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Manchester's Guardian Underground Telephone Exchange
Article for Transactions of the Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian Society Manchester’s Guardian Underground Telephone Exchange Richard Brook, Manchester School of Architecture Martin Dodge, Department of Geography, University of Manchester Introduction Deep under the heart of Manchester city centre lies a large network of reinforced concrete tunnels known as the Guardian Underground Telephone Exchange (GUTE). It is an ageing relic from the beginning of the Cold War era, built with some degree of secrecy in the mid 1950s, but it still operates silently and largely unmanned as an infrastructural space facilitating the communications of those above. Surprisingly little information regarding the GUTE is readily accessible and the subterranean nature of the structure itself acts to entomb the reality of its shape and scale. A lack of concrete information has allowed facts to be supplanted by myths, fostering numerous (mis)perceptions of the same intangible space. The GUTE was conceived during a time of escalating international tensions in the early 1950s as a ‘hardened’ bunker to protect vital national communication links in the event of an atomic bomb attack upon Manchester. However, this defining characteristic of subterranean defence was never achieved because, even before construction was complete in 1958, advances in nuclear weapons yield and the accuracy of intercontinental ballistic missiles meant the tunnel design would be ineffective for protection of the telecommunications machinery and personnel working within. The bombproof tunnels -
A Conservation Focused Inventory of Subterranean Invertebrates of the Southwest Illinois Karst
Julian J. Lewis, Philip Moss, Diane Tecic, and Matthew E. Nelson - A conservation focused inventory of subterranean invertebrates of the southwest Illinois Karst. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 65, n. 1, p. 9-21. A CONSERVATION FOCUSED INVENTORY OF SUBTERRANEAN INVERTEBRATES OF THE SOUTHWESTERN ILLINOIS KARST JULIAN J. LEWIS J. Lewis and Associates, Biological Consulting, 217 W. Carter Avenue, Clarksville, IN 47129 USA PHILIP MOSS Ozark Underground Laboratory, 1572 Aley Lane, Protem, MO 65733 USA DIANE TECIC Natural Heritage Regional Administrator, 4521 Alton Commerce Parkwary, Alton, IL 62025 USA MATTHEW E. NELSON formerly The Nature Conservancy; current 7401 Placer Run, Fort Wayne, IN 46815 USA In 1998-1999 The Nature Conservancy conducted a bioinventory of caves in Monroe and St. Clair coun- ties in southwestern Illinois. This karst area comprises a small section of the Ozark Plateau isolated from the Missouri Ozarks by the Mississippi River. In the 71 sites that were sampled, 41 species thought to be globally rare were found and were assigned state (S) and global (G) ranks of rarity for conservation use. The list includes 10 species considered to be new to science and 12 species previously unreported from Illinois. Twenty four taxa were classified as obligate subterranean species, including four endemic species: the pseudoscorpion Mundochthonius cavernicolus, the amphipod Gammarus acherondytes, the milliped Chaetaspis sp. (undescribed), and the dipluran Eumesocampa sp. (undescribed). Gammarus acherondytes, recently listed as an endangered species, was found in six previously unsampled caves. All sites were rank-ordered according to the number of global and state rare species. The greatest single site diversity was found in Fogelpole Cave with 18 global and 20 state rare species. -
Bexar County Karst Invertebrates Draft Recovery Plan
Bexar County Karst Invertebrates Draft Recovery Plan March 2008 Bexar County Karst Invertebrates Draft Recovery Plan BEXAR COUNTY KARST INVERTEBRATES DRAFT RECOVERY PLAN Southwest Region U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Albuquerque, New Mexico March 2008 Approved: ___DRAFT_______________________________________ Regional Director, Southwest Region Date U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Concur: __DRAFT____________________________________________ Executive Director Date Texas Parks and Wildlife Department ii Bexar County Karst Invertebrates Draft Recovery Plan DISCLAIMER Recovery plans delineate reasonable actions that the best available science indicates are necessary to recover or protect listed species. Plans are published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), but are sometimes prepared with the assistance of recovery teams, contractors, state agencies, and others. Objectives will be attained and any necessary funds made available subject to budgetary and other constraints affecting the parties involved, as well as the need to address other priorities. Recovery plans are guidance and planning documents only. Identification of an action to be implemented by any private or public party does not create a legal obligation beyond existing legal requirements. Nothing in this plan should be construed as a commitment or requirement that any Federal agency obligate or pay funds in contravention of the Anti-Deficiency Act (U.S.C. 1341) or any other law or regulation. Recovery plans do not necessarily represent the views or the official positions or approval of any individuals or agencies involved in the plan formulation, other than the Service. They represent the official position of the Service only after the plan has been signed by the Regional Director as approved. -
