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CONSTITUTIONAL and INSTITUTIONAL TOOLKIT for ESTABLISHING the FEDERAL UNITED STATES of EUROPE Striving for Federal Statehood Of CONSTITUTIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL TOOLKIT FOR ESTABLISHING THE FEDERAL UNITED STATES OF EUROPE Striving for federal statehood of Europe is not political ideology but deriving consequences from science FEDERAL ALLIANCE OF EUROPEAN FEDERALISTS (FAEF) Copyright © Federal Alliance of European Federalists ISBN: 978-90-831425-0-0 Publisher: Sterk Leren Academy, March 2021 Printing on demand: JouwBoek.nl - U2pi BV The copyright on this digital Constitutional and Institutional Toolkit for establishing the federal United States of Europe belongs to the Federal Alliance of European Federalists (FAEF). It may be distributed free of charge, but not used for commercial purposes. If the Toolkit is to be used for educational purposes it would be appreciated if you informed us ([email protected]). If you would like to have a hard copy you can order it by clicking this link: https://www.faef.eu/request-for-toolkit/ The price is €34,75, excluding shipping costs. The FAEF is happy to work with individuals and organisations that are striving to create the United States of Europe. For that reason, the FAEF as a federation is an open house for any organisation that wants to help increase the degree of organisation of federal movements. See our website www.faef.eu. Supporting us is highly appreciated. With this Toolkit, a definitive start can be made to create a federal Europe. Finally. It will not be easy. What has gone wrong in Europe in two hundred years since the creation of the first federal state, the US in 1787-1789, cannot be undone in a short time. But the time is ripe. The longer we wait, the more difficult this necessary intervention in the European system of states will be. In a metaphor: after two centuries of talking about the importance of apples in a Europe without apples, it is time to plant an apple tree. Board FAEF (Chapter 17) Leo Klinkers, President Mauro Casarotto, Secretary Peter Hovens, Treasurer Martina Scaccabarozzi, Politics Javier Giner, Communications The Hague, March 2021 2 CONTENTS 1. WHY THIS TOOLKIT? ................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................. 7 1.2 PART A: ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................................................... 10 1.3 PART B: SYNTHESIS .......................................................................................................................................... 12 1.4 PART C: SUPPORTING MATERIAL ........................................................................................................................ 15 1.5 WHY, HOW, WHO AND WHEN .......................................................................................................................... 16 PART A: ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................................................ 17 2. THE EVOLUTION OF STATE SYSTEMS AFTER SYSTEM CRISES ...................................................................... 19 2.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................... 19 2.2 THE SCIENTIFIC FRAMEWORK ............................................................................................................................. 21 2.3 OPEN SYSTEM AND ENTROPY ............................................................................................................................. 22 2.4 NEGATIVE AND POSITIVE FEEDBACK ..................................................................................................................... 23 2.5 THE ADVENT OF NATION-STATE ANARCHY ............................................................................................................. 28 2.6 THE WAR DYNAMICS OF THE EUROPEAN AND GLOBAL STATE SYSTEM ......................................................................... 30 2.7 THE FOUR CYCLES OF WARS/CRISES ..................................................................................................................... 32 2.8 THE FIRST PHASE TRANSITION: 1480-1945 .......................................................................................................... 33 2.9 GROWTH, PACE, AND END OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS ................................................................................................... 34 2.10 A CLOSER LOOK AT THE GROWTH OF EUROPE ...................................................................................................... 37 2.11 REGULATION AND BALANCE ............................................................................................................................. 38 2.12 THE CRITICAL PERIOD AFTER THE SECOND WORLD WAR FROM 1945 TO 1950 ......................................................... 39 2.13 THE SOURCE OF THE POST-WAR CRITICAL PERIOD WAS ALREADY IN THE SECOND WORLD WAR ...................................... 39 2.14 HERTENSTEIN 1946 ....................................................................................................................................... 43 2.15 WINSTON CHURCHILL IN ZURICH 1946 ............................................................................................................. 45 2.16 CONGRESS OF MONTREUX 1947 ..................................................................................................................... 47 2.17 THE EUROPEAN CONGRESS 1948 ..................................................................................................................... 53 2.18 THE SCHUMAN DECLARATION, 9 MAY1950 ...................................................................................................... 55 2.19 THE PERIOD 1945-1950 IN DRAWING .............................................................................................................. 57 2.20 THE PERIOD FROM 1950 TO 2001: REINFORCING THE COURSE OF CHANGE .............................................................. 58 2.20.1 Accelerated and strengthened course .............................................................................................. 59 2.20.2 The drawing of the 1950 to 2001 phase ........................................................................................... 61 2.21 THE PERIOD FROM 2001 TO 2009 ................................................................................................................... 62 2.21.1 The drawing of the 2001 to 2009 phase ........................................................................................... 66 2.22 THE PERIOD FROM 2009 TO 2020 ................................................................................................................... 67 2.22.1 The drawing of the 2009-2020 phase ............................................................................................... 71 2.22.2 Feed-in in addition to negative and positive feedback ..................................................................... 73 2.22.3 The meta-character of the corrective negative feedback ................................................................. 74 2.23 THE CRITICAL PHASE AND THE SYSTEM CRISIS ....................................................................................................... 75 2.23.1 How do you recognise a critical phase? ............................................................................................ 76 2.23.2 The construction of the critical phase between 1945 and 2020 ....................................................... 77 2.23.3 The dating of the coming systemic crisis .......................................................................................... 81 2.24 THE OPTIONS FOR THE EUROPEAN SYSTEM OF STATES AFTER THE CRISIS .................................................................... 84 2.24.1 The rise and fall of one or more autocrats ....................................................................................... 84 2.24.2 Back to the sovereign Westphalian nation-state ............................................................................. 84 2.24.3 The EU will be re-aligned to treaties ................................................................................................ 84 2.24.4 Towards a United States of Europe based on a federal constitution ................................................ 85 2.25 FROM STRIVING FOR A FEDERAL EUROPE TO OPTING FOR INTERGOVERNMENTALISM, TO LOSING ENERGY, TO LOSING IDENTITY, TO PREDICTABLE COLLAPSE ...................................................................................................................................... 85 2.26 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................................ 86 3. SYSTEM ERRORS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION ............................................................................................. 89 3.1 THE SCHUMAN DECLARATION OF 9 MAY 1950: THE MOTHER OF ALL EU SYSTEM ERRORS ............................................. 89 3.2 THE EUROPEAN UNION DIRECTS THE MEMBER STATES AS A CENTRALIZED UNITARY STATE ............................................... 91 3.3 THE EUROPEAN UNION MOCKS THE PRINCIPLES OF DEMOCRACY ..............................................................................
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