SURVEY OF RARE AND POORLY KNOWN EUCALYPTS OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA
FIELD &UIDE lo. 5 FORESTS AND METROPOLITAN REGIONS
IV ANNA NAPIER, ANNE TAYLOR AND STEPHEN HOPPER SURVEY OF RARE AND POORLY KNbWN EUCALYPTS OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA
FJELD GUIDE No. 5 FORESTS AND METROPOLITAN REGIONS
BY
ANNA NAPIER, ANNE TAYLOR AND STEPHEN HOPPER
WESTERN AUSTRALIAN WILDLIFE RESEARCH CENTRE, p.Q. Box 51, WANNEROO, W-A- 6065
LINE DRAWINGS BY SUSAN PATRICK
WESTERN AUSTRALIAN DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION AND LAND MANAGEMENT
1988 CONTENTS Page Introduction 1
Characters Useful in Identifying Eucalypts (Figure 4) 9
Glossary of Terms Used 11
Leaf, Bud and Fruit Shapes (Figure 5) 13
Spec~es' Descriptions Eucalyptus 'argutiTolia' 15 E. ' _aspersa' 17 E. brevistylis 19 E. calcicola 21 E. exilis 23 E. ficifolia 25 E. t"oecunda 27 E. guilfoylei 29 E. jacksonii 31 E. lane-poolei 33 E. aff. lane-poolei 35 E. 'latens' 37 E. 'petrensis' 39 E. 'phy' aff. dccipiens 41 E. 'rivalis' 43 E. aff. ruc:is 45 E. rudis ssp. "Dunsborough" 47 E. sargentii 49
References 51 INTROD '.: ::TION
This .:..~terim field guide has been produced to assist contrit~tors to the "Survey of Rare and Poorly Known Eucaly~cs of W.A." to identify the species of interest. As the list of such species is large, it has been subdivided into d~fferent State regions. This booklet covers the Forests and Metropolitan Regions, as defined by the Western Austra:..:..an Department of Conservation and Land Management (see Fiq. 1). Other booklets cover. other C.A.L.M. regions.
Figure l
CALM ,i,fCIO~I IH THl .OUTHWllT
~ Ml r,,Oh.Al IH)U,.,OAMY __
Eucalypts have been the subject of recent name changes and taxonomic research. ~his field guide is the most up-to-date reference a v ailable for rare and poorly known eucalypts of the Regio~, including new species and subspecies whose names have not yet been published. For information on such taxa, we have ::-elied heavi:.y on the unpublished "Field Guide to Eucalypts Vol. 2" by M.I.H. B~ooker and D. Kleinig. We are indebted to the au:hors for allowing access to their manuscrii:;t. We have also drawn heavily on the unpublish·ed research results of !an Brooker, Lawrie J6hnson, Ken Hill, Don Blaxell and Stepr.en Hopper to whom we are grateful for assistance. Because of the active phase of research occurrin<; on eucalypts, this field guide is very much an interim report. Undoubtedly, new taxa warranting inclusion in the study will be discovered during the course of the survey.
Common eucalypts of the South Coast Region can best be identified using Gardner's "Eucalypts of Western Australia" and Blackall and Grieve' s "How to Know Western Australian Wildflowers, Part IIIA".
Funding for this field guide and the Rare and Poorly Known Eucalypt Survey has been provided by the Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service and the Western Australian Department of Conservation and Land Management. We are grateful to the Curator, Western Australian Herbarium, for providing access to specimens and to Pa.ul Gioia of the Western Australian Wildlife Research Centre for FLORAPLOT computer mapping.
Species' Description and Illustrations
The species are listed in alphabetical order. Unpublished taxa of L. Johnson and K. Hill are given a three letter code :: and referred to as aff. (with affinity to their nearest named relative). Unpublished taxa of Brooker and Hopper are given as manuscript names enclosed in parentheses. For each species (or subspecies), the main identifying features of the plant are. indicated on the drawings. Other features, . including those which can only be seen in the field are included under "Additional Field Characteristics". If there are similar eucalypts with which the species in question can be confused, these are indicated and their distinguishing features highlighted. In cases where a similar species is common and is thus not included in the field guide, full details of the comparison are given. If a similar species is rare, and is included in the field guide, only a brief comparison is provided. Further details can be found on the relevant page for that species.
2 All illustrations ha·:e been drawn using material from the 1-i .A. Herbarium or f:::8~ othe::- collections. As it is not possible to show the slight variations of ornamentation which may occur within a species, the most representative specimens have been d:::awn.
Location Maps
The location maps ~ave been produced from records of specimens lodged at ::.he Western Australian Herbariwn, from personal records of ~.I.H. Brooker and S.D. Hopper and from information supplied by various wildlife officers and individuals as recorc!ed on the Department of Conservation and Land Management species files. The maps have been compiled on the FLCKAPLOT Computer System at the W.A. Wildlife Research Cen::.re.
The maps of species' :.ocation are given as a general guide and should not be re~arded as covering the entire range of the species.It is hoped that the present survey will either extend the known ranse or verify the restricted occurrence of certain species. It is also possible that some previously recorded ?Opulations or individuals may have disappeared as a re~·~lt of agricultural clearing, or road widening, or other fa~tors.
Collecting Specimens
Since eucalypts can be difficult to identify and also since we are only looking a::. rare and poorly known taxa for which confirmed identification is essential, we will be relying greatly on voucher specimens to confirm certain records.
A properly collected, well pressed · and labelled specimen will be required in each of the following circwnstances:
For each 'new' species· or subspecies recorded by a person e.g. wher. John Smith · records E. calcicota for the first time, a voucher specimen is needed. 3 For any species or subspecies located a significant distance from its nea:::-est known location (consult the map scale each time as most maps are at different scales). "Significant" may be a few kilometres for an extremely localised species (e.g. E. 'aPgutifolia '), further for more widespread species.
Whenever you are unsure of an identification.
The follo'wing guidelines suggt.'!st techniques for collecting and processing specimens so that they re.main in a well preserved, identifiable state.
