DOCSLIB.ORG

Royal Wedding: Titles , Tiaras, Traditions -- James K

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Royal Wedding: Titles , Tiaras, Traditions -- James K Volume 12, Number 3 Denver, Colorado July, August, September 2011 Royal Wedding: Titles , Tiaras, Traditions -- James K. Jeffrey Who doesn’t love a wedding, especially one between two beautiful people who apparently are so in love, one with the other? Friday, 29 April, found millions of people around the world watching the festivities surrounding the marriage of Prince William of Wales to Catherine Middleton. It is understood about one million Britons came out and lined the parade route from Buckingham Palace to Westminster Abbey. Twenty-four million people watched the spectacle on their television sets in the United Kingdom. Over two billion people from around the globe tuned in to witness the wedding of the future king of England either on television or the Internet. The British Broadcasting Corporation website crashed several times. – continued on pg 38 www.wise-fhs.org W.I.S.E. Words ~- 36 -~ July, August, September 2011 in our four nations, spurred by requests from members. I fear that many people have joined President’s W.I.S.E. without realizing that our framework is Message larger than telling members how to find what they’re looking for – great-grandmother’s birth- place in Ireland, for instance, or learning ances- What exactly is the W.I.S.E. Family History tors’ names to fill out pedigree charts. We want to Society? Is it a genealogy society or an organiza- foster the urge to study, read, listen and compre- tion that studies and promotes British Isles family hend. Our primary educational outreach has been history and culture? our seminars specializing in genealogical research, The answer is: Both. and in our research trips to the Family History Library in Salt Lake City. W.I.S.E. started as a study group in 1983, but by the time it was incorporated 17 years later, its pur- Now, we’re going to try a new tack, a series of pose had expanded. Our bylaws adopted in 2000 classes devoted to general and specific research. describe our objective this way: “To promote an (See details elsewhere in this newsletter.) But they interest and education in genealogy and family won’t be for the uninitiated; we’re calling them history.” The bylaws also state that membership intermediate. Other genealogy societies offer is open to anyone interested in furthering those classes for beginners. Besides possessing such objectives. Traditionally, our programs mix gene- basic skills as knowing how to fill out charts, alogy with culture. you’ll need to know at the very least which coun- try your ancestor came from, preferably a county, That said, it’s important to understand that we are as well as the religion and approximately when not a common genealogy society. We are a the family emigrated. specialty group like other ethnic-roots groups including the Swedes, Germans and Palatines. You must know how to surf the Internet, under- History and education are written large in our mis- stand census research and have an idea of how sion – cultural family history. Our goal is not to to use the major online genealogical databases, teach the elements of genealogical research – www.Ancestry.com and www.FamilySearch.org many other organizations do that – but rather to (they’re not the same). Old-fashioned research take genealogical studies to the next level, to help skills will help. As in all genealogical research, members understand the culture from which you must be prepared to meet frustration head we came. on, to understand that incremental advances are big deals and that nothing is going to be all Take it from me, a descendant of Scots and Irish, in one place. You must be motivated, an active as well as French-Canadians and Germans, that’s pursuer of knowledge. the best part of genealogical research, giving your family historic context, understanding how they – Zoe von Ende Lappin□ fit into the large scheme of things on both sides of the ocean and unearthing the story of why they came to America. Membership Report Along the way, of course, you must identify --Nancy Craig your families and determine where they came from. But what comes first, individuals or their Welcome to these new members who recently society? joined W.I.S.E. Those issues have faced the W.I.S.E. board of March: Joahn Hartman; Marilyn (Bowers) and directors this spring as we have discussed the pos- David Jensen. sibility of offering classes in genealogical research April: Terry Jones; Susan Jordan; Peter Netzel.□ www.wise-fhs.org W.I.S.E. Words ~- 37 -~ July, August, September 2011 W.I.S.E. Family History Society British Isles Research at Denver Public Library W.I.S.E. Family History Society is dedicated to research in Wales, Ireland, Scotland, England, the Channel Islands Think you know the British resources at the Den- and the Isle of Man. Attention is also directed to the emi- gration and immigration of these peoples as well as heral- ver Public Library? Think again. Come explore the dry and one-name studies. Monthly meetings are generally hidden resources and treasures awaiting the re- held the fourth Saturday of most months at the Central searcher at the Central Denver Public Library with Denver Public Library, 7th Floor. Membership is open to the man who has winkled, ferreted, marshaled, anyone with interest in family history and genealogy. Membership dues for the calendar year are $12 for an built and re-imaged one of America’s finest local individual or $15 for a family living at the same address. history and genealogy collections. James K. The W.I.S.E. Family History Society publishes W.I.S.E. Jeffrey is the collection specialist in genealogy at Words four times per year, and a subscription is included the Denver Public Library. He received the with membership dues. Add $5 to the dues, if you want a P. William Filby Award for Excellence in Genea- printed copy of the newsletter mailed to you. logical Librarianship from the National Genealog- © 2000-2011, W.I.S.E. Family History Society, P.O. Box 40658, Denver, CO 80204-0658 ical Society in 2004. James is a member of All rights reserved. W.I.S.E. Family History Society, and he will be Visit our website at www.wise-fhs.org. our featured speaker at the September 24th pro- gram. If you do not know James, introduce your- Officers and Board Members self to him when you visit the DPL genealogy President ............................................ Zoe von Ende Lappin collection.□ ............................................................. [email protected] Vice President ............................................. Sandy Ronayne In This Issue Secretary ................................................ Sandy Carter-Duff Royal Wedding: Titles, Tiaras, Traditions .................. 35 Treasurer ..................................................... Nancy G. Craig President's Message ..................................................... 36 Past President ............................................ Duane Woodard Membership Report ..................................................... 36 Membership ................................................. Nancy G. Craig British Isles Research at Denver Public Library ......... 37 Members’ Interest Coordinator ................... Terence Quirke Scottish Research Seminar ........................................... 41 Publicity Coordinator ................................. Cynthia Murphy New Country Editor for Scotland ................................ 42 Archivist / Historian ..................................... John Mossman 400 Years of King James Bible .................................... 42 CCGS Delegate ............................................ Cathy Bowman An Englishman Appreciates Colorado Resources ....... 45 Webmaster ................................................... Richard Savage Irish Festival Volunteers Needed ................................. 46 Scottish Festival Workers Needed. .......................... 46 Newsletter Staff Researching in Edinburgh ............................................. 47 Adopt a Book Opportunity for W.I.S.E. Members ........ 48 Newsketter Editor ....................................... Judith S. Phelps .............................................................. [email protected] New Irish Websites ...................................................... 48 Irish Family History Foundation ................................. 48 Book Review Editor ............................ Zoe von Ende Lappin Y Gelli, Town of Books ................................................ 49 Internet Resources Review Editor ................. Linda Pearce Welsh Heritage Week and Wandering in Wales........... 50 Proofreaders........................ Jack and Zoe von Ende Lappin About the Scottish-Mexicans ........................................ 51 Distribution Coordinator.................................... Sue Clasen Websites for the Wise – Wales ..................................... 52 Country Editors Member Profiles .......................................................... 53 Book Review ................................................................ 54 Wales .............................................................. Samuel Kuntz Salt Lake City Research Trip ....................................... 55 Ireland ......................................................... Marylee Hagen Classes on England Research ...................................... 55 Scotland .......................................................... Ken McIntosh In Memoriam ............................................................... 55 England ......................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Department of English Language and Literature British Royal Wedding
    Masaryk University Faculty of Education Department of English Language and Literature Denisa Čechová British Royal Wedding Protocol and Etiquette Bachelor Thesis Supervisor: Mgr. Jaroslav Izavčuk 2015 I declare that I have worked on this thesis independently, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography. …………………………………………….. Denisa Čechová I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to my supervisor, Mgr. Jaroslav Izavčuk, who has supported me with his insightful thoughts, his professional as well as friendly approach and for his patience. Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Origin of court etiquette ..................................................................................... 9 1.2 History of British etiquette ............................................................................... 10 1.3 Importance of etiquette for current society in the United Kingdom ................ 13 2 MEANING AND HISTORY OF PROTOCOL IN EUROPE ................................ 14 3 CURRENT ROYAL PROTOCOL IN THE UNITED KINGDOM ....................... 16 3.1 Formal occasions and the Queen ...................................................................... 18 3.2 State visits and breaches of protocol ................................................................ 19 4 BRITISH ROYAL HOUSEHOLD ......................................................................... 23 4.1 Great Officers of State ....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Tit &0Ù6*F (01Ù 'Ëcstâtttcttt
    Zljt & ©eretttôttiâl o f tit &0Ù6 *f ^attimut*a|»t ^jsspnait ^aWWok pittite Codt? AAÙ (01Ù ‘ëcstâtttcttt ProQuest Number: 27535014 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 27535014 Published by ProQuest LLO (2019). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLO. ProQuest LLO. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.Q. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Law and Oeraraonial of Marriage in the Code of Hamraurapi, Assyrian Lawbook, Hittite Code, and Old Testament. The purpose of this discussion is to discover the nature of the Institution of Marriage in the above mentioned sources. With this in view the work will examine them in detail & consider their provisions. With the sources will be considered such relevant Contracts, Letters, & Business Documents as have been published & made available. In these ! will be found illustrations of the lawgiver's enactments* occasionally it will be found that in practice distinctions have been introduced which are not in the Codes. These the discussion will mark & record. A large number of such Business Documents are available in connection with the first source but for the Assyrian ^awbook & the Hittite Code there is not the same wealth of material.
