DOCSLIB.ORG

Draft Dissertation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

UNIVERSITETET I OSLO Technocratic dreams and troublesome beneficiaries The Sardar Sarovar (Narmada) Project in Gujarat Guro Aandahl Centre for Development and the Environment Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD in Human Geography Department of Sociology and Human Geography Faculty of Social Sciences University of Oslo TABLE OF CONTENTS Tables and illustrations vi Glossary viii Acknowledgements ix 1. Introduction 1 Purpose and research questions 3 The Sardar Sarovar Project in brief 4 Human geography, dams, and development 5 Outline of the dissertation 6 PART ONE. DAMS AND DEVELOPMENT: FROM TVA TO THE WORLD COMMISSION ON DAMS 9 2. Dams and development in a historical perspective 11 America, TVA and the Prototypical Development Project 11 Metaphors of modern irrigation 14 A model for foreign assistance 16 From TVA to Sardar Sarovar 17 The importance of British India 18 The colonial impact on Indian agriculture 20 Indian pre-colonial water technologies: managing rain, rivers and ground water 20 Monsoon agriculture and risk 21 Colonial canal construction: Famine prevention or exploitation? 22 Impacts of colonial canal irrigation 24 Key themes in critical irrigation studies 27 Warnings of expanded state power 27 Dams and “high-modernism” 33 Communities and ecological sensitivity 36 Did the British destroy traditional Indian irrigation systems? 38 New traditionalism and notions of ‘community’ 42 Development Utopias: high modernist or simple traditionalist? 44 Summary 46 3. Water in Gujarat 49 Rain, rivers, and groundwater 49 i Droughts and distress 53 Irrigation 55 Political economy of irrigation 57 British rule and groundwater policies 57 Escalating groundwater extraction 59 Surface water schemes and dams 61 Summary 63 4. The sixty-year project: A brief historical overview of the SSP 65 Inter-state water sharing disputes (1946-1979) 65 A growing resistance movement (1980-1993) 68 Exit World Bank 72 After the World Bank: Financial problems and delays (1994-2009) 74 Summary 77 5. Narmada and the international dam debate – an overview 79 The general critique of large dams 80 The role of Sardar Sarovar in the anti-dam movement 83 The World Bank and its critics 85 The consolidation of the transnational anti-dam movement 87 The World Commission on Dams 88 Some remarks on political strategy 91 Narmada as a research case 92 An overview of perspectives and findings 93 Assumptions about command area development 102 Academic neutrality, sympathy and critique: a fine balance 104 Concluding remarks: Narmada and the Western destruction narrative 107 6. Methodology 109 The data material 109 Sources on the planning process and ideas of ‘development’ 110 Government data on implementation 113 Snowballing for government informants 114 Village case study 115 Selecting case villages 115 Village field research 118 Reliability and validity of household survey 120 ii Complicating factors in field research 123 Identification or anonymity of informants and case villages 125 Case study as research strategy 126 Types of case studies 127 Theoretical generalization from case studies 129 SSP, Krushigam and Motugam – what kinds of cases are they? 134 Epistemological issues – pragmatism and hermeneutics 135 Theory as explanation 137 PART TWO. THE SARDAR SAROVAR PROJECT AND CHANGING IDEAS OF ‘DEVELOPMENT’ 139 7. Development, growth and modernisation 141 Modernisation theory 141 Development economics 143 Universalistic assumptions 145 Modernisation as ends or means? 147 Poverty as a residue of the past 149 Growing development critique 150 Changes in perspectives and concerns 152 Modernisation theory and India 154 Dams in modernizing India 156 Summary 158 8. Planning for everything – the Sardar Sarovar Project plan 161 The Narmada Planning Group 161 Main aims of the Sardar Sarovar Project 165 Innovative features of the SSP 168 Technological innovations 169 Regionalisation and integrated scientific planning 171 Managerial innovations: Participatory Irrigation Management 175 A development planner’s perspective 178 Water distribution as spatial injustice 179 The planners’ blind spots 183 Changing zeitgeist – shift in battlefield 191 The SSP - A “victim of time”? 192 iii The planners in defence 193 “No Cancelling Tomorrow” - Defending ‘Development’ 195 The environmental challenge 197 The human rights challenge – displacement and rehabilitation 199 Explaining planning processes 202 Interests or ideas? 203 Rendering development technical 206 Indian technocratic planning 207 Role of science 209 Summary 211 PART THREE. IMPLEMENTATION AND THE POLITICS BEYOND PLANNING 215 Explanations of implementation failure 217 9. Village stratification, water, and poverty 223 Does irrigation trickle down? 223 Krushigam 228 Motugam 232 Agriculture and poverty in Krushigam and Motugam 239 The landless poor 243 Labour relations 245 …as seen from the labourers 245 …and from the farmers’ perspectives 247 Whose reality counts? 