Seeking Conviviality

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Seeking Conviviality Seeking Conviviality Re-forming Community Diakonia in Europe Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...........................................1 PREFACE ........................................................ 2 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 3 The European context ................................................... 3 Seeking conviviality ...................................................... 3 Re-forming Community Diakonia in Europe—the Process ............................................... 4 The Structure of the report ............................................ 4 PART ONE – THE EUROPEAN CONTEXT .................. 5 1. Four Contextual Challenges ....................................... 5 2. Four Challenges for the Church ................................. 9 PART TWO – THEMES FOR REFLECTION & ACTION .... 15 1. Vocation ................................................................. 15 2. Conviviality ..............................................................17 3. Justice ................................................................... 20 4. Dignity ................................................................... 22 PART THREE – RE-FORMING COMMUNITY DiaKONia ..27 1. Starting Local ..........................................................27 2. Supporting Actions ..................................................37 3. Next Steps in the Process ....................................... 39 4. Conclusions and Questions ......................................41 Edited by: Tony Addy, interdiac, on behalf of BibLIOGRapHY ................................................ 44 the Lutheran World Federation Cover photo: © ELKU/Szilárd Szabó AppENDIX 1 – THE PARTNERS & THE PROCESS .......... 45 The European Solidarity Group .................................... 45 Layout: LWB-Communications Office Relation to Lutheran World Federation Strategy ........... 45 The partnership with interdiac ..................................... 45 Published by: The Lutheran World Federation – A Communion of Churches Department for Mission and AppENDIX 2 – EUROPEAN SOLIDARITY Development GROUP MEMBERS .............................................47 Route de Ferney 150 P. O. Box 2100 AppENDIX 3 – FOLLOW UP CONTACTS .................... 48 CH–1211 Geneva 2 LWF European Solidarity Group .................................. 48 © The Lutheran World Federation Lutheran World Federation (LWF) ............................... 48 interdiac .................................................................... 48 ISBN 978-2-940459-29-2 [email protected] 2 The Lutheran World Federation Seeking Conviviality Acknowledgements The production of this report is just one part of the overall process Seeking Conviviality, Re-forming Community Diakonia in Europe. The participation of 28 people, most of whom are active in local diakonia, gives a rich picture of the context and ideas for diaconal practice grounded in experience. We acknowledge the contribution of all the members of this Solidarity Group to the process and thank them for it Two workshops were held dur- ing the process and we thank our Finnish colleagues on the staff of the Järvenpää campus of Diak and of Seurakuntaopisto and the Church © LWF/Juho Kuva Advanced Training Centre for their hosting of the group in December 2011. The second meeting in January The whole process was organised tribution to the report and the whole 2013 was hosted by Bishop Uhland in collaboration with the International development process. In producing Spahlinger and his staff at the centre Academy for Diaconia and Social the report, one of the Solidarity group of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Action, Central and Eastern Europe members, Szilárd Szabó, acted as Ukraine, in Odessa, along with other (interdiac) and we acknowledge the photo editor, and we thank him for his local colleagues. We thank them also contribution of the leading staff of the enthusiastic contribution. for their generous hospitality and for Academy to the whole process. Es- In terms of contributions to devel- the local arrangements in the Ukraine. pecially we would like to thank Janka oping the process, we acknowledge In May 2012, some members of Adameová, the director, for inspiring the work of the LWF staff in the the Solidarity Group led the Diakonia the participatory approach which we Communications office for creating Day at the LWF European Church have used throughout. the webpage and designing the pub- Leadership Consultation held in Ostra- This report was compiled and lication and also other LWF staff for va, Czech Republic. We acknowledge written by Tony Addy, the head of vital support. And we acknowledge the feedback and contribution of the education at interdiac, with the active the effective teamwork of the leading members of this meeting to the reflec- contribution of the Solidarity Group group, Eva Sibylle Vogel-Mfato from tions of the group and look forward to members with text, stories and photo- LWF and Janka Adameová and Tony further collaboration. graphs and we acknowledge his con- Addy from interdiac. Department for Mission and Development 1 Preface Since 2011, the Lutheran World Federa- tion (LWF) member churches in Europe have engaged in a process of critical reflection about community diakonia and advocacy in Europe. A resource group of diaconal practitioners from all three European LWF regions has worked together under the theme of “Seeking Conviviality—Re-forming Community Diakonia in Europe”. The process is being coordinated by the LWF/Department for Mission and Development-Europe Desk,. The outcomes and insights from this process so far have been captured in this report. Seeking