1. Do you have a collectors permit? This is needed before collecting specimens from publicly owned land. It can be obtained from the Senior Clerk Flora, Department of Conservation and Land Management, 50 Hayman Road, Como. On privately owned land, you should always seek the owners permission. Special Ministerial permits are ·required to collect Declared rare flora (see Table l). These may also be applied for from the Senior Clerk Flora, Dept. of Conservation and Land Management, 50 Hayman Rd, Como, W.A.
f. beard,:a,ia f. BtBBdmc:r:ii E. beririett,:ae .f. sub•r•a E. br•v,:p•s E. syriandra subsp. (wheat.belt) E. b'4rd•ttiaric . . Sp . 'olivacea' E. ceracea - . sp. 1 la tens 1 E. cerasiformis sp. 'pruiniramis' E. corona ta -. sp. 'bla' E. cr~cis subsp. crwci6 L sp. 'crispata' E. Mrectifolia £ . sp. 'phy' E. irisular,:s E. sp. 'pla' E, johrisoriiana E. sp. 'balanites' E. later,:ti:ca f. sp. 'absita' E. merrickiae E. Sp. 'cuprea' E. mooreana [ . sp. 'argutifolia' [, rhodari tlia E. sp. 'leprophloi11'
Table 1. Declared Rare Eucalypts of W.A. 2. Collecting and Pressing
We recommend that you label each specimen collected with a unique r.urnber and your initials. For example, John D. Smith's collection of two eucalypt species at the first site he collects would be labelled JDSl and JDS2. The same nwnber should also be written in your field note book and on the relevant Sight Record Sheet, thus allowing future matching of specimens with recorded information. We also recommend that you collect in duplicate for each of your unique numbers. That is, enough material of each species to enable you to keep an adequate sample and to forward to the Survey Coordinators a duplicate (destined for the W.A. Herbariurn) (see Fig. 2).
r------,
\.I 1L>L1 i ~ · ··-·-- J"1)1, :L ~ I I J'"PS :l. Figure 2. Labelling Plant Specimens Collections should include leaves, buds and fruits and a small packet of fruits with the seeds enclosed. Where available, juvenile leaves from suckers near the base of the trunk should also be collected. If buds 5 are not available, a search on the ground may produce shed bud caps which are often an important aid in identification. Bark may be included if it is unusual . As soon as possible after collection, plant parts should be put between sheets of newspaper, spread out so that they are clearly seen, and pressed. A simple press can be made from two sheets of any non-bending material, strapped together. Some sheets of cardboard, preferable smooth-sided corrugated cardboard, placed between the newspaper sheets will assist air circulation through the press. Drying of plant material occurs within the press and can be facilitated by keeping it in a warm room or in front of a heater and by changing the ne"wspaper daily for the first fe.,.. days, and then as conditions dictate. Most plants should dry in about a fortnight. Once dried, the plants should be placed between clean, dry sheets of newspaper and suitable measures taken to protect . the specimens whilst they are in transit. Figure 3. Pressing Plant Specimens 3. Specimen Label Slips These are standardised recording slips which must accompany any specimen "when it is submitted to a 6 herbarium . These can be filled in by either yourself or the Survey Coordinators (based on information contained on Sight Record Sheets) If you would like to fill in your own Specimen Label Slips, please contact Rare Eucalypt Survey Coordinators, ~.A. Wildlife Research Centre, P.O. Box 51, Wanneroo, 6065. 4. Field Notebooks We recommend the use of field notebooks when recording in the field, with all relevant data being later transferred to Sight Record Sheets. It is important that you make notes on most features illustrated in Fig. 4. when in the field, especially those difficult or impossible to observe on herbarium specimens (e.g. tree or mallee, habit, height, shape, bark features, leaf glossiness, leaf venation and oil gland pattern, presence of pi th glands in branch lets, flower colour etc. Such information should be included on the Sight Record Sheets under •Additional Remarks". If there ie insufficient apace, please attach an additional sheet of paper. If you have· collected a specimen, remember to include its unique number in your field note book for future reference. 5. Where to Send Duplicate Specimens for Identification Please forward your duplicate specimens with relevant sight record sheets to: Eucalypt ·survey Coordinators Wildlife Research Centre, C.A.L.M. P .0. Box 51 Wanneroo W,A. 6065 The coordinators wil 1 ensure that your specimens are correctly identified, with the able assistance of botanists Ian Brooker and Stephen Hopper. As mentioned 7 above, the duplicate you send ~ill be d1·pns itcd in the Western Australian liE·rt.arium. (i. Confidentiality We urge contributors to be circumspect in divulging precise locations of the rarest of the eucalypts. Many of these are of considerable horticultural value, and some have been stripped entirely of mature fruits at particular sites by unscrupulous seed collectors in the past. If you consider that a given species might be at risk from such activities, please use general locations (e.g. Ravensthorpe district) when discu~sing or writing about your survey work. While we require very precise locations on computer sheets t0 ensure we can determine land status and ownership accurately, rublications arising from this survey will not provid~ accurate details or maps for the rarest species. ? lrec_ or Mo...lle.e hejh~ !!.ho.pe stc=S ere..c.l:; or sl-r°.j.9~ Mo..rv.