP MCD MBA AMBA B ....................................................................... Associate Director Reviewed by ................................................. Mike Williamson BSc MSc EADA FRGS CGeog ....................................................................... Senior Chartered Analyst ....................................................................... Philip Bennett-Lloyd BSc Dip Mgmt CMLI MCIEEM MCIWEM CWEM CEnv Purpose This document has been prepared as a Final Report for Greater Manchester Combined Authority. JBA Consulting accepts no responsibility or liability for any use that is made of this document other than by the client for the purposes -
Turton Tower Take a Trip to East Lancashire for This Walk, Starting from the Historic Turton Tower
1 Turton Tower Take a trip to East Lancashire for this walk, starting from the historic Turton Tower. START: Turton Tower, Chapeltown Road (GPS waypoint SD 730 152) DISTANCE: 5 miles (8km) DIFFICULTY: HEIGHT GAIN: APPROX. TIME: 2 hours 15 minutes PARKING: Turton Tower off Chapeltown Road ROUTE TERRAIN: Tarmac paths, fields, moorland FACILITIES: Toilets and refreshments available at Turton Tower SUITABILITY: Not suitable for those with prams, trampers or wheelchair users. Dogs permitted but must be kept under control around livestock OS MAPS: Landranger 109 (Manchester), Explorer 287 (West Pennine Moors) David Turner LANCASHIRE WALKS TURTON TOWER Chapeltown retains many the tower and grounds to Turton attractive listed buildings, Urban District Council to use for including the Old School House the benefit of the public. Since The walker’s view on High Street, 18th century then the tower has been used as hostelry the Chetham Arms, council offices, and from 1974, David Turner travels to Turton to try several 17th century houses, as a museum and historic house. this route out as well as the grade I listed Turton Tower now belongs to I last found myself around Turton Tower building and scheduled ancient Blackburn with Darwen council. about 12 months ago while photographing monument, Turton Tower. our Jumbles Reservoir walk from issue 3, which ended with an ascent of Cheetham Close. This time, this particular walk would Turton Tower is a large manor Witton Weavers Way take me around the other side of Cheetham Close and over Turton house sitting on high ground This walking route takes you Heights at the far end of the hill, before returning via the Witton in Chapeltown, 600 feet above along a section of the Witton Weavers Way. -
Lancashire: a Chronology of Flash Flooding
LANCASHIRE: A CHRONOLOGY OF FLASH FLOODING Introduction The past focus on the history of flooding has been mainly with respect to flooding from the overflow of rivers and with respect to the peak level that these floods have achieved. The Chronology of British Hydrological Events provides a reasonably comprehensive record of such events throughout Great Britain. Over the last 60 years the river gauging network provides a detailed record of the occurrence of river flows and peak levels and flows are summaried in HiflowsUK. However there has been recent recognition that much flooding of property occurs from surface water flooding, often far from rivers. Locally intense rainfall causes severe flooding of property and land as water concentrates and finds pathways along roads and depressions in the landscape. In addition, intense rainfall can also cause rapid rise in level and discharge in rivers causing a danger to the public even though the associated peak level is not critical. In extreme cases rapid rise in river level may be manifested as a ‘wall of water’ with near instantaneous rise in level of a metre or more. Such events are usually convective and may be accompanied by destructive hail or cause severe erosion of hillsides and agricultural land. There have been no previous compilations of historical records of such ‘flash floods’or even of more recent occurrences. It is therefore difficult to judge whether a recent event is unusual or even unique in terms of the level reached at a particular location or more broadly of regional severity. This chronology of flash floods is provided in order to enable comparisons to be made between recent and historical floods, to judge rarity and from a practical point of view to assess the adequacy of urban drainage networks. -
Comments from Representations in Support of West Pennine Moors
A B C D Comments from representations in support of West Pennine Moors SSSI from notification consultation ended 17 March 2017 1 Do you own or manage land Are there any further comments you wish to within the Please send us your views by commenting in the the text box below Reference Number make? SSSI (blank - not 2 known) 3 No This area is a natural beauty and therefore should remain that way, ANON-ZYNN-WQ2F-F 4 Yes We love the area and are very glad that people like you and your team have protected the area with the SSSI. received by email I wholeheartedly agree with the proposal that the west penine moors be designated an area sssi. It has a unique and varied landscape and is habitat to a whole number of wonderful species including some that are now rare. 5 No ANON-ZYNN-WQJD-5 6 No Has several flora and fauna species which should meet requirement s ANON-ZYNN-WQFE-2 letter received by post - Letter received by post is not available electronically but can be made available on request to not available 7 westpenninemoors@natural england.org.uk electronically Page 1 A B C D The RSPB strongly supports the notification of the West Pennine Moors and the full list of proposed special SSSI represent the best of England’s natural ANON-ZYNN-WQGE-3 interest features including thirty two NVC habitats. We welcome the the protection of the largest Black-headed heritage and play a fundamental role in conserving Gull breeding colony in the UK and the largest breeding colony of Mediterranean Gulls outside of the South of and reversing declines of priority habitats and England. -
