Proceedings of the 9Th International Workshop on Folk Music Analysis (FMA2019)
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Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Folk Music Analysis (FMA2019) Editors: Islah Ali-MacLachlan and Jason Hockman Chair: Islah Ali-MacLachlan 2nd-4th July 2019 Birmingham City University Birmingham, UK Contents Programme committee iii Multi-media recordings of traditional Georgian vocal music for computational analysis - Frank Scherbaum (University of Potsdam), Nana Mzhavanadze (University of Potsdam), Se- bastian Rosenzweig (University of Erlangen) and Meinard Mueller (University of Erlangen) 1 Painting blue { on measuring intonation in Hardanger fiddle tunes- Per Asmund˚ Omholt (University of South-Eastern Norway) 7 Timing-sound interactions in traditional Scandinavian fiddle mu- sic: Preliminary findings and implications - Mats Johansson (University of South-Eastern Norway) 9 Phrasing Practices in Norwegian Sl˚atteMusic - Preliminary re- sults and methodological considerations - Anders Erik Røine (University of South-East Norway) 13 Analysis of mutual influence of music and text in Svan songs - Nana Mzhavanadze (University of Potsdam) and Madona Chamgeliani (Lidbashi Foundation) 15 Toledo, Rome and the origins of Gregorian chant - An alterna- tive hypothesis - Geert Maessen (Gregoriana Amsterdam) 21 Aspects of melody generation for the lost chant of the Mozarabic Rite - Geert Maessen (Gregoriana Amsterdam) 23 Content-based music retrieval of Irish traditional music via a virtual tin whistle - Pierre Beauguitte and Hung-Chuan Huang (Technological University Dublin) 25 Modelling of local tempo change with applications to Lithuanian traditional singing - Rytis Ambrazeviˇcius(Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania) 27 i Towards singing perception universals - Polina Proutskova (Queen Mary, University of London) 33 - Automatic comparison of human music, speech, and bird song suggests uniqueness of human scales - Jiei Kuroyanagi (Keio University, Japan), Shoichiro Sato (Keio University, Japan), Meng-Jou Ho (Keio University, Japan), Gakuto Chiba (Keio University, Japan), Joren Six (Ghent University, Belgium), Peter Pfordresher (University at Buffalo, NY), Adam Tier- ney (Birbeck, University of London), Shinya Fujii (Keio Uni- versity, Japan) and Patrick Savage (Keio University, Japan) 35 Automatic comparison of global children's and adult songs sup- ports a sensorimotor hypothesis for the origin of musical scales - Shoichiro Sato (Keio University, Japan), Joren Six (Ghent University, Belgium), Peter Pfordresher (University at Buffalo, NY, USA), Shinya Fujii (Keio University, Japan) and Patrick Savage (Keio University, Japan) 41 Country classification with feature selection and network con- struction for folk tunes - Cornelia Metzig (Queen Mary Uni- versity, London), Roshani Abbey (Royal Academy of Music, London), Mark Sandler (Queen Mary University, London), and Caroline Colijn (Simon Fraser University, Canada) 47 - On the singer's formant in Lithuanian traditional singing - Robertas Budrys and Rytis Ambrazeviˇcius(Kaunas Univer- sity of Technology, Lithuania) 49 Chroma Feature Visualization for Hindustani Classical Music - - Sauhaarda Chowdhuri (Resoniq Research) 55 ii Programme Committee Chairs Jason Hockman (Birmingham City University, UK) • Islah Ali-MacLachlan (Birmingham City University, UK) • Members Pierre Beauguitte (DIT, Dublin, Ireland) • Emmanouil Benetos (Queen Mary University, London, UK) • Baris Bozkurt (Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain) • Emilios Cambouropoulos (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece) • David Carroll (DIT, Dublin, Ireland) • Matthew Cheshire (Birmingham City University, UK) • Darrell Conklin (University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donos- • tia - San Sebasti´an,Spain) Jake Drysdale (Birmingham City University, UK) • Carl Southall (Birmingham City University, UK) • Maciek Tomczak (Birmingham City University, UK) • Costas Tsougras (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece) • Peter Van Kranenburg (Meertens Institute, Amsterdam, The Nether- • lands) Chris Walshaw (Old Royal Naval College, London, UK) • iii MULTI-MEDIA RECORDINGS OF TRADITIONAL GEORGIAN VOCAL MUSIC FOR COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS Frank Scherbaum Nana Mzhavanadze Sebastian Rosenzweig Meinard Muller¨ University of Potsdam University of Potsdam University of Erlangen University of Erlangen frank.scherbaum nana.mzhavanadze sebastian.rosenzweig meinard.mueller @uni-potsdam.de @uni-potsdam.de @audiolabs-erlangen.de @audiolabs-erlangen.de ABSTRACT crossroads of Europe and Asia where very old (presumably pre-Christian) traditions are still cultivated as part of daily Traditional multipart-singing is an essential component of the na- tional identity of Georgia. It has been an active field of