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GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS PLEASE READ CAREFULLY The field trip officially begins at 7:30A.M., Saturday, March 26 and ends at the Hotel Statler in New York City at about 5:00P.M., Sunday, March 27. In order to prevent delays and confusion, each person on the trip is asked to carefully follow the instructions given below. Because there will be considerable driving and numerous stops, the schedule that is outlined must be strictly observed. Your cooperation in following directions and in being prompt will be appreciated. 1. BAGGAGE: All baggage should be labeled with tags which will be sup plied to you. A special committee will handle your baggage and place it in your hotel room at the Penn Harris Hotel in Harrisburg Saturday night. Baggage will be checked at the Hotel Statler in New York upon arrival Sun day afternoon and should be claimed there. In order that your baggage can be collected each day, please follow the directions given below under "Special Instructions For Each Day." 2. HOTEL RESERVATIONS: All hotel reservations are to be made indi vidually. Should you arrive in Pittsburgh Friday, March 25 and stay over night at either the Schenley Park Hotel or the Webster Hall Hotel, you will find both of these hotels adjacent to the starting place of the trip, the Uni versity of Pittsburgh (Cathedral of Learning). Reservations should be made at the Penn Harris Hotel in Harrisburg for Saturday night. To pre vent delays Sunday morning, it is hoped that on Saturday night you will pay for your room at the Penn Harris. Don't forget to leave your room key at the desk upon leaving. 3. BREAKFAST: Sunday morning breakfast will be served at the Penn Harris Hotel beginning at 6 :30 A.M. The field trip fee includes the cost of this breakfast. 4. LUNCHES: Box lunches will be provided at the lunch stop each day. They are included in the field trip fee. 5. DINNER: A group dinner will be served at the Penn Harris Hotel Sat urday night, the cost of which is covered by the field trip fee. 6. EXPENSES: The field trip fee covers all expenses except the cost of your room at the Penn Harris Hotel Saturday night. The fee includes: (1) transportation, (2) guidebook, (3) meals, (4) the handling of baggage, and (5) gratuities. 7. TRANSPORTATION: Travel will be by chartered Greyhound Bus. Please remain in the same bus throughout each day to prevent delay in loading and unloading. Boarding your bus a few minutes ahead of time will facilitate prompt departure. 8. GROUP LEADERS: A group leader in each bus will call out the mileage points along the route, describe geological features in view, and will answer questions. An amplifier will be used in each bus. 9. STOPS: Because of the long distance to be covered both days, stops are necessarily limited in time and number. We will stop at localities where regional geology can best be studied. An amplifier will be used at each stop so that the field leader can be heard by the entire group. There will be a mid-morning and mid-afternoon rest stop each day. 1 SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR EACH DAY SATURDAY, MARCH 26 Baggage: If you stay at either the Schenley Park Hotel or the Webster Hall Hotel Friday night, leave baggage in lobby by 7:15 A.M. All others should bring their baggage to the buses at the starting place by 7:15 A.M. Starting Time and Place: 7:30 A.M., University of Pittsburgh (Cathedral of Learning). Buses can be boarded in the Schenley Plaza Parking Area across Forbes Street from the Cathedral at the Information Booth. SUNDAY, MARCH 27 Baggage: Leave by 7:15A.M. in the lobby of the Penn Harris Hotel. Upon arrival at the Hotel Statler in New York, claim your baggage in the check room. Starting Time and Place: 7:30A.M. from in front of the Penn Harris Hotel. Field Leaders: In Pennsylvania-CARLYLE GRAY, C. E. PROUTY, BRADFORD WILLARD In New Jersey-M. E. JOHNSON, H. P. WOODWARD 2 FIELD GUIDE.BOOK OF APPALACHIAN GEOLOGY PITTSBURGH TO NEW YORK Sponsored by PITTSBURGH GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY In Conjunction With Annual Meeting AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PETROLEUM GEOLOGISTS New York, New York 1955 3 COPYRIGHT PITTSBURGH GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1955 PITTSBURGH GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY ORGANIZED OCTOBER, 1944 Officers: NORMAN K. FLINT----------------------------------------------------------------------------President Associate Professor of Geology, University of Pittsburgh E. R. ELLER ______________________________________________________________________________ Vice-President Curator of Geology, Carnegie Museum J. WEART KELLEY------------------------------------------------------------------------------Secretary John T. Galey, Consulting Geologist and Independent Producer JOHN