conviviality is a © LWF/H. Putsman Penet practical guide that shares the experi- ences and practices of diakonia from the diverse European contexts and the increasing experience of change and people to take ownership of their own particularly focuses on the building of diversity within societies across Europe, community’s transformation and to inclusive communities at various levels. the report envisions European commu- live and write new life stories as active This report aims to raise the aware- nity diakonia as space for building trust members of community. ness of churches in different contexts of and living together in inclusive neighbor- This report re-affirms the church’s the issues involved in community diako- hoods; striving for solidarity and justice. diaconal call: from God and from the nia and advocacy and enables them to It also affirms the specificity of neighbor. It invites churches to rethink be better equipped. It represents an im- each member church which informs their diaconal methods in ways that ad- portant resource for enhancing learning how they understand and express Lu- dress structural inequality and injustice. among different areas of diaconal work theran identity in their diaconal calling. It encourages us to work towards long- in Europe, including the understanding It highlights participatory approaches term transformation while recognizing and practice of diaconal church and as an effective way to engage in dia- the importance of responding to the developing strategies towards meaning- conal and advocacy action. The report most immediate daily needs of people ful changes in the lives of vulnerable encourages a deeper understanding of and neighborhoods. Diakonia must be individuals and communities. the contextual social challenges faced rooted in the local levels where social, Seeking Conviviality shares practical in Europe and promotes mutual learn- political, and religious issues are most strategies as well as identifies tools that ing and commitment to one another. felt and better understood. support a holistic approach to diakonia. Seeking Conviviality calls for the In the spirit of the journey towards Drawing on European experiences, it radical reorientation of diakonia. It the celebration of the 500th anni- emphasizes “conviviality” as its key con- gives voice to people forced to live in versary of the Lutheran Reformation ceptual framework. It implies the founda- the margins of society. They become and even beyond, this report is com- tion of communities based on reciprocal leading stakeholders and actors in the mended with the hope that it inspires relationships, mutual respect for their dif- process of analyzing their situations and its readers to apply the methodologies ferences, and strength among people and identifying viable solutions. It challenges identified in their individual contexts. communities that enriches living together. the “giver and receiver approach”, both The report presents a variety of con- in terms of serving those in need and Rev. Dr. Musa Panti Filibus textual realities and good practice that sharing resources among the churches. Director, contribute to the LWF approach of mutual Therefore, the vision for diakonia is de- LWF Department for Mission and engagement in holistic mission. In view of veloped in context and aims to empower Development 2 The Lutheran World Federation Seeking Conviviality Introduction The European context Within the past 20 years, first the coun- tries of Central and Eastern Europe, and increasingly, other parts of Europe, have Vocation been confronted with drastic political and economic changes, which have af- fected millions of families in their sustain- ability. The collapse of the former cen- trally planned economies twenty years ago has cast a long shadow and the consequences are still being worked on. Seeking In particular the development
Recommended publications
  • CDDRL Number 114 WORKING PAPERS June 2009
    CDDRL Number 114 WORKING PAPERS June 2009 Youth Movements in Post- Communist Societies: A Model of Nonviolent Resistance Olena Nikolayenko Stanford University Center on Democracy, Development, and The Rule of Law Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies Additional working papers appear on CDDRL’s website: http://cddrl.stanford.edu. Center on Democracy, Development, and The Rule of Law Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies Stanford University Encina Hall Stanford, CA 94305 Phone: 650-724-7197 Fax: 650-724-2996 http://cddrl.stanford.edu/ About the Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law (CDDRL) CDDRL was founded by a generous grant from the Bill and Flora Hewlett Foundation in October in 2002 as part of the Stanford Institute for International Studies at Stanford University. The Center supports analytic studies, policy relevant research, training and outreach activities to assist developing countries in the design and implementation of policies to foster growth, democracy, and the rule of law. About the Author Olena Nikolayenko (Ph.D. Toronto) is a Visiting Postdoctoral Scholar and a recipient of the 2007-2009 post-doctoral fellowship from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. Her research interests include comparative democratization, public opinion, social movements, youth, and corruption. In her dissertation, she analyzed political support among the first post-Soviet generation grown up without any direct experience with communism in Russia and Ukraine. Her current research examines why some youth movements are more successful than others in applying methods of nonviolent resistance to mobilize the population in non-democracies. She has recently conducted fieldwork in Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Serbia, and Ukraine.
