Bridges & More 1. Renaissance Pittsburgh “In postindustrial Pittsburgh, smoke did Hotel not get in our eyes, but an abundance of 2. Byham Theater Walking Tour 11 stunning architecture did. The density of 3. Roberto Clemente, 13 10 fine buildings—many by celebrated Andy Warhol, and 3 Rachel Carson Bridges designers, many not––could be tops N 4. Allegheny River 12 in the nation.” 14 5. Fort Duquesne Bridge 9 3 15 ––Arnold Berke, Executive Editor 6. Heinz Field 8 “Preservation” (January/February 2007) 8 7. PNC Park 7 3 8. Roberto Clemente and Willie Stargell statues 2 Visit www.phlf.org for a full list of tours. 1 9. Allegheny Landing 4 10. Alcoa Corporate Center FREE TOURS 11. Andy Warhol Museum Old Allegheny County Jail Museum 12. Downtown Pittsburgh Open Mondays through October (11:30 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.) Skyscrapers (view) 6 5 13. David L. Lawrence Convention Center Downtown Walking Tours 14. Pittsburgh CAPA Every Friday, May through September (Noon to 1:00 p.m.) (Creative and Performing July: Penn-Liberty Cultural District Arts) High School August: Fourth Avenue & PPG Place 15. Allegheny Riverfront June Fridays at Noon Park September: Fifth & Forbes Avenues Oakland Civic Center Walking Tours David L. Lawrence (1889-1966) was the Democratic 15 Allegheny Riverfront Park Every Wednesday in June (Noon to 1:00 p.m.) Meeting Location Mayor of Pittsburgh who joined forces with Republican Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates (New York), financier Richard King Mellon between 1946 and 1959 landscape architects, with artists Ann Hamilton and 107 Sixth Street, in front of the SPECIAL ONE-TIME EVENTS (not free) to engineer Pittsburgh’s first Renaissance. During that Michael Mercil; 1998 and 2001 Renaissance Pittsburgh Hotel time, smoke-control and water purification laws were The park consists of two separate strips of land, on July 12: West Overton Museums (Bus Tour) enforced, and massive clearances resulted in the creation two different levels, connected by ramps and steps: Sept. 7: Scottish Glass in Pittsburgh (Lecture and Tour) of Point State Park and in the redevelopment (unsuccess- one pathway is close to the water’s edge and the other Sept. 21: Four Oakland Landmarks (Walking Tour) fully) of portions of the Hill District, North Side, and borders Fort Duquesne Boulevard. When the Pittsburgh East Liberty. Cultural Trust commissioned Allegheny Riverfront Park, For details or to make reservations the nonprofit organization helped realize a riverfront 412-471-5808, ext. 527 14 Pittsburgh CAPA (Creative park system originally conceived for Pittsburgh in 1911 and Performing Arts) High School by Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. [email protected] MacLachlan, Cornelius & Filoni, architects; 2003 Funding for Landmarks’ tour program is provided by the Alfred M. One of ten City of Pittsburgh High Schools, CAPA is a state-of-the-art facility built largely through the Oppenheimer Memorial Fund of The Pittsburgh Foundation. We welcome your comments or questions: generosity of The Bitz Foundation. The design of the new building plays off the design of the adjacent historic Call 412-471-5808, ext. 527. structure of 1915 by Pittsburgh architect Charles Bickel. For more information on local buildings, bridges, Classrooms flow from one building to the other. A www.phlf.org Join us for a FREE four-story exterior JumboTron on the Fort Duquesne and architects, purchase one of our books. one-hour walking tour, Boulevard façade showcases student artwork. Call 412-471-5808, ext. 525 for a listing of titles © 2008 and prices, or visit our Web site: www.phlf.org Pittsburgh History & Landmarks Foundation compliments of the 100 West Station Square Drive, Suite 450 Pittsburgh History & Pittsburgh, PA 15219-1134 Landmarks Foundation BRIDGES & MORE 1 Renaissance Pittsburgh Hotel 4 Allegheny River Stargell’s quote inscribed in the base: “Last night, coming in Grosvenor Atterbury (New York), architect; 1906 from the airport, we came through the tunnel and the city WALKING TOUR Remodeled, 2001 Formed in its present course more than 12,000 years ago as opened up its arms and I felt at home.” Sage Hospitality Resources of Denver used federal Historic a result of glacial action, the Allegheny River begins near Coudersport, Potter County, in northwestern Pennsylvania, A bridge is said to represent the drama in building Rehabilitation Tax Credits to transform the Fulton Building, 9 Allegheny Landing originally