    [Show full text]
  • The Modernization of Three Korean Villages, 1951-1981: an Illustrated Study of a People and Their Material Culture
    f /Z at\ The Modernization of Three Korean Villages, 1951-1981: An Illustrated Study of a People and Their Material Culture EUGENE I. KNEZ SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY • NUMBER 39 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Folklife Studies Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review.
    [Show full text]
  • Queen's Call to Arms! | Sunshine Coast Daily
    10/2/2020 YOUR STORY: Queen's Call to Arms! | Sunshine Coast Daily YOUR STORY: Queen's Call to Arms! by GEORGE_HELON 2 14th Sep 2020 10:37 AM Just before his eldest daughter Catherine Middleton married His Royal Highness Prince William, the future Duke of Cambridge on 29 April 2011 in Westminster Abbey, Michael Middleton was granted a coat of arms by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II as a personal gift. On 25 May 2018 Meghan Markle, now the Duchess of Sussex was granted a coat of arms in her own right by the Queen; but in Meghan's case - and partly because of her unruly clan - the privilege extended neither to her father, nor her family. By Letters Patent issued under Crown authority, I GEORGE WILLIAM HELON Esquire of Toowoomba have just been granted a coat of arms, crest, badge and the exemplification of a standard by Her Majesty's College of Arms in London (College Reference: Grants 23/2019). Her Majesty the Queen is the 'Fount of Honour' from whom all titles, grants of arms, orders of chivalry and honours are conferred; they are Our Sovereign's gift and prerogative. Under English heraldic law, a coat of arms and armorial ensigns can be granted to persons of eminence or good standing in national or local life and for exceptional service to society at large. A grant of arms confers upon a person and his or her legitimate descendants the exclusive right to bear a particular coat of arms or armorial bearings in perpetuity. Contrary to what some may have read on the internet and believe, there is no such thing as a coat of arms for a particular surname; coats of arms belong to specific individuals, their families and descendants.
    [Show full text]
  • THE PRINCE of WALES and the DUCHESS of CORNWALL Background Information for Media
    THE PRINCE OF WALES AND THE DUCHESS OF CORNWALL Background Information for Media May 2019 Contents Biography .......................................................................................................................................... 3 Seventy Facts for Seventy Years ...................................................................................................... 4 Charities and Patronages ................................................................................................................. 7 Military Affiliations .......................................................................................................................... 8 The Duchess of Cornwall ............................................................................................................ 10 Biography ........................................................................................................................................ 10 Charities and Patronages ............................................................................................................... 10 Military Affiliations ........................................................................................................................ 13 A speech by HRH The Prince of Wales at the "Our Planet" premiere, Natural History Museum, London ...................................................................................................................................... 14 Address by HRH The Prince of Wales at a service to celebrate the contribution
    [Show full text]
  • Equerries to The.Duke of Gloucester, ' :...\ , 'Edmund Currey, Esq