-e (o.n°p.j jlOS-j c,,- d ..,,, \ :Ju votn ', le. &r .f.Ef P.; ( ,e_ l~vctS '-..,. cc/oor ~ 1.3e. sho..pe Adv I e- Le.a..ves. S,3e. ~h.Qpe. Vef"\ 4.t;',on """d 9 Bud c.~ (operculurn) C.Or'"li CA! I 1--cz.r... ,Spheric 0. b€A..~e.DI l "-oo, -~h°'f~c ~ \ ~Ped,.,nc.le. (fia.!- or !:e~ae,_ (n:.,.,,-.deJ) 10 G:JSSARY OF TERMS USED acute endins in a sharp point adnate (of a~thers) rigidly fixed at the base (see diagram below) anthesis the p=ocess of flowering axillary in the leaf axil; from where the leaf joins the branchlet concolorous leaf ~ith upper and lower sides the same colou= cuboid resem~ling a cube discolorous leaf ~ith upper and lower sides a different colour exserted protruding from the top or opening of the fruit fertile (of stamens) having an anther flanged a pro:ecting flat rim, collar or rib glaucous with a waxy coating giving a white, grey or blue-grey appearance globoid of the anthers, somewhat globular in form hypanthium the f:ower receptacle or lower part of the bud inflorescence cluster of flowers mallee shrub-mallee - has more than one trunk and each ~runk is less than 10 cm in diameter tree-2allee - has more than one trunk and each trunk is more than 10 cm in diameter mallet small to medium sized tree, usually of steep-branching habit, sometimes fluted at the base of the trunk, and often with a conspicuously dense, terminal crown obtuse blunt or rounded at the apex oil glands minute oil containing structures seen near the surface of young stems, leaves, buds and fruits operculum the bud cap, the upper part of the bud which joins the hypanthiurn and covers the stamens 11 panicle a much-branched inflorescence with flowers on stalks peduncle the stalk which holds the cluster of buds7 may be terete, stout or flattened pendulous weeping habit or downturned petiole the leaf stalk which joins it to the branch let pith the inner core of tissue of a plant stem reticulation the pattern of leaf veins scar the marking left on the bud when the first operculum is shed. If only one operculum is present no true scar is formed although a line of dying tissue which resembles a scar may appear near to flowering sessile without a stalk staminode a sterile stamen, one without an anther or with a reduced, non-functional anther striated marked with almost parallel longitudinal ridges terete rounded; used when descirbing stems, peduncles and petioles and referring to a cross-section truncate slightly cut off venation refers to the pattern of veins in the leaf versatile (of anthers) fixed at a central point and able to pivot (see below) versatile adnate 12 Figure 5. Leaf, bud and fruit shapes 13 G \ / ---- ··, ( Corn~I ~ ftc1.r- \f ,....r,J c\u.\,-l:.\...o..p~d Fru.:,rs ' . n . a' \/ 0. 14 EUCALYPTUS 'ARGUTIFOLIA' Grayling and Brooker ined. Distribution and Habitat: Known only from two locations north of Yanchep growing in shrubland on hilltops. Recorded with E. foedunda anf E. decipiena. Flowering Period: March to April. Additional Field Characteristics: A mallee up to 3 m in height with smooth, grey and pale coppery bark. The juvenile leaves are elliptical to orbicular, up to 7 x 6 cm and glossy green. Adult leaves are ovate to broad-lanceolate, 6-lO x 2-4 cm, thick and glossy green with dense reticulation. The inflorescence is 7 (occasionally 11) -flowered and the flowers are white. Stamens are inflexed with versatile anthers. Fruits have a thin to moderately thick rim with an obliquely descending disc. The seed is red-brown, flattish and somewhat wrinkled. E. argutifotia is related to E. congtobata but differs in its bark always being smooth, its longer, pedicellate buds (congtobata 0.4-0.8 m x 0.4-0.6 cm), and hemispherical operculum (congtobatc conical). References: Brooker and Kleinig (ms) us•30 • 115°35' us•,w· us•45• us·:so · us·ss· IEucalyptus ·argutlfol1a' X 2 records I iI Nature Aesarveo > 2000 ha. Nat Iona! Parks > 2000 ha. j 31'20· ...... I 31'20· 131°25' X \ I 131'30· \ X I 31"30• l- r-· '\o YanO{'•P\ l 31°35' I \r',_j ,,•E+ ~~-.---11...,s•d---30-·---11--,s'/-3,-s :-· --1:-1,-s't-"'°:-:-:-. >-----:-:11"='s•t-4::-5:-. --1:-:1::;s.1;.so-;:,;----.J 15 ~1.· . : /' / . ,. ,/ / ~ i /~F .. .-x - -· I --~·- ... . /~,.- .. I / . I / f{_i,.,,, -1i.-; ... to Moei\e..r-"1L \~ -l'k.:ck f\J tA lt 1e..a.ve.':> 9lossy. 4 Of" 5 val-.,es ~rl,L" car-co iorOl.45 t,:, .,.. ,· ....-- \e.ve,l 1 (,-10 )( ;t-J.l.. O"" EUCALYPTUS 'ASPERSA' Brooker and Hopper ined. Distribution and Habitat: Has a scattered occurrence, usually in small pure stands, in the northern jarrah forest, from south-west of Kojonup to Mt Saddleback and the Brookton Highway. Usually occurs in gravelly loam. Flowering Period: Unknown. Additional Field Characteristics: A mallee with rough, loosely held bark on the lower part of stems. The juvenile leaves are sessile, elliptical to ovate, and opposite for many pairs. Adult leaves are narrow lanceolate to lanceolate, 7-11 x 0.8-1.4 cm and light green and slightly glossy. The reticulation is dense with numerous oil glands. Inflorescences have up to 13 flowers; buds with inflexed stamens and basifixed, scarcely versatile anthers. The fruits are urceolate with 3 or 4 enclosed valves which may appear exserted due to persistent style remnants. Seed is grey, shiny and smooth. E. 