    [Show full text]
  • Brexit: the Unintended Consequences
    A SYMPOSIUM OF VIEWS Brexit: The Unintended Consequences Bold policy changes always seem to produce unintended consequences, both favorable and unfavorable. TIE asked more than thirty noted experts to share their analysis of the potential unintended consequences—financial, economic, political, or social—of a British exit from the European Union. 6 THE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY SPRING 2016 Britain has been an liberal approaches to various elements of financial market frameworks. essential part of an Yet our opinions can differ. First, we have almost completely different experiences with our countries’ fi- opinion group nancial industries during the Great Recession. The Czech financial sector served as a robust buffer, shielding us defending more from some of the worst shocks. The British have had a rather different experience with their main banks, which market-based and to some extent drives their position on risks in retail bank- ing. This difference is heightened by the difference in the liberal approaches. relative weight of financial institutions in our economies, as expressed by the size of the financial sector in relation MIROSLav SINGER to GDP. The fact that this measure is three to four times Governor, Czech National Bank larger in the United Kingdom than in the Czech Republic gives rise to different attitudes toward the risk of crisis in here is an ongoing debate about the economic mer- the financial industry and to possible crisis resolution. In its and demerits of Brexit in the United Kingdom. a nutshell, in sharp contrast to the United Kingdom, the THowever, from my point of view as a central banker Czech Republic can—if worse comes to worst—afford to from a mid-sized and very open Central European econ- close one of its major banks, guarantee its liabilities, and omy, the strictly economic arguments are in some sense take it into state hands to be recapitalized and later sold, overwhelmed by my own, often very personal experience without ruining its sovereign rating.
    [Show full text]
  • Substance Addictions
    A01_CAPU8641_03_SE_FM.indd Page 3 21/11/14 7:18 PM/201/PH01733/9780133998641_CAPUZZI/CAPUZZI_FOUNDATIONS_OF_ADDICTIONS_COUNSELING3_ user ... PREFACE Whether you are entering the field of addictions counseling or are a counselor who wants to be prepared for the screening, assessment, and treatment of addiction in your practice, this text provides a foundational basis. Foundations of Addictions Counseling addresses real-life clinical concerns while providing the necessary information to keep up to date with field trends. It also addresses the evolving standards of professional organizations, accrediting bodies, licensure boards, and graduate programs and departments. Counselors in school, mental health, rehabili- tation, hospital, private practice, and a variety of other settings must be thoroughly prepared to support clients in their quest to be healthy and unimpaired. As the addictions profession has matured, more and more emphasis has been placed on the importance of preparing counselors to work holistically and synthesize knowledge domains from mental health, developmental, and addiction perspectives. The authors provide this knowledge in support of your work on behalf of various clients and diverse communities. Counselors can expect some of their clients to want to address concerns connected with the use of substances and the development of addictive behavior. This book draws on the special- ized knowledge for each contributed chapter. It is written for use in graduate-level preparation programs for counselors. Because of the clarity of the writing and the use of case studies, it may also be adopted in some undergraduate and community college courses. Requirements of the Council for the Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) and other certification associations have led most university programs in counselor education to require an addictions course for all students, regardless of specialization (school, community, rehabilitation, couples, marriage and family, student personnel, etc.).
