Downloaded from Brill.Com10/02/2021 10:45:08AM Via Free Access INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of MYRIAPODOLOGY
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MYRIAPODOLOGY Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 10:45:08AM via free access INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MYRIAPODOLOGY Aims & Scope The International Journal of Myriapodology (IJM), a joint publication of Brill and Pensoft, is an international journal publishing original research on Myriapoda as well as Onychophora which have traditionally been “adopted” by myriapodologists. The journal’s main scope is taxonomy in a broad sense, but includes other disciplines like ecology, evolution, genetics, morphology, palaeontology, parasitology, phylogeny, physiology, and zoogeography. The following categories of papers are considered: • Feature articles – papers based on original research; • Review articles – longer articles, offering a full overview or historical perspective of a topic • Short communications – short (max. 2 pages) articles including correspondence, reports on new species • Book reviews and announcements The journal will be published in an online version as well as on paper. Editorial Board Henrik Enghoff, Copenhagen, Denmark, Editor–in–Chief Pavel Stoev, Sofi a, Bulgaria, Managing Editor Gregory Edgecombe, London, UK Jean-Jacques Geoffroy, Brunoy, France Sergei Golovatch, Moscow, Russia Michelle Hamer, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa Richard L. Hoffman, Martinsville, VA, USA Kiyoshi Ishii, Tochigi, Japan John Lewis, Somerset, UK Alessandro Minelli, Padova, Italia Luis Pereira, La Plata, Argentina Petra Sierwald, Chicago, IL, USA Marzio Zapparoli, Viterbo, Italy Notes for Contributors Authors are strongly encouraged to submit their manuscript online via the Editorial Manager (EM) online submission system at http://www.editorialmanager.com/IJM. Please reffer to the instructions for authors on IJM's web site at http://www.brill.nl/ijm The International Journal of Myriapodology (print ISSN 1875-2535, online ISSN 1875-2543) is published two times a year jointly by Pensoft and Brill. BRILL P.O. Box 9000, 2300 PA, Leiden, Th e Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] www.brill.nl Pensoft Publishers Geo Milev Str. 13a, Sofi a 1111, Bulgaria. E-mail: [email protected] www.pensoft.net Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 10:45:08AM via free access INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MYRIAPODOLOGY Volume 3 – No. 1 (2010) Leiden–Boston Sofia–Moscow Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 10:45:08AM via free access NOTES FOR CONTRIBUTORS Manuscripts Contributions to International Journal of Myriapodology must be written in English and clearly typewritten with numbered pages, double line spacing and wide margins throughout. Th e text should be in Times New Roman, left-justifi ed, with font size 12, without column or page breaks, without word hyphenations. Positions within the text of fi gures and tables should be indicated. Before submitting an article, contributors should view the guidelines for authors on the IJM website at http://www.editorialmanager.com/ijm/ BRILL & PENSOFT LEIDEN . BOSTON SOFIA . MOSCOW © Koninklijke Brill NV & Pensoft Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints BRILL, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publishers. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by the publisher provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 10:45:08AM via free access Revision of the genus Propolyxenus 1 International Journal of Myriapodology 3 (2010) 1-17 Sofi a–Moscow Revision of the genus Propolyxenus Silvestri with description of a new species Megan Short¹* & Cuong Huynh¹ 1 Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, Melbourne, Australia * Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Examination of the syntypes of the species Propolyxenus aegeus Silvestri, 1948 has enabled a more complete set of diagnostic characteristics to be described for the genus Propolyxenus. On the basis of these charac- teristics it is confi rmed that 5 previously described species should remain in the genus while the inclusion of P. crassisetosus Marquet & Conde, 1950 is questioned. A new species of Propolyxenus from Southern Australia is described. Key words Myriapoda, Diplopoda, Penicillata, Polyxenida, Polyxenus, new species, distribution Introduction Th e genera Polyxenus and Propolyxenus can be distinguished from all other genera in the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda, Polyxenida) by the presence of two caudal bundles of trichomes, a fan-shaped arrangement of trichomes dorsal to the caudal bundles (to be referred to subsequently as ornamental