DOCSLIB.ORG

Statement of Conservation Interest

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Statement of Conservation Interest OUR COLLEAGUES CONSERVATION RESERVE (C371) Statement of Conservation Interest Ministry of Natural Resources Sault Ste. Marie District Northshore Area Mlrnstry of Natural Resources ® February, 2005 Ontarto Ce document est seulement disponsible en anglais. Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve Statement of Conservation Interest Sault Ste. Marie District Ministry of Natural Resources APPROVAL STATEMENT I am pleased to approve this Statement of Conservation Interest (SCI) for Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve (C371). Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve was established to protect provincially significant representations of jasper conglomerates of the lorrain Formation, with outcrops featured in two sets of waterfalls. White pine, red pine, balsam fir, white birch and eastern white cedar dominate forest communities in this 92 hectare conservation reserve. This site also serves as a memorial to the four friends and colleagues of the Ministry of Natural Resources who tragically lost their lives on January 21, 2003, while conducting an aerial moose survey. Situated approximately 3S kilometres northeast of the City of Elliot lake in Hughson Township, this conservation reserve was regulated on February 27, 2004. Direction for establishing, planning and managing conservation reserves is defined under the Public Lands Act, the Ontario's Living Legacy Land Use Strategy, and other applicable policies. The specific direction for managing this conservation reserve is in the form of a basic SCI, which defines the area to which the plan applies, provides the purpose for which the conservation reserve has been proposed, and outlines the Ministry of Natural Resources' management intent for the protected area. ThiS SCI has been created with input from program specialists within Sault Ste. Marie District. It will provide both the foundation for continued monitoring of activities and gUidance for managing the conservation reserve. More detailed direction at this time is not anticipated. However, should significant facility development be considered or complex issues arise requiring additional studies, more detailed management direction in the form of special protection measures or a detailed Resource Management Plan will be prepared with full public consultation. Public and Aboriginal were solicited prior to the regulation of this conservation reserve. An additional 1S-day review period took place in December, 2004 that provided stakeholders with an opportunity to comment on the draft SCI. Some Aboriginal communities chose not to participate in either of these comment periods. Comments from the review period have been considered in the finalization of this document. The management guidelines outlined in this SCI will be implemented by the Northshore Area Supervisor, and will be reviewed every five years and amended as required by the District Planner, Sault Ste. Marie District, Ministry of Natural Resources. Written by: Jennifer Cywink, Protected Areas Planning Intern Date: February 22, 2005 Submitted by: Erin Nixon, District Planner Date: February 23, 2005 Recommended For Approval by: DIC&L4Jrvv--'-------- Northshore Area Supervisor Recommended ~--n C7 For Approval by: -----=== I _ c-L..../~ Trevor Woods District na er:,~~It Ste. Marie Approved by: ,t't?'V ob Galloway Regional Director, Northeast Region Ministry of Natural Resources ii Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve Statement of Conservation Interest TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Provincial Context 1 2.0 GOAL AND OBJECTIVES OF THE SCI 2 2.1 Goal 2 2.2 Objectives 2 3.0 MANAGEMENT PLANNING 2 3.1 Planning for a Conservation Reserve 2 3.2 Planning Process for Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve 3 3.2.1 Planning Area 4 4.0 BACKGROUND INFORMATION 4 4.1 Location and Site Description 4 4.2 History of the Site 7 4.3 Inventories 8 5.0 STATE OF THE RESOURCE 9 5.1 Key Values 9 5.2 Earth Sciences Values 9 5.3 Life Sciences Values 11 5.4 Recreational Values 13 5.5 Cuitural Values 14 5.6 Research Values 14 5.7 Site Condition 14 6.0 MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES 15 6.1 Industrial Activities 16 6.1.1 Commercial Timber Harvest 16 6.1.2 Mining and Exploration 16 6.1.3 Extraction of Peat, Soil, Aggregate and Other Material 16 6.1.4 Energy Generation 16 6.2 Existing and Proposed Development 16 6.2.1 Transportation Corridors 16 6.2.1.1 Roads 16 6.2.1.2 Trails 16 6.2.2 Other Corridor DevelopmentJMaintenance 17 6.2.3 Natural Heritage Appreciation Facilities/Recreational Structures 17 6.2.4 Land Disposition 17 6.3 Commercial Activities 18 6.3.1 Commercial Bait Harvesting 18 6.3.2 Commercial Fishing 18 6.3.3 Commercial Fur Trapping 18 6.3.4 Bear Management Areas 18 6.3.5 Commercial Food Collection 19 6.3.6 Commercial Non-Timber Forest Products 19 6.3.7 Outpost Camps/Main Base Lodges 19 6.4 Non-Commercial Activities 19 6.4.1 Nature Appreciation/Recreation Activities 19 6.4.2 Camping 19 Ministry of Natural Resources iii Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve Statement of Conservation Interest 6.4.3 Non-Commercial Consumptive Resource Use 19 6.4.4 Hunting and Fishing 20 6.4.5 ATV and Snowmobile Use 20 6.5 Resource Management Activities 20 6.5.1 Insect and Disease Control 20 6.5.2 Fire Management 20 6.5.3 Fish and Wildlife Management.. 