DOCSLIB.ORG

Porphyry Copper Deposits of the American Cordillera

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Porphyry Copper Deposits of the American Cordillera Porphyry Copper Deposits of the American Cordillera Frances Wahl Pierce and John G. Bolm, Editors Arizona Geological Society Digest 20 1995 The Helvetia Area Porphyry Systems, Pima County, Arizona S. A. ANZALONE ASARCO Incorporated, Tu cson, Arizona ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION The Helvetia area porphyry copper deposits occur within The Helvetia area copper deposits occur within a large an extensive Laramide porphyry system located in the Santa Laramide porphyry system located in the Santa Rita Mountains, Rita Mountains, Pima County, Arizona. The entire system Pima County, Arizona. This porphyry copper system consists of consists of four separate centers of copper mineralization: four separate areas of copper mineralization - Rosemont, Peach­ Rosemont, Peach-Elgin, Broadtop Butte, and Copper Wo rld. Elgin, Broadtop Butte, and Copper World - lying within a Mineralization and alteration are primarily of the contact broad alteration zone in the northern segment of the Santa Rita pyrometasomatic type and hydrothermal alteration and zon­ Mountains. Mineralization and alteration are primarily contact ing of sulfide mineral assemblages resemble those observed at pyrometasomatic, and zoning of hydrothermal alteration and sul­ the Twin Buttes Copper Mine located approximately 30 kilo­ fide mineral assemblages is similar to those observed at the meters west of Helvetia. The stratigraphic sequence, ranging Twin Buttes and Mission Copper Mines located approximately from Cambrian Bolsa Formation to Permian Rain Va lley For­ 30 kilometers west of Helvetia. ASARCO acquired the copper mation, correlates well with sections developed in the Tw in deposits within the Helvetia area porphyry systems in 1988 and Buttes and Mission Mine areas. The Paleozoic section in the has continued the exploration and development effort since then. deposit area totals approximately 1,800 meters. A considerable amount of excellent geological work has Two Te rtiary intrusives penetrate the Paleozoic-Meso­ been completed on the Helvetia area porphyry systems but little zoic stratigraphy in the region. One, a quartz-monzonite information has been published on developments since the mid- stock, occurs primarily in the western portion of the proj ect 1950s. The geology of the copper deposits as developed by area. The other, a hydrothermally altered quartz-Iatite por­ numerous geologists over the past 75 years and the large, bulk­ phyry, is mineralized locally and the copper mineralization tonnage low-grade copper deposits outlined in recent years will in adjacent exoskarn is considered to be genetically related be briefly reviewed in this paper. to it. Limestones in contact with the porphyry have been lo­ cally metasomatically altered to lime-silicate skarns, princi­ LOCATION pally tactite. The tactite is, for the most part, grossularite or andradite garnet with varying amounts of diopside, tremo­ The Helvetia area porphyry systems are located approxi­ lite, wollastonite, quartz, and vesuvianite. Occasional Te r­ mately 50 kilometers southeast of Tucson, Arizona, in the north­ tiary lamprophyric dikes intrude the area and the immediate ern Santa Rita Mountains (fig. 1). They lie within the Basin and region is underlain by Precambrian granodiorite. Range Physiographic Province at elevations ranging from 1,402 Ore mineralization was introduced during the later to 1,890 meters. stages of pyrometasomatic hydrothermal alteration. Pri­ mary sulfide minerals include chalcopyrite, bornite, and py­ EXPLORATION AND MINING HISTORY rite with chalcopyrite and pyrite predominating. These occur principally as veinlets, coarse disseminations, blebs, Copper mineralization may have been discovered in the and clots within irregular lenticular zones lying in and gen­ Helvetia District prior to the Civil War, but no records are avail­ erally parallel to the lime-silicate areas. A limited tonnage of able for these early discoveries. The district has had a relatively secondary chalcocite and covellite occurs irregularly small production of copper ore, principally from underground throughout the deposit. In the oxidized zone, a substantial mines. In the late I 880s copper ore from the district was treated tonnage of copper occurs as chrysocolla, azurite, malachite, at the Columbia Smelter located on the west side of the Santa cuprite, and chalcanthite. Minor amounts of silver, molyb­ Rita Mountains, and the Rosemont Smelter located on the east denite, gold, sphalerite, and scheelite occur throughout the flank of the same range near Rosemont Camp (Creasey and various mineral centers. Quick, 1955). In 1903, the Helvetia Copper Company began op­ Post-ore faulting, principally high-angle normal and eration and continued until 19I I. Copper was produced almost thrust faulting, terminates all four mineral centers. The continuously from 19 I 5 to 1951. In the 1940s, some dissemi­ Peach-Elgin mineral center lies within the Helvetia Klippe nated copper mineralization in skams