A Biological Inventory of Eight Caves in Northwestern Georgia with Conservation Implications
Kurt A. Buhlmann - A biological inventory of eight caves in northwestern Georgia with conservation implications. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 63(3): 91-98. A BIOLOGICAL INVENTORY OF EIGHT CAVES IN NORTHWESTERN GEORGIA WITH CONSERVATION IMPLICATIONS KURT A. BUHLMANN1 University of Georgia, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29802 USA A 1995 biological inventory of 8 northwestern Georgia caves documented or re-confirmed the presence of 46 species of invertebrates, 35 considered troglobites or troglophiles. The study yielded new cave records for amphipods, isopods, diplurans, and carabid beetles. New state records for Georgia included a pselaphid beetle. Ten salamander species were in the 8 caves, including a true troglobite, the Tennessee cave salamander. Two frog, 4 bat, and 1 rodent species were also documented. One cave contained a large colony of gray bats. For carabid beetles, leiodid beetles, and millipeds, the species differed between the caves of Pigeon and Lookout Mountain. Diplurans were absent from Lookout Mountain caves, yet were present in all Pigeon Mountain caves. A comparison between 1967 and 1995 inventories of Pettijohns Cave noted the absence of 2 species of drip pool amphipods from the latter. One cave had been contaminated by a petroleum spill and the expected aquatic fauna was not found. Further inventory work is suggested and the results should be applied to management strategies that provide for both biodiver- sity protection and recreational cave use. Georgia is a cave-rich state, with most caves occurring in 29 July; Nash Waterfall Cave [NW] on 5 August; and Pigeon two distinct physiographic regions, the Cumberland Plateau Cave [PC] on 16 July (a) and 30 July (b). -
Glossary Terms
Glossary Terms € 1584 5W6 5501 a 7181, 12203 5’UTR 8126 a-g Transformation 6938 6Q1 5500 r 7181 6W1 5501 b 7181 a 12202 b-b Transformation 6938 A 12202 d 7181 AAV 10815 Z 1584 Abandoned mines 6646 c 5499 Abiotic factor 148 f 5499 Abiotic 10139, 11375 f,b 5499 Abiotic stress 1, 10732 f,i, 5499 Ablation 2761 m 5499 ABR 1145 th 5499 Abscisic acid 9145 th,Carnot 5499 Absolute humidity 893 th,Otto 5499 Absorbed dose 3022, 4905, 8387, 8448, 8559, 11026 v 5499 Absorber 2349 Ф 12203 Absorber tube 9562 g 5499 Absorption, a(l) 8952 gb 5499 Absorption coefficient 309 abs lmax 5174 Absorption 309, 4774, 10139, 12293 em lmax 5174 Absorptivity or absorptance (a) 9449 μ1, First molecular weight moment 4617 Abstract community 3278 o 12203 Abuse 6098 ’ 5500 AC motor 11523 F 5174 AC 9432 Fem 5174 ACC 6449, 6951 r 12203 Acceleration method 9851 ra,i 5500 Acceptable limit 3515 s 12203 Access time 1854 t 5500 Accessible ecosystem 10796 y 12203 Accident 3515 1Q2 5500 Acclimation 3253, 7229 1W2 5501 Acclimatization 10732 2W3 5501 Accretion 2761 3 Phase boundary 8328 Accumulation 2761 3D Pose estimation 10590 Acetosyringone 2583 3Dpol 8126 Acid deposition 167 3W4 5501 Acid drainage 6665 3’UTR 8126 Acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) 167 4W5 5501 Acid (rock or mine) drainage 6646 12316 Glossary Terms Acidity constant 11912 Adverse effect 3620 Acidophile 6646 Adverse health effect 206 Acoustic power level (LW) 12275 AEM 372 ACPE 8123 AER 1426, 8112 Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) 4997, Aerobic 10139 11129 Aerodynamic diameter 167, 206 ACS 4957 Aerodynamic -
Community Conservation Assessment for Riparian Cave Habitat and Associated Rare Animal Species
Community Conservation Assessment for Riparian Cave Habitat and Associated Rare Animal Species (Fee, 1992a). USDA Forest Service, Eastern Region October 2002 Julian J. Lewis, Ph.D. J. Lewis & Associates, Biological Consulting 217 W. Carter Avenue Clarksville, IN 47129 [email protected] HOOSIER NATIONAL FOREST This Conservation Assessment was prepared to compile the published and unpublished information on riparian cave habitats and associated rare animal species in the Hoosier National Forest. It does not represent a management decision by the U.S. Forest Service. Though the best scientific information available was used and subject experts were consulted in preparation of this document, it is expected that new information will arise. In the spirit of continuous learning and adaptive management, if you have information that will assist in conserving the subject community and associated taxa, please contact the Eastern Region of the Forest Service Threatened and Endangered Species Program at 310 Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53203 Community Conservation Assessment for Riparian Cave Habitat and Associated Rare Animal Species 2 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................4 DESCRIPTION OF HABITAT AND COMMUNITY................................4 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ........................................................5 CURENT COMMUNITY CONDITION, DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE.........................................................................................6 -
The Vjetrenica Cave in Popovo Karst Field – New Understanding of Speleogenesis
