Improving Quality of Life Through Transit Hubs
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IMPROVING QUALITY OF LIFE THROUGH TRANSIT HUBS Delivering City Value and Prosperity with Mobility Oriented Developments Transit hubs are no longer simply a place where the traveler arrives or departs. The facilities in and around the hub make the area a destination itself and can provide a ripple effect that encourages investment in the Yet, these are only two aspects of Arcadis’ integrated approach to area, generates new revenue a city’s mobility story. The facilities such transit-related developments INTRODUCTION: streams and boosts wider in and around a major airport is called Mobility Oriented or train station make the area a Development, or MODe. With prosperity. destination itself. In today’s urban MODe, we focus on the integration Every city is dependent on mobility. settings, transit hubs cannot be of four key elements that bring THE ARCADIS MOBILITY Mobility enables people, goods (re)developed without regard for value to transit-hubs: connectivity, and ideas to move in, out and the surrounding area. At their best, urban environment, social within our cities, whether on its transit hubs should provide a ripple placemaking and economic roads or in the air. As urban centers effect that encourages investment, development. By quantifying these ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT continue to increase in size and generates new revenue streams elements, refined according to density, mobility is becoming a and improves the overall quality of our extensive global experience more pressing issue for a city’s life in their neighborhood. and observations of developed best practices, we have created a BENCHMARKING residents. In today’s cities, journey The challenges each city and rigorous framework by which to times are increasing and transport neighborhood faces differ: every compare transit hubs. This allows infrastructure is under greater city has its own unique mobility us to see, like never before, their pressure than ever. needs and every transport INDEX (MODex) untapped potential. development has its own goals. Yet there are some considerations common to all of them. These This report is an update to the include the need to maximize inaugural issue, Our Mobile stakeholder alignment and Future: Delivering City Value involvement; the generation of and Prosperity Through Mobility sufficient funding and return on Oriented Developments, released investment; the provision of more in 2015. efficient and affordable transport; capitalizing on a transit-hub's placemaking; preparedness for new technologies and improving passenger experience. These considerations, though on different scales depending on the city and project in question, are important factors for international and city-level mobility, as well the (re) development of transportation hubs. Developing a modern transit model requires extensive future planning and development. But, it also means ensuring that the full social, Bas Bollinger environmental and economic Mobility Expert - Urban Transport and Mobility potential of existing transit hubs is Oriented Development exploited. By looking at the leading practices among transportation professionals and city planners, as well as missed opportunities Rotterdam Central Station observed at transit-hub developments around the world, we can gain valuable insights into approaches that will allow us to optimize multi-mode transit- hub designs. 2 3 MODe: Evolving Transit-related Development Mobility Oriented Development (MODe) is an evolution of transit-related planning and execution. MODe contributes to looking It provides transit choices at the bigger picture such as that connect and improve the following: mobility and people’s lives. • Sustains ridership MODe ensures transit hubs • Discourages driving are maximally efficient in their • Anticipates new forms of main task - transporting people mobility and goods - and generate • Makes walking and biking safer greater prosperity for both • Adds a mix of uses citizens and investors. • Offers diverse placemaking • Supports transit usage. MODe serves both public and Figure 1: Overall MODex Scores private stakeholders. By attracting This way of thinking allows US: New York Grand Central Terminal additional private investments, developers to think not only in MODe can maximize the return on the present, but also equips them US: Washington Union Station investment in both the transit hub for future changes, while also AS: Hong Kong HKU Station and the surrounding areas. This in allowing public authorities to turn helps to accelerate social and better understand how to realize EU: Paris Gare du Nord Train Station economic development in the area. a development’s financial potential. EU: Rotterdam Central Station Mobility oriented development Rotterdam Central Station UK: London King’s