    [ 2900 ] Equerries to the.Duke of Gloucester, ' :...\ , 'Edmund Currey, Esq. Lieut. Col. Samuel Higgins. ,/, Equerries to the Duke of Cambridge, •... Colonel Keat, Major-General Sir James Lyon, K. C'. B. Equerries to the Duke of Sussex, Henry Fredericlc Stephenson, Esq. "Major Perkins Magra. Equerries to the Duke of Cumberland, ' .- Colonel Charles Wade Thornton, Lieutenant-General Henry Wynyard, General Vyse> Equerries to the Duke of Kent, Captain Conran, Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Henry W. Carr, K. C. B. Major-General Sir George Anson, K. C. B. Lieutenant-General Wetherall. Equerry to the Duke of York, Charles Culling Smith, Esq. • " Equerries to the Prince Regent, ... Charles Quentin, Esq. Major-General Sir Richard Hussey Vivian, K. C. B. Sir William Cougreve, Bart. Clerk-Marshal and First Equerry to the Prince Regent, Lieutcnant-General F. T. Hammond. Quarter-Master-General, Adjutant-General, Maj. Gen. Sir J. Willoughby Gordon, Bart. K. C. B. Lieu] . Sir Harry Calvert, Bart. G. C. 15. Equerries to the King. Lieutenant-General William Wynyard. Lieutenant-General Sir Brent Spencer, G. C. B. General Cartvvright. General Gwyn. Clerk-Marshal and First Equerry. General Robert Manners. Gentlemen Ushers of the Privy Chamber to His Majesty, John Hale, Esq. Sir Robert Chester, Knt. .T. Hatton, Esq. W. Masten, Esq. Officers of the Duehy of Cornwall, viz. Solicitor General, William Harrison, Esq. Auditor, Receiver-General, Sir William Kn.ighton, Bart. • The Right Honourable Lord William Gordon. Lord Warden of the Stannaries, <'. The Earl of Yarmouth. Grooms of the Bedchamber to His Majesty, Admiral Sir George Campbell, K. C.B. Lieut.-Col. the Hon. Henry King.
    [Show full text]
  • The Kingship of David II (1329-71)
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Stirling Online Research Repository 1 The Kingship of David II (1329-71) Although he was an infant, and English sources would jibe that he soiled the coronation altar, David Bruce was the first king of Scots to receive full coronation and anointment. As such, his installation at Scone abbey on 24 November 1331 was another triumph for his father.1 The terms of the 1328 peace had stipulated that Edward III’s regime should help secure from Avignon both the lifting of Robert I’s excommunication and this parity of rite with the monarchies of England and France. David’s coronation must, then, have blended newly-borrowed traditions with established Scottish inaugural forms: it probably merged the introduction of the boy-king and the carrying of orb, sceptre and sword by the incumbents of ancient lines of earls, then unction and the taking of oaths to common law and church followed by a sermon by the new bishop of St Andrews, the recitation of royal genealogy in Gaelic and general homage, fealty and knighting of subjects alongside the king.2 Yet this display must also have been designed to reinforce the territorial claims of authority of the Bruce house in the presence of its allies and in-laws from the north, west and south-west of Scotland as well as the established Lowland political community. Finally, it was in part an impressive riposte to Edward II’s failed attempts to persuade the papacy of his claim for England’s kings to be anointed with the holy oil of Becket.3 1 Chronica Monasterii de Melsa, ed.
    [Show full text]
  • The Earldom of Ross, 1215-1517
    Cochran-Yu, David Kyle (2016) A keystone of contention: the Earldom of Ross, 1215-1517. PhD thesis. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7242/ Copyright and moral rights for this thesis are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Glasgow Theses Service http://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] A Keystone of Contention: the Earldom of Ross, 1215-1517 David Kyle Cochran-Yu B.S M.Litt Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Ph.D. School of Humanities College of Arts University of Glasgow September 2015 © David Kyle Cochran-Yu September 2015 2 Abstract The earldom of Ross was a dominant force in medieval Scotland. This was primarily due to its strategic importance as the northern gateway into the Hebrides to the west, and Caithness and Sutherland to the north. The power derived from the earldom’s strategic situation was enhanced by the status of its earls. From 1215 to 1372 the earldom was ruled by an uninterrupted MacTaggart comital dynasty which was able to capitalise on this longevity to establish itself as an indispensable authority in Scotland north of the Forth.
