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WOA04 Dagli Oggetti Agli Agenti, Sistemi Complessi E Agenti Razionali

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WOA04 Dagli Oggetti Agli Agenti, Sistemi Complessi E Agenti Razionali dagli Oggetti agli Agenti Sistemi Complessi e Agenti Razionali Torino (Italia), 30 novembre 2004 – 1 dicembre 2004 Atti delle giornate di lavoro a cura di: Matteo Baldoni, Flavio De Paoli, Alberto Martelli e Andrea Omicini Organizzato da: Associazione Italiana per l'Intelligenza Artificiale Associazione Italiana Tecnologie Avanzate basate su concetti Orientati ad Oggetti Con il patrocinio del Dipartimento di Informatica e dell'Universita' degli Studi di Torino http://woa04.unito.it [email protected] PREFAZIONE Le tecnologie degli agenti stanno assumendo un ruolo centrale non solo nel settore dell’intelligenza artificiale, ma anche in settori più tradizionali dell’informatica quali l’ingegneria del software e i linguaggi di programmazione, dove il concetto di agente viene considerato una naturale estensione di quello di oggetto. L’importanza di queste tecniche è dimostrata anche in ambito industriale dall’interesse per il loro utilizzo nella realizzazione di strumenti e applicazioni in molteplici aree. Il presente volume raccoglie gli atti della quinta edizione delle giornate di lavoro “dagli Oggetti agli Agenti” edizione 2004, dedicata al tema “Sistemi Complessi e Agenti Razionali”. Le giornate di lavoro sono state organizzate dal gruppo di lavoro “Sistemi ad Agente e Multiagente” dell'Associazione Italiana per l'Intelligenza Artificiale (AI*IA) e l'Associazione Italiana Tecnologie Avanzate Basate su Concetti Orientati ad Agenti (TABOO) in collaborazione con il Dipartimento di Informatica dell'Università degli Studi di Torino, gruppo di lavoro “Logic Programming and Automated Reasoning”. I venti articoli di questa collezione comprendono sei lavori che, avendo come primo autore uno studente, hanno partecipato al premio studenti, alla sua prima edizione ed indetto in occasione della prima miniscuola organizzata in occasione delle giornate di lavoro. Titolo della miniscuola “Agenti e Oggetti @ Work”. L'evento si è svolto nei giorni 29 e 30 novembre e 1 dicembre 2004, presso il Dipartimento di Informatica dell'Università degli Studi di Torino, enti patrocinanti. Un particolare ringraziamento va al comitato organizzatore locale, in particolare a Cristina Baroglio per la realizzazione del sito, allo staff tecnico del Dipartimento di Informatica e a Simone Donetti per il software OpenChair. Torino, 4 novembre 2004. Matteo Baldoni, Flavio De Paoli, Alberto Martelli e Andrea Omicini Gli atti delle giornate di lavoro sono pubblicati dalla Pitagora Editrice Bologna, ISBN 88-371-1533-4. I COMITATO SCIENTIFICO ORGANIZZATORE Matteo Baldoni (Univ. di Torino) Flavio De Paoli (Univ. di Milano – Bicocca) Alberto Martelli (Univ. di Torino) Andrea Omicini (Univ. di Bologna – Cesena) COMITATO ORGANIZZATORE LOCALE Matteo Baldoni (Univ. di Torino) Cristina Baroglio (Univ. di Torino) Alberto Martelli (Univ. di Torino) – Presidente Viviana Patti (Univ. di Torino) COMITATO DI PROGRAMMA Stefania Bandini (Univ. di Milano – Bicocca) Pietro Baroni (Univ. di Brescia) Carlo Bellettini (Univ. di Milano) Fabio Bellifemine (TILab) Federico Bergenti (Univ. di Parma) Enrico Blanzieri (Univ. di Trento) Paolo Bouquet (Univ. di Trento e IRST) Giacomo Cabri (Univ. di Modena e Reggio Emilia) Marco Cadoli (Univ. di Roma "La Sapienza") Giancarlo Cherchi (Univ. di Cagliari) Marco Colombetti (Politecnico di Milano) Francesco Donini (Univ. della Tuscia – Viterbo) Rino Falcone (ISTC-CNR) Letizia Leonardi (Univ. di Modena e Reggio Emilia) Marco Mamei (Univ. di Modena e Reggio Emilia) Sara Manzoni (Univ. di Milano – Bicocca) Viviana Mascardi (Univ. di Genova) Emanuela Merelli (Univ. di Camerino) Rebecca Montanari (Univ. di Bologna) Maria Teresa Pazienza (Univ. di Roma – Tor Vergata) Alessandro Ricci (Univ. di Bologna – Cesena) Giovanni Rimassa (Univ. di Parma) Corrado Santoro (Univ. di Catania) Carla Simone (Univ. di Milano – Bicocca) Eloisa Vargiu (Univ. di Cagliari) Mirko Viroli (Univ. di Bologna – Cesena) Giuseppe Vizzari (Univ. di Milano – Bicocca) DIRETTIVO WOA Giuliano Armano (Univ. di Cagliari) Antonio Corradi (Univ. di Bologna) Flavio De Paoli (Univ. di Milano – Bicocca) Andrea Omicini (Univ. di Bologna – Cesena) Agostino Poggi (Univ. di Parma) Franco Zambonelli (Univ. di Modena e R. Emilia) II INDICE DEI LAVORI Evaluating Trust Among Agents . PAG. 1 GIACOMO CABRI, LUCA FERRARI, LETIZIA LEONARDI Customer information sharing between e-commerce applications . PAG. 5 BARBARA NEGRO, ANGELO DIFINO, FABIO BELLIFEMINE, GIOVANNA PETRONE, LUCA DI COSTA, MARCO BOTTA, LILIANA ARDISSONO A Game-Theoretic Operational Semantics . PAG. 13 ARIANNA TOCCHIO, STEFANIA COSTANTINI, ALESSIA VERTICCHIO On the use of Erlang as a Promising Language to Develop Agent Systems . PAG. 22 CORRADO