249 What difference does water make for poverty? 251 Summary 252 10. The Troublesome Beneficiaries 255 The official SSP irrigation policy 256 Interim policy 260 Sardar Sarovar Project in Krushigam, Jambusar 262 WUAs, knowledge and participation 262 Process 1: Obstructing canal construction 266 Process 2: Farmers’ campaign for project performance 270 Is Jambusar exceptional? 275 Other villages 276 Other studies of SSP: Broken canals and broken promises 278 iv Irrigators in the past 279 Conclusion: Revisiting the disempowerment argument 282 11. Beyond corruption 285 “They are all percentage-wallahs” – the discourse of corruption 285 ”We are not social workers” 291 Farmer-government encounter at Khandha Test Farm 296 Dilemmas seen from the top level 300 The balancing acts of government engineers 305 Summary 307 12. Water: an unwieldy and political resource 309 The story of the Narmada baknari 310 The solution: the Panam High-Level Canal 317 The Shriraj check-dam scheme 319 Farmers prefer wells 320 The ups and downs of cooperative irrigation management 323 Resource allocation and political mediators 325 Summary 326 CONCLUSION 329 Technocratic dreams 331 The troublesome beneficiaries 332 Seeing like an engineer? 335 Ideas matter 337 Appendices 343 1. Informants 344 2. Questionnaires 346 3. Rainfall data for Gujarat and regionalisation 354 4. Members of Narmada Planning Group 360 5. Sardar Sarovar Project planning studies 361 6. Important events in the SSP conflict 364 7. Official letters to and from the sarpanch of Motugam 365 References 370 v Tables and illustrations Figures FIGURE 1. RAINFALL IN GUJARAT, 1951-2008 IN MILLIMETERS. ......................................................................................... 50 FIGURE 2. MONTHLY RAINFALL, AVERAGE 2004-2008, REGIONS OF GUJARAT ...................................................................... 51 FIGURE 3. FLUCTUATIONS IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, GUJARAT, 1970-1990 .............................................................. 166 FIGURE 5. SKETCH OF CANAL NETWORK. ....................................................................................................................... 257 Tables TABLE 1. TYPES OF CASES FOUND IN BRYMAN (2004), CRESWELL (1998), FLYVBJERG (2003), AND YIN (2003). ..................... 128 TABLE 2. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF ESTIMATED POPULATION BY PER CAPITA MONTHLY EXPENDITURE CLASSES AND HOUSEHOLD TYPES (1982).. .............................................................................................................................................. 184 TABLE 3. MAIN INCOME SOURCE OF HOUSEHOLD, KRUSHIGAM, % (N) ............................................................................... 229 TABLE 4. CASTE-WISE COMPOSITION OF POPULATION IN KRUSHIGAM, % (N) ....................................................................... 231 TABLE 5. LANDOWNERSHIP AND OPERATIONAL HOLDINGS, KRUSHIGAM, % (N). ................................................................... 232 TABLE 6. MAIN SOURCE OF INCOME, HOUSEHOLDS, MOTUGAM AND HAMLETS, %, (N) ......................................................... 234 TABLE 7. LAND OWNERSHIP AND OPERATIONAL HOLDINGS, MOTUGAM, % (N) .................................................................... 235 TABLE 8. MAIN CASTES OF MOTUGAM, % (N) ............................................................................................................... 236 TABLE 9. MEAN SIZE OF LANDHOLDING, CULTIVATING CASTES, MOTUGAM, ACRES ................................................................ 237 TABLE 10. WELL OWNERSHIP AMONG CULTIVATING CASTES, MOTUGAM, % (N) .................................................................. 237 TABLE 11. WELL OWNERSHIP ACCORDING TO LANDHOLDING SIZE, MOTUGAM, % (N) ........................................................... 238 TABLE 12. BELOW POVERTY LINE HOUSEHOLDS, % (N), KRUSHIGAM AND MOTUGAM .......................................................... 240 TABLE 13. HOUSEHOLDS WHERE THE RESPONDENT HAD LOST ONE OR MORE CHILDREN BELOW THE AGE OF 5, % (N) ................... 241 TABLE 14. FOOD SECURITY KRUSHIGAM AND MOTUGAM, % (N) ....................................................................................... 242 TABLE 15. WAGE LEVELS FOR MAIN LABOUR TASKS OF DIFFERENT SEASONS, KRUSHIGAM ....................................................... 248 TABLE 16. FARMERS' MEMBERSHIP IN WATER USERS’ ASSOCIATION, KRUSHIGAM, % (N)...................................................... 263 TABLE 17. DISTRICTWISE ANNUAL RAINFALL, 1951-1990 ..............................................................................................
Recommended publications