21 6.5.4 Vegetation Management 21 6.5.5 Forest Renewal 21 6.6 Research 21 6.7 Marketing 21 6.8 First Nations 22 7.0 RECOMMENDATIONS 22 7.1 Additions to the Reserve 22 7.2 Future Needs and Considerations 22 7.3 Monitoring 22 8.0 IMPLEMENTATION, REVIEW AND REVISIONS 23 8.1 Responsibility 23 1 8.2 Review and Revisions 24 LITERATURE CITED 25 L Appendix A: Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve Maps 27 Appendix B: Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve Photos 32 Appendix C: Test of Compatibility 35 l Appendix D: Summary of Permitted Uses 37 Appendix E: Regulation Public Consultation Materials 42 L Appendix F: Amendments to the SCI 47 L l L L L l l iv l Ministry of Natural Resources L Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve Statement of Conservation Interest l 1.0 Introduction The following document is a Statement of Conservation Interest (SCI) for Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve (C371). The purpose of this SCI is to identify and describe the L natural, recreational, and cultural values of Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve and to outline the Ministry of Natural Resources' management intent for this area. Sections 1 through 3 of this document highlight the provincial context in which it was produced, state L its goal and objectives, and summarize the planning process for conservation reserves. Sections 4 through 7 are specific to Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve and provlde background information and management direction for the site. Section 8 outlines the L requirements for continued implementation and review of this document. Management direction specified in this SCI will serve to protect the conservation reserve for the benefit of all Ontario residents. This direction will comply with conservation reserve L management as represented in the Ontario's Living Legacy Land Use Strategy (LUS) (OMNR 1999) and associated policy clarification statements. Additionally, this conservation reserve will be managed under the Public Lands Act (OMNR 1997a), and will comply with all legal L requirements as specified under the Environmental Assessment Act (R.S.O. 1990, Chapter E.18). L 1.1 Provincial Context Ontario's network of natural heritage areas has been established to protect and conserve areas representative of the diversity of the natural regions of the province, including the L species, habitats, features, and ecological systems which comprise that natural diversity. Protected natural heritage areas are a key component in the sustainable management of natural resources. They ensure that representative sites within the larger managed l landscape are retained in as natural a state as possible. Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve now forms part of Ontario's network of natural L heritage areas and protects prcvinclellv significant bedrock outcroppings of jasper conglomerates known as puddingstone, which are members of the Lorrain Formation of the Canadian Precambrian Shield. Best representations of the puddingstone occur within the site at two sets of waterfalls: Ceolin Falls and the upper falls. This conservation reserve is 1 located in the Boland River Valley and includes a 2-km section of the Boland River which provides important habitat for brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). On-site forest communities are dominated by white pine (Pinus strobus), balsam fir (Abies balsamea) and white birch L (Betula papyrifera) on sandy glacial till. Eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis) populates shore fen communities lining the river. 1 The Ministry of Natural Resources has established conservation reserves as a tool to protect natural heritage areas on public lands, while permitting most traditional public land uses to continue. These uses include recreational activities, such as hunting and fishing, and the traditional activities of Aboriginal communities, as defined under applicable Aboriginal L treaties. Lands designated as conservation reserves are removed from the Sustainable Forest License area, and mining and surface rights are withdrawn from staking under the l Mining Act (RSO 1990 Chapter M.14). The LUS (OMNR 1999) and subsequent policy clarification statements (OMNR 2000) outline the general land use policy and management direction for new conservation reserves. Each L new conservation reserve will have a planning document, either a SCI or, in more complex situations, a Resource Management Plan, that details site-specific management direction. L Ministry of Natural Resources 1 L L Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve Statement of Conservation Interest L 2.0 Goal and Objectives of the SCI 2.1 Goal l The goal of this SCI is to provide the framework and the direction to guide management decisions affecting Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve. L 2.2 Objectives L The followlnq objectives are identified as the means to achieve the above stated goal: • To describe the site's current state of the resource in terms of its values and existing L uses and activities.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • November/December 2001