ethno- life. Svan songs as parts of these rituals occupy a special musicological research since more than 100 years, with a whole place within the Georgian music and are still maintained series of thematically very diverse research questions. Here, we in a comparatively original form due to the remote geo- report on the generation of a new research corpus of traditional graphic location. The style of Svan multi-part singing has Georgian vocal music collected during a three-month field expe- been described in different terms as chordal unit polyphony dition in 2016. It employs new and partially unconventional field recording techniques and is intended particularly for the appli- Aslanishvili (2010), or drone dissonant polyphony Jorda- cation of modern computational analysis methods. To circum- nia (2010), and the judgments regarding the importance of vent the source separation problem for multiple singing voices the (moving) drone and/or of the role of dissonances differ in field expeditions, we used larynx microphones to record skin between authors, e. g. between Dirr (1914) and Jordania vibrations close to the larynx (additionally to using conventional audio and video equipment). The resulting multi-media record- (2006). Consensus, however, exists on the hypothesis that ings comprise audio and video material for more than two hun- Svan music represents the oldest still living form of Geor- dred performances, including more than fourteen hundred audio gian vocal polyphony. tracks based on different types of microphones (headset, larynx, ambient, directional), video tracks, as well as written documents There have been considerable efforts in the past to of interviews with the performers. We demonstrate that the sys- record traditional Svan music, first with phonographs, later tematic use of larynx microphones, which to our knowledge has with tape recorders. Already more than 100 years ago, never been used before on a larger scale in ethno-musicological Dirr (1914) discussed the musical characteristics of phono- field expeditions, opens up new avenues for subsequent compu- graph recordings from Svaneti (North-Western Georgia), tational analysis regarding a multitude of aspects including pitch tracking, harmonic and melodic analysis, as well as for documen- which had been collected by Paliashvili (1909). Unfor- tation and archiving purposes. tunately, most recordings of Svan songs from the early days of the last century have not survived the ravages of 1. INTRODUCTION time. The few audio files obtained are mostly in very poor quality. On the other hand, the Tbilisi Conservatory has There have been many efforts in the past to document also made recordings since the 1950s. These recordings, and record the rich musical heritage of traditional Geor- however, were lost during construction work in the 1990s. gian polyphonic music, pioneered by phonograph record- It should also be noted that during the 1980s, a set of ings more than a century ago. However, many of them recordings with the Mestia Regional Folk Song and Dance have been lost over the years and the available historic au- Ensemble Riho were made in the voice recording studio dio recordings are often of insufficient quality for the ap- Melodia. These recordings, however, were only released plication of modern, quantitative analysis techniques. A very recently, see Khardziani (2017). A small number of notable exception, regarding the applicability of comput- more recent audio recordings were made by ethnomusicol- erized analysis tools, is the collection of historical record- ogists Malkhaz Erkvanidze and Keti Matiashvili in 2004 ings by master chanter Artem Erkomaishvili. This dataset (recordings of approximately 25 songs in Lower Svaneti), was processed and enriched by features informatically ex- and between 2007 and 2010 by the State Center of Folk- tracted from the recordings, see Muller¨ et al. (2017) (ac- lore under the supervision of ethnomusicologist Nato Zum- 1 companied by a website ). badze, both in Lower and Upper Svaneti, partly with sev- In 2015, a pilot project was carried out to test the use- eral microphones and in a mobile recording studio. In ad- fulness of body vibration recordings for ethnomusicolog- dition, within the crowd-funded Svan Recording Project ical purposes, see Scherbaum (2016). Based on this ex- performed by American singer Carl Linnich in 2010 with perience, we started during the summer of 2016 to col- members of the Riho Ensemble in Lengeri, 32 songs were lect a new set of field recordings of traditional Georgian supposedly recorded. However, it is not known to us if vocal music. The regional focus of our field work was this project was completed. In conclusion, before our own on Upper Svaneti, which is one of the rare regions in the field expedition described in this paper, the publicly avail- 1 https://www.audiolabs-erlangen.de/resources/MIR/2017- able audio