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Vegetation Analysis of Ground Cover in Lamedai Nature Reserve, Kolaka-Southeast Sulawesi

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Vegetation Analysis of Ground Cover in Lamedai Nature Reserve, Kolaka-Southeast Sulawesi Berk. Penel. Hayati Edisi Khusus: 5F (21–24), 2011 VEGETATION ANALYSIS OF GROUND COVER IN LAMEDAI NATURE RESERVE, KOLAKA-SOUTHEAST SULAWESI Dewi Ayu Lestari Purwodadi Botanical Garden-LIPI Jl. Raya Surabaya-Malang KM 65 Purwodadi Pasuruan-East Java 67163 Telp/Fax: (0343) 615033 E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Lamedai Nature Reserve, Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi is an area of habitat conservation for kayu kuku (Pericopsis mooniana Thwaites). The objective of this research was to determine whether the dominant ground cover species according to dominant tree species based on vegetation analysis, and also to know the species of ground cover that dominated in Lamedai Nature Reserve. We used Purposive Random Sampling method, Important Value Index (IVI), and Species Diversity Index (H). Data analysis showed that the species of ground cover of the dominant vegetation in Lamedai Nature Reserve is Cleistanthus sp. with IVI = 23,1858% and H = 1,9465%. Key words: Lamedai, ground cover, vegetation analysis INTRODUCTION o� the forest. By analyzing vegetation in the forests so we could obtain data and in�ormation on species composition Lamedai stated as nature reser�e according to KepMenhut (Larashati, 2010). No. 209/Kpts-II/1994 on April 30th, 1994 co�ers o� 635,16 hectare landmass. There, we find habitat of kayu kuku MATERIALS AND METHODS (Pericopsis mooniana Thwaites). Geographically, Lamedai Nature Reser�e range between 3°57’-3°59’ LS and 122°48’- Research was done in Lamedai Nature Reser�e, Kolaka, 122°50’ BT, located in Lamedai village, Watubangga sub Southeast Sulawesi on July 21st to August 5th 2009. district, Kolaka regency, Southeast Sulawesi pro�ince. The To determine the composition of vegetation ground length o� district boundaries is ± 10.717 km with a total o� co�er, we used vegetation analysis with sample size 120 boundary markers (�ugiono, 2006). 1 m × 1 m plots. Determination of the plot was done by Ecosystem type of Lamedai Nature Reser�e is lowland Purposive Random Sampling, with 76 plots and the distance �orest, consisting of primary forest and secondary forest. between plots 20 m (�arsetiasih and Herlina, 2005). Howe�er, incline at the lowland forest with secondary forest Data collected was species o� ground co�er vegetation made ecosystem out of balance. This forest has already and co�erage area. Co�erage area o� ground co�er species experienced youth process rapidly, with marked young trees were determined through the method of scoring, showed with a height o� ± 1 m (Putri and Kurniawan, 2006). in the Table 1. One species of vegetation in Lamedai Nature Reser�e is a ground co�er. Analogue to Lamedai Nature Reser�e Table 1. Score of coverage area where we find the habitat of kayu kuku, vegetation ground Score Percentage of coverage area co�er is predominantly seedling. Howe�er, this statement 1 0–20% do not always ha�e a positi�e correlation, because some o� 2 21–40% the natural forest, synthetic forest or arboretum has a ground 3 41–60% co�er o� different vegetation species in the area. There�ore, 4 61–80% the objecti�e o� this research was to determine whether the 5 81–100% dominant ground co�er species was in accordance with the dominant tree species based on vegetation analysis, and �round co�er species obser�ed were seedling and other also to know the species o� ground co�er that dominated in plant species in the plots, we analyzed to obtain Important Lamedai Nature Reser�e. Based on the objecti�es, analysis Value Index (IVI) of each species. Determination of the of vegetation was one way to find out the actual condition dominant species based on relati�e density (KR), relati�e Vegetation Analysis o� �round Co�er �requency (FR) and relati�e dominance (DR) from each o� RESULTS species (Setiadi, 2005). Species Diversity Index (H) was The results showed that 118 species o� ground co�er in determinated by this �ormula (Indriyanto, 2006): Lamedai Nature Reser�e, Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi. List H = – ∑ {( n.i ) log ( n.i )} o� ground co�er species in Lamedai Nature Reser�e area N N based �egetation analysis; data shown in Table 2. H = Shannon index = Shannon index of General diversity �ased on the IVI value, it can be seen that seedling n.i = important �alue o� each species o� Cleistanthus sp. was the dominant species in Lamedai N = total o� important �alue Table 2. List of ground cover species in Lamedai Nature Reserve, Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi Ground cover species Family Ground cover species Family Ground cover species Family Cleistanthus sp. Euph. Melastoma sp. Melast. Paspalum sp. Poac. Uvaria lampongana Scheff. Annon. Mucuna sp. Papil. Pouteria sp. Sapot. Dinochloa sp. Poac. Dacryodes sp. Burs. Maranthes sp. Chrys. Syzygium sp. Myrt. Syzygium sp.3 Myrt. Gironiera