Cross/St Pancras aims to shift thinking from single- EU: Madrid Principe Pio minded rail mobility, to providing citizens with a full range of mobility US: Denver Union Station options as they live, work, learn AS: Beijing Wangjing Station and play in high-quality urban LA: São Paulo Pinheiros Metro Station environments. Every option must be considered, from walking, LA: São Paulo Luz Station cycling and bus transport to EU: Amsterdam Zuid Station Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Light AUS: Sydney Martin Place Station Rapid Transit (LRT), metro and aviation. Whereas transit-related EU: Amsterdam Bijlmer Arena developments are traditionally EU: Berlin Hauptbahnhof designed to do the following: EU: Amsterdam Central Station • Induce ridership EU: Lyon Part Dieu • Reduce driving AS: Shanghai Longyang Road Station • Increase walking and biking US: Dallas Mockingbird Station • Add convenience EU: Brussels Midi/Zuid • Increase density AUS: Melbourne Southern Cross Station • Encourage overall transit use. UK: London Wimbledon Station UK: London Euston Station US: Los Angeles Union Station AUS: Sydney Chatswood Station AUS: Sydney Central Station LA: Santiago La Cisterna 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 4 5 The Arcadis MODe Courtesy: Denver Union Station Benchmarking Index assesses a transit hub by comparing it to global best practices. It defines the overall value of integrated development at and around transit- hubs. The Index has been constructed using indicators that measure the quality of the key elements that bring value to a development. In this way, a transit hub can be Denver Union Station compared before and after its redevelopment, increases understanding of how Figure 2: Score by Indicator sustainable multi-modal urban US: New York Grand Central Terminal environments can be created New York Grand Central Station and the main factors that US: Washington Union Station optimize them for wider AS: Hong Kong HKU Station social benefit. EU: Paris Gare du Nord Train Station EU: Rotterdam Central Station The Benchmarking Index, UK: London King’s Cross/St Pancras THE ARCADIS MODE MODex, reveals the potential of existing or future EU: Madrid Principe Pio developments by providing US: Denver Union Station BENCHMARKING INDEX the following: AS: Beijing Wangjing Station • The ability to investigate how LA: São Paulo Pinheiros Metro Station far investment in a transit-hub LA: São Paulo Luz Station (MODex): contributes to the success and REALIZING THE EU: Amsterdam Zuid Station added value of the multi-modal urban environment, including AUS: Sydney Martin Place Station higher property values, public EU: Amsterdam Bijlmer Arena VALUE OF MOBILITY spaces and increased revenue for local businesses EU: Berlin Hauptbahnhof • The ability to find out where EU: Amsterdam Central Station ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT there is room for improvement EU: Lyon Part Dieu • The quantification of qualitative AS: Shanghai Longyang Road Station measures US: Dallas Mockingbird Station • A global performance EU: Brussels Midi/Zuid comparison of multi-modal “It’s exciting to see the private development that was sparked and continues to grow as a AUS: Melbourne Southern Cross Station result of the redevelopment of Denver Union Station. The Union Station area is truly a major urban environments according to a range of transit-hub UK: London Wimbledon Station destination in the metro area with its vast options for entertainment and business that can key values. UK: London Euston Station easily be reached with our world-class transit facility and services.” US: Los Angeles Union Station Dave Genova, AUS: Sydney Chatswood Station Denver Regional Transportation District General Manager and CEO AUS: Sydney Central Station LA: Santiago La Cisterna 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% URBAN SOCIAL ECONOMIC TRANSITHUB ENVIRONMENT PLACEMAKING DEVELOPMENT CONNECTIVITY 6 7 MODex addresses four key indicators, each built from several specific variables. Each variable has its own set of values to measure the score of the development and compare it to others: 1 Transit-hub Connectivity Describes the quality of the transit hub in relation to the variety and quantity of transit modalities, its proximity to other important locations and facilities, and its provision of comfort to the traveler. 2 Urban Environment Assesses the urban form of the environment and how sustainable it is. Urban form is determined by variables such as an area’s density and whether a development is mixed-use. 3 Social Placemaking Weighs variables that contribute to a vibrant and multimodal urban environment. These include factors such as the quality of the public space and the variety of public facilities within the transit zone. A new parameter to this indicator has been added, safety and security, to assess the resilience of a transit