was mined from small and is considered to be the offset upper segment of the Cop­ open pits located in the Elgin area. Total production from the per World mineral center. Helvetia District through 1950 totaled 227,300 tons of ore con­ Approximately 570 holes have been drilled in the area taining 17,290,000 pounds of copper, 1,097,980 pounds of zinc, by various companies: Lewisohn Copper Corp., Banner and 180,760 ounces of silver (Schrader, 1915; Creasey and Mining Company, Anaconda, Anamax, and ASARCO. The Quick, 1955). deposit is amenable to open pit mining and the metallurgical After 1950, activities consisted mainly of exploration and recoveries should be similar to those achieved at the Mission development drilling. The Lewisohn Copper Company con­ and Twin Buttes Mines. ducted a drilling program in the Peach-Elgin area in 1955 and in 436 440 s. A. ANZALONE c' c GRANODIORITE (PRECAMBRIAN) o Figure Cross section through Copper World area (after Schrader, 19I5, and Drewes, 1972). Location ofcross section shown on figure 2. S. FORMA THCK SECTION DESCRIPTION noN ARKOSIC SAN>STot£ WLLOW AN> CANYON SILTSTONE. AN>ES/TE, � FORMATION 870m VOLCANIC AND CI£RT § COBBLE CONGLOMERATE 000( I-----+------!i..:::: t:i a: u QUARTZ, FINE-GRAINED, SCHERRER DOLOMITE, MINOR SIL TSTOt£ FORMATlON 220m AT BASE �z 000( Lt.fESTONE, MARL, SILTSTONE, EPITAPH a: DOLOMITE, LOCAL GYPSUM UJ FORMATION a.. 305m AN> QUARTZITE COLINA LS UMESTONE. MEDIUM-THlCK-BEDDED 105m EARP SILTSTONE, SHALE, SOME FORMATION 245m SANDSTONE AND UMESTONE HOROUIUA L1MESTOt£, THN-MASSIVE-BEDDED, � SL TSTOt£, t.tNOR SHALE AN> ut.£STONE 245m � CONGLOt.£RATE AT BASE ESCABROSA UMESTONE. THICK-MASSlVE- � Lt.£STONE 170m BEDDED. LOCAL Ct£RT S 120m SILTSTOt£, LJt.£STONE, 225- AND QUARTZITE,SHALE, Y 275m tITERBEDOEDTIft.. Figure 6. Stratigraphic column of the Helvetia area porphyry systems (after McNew, 1981). .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Podiform Chromite Deposits—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models
    Podiform Chromite Deposits—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models Scientific Investigations Report 2012–5157 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey COVER View of the abandoned Chrome Concentrating Company mill, opened in 1917, near the No. 5 chromite mine in Del Puerto Canyon, Stanislaus County, California (USGS photograph by Dan Mosier, 1972). Insets show (upper right) specimen of massive chromite ore from the Pillikin mine, El Dorado County, California, and (lower left) specimen showing disseminated layers of chromite in dunite from the No. 5 mine, Stanislaus County, California (USGS photographs by Dan Mosier, 2012). Podiform Chromite Deposits—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models By Dan L. Mosier, Donald A. Singer, Barry C. Moring, and John P. Galloway Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5157 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Marcia K. McNutt, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2012 This report and any updates to it are available online at: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5157/ For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Suggested citation: Mosier, D.L., Singer, D.A., Moring, B.C., and Galloway, J.P., 2012, Podiform chromite deposits—database and grade and tonnage models: U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Flotation Separation of Mg Carbonates (Dolomite and Magnesite)
    minerals Review A Review of Flotation Separation of Mg Carbonates (Dolomite and Magnesite) Darius G. Wonyen 1,†, Varney Kromah 1,†, Borbor Gibson 1,† ID , Solomon Nah 1,† and Saeed Chehreh Chelgani 1,2,* ID 1 Department of Geology and Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Liberia, P.O. Box 9020 Monrovia, Liberia; [email protected] (D.G.W.); [email protected] (Y.K.); [email protected] (B.G.); [email protected] (S.N.) 2 Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-41-6830-9356 † These authors contributed equally to the study. Received: 24 July 2018; Accepted: 13 August 2018; Published: 15 August 2018 Abstract: It is well documented that flotation has high economic viability for the beneficiation of valuable minerals when their main ore bodies contain magnesium (Mg) carbonates such as dolomite and magnesite. Flotation separation of Mg carbonates from their associated valuable minerals (AVMs) presents several challenges, and Mg carbonates have high levels of adverse effects on separation efficiency. These complexities can be attributed to various reasons: Mg carbonates are naturally hydrophilic, soluble, and exhibit similar surface characteristics as their AVMs. This study presents a compilation of various parameters, including zeta potential, pH, particle size, reagents (collectors, depressant, and modifiers), and bio-flotation, which were examined in several investigations into separating Mg carbonates from their AVMs by froth flotation. Keywords: dolomite; magnesite; flotation; bio-flotation 1. Introduction Magnesium (Mg) carbonates (salt-type minerals) are typical gangue phases associated with several valuable minerals, and have complicated processing [1,2].