  • Integrating 1D-2D Hydrodynamic Model for Sabarmati Upper River Basin with Special Reference to Ahmedabad City Area

    1 INTEGRATING 1D-2D HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL FOR SABARMATI UPPER RIVER BASIN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AHMEDABAD CITY AREA. Sejal Chandel ˡ, Dr. Suvarna Shah² ˡ PG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Engineering , The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India ²Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Engineering ,The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India [email protected] [email protected] Abstract In recent study, Gujarat has become one of the India’s most urbanized state, causing severe flash flooding. The Sabarmati river is one of the major west-flowing rivers in India and biggest river of north Gujarat. Urbanization should meet the population’s need by enlargement of paved areas, which has unusually changed the catchment’s hydrological and hydraulic characteristic. Therefore, the frequency of flash flooding in Sabarmati river has been increased. The Sabarmati river basin experienced eight times devastating flooding condition between 1972 to 2020.Among which July 2017 flooding event breakdown a 112 years old record of 1905. The Dharoi dam and Wasna barrage on Sabarmati river and surrounding district Kheda, Mehsana, Gandhinagar, Ahmedabad received a huge rainfall caused anomalous inflow to tributary which forced the dam authorities to release huge discharge in short duration. The Sabarmati riverfront of Ahmedabad had been going under water for five days due incessant rainfall in the city that leads to swelling of the Sabarmati River in 2017. In order to determine extent of Inundation, Hydrodynamic Model HEC-RAS(5.0.6) with Arc GIS was used. Various scenarios were run to study the impact of simulation on flood inundation(with & without riverfront project).The simulated flood depths have been compared with actual depths obtained at gauging station, which were collected from Government authorities.
  • Prayer Cards | Joshua Project

    Prayer Cards | Joshua Project

    Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Adi Andhra in India Adi Dravida in India Population: 307,000 Population: 8,598,000 World Popl: 307,800 World Popl: 8,598,000 Total Countries: 2 Total Countries: 1 People Cluster: South Asia Dalit - other People Cluster: South Asia Dalit - other Main Language: Telugu Main Language: Tamil Main Religion: Hinduism Main Religion: Hinduism Status: Unreached Status: Unreached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 0.86% Chr Adherents: 0.09% Scripture: Complete Bible Scripture: Complete Bible Source: Anonymous www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Dr. Nagaraja Sharma / Shuttersto "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Adi Karnataka in India Agamudaiyan in India Population: 2,974,000 Population: 888,000 World Popl: 2,974,000 World Popl: 906,000 Total Countries: 1 Total Countries: 2 People Cluster: South Asia Dalit - other People Cluster: South Asia Hindu - other Main Language: Kannada Main Language: Tamil Main Religion: Hinduism Main Religion: Hinduism Status: Unreached Status: Unreached Evangelicals: Unknown % Evangelicals: Unknown % Chr Adherents: 0.51% Chr Adherents: 0.50% Scripture: Complete Bible Scripture: Complete Bible www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Anonymous Source: Anonymous "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Agamudaiyan Nattaman
  • Cwprs Monthly Information Bulletin ______