    [Show full text]
  • Monarchy in Scotland | the Edinburgh Legal History Blog
    Edinburgh Research Explorer Monarchy in Scotland Citation for published version: Cairns, JW, Monarchy in Scotland, 2013, Web publication/site, Edinburgh Legal History Blog. <http://www.elhblog.law.ed.ac.uk/2013/07/23/monarchy-in-scotland/> Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publisher Rights Statement: © Cairns, J. (Author). (2013). Monarchy in Scotland. Edinburgh Legal History Blog. General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 24. Sep. 2021 Monarchy in Scotland | The Edinburgh Legal History Blog http://www.elhblog.law.ed.ac.uk/2013/07/23/monarchy-in-scotland/ The Edinburgh Legal History Blog Monarchy in Scotland Posted on 23/07/2013 by John Cairns The birth of a Prince to the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge on 22 July calls for some reflection in a Legal History Blog, particularly one based in Scotland, with which our British Royal family has such close links, both ancient and recent. Of course, the Duke’s and Duchess’s studies at the University of St Andrews are well known; less well known is that the Duchess’s sister, “Pippa” Middleton, studied at your blogger’s University of Edinburgh.
    [Show full text]
  • Royal Foundation's Annual Report
    Company Registration No. 7033553 Charity Registration No. 1132048 The Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge (formerly The Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and The Duke and Duchess of Sussex) Report and Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2019 The Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge (formerly The Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and The Duke and Duchess of Sussex) Company Registration No. 7033553 Contents Page Principals and Members, Officers and Professional Advisers 1 Letter from the Chair of the Board 2 Trustees' report - incorporating the Directors' report for Companies Act purposes 4 Independent Auditor's report 16 Consolidated statement of financial activities 19 Charity statement of financial activities 20 Consolidated and charity balance sheet 21 Consolidated and charity cash flow statement 22 Notes to the consolidated financial statements 23 The Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge (formerly The Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and The Duke and Duchess of Sussex) Company Registration No. 7033553 Principals and Members TRH The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge Trustees Sir Keith Mills, GBE, DL – Chairman Tessa Green, CBE Edward Harley, OBE, DL (resigned 18 September 2019) Jamie Lowther-Pinkerton, LVO, MBE, DL Charles Mindenhall Guy Monson (appointed 18 September 2019, resigned 10 December 2019) Simon Patterson Lady Pinsent Claire Wills Ex Officio Trustees Simon Case, CVO (appointed 8 August 2019)
    [Show full text]
  • Who Is Queen Elizabeth II?
    Who is Queen Elizabeth II? Elizabeth was born on 21st April 1926 as Princess Elizabeth. She was born in Mayfair, an area of London. She was the first child of The Duke and Duchess of York. The Duke of York later became King George VI. Elizabeth’s Childhood Princess Elizabeth was taught privately at home, not at school. She studied art and music and enjoyed drama and swimming. When she was 11, she joined the Girl Guides. Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh Get Married Princess Elizabeth married Philip Mountbatten, Duke of Edinburgh on 20th November 1947 in Westminster Abbey. She was 21 years old when she got married. They received 2500 wedding gifts from around the world! Elizabeth Becomes Queen In 1952, when she was 25, Elizabeth’s father King George VI died. Elizabeth was in Kenya when she heard the sad news. She came home straight away and it was decided that Elizabeth would become queen. She became queen on 6th February 1952 and was crowned on 2nd June 1953. The Royal Family Queen Elizabeth II and Philip, Duke of Edinburgh have four children: • In 1948, the Queen's first child Prince Charles was born – Prince of Wales. • In 1950, Princess Anne was born – Princess Royal. • In 1960, Prince Andrew was born – Duke of York. • In 1964, Prince Edward was born – Earl of Wessex. The Royal Family Queen Elizabeth II and the Philip, They also have eight great Duke of Edinburgh have eight grandchildren: grandchildren including 2 who are • Savannah Phillips well known - Prince William and • Isla Phillips Prince Harry.
    [Show full text]
  • Amazing-Facts-About-The-Queen.Pdf
    Thank You So Much and Welcome Thank you so much choosing this lovely book about the Queen. Part of the proceeds will go towards helping people in Africa and other 3rd world countries with pressing health issues. I have been a Nurse for 50 years and have always been very grateful for excellent health and our very good health services. Others are not so lucky! I sincerely hope that you enjoy reading some amazing and unusual facts about the Queen 1 Table of Contents Early Years……………………..……………...……………………………… Page 7 The Queens First Home ………..………………….……………………………... Page 9 Never went to school ….................................................................................. Page 11 A Royal romance............................................................................................ Page 15 Married in Westminster Abbey..................................................................... Page 19 Engagement ring.......................................................................................... Page 18 The wedding …................................................................................................ Page 19 Eight bridesmaids.......................................................................................... Page 20 The Queen's wedding dress …......................................................................... Page 22 Wedding gifts........................................................................................................ Page 22 Honeymoon..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]