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of Sulfide Minerals from Gabbroic and Ultramafic Rocks by Electron Microscopy1 D.J
    Blackman, D.K., Ildefonse, B., John, B.E., Ohara, Y., Miller, D.J., MacLeod, C.J., and the Expedition 304/305 Scientists Proceedings of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, Volume 304/305 Data report: characterization of sulfide minerals from gabbroic and ultramafic rocks by electron microscopy1 D.J. Miller,2 T. Eisenbach,2 and Z.P. Luo3 Chapter contents Abstract Abstract . 1 This objective of this research was to investigate the potential of using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to determine sul- Introduction . 1 fide mineral speciation in gabbroic rocks from Atlantis Massif, the Geologic background . 2 site of Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 304/305. Method development . 2 The method takes advantage of TEM analysis techniques and Results . 2 proved successful in sulfide mineral identification. TEM can pro- Discussion . 3 vide imaging of the sample morphology, crystal structure through Acknowledgments. 4 the electron diffraction, and chemical compositional information References . 4 through X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. Electron probe mi- Figures . 5 croanalysis was also used to determine the chemical composition. Table . 11 Introduction Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 304/305 at Atlantis Massif, 30°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) (Fig. F1) comprised a coordinated, dual-expedition drilling program aimed at investigating oceanic core complex (OCC) formation and the exposure of ultramafic rocks in young oceanic lithosphere. One of the scientific objectives of this drilling program is to investigate the role of magmatism in the development of OCCs. Whereas precruise submersible and geophysical surveys suggested the po- tential of recovering substantial amounts of serpentinized perido- tite and possibly fresh residual mantle, coring on the central dome of the massif returned a 1.4 km thick section of plutonic mafic rock with only a thin (<150 m) interval of ultramafic or near-ultramafic composition rocks of indeterminate origin.
    [Show full text]
  • LOW TEMPERATURE HYDROTHERMAL COPPER, NICKEL, and COBALT ARSENIDE and SULFIDE ORE FORMATION Nicholas Allin
    Montana Tech Library Digital Commons @ Montana Tech Graduate Theses & Non-Theses Student Scholarship Spring 2019 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE THERMOCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF ARSENITE AND SULFATE: LOW TEMPERATURE HYDROTHERMAL COPPER, NICKEL, AND COBALT ARSENIDE AND SULFIDE ORE FORMATION Nicholas Allin Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtech.edu/grad_rsch Part of the Geotechnical Engineering Commons EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE THERMOCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF ARSENITE AND SULFATE: LOW TEMPERATURE HYDROTHERMAL COPPER, NICKEL, AND COBALT ARSENIDE AND SULFIDE ORE FORMATION by Nicholas C. Allin A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Geoscience: Geology Option Montana Technological University 2019 ii Abstract Experiments were conducted to determine the relative rates of reduction of aqueous sulfate and aqueous arsenite (As(OH)3,aq) using foils of copper, nickel, or cobalt as the reductant, at temperatures of 150ºC to 300ºC. At the highest temperature of 300°C, very limited sulfate reduction was observed with cobalt foil, but sulfate was reduced to sulfide by copper foil (precipitation of Cu2S (chalcocite)) and partly reduced by nickel foil (precipitation of NiS2 (vaesite) + NiSO4·xH2O). In the 300ºC arsenite reduction experiments, Cu3As (domeykite), Ni5As2, or CoAs (langisite) formed. In experiments where both sulfate and arsenite were present, some produced minerals were sulfarsenides, which contained both sulfide and arsenide, i.e. cobaltite (CoAsS). These experiments also produced large (~10 µm along longest axis) euhedral crystals of metal-sulfide that were either imbedded or grown upon a matrix of fine-grained metal-arsenides, or, in the case of cobalt, metal-sulfarsenide. Some experimental results did not show clear mineral formation, but instead demonstrated metal-arsenic alloying at the foil edges.