    TRAIL ALKER NEW YORK-NEW JERSEY TRAIL CONFERENCE...MAINTAININGW OVER 1500 MILES OF FOOT TRAILS NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2001 The Twin Towers were gone. On the far horizon, half an outstretched fist south The View No More of the Empire State Building, the blue sky was wounded by billowing smoke. Stand- By Glenn Scherer ing on that ridge that morning, I knew the rescue workers hadn’t even begun to count September 12th: I woke up feeling the the dead. I found a spot next to a pitch need for a walk. I drove out to Longhouse pine and sat. Road, strapped on a water bottle, and I had hiked to this vista with my wife started through the woods on the Appala- Marty only the week before and seen the chian Trail toward Bearfort Ridge. Towers. How could we have imagined I’ve walked the Trail in this part of then that we would never see them again? northern New Jersey often, but it was as Memories rose with the smoke. I recalled quiet as I’ve ever heard it, with only crickets taking my brother’s family to the Trade and crows, the squeaking of my boots, and Center Observation Deck on a crisp De- the silence overhead utterly without planes. cember morning 15 years ago. We had The witch hazel, the only tree to flower looked off toward the Highlands and I had in autumn, hadn’t blossomed yet, but its pointed to this ridge. leaves were trimmed in yellow. I crossed On another Twin Towers visit, I had a dry creek bed where there should have watched the Dalai Lama’s saffron-robed been water.
    [Show full text]
  • A Roxbury Review: Conglomerates of Greater Boston
    C2-1 A ROXBURY REVIEW by Margaret D. Thompson, Department of Geosciences, Wellesley College Anne M. Grunow, Byrd Polar Research Center, Ohio State University INTRODUCTION Conglomerate throughout the Boston Basin in eastern Massachusetts (Fig. 1) has long been called after the Roxbury district of Boston (early references in Holmes, 1859 and Shaler, 1869) and subdivided into three members typified by strata in the encircling communities of Brookline, Dorchester and the Squantum section of Quincy, MA (Emerson, 1917). NEIGC field trips, beginning with one led by W.O. Crosby in 1905, and also GSA-related field trips have provided regular opportunities for generations of geologists to debate the depositional settings of all of these rocks, particularly the possible glacial origin of the Squantum "Tillite". It appears, however, that none of these outings has ever included a stop in Roxbury itself (Table I and lettered localities in Fig. 1). A main purpose of this trip will be to visit the nominal Roxbury type locality in a section of the historic quarries where recent re-development includes the newly opened Puddingstone Park. Other stops will permit comparison of type Roxbury Conglomerate with other rocks traditionally assigned to this formation and highlight geochronological and paleomagnetic data bearing on the ages of these units. Table I. Forty Years of Field Trips in the Roxbury Conglomerate Stop locations Trip leader(s)/year Title (listed alphabetically; (abbreviations below) Caldwell (1964) The Squantum Formation: Paleozoic Tillite or
    [Show full text]
  • Geology of the Wakomata Lake Area; District of Algoma
    THESE TERMS GOVERN YOUR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT Your use of this Ontario Geological Survey document (the “Content”) is governed by the terms set out on this page (“Terms of Use”). By downloading this Content, you (the “User”) have accepted, and have agreed to be bound by, the Terms of Use. Content: This Content is offered by the Province of Ontario’s Ministry of Northern Development and Mines (MNDM) as a public service, on an “as-is” basis. Recommendations and statements of opinion expressed in the Content are those of the author or authors and are not to be construed as statement of government policy. You are solely responsible for your use of the Content. You should not rely on the Content for legal advice nor as authoritative in your particular circumstances. Users should verify the accuracy and applicability of any Content before acting on it. MNDM does not guarantee, or make any warranty express or implied, that the Content is current, accurate, complete or reliable. MNDM is not responsible for any damage however caused, which results, directly or indirectly, from your use of the Content. MNDM assumes no legal liability or responsibility for the Content whatsoever. Links to Other Web Sites: This Content may contain links, to Web sites that are not operated by MNDM. Linked Web sites may not be available in French. MNDM neither endorses nor assumes any responsibility for the safety, accuracy or availability of linked Web sites or the information contained on them. The linked Web sites, their operation and content are the responsibility of the person or entity for which they were created or maintained (the “Owner”).