    [Show full text]
  • From Multidisciplinary Theory to Multimedia SEL Interventions: the Conceptual Underpinnings of Ripple Effects Whole Spectrum Intervention System
    From M ultidisciplinary Theory to M ultim edia SEL Interventions R ip p le Effects, San Fran cisco From Multidisciplinary Theory to Multimedia SEL Interventions: The Conceptual Underpinnings of Ripple Effects Whole Spectrum Intervention System Published by Ripple Effects, Inc. 33 New Montgomery, Suite 290 San Francisco, CA. 94105-4520 www.rippleeffects.com © Copyright 2009 Alice Ray and Ripple Effects. All rights reserved. Cover Design: Athena Guillory Please send any comments or questions to: [email protected]. Part of the work described in this document was conducted with financial support from U. S. Department of Education, (Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase I Contract No. RW97076120) and National Institutes of Health, National Institutes on Drug Abuse Grant (NIDA) (SBIR), Fast Track (Phase I and II) Contracts R44 DA13325- 01A1 & R44 DA013325-03. A 2006 grant to West Ed from the Lucile Packard Foundation for Children's Health, funded evaluation research on use of Ripple Effects as a universal intervention to promote resiliency. A Safe Schools/Healthy Students (SS/HS) grant awarded to Bibb County, Georgia in 2003, included evaluation of the impact of Ripple Effects as an indicated intervention in discipline settings. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be translated or reproduced in any form, except brief extracts by a reviewer for the purposes of a review, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Information has been obtained from third party sources, including government sources and peer-reviewed publications believed to be reliable, but the accuracy of that information and the opinions based on it, cannot be guaranteed.
    [Show full text]
  • Tools for Conviviality1 Ivan Illich
    Centro Latinoamericano para la Competitividad y el Desarrollo Sostenible MIT Media Lab Tools for Conviviality1 Ivan Illich 1 El objetivo de este documento es fomentar la discusión, más que ilustrar el manejo correcto o incorrecto de una situación administrativa. Fue elaborado para ser utilizado en el marco de las actividades a desarrollar en el programa INCAE Digital Nations. INCAE. Alajuela, mayo del 2002 Distribución restringida Prohibida su reproducción total o parcial. I Two Watersheds The year 1913 marks a watershed in the history of modern medicine. Around that year a patient began to have more than a fifty-fifty chance that a graduate of a medical school would provide him with a specifically effective treatment (if, of course, he was suffering from one of the standard diseases recognized by the medical science of the time). Many shamans and herb doctors familiar with local diseases and remedies and trusted by their clients had always had equal or better results. Since then medicine has gone on to define what constitutes disease and its treatment. The Westernized public learned to demand effective medical practice as defined by the progress of medical science. For the first time in history doctors could measure their efficiency against scales which they themselves had devised. This progress was due to a new perspective of the origins of some ancient scourges; water could be purified and infant mortality lowered; rat control could disarm the plague; treponemas could be made visible under the microscope and Salvarsan could eliminate them with statistically defined risks of poisoning the patient; syphilis could be avoided, or recognized and cured by rather simple procedures; diabetes could be diagnosed and self-treatment with insulin could prolong the life of the patient.
    [Show full text]
  • Russia's Hostile Measures in Europe
    Russia’s Hostile Measures in Europe Understanding the Threat Raphael S. Cohen, Andrew Radin C O R P O R A T I O N For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR1793 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-1-9774-0077-2 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2019 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface This report is the collaborative and equal effort of the coauthors, who are listed in alphabetical order. The report documents research and analysis conducted through 2017 as part of a project entitled Russia, European Security, and “Measures Short of War,” sponsored by the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff, G-3/5/7, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Dialogue in Divergence the Impact of EU Migration Policy on West African Integration: the Cases of Nigeria, Mali, and Niger
    Dialogue in Divergence The Impact of EU Migration Policy on West African Integration: The Cases of Nigeria, Mali, and Niger Rahmane Idrissa Dialogue in Divergence: The Impact of EU Migration Policy on West African Integration 2 Dialogue in Divergence: The Impact of EU Migration Policy on West African Integration Dialogue in Divergence The Impact of EU Migration Policy on West African Integration: The Cases of Nigeria, Mali, and Niger Contents Foreword 4 Introduction 5 ECOWAS 9 Mobility and development: the ECOWAS Protocol 10 From mobility to migration: the ECOWAS Common Approach 12 Nigeria 16 The political economy of migration in Nigeria: population, governance, urbanisation 17 The EU-Nigeria policy dialogue: incentivising a complex arena 19 Mali 23 Migration: a short history of the situation to date 24 The EU-Mali policy dialogue: amenable state, adverse civil society 25 Niger 29 ‘Border externalisation’: Niger as Europe’s immigration officer 30 The impact for Niger: empty rewards and hidden dangers 33 Conclusions and implications 36 On synergy: bridging incompatibilities 36 On divergent positions: structural issues and root causes 37 Recommendations 40 (1) Recommendations related to the West African Region 40 (2) Recommendations related to Nigeria 41 (3) Recommendations related to Mali 42 (4) Recommendations related to Niger 42 List of Abbreviations 44 1 Dialogue in Divergence: The Impact of EU Migration Policy on West African Integration 2 Dialogue in Divergence: The Impact of EU Migration Policy on West African Integration Executive summary This study analyses some aspects of the impact of European Union migration policies on ECOWAS, the West African regional economic integration project, and on the migration policies of three countries in the region, Nigeria, Mali, and Niger.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Changes in Electoral Systems: a Comparative Analysis of the Local Election in Ukraine in 2006 and 2010