'aspersa' is related to E. o Zeosa which occurs in dry, sandy areas from the Goldfields east and which has linear early juvenile leaves. E. o Zeosa also has narrower, green and very glossy adult leaves (5-10 x 0.5-1 cm) and smaller, ovoid to broadly fusiform buds (0.5-0.8 x 0.2-0.3 cm) with a rounded or rarely conical operculum. References: Brooker and Kleinig (ms) 1t1' 117° 15' 32° 1, · c Brook\O" 32'30' 0 0..t'. :: "'; VP D Bo DOll'IQ t on o 111:lu•s o 0,.,: 11'1 06.''~: "Q ' ~ 33· 15" C lp ~ "' w,. Q) "~ .. ' : ::.111, ~ JJ')(l · Jeuc::1lyotu1 'uperu · X 11 r1c. oriul 33' 30' ~,:.rt ~eurvu > 2000 I'll. Nt~~,!ill Pirkl> 2000 I'll , _j 33" ·~ · .. (C)CN~C ! o Boyuo 8,.0011 ' ! J 3< I 117 17 X Fr(.,4a ~dice-llede 1 l.)f'Ctol,:..fe_ 0 · 5 - 0 · b X o . 5 _ o .(o '-"" Rdwlf [ec>.,Je-S Cot'\Colol""OIAS, slijh-1--0 ~ bs-sj. Ji~!._+ 3rur1, 7-/IX O•'j--(•4-C..M XJ.. Up -lo I;, 6"'-ol? pt.r i~-f lo resc.'2/"\C£.., ,. .. ·--·· --·. ,._. . ... 18 EUCALYPTUS BREVISTYLIS Brooker Rate's Tingle Distribution and Eabitat: Has a restricted distribution east and north-east of Walpole where it occurs in deep soils, usually along waterways. It is associated with E. calophylla, E. margir.ata, E. diversicolor and E. megacarpa. Flowering Period: April-November. Additional Field Characteristics: A medium to tall tree up to 40 m high with rough, fibrous, light grey-brown over reddish-brown bark throughout. Seedling stems and adult branchlets are usually glaucous. Juvenile leaves are petiolate, cordate, to 9 x 6 cm, glossy and light green and the juvenile stems are red and glaucous. Adult leaves are discolorous and slightly glossy with numerous -oil glands. The inflorescence is 7 to 13-flowered (usually 11). The flowers are white with inflexed stamens in the bud. The outer stamens are without anthers and the style is short. Seeds are brown and pyramidal with the dorsal side rounded and the ventral side ribbed. This species can be confused with E. marginata when not in . bud or flower. It differs in its more rounded budcaps and smaller fruits with a very thin rim lmarginata fruits 1.9-1.6 x 0.9-1.5 cm). The petiolate, cordate juvenile leaves also distinguish brevistylis • References: Elliot and Jones ( 1986) , Brooker and Kleinig (ms). 117° 117°05 ' IEucalyptua t,ravUtylU X ko 10 I I Mature A11..-v11 > 2000 h• . I Nltlon1l Prkl > 2000 hi . 134•-e· I I ~ 34"50 • I I i ~ 34"55• I---1 . ' \ .J ; ...~ ••~ X ( /·-c.!t.x. 35" r__ ___.. .___.. -- 116 35' 118 41)' 116 e· 116 55 ' 117 19 Y,.... f Iort s ~ 1.4 I° -1-o 1~- -F lowe.rQ.c( · A~lf !eAve.s cJ ;':){olo,-oL<:,. sl •'!j!.-+I:, ~ loss J , cfo.. .,.. k ~,,..e.e_,,._ ---,...~ ~owe., -th l"I, '1 - II x I · ;t - 3 C..""1 &,..d,s c,l«v~te.. +o ovoid, shov--te.r -tho.n pe.d.1c.e- Is F ...... ;t tr{)nco.t__-~ lobo>e.,, O · ~ x O •.;, C,l'VI ur--,nkleol whe..n d1--j' . 0·1,- I )( O•t, - I t.M x~ ~ ((,~ -rhi"', ch'sc. de.sc.e.r.ol ,· "'j 3 ~t~I~ ~c-lost~ vMves 20 EUCALYPTUS CALCICOLA Brooker Boranup Mallee Distribution and Habitat: Has a very restricted distribution between Cape Freycinet and Cape Hamelin occurring on coastal limestone dunes. A variant (possibly a new subspecies) occurs further east of West Cape Howe and near Bremer Bay. Flowering Period: May-June. Additional Field Characteristics: A mallee up to 5 m with smooth, light grey, pinkish grey, yellowish or green bark. The juvenile leaves are sessile and opposite for many pairs with long internodes and ovate, to 15 x 9 cm. They are glossy and bright green, becoming petiolate. Adult leaves are slightly glossy with numerous, irregular -oil glands. Inflorescences are axillary and the flowers white with variously flexed stamens. The ribbed fruits have a thick rim, including the a~nular or descending disc and 4 enclosed valve_s. The seed is black and lustrous and pyramidal in shape. E. calcicola has sir..ilarities with E. ligulata but differs in its juvenile leaves (ligulata dull, blue-green), bud shape and size (lig1,. ! ata clavate to broadly fusiform, less ribbed, 0.3-0.6 cm wide) and the number of fruit valves (ligulata 3). References: Elliot & Jones (1986), Brooker and Kleinig (ms). · 11~· 115'os· 115°10 · 115"15· ~. ~ k•~10----r------r----,I 34' ~ \ - o Hitchcllffe i i i I\ J.-~ i I 34°05 ' ~ LJ i X i \ x ~ ! ~3410" ! X ~------~I IEucalyptus celcicoh X B records I! I ~-Nature==='.:'.:======::,~ Re11rv11 > 2000 he...... I Net1onel Perks > 2000 ha. - · 1 ! J 34°15" a Karridele ! ' 115' 11s• 05 · 11s· 10· 21 XI r "'-f 10 re 5(_ e.,r,c,e_ 7--P low~.v--p_.( pt-ol ;ce- Ilo.+e, , Or 6ea.keJ fru;+ .sko.,..-f~ ~d:te-lla.i:t.,, CL Di'=<. i;u-."'"' \111'" o..- cAe.SGU\Q 1·vt~ . 4 ~c,lose.~ v~lve;. 