    [Show full text]
  • Bedrock Geology of Newton
    Introduction to the Bedrock Geology of Newton Editor’s Note: This article is based on a field trip Newton Conservators’ Vice President Chris Hepburn has led in the past around different sites in Newton. Chris is a geologist and retired professor of geology from Boston College specializing in igneous and metamorphic rocks, geochemistry, and plate tectonics applied to the formation of the Appalachians. The next field trip is scheduled for Saturday, October 27 at 9 am. See page 11 of this newsletter for more information. “Yet a lump of puddingstone is a thing to look at, to think about, to study over, to dream upon, to go crazy with, to beat one’s brains out against.” — Oliver Wendell Holmes, The Professor at the Breakfast- table (after Rehmer and Roy, 1976) The rocks of the Boston area have been the subject of study and debate for almost as long as geology has been a science, starting in the early 1800s. It is fun to note the evolution of geological ideas as one reads the older literature and to observe the influence these rocks have had on it, given the famous early geologists who lived and worked in the Boston PHOTO: KEN MALLORY area. However, to adequately reference all the geological Chris Hepburn previews a geology walk at Hammond Pond. work upon which this field trip is based is clearly not The rocks of Newton are part of the Boston basin, a fault possible here. bounded sedimentary basin that formed within an ancient volcanic arc in the latest Precambrian geological era, about Newton is underlain by three geological formations with 600-585 million years ago (Thompson, 2014).
    [Show full text]
  • A Walk Back in Time the Ruth Canstein Yablonsky Self-Guided Geology Trail
    The cross section below shows the rocks of the Watchung Reservation and surrounding area, revealing the relative positions of the lava flows that erupted in this region and the sedimentary rock layers between them. A Walk Back in Time The Ruth Canstein Yablonsky Self-Guided Geology Trail click here to view on a smart phone NOTES Trailside Nature & Science Center 452 New Providence Road, Mountainside, NJ A SERVICE OF THE UNION COUNTY BOARD OF UNION COUNTY (908) 789-3670 CHOSEN FREEHOLDERS We’re Connected to You! The Ruth Canstein Yablonsky Glossary basalt a fine-grained, dark-colored Mesozoic a span of geologic time from Self-Guided Geology Trail igneous rock. approximately 225 million years ago to 71 million years This booklet will act as a guide for a short hike to interpret the geological history bedrock solid rock found in the same area as it was formed. ago, and divided into of the Watchung Reservation. The trail is about one mile long, and all the stops smaller units called Triassic, described in this booklet are marked with corresponding numbers on the trail. beds layers of sedimentary rock. Jurassic and Cretaceous. conglomerate sedimentary rock made of oxidation a chemical reaction “Watchung” is a Lenape word meaning “high hill”. The Watchung Mountains have an rounded pebbles cemented combining with oxygen. elevation of about 600 feet above sea level. As you travel southeast, these high hills are the together by a mineral last rise before the gently rolling lowland that extends from Rt. 22 through appropriately substance (matrix) . Pangaea supercontinent that broke named towns like Westfield and Plainfield to the Jersey shore.
    [Show full text]
  • Tour De Grave Historical Notes 2012
    Tour de Grave Historical Notes 2012 There are about 125 cemeteries in Boston, including ones owned by private for-profits, nonprofit and religious groups, and the city. There are 19 municipal cemeteries, the largest number of any city in the United States of which 16 are considered historic. Only 3 of the municipal sites still accept new burials. (The Historic Burying Grounds Initiative – for municipal sites established between 1630 and 1841 – was created in 1986 as a public-private effort to upgrade and maintain these properties.) Since the 1800s, Massachusetts state law requires that “each town shall provide one or more suitable places for the internment of persons dying within its limits,” which has been typically interpreted as requiring services for the indigent. Boston uses Fairview Cemetery in Hyde Park for this purpose, with unmarked numbered graves. (The regular cost of a double vault is $2,588.) There are more than 42,000 sites at Fairview and more than 195,000 in Mt. Hope Cemetery in Roslindale, the city’s largest. With the potential for another 2,000 sites in Fairview, and the redesign of some cemeteries to downsize roads and other unused space, the city hopes to meet the demand into the 2020s. EVOVLING AESTHETICS AND PRACTICES In medieval Europe, people were buried as close to the Church as possible, often in the ground immediately surrounding the building on which congregants walked, held markets, and celebrated festivals in what can be seen as a kind of public square. The rich and powerful were buried inside the Church, as close as possible to the alter.