commissioned by Pittsburgh entrepreneur Henry then flows north into New York and then south to Pittsburgh, City of Pittsburgh, 1984 construction. There is something intensely dramatic where it meets the Monongahela River at the Point to form the Phipps, into the four-star Renaissance Pittsburgh Hotel. Some This sculpture park includes “The Builders,” by George Ohio River, which flows into the Mississippi. The 385-mile- and fanciful in the appeal of the bridge to all classes quick facts: The exterior light well, a nine-story arched opening, Danhires; “The Forks,” by Isaac Witkin; “Piazza Lavoro” long Allegheny River dumps two billion gallons of water into of people, under all conditions of nature. All traffic was designed to allow the cool air from the Allegheny River to and “Mythic Source,” by Ned Smyth; and “Pittsburgh cool the building by pushing the hot air up. Forty thousand the Ohio every day, versus the Monongahela’s 755 million. converges and concentrates on the bridges. They Variations,” by George Sugarman. Allegheny Landing takes pounds of baking soda was used to clean the copper cladding its name from the place where a ferry once operated by 1800 become a daily necessity and a familiar benefactor, on the light well, making it the largest copper restoration project 5 Fort Duquesne Bridge between Allegheny Town and Pittsburgh. Allegheny Landing on the East Coast since the Statue of Liberty restoration in Richardson Gordon & Associates, architects; 1963 giving convenient passage over some natural obstruction. (Completed in 1969) is part of Three Rivers Park and a riverfront trail that extends 1986. Three hundred pounds of coal dust was removed from from the West End Bridge to Washington’s Landing. When the highway leaves its natural bed and soars the exterior surface of the skylight, making the lobby space For six years this was the “Bridge to Nowhere,” because it was through the air on thin and film-like construction, to within one of Pittsburgh’s most spectacular. left unfinished. When the main span was completed in 1963, one end of the bridge was left hanging in midair until a site for 10 Alcoa Corporate Center convey the people, the trains, the street cars and all the The Design Alliance with Agus Rusli, architects; 1998 2 Byham Theater the north-shore connecting ramp was selected. The tied-arch traffic in safety across a wide river or deep valley and Dodge & Morrison (New York), architects; 1904 bridge was named for the French fort which occupied the Behind this wave-like form of aluminum and glass is an Point from 1754 to 1758. The Fort Pitt Bridge, crossing the open-office environment, with no work station more than when we look over the railing of the bridge into the dark Following its Halloween-night opening in 1904, the Gayety Monongahela, recalls the name of the British fort that was built 45 feet from the 11-foot-high windows. Although Alcoa Theater, as it was originally called, was one of the country’s flowing water or the ground many hundreds of feet below, on the ruins of Fort Duquesne. The British occupied Fort Pitt has moved its headquarters to New York City, about 2,000 foremost stage and vaudeville houses. Ethel Barrymore, until 1772. people work here and in the adjacent Alcoa Business Services we are all deeply stirred in our emotions. Gertrude Lawrence, and Helen Hayes performed there. The Center, designed by Pfaffmann & Associates and completed Pittsburgh Cultural Trust purchased the theater in 1990, This accomplishment of man’s handiwork is one of the in 2002. restored it, and renamed it in 1995. On the Allegheny-River 6 Heinz Field HOK Sport (Kansas City, MO), architects; 2001 most dramatic things in modern life. The bridges are a side of the building is Richard Haas’ trompe-l’oeil mural very vital part of the life of the community. It would be showing the Bessemer steel-making process. This football stadium is the home field of both the Pittsburgh 11 Andy Warhol Museum Steelers and the Pittsburgh Panthers (University of Pittsburgh). William G. Wilkins Co. (?), architect; c. 1913 impossible to get along without them. 3 Roberto Clemente Bridge (Sixth Street) The Andy Warhol Museum is one of the four Carnegie 7 PNC Park Museums of Pittsburgh. Originally used as a warehouse —”The City of Bridges: Pittsburgh,” Stanley L. Roush Andy Warhol Bridge (Seventh Street) and Edward B. Lee, The Charette (March 1925); HOK Sport (Kansas City, MO), with L. D. Astorino, for the Frick & Lindsay machinery company, the historic