Acta geographica Bosniae et Herzegovinae 2015, 4, (51-61) Original scientific paper __________________________________________________________________________________ THE VJETRENICA CAVE IN POPOVO KARST FIELD – NEW UNDERSTANDING OF SPELEOGENESIS Muriz Spahic University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department for Geography, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina On the edge of the Popovo karst field, through which once meandered in its own coat, the river of Trebisnjica, until then the longest underground river in the world, now ameliorated in a concrete riverbed, in Zavala, is the cave Vjetrenica. By the length of the karts channels, from which 6,300 m has been explored, and by the morphometry and morphography of the cave forms, Vjetrenica is the largest and by the speleodiversity the most famous cave in the outer Dinarides zone. Because of the speleothemes during the middle of the last century (1950.) it was placed in a special protection regime – a natural monument. The speleogenesis is focused along the main karst caverns in the direction of the Adriatic Sea, i.e. a southerly direction at the beginning and the end of the cave, and in its central parts it has southeast direction. Karst corrosion processes in karst caverns are very active and have a tendency of speleoevolution in the direction of deepening the lower karst erosion base, as evidenced by the constant hydrological activities, especially after flooding of the central cave system that took place in the period from 12 to 16 October 2015. Since the cave is located on the edge of Popovo karst field, which before the melioration process was periodically flooded by the karst and nival waters, and sometimes during the whole year, and according to the earlier assumptions of speleogenetic scientists in an early stages of development of this holokarst, it was assumed that it was the channel through which the flood waters were leaving Popovo karst field. -
1. CROSS-BORDER REGION „KRŠ “ (Introductory Remarks)
KRSH Preparation for implementation of the Area Based Development (ABD) Approach in the Western Balkans BASELINE STUDY AND STRATEGIC PLAN FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE CROSS-BORDER REGION “KRŠ” BASELINE STUDY AND STRATEGIC PLAN FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE CROSS-BORDER REGION KRŠ “This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the Regional Rural Development Standing Working Group in South Eastern Europe (SEE) and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union.” This document is output of the IPA II Multi-country action programme 2014 Project ”Fostering regional cooperation and balanced territorial development of Western Balkan countries in the process towards EU integration – Support to the Regional Rural Development Standing Working Group (SWG) in South-East Europe” 2 BASELINE STUDY AND STRATEGIC PLAN FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE CROSS-BORDER REGION KRŠ Published by: Regional Rural Development Standing Working Group in SEE (SWG) Blvd. Goce Delcev 18, MRTV Building, 12th floor, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia Preparation for implementation of the Area Based Development (ABD) Approach in the Western Balkans Baseline Study and Strategic Plan for development of the cross-border region “Krš” On behalf of SWG: Boban Ilić Authors: Suzana Djordjević Milošević, Ivica Sivrić, Irena Djimrevska, in cooperation with stakeholders from the region “Krš” Editor: Damjan Surlevski Proofreading: Ana Vasileva Design: Filip Filipović Photos: SWG Head Office/Secretariat and Ivica Sivrić CIP - Каталогизација во публикација Национална и универзитетска библиотека "Св. Климент Охридски", Скопје 352(497) DJORDJEVIĆ Milošević, Suzana Preparation for implementation of the area based development (ABD) approach in the Western Balkans : Baseline study and strategic plan for development of the cross-border region "KRŠ" / [authors Suzana Djordjević Milošević, Ivica Sivrić, Irena Djimrevska]. -
(Ca. 1.45 Ga), WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PSEUDOFOSSILS, FACIES, TIDES and SYNDEPOSITIONAL TECTONIC ACTIVITY in a MESOPROTEROZOIC INTRACRATONIC BASIN
SEDIMENTARY, MICROBIAL AND DEFORMATION FEATURES IN THE LOWER BELT SUPERGROUP (ca. 1.45 Ga), WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: PSEUDOFOSSILS, FACIES, TIDES AND SYNDEPOSITIONAL TECTONIC ACTIVITY IN A MESOPROTEROZOIC INTRACRATONIC BASIN A Thesis Submitted to the College of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the Department of Geological Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon By Roy Gregory Rule © Copyright Roy Gregory Rule, July, 2020. All rights reserved. PERMISSION TO USE In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for a Postgraduate degree from the University of Saskatchewan, I agree that the Libraries of this University may make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for copying of this thesis in any manner, in whole or in part, for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professor or professors who supervised my thesis work or, in their absence, by the Head of the Department or the Dean of the College in which my thesis work was done. It is understood that any copying or publication or use of this thesis or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to the University of Saskatchewan in any scholarly use which may be made of any material in my thesis. Requests for permission to copy or to make other uses of materials in this thesis in whole or part should be addressed to: Head of the Geological Sciences Geology Building University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada Or Dean College of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies University of Saskatchewan 116 Thorvaldson Building, 110 Science Place Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada i ABSTRACT Sedimentary, microbial and deformation features in the lower Belt Supergroup (ca. -