B. CURRIE--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Treasurer Gulf Research and Development Company Council: ALBERT I. INGHAM, Past President The Peoples Natural Gas Company CHARLES P. COOK Harbison-Walker Refractories Company CHARLES P. DUNCAN Manufacturers Light and Heat Company HENRY W. HECK Gulf Research and Development Company EARL H. LINN Benedum-Trees Oil Company RICHARD J. MURDY New York State Natural Gas Corporation FRANK 0. STURGES Pennsylvania Drilling Company Program Chairman THOMAS A. KUHN New York State Natural Gas Corporation Historian JAMES C. PATTON Equitable Gas Company FIELD TRIP COMMITTEES N. K. FLINT ________________________________________ General Chairman Guidebook Publication Committee: Log Preparation: C. P. CooK, Chairman Pittsburgh to Harrisburg C.P.DUNCAN N. K. FLINT P. W. GARRETT, JR. C. E. PROUTY J. W. KELLEY Harrisburg to Easton S.M. LINGER CARLYLE GRAY Finance Committee: M. N. SCHAFFNER A. I. INGHAM; Chairman BRADFORD WILLARD J. B. CURRIE New Jersey to New York H. W.HECK G. C. GROW, JR. R. J. MURDY M. E. JOHNSON Transportation, Baggage and Lunches: H. P. WOODWARD R. J. MURDY, Chairman Loud Speakers: S. S. GALPIN E. H. LINN 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS HARRISBURG TO EASTON AREA Page Correlation Table of Middle Ordovician, Central Pennsylvania to New Jersey ------------------------------------------------------------------------------························ 40 Columnar Section on Susquehanna-Juniata Rivers Between Half Falls Mountain and Highspire........................................................................ 46 Structure Section Through the Central Part of the New Bloomfield Area 46 Geologic Map of the Harrisburg Area.......................................................... 47 Itinerary, Second Day's Field Trip, Harrisburg to New York.................. 48 Columnar Sections, Bedford and Susquehanna Gaps (See page 30 for Bedford Gap) .......................................................................................... 50 Generalized Structure Sections, Harrisburg to Easton, Pennsylvania (See page 55 for explanation)................................................................ 54 Stops for Geology: No. 7-Stratigraphy at Susquehanna Water Gap.............................. 49 No. 8-Martinsburg Shale .................................................................... 53 No. 9-Upper Cambrian Limestone.................................................... 58 Stratigraphy and Structure of Lower Paleozoic Rocks in Eastern Penn- sylvania .................................................................................................... 87 The Lithology, Stratigraphic Relations and Structure of pre-Cambrian Rocks in Eastern Pennsylvania............................................................ 93 Generalized Columnar Section for Pennsylvania........................................ 98 EASTON TO NEW YORK AREA Correlation Table of Middle Ordovician, Central Pennsylvania to New Jersey ...................................................................................................... 40 Itinerary, Second Day's Field Trip, Harrisburg to New York.................... 48 Generalized Cross Section Across Northern New Jersey.......................... 60 Geologic Map of New Jersey.......................................................................... 61 Stops for Geology: No. 10-Granitoid'Gneiss of the New Jersey Highlands.................. 63 No. 11-Triassic Basalt ........................................................................ 65 Physiographic Summary for New Jersey.................................................... 100 Stratigraphic Summary for New Jersey...................................................... 103 Pre-Cambrian .......................................................................................... 103 Paleozoic .................................................................................................. 103 Mesozoic 104 Cenozoic .................................................................................................. 106 Generalized Columnar Section for New Jersey .......................................... 109 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL Page General Instructions for Trip........................................................................ 1 Special Instructions for Each Day................................................................ 2 Organization of the Pittsburgh Geological Society.................................... 5 Index of Illustrations ................................,..................................................... 7 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................... 9 Route Map of Field Trip................................................................................ 10 Introduction ...................................................................................................