sp. Ulm. Caryota mitis Lour. Arec. Gardenia sp. Rub. Leea sp. Leeac. Zingiber sp. Zing. Rubus therpoides Lophatherum Ros. Lygodium circinnatum Polyalthia sp. Annon. gracile Brongn. (Burm.f.) Sw. Schiz. Cratoxylum formosum Rubus moluccanus L. Ros. Entada sp. Anac. (Jack) Dyer Clus. Nephrolepis sp. Nephr. Buchanania sp. Menisp. Derris sp. Papil. Lophopetalum sp. Celast. Stephania hernandifolia Ixora sp. Rub. Schleffera sp. Aral. (Willd.) Walp. Barringtonia sp. Lecyth. Ficus pumila L. Morac. Terminalia sp. Combr. Uvaria sp. Annon. Macaranga sp. Euph. Ochrosia sp. Apoc. Callophyllum sp. Clus. Canarium sp. Burs. Sarcotheca celebica Oxal. Garcinia sp. Clus. Cryptocarya sp. Laur. Drychnos ignatii Cryptocarya crassinervia Metrosideros vera Niederen Myrt. Taenitis blechnoides Pter. Miq. Laur. Maranthes corymbosa Blume Chryst. Casuarina celebica (Auct.) Cas. Calamus sp. Arec. Microlepia strigosa (Thunb.) Persl. Dennst. Sarcotheca sp. Oxal. Hydnocarpus sp. Flac. Embelia sp. Myrs. Schizaea dichotoma Schiz. Pandanus sp. Pand. Sandoricum sp. Meliac. Callicarpa sp. Verb. Mallotus sp. Euph. Mussaenda sp. Rub. Clerodendrum sp. Verb. Menispermaceae Menisp. Aspidopterys sp. Malp. Bauhinia variegata L. Caesal. Psychotria sp. Rub. Stemona sp. Stem. Paspalum vaginatum Swartz. Poac. Pseuderanthemum sp. Acanth. Flagellaria sp. Flac. Campnosperma sp. Anac. Cratoxylum sp. Clus. Ardisia sp. Myrs. Baccaurea sp. Euph. Tetracera sp. Dill. Goodyera sp. Orch. Pleomele angustifolia Agav. Dinochloa scandens Artabotrys sp. Annon. (Roxb.) N.E.Br. (Blume ex Nees) Kuntze Poac. Mallotus philippensis (LMK) M.A. Euph. Christella dentata (Forssk.) Thelypt. Dehaasia sp. Laur. Sandoricum koetjape (Burm.f.) Merr. Meliac. Brownsey & Jermy Dracontomelon sp. Anac. Trema orrientalis (L.) Blume Ulm. Blechnum sp. Blech. Cyperus sp. Cyp. Ficus septica Burm.f. Morac. Radermachera gigantea Bign. Euodia sp. Rut. Sterculia macrophylla Vent.var.falco (Blume) Miq. Glochidion sp. Euph. Hochr. Sterc. Calathea sp. Maranth. Syzygium sp.1 Myrt. Pteris sp. Pter. Christella sp. Thelypt. Gnetum gnemon L. Gnet. Planchonia vallida (Blume) Blume Lecyth. Luvunga sp. Rut. Pleomele sp. Agav. Stephania capitata (Bl.) Walp. Menisp. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. Apoc. Antidesma sp. Euph. Alstonia angustifolia (Roxb.) N.E.Br. Apoc. Carallia sp. Rhiz. Melastoma malabathricum L. Melast. Xerospermum sp. Sapind. Rubus sp. Ros. Vitex sp. Verb. Mitrella sp. Rhodamnia sp. Myrt. Pithecellobium sp. Mim. Syzygium sp.2 Myrt. Randia sp. Rub. Smilax sp. Smil. Pericopsis mooniana Thwaites Caesal. Finchia sp. Prot. Aglaia sp. Meliac. Acmena sp. Myrt. Vitis sp. Vit. Ochrosia tirotasi Apoc. Lestari Nature Reser�e area with a value of IVI 23,1858%. were mentioned to explain that Cleistanthus sp. had a Dominance of the second and third species of ground better adaptation to the en�ironment than other species in co�er were Dinochloa sp. (11,9619%) and Psychotria sp. Lamedai Nature Reser�e. Then, Psychotria sp. had a relati�e (11,3146%). Complete data from 10 species of ground �requency value of 5,2055% of 19 plots obser�ed. Third co�er which were dominant in Lamedai Nature Reser�e relati�e frequency value was Dinochloa sp. with 4,6575% showed in Figure 1. o� 17 plots obser�ed. I� the ratio between the highest IVI �alues based on the relati�e frequency plot, IVI value do not only positi�ely correlated with relati�e frequency values because ground co�er species that has high IVI is not only followed by most fulfilling level on the plot. If it was seen from the abundance of species, Cleistanthus sp. had a large amount 57 indi�idual with 13,3489% as the relati�e density values. This value was quite different from Dinochloa sp. and other species o� ground co�er that had a number o� indi�idual < 30 indi�idu/m2. Compilation o� Figure 1. Species of ground cover which were dominant in species abundance data from ground co�er in Lamedai Lamedai Nature Reserve Nature Reser�e can be seen in Figure 3. �ased on a list of ground co�er species in Lamedai Nature Reser�e as shown in Table 2, the dominant family were Euphorbiaceae and Myrtaceae from 118 species o� ground co�er. Percentage of total families in Lamedai Nature Reser�e was 1,7857%. One family that could not be identi�ied to the genus of Menispermaceae and one family from Orchidaceae, they were Goodyera sp. and ferns. Ferns that grew on the plot were Microlepia strigosa (Thunb.) Persl., Lygodium circinnatum (�urm.�.) Sw., Taenitis blechnoides, Schizaea dichotoma, Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy, Blechnum sp. and Pteris sp. Figure 3. Graph of ground cover species in Lamedai Nature Results of data analysis on the frequency of species Reserve based on the number of individual and relative density (%) indicated that there were certain species which had different �requency than the other. The calculation result of species dominance in Lamedai Nature Reser�e was the species of Syzygium sp.1 with relati�e dominance value of 1,7496%. That species had a uni�orm of relati�e dominance of 0,8748 �rom other ground co�er species.
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