    Cwprs Monthly Information Bulletin ______

    Government of India Ministry of Water Resources River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation Central Water & Power Research Station Khadakwasla, Pune – 411 024 Issue No.: 05 May 2018 ____________________________________________________________________ CWPRS MONTHLY INFORMATION BULLETIN ________________________________________________________________________________ 1. ESTIMATES 1.1 Submitted 03 1.2 Awarded 05 2. REPORTS SUBMITTED 06 3. RESEARCH PAPERS 3.1 Submitted 07 3.2 Published 07 4. PARTICIPATION IN SEMINARS/ SYMPOSIA/ CONFERENCES 07 5. LECTURES DELIVERED 07 6. PARTICIPATION IN MEETINGS 6.1 Technical Committees 07 6.2 Other Committees 07 7. TRAINING OF PERSONNELS 08 8. IMPORTANT VISITORS 08 9. NEW APPOINTMENTS / PROMOTIONS / RETIREMENTS 08 10. TRAINING PROGRAMMES ORGANIZED 09 11. OTHER INFORMATION 09 Phones : 24103378 Fax : 2438 1004 Email : [email protected] web: http://cwprs.gov.in May 2018 Summary Information For 2010-2018 Years Jobs Awarded Reports Papers Participation Lectures Technical Training of Training Submitted Published in Seminars/ Delivered Committee Personnel Programmes/ _____________________ Symposia/ Meetings Conferences Nos. | Amount (Rs.) Conferences Organized 2010-11 159 17,06,34,397 95 94 38 52 23 61 11 2011-12 139 18,56,13,568 116 63 26 45 42 88 08 2012-13 150 22,53,10,859 120 67 44 57 24 55 08 2013-14 152 18,24,51,087 112 63 37 68 21 54 11 2014-15 153 25,69,14,032 113 62 58 47 12 62 09 2015-16 85 13,95,89,971 106 65 51 74 17 120 10 2016-17 111 25,90,34,704 95 90 114 97 23 315 17 2017-18 147 33,97,19,710 105 58 64 38 38 823 18 STUDIES AWARDED FOR CURRENT YEAR 2018-2019 Till April 2018 15 2,80,93,850 06 06 07 00 03 24 01 During 10 1,51,06,796 05 00 00 01 13 08 00 May -18 Total 25 4,32,00,646 11 06 07 01 16 32 01 Estimate submitted to Client but yet to be awarded May 2018 31 4,00,20,181 - - - - - - - 2 CWPRS Information Bulletin May 2018 1.
  • No. EXAM./ 2322 / of 2020 PROGRAMME of the M

    No. EXAM./ 2322 / of 2020 PROGRAMME of the M

    NOTIFICATION OF THE VEER NARMAD SOUTH GUJARAT UNIVERSITY No. EXAM./ 2322 / OF 2020 PROGRAMME OF THE M. A. (SEMESTER – III) (REG.) EXAMINATION, MARCH– 2020 Candidates are requested to be present at their respective Center of examination fifteen minutes before the time fixed for the First paper and ten minutes before subsequent Paper. THEY ARE FORBIDDEN TO TAKE ANY BOOK / PAPER / MOBILE PHONE / OR ANY ELECTRONIC GADGET IN THE EXAMINATION HALL. The students should read all the rules and regulation for taking examination before entering in Examination hall. The Written Examination will be conducted in the following order: Time Date Marks (3:15 To 5:15) English Paper – XI : Literary Form : Novel 50 Economics Paper – XI : Economics of Social Sector 50 Sociology Paper – XI : Theoretical Perspective In Sociology – I 50 Psychology Paper – XI : Organizational Behaviour – I 50 History Paper – XI : History of Freedom Movement in India 50 1857–1947 24 – 03 –2020 Comparative Literature Paper – XI : Influence study : Impact of 50 Sanskrit Literature Gujarati Paper – XI : Concept of Indian Literature 50 Hindi Paper – XI : Linguistics 50 Sanskrit Paper – XI : Sanskrit Classical Literature (Prose) 50 Home Science Paper – XI : Nutritional Assessment And 30 Surveillance Political Science Paper – XI : Government and Politics of India 50 English Paper – XII : Literary Criticism 50 Economics Paper – XII : Environmental Economics 50 Sociology Paper – XII : Perspective and Themes on Indian 50 Society–I Psychology Paper – XII : Psychological Assessment – I 50
  • NOVEMBER 2016 for Updated Information, Please Visit 1 GUJARAT the GROWTH ENGINE of INDIA