    STUDIA VOL. 36 POLITOLOGICZNE STUDIA I ANALIZY Olena Yatsunska The impact of changes in electoral systems: a comparative analysis of the local election in Ukraine in 2006 and 2010 KEY WORDS: local government, local elections, proportional electoral system, majoritarian electoral system, mixed majoritarian-proportional electoral system, Ukraine STUDIA I ANALIZY Having gained independence in 1991 Ukraine, like most Central and East- ern European countries, faced the need for radical Constitutional reforms, with reorganization of local government figuring high in the agenda. Like other post-soviet countries, Ukraine had to decide on the starting point and like in the neighboring countries, democratic euphoria of the early 1990s got the upper hand: local authorities were elected on March 18, 1990, while the Law On Local People’s Deputies of Ukrainian SSR and Local Self-government was adopted by Verkhovna Rada of Ukrainian SSR on December 7, 1990. Ukrain- ian Researchers in the field of local government and its reforms concur with the opinion that the present dissatisfactory state of that institution was con- ditioned by the first steps made by Ukrainian Politicians at the beginning of the ‘transition’ period. Without clear perspective of reform, during more than 20 years of Independence, Ukrainian local government has abided dozens of laws, sometimes rather contradictory and has survived more than 10 stages of restructuring. Evolution of election legislation in Ukraine is demonstrated by Table 1. The table shows that since 1994 three electoral systems have been tested in Ukraine: 1, Majoritarian, 2, Proportional except elections to village and settlement councils and 3, ‘Mixed’ system (50% Majoritarian+50% Proportional).
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Consumption Transitions Series Issue 6
    In cooperation with Sustainable Consumption Transitions Series Issue 6 SCORAI Europe Workshop Proceedings Sustainable Consumption and Social Justice in a Constrained World SCORAI Europe Workshop August 29/30, 2016, Budapest, Hungary In collaboration with: Resource Cap Coalition Ombudsman for Future Generations, Hungary SCORAI Steering Committee: Julia Backhaus, Maastricht University, NL Janis Brizga, NGO Green Liberty & University of Latvia, Latvia Frances Fahy, NUI Galway, Ireland Audley Genus, Kingston University, UK Sylvia Lorek, Sustainable Europe Research Institute, Germany Henrike Rau, University of Munich, Germany Marlyne Sahakian, University of Lausanne, Switzerland Edina Vadovics, GreenDependent Institute, Hungary Workshop organizing team: Klára Hajdú, Resource Cap Coalition, Hungary Sylvia Lorek, Sustainable Europe Research Institute, Germany Barbara Muraca, Oregon State University Marlyne Sahakian, IPTEH, The University of Lausanne, Switzerland Edina Vadovics, GreenDependent Institute, Hungary Philip Vergragt, Tellus Institute & Clark University The workshop was organized with the financial assistance of the European Union within the project "Time for change: Promoting sustainable consumption and production of raw materials in the context of EYD 2015 and beyond". The contents of this event are the sole responsibility of organisers and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union. Please cite as: Lorek S., Vadovics E. (Ed.) (2016). Sustainable Consumption and Social Justice in a Constrained
    [Show full text]
  • Pora (Appellant) V the Queen (Respondent) (New Zealand)
    Hilary Term [2015] UKPC 9 Privy Council Appeal No 0081 of 2013 JUDGMENT Pora (Appellant) v The Queen (Respondent) (New Zealand) From the Court of Appeal of New Zealand before Lord Kerr Dame Sian Elias Lord Reed Lord Hughes Lord Toulson JUDGMENT DELIVERED BY LORD KERR ON 3 March 2015 Heard on 4 and 5 November 2014 Appellant Respondent Jonathan Krebs Michael Heron QC Ingrid Squire Mathew Downs Malcolm Birdling Zoe Hamill Kim McCoy (Instructed by Alan Taylor (Instructed by Crown Law and Co) Office (New Zealand) LORD KERR: 1. Susan Burdett was raped and murdered in her home in March 1992. In May 1994 the appellant was convicted of both crimes (and of aggravated burglary of Ms Burdett’s home) following a jury trial. In 1999 the New Zealand Court of Appeal quashed the convictions and ordered a re-trial. On his re-trial before Williams J and a jury in March 2000 he was again found guilty. The appellant again appealed to the Court of Appeal. That court dismissed the conviction appeal in October 2000. This appeal lies from that decision. 2. Two principal grounds of appeal are advanced on behalf of the appellant. The first is that the confessions which he made concerning his complicity in the crimes (and which the appellant asserts constituted the main evidence against him) have been shown to be unreliable. The second ground is that evidence concerning another man who was convicted of the rape of Ms Burdett should have been admitted at the appellant’s trial. This evidence, it is submitted, would have cast considerable doubt on the Crown case that the appellant had been present when Ms Burdett was raped and killed.
