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After the Treaties: a Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739-1842
University of Southampton Research Repository Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis and, where applicable, any accompanying data are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis and the accompanying data cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content of the thesis and accompanying research data (where applicable) must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holder/s. When referring to this thesis and any accompanying data, full bibliographic details must be given, e.g. Thesis: Author (Year of Submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University Faculty or School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. University of Southampton Department of History After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739-1842 Michael Sivapragasam A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History June 2018 i ii UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY Doctor of Philosophy After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739-1842 Michael Sivapragasam This study is built on an investigation of a large number of archival sources, but in particular the Journals and Votes of the House of the Assembly of Jamaica, drawn from resources in Britain and Jamaica. Using data drawn from these primary sources, I assess how the Maroons of Jamaica forged an identity for themselves in the century under slavery following the peace treaties of 1739 and 1740. -
We Make It Easier for You to Sell
We Make it Easier For You to Sell Travel Agent Reference Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS ITEM PAGE ITEM PAGE Accommodations .................. 11-18 Hotels & Facilities .................. 11-18 Air Service – Charter & Scheduled ....... 6-7 Houses of Worship ................... .19 Animals (entry of) ..................... .1 Jamaica Tourist Board Offices . .Back Cover Apartment Accommodations ........... .19 Kingston ............................ .3 Airports............................. .1 Land, History and the People ............ .2 Attractions........................ 20-21 Latitude & Longitude.................. .25 Banking............................. .1 Major Cities......................... 3-5 Car Rental Companies ................. .8 Map............................. 12-13 Charter Air Service ................... 6-7 Marriage, General Information .......... .19 Churches .......................... .19 Medical Facilities ..................... .1 Climate ............................. .1 Meet The People...................... .1 Clothing ............................ .1 Mileage Chart ....................... .25 Communications...................... .1 Montego Bay......................... .3 Computer Access Code ................ 6 Montego Bay Convention Center . .5 Credit Cards ......................... .1 Museums .......................... .24 Cruise Ships ......................... .7 National Symbols .................... .18 Currency............................ .1 Negril .............................. .5 Customs ............................ .1 Ocho -
Black River United
Black River United how football frames the relationship between younger and older men in a rural Jamaican community William Tantam Department of Anthropology, Goldsmiths, University of London Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Declaration FOR GOLDSMITHS THESES A printed copy of your thesis will be deposited in Goldsmiths Library. Bibliographic details and a digital copy of your thesis will be deposited in Goldsmiths’ institutional repository Goldsmiths Research Online, hereafter referred to as “GRO”, for the purpose of preservation.1 Bibliographic details will also be deposited in the British Library’s Electronic Theses On-line System (EThOS).2 Every completing PhD student owns the copyright in his or her thesis. This ownership lasts indefinitely unless the student assigns copyright elsewhere. It is therefore for students to decide whether or not they wish to publish their theses, and in what form. Goldsmiths encourages candidates to allow for online availability of their thesis to ensure maximum visibility. However, there may be circumstances in which it is necessary to restrict access to theses on a temporary basis, for instance for reasons of commercial confidentiality or conditions imposed by sponsors. You should consult the Graduate School, read section 6.6 Thesis Access in your Research Handbook, and talk to your supervisors before opting to restrict access to your thesis for a limited period. Goldsmiths regulations make provision for restriction of access to an MPhil/PhD thesis and/or the abstract for a maximum of 36 months. If an embargo of 36 months is agreed the thesis will automatically go live after the specified time period has expired. -
"Free Negroes" - the Development of Early English Jamaica and the Birth of Jamaican Maroon Consciousness, 1655-1670