Rachel Carson Bridge (Ninth Street) architects; 2001 reprinted in Walter C. Kidney’s Pittsburgh’s Bridges: landmark now houses an extensive permanent collection Architecture and Engineering (PHLF, 1999) Allegheny County Department of Public Works, engineers; PNC Park is a classic-style baseball stadium, designed to of art and archives from Pittsburgh native Andy Warhol, Stanley L. Roush, architect; 1926-28 fit in with the existing street grid and to provide terrific views one of the most influential artists of the 20th century. Originally named for the streets to which they connected–– of the downtown skyline. Before the stadium was built, an According to Bob Regan’s book, The Bridges of Sixth, Seventh, and Ninth––these identical self-anchored archaeological dig was conducted on the site. Pots, pans, 12 Downtown Pittsburgh Skyscrapers (view) Pittsburgh (2006), Pittsburgh has more bridges than any suspension bridges were long referred to as the “Three dinner plates, a book, and other artifacts were unearthed U.S. Steel Tower (Harrison & Abramovitz [New York], other city in the world: 446 to be exact. Pittsburgh’s first Sisters.” Recently, they were renamed to honor baseball from the 1830s home of William Robinson, Jr., who was the legend Roberto Clemente (1934-1972), who played for the first mayor of Allegheny City. Allegheny was the third largest architects, 1971) is Pittsburgh’s tallest skyscraper at 841 feet. river bridge was built over the Monongahela in 1818 (at Pittsburgh Pirates from 1955 to 1972; Pittsburgh-born pop city in Pennsylvania at the time of its forced annexation to The exposed frame of Cor-Ten weathering steel advertises a the site of the present Smithfield Street Bridge). Our artist Andy Warhol (1928-1987); and scientist and author Pittsburgh in 1907. Then it became the “North Side.” company product, but the skyscraper now bears the UPMC newest is the Veterans’ Bridge of 1987 over the Rachel Carson (1907-1964), who was born in Springdale, logo. Also notice the limestone ziggurat top of the Art Deco Gulf Tower (Trowbridge & Livingston [New York], archi- Allegheny River, although the Mon Conn (1904)/Hot about 15 miles up the Allegheny from the Point. 8 Roberto Clemente statue An aside worth noting: German immigrant John Augustus tects, 1932) and the Art Deco Koppers Building (Graham, Metal Bridge (1900) is the newest route over a river, Willie Stargell statue Anderson, Probst & White [Chicago], 1929), with its crowning Roebling (1806-1869) began his bridge-building career in Susan Wagner, sculptor; 1994 and 2001, respectively with the former railroad bridges converted to carry Pittsburgh, although he achieved his greatest fame as the designer chateau roof of copper. All three buildings are on Grant Street. The Pittsburgh Pirates commissioned this 12-foot-bronze statue of New York’s Brooklyn Bridge. After founding Saxonburg vehicular traffic in 2000 and pedestrian traffic in of right-fielder Roberto Clemente. Soil from Clemente’s native (north of Pittsburgh), Roebling devised a method of manufac- 13 David L. Lawrence Convention Center 2007 over the Monongahela. Puerto Rico and from the two Pittsburgh stadiums where he turing wire cable and applied it first, in 1844, to an aqueduct Rafael Viñoly Architects (New York), architects; 2003 played––Forbes Field and Three Rivers Stadium––is placed On this tour we’ll cross two Allegheny River bridges, across the Allegheny for the Pennsylvania Canal (about where Cantilevered over the Allegheny River, the Convention Center under the markers for first, second, and third bases. Facts and point out other notable bridges and significant archi- the Fort Wayne Bridge is); then, in 1846, to the second is the world’s first certified “green” convention center, with about Clemente are inscribed around the base of the statue. Smithfield Street Bridge over the Monongahela; and finally, natural ventilation, recycled and low-emissions materials, tectural landmarks in downtown Pittsburgh and on the Left-fielder and first baseman Willie Stargell (1940-2001) in 1859, to the second Sixth Street Bridge over the Allegheny. water reuse systems, and roof skylights. The slope of the North Side, the independent City of Allegheny until 1907. played for the Pirates from 1962 to 1982 and was known for roof plays off the sloping catenaries of the three identical his “monstrous” home runs. He had 475 career homers, and self-anchored suspension bridges. hit three in the Pirates’ 1979 World Series victory. Notice