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The Role of Interaction Between Paenibacillus Polymyxa Bacteria and Pyrolusite-Hematite System Through Bioflotation Nagui A

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The Role of Interaction Between Paenibacillus Polymyxa Bacteria and Pyrolusite-Hematite System Through Bioflotation Nagui A International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Apr-2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 The Role of Interaction between Paenibacillus polymyxa Bacteria and Pyrolusite-Hematite System through Bioflotation Nagui A. Abdel-Khalek1, Khaled A. Selim1, Mohamed M.A. Hassan2, Moharram M.R.3 Saleh A. M.3, A. M. Ramadan3 1Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, (CMRDI), Helwan, Egypt 2Mining and Petroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Qena, Egypt 3Mining and Petroleum Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract –Applying Paenibacillus polymyxa bacterial furnace with parts entering the slag. This is why the strain as a surface modifier in flotation process and at the reduction behavior of Mn in the blast furnace was studied optimum conditions, succeeded in the removal of 64.89 % of extensively before, trying to avoid the harmful effect of Mn MnO2.Applying the same conditions for flotation of a natural in the ironmaking and steel industries [4, 5, 6]. At the iron ore yielded a concentrate containing 3.7% MnO2, 0.5% same time, due to the similarity of their chemical and SiO2 and 71.30% Fe2O3 with a hematite recovery of 72.46% physical properties, Fe and Mn are always associated in from a feed containing 8.79% MnO2, 0.49% SiO2 and 67.90% the Fe and Mn deposits throughout the geological record of Fe2O3.These bio-flotation results indicated clearly that such different settings and origins [7, 8, 9]. Separation of MnO2, type of bacteria is selective for upgrading El Gedida iron from Egyptian iron ores by conventional methods of ores, Bahariya Oasis of high pyrolusite for utilization.In this beneficiation is difficult due to the extremely complex paper, the role of Paenibacillus polymyxa on the surface properties of the two single minerals has been studied nature of these ores. For this reason, the use of these iron through zeta potential measurements as well as the ores is limited in Egyptian iron and steel industry. adsorption experiments.Complete characterization of both Recently, the biological processes are becoming more single minerals and bacterial strain have been done using attracting in mineral processing due to their lower XRD, XRF and FTIR. operating costs and their possible applications to treat difficult to beneficiate low grade complex ores. Key Words:Adsorption, Egyptian iron ores,Paenibacillus Microorganisms play an important role in previous studies polymyxa, Bioflotation, FTIR to develop the bioleaching of manganese from its ores particularly low grade ores [10, 11, 12]. Paenibacillus 1.INTRODUCTION polymyxa was utilized to separate silica from iron ore and flocculate silica from some sulphide minerals [13]. The iron ore in Egypt present in different locations as in East Aswan, in the Eastern Desert, at This paper aims to study the role of interaction between Bahariya Oasis, in the Western Desert, and in several isolated Paenibacillus polymyxaon and the surface localities of the Eastern Desert near the Red Sea coast. The properties of hematite and pyrolusite single minerals iron ore deposits of these localities vary greatly in their through the zeta potential and adsorption experiments. Flotation behavior of the two oxides was studied in mineralogical and chemical composition as well as in the presence and absence of P. polymyxain. The separation of nature of their associated rocks, and also in the MnO2 from high manganese iron ores will lead to assemblage of trace elements [1, 2]. These ores suffer improvements in reduction of these ores and to from harmful elements as silica, Mn, Ba, carbonates or manganese recovery which required in its industry as chlorides. ferromanganese industry. Although manganese is added into steel for its deoxidizing and desulfurizing properties [3]. The occurrence of Mn in the iron ore raw materials causes harm to the reduction process of iron oxides in the blast furnace. Mn forms strong oxides, which are partially reduced in the blast © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1121 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Apr-2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 2.MATERIAL AND METHODS suspension was transferred by multichannel pipette into the wells of biolog micro-plate. The plates were 2.1 Materials incubated for 36 hours at 30 °C into the Omni-Log incubator/reader. The biology micro-plate tests the Samples of single minerals of hematite and ability of an organism to utilize or oxidize a pre-selected pyrolusite were delivered from ‘Wards’ Company, USA. panel of 95 different carbon sources. The dye The purity tetrazolium violet is used to indicate utilization of 99% of these samples