    [Show full text]
  • The Glacial Geology of New York City and Vicinity, P
    Sanders, J. E., and Merguerian, Charles, 1994b, The glacial geology of New York City and vicinity, p. 93-200 in A. I. Benimoff, ed., The Geology of Staten Island, New York, Field guide and proceedings, The Geological Association of New Jersey, XI Annual Meeting, 296 p. John E. Sanders* and Charles Merguerian Department of Geology 114 Hofstra University Hempstead, NY 11549 *Office address: 145 Palisade St. Dobbs Ferry, NY 10522 ABSTRACT The fundamental question pertaining to the Pleistocene features of the New York City region is: "Did one glacier do it all? or was more than one glacier involved?" Prior to Fuller's (1914) monographic study of Long Island's glacial stratigraphy, the one-glacier viewpoint of T. C. Chamberlin and R. D. Salisbury predominated. In Fuller's classification scheme, he included products of 4 glacial advances. In 1936, MacClintock and Richards rejected two of Fuller's key age assignments, and made a great leap backward to the one-glacier interpretation. Subsequently, most geologists have accepted the MacClintock-Richards view and have ignored Fuller's work; during the past half century, the one-glacial concept has become a virtual stampede. What is more, most previous workers have classified Long Island's two terminal- moraine ridges as products of the latest Pleistocene glaciation (i. e., Woodfordian; we shall italicize Pleistocene time terms). Fuller's age assignment was Early Wisconsinan. A few exceptions to the one-glacier viewpoint have been published. In southern CT, Flint (1961) found two tills: an upper Hamden Till with flow indicators oriented NNE-SSW, and a lower Lake Chamberlain Till with flow indicators oriented NNW-SSE, the same two directions of "diluvial currents" shown by Percival (1842).
    [Show full text]
  • Boston Building Stone Walking Tour 2010
    BOSTON BUILDING STONE WALKING TOUR 2010 HISTORIC USES OF STONE IN BOSTON The first recorded use of building stone was in 1650, when the house of Deacon John Phillips was built from local granite boulders. The house stood until 1864. The oldest stone building still extant is King’s Chapel (stop 5), built in 1749-54 of hand-split blocks from Quincy granite boulders. Streets were formerly paved with cobblestones and cut granite paving blocks, still visible in the historic districts and, in places, at the bottoms of potholes. Starting in 1792 gneissic granite was shipped from Connecticut for curbing and paving, and beginning in the early 19th century most curbing was made of granite, initially from Chelmsford, MA. Unlike many areas outside of the northeast, stone is still used routinely for street curbing. Prior to the Great Depression granite curbing and paving blocks were supplied from New England quarries, most commonly from quarries located near the coast. Currently active sources of granite curbing for the Boston market are quarries in the Chelmsford granite (quarries located in Westford, Mass.), the Concord Granite in Concord, New Hampshire, and a grey granite near Otis, Massachusetts. Stone was also used for sidewalks. We will walk on various types of granite as well as “bluestone,” a fine-grained arkose from the Catskill Mountains, during our trip today. STONE IN OLDER BUILDINGS Prior to the use of steel framing for building, massive stone blocks of local building stones were used for load- bearing walls of buildings. The proximity of Boston to several sources of granite has made this a granite-rich city, at least in the commercial districts.