    [Show full text]
  • Reactivity of Dolomite in Water-Saturated Supercritical Carbon
    Energy Conversion and Management 65 (2013) 564–573 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Energy Conversion and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/enconman Reactivity of dolomite in water-saturated supercritical carbon dioxide: Significance for carbon capture and storage and for enhanced oil and gas recovery ⇑ Xiuyu Wang a,1, Vladimir Alvarado b, Norbert Swoboda-Colberg a, John P. Kaszuba a,c, a Department of Geology and Geophysics, 1000 E. University Avenue, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA b Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, 1000 E. University Avenue, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA c School of Energy Resources, 1000 E. University Avenue, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA article info abstract Article history: Carbon dioxide injection in porous reservoirs is the basis for carbon capture and storage, enhanced oil and Received 17 December 2011 gas recovery. Injected carbon dioxide is stored at multiple scales in porous media, from the pore-level as a Received in revised form 18 July 2012 residual phase to large scales as macroscopic accumulations by the injection site, under the caprock and Accepted 26 July 2012 at reservoir internal capillary pressure barriers. These carbon dioxide saturation zones create regions Available online 5 November 2012 across which the full spectrum of mutual CO2–H2O solubility may occur. Most studies assume that geo- chemical reaction is restricted to rocks and carbon dioxide-saturated formation waters, but this paradigm Keywords: ignores injection of anhydrous carbon dioxide against brine and water-alternating-gas flooding for Carbon capture and storage enhanced oil recovery. Enhanced oil recovery Enhanced gas recovery A series of laboratory experiments was performed to evaluate the reactivity of the common reservoir Fluid–rock interactions mineral dolomite with water-saturated supercritical carbon dioxide.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mineralogical Fate of Arsenic During Weathering Of
    THE MINERALOGICAL FATE OF ARSENIC DURING WEATHERING OF SULFIDES IN GOLD-QUARTZ VEINS: A MICROBEAM ANALYTICAL STUDY A Thesis Presented to the faculty of the Department of Geology California State University, Sacramento Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in Geology by Tamsen Leigh Burlak SPRING 2012 © 2012 Tamsen Leigh Burlak ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii THE MINERALOGICAL FATE OF ARSENIC DURING WEATHERING OF SULFIDES IN GOLD-QUARTZ VEINS: A MICROBEAM ANALYTICAL STUDY A Thesis by Tamsen Leigh Burlak Approved by: __________________________________, Committee Chair Dr. Charles Alpers __________________________________, Second Reader Dr. Lisa Hammersley __________________________________, Third Reader Dr. Dave Evans ____________________________ Date iii Student: Tamsen Leigh Burlak I certify that this student has met the requirements for format contained in the University format manual, and that this thesis is suitable for shelving in the Library and credit is to be awarded for the project. _______________________, Graduate Coordinator ___________________ Dr. Dave Evans Date Department of Geology iv Abstract of THE MINERALOGICAL FATE OF ARSENIC DURING WEATHERING OF SULFIDES IN GOLD-QUARTZ VEINS: A MICROBEAM ANALYTICAL STUDY by Tamsen Leigh Burlak Mine waste piles within the historic gold mining site, Empire Mine State Historic Park (EMSHP) in Grass Valley, California, contain various amounts of arsenic and are the current subject of remedial investigations to characterize the arsenic present. In this study, electron microprobe, QEMSCAN (Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by SCANning electron microscopy), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) were used collectively to locate and identify the mineralogical composition of primary and secondary arsenic-bearing minerals at EMSHP.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Interaction Between Paenibacillus Polymyxa Bacteria and Pyrolusite-Hematite System Through Bioflotation Nagui A