    NOVEMBER 2016 for Updated Information, Please Visit 1 GUJARAT the GROWTH ENGINE of INDIA

    GUJARAT THE GROWTH ENGINE OF INDIA NOVEMBER 2016 For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org 1 GUJARAT THE GROWTH ENGINE OF INDIA Executive Summary ..................................3 Advantage Gujarat ....................................4 Vision 2020 ...............................................5 Gujarat – An Introduction ..........................6 Budget 2015-16 ......................................17 Infrastructure Status ................................18 Business Opportunities ...........................48 Doing Business in Gujarat ......................92 State Acts & Policies ...............................93 NOVEMBER 2016 For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org 2 GUJARAT THE GROWTH ENGINE OF INDIA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY • According to the DIPP, FDI inflows in the state of Gujarat totalled US$ 13.28 billion during Second preferred April 2000-March 2016. Gujarat accounted for about 4.6% share in the overall FDI inflows investment destination in India. • As of December 2015, Gujarat ranked second in the production of crude oil (onshore) in Petro capital of India India. Till December 2015, the state produced 3.32 million tonnes of crude oil, which accounted for 24.7% of the total crude oil (onshore) production in the country. • Gujarat’s dairy sector consists of 17 district milk producers’ unions, with around 14,598 Highest share in India’s milk co-operative societies. The state’s milk production, which stood at 12.1 million tonnes total dairy output during 2015-16, was the fourth largest in India. • The state attracted investment commitments worth US$ 1,407 million under Gujarat's textile policy 2012, for varied units such as processing, spinning, weaving, made-ups, Strong textile base technical textiles etc. By 2017, the government plans to create 2.5 million new jobs and attract investments worth US$ 3.06 billion.
  • City Disaster Management Plan 2020-21

    City Disaster Management Plan 2020-21

    CITY DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN YEAR: 2020-21 MAYOR, VADODARA MESSAGE Vadodara city is one of the fastest growing and developing cities of the nation. The citizens are disciplined, progressive, and hardworking. There are ample of resources in and around the city for human’s social and health well-being. But when disaster struck the daily work of the citizen not only hinders the progress of a city but a state and a nation. Due to climate change and global warming, India is more prone to disasters. Cyclones, heavy rainfall and floods are the ones which affect Vadodara city the most. Among other risks are of earthquake, heat waves and Industrial Chemical Disasters. Every available and possible resource is allocated for the best of disaster management by the Vadodara Municipal Corporation. The more emphasis is given on planning, prepared and training activities of the citizens, as prevention is better than cure! Help from every citizen and organization is expected in terms of disaster management activities. The emergency response teams, fire brigade, police, health department, sanitation department play an important role in fighting any mishap which strikes the city. It is the perseverance of the citizens which leads to the betterment of life in Vadodara city. I am thankful to the creators of this document which will provide clear plan and information for overcoming disasters. Dr. Jigeeshaben J. Sheth Mayor, Vadodara 1 | P a g e CDMP: VADODARA MUNICIPAL COMMISSIONER MESSAGE 2 | P a g e CDMP: VADODARA PREFACE Municipal corporations face a challenge of administrating the rapid urban growth. High rise buildings, densely populated areas, narrow roads, slums, schools, electrical systems, surrounding industrial areas, etc.
  • World Bank Document

