SZENT ISTVÁN EGYETEM Gazdálkodás És Szervezéstudományok Doktori Iskola

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SZENT ISTVÁN EGYETEM Gazdálkodás És Szervezéstudományok Doktori Iskola SZENT ISTVÁN EGYETEM Gazdálkodás és Szervezéstudományok Doktori Iskola A SZÁRAZTÉSZTÁT KÉSZÍTŐ MIKRO-, ÉS KISVÁLLALKOZÁSOK VERSENYKÉPESSÉGÉNEK ELEMZÉSE DOKTORI (PhD) ÉRTEKEZÉS FEHÉR ILONA GÖDÖLLŐ 2020 1 A doktori iskola neve: Gazdálkodás és Szervezéstudományok Doktori Iskola Tudományága: Gazdálkodás- és szervezéstudományok Vezetője: Dr. habil. Lakner Zoltán DSc Egyetemi tanár, MTA doktora, Élelmiszertudomány kandidátusa SZIE Gazdaság- és Társadalomtudományi Kar Üzleti Tudományok Intézete Témavezető: Dr. habil. Lehota József DSc Egyetemi tanár, MTA doktora Közgazdaság-tudomány kandidátusa SZIE Gazdaság- és Társadalomtudományi Kar Üzleti Tudományok Intézete ……………………………….. ………………………………… Az iskolavezető jóváhagyása A témavezető jóváhagyása 2 Tartalom 1 BEVEZETÉS ....................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 A kutatási téma jelentősége, témaválasztási motivációim ........................................ 5 1.2 A disszertációban foglalt kutatás célkitűzései és hipotézisei. ................................... 9 2 SZAKIRODALMI ÁTTEKINTÉS .................................................................................. 13 2.1 A versenyképesség fogalma ....................................................................................... 13 2.1.1 A versenyképesség alapfogalma, elméleti értelmezése és változásai ............. 13 2.1.2 Régiós versenyképességi modellek ................................................................... 17 2.1.2.1 Piramis modell ............................................................................................................18 2.1.2.2 Fa modell .....................................................................................................................18 2.1.2.3 Versenyképességi cilinder modellje ..........................................................................18 2.1.2.4 Gyémánt versenyképességi modell ...........................................................................19 2.1.2.5 A modellek összehasonlítása, a modellválasztás indoklása .....................................21 2.1.2.6 Példák Porter gyémánt modelljének alkalmazására a szakirodalomban..............21 2.2 A nemzetközi és a hazai tésztaipari szektor fejlődésének elemzése ...................... 23 2.2.1 A tésztaipari szektor eszköz- és tényező-ellátottsága ...................................... 24 2.2.1.1 Az eszközellátottság hosszú távú elemzése ...............................................................24 2.2.1.2 Az eszközellátottság jelenlegi helyzete ......................................................................25 2.2.2 A tésztaipari szektor keresleti alkupozíciója ................................................... 27 2.2.2.1 A keresleti alkupozíció hosszú távú elemzése ..........................................................27 2.2.2.2 A keresleti alkupozíció jelenlegi helyzete .................................................................30 2.2.2.3 A fogyasztói magatartás ............................................................................................33 2.2.3 A tésztaipari szektor szerkezete ....................................................................... 38 2.2.3.1 A tésztaipar szerkezetének hosszú távú elemzése ....................................................38 2.2.3.2 A mikro-, és kisvállalkozok versenyképességének stratégiája ................................39 2.2.3.3 A tésztaipari szektor kisvállalkozásainak jelenlegi helyzete ...................................42 2.2.4 A támogató, beszállító iparágak alkupozíciója ............................................... 47 2.2.4.1 A támogató és beszállító iparágak hosszú távú elemzése ........................................47 2.2.4.2 A támogató, beszállító iparágak jelenlegi hálózatosodása ......................................48 2.2.5 A vállalkozások gazdaságirányítási és szabályozási környezete .................... 49 2.2.5.1 A gazdaságirányítás hosszú távú elemzése ...............................................................49 2.2.5.2 A mikro-, és kisvállalkozások nemzetközi környezetének fejlesztése ....................49 2.2.5.3 A mikro-, és kisvállalkozások magyarországi környezetének fejlesztése ..............51 2.2.6 A véletlen események hatása a tésztaipari szektor versenyképességre ......... 53 2.2.7 A tésztaipari szektorversenyképességének összefoglalása, ............................ 54 2.2.7.1 A tésztaipari versenyképesség hosszú távú elemzésének összefoglalása ................54 2.2.7.2 Tésztaipari vállalkozások számára ajánlott termék innovációs stratégia .............57 3 ANYAG ÉS MÓDSZER ................................................................................................... 