22 EUCALYPTUS EXILIS Br? oker Boyagin Mallee Distribution and Habitat: Occurs in a few scattered localities between ~t. Lesueur and Boyag in Rock where it grows in laterite or sand over laterite with other eucalypts and dense heath. Flowering Period: September-October. Additional Field Characteristics: A slender, erect-stemmed mallee to 6 m with a thin canopy, glaucous branchlets and smooth pale bark. T~e juvenile leaves are sessile, opposite and elliptic in shape, 1.5-10 x 1-6 cm. The operculurn is generally hemispheri8al, but may be broadly conical or with a short pointed tip. The seed is black and slightly striated, pyramidal in shape. Eucalyptus exilie is related to E. pendene and E. aepulcralie but bot!-. the latter two species have weeping steins and branchlets. They also have larger leaves, buds and fruits. References: Brooker (1974); Rye and Hopper (1981) Elliott and Jones (1986). 30' .l .: i Eucal~plus ,.i 1l1S). 13 rec oros I Ndture Reserves > 10000 ha . - Mauonal Parks >10000 ha - j 31° •• 100 Ging in o X 31 • 30 · 31•:10 · 0 Northa• 32' o Pt!rth 32• Brook ton 0 Nandu<'•l"I o Pin) arr a 116· 111· 23 ---frv,ls e:f-ke..- cs,ve:J (!),.- brvflC.o.l-e..-_globo~ -A-dvlt iE....,-eg ,--7'"" XO·i~ol.UYI cM-.:j i.:,I~ c.unrc.d 6.ps 5lenc¾er, ~CULQne.,J ---,v, Lc.a.J- .S: h,J IQ.5 0 · ~ - 1-5~ lo~- Slende.r, er"d:-, 310.-.,U><,.IJ //----- 6 ..-o." C \.J e.1-:S xi xi 24 EUCALYPTUS FICIFOLIA F. Muell, Red-flowerinq blood~:od Distribution and :-'abitat: Occurs over a rP.stricted geographical range c: c . 30 km east of Walpole, mainly along the coast with a fe·-· scatterP.d occurrences further inland. Grows on sandhills end depressions amongst lateritic hills, on white or grey sa:.d. It is usually a component of low open woodland or fo~est, often with E. marginata, Casuarina fraseriana, Banksia .::ttenuata and E. ilicifoZia. Flowering Period: ~anuary - April. Additional Field Characteristics: A small straggling tree up to 9 m in heig':".t with rough, longitudinally furrowed bark, light grey to reddish brown in colour. Juvenile leaves are ovate to broad-lanceolate, 12 x 6 m. Adult leaves are 7-14 x ~-6 cm, apparently without glands. The peduncles are flatte~ed or angular, 2-3.3 cm long. The buds measure 1.2 1.6 x 0.6 0.8 cm. Inside the bud, the stamens are all in:: l exed. The species is similar to E. c~lophylZa ("marri" : .but differs in its orange to red flowers, longitudina:ly furrowed bark, and its seed which is reddish brown and w:.nged at the top (E. calophylla seed is large, boat shaped, =lack, not winged). References: Blakely (1955) j E.uct:yptu& ttcitoHa X 1c records ( 3,4" 40 ' 3<50" o Ml Frenk l eod 34· so· 34"55• i ... -··\ , ····: O);~lpol/ 35°05" f;at:Jrc He~erve~ " c.' N 1C: t,a . Na~i c 11t1l Pct,..._! ?•:.. :,c . lta . km 2C 35· 10· 116°30· 116°35' :::· •o · 116° •s· 11E'so· 116·ss· 111· 111'05 · 25 ,, .· .... ~-~- : /" . . . ·. :~,;_~: ...... ~·-· ·-. :' :' '•. . , ,_ . · . /i >·.- --~>(· -·- . ·-/ /·'\t( •:, ~~:vl · ·.\ go.,-rel or- vrt\ -Skf!!-d . -frvlr- w:rl s~\ t,.e.d::. X o-5 26 EUCALYPTUS FOECUNDA Schauer Coastal dune mallee, Fremantle mallee Distribution and Habitat: Restricted to coastal areas from south of Mandurah, north to Lancelin, found particularly in sandy areas often over shallow limestone. Flowering Period: January to May. Additional Field Cr.aracteristics: A mallee to 4 m with rough, thin, grey bark. Newly exposed layers are whitish. Juvenile leaves are sessile, lanceolate, opposite for many pairs and dull blue-green becoming glossy green with warty stem. Adult leaves are concolorous and glossy green with very dense reticulation. The inflorescences are axillary, often clustered towards ends of branchlets and the flowers are creamy-white. The seed is grey to pale r-eddish-brown and compressed ovoid in shape. E. foecunda is related to E. rigiduta and E. leptophylZa (the latter having previously been included in E. foecunda). Both E. rigiduZa anc E. ZeptophyUa differ in having smooth bark. E. rigid:.!Za is also distinguished by its slightly larger fruits (0.5-0.8 x 0.5-0.8 cm) and its disc, which is not whitish. E. Ze-;;tophy1,7,a has smaller buds (0.5-0.4 x 0.2-0.3 cm) and fruit (0.4-0.5 x 0.3-0.4 cm), and elliptic to ovate, glaucous juvenile leaves. Referendes: Brooker and Kleinig (ms). 0 u&" t1ti 0 1,· 11& 30' Euc1lyptu1 fo1cunC11 X 31° 1~ · o 61ng1n .,_. 32' 32° lS' 32" 45' 27 ll ~re..U" O\ du It \e,C\ve::. /}9 C. \o$5'j t/:,'II 1,1 1-10 )( O-'i- \·.;l.C,M ,·'·.·i- ·1,t,.-1· ,!-r'<··.. ·i;)F' ,~ii Operc,.... lv. M Co•V-:cvvl ~o s l~~\.-Jl'j beo.ke.cl . &,.,.ols 5\...ov-+\':) pe d ic..e.-l \~-1-~ 0•1-1 x o .3-0· £.1.C.M FlrWt shov---t l':\ feCAic,e,lli::,1e, bo.. ..,-Q, \. -s,W) re cA .::,.s-o·fo x o·t.t-o•Sc..,..., 28 EUCALYPTUS GUILFOYLE! Maiden Yellow Tingle · Distribution and Habitat: Has a very restricted distribution in the Walpole to Bow Bridge area and for 20 km to the north. It occurs on the edges of karri forest, in brown loams and clay soils. Associated species include E. divereicolor, E. megacarpa, E. calophylla and E. marginata. Flowering Period: No v ember to December. Additional Field Characteristics: A medium to tall tree, up to 40-60 m in height. The bark is grey brown in colour, rough, short fibred and crumbly. Juvenile leaves are elliptic to ovate, green on the upper side, paler beneath, 5-13 x 3-7 cm. Adult leaves are 0-16 x 1.6-4 cm and apparently with no oil glands. Both stamens and style may be bent or twisted. The sessile fruits measure 0. 7-1 x 0.8-1 cm. The seed is red-brown and roundish. References: Maiden (1911); Gardner (1979). l l6° 35' l l6° 40. !IE 45' 116 50 ' 116°55 ' l 17 1l7' 05· 1 l 7° ID' I£uca l)~t us gullfoylel X 7 records r ]4 40. 