trichomes), and caudal trichomes with the same hooked shape (Fig. 1). Th e genus Polyxenus was fi rst described by Latreille (1802/1803). In 1948 Silvestri created the genus Propolyxenus for the type species Propolyxenus aegeus. Silvestri’s description of the genus and the type species is very brief with the only dis- tinguishing character being three rows of trichomes per tergite in contrast to two rows in the genus Polyxenus. Subsequent to P. aegeus, three more species were described in the genus Propolyxenus: P. lawrencei Conde, 1949, P. crassisetosus Marquet & Conde, 1950, and P. forsteri Conde, 1951. As well, two species formerly in the genus Polyxenus were reassigned to the genus Propolyxenus: P. trivittatus (Verhoeff , 1941) by Conde & © Koninklijke Brill NV and Pensoft, 2010 DOI: 10.1163/187525410X12578602960263 Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 10:45:08AM via free access 2 Megan Short & Cuong Huynh / International Journal of Myriapodology 3 (2010) 1-17 Figure 1. Characteristic arrangement of caudal trichomes and structure of the main caudal trichome in the genera Polyxenus and Propolyxenus. Two bundles of predominantly hook-shaped trichomes with fan of dorso-medially attached long barbate ornamental trichomes. Enlarged view of the distal head of a hooked trichome (not to scale). Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin (1971) and P. patagonicus (Silvestri, 1903) by Conde & Mas- soud (1975). In this paper the type specimens of P. aegeus are re-examined and the spe- cies redescribed in order to clarify the diagnostic features of the genus Propolyxenus. Th e morphological characters of P. aegeus are compared with those of Polyxenus lagurus (L., 1758) as described by Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin (1982, 1987) and observed in speci- mens of P. lagurus from France. A new species of Propolyxenus from Southern Australia is described. A key is given for identifi cation of species within the genus. Materials and methods Specimens were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. For light mi- croscopy, preparations were made of specimens of P. aegeus and P. australis. Specimens were cleared in 15% potassium hydroxide, heated in a water-bath for 2 minutes at 80° C, then neutralised in 20% acetic acid for 2 minutes, rinsed in distilled water and dehydrated in a series of ethanol baths prior to staining with 1% Fast Green solution to increase contrast. Th e head and body were separated, the body cut open with a sin- gle latero-longitudinal incision and contents removed. After rinsing in 100% ethanol, stained specimens were transferred to 100% isopropanol, then xylene and mounted on slides with DPX. A scanning electron micrograph (SEM) was obtained for an adult male P. australis sp. n. Th e specimen was fi xed in 70% ethanol, prior to being gently mounted on stubs using adhesive tabs, air-dried and sputter coated with gold before being examined with a Philips XL20 scanning electron microscope. Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 10:45:08AM via free access Revision of the genus Propolyxenus 3 Systematics Order Polyxenida Verhoeff , 1934 Superfamily Polyxenoidea Lucas, 1840 Family Polyxenidae Lucas, 1840 Genus Propolyxenus Silvestri, 1948 Silvestri (1948) created the genus Propolyxenus for specimens collected on the island of Rhodes in Greece and described as a new species Propolyxenus aegeus. Propolyxenus aegeus Silvestri, 1948 Figures 2-12 Material examined: 30 syntypes preserved in alcohol and deposited in the Museo Civi- co di Storia Naturale di Genova, Italy. Th e specimens were labelled ‘Propolyxenus aegeus Silv. Rodi, Pelecano, 29 March 1935’, and comprise 7 adult females, 8 adult males and 1 sub-adult female. Th e sex of a further 14 immature specimens could not be de- termined. Five specimens were damaged. Microscope preparations were made of two adults of each sex for examination of diagnostic features. Revised description Coloration: Body pale yellow due to prolonged immersion in alcohol. Of the small number of trichomes retained, most colourless; a small number in the vertex region of the head dark brown. Measurements: Average body length without caudal bundle: adult males 3.07 mm (N=3), female adults 3.37 mm (N=3). Caudal bundle length 0.5 mm for each sex. Th ese measurements diff er from those reported by Silvestri (body length 4.8 mm) and may refl ect the degree of dehydration of the body since publication of Silvestri’s description 60 years ago (Silvestri 1948). Head (Fig. 2): Six ocelli each side with 3 tergal, 3 laterally placed: 1 anterior, 1 medial and 1 posterior-sternal. Vertex with 2 anterior clusters of 26 trichomes, and two posterior bands with a variable number of trichomes (as determined by examination of trichome