    [Show full text]
  • The Objectness of Everyday Life: Disburdenment Or Engagement?
    The objectness of everyday life: disburdenment or engagement? Neil Maycroft History of Art & Material Culture Lincoln School of Art & Design University of Lincoln e-mail: [email protected] This paper was originally published as `The objectness of every- day life: disburdenment or engagement?', in Geoforum, Special Section on Material Geographies, 35 (2004) 713-725, (doi:10.1016/j.geoforum2004.03.013). 1 Abstract The increasing scale of designed objects forming our artifactual environment has been often noted. However, description, interpreta- tion and analysis of this dense realm has generally proceeded through discussions of aesthetic attributes, semiotic significance and the mean- ings that such designed objects convey. This paper argues that this interpretative focus has occluded the extent to which the environment of consumer goods has been increasingly marked by the eclipse of the functional utility of such artifacts. Following the insights of Donald Norman, Albert Borgmann and Ivan Illich, three dimensions of use- value, the cognitive, the experiential and the convivial respectively, are considered. The origins of a dynamic towards the eclipse of use- value will be outlined and alternative approaches to understanding the practical significance of such designed objects will be advanced. Keywords: use-value, design, cognition, engagement, conviviality Introduction Whilst it appears a straightforward proposition to equate everyday life with material objects it remains a relatively under theorised area in many com- mentaries. For example, it is ironic given the central role that Marxism assigns to the commodity form that it should actually profess little interest in the physical qualities of objects themselves beyond asserting the contradic- tion between their use and exchange values (though see Baudrillard, 1996).
    [Show full text]
  • Consumption As a Key Concept
    1 Consumption as a Key Concept Given the flourishing literature on the subject, we might simply take it for granted that consumption is a ‘key concept’ in the social sciences. But what is a key concept, and does consumption deserve that status? The metaphor of a ‘key’ suggests a number of features. A key unlocks the way to another place, enabling us to explore new domains. A key in music is a tonal system that structures our perceptions and organizes our experience. A key is a solu- tion to a puzzle, mystery or code; with it, we can decipher the meaning of people’s words and acts. This metaphor may obscure the fact that key concepts are contested. People disagree profoundly about their defini- tion and significance. On reflection this is hardly surprising, given that reality is defined through concepts. George Orwell’s novel, 1984, offers an arresting demonstration. A language, ‘Newspeak’, is constructed to impose meanings by systemat- ically impoverishing the English vocabulary. It does so in two main ways. First, the sense of words is brazenly inverted: the Ministry of Peace wages war, the Ministry of Truth spreads propaganda, the Ministry of Plenty enforces rationing and the Ministry of Love tortures dissidents. Second, all the nuanced evaluative words in the English language are reduced to a stark contrast between ‘good’ and ‘bad’. Even that is too rich for the authorities, who cleverly replace ‘bad’ by ‘ungood’. The citizens of Oceania are left with a sixfold scale on which 2 Consumption as a Key Concept their feelings are quantified: doubleplusgood – plusgood – good – ungood – plusungood – doubleplusungood.
    [Show full text]