34 45' 34 45' 34' 50 ' X llt Fran~~and 34' 50 · 34' 55 · 34 55 · i 35' ,): X ... / 1Mpole IX . . _I. 35' 35' 05 ' 35' 05 ' t:a t ~rL he:::u•1,• c ~ > ~·:·C;V ha . Not il':"":\Jl ;;arit~ ;, 2·:--:,i;, ~a. ., 0 . 20 35' 10 ' !16°30' I l6° 35' 116°-"0' 116° 45' I 16° 50' !16°55' I 17° 111'05 · 29 o... ·, lny\ov-e.S CQ>..UZ ;;.5 ter"M~\"\.o..\ I po..r,·.c.\e.. Up 1-o 7 buo.s per \ i. v--.flo<"eS.OL.-c:Jl.. . Flo.J:l:.ened P-1uncle 1·:l.-.:tc"" lo~ Ad .Jlr leo.\J'esJ ~re.en Or\ ofp:u- s~de., ps..le.r be"'~. N Ut,/\.E!nlo f .. r.e s ,de v~s. : : ; : '• .. :, ..1.._\ ! ; ; . ·...... 3 o.-- 4 ~luCLS \el)a.l or- S\<5h+~ pn,trvd ttj . x.2 30 \.....- EUCALYPTUS JACKSONII Maiden Red Tingle Distribution and Habitat: Has a very restricted distribution over a range of about 20 km in the Walpole area. Occurs with E. diversicoZor. Flowering Period: January - March. Additional Field Characteristics: A tall tree up to 65 m, with a rough stringy bark and the butt prominently buttressed. The bark is shallowly . furrowed, grey over red-brown in colour. Juvenile leaves are opposite and elliptic for a few pairs, then alternating, petidlate and ovate, 6-17 x 4-10 cm, green in colour, slightly glossy, paler beneath. Within the buds, the stamens are all fertile and are variously flexed. Fruits are 0.6-0.8 - 0.8-1 cm. The seeds are shiny brown and pyramidal in shape. The species is similar to E. brevisty7,is, differing in its larger buds (brevistyZis buds to 0.3 x 0.3 cm), its juvenile leaves (brevistyZis - cordate with _glaucous red stems) and its generally fewer flowers per inflorescence (brevistyZis - 7 or more). The flowering period of E. brevistyZis is from April-November, also its outer stamens are without anthers. References: Blackall and Grieve (1980): Gardner (1979); Maiden (l913): Brooker and Kleinig 1ms). lt6° 40' 111°10· 0 IEuc1lyptua Jackaonll X .c record• j 3• 40 ' 0 3• 50 ' Mt frenitend o naark 35' ·Nature Reserves > 2000 ha. 0 k• 35" 10· Nat1onol Porks > 2000 ho. 20 116°30' 116°40' 116°50' 117° 111'10· 31 Acl.ulb le.a.ve.s. dcu-k j'~ a..bo-re, po--le,~1 v-},rh r\lJrY\~~ l~e.. tS!o-r,d o:I .3lo-.nd.s . f..u.v~ 7-5-llx l·'t-J.·5c'"" . 8ud sh>.\1-: e, H.. er MucJ... l:,..,d • .. •.·.:__.~ .Shorte.r ~ or --~ •nd,~ h .... ct- Sh>.rY"\ ef\S l-li.th ·,"' bud a.II ful:;:IQ. \ 1:lul.-~h.°'f"'d to bn,~~ SpW~ Sho.ped bvcis Co•l.-6·7 "0-3-C· ltc,..· u f 1-e I per ·.nffo res. C4w..Q.. • / Pl&w'2.1'S t.:),._,~ ~ . Cvb-oJt" ..9 lobulM" / fru,1:s 3 - 4 enelo.seq vo-lue.-S 32 EUCALYPTUS LANE-POOLEI Maiden Salmonbark Wandoo Distribution and Habitat: Found in a disjunct distribution on the western scarp of the Darling Range and adjacent plains between Waroona and Clackline with populations also between Jurien Bay and Gingin. There is also a possible new location near Denmark. Usually found on sand over laterite or deep sand near the coast. Flowering Period: January to April with possible flowering all year. Additional Field Characteristics: A small to medium sized tree to 12 m with moderately dense foliage. Bark mostly smooth, orange or orange-brown, weathering to grey or whitish with some loosely held brown flake&.. Juvenile leaves ovate, dull and light green, measuring 9 x 3. 5 cm. Adult leaves falcate, 6-14 x 0.8-1.9 cm, slightly glossy and bright green. Their reticulation is very dense with scattered to numerous oil glands. Flowers ·are white to cream and profuse. Seed is grey and compressed-ovoid in shape. This species has similarities with E, drummondii but E. drummondii can be distinguished by its smaller, straggly habit, powdery white or grey bark, conical bud cap and glaucous buds and peduncles. References: Brooker and Kleinig (ms), Elliot and Jones (1986), Chippendale (1973) ua· ua'JO · 117' 50 r1c0rl11 X :,0'15 -L: ,o':,o• 2000 I"''"''_,,Mttionll Plrkl .. >, lOOO ha.... -1- 30• 48' :,a'c,• ... fb St' HI' ff'1 X 31° 1,· ~ ' 0 G1ng1n 31°30' NOrtl\H ]1')0' r- \) t1 X1 ' 31°45' 31' .,,. f- ,.. o P• rth -~ :12·1n· Ji.''~- • 32"30• .. "' .. ,:1 32",o· o Plnlvr• sz"e• 11!1' 115 30' Ill UI 30' 33 34 EUCALYPTUS AFF. LANE-POOLE! Distribution and Habitat: There is only one known location of this plant. It was collected south-east of Yoongarillup, south of Busselton in 1987 in loam with massive laterite on a creekline. Associated species were E. marginata and E. calophylla over open scrub. Flowering Period: Unknown. Additional Field Characteristics: A straggly small tree or mallee, thick-trunked to 3 m tall with rough grey-brown, friable bark. The canopy is yellowish-green and the adult leaves slightly discolorous. E. aff. lane-poolei differs from E. lane-poolei in having rough bark (lane-poolei mostly smooth, orange-brown weathering to grey or whitish) and its slightly-discolorous leaves. References: s. Hopper (pers. comm.), Brooker and Kleinig (ms). 115° 20' 115°25' 115° 30' 115°35' 11s' 40 · 33'35• 33' •0' usselton 33° •0' 33° •5' 33' 45' X Jarrahwood o 33°50' 33'50· J Eucalyptus lane-poole1..J1ff X 1 records I Nature Reserves> 2000 ha . National Parke> 2000 ha. 0 k• 10 33'55· 115° 15' 115' 20' 115° 25' 115°30' 115° 35' 35 I3uols ovoid 1o 5lobose.... 6·i- 1 ·ol )( 0•'6-0-l)CM Oper-c.._/u-,,.,,, he-Misp/>e.