SANTORO, ANTONELLA DI STEFANO A Multi-Agent System to Support Remote Software Development . PAG. 30 MARCO MARI, LORENZO LAZZARI, AGOSTINO POGGI, PAOLA TURCI GrEASe: Grid Environment based on Agent Services . PAG. 37 ANTONIO BOCCALATTE, ALBERTO GROSSO, CHRISTIAN VECCHIOLA, SARA FAZZARI, SILVIA GATTO Design and development of a visual environment for writing DyLOG programs . PAG. 43 CLAUDIO SCHIFANELLA, LUCA LUSSO, MATTEO BALDONI, CRISTINA BAROGLIO Using Method Engineering for the Construction of Agent-Oriented Methodologies . PAG. 51 GIANCARLO FORTINO, ALFREDO GARRO, WILMA RUSSO A Personal Agent Supporting Ubiquitous Interaction . PAG. 55 GIOVANNI COZZOLONGO, BERARDINA DE CAROLIS, SEBASTIANO PIZZUTILO Un'applicazione di e-government per la gestione di gare d'appalto nella Pubblica Amministrazione . PAG. 62 ALBERTO GROSSO, MAURO COCCOLI, ANTONIO BOCCALATTE Coordinated Change of State for Situated Agents . PAG. 69 GIUSEPPE VIZZARI, STEFANIA BANDINI Timed Coordination Artifacts with ReSpecT . PAG. 77 MIRKO VIROLI, ALESSANDRO RICCI Commutation as an emergent phenomenon of residential and industrial location decisions: from a microeconomic to a MMASS-based model . PAG. 86 ALEXANDER KAUFMANN, SARA MANZONI, ANDREAS RESETARITS Organizations as Socially Constructed Agents in the Agent Oriented Paradigm . PAG. 93 GUIDO BOELLA, LEENDERT VAN DER TORRE A Conceptual Framework for Self-Organising MAS . PAG. 100 ANDREA OMICINI, ALESSANDRO RICCI, MIRKO VIROLI, CRISTIANO CASTELFRANCHI, LUCA TUMMOLINI III Engineering Trust in Complex System through Mediating Infrastructures . PAG. 110 ALESSANDRO RICCI, ANDREA OMICINI OWLBeans - From ontologies to Java classes . PAG. 116 MICHELE TOMAIUOLO, FEDERICO BERGENTI, AGOSTINO POGGI, PAOLA TURCI Spatial Computing: the TOTA Approach . PAG. 126 MARCO MAMEI, FRANCO ZAMBONELLI Simulation in the textile industry: production planning optimization . PAG. 143 GIANLUIGI FERRARIS, MATTEO MORINI An agent-based matchmaker . PAG. 150 FLAVIO CORRADINI, CHIARA ERCOLI, EMANUELA MERELLI, BARBARA RE IV Evaluating Trust Among Agents GIACOMO CABRI, LUCA FERRARI, LETIZIA LEONARDI Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione – Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia Via Vignolese, 905 – 41100 Modena – ITALY Phone: +39-059-2056190 – Fax: +39-059-2056126 E-mail: {cabri.giacomo, ferrari.luca, leonardi.letizia}@unimo.it Abstract – Agent-based applications are more and more thanks to which agents will be able to start or reject an exploited in the development of distributed systems, with interaction with more confidence. particular regard to the Internet ones. Even if the Our study is related to mobile agents, since they are development of agent-based applications is not so difficult an exploited technology in the development of distributed today – thanks to new paradigms and techniques – and Internet-based applications today. Furthermore, since security problems are still present. In particular, it is interactions between agents are often exploited to carry important to deal with security of the data exchanged out a task, and since there are good proposals that model between agents at runtime. In fact, agents are social, and interactions exploiting the concept of role [1, 4, 5, 6], our they interact with other agents in order to carry out approach explicitly introduces the trust in the assumed specific tasks. Since interacting agents could be role too. developed by different programmers, or provided by The paper is organized as follows: section 2 different third parties, there is the risk that the interacting introduces other concepts about trust, section 3 explains counterpart could act maliciously with the received data. how our approach computes the trust level between In this paper we propose an approach based on the agents, while section 4 details the Java implementation of concept of trust, which is more dynamic and adaptable our approach. Finally section 5 gives conclusions. than security, in order to evaluate if an interaction can be done or not. 2. About Trust Keywords: Agents, Roles, Interactions, Trust The concept of trust applied to computer science is 1. Introduction not new, and in fact we can find other studies in [2, 7, 11]. What these studies emphasize is that trust can be the In agent-based applications, interactions among compound result of trust assigned to different agents are largely exploited in order to use services that components, thus it is not possible to evaluate the global they can provide. This situation leads to a continue trust before having evaluated each component. cooperation between agents developed by different Furthermore, trust depends on not immediately visible programmers and provided by different vendors, properties, and in particular it is based on the capability of cooperation that often requires a data exchange. Often, the predicting these properties and of trusting
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