    International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Apr-2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 The Role of Interaction between Paenibacillus polymyxa Bacteria and Pyrolusite-Hematite System through Bioflotation Nagui A. Abdel-Khalek1, Khaled A. Selim1, Mohamed M.A. Hassan2, Moharram M.R.3 Saleh A. M.3, A. M. Ramadan3 1Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, (CMRDI), Helwan, Egypt 2Mining and Petroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Qena, Egypt 3Mining and Petroleum Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract –Applying Paenibacillus polymyxa bacterial furnace with parts entering the slag. This is why the strain as a surface modifier in flotation process and at the reduction behavior of Mn in the blast furnace was studied optimum conditions, succeeded in the removal of 64.89 % of extensively before, trying to avoid the harmful effect of Mn MnO2.Applying the same conditions for flotation of a natural in the ironmaking and steel industries [4, 5, 6]. At the iron ore yielded a concentrate containing 3.7% MnO2, 0.5% same time, due to the similarity of their chemical and SiO2 and 71.30% Fe2O3 with a hematite recovery of 72.46% physical properties, Fe and Mn are always associated in from a feed containing 8.79% MnO2, 0.49% SiO2 and
    [Show full text]
  • Dolomite Deposit Near Marble Stevens County Washington
    Dolomite Deposit Near Marble Stevens County Washington By CHARLES DEISS A CONTRIBUTION TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1027-C A study of the geologic structure and petrology of a dolomite deposit UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1955 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Douglas McKay, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. E. Wrather, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. CONTENTS Page Abstract..-_ __________-_______-__-_-_______--_____---__-_-----____ 119 Introduction. _____________________________________________________ 120 Location of deposit-_--__-________-_-___--________-_-_____---____-- 120 Sedimentary rocks.________________________________________________ 121 Northport limestone- __--_--______--_-________-_-_______-._____ 122 Glacial drift... __________-________-__-___________--__---_-._ 122 Glacial lake deposits.__________________________________________ 123 [gneous rocks.___-_-__--__-_-_---_-___--_----__---__---._-_-__---_ 125 Lamprophyre dikes.____________--___-____-__----___-_----.__-- 125 Petrography of the dike rocks.-.__________-________----_-___ 126 Economic significance of the dikes___________________________ 128 Geologic structure.________________________________________________ 128 Faults ----------------------------------------------------- 129 Joints.-.-___-.__----_---_---__----__-_._-___-------_. 129 Structures in the quarry face.___________________________________ 130 Dolomite deposit-___-___---____-__--_.._---__--__---__-____-_-_---_ 130 Lithology of the dolomite...------._____________________________ 130 Breccia zones.________-_____-____-______-_--_____--_-__-__ 132 Chemical analyses.__---___-_________________________________-^ 132 Lithologic section and position of selected samples _________________ 132 Silica and other impurities.--_---______-_-_----_______-___-.__-_ 135 Origin of the dolomite._________________________________________ 138 Mining conditions and methods.
    [Show full text]
  • Oxidation of Sulfide Minerals. V. Galena, Sphalerite and Chalcogite
    Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 18,pp. 365-372(1980) OXIDATIONOF SULFIDEMINERALS. V. GALENA,SPHALERITE AND CHALCOGITE H.F. STEGBR eup L.E. DESJARDINS Mineral SciencesLaboratories, Canada Centre lor Mineral and Energy Technology, Department ol Energy, Mines and Resources,Ottawa, Ontaio KIA OGI AssrRecr long-term stability of sulfide-bearing ores and concentrates.Part of this study was concerned Samples of galena, sphalerite and cbalcocite were with the nature of the products and kinetics of oxidized at 52oC and, 68Vo of relative humidity the oxidation of the commonly encountered periods to five weeks, and the prqd- in air for up sulfide minerals. The oxidation of pyrite, chal- for metal and sulfur-bearing ucts were analyzed pyrrhotite at 52oC and, 687o of. species. Galena is. oxidized to PbSOa, sphalerite copyrite and (RH) has already been in- to ZnSO. * FezO, if iron-bearing, and chalcocite relative humidity to CuO and CuS. The oxidation of galena and vestigated (Steger & Desjardins 1978). This re- sphalerite proceeds according to a linear rate potr summarizes the results of the study 9f tle law: that of chalcocite leads to the formation of a bxidation of galena, sphalerite and chalcocite coherent product layer impenetrable to Oz and HrO under the same conditions. vapor. The air oxidation of galena at relatively low without Keywords: air oxidation, oxidation products, sul- temperatures has been investigated fide minerals, galena, sphalerite, chalcocite. reaching a consensuson the nature of the oxida- tion product. Hagihara (1952), using a re- Sourvrlrnp flection electron-diffraction technique, and Kirkwood & Nutting (1965), using a trans- Nous avons 6tudi6 I'oxydation dans I'air d'6chan- mission electron-diffraction technique, found tillons de galdne, de sphal6rite et de chalcocite i this product to be PbSOo,whereas Leia et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Fluid Properties and Sources of Sixiangchang Carbonate- Associated Mercury Deposit, Southwest China