-< ( b ... li_gl,,,-t I~ CO"'i(c,. I · t:\d.,_/t l~~s Xl -;.J;,f,tlj olisco/o-n,t.1s /~-~;,.=:;..-- Pt..d .... 'IC,,le.s 7~,,..vf-t. O·?-J.-=,C-M -:,,j El Narrow-leaved Red Ma:lee Distribution and Habitat: Known only from one pure stand in the northern jarrah forest in the North Bannister area. Similar stands to the south-east may belong to this species but research is required. Flowering Period: Unknown. Additional Field Characteristics: A mallee to 4 metres with smooth, grey brown and light coppery stems. Juvenile leaves are narrower and elongated, sessile, opposite for many pairs and glaucous. They are prominent as stem coppice in the principal stand. Adult leaves are concolorous and glossy green. This is a rcently discovered species related to E. foecunda and E. Zeptophy lla . It differs from E. f oecunda in its smooth stem, narrower, glaucous juvenile leaves (foecunda 6 x 1.5 cm) and its jarrah forest habitat. E. ZeptophyZZa has elliptical to ovate juvenile leaves (2.5 x 1.6 cm) with warty stems and occurs in the eastern wheatbelt. References: Brooker and Kleinig (ms), Brooker (pers. comm.). us'20· 11s'25• 11s'30• 11s'35· 11s' 40• us' 45• 11s'so• 11s'ss• 111' ., Eucaly~~~s ' Jatens · X I record 32° 15' Nature Reserves> 2000 he. 32°20' National Parks> 2000 he. Brockton o 32'20· o North Bannister o Mt Cooke 32°25' X {JD 32'30· 32°30' 32'35• 32'35• 0 k• 20 32°40' o Wander! g I 11s'1s· 116'20· 116°25' 116°30' 116°35' 116°40' 116°45' 116°50' 116°55' 37 &.els ~ho,,.:tlJ peolic.e,ll~+e., ,I 0-1- 1 < o->- o •4= ~dll>""'de.5 sle~e,..-, te-v-eAe or ~li~l.-.tl~ fl,dt(.neci VI,,,,:;,~:::-:--- A il,,\1 Ieo. vt-'> ~ 10?'5~ ~l"'e.e-, •+ 1 fl,.. p~clice.llo.+e..., o.a.-o-sc.r, F "''-"' 7~()r- .J ~~'\1-~h-reJ, o,s·o · •' ~isc. lev11,,l -h> de.~~""-ir,j, . ,,. wh;+i~~ . . ' x-\ )(;).. 38 EUCALYPTUS 'PETRENSIS' Brooker and Hopper ined. Distribution and Habitat: Has been recorded from Yalgorup to Seabird with an isolated occurrence west of Eneabba. Occurs on limestone ridges. Flowering Period: ~u~y - ? Additional Field Characteristics: A straggly, spreading mallee to 3. 5 m wit:: smooth barked stems, often forming dense, pure stands. Differs from E. fa:~ c:. ta in its shorter, stouter peduncles (falcata 0.7-2 cm long) which are not down-curved, its straggling, spreadin g habit and its limestone habitat (falcata generally on laterite breakaways). It is also similar tc . E. decip i er.s but E. decipiens has rough bark and sessile buds and fruits. References: S. Hopi:;er (pers. comm.) , Brooker and Kleinig (ms). 11s· 116° I .. I \ ~ 30· j I ·L !\ rlE-u-c•_l_y_pt-u-, - .-pef-..,-"-"_'_x------,J! 30 I 4 records ! I I 30°30' JI I 30° 30' 31 Seabird o Gingin o V•nchep 3(30· X \ o Pertn kM 100 ~ Manouran o Pinjarra o Va r loop 114 30' us· 39 f\ cL,,l { lev.v~ carsco\o-ro"S, ~ \os S ., -_; . · S'r. o---t I sh:w.. t a-,,--cl . e. .,.- ,..c,°'f pe.:J.,.=o\e.s xl 40 EUCALYPTUS 'PHY' AFF. DECIPIENS Meeluµ Mallee Distribution and Ha'::::. tat: Known from only one population near Meelup, west o~ Busselton in loamy granitic soil on a gradual slope facins the c oast . Growing in woodland over scrub with f. margir:.:~,;. and f. caiophyila. Flowexing Period: fe~ruary to March . Additional field Chc:::-acter is tics: i, mallee or tree to 5 m with distinctive ccarse, non-fibrous, loose, rough bar}: overlying thick, cor~! bark. The juvenile leaves are almost round and entire. .::..dul t leaves are concol orous, faintly glossy and blue-gre:, green. The inflorescence is axillary and 7-9-flowered and the flowers are white. This species is related to !=:. dec-~piens, differing in its coarse, loose bark, entire juvenile leaves (decipiens has emarginate juvenile :.eaves) and rounded opercula (de cipiens opercula acute, cor.ical or beaked). E. 'phy' also has larger buds and frui~s. "References: Brooker and Kleinig (ms), CALM sta[;' (;:-0rs. comm.). --r------..---us·os· us· 10· ------,,.---, I Eucal',: : .. s ·;:inylacis' X· -·- r_ records] Nature ileoervee > 2000 ha. Net Iona: Parka > 2000 ha. k• !O r~I I ~ 33'35· 33' 35' \ \ /> 0 Ya! I ingup 7 33' 40' / 114°55' 115°05' 11s'10· 41 Ad1.olt le.c.ve.s .f o.;...,flj ~10$5:1, bliAe. -9..-e~ - .9..-ee., Fi-u.:t ~sile., 4-f"'/a...,. -lo hev-i,sphe.r-i"c.. I. Auil.w>cA l ~ f en,te , IM'l~)I-• I~.-- -to ~1.:j1,,.+t1 f lc.+te.--e.d )( / 42 EUCALYPTUS X 'RIVALIS' Blakely ined. Distribution and Habitat: Known from only two locations: one 48 km south of Perth near Albany Highway and a second near Cape Naturaliste on brown sandy loam with E. megacarpa and E. ma1'ginata . Flowering Period: U~known. Additional Field Characteristics: E. 'rivalis' is believed to be a hybrid between E. marginata and E. megacarpa and has many intermediate characteristics of these two species. A tree of 4-5 m tall with coarse, furrowed grey bark on the trunks. Juvenile leaves are opposite and ovate to broadly lanceolate. The fruits are of a similar shape to those of E. marginata but are larger ( 1. 5 m x 2 cm; marginata - 0. 9-1. 6 x 0. 9-1. 5 cm) and sub-sessile lmarginata pedicellate) • The buds are broader with conical to slightly beaked opercula lmegacarpa strongly beaked, marginata conical to horn-shaped), and a slightly flattened peduncle. References: Pryor and Johnson (1962), G. Keighery (pers. comm.). 11s· 11s'1s· us'30· us·.