was confirmed using XRF. The –200 substrates [1, 16]. mesh fractions were used in adsorption. HCl and NaOH of Panel of 95 different substrates gives a very distinctive analytical grade from Aldrich were used for pH and repeatable pattern of purple wells for each organism regulations. in which the manufacturers literature terms a "Metabolic 2.2 Characterization Fingerprint". Finally; micro plate was read using Biolog’s Microbial Identification Systems software through biology A Philips PW 1730 powder X-ray diffractometer reader [15, 16]. Also, Microscopic examination and gram with Fe filtered Co (K-alpha) run at 30 kV and 20 mA was staining of the selected bacterial isolate were carried out. used to examine single minerals. Infrared vibrational spectra were recorded on a Nicolet Magna 750 Fourier- 2.5 Measuring Selectivity of Paenibacillus transform spectrometer. For each sample, 28 scans were polymyxa to Mineral Surface accumulated over the 4000-400 cm–1 spectral range employing the transmittance mode and a resolution of 4 A laser particle size analyzer (FRITSCH Model Analyst cm–1. Selected samples were observed on fractured 22) was employed for measuring size analysis of single surface under a JSM-6400 scanning electron microscope minerals before and after treatment with bacteria. Fixed (SEM) to examine the morphology of single minerals. volume 10 ml of Paenibacillus polymyxawas conditioned with one gram of each mineral for 60 minutes before 2.3 Isolation and Growing of Bacteria recording the change in size distribution [1]. Bacterial strain was isolated from surface of iron 2.6 Zeta Potential Measurements ore through vigorous agitation of iron sample with 0.4% sodium chloride, NaCl, solution for 30 min on a rotary A laser Zeta Meter ‘Malvern Instruments Model Zeta shaker at 30 °C, and allowed to settle. The supernatant Sizer2000’ was used for zeta potential measurements. 0.01 obtained was serially diluted with sterile water and g of ground sample was placed in 50 ml double distilled spread on the surface of nutrient agar plates which were water with definite concentration of the bacterial isolate at -2 incubated at 30 ºC. Selected bacterial isolates was fixed ionic strength of 2 X 10 M NaCl. NaOH and HCL isolated, purified by streaking on nutrient agar plates, were used as pH modifiers. The suspension was then transferred to nutrient agar slopes stored at 4°C and conditioned for 30 minutes during which the pH was subcultured monthly. The efficiency of these isolates was adjusted. After shaking, the equilibrium pH was recorded. screened using a laser particle size analyzer [14, 15]. It was then allowed to settle for 3min, after which 10 ml of Based on the later test, the most promising bacterial the supernatant was transferred into a standard cuvette isolate has been selected to conduct this study. for zeta potential measurement. Solution temperature was maintained at (25oC ± 2). Five measurements were taken 2.4 Bacterial Identification and the average was reported as the measured zeta potential [17]. Bio-Chemical Identification 2.7 Adhesion Measurements The selected bacterial isolate was identified Adhesion of the bacterial isolate on the mineral using the BIOLOG GEN III Micro-plate microbial surfaces was determined by dry weight difference before identification system. A pure culture was grown on and after conditioning the mineral particles with bacteria. biolog recommended agar media and incubated at 30 °C. 0.5 gram of the ground mineral (-200 mesh) was added to Inoculums were prepared where the cell density was in 80 ml of the 48 hour bacterial suspension with a fixed the range of 90-98%T. precisely 100 μl of the cell © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1122 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Apr-2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 initial concentration of the bacterial isolate 2x108 cell/ml, Traces of quartz were identified in the XRD patterns of and conditioned for 60 minutes after adjusting the pH the studied samples. values. An additional time of 20 min. was allowed for settling of the mineral particles, after which 20 ml of the Table 1. XRD data of high – Mn-iron Ore supernatant was collected in a porcelain crucible and dried on a hot plate at 40 – 45 °C. Adhesion studies were performed as a function of difference in weight before and after drying [15]. 2.8 Flotation experiments A series of bench-scale flotation experiments were conducted using a Micro scale flotation tube (Fig. 1).Single minerals, binary mixtures and natural iron ore were conditioned with bacterial isolates, at different concentrations and pH values on a horizontal shaker for certain conditioning time, and then transferred to the Flotation Column unit. The air pressure was adjusted at 30 cm-3/ min. A magnetic stirrer was used during the flotation experiment to prevent particles settling. Both 3.2 Chemical Analysis of Samples the float and sink fractions were collected, dried and weighted[1, 15].
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