    World Bank Document

    Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. 5107-IN STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized INDIA NARMADARIVER DEVELOPMENT- GUJARAT SARDAR SAROVARDAM AND POWERPROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized February 12, 1985 Public Disclosure Authorized South Asia Projects Department Irrigation II Division This document has a restricteddistribution and cmaybe used by recipients only in the performanceof their official duties. its contents mnavnot otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCYEQUIVALENTS US%1.00 = Rupees (Rs) 12.00 jj WEIGHTS AND MEASURES (METRIC SYSTEM) VJ 1 meter (m) = 3.28 feet (ft) 1 kilometer (ka) = 0.62 miles (mi) 1 hectare (ha) = 2.47 acres (ac) 1 million cubic meters (Mm3) = 810 acre-feet (ac-ft) 1 cubic foot per second (cusec or cfs) = 0.028 cubic meters per second (mL3/Ls) 1 kilogram (kg) = 2.2 pounds (lb) 1 metric ton (mt) = 2,205 pounds (lb) 1 million acre-feet (OAF) 1233.5 h cubic m (Mm3) 1 cubic meter per second (cumec) 35.3 cusec 1 ton - 1,000 kilograms (kg) 1 gigawatt hours (GWh) 1 million kilowvtt hours (kWh) 1 kilo volt (kv) - 1,000 volts (10 V) 1 megawatt (MW) = 1,000 kilowatts 1 kilocalorie per kilogram (Kcal/kg) = 1,8UO British thermal units per pound (Btu/lb) FISCAL YEAR GOI; GOG; GOM; GOMP; GOR April 1 - March 31 1/ The US Dollar/Rupee exchange rate is subject to change. Conversions in this report have been made at USAl.00 to Rs 12.00 except for the economic analysis which was made at a rate of US$1.00 to Rs 11.00.
  • Flood Forecasting Appraisal Report 2013

    Flood Forecasting Appraisal Report 2013

    kovala kayaa--laya p`yaaoga hotu For official use only Baart sarkar kond`Iya jala Aayaaoga maahI maMDla,gaaMQaInagar GOVERNMENT OF INDIA CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION MAHI DIVISION , GANDHI NAGAR baaZ pUvaa--naumaana eop`a[--jala irpaoT-- vaYa-- 2013 maahI,saabarmait evaM banaasa baoisana FLOOD FORECASTING APPRISAL REPORT 2013 MAHI,SABARMATI AND BANAS BASIN Wanakbori Weir nama--da evaM tapI baoisana saMgazna,gaaMQaInagar jala vaO&anaIya p`oxaNa pirmaMDla,gaaMQaInagar maahI maMNDla ,gaaMQaInagar NARMADA & TAPI BASIN ORGANISATION, GANDHINAGAR HYDROLOGICAL OBSERVATION CIRCLE , GANDHINAGAR MAHI DIVISION, GANDHINAGAR janavarI 2014 JANUARY 2014 BaUimaka kond`Iya jala Aayaaoga doSa maoM baaZ pUvaa-naumaana tqaa baaZ inayaM~Na piryaaojanaaAaoM kI yaaojanaa, AiBaklp tqaa kayaa- nvayana maoM mah%vapUNa- BaUimaka inaBaa rha hO. kond`Iya jala Aayaaoga nao Baart maoM baaZ inayaM~Na ka naoTvak- saBaI mah%vapUNa- AMtra-jyaIya nadI baoisana maoM ivakisat kr rKa hO ijasakI sahayata sao kond`Iya jala Aayaaoga ja$rt pDÊnao pr AMtvaa- h³[nFlaao´ tqaa str³ laovala ´, baaZ pUvaa-naumaana kao saUicat krta hO. maahI maMDla, kond`Iya jala Aayaaoga , gaaMQaInagar Wara maahI,saabarmatI tqaa banaasa baoisana maoM kDanaa³maahI baoisana´, Qarao[-³saabarmatI baoisana´ tqaa daMtIvaaDa³ banaasa baoisana´ baaMQaao ko ilae AMtvaa-h baaZ pUvaa-naumaana ka kaya- ikyaa jaata hO.[sako Alaavaa baanakbaaorI vaoyar ³maahI nadI´ tqaa sauBaaYa iba`ja Ahmadabaad ³saabarmatI nadI´ pr jala str pUvaa-naumaana ka kama BaI maahI maMDla Wara ikyaa jaata hO. Pa`stut p`itvaodna ³irpaoT-´ maoM, maahI, saabarmatI tqaa banaasa baoisana maoM dixaNa piScama maanasaUna 2013 ko daOrana ]plabQa jalaIya maaOsamaIya pirisqaityaaoM ka ica~Na ikyaa gayaa hO tqaa saaqa maoM baaZ pUvaa-naumaana sao sambainQat maahI maMDla kI gaitivaiQayaaoM ka ivavarNa idyaa gayaa hO.
  • A Local Response to Water Scarcity Dug Well Recharging in Saurashtra, Gujarat