-s· 32°15" X Eucalyptus "rival :s · X 2 records Nature Reserves > 2000 ha . 32° 15" National Parks > 2000 ha . k• 50 ! Handurah 3z"30 • o Pinjarra ( 'I\ ~-6\ r) i\ 33' 1 i I -, 33'15· I I nbury 33" 1s· o Collie ____.,.. ousse 1 ton 1u'45• 11s· .1s· us•30· 115'45• us· us0 1s· 43 Adwl+ leo.ves, skjh../lj Jis,oloto xi P~d"""cle, s/i3ht0J fll)..fte.t-ieO( .:1.- ;i... "1 '-"" l()l'lj J)i~c..-- 6..-oo.'°' , le.ve.,/ ~ 5he-llo111l 1 descer>vl,'nj XI 44 EUCALYPTUS AFF. Ru::s Distribution and E:...::itat: One known location approximately 6 km ENE of Wager4~ growing on a steep slope at the foot of a steep granite sheet. Occurs as an emergent from dense low heath including .-::z.othamnus quadrifidus and Dodonaea ceratocarpa • Flowering Period: ":September. Additional Field :haracteristics: A mallee with many straight erect ste.:-_s to 4 m high. The stems have smooth grey over creamy-g::-e~· and powdery bark. The canopy is dull green. Infloresce~ces are 7-budded and the flowers are cream. The juveni:e leaves are ovate and dull green. This species diffe::-s from E. rudia in that it is a mallee with smooth bark L--....'.:'is a tree with rough grey-bark in the southern part of i.-::s range), has dull green adult leaves wudis slightly q:~ssy), and a 7-flowered inflorescence wudis 7-11-flowere:: l • References: s. Hop~-er ( pers. comm.) . 115' 50' ~!5°55' us' 116°05' 116° 10' Eucalyptus rudisJ" x I records 32° 45' Natura Raearvee > c:,:i:; he. National Parka > 2co: na . 32°50' o Waroona 32'55• X 32°55' ~ o Yarloop 33' 33' ka 0 10 33'05• o Harvey 115'45• 115'50 · 115°55' us· 116°05' 45 > &.o!~ re cl.ice. tle>.fe} cb...ble - (of\{(_ fo ovoic/ xi Ped ...... ,, le. tev-e-fe o.- f<..i'.,.,.. +l-.ic,k G\~\9u lo...- Di~c: J~e--1 4o sl:~f--tlj o..:;,ce.r.~ '"'j 46 EUCALYPTUS RUDIS SUBSP. "DUNSBOROUGH• Distribution and Habitat: Several known populations between Eagle Bay and Quininup. Found in damp sandy or loamy sites with E. calophylla, Melaleuca rhaphiophylla, Agonia flexuosa, Eucalyptus cornuta. Flowering Period: Unknown. Additional Field Characteristics: A tree to 10 m with rough, grey tessellated or furrowed bark. Adult leaves are generally falcate, up to 20 cm long and pendulous. They are faintly glossy and are dark green. The "Dunsborough" subspecies differs from E. rudia in the larger size of its buds (rudis 0.8-1.2 x 0.4-0 . 6 cm), fruits (rudia 0.4-1 x 0.6-1.5 cm) and leaves (rudis 8-14 x 1. 2-3 cm). References: Hopper (pers. comm.). 115"05• 115°10' 115°15" 115'20· r Eucalyptus rudis 33'30• I ssp . • dunsborough · X 1 records I Mature Reserves> 2000 ha. Nation a1 Parks > 2000 ha. ~n-~· 33'35• \ .. ,, .. ,,.,, Buss el ton 33' 40" a Yallingup 33' 45' 0 k• 10 115° 05' 115' 10' us' 1s· 47 tli5C- le.vt-1 .\o slijhtlj C..$Ce,,-,~ ,;,..j X. \ B.... ~~ J~61e..-(O";c.. +-o ovoid, '9oMQ.-·h;,...es i,.,i-\-\.. prom• "'V" t ~I()."'~ e... 1'.,YOl>"'d Mi~& le.. -c( l · 5 x I· l C.IV\ -f-o,.i"tlJ ~ k,s$j , olo.v--k ~reeA. lo-'~ o-,-.tA pw<.M 48 EUCALYPTUS SARGENTII Maide~ Salt River Gum Distribution and ~abitat: Has a limited and scattered occurrence in the ~heatbelt particularly in the Quairading, Tammin, Hine s Hill and Hyden areas but also extends to near Binnu and Eurardy i~ the north and southwards to Pingaring . Occurs near salt lakes in sandy loams or clays often in ussociation with Me :~ze uca sp. Flowering Period: October-January. Additional Field Characteristics: A small tree up to 11 m in height with a short main trunk of c. l m, above which the branches are erect or spreading and with a dense, rounded crown. The basal bark is dark, rough and flaky but the branches are smooth, grey over coppery. Juvenile leaves are linear, to 12 x 0.6 cm. Adult leaves are ~-10 x 0.5-1.3 cm . The seeds are brown to red-brown. E. aargentii is similar to E. eremophiZa but the latter has smooth bark throughout which is greyish over salmon pink to brilliant copper. Also, E. eremophiZa can have larger leaves (up to 2. 3 cm wide) buds (up to 4 x O. 7 cm) and fruits (up to 1.5 x 1.2 cm) and its flowers are cream to yellow or pink. The adult leaves of E. sargentii have conspicuous venation whereas with E. eremophi Za the veins are obscured by the very numerous oil glands. References: Brooker and Kleinig (ms); Elliott and Jones (1986); Chiopenq.de (1974), 1&,' 111' 117' 1111· 111' 120' 211' !Eu (9 30' 10· a C) t) 11· "<> 0 '°"~ 11' u o lln9ltl {- O _,..odln r-.,..,._• 32" I cJ • P.,.u, 12' . ""-« I rl "Mf',., -- ~ J:J' .=d-· · •~In ,.,. I 114 .... II Ill 111 l20 49 >< I N o-.rrc,<-) I ~ I 'j h..~ 3 lo&~j o.c').., \ 1::- I eo.ueJ 1 o I~ue j r e.e..v-. tT:> ,jfQ.4.n.. Consp; euovs ll'e"o...t-;on , E:l()"'do..~ 1-..,ds. wa~ h.or"- $ l-..o..ped o< cjl:""°r;c ... l .bvd ~ - ..J!o...,"-curuJ .s.\e,...de..r peduncle 0 • C. -.2 e"" lo,j 3-4 vc..lvQS. ro ,;"-' 1<2.vel ()r sl:5h~ ex.s.ed·ed X .:'.l so REFERENCES Chippendale, G.M. (1 97 3). Eucalypts of the Western Australian Gold:ields (and the adjacent wheatbelt). Dept. Primary I ~dustry. Aust. Govt. Pub. Serv. Canberra. Elliott & Jones (1986). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants, Vol. 4. Lothian. Pryor, L.D. and Johnson, L.A.S. (1962). The status and significance of the hybrid EucaZyptus marginata SM x E. megacarpa F. Muell. Aust. J. Bot. 10(2) : 129-133. 51