    Acta Geochim (2019) 38(5):670–682 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-019-00362-w ORIGINAL ARTICLE Fluid properties and sources of Sixiangchang carbonate- associated mercury deposit, southwest China 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 Yuzhou Zhuo • Yong Huang • Jinwei Li • Wei Gao • Jinxiang Li Received: 8 March 2019 / Revised: 6 June 2019 / Accepted: 27 June 2019 / Published online: 4 July 2019 Ó Science Press and Institute of Geochemistry, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract Mercury mines in Guizhou province are the %, while d18O variation ranges from 13.80 to 23.09 %, main base of mercury production and the most important and the d34S variation range of cinnabar is 16.51–24.28 %. resource base in China. The San-Dan mercury belt in Carbonate mineral trace elements and C–O isotopes com- Guizhou province contains a series of important mercury positions suggested that early ore-forming fluid was deposits. However, the source of metallogenic materials reduced, and late ore-forming fluid was oxidized. The ore- and the properties of metallogenic fluid of these mercury forming fluid of the Sixiangchang mercury deposit is a deposits have long been a controversial issue. In this study, mixture of deep crustal fluid and meteoric water in deep we used cathode luminescence techniques to distinguish thermal circulation, and involved in the oxidation of different stages of dolomite and calcite, laser ablation organic matter. The cinnabar d34S results showed that inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to analyze sulfur mainly came from seawater sulfate with the partic- the trace elements, and stable isotope mass spectrometry ipation of microbial reduction.
    [Show full text]
  • Hematite and Goethite Inclusions in Low-Grade
    HEMATITE AND GOETHITE INCLUSIONS IN LOW-GRADE DOLOMITIC BANDED IRON FORMATIONS: PHYSICAL PARAMETER EVALUATION TO OPTIMIZE ORE BENEFICIATION Beate Orberger, Christiane Wagner, Alina Tudryn, Benoît Baptiste, Richard Wirth, Rachael Morgan, Serge Miska To cite this version: Beate Orberger, Christiane Wagner, Alina Tudryn, Benoît Baptiste, Richard Wirth, et al.. HEMATITE AND GOETHITE INCLUSIONS IN LOW-GRADE DOLOMITIC BANDED IRON FORMATIONS: PHYSICAL PARAMETER EVALUATION TO OPTIMIZE ORE BENEFICIA- TION. XXVIII International Mineral Processing Congress Proceedings , Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum, 2016, pp.1-11. hal-01394125 HAL Id: hal-01394125 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01394125 Submitted on 8 Nov 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. IMPC 2016: XXVIII International Mineral Processing Congress Proceedings - ISBN: 978-1-926872-29-2 HEMATITE AND GOETHITE INCLUSIONS IN LOW-GRADE DOLOMITIC BANDED IRON FORMATIONS: PHYSICAL PARAMETER EVALUATION TO OPTIMIZE ORE BENEFICIATION *B. Orberger1, C. Wagner2, A. Tudryn1,
    [Show full text]
  • Barite in Washington
    State of Washington ALBERT D. ROSELLINI, Governor Department of Conservation EARL COE, Director DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY MARSHALL T. HUNTTING, Supervisor Bulletin No. 51 BARITE IN WASHINGTON By WAYNE S. MOEN For sale by Department of Conservation, Olympia, Washington. Price, Sl.00. FOREWORD Barite is on essential row material in several important industries, but it is fomilior to re latively few people. It is not unusual in appearance, and a person might foil to recognize the minerol upon visual examination, but almost anyone who might pick up a sample would notice its unusually high specific gravity (heavy weight) It is this high specific gravity that gives borite its value in its most important use-os a weighting agent in oil well-drilling mud. In recent years about half a million tons of borite hos been mined annually in the United States, and during the post few years Washington deposits have made sma1 I contributions toward that total. Our recent production hos averaged about one­ half of one percent of the total for the United States. Although this may not seem to be a major item in our economy or even in our total State minera l production, it is considered to be important and has provided employment to a few people here. We have Felt that the expected continued demand for borite for drilling muds to be used in Alaska will result in a long-term demand for Washington borite. Because of this anticipated demand and because we have felt that there is on excellent possi­ bility that new and larger deposits of borite could be found and mined in Washington, on investigation of our borite resources was initiated.
    [Show full text]