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University History Theses Department of History 12-16-2015 "Free Negroes" - The Development of Early English Jamaica and the Birth of Jamaican Maroon Consciousness, 1655-1670 Patrick John Nichols Georgia State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses Recommended Citation Nichols, Patrick John, ""Free Negroes" - The Development of Early English Jamaica and the Birth of Jamaican Maroon Consciousness, 1655-1670." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2015. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses/100 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “FREE NEGROES” – THE DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY ENGLISH JAMAICA AND THE BIRTH OF JAMAICAN MAROON CONSCIOUSNESS, 1655-1670 by PATRICK JOHN NICHOLS Under the Direction of Harcourt Fuller, PhD ABSTRACT The English conquest of Jamaica in 1655 was a turning point in the history of Atlantic World colonialism. Conquest displaced the Spanish colony and its subjects, some of who fled into the mountainous interior of Jamaica and assumed lives in isolation. This project reconstructs the historical experiences of the “negro” populations of Spanish and English Jamaica, which included its “free black”, “mulattoes”, indigenous peoples, and others, and examines how English cosmopolitanism and distinct interactions laid the groundwork for and informed the syncretic identities and communities that emerged decades later. Upon the framework of English conquest within the West Indies, I explore the experiences of one such settlement alongside the early English colony of Jamaica to understand how a formal relationship materialized between the entities and how its course inflected the distinct socio-political identity and emergent political agency embodied by the Jamaican Maroons. -
The Effects of Urbanization on Natural Resources in Jamaica
Doneika Simms. The Effects of Urbanization on Natural Resources in Jamaica . 44th ISOCARP Congress 2008 THE EFFECTS OF URBANIZATION ON NATURAL RESOURCES IN JAMAICA BACKGROUND OF STUDY AREA Jamaica is the third largest island in the Caribbean, comprising of approximately 4,400 sq. miles or 10,991 square kilometers in area. Over two-thirds of the country’s land resources consist of a central range of hills and mountains, with the Blue Mountain Range being the most significant, ranging over 6000 ft. in height (GOJ, 1994; Clarke, 2006). This means that urban development in areas such as the capital city of Kingston and other principal towns such as Montego Bay and Ocho Rios is limited to the relatively small amount of flat lands most of which has a coastal location (see figure 1). Figure 1 Showing a Map of Jamaica and the Various Cities along the Coast Source: http://www.sangstersrealty.com/jamaica_map.htm Although a significant portion of the terrain is mountainous, in several places the coastal plain extends to form broad embayments. Among these, a dry embankment on the south side of the island known as the Liguanea Plain has been occupied by the city of Kingston. The built-up area of the city spreads over 50 sq. miles and comprises the parish of Kingston and the suburban section of St. Andrew. The city is located on the eastern side of the island which is sheltered from the north-east trade winds by the Blue Mountains, hence being ideal for the major seaport of the country- the Kingston Harbour (Clarke, 2006). -
S a M P L E Mexico
Our S a m p l e Mexico Honeymoon MayMay 28,28, 20112011 The Honeymooners Gordie S a m p l e Jessica DESTINATION GUIDE JAMAICA From the rugged peaks of the Blue Mountains to calm, pristine beaches surrounded by natural beauty, Jamaican residents serve an unforgettable warmth to its visitors. This large island in the western Caribbean, 95 miles south of Cuba, was discovered by Columbus in 1494 and achieved its independence in 1962. Jamaica's pleasures and easy access have given rise to many different types of properties, which range from luxurious, chic hideaways and fully staffed private villas - some of them perched on seaside cliffs, to popular all-inclusives and charming inns and guest houses. The island has many natural resources that provide endless ways to have fun. You can climb waterfalls, golf, or tour via bicycle, moped, motorcycle or jeep. Horseback riding along a beach or in the jungle. Horse racing is another fun option at Caymanas Park in Kingston. Another adventure that most hotels offer is a full or half-day of deep sea fishing that include boat, captain, crew and equipment. Annual Junkanoo Celebrations Jeep andS hikinga mtours ofp the Bluel e Mountains include visits (Christmas, Boxing Day and New Years) to rum factories and renowned coffee farms. You can experience exotic marine life, fans, sponges, and under- water walls with a dive package. Most hotels provide Blue Mountains Hiking Trails licensed diving operators that offer rental equipment and Dunn's River Falls instruction. Jamaica also has 120 rivers to enjoy. The Rio Grande in Horseback riding in Ocho Rios Port Antonio, is the birthplace of bamboo rafting. -