    A Local Response to Water Scarcity Dug Well Recharging in Saurashtra, Gujarat

    RETHINKING THE MOSAIC RETHINKINGRETHINKING THETHE MOSAICMOSAIC Investigations into Local Water Management Themes from Collaborative Research n Institute of Development Studies, Jaipur n Institute for Social and Environmental Transition, Boulder n Madras Institute of Development Studies, Chennai n Nepal Water Conservation Foundation, Kathmandu n Vikram Sarabhai Centre for Development Interaction, Ahmedabad Edited by Marcus Moench, Elisabeth Caspari and Ajaya Dixit Contributing Authors Paul Appasamy, Sashikant Chopde, Ajaya Dixit, Dipak Gyawali, S. Janakarajan, M. Dinesh Kumar, R. M. Mathur, Marcus Moench, Anjal Prakash, M. S. Rathore, Velayutham Saravanan and Srinivas Mudrakartha RETHINKING THE MOSAIC Investigations into Local Water Management Themes from Collaborative Research n Institute of Development Studies, Jaipur n Institute for Social and Environmental Transition, Boulder n Madras Institute of Development Studies, Chennai n Nepal Water Conservation Foundation, Kathmandu n Vikram Sarabhai Centre for Development Interaction, Ahmedabad Edited by Marcus Moench, Elisabeth Caspari and Ajaya Dixit 1999 1 © Copyright, 1999 Institute of Development Studies (IDS) Institute for Social and Environmental Transition (ISET) Madras Institute of Development Studies (MIDS) Nepal Water Conservation Foundation (NWCF) Vikram Sarabhai Centre for Development Interaction (VIKSAT) No part of this publication may be reproduced nor copied in any form without written permission. Supported by International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Ottawa, Canada and The Ford Foundation, New Delhi, India First Edition: 1000 December, 1999. Price Nepal and India Rs 1000 Foreign US$ 30 Other SAARC countries US$ 25. (Postage charges additional) Published by: Nepal Water Conservation Foundation, Kathmandu, and the Institute for Social and Environmental Transition, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A. DESIGN AND TYPESETTING GraphicFORMAT, PO Box 38, Naxal, Nepal.
  • “A Visit to Sardar Sarovar Dam”

    “A Visit to Sardar Sarovar Dam”

    “A VISIT TO SARDAR SAROVAR DAM” 23rd September 2017 Coordinator ORGANIZED BY J. S. Makadiya CIVIL DEPARTMENT S. M.DOBARIYA PREPARED BY D R SOLANKI J S MAKADIYA K.P.BARAD 1 CONTENT (1) Acknowledgement 03 (2) General Information 04 (3) Purpose of Visit 05 (4) Learning Point 06 (5) Conclusion 13 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We are gladly thankful to Head of the Department Civil Engg. for providing such great opportunities to learn something new and innovative and our faculties who gave us a great guidance regarding training and instructed us the importance of training in civil field. So we decided to take visit in Sardar Sarovar Narmada dam, near Navagam. 3 GENERAL INFORMATION Narmada Dam & sardar sarovar are one of the largest water resources of India covering four major states - Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Rajasthan. Dam's spillway discharging capacity is 30.7 lakhs cusecs. Narmada Main Canal' s length is 532 km and it is the largest irrigation canal in the world with 1133 cumecs (40000 cusecs) capacity at the head regulator. It is the largest dam and part of the Narmada Valley Project, a large hydraulic engineering project involving the construction of a series of large irrigation and hydroelectric multi-purpose dams on the Narmada river. 4 PURPOSE OF VISIT Our main purpose for this visit is to be familiar with industrial environment and to get practical knowledge of Hydraulic structure of dam and Hydro power plant in dam. Also in 5th semester subject like Irrigation engineering requires knowledge about how components of dam and hydro power plant are constructed, so it is very much convenient to see all the practical and components in real time work environment.
  • Manual Scavenging", Caste and Discrimination in India"