A4 LEAFLET 19/07/2018 10:20 Page 1
LDV WALKING LEAFLET APRIL18v3_A4 LEAFLET 19/07/2018 10:20 Page 1 FOLLOW Helping everyone to respect, protect FREE THE and enjoy our countryside: Countryside Countryside Walks Code • Be safe - Always plan ahead and be prepared, Guide As it is seen today was originally wear the correct clothing for the time of year and converted from a group of derelict follow any local signs 17th century farm buildings known as “Orrell Fold”. The name of • Leave gates, farm animals, machinery and property as you find them “Orrell” dates back far beyond modern records, but it is generally and follow paths unless wider access is available believed that the Orrell family held the Manor of Turton from circa • Protect plants and wildlife and leave no trace of your visit and take 1420, when the Lord of the Manor, John de Torbock, died and was your litter home succeeded by William Orrell. The title was then passed down • Keep dogs under close control and ensure they do not disturb wildlife, through successive generations of the Orrell family, all of whom farm animals, horses or other people by keeping it under effective control resided at Turton Tower. • Consider the local community and other people enjoying the outdoors Turton Tower is a distinctive Grade 1 listed English country house located on the edge of the West Pennine Moors. Originally built by More than just a hotel... the Tudor Orrell family to defend their land, it later became a grand • Courtyard Restaurant & Bar • Village Tea Shop • Drop Inn home and was extended in both the Tudor and early Stuart periods. -
RIVER CROAL SUB CATCHMENT @ E N V Ir O N M E N T Ag E N C Y
CHAPTER FOUR - RIVER CROAL SUB CATCHMENT @ E n v ir o n m e n t Ag e n c y NATIONAL LIBRARY & INFORMATION SERVICE HEAD OFFICE Rio House, Waterside Drive, Aztec West, Almondsbury. Bristol BS32 4UD ENVIRONMENT AGENCY 099754 ,No ........ ’^rs Aufhorffv * Intf Centre ( Hec ,09 i Class iv Accession No ACLVJZ,.... IRWELL CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN CONSULTATION REPORT CHAPTER FOUR - RIVER CROAL SUB-CATCHWIENT Front Cover photograph : River Croal, Bolton Town Centre This report has been produced on recycled paper in line with NRA policy RIVER CROAL CONSULTATION REPORT CONTENTS Section Page No. Index of Maps 9 River Croal Sub-Catchment Details 10 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Catchment Description 12 1.2 Hydrology 12 1.3 Hydrometric Network 13 1.4 Hydrogeology 14 1.5 Flood Defence 15 1.6 Water Quality 16 September 1994 2 Irwell CMP Chapter Four - Croal Sub-Catchment CONTENTS Page No. 2. CATCHMENT USES AND ACTIVITIES Flood Defence 17 2.1.1 General 17 2,1.2 Local Perspective 17 2.1.3 Flood Warning 18 2.1.4 Objectives 18 2.1.5 Environmental Requirements 18 Development 19 2.2.1 General 19 2.2.2 Local Perspective 19 2.2.3 Local Planning Policy 19 2.2.4 Future Development in the Catchment 20 Potable (Drinking) Water Supply 21 2.3.1 General 21 2.3.2 Local Perspective 21 2.3.3 Supply Objectives and Standards 22 2.3.4 Customer Supply Requirements 23 Water Quantity Water Quality Groundwater Quality 2.3.5 Environmental Requirements 23 Industrial and Agricultural Abstractions 24 2.4.1 General 24 2.4.2 Local Perspective 24 Industrial General Agriculture Spray Irrigation 2.4.3 Supply Objectives and Standards 24 2.4.4 Customer Requirements 25 Water Quantity Water Quality 2.4.5 Environmental Requirements 25 Resource Usage 26 2.5.1 General 26 2.5.2 Local Perspective 26 Surface Water Groundwater September 1994 3 Invdl CMP Chapter Four - Croai Sub-Catchment CONTENTS Page No. -
Advisory Visit Bradshaw Brook, Lancashire August 2010
Advisory Visit Bradshaw Brook, Lancashire August 2010 1.0 Introduction This report is the output of a site visit undertaken by Tim Jacklin of the Wild Trout Trust to the Bradshaw Brook, Bolton, Lancashire on 19th August, 2010. Comments in this report are based on observations on the day of the site visit and discussions with David Worswick of Bradshaw Fly Fishers (BFF) and Kevin Nash and Darren Bedworth of the Environment Agency (EA). Normal convention is applied throughout the report with respect to bank identification, i.e. the banks are designated left hand bank (LHB) or right hand bank (RHB) whilst looking downstream. 2.0 Catchment / Fishery Overview Bradshaw Brook is located in Bolton, Lancashire and rises on the West Pennine Moors before flowing into the River Croal and then the River Irwell. Jumbles Reservoir is located at the head of the catchment and the brook relies on compensation releases to maintain its flow. Overtopping of the reservoir, natural spates and valve flushing releases can lead to rises in river level of over 2 metres so it can be fairly described as a high energy system. The Environment Agency have carried out regular electric fishing surveys of the brook, building up a set of data which can be used in the event of drought orders being applied for, to reduce compensation releases from the reservoir. The brook holds a self-sustaining population of brown trout, and good numbers of fish were observed during this visit. BFF were formed in 1984 and currently have about 40 members. They carry out two invertebrate surveys each year which show there is a good diversity of invertebrate life.