Rural Enterprise Development Initiative – Tourism Sector July 14, 2009
Jamaica Social Investment Fund Rural Enterprise Development Initiative – Tourism Sector July 14, 2009 Jamaica Social Investment Fund Rural Enterprise Development Initiative – Tourism Sector Rural Enterprise Development Initiative – Tourism Sector July 14, 2009 © PA Knowledge Limited 2009 PA Consulting Group 4601 N. Fairfax Drive Prepared by: Suite 600 Arlington, VA 22203 Tel: +1-571-227-9000 Fax: +1-571-227-9001 www.paconsulting.com Version: 1.0 Jamaica Social Investment Fund 7/14/09 FOREWORD This report is the compilation of deliverables under the Jamaica Social Investment Fund (JSIF) contract with PA Consulting Group (PA) to provide input in the design of the tourism sector elements of the Second National Community Development Project (NCDP2). Rural poverty is a major challenge for Jamaica, with the rural poverty rate twice the level of the urban areas. There is large potential for rural development, especially through closer linkages with the large and expanding tourism sector which offers numerous opportunities that are yet to be tapped. Improvements in productivity and competitiveness are key to realizing the potential synergies between tourism and small farmer agriculture. The objective of the proposed NCDP2 is to increase income and jobs in poor communities in targeted rural areas. Because of the focus on productive, income generating initiatives, the NCDP 2 project was named Rural Enterprise Development Initiative (REDI). The project l builds on the success of the community-based development approach utilized under NCDP1. The focus of income generation interventions will be supported by rural-based tourism development, agricultural technology improvements in small and medium farms, and the linkages between agriculture and tourism. -
Jamaica Ecoregional Planning Project Jamaica Freshwater Assessment
Jamaica Ecoregional Planning Project Jamaica Freshwater Assessment Essential areas and strategies for conserving Jamaica’s freshwater biodiversity. Kimberly John Freshwater Conservation Specialist The Nature Conservancy Jamaica Programme June 2006 i Table of Contents Page Table of Contents ……………………………………………………………..... i List of Maps ………………………………………………………………. ii List of Tables ………………………………………………………………. ii List of Figures ………………………………………………………………. iii List of Boxes ………………………………………………………………. iii Glossary ………………………………………………………………. iii Acknowledgements ………………………………………………………………. v Executive Summary ……………………………………………………………… vi 1. Introduction and Overview …………………………………………………………..... 1 1.1 Planning Objectives……………………………………... 1 1.2 Planning Context………………………………………... 2 1.2.1 Biophysical context……………………………….. 2 1.2.2 Socio-economic context…………………………... 5 1.3 Planning team…………………………………………… 7 2. Technical Approach ………………………………………………………………….…. 9 2.1 Information Gathering…………………………………... 9 2.2 Freshwater Classification Framework…………………... 10 2.3 Freshwater conservation targets………………………… 13 2.4 Freshwater conservation goals………………………….. 15 2.5 Threats and Opportunities Assessment…………………. 16 2.6 Ecological Integrity Assessment……………………... 19 2.7 Protected Area Gap Assessment………………………… 22 2.8 Freshwater Conservation Portfolio development……….. 24 2.9 Freshwater Conservation Strategies development…….. 30 2.10 Data and Process gaps…………………………………. 31 3. Vision for freshwater biodive rsity conservation …………………………………...…. 33 3.1 Conservation Areas ………………………………….. -
MONTEGO Identified
Things To Know Before You Go JAMAICA DO’S: At the airport: Use authorised pick up points for rented cars, taxis and buses. Use authorised transportation services and representatives. Transportation providers licensed by the Jamaica Tourist Board (JTB) bear a JTB sticker on the wind- screen. If you rent a car: Use car rental companies licensed by the Jamaica Tourist Board. Get directions before leaving the airport and rely on your map during your journey. Lock your car doors. Go to a service station or other well-lit public place if, while driving at night, you become lost or require as- sistance. Check your vehicle before heading out on the road each day. If problems develop, stop at the nearest service station and call to advise your car rental company. They will be happy to assist you. On the road: Remember to drive on the left. Observe posted speed limits and traffic signs. Use your seat belts. Always use your horn when approaching a blind corner on our nar- row and winding country roads. Try to travel with a group at night. While shopping: Carry your wallet discreetly. Use credit cards or traveller’s cheques for major purchases, if possible. In your hotel: Store valuables in a safety deposit box. Report suspicious-looking persons or activity to the front desk per- sonnel. Always lock your doors securely. DONT’S: At the airport: Do not Pack valuables (cash, jewellery, etc.) in 6 1 0 2 your luggage. Leave baggage unattended. If you rent a car: Do not Leave your engine running unattended. -
Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands Black River Lower Morass
INFORMATION SHEET ON RAMSAR WETLANDS BLACK RIVER LOWER MORASS 1. COUNTRY Jamaica 2. DATE September 9, 1997 3. REFERENCE 6JM001 4. CONTACT Executive Director Natural Resources Conservation Authority 53 ½ Molynes Road Kingston 10 Jamaica 5. NAME Black River Lower Morass 6. DATE OF RAMSAR DESIGNATION 07-10-1997 7. COORDINATES 18 degrees 4 minutes north, 77 degrees 48 minutes west. Jamaica metric grid 10/162/153 to nearest 100 metres 8. LOCATION South-western region of Jamaica, bounded on the west and on the north by major roads linking the towns of Black River and Middle Quartes and Lacovia, on the east by Santa Cruz Mountains and on the south by the coast. Nearest town: Black River. 9. AREA Approximately 5700 hectares 10. WETLAND TYPE Marine and Coastal Wetlands Type 9 Intertidal forested wetlands (mangrove swamps) Inland Wetlands Type 1 Permanent rivers and streams Type 11 Freshwater swamp forest Type 12 Peatlands 11. ELEVATION 0-15 metres above sea level 12. OVERVIEW The Black River Lower Morass is the largest freshwater wetland ecosystem in Jamaica and the Caribbean. It is a biologically diverse and extremely complex natural wetland ecosystem that supports a large number of plants, animals and natural communities. 13. PHYSICAL FEATURES The Black River Lower Morass lies on the coastal flood plain. It is situated around the lower reaches of the Black River and receives flow from a number of tributaries and upwellings. It consists of low marshland with limestone islands, which support human habitation, grazing of livestock and cultivation. The morass is surrounded by Tertiary White Limestone Formation in the north and east and uplands to the north west. -
Guide Welcome Irie Isle
GUIDE WELCOME IRIE ISLE Seven Mile Beach Seven Mile Beach KNOWN FOR ITS STUNNING BEAUTY, Did you know? The traditional cooking technique FRIENDLY PEOPLE, LAND OF WOOD AND WATER known as jerk is said to have been invented by the island’s Maroons, VIBRANT CULTURE or runaway slaves. AND RICH HISTORY, Jamaica is a destination so dynamic and multifaceted you could visit hundreds of Negril, Frenchman’s Cove in Portland, Treasure Beach on the South Coast or the times and have a unique experience every single time. unique Dunn’s River Falls and Beach in Ocho Rios, there’s a beach for everyone. THERE’S NO BETTER Home of the legendary Bob Marley, arguably reggae’s most iconic and globally But if lounging on the sand all day is not your style, a visit to Jamaica may be recognised face, the island’s most popular musical export is an eclectic mix of just what the doctor ordered. With hundreds of fitness facilities and countless WORD TO DESCRIBE infectious beats and enchanting — and sometimes scathing — lyrics that can be running and exercise groups, the global thrust towards health and wellness has THE JAMAICAN heard throughout the island. The music is also celebrated through annual festivals spawned annual events such as the Reggae Marathon and the Kingston City such as Reggae Sumfest and Rebel Salute, where you could also indulge in Run. The get-fit movement has also influenced the creation of several health and EXPERIENCE Jamaica’s renowned culinary treats. wellness bars, as well as spa, fitness and yoga retreats at upscale resorts. -
List of Rivers of Jamaica
Sl. No River Name Draining Into 1 South Negril River North Coast 2 Unnamed North Coast 3 Middle River North Coast 4 Unnamed North Coast 5 Unnamed North Coast 6 North Negril River North Coast 7 Orange River North Coast 8 Unnamed North Coast 9 New Found River North Coast 10 Cave River North Coast 11 Fish River North Coast 12 Green Island River North Coast 13 Lucea West River North Coast 14 Lucea East River North Coast 15 Flint River North Coast 16 Great River North Coast 17 Montego River North Coast 18 Martha Brae River North Coast 19 Rio Bueno North Coast 20 Cave River (underground connection) North Coast 21 Roaring River North Coast 22 Llandovery River North Coast 23 Dunn River North Coast 24 White River North Coast 25 Rio Nuevo North Coast 26 Oracabessa River North Coast 27 Port Maria River North Coast 28 Pagee North Coast 29 Wag Water River (Agua Alta) North Coast 30 Flint River North Coast 31 Annotto River North Coast 32 Dry River North Coast 33 Buff Bay River North Coast 34 Spanish River North Coast 35 Swift River North Coast 36 Rio Grande North Coast 37 Black River North Coast 38 Stony River North Coast 39 Guava River North Coast 40 Plantain Garden River North Coast 41 New Savannah River South Coast 42 Cabarita River South Coast 43 Thicket River South Coast 44 Morgans River South Coast 45 Sweet River South Coast 46 Black River South Coast 47 Broad River South Coast 48 Y.S. River South Coast 49 Smith River South Coast www.downloadexcelfiles.com 50 One Eye River (underground connection) South Coast 51 Hectors River (underground connection)