    Manual Scavenging", Caste and Discrimination in India"

    H U M A N R I G H T S CLEANING HUMAN WASTE “Manual Scavenging,” Caste, and Discrimination in India WATCH Cleaning Human Waste “Manual Scavenging,” Caste, and Discrimination in India Copyright © 2014 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-62313-1838 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org AUGUST 2014 978-1-62313-1838 Cleaning Human Waste: “Manual Scavenging,” Caste, and Discrimination in India Glossary .............................................................................................................................. i Summary ..........................................................................................................................
  • – Kolab River 4)Indravati Dam – Indravati River 5)Podagada Dam – Podagada River 6)Muran Dam – Muran River 7)Kapur Dam – Kapur River

    – Kolab River 4)Indravati Dam – Indravati River 5)Podagada Dam – Podagada River 6)Muran Dam – Muran River 7)Kapur Dam – Kapur River

    DAMS IN INDIA WEST BENGAL 1)FARRAKA BARRAGE – GANGES RIVER 2)DURGAPUR BARRAGE – DAMODAR RIVER 3)MAITHON DAM –BARAKAR RIVER 4)PANCHET DAM – DAMODAR RIVER 5)KANGSABATI DAM – KANGSABATI RIVER UTTAR PRADESH 1)RIHAND DAM – RIHAND RIVER 2)MATATILA DAM – BETWA RIVER 3)RAJGHAT DAM – BETWA RIVER ODISHA 1)HIRAKUND DAM – MAHANADI 2)RENGALI DAM – BRAHMANI RIVER 3)UPPER KOLAB DAMwww.OnlineStudyPoints.com – KOLAB RIVER 4)INDRAVATI DAM – INDRAVATI RIVER 5)PODAGADA DAM – PODAGADA RIVER 6)MURAN DAM – MURAN RIVER 7)KAPUR DAM – KAPUR RIVER www.OnlineStudyPoints.com DAMS IN INDIA JHARKHAND 1)MAITHON DAM- BARAKAR RIVER 2)PANCHET DAM- DAMODAR RIVER 3)TENUGHAT DAM – DAMODAR RIVER 5)GETALSUD DAM – SWARNAREKHA RIVER MADHYA PRADESH 1)GANDHISAGAR DAM – CHAMBAL RIVER 2)TAWA DAM – TAWA RIVER 3)INDIRA SAGAR DAM – NARMADA RIVER 4)OMKARESHWAR DAM – NARMADA RIVER 5)BARGI DAM – NARMADA RIVER 6)BARNA DAM – BARNA RIVER 7)BANSAGAR DAM – SON RIVER CHHATTISGARH www.OnlineStudyPoints.com 1)MINIMATA BANGO DAM – HASDEO RIVER 2)DUDHWA DAM – MAHANADI 3)GANGREL DAM – MAHANADI 4)SONDUR DAM – SONDUR 5)TANDULA DAM – TANDULA RIVER 6)MONGRA BARRAGE – SHIVNATH www.OnlineStudyPoints.com DAMS IN INDIA MAHARASHTRA 1)KOYNA DAM – KOYNA RIVER 2)JAYAKWADI DAM – GODAVARI RIVER 3)ISAPUR DAM – PENGANA RIVER 4)WARNA DAM – VARNA RIVER 5)TOTLADOH DAM – PENCH RIVER 6)SUKHANA DAM – SUKHANA RIVER 7)UJJANI DAM – BHIMA RIVER JAMMU AND KASHMIR 1)SALAL DAM – CHENAB RIVER 2)BAGLIHAR DAM – CHANAB RIVER 3)PAKUL DUL DAM – CHENAB RIVER 3)URI DAM – JHELUM RIVER 4)NIMBOO BAZGO HYDROELECTRIC PLANT – INDUS RIVER