    [Show full text]
  • The Geology and Early History of the Boston Area of Massachusetts, a Bicentennial Approach
    Depository THE GEOLOGY AND EARLY HISTORY OF THE BOSTON AREA OF MASSACHUSETTS, A BICENTENNIAL APPROACH OHK> STATE 4*21 »*tf JNfe. "Jt; RT TT T THE GEOLOGY AND EARLY HISTORY OF THE BOSTON AREA OF MASSACHUSETTS, A BICENTENNIAL APPROACH * h By Clifford A. Kaye *" GEOLOGICAL, SURVEY BULLETIN 1476 The role of geology in the important events that took place around Boston 200 years ago UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1976 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Thomas S. Kleppe, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Kaye, Clifford Alan, 1916- The geology and early history of the Boston area of Massachusetts. (Geological Survey bulletin ; 1476) Bibliography: p. Supt. of Docs, no.: I 19.3:1476 1. Geology Massachusetts Boston. 2. Boston History. I. Title. II. Series: United States. Geological Survey. Bulletin ; 1476. QE75.B9 no. 1476 [QE124.B6] 557.3'08s [974.4'61'02] 76-608107 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Stock Number 024-001-02817-4 CONTENTS Page Introduction ________________________:__ I Geologic setting of the Boston area 1 Pre-Pleistocene geologic history ________________ 2 The Pleistocene Epoch or the Ice Age ___________ 3 Early settlements _____________ ___________ 7 The Pilgrims of Plymouth __ __ 7 The Puritans of Boston ___ __________ 13 Ground water, wells, and springs ___ _______ 14 Earthquake of November 18, 1755 ____________ 16 The gathering storm _______ ____ ______ 18 Paul Revere's ride
    [Show full text]
  • Callander Geodiversity Trail
    Callander Geodiversity Trail 25 Callander Geodiversity Trail Stories in the Landscape This booklet briefly describes the rocks and landforms along the trails around Callander. It complements the Callander Paths leaflet and the Callander Heritage Trail booklet ‘Stories in the Stones’. The place we now call Callander has been shaped by extraordinary forces over millennia. It may be hard to believe nowadays, but where we now stand was once a desert-like region south of the Equator, before continental drift brought the landforms together to create Scotland. A series of Ice Ages have left their mark, from the slow advance of the ice sheets, thousands of metres thick, to the grinding of the glaciers which carved out the glens. The streams and rivers which ran within the ice have left their traces as eskers, most notably near the Roman Camp Hotel, and the last remnant of the retreating glaciers, the Callander Moraine, remains at the east end of the town to tell its story. A major geological feature, a little over 2 km to the north-west of Callander, is the Highland Boundary Fault, a near-vertical fracture that penetrates deep into the Earth’s crust, crossing Scotland from coast to coast, from Arran in the south-west to Stonehaven in the north-east, and separating the Grampian Highlands to the north from the Midland Valley to the south. All of these events have left evidence for us to investigate, and this booklet will show you where some of that evidence is to be found. 1 26 To the north of the Fault the rocks are mostly much older than 480 million years: Dalradian rocks consisting mainly of metamorphosed sandstones (psammite) and mudstones (schist and slate) that may be seen at the Falls of Leny.
    [Show full text]
  • Geopetal Structures As Diagnostic
    Cap structures as diagnostic indicators of silcrete origin 1 CAP STRUCTURES AS DIAGNOSTIC INDICATORS OF 2 SILCRETE ORIGIN 3 4 J. Stewart Ullyott a,*, David J. Nash a,b, Jennifer M. Huggett c 5 6 a School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom 7 b School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Private 8 Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa 9 c Petroclays Ltd, The Oast, Sandy Cross Lane, Heathfield, East Sussex TN21 8QP, United Kingdom 10 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 1273 642267; Fax: +44 1273 642285. Email address: 11 [email protected] (J.S. Ullyott) 12 13 14 ABSTRACT 15 Cap structures within silcretes have long been used as a diagnostic indicator of pedogenic 16 silicification. However, a growing number of studies of the micromorphology of non- 17 pedogenic silcretes indicate that this may no longer be appropriate. This paper presents 18 the first systematic investigation of the micro-fabric, geochemistry and mineralogy of cap 19 structures in groundwater silcretes, through an analysis of conglomeratic varieties 20 (puddingstones) from the southern UK. Our results suggest that cap structures in 21 groundwater silcretes fall within a spectrum of types, related to the degree of sorting in the 22 inter-gravel host sediment. At one end of this spectrum are well-defined caps within 23 otherwise well-sorted, overgrowth-dominated silcretes. These caps exhibit a grain- 24 supported fabric, are cemented by micro- and/or cryptocrystalline silica, and contain 25 floating silt-sized quartz and Ti-oxide grains.
    [Show full text]
  • A Building Stone Atlas of Hertfordshire
    Strategic Stone Study A Building Stone Atlas of Hertfordshire Published August 2018 Contents The Church of St Ippolyts (page 25) Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 Hertfordshire Bedrock Geology Map ................................................................................................................2 Hertfordshire Superficial Geology Map ............................................................................................................3 Stratigraphic Table ............................................................................................................................................4 The use of stone in Hertfordshire’s buildings ............................................................................................. 5-17 Background and historical context ........................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Chiltern Hills .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 East Anglian Chalk ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8 Thames
    [Show full text]