Verbands Nachrichten
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Verbandsnachrichten des Verband Österreichischer Höhlenforscher Jahr/Year: 2010 Band/Volume: 2010_4 Autor(en)/Author(s): Mattes Johannes Artikel/Article: Verbandsnachrichten 1 ©Verband Österreichischer, Höhlenforscher, download unter www.hoehle.org und www.biologiezentrum.at Nr.: 4/2010 Jahrgang 61 VERBANDS NACHRICHTEN Verband Österreichischer Höhlenforscher ©Verband Österreichischer, Höhlenforscher, download unter www.hoehle.org und www.biologiezentrum.at Versand: Otto M. SCHMITZ Mitteilungsblatt Erscheinungsweise: 6 x jährlich (auch Doppelnummern möglich) des Verbandes Österreichischer Bezugspreis: Für Mitgliedsvereine des Verbandes (VÖH) Höhlenforscher im Mitgliedsbeitrag inbegriffen. Abonnement: 7 Euro/Jahr. Bestellung bitte an die Redak- (Bulletin of the Austrian Speleological Association) tionsadresse. Die Redaktion behält sich Kürzungen und die Bearbeitung von Beiträgen vor. Durch Einsendung von Fotografien und Jahrgang 61, Nr. 4/2010 Zeichnungen stellt der Absender den Herausgeber/ Wien, August 2010 Redaktion von Ansprüchen Dritter frei. Für den Inhalt namentlich gekennzeichneter Beiträge sind die Autoren verantwortlich. Banküberweisungen an den Verband Österreichischer Internet: Höhlenforscher (Bankkonto auch für Spenden): Postsparkasse Wien Homepage: www.hoehle.org BLZ: 60000, Kto.: 7553127 VÖH-Handy: 0676/9015196 (Verwendungszweck bitte angeben) Speläoforum Österreich: Aus dem Ausland: -
Volume 69 Index
VOLUME 69 INDEX INDEX TO VOLUME 69 OF THE JOURNAL OF CAVE AND KARST STUDIES IRA D. SASOWSKY & ELAINE L. Butcher Department of Geology and Environmental Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3641, USA, [email protected] This index covers all articles and abstracts published in discussed in articles. For articles containing extensive volume 69 parts 1, 2, and 3. Selected abstracts from the lists of organisms indexing was conducted at least to the 2007 Society convention in Marengo, Indiana are level of Order. The third section is an alphabetical included. Author index. Articles with multiple authors are indexed The index has three sections. The first is a Keyword for each author, and each author's name was cited as index, containing general and specific terms from the title given. and body of an article. This includes cave names, Citations include only the name of the author, followed geographic names, etc. Numerical keywords (such as by the page numbers. Within an index listing, such as 1814) are indexed according to alphabetic spelling “Bats”, the earliest article is cited first. (Eighteen fourteen). The second section is a Biologic names index. These terms are Latin names of organisms Keyword Index Aach Spring 371 75 Alunogen Worthington, S.R.H., p.94-102 Grady, F., and Baker, C., p.371-372 Barton, H.A., and Northup, D.E., Audra, P., p.243-249 Access Aggregates p.163-178 Ammonia Lovaas, J., p.375-375 Hill, C.A., and Forti, P., p.35-45 Toomey III, R.S., and Trimbolt, S., Audra, P., p.243-249 Accidentals Agricultural p.365-365 Levy, -
Neretva and Trebišnjica River Basin (NTRB)
E1468 Consulting Services for Environment Impact Assessment Public Disclosure Authorized in the Neretva and Trebišnjica River Basin (NTRB) No. TF052845/GE-P084608 Public Disclosure Authorized F I N A L EIA R E P O R T Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Sarajevo/Banja Luka, August 2006 Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia Proposed Integrated Ecosystem Management of the Nerteva and Trebišnjica River Basin (NTRB) Project Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms EXECUTIVE SUMMARY List of Tables List of Pictures List of Annexes References 1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION .....................................................................................14 1.1. Background .............................................................................................. 14 1.2. Project objectives..................................................................................... 15 1.3. Project components ................................................................................. 16 2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ......................................21 2.1. Overall Project Implementation Arrangements....................................... 21 2.2. Requirements of the WB .......................................................................... 22 2.3. Bosnia and Herzegovina environmental policy ........................................ 23 2.4. Legislation of Republic of Croatia ............................................................ 26 2.5. Evaluation of project environmental aspects .................................................27