61 4 EREDMÉNYEK ................................................................................................................ 65 4.1 A hazai és a külföldi régióban készült esettanulmányok értékelése ...................... 65 4.1.1 A tényező-, és eszközellátottság ........................................................................ 68 4.1.1.1 A hazai vállalkozások bemutatása, az 1-5. számú vállalkozások ...........................68 4.1.1.2 Olasz vállalkozások bemutatása, a 6. és 7. számú vállalkozás ................................69 4.1.1.3 Románia, Erdély, vállalkozások: 8. és 9. számú ......................................................70 4.1.2 A vevők alkupozíciójának a fenyegetése .......................................................... 73 3 4.1.3 A vállalkozások stratégiája ............................................................................... 75 4.1.4 A beszállítók alkupozíciójának a fenyegetése .................................................. 79 4.1.5 A gazdaságpolitikai környezet hatása a versenyképességre .......................... 81 4.1.6 A véletlen események hatása a vállalkozások versenyképességre ................. 84 4.1.7 Az esettanulmányok összehasonlítása .............................................................. 86 4.2 A fogyasztói magatartás elemzése, a kérdőív statisztikai feldolgozása ................. 90 4.2.1 Leíró statisztikai elemzések .............................................................................. 93 4.2.2 A fogyasztói összefüggések egy változós kereszttábla elemzése ................... 103 4.2.2.1 A fogyasztói szokások elemzése a demográfiai változók összefüggésében .......... 103 4.2.2.2 A tésztatermékek tulajdonságai a demográfiai összehasonlításban ................... 105 4.2.2.3 A változók közötti szignifikancia értékelése ......................................................... 106 4.2.3 Több változó közötti kapcsolat értékelése ..................................................... 108 4.2.3.1 Klaszteranalízis a demográfiai változók függvényében ....................................... 109 4.2.3.2 A klaszterek közötti szignifikancia értékelése ...................................................... 109 4.2.3.3 Klaszteranalízis a terméktulajdonságok függvényében. ...................................... 110 4.2.4 A fogyasztói magaratás összefoglalása ........................................................... 112 4.3 A kutatási hipotézisek teljesülésének (H1-H12) összefoglaló értékelése ............. 114 5 ÚJ, ÉS ÚJSZERŰ TUDOMÁNYOS EREDMÉNYEK ................................................ 116 6 KÖVETKEZTETÉSEK, JAVASLATOK, AJÁNLÁSOK .......................................... 118 1. 4. 1. Következtetések ................................................................................................... 118 2. 4. 2. Javaslataim a kutatás hasznosítására ................................................................ 118 7 ÖSSZEFOGLALÁS ........................................................................................................ 119 8 MELLÉKLETEK ............................................................................................................ 123 8.1 Melléklet. Irodalomjegyzék .................................................................................... 123 8.2 Melléklet. Táblázatjegyzék ..................................................................................... 136 8.3 Melléklet. Ábrajegyzék ........................................................................................... 137 8.4 Melléklet. A régiós versenyképességi modellek bemutatása ................................ 139 8.5 Melléklet. Adatok a tésztaipari szektor versenyképességének elemzéséhez ....... 141 8.6 Melléklet. A magyar tésztakultúra ......................................................................... 143 8.6.1 A magyar tésztatermékek ethnokultúrális gyökerei..................................... 143 8.6.2 Melléklet. A HIR Védjegy Oklevél ................................................................. 145 8.6.3 Melléklet. Tésztaipari innováció .................................................................... 146 8.7 Melléklet. Kérdőív a fogyasztók számára .............................................................. 147 8.7.1 Melléklet. A kérdőívet kitöltők demográfiai jellemzői ................................. 150 8.7.2 Melléklet. Kérdőívek output táblái. Az SPSS 16.1 elemzések ..................... 152 8.8 Melléklet. Esettanulmányok interjú menete ......................................................... 155 9 KÖSZÖNETNYILVÁNÍTÁS ......................................................................................... 156 4 1 BEVEZETÉS 1.1 A kutatási téma jelentősége, témaválasztási motivációim Az értekezésben foglalt kutatás a száraztésztát
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