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PT101:Georeferencing of Some Fabaceous Species in Guru Nanak Dev University Campus, Amritsar

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PT101:Georeferencing of Some Fabaceous Species in Guru Nanak Dev University Campus, Amritsar Plenary Presentation -1- PL001:Biotic stress management through eco-friendly measures in Tomato (SolanumlycopersicumL.) R. K. Gupta Division of Vegetable Science and Floriculture Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Jammu Email: [email protected] Abstract Tomato [Solanumlycopersicum L.(2n= 2x= 24)] belongs to family–Solanaceae which is reported to have around 96 genera and 3000 species. t originated in Andes mountainous region of Peru-Ecuador-Bolivia).The cultivated tomato ranks 2nd in area and productionafter potato in the world. Because of wider adaptability, it is grown in areas ranging from plains to mid/high hill regions across the country. It is considered rich in nutritive value and medicinal properties. Tomato has demonstrated higher productivity using chemical fertilizers and pesticides. But indiscriminate use of the chemical fertilizers and pesticides for obtaining higher yield has affected quality and caused harm to soil and human health. On the contrary, yield potential under organic production is relatively poo due to attack of insect-pests, nematodes. Fungal, viral and bacterial diseases and quality of freits gets affected badly. The two experiments were conducted at SKUAST – Jammu using 20 treatment combinations with five varieties (V1 - DVRT 2, V2 –ArkaSaurabh, V3–ArkaMeghali, V4–ArkaAbha and V5– ArkaVikas) and four substrates (S1 - NPK@120:60:60 kg/ha, S2 - FYM @10t/ha + Vermicompost @5t/ha + Neem Cake@2t/ha, S3 - FYM @10t/ha + Vermicompost @5t/ha + Mustard Cake@2t/ha and S4 - FYM @5t/ha+ Vermicompost @2.5t/ha + Neem Cake@1t/ha + Mustard Cake@1t/ha) in main season tomato grown in open. Data were recorded on yield and quality traits; and incidence of nematodes, fruit borer, leaf curl and wilt . The results revealed significant differences among varieties for all 17 traits in two experiments ( On Previous Fallow and Previous Knolkhol). Differences among nutrient substrates, and interaction of varieties and organic substrates were significant in both the experiments for most of the traits. Pooled analysis of variance revealed varietal differences. But incidence of nematodes, fruit borer and leaf curl was maximum in S1 treatment having inorganic fertilizers and maximum in other treatments with organic fertilizers. Nematode incidence was minimum in DVRT-2 with 13.37 galls/plant and 338.39 eggs/egg mass in S2. Maximum galls/plant were found in ArkaAbha (33.68 ) in S1 where inorganic fertilizers were added. Fruit borer incidence was maximum DVRT-2 ( 19.98 % ) in S1 and minimum in ArkaVikas ( 11.72 % ) in S3. Leaf curl incidence was maximum in ArkaVikas in S1 and minimum in ArkaSaurabh in S2, Wilt incidence was minimum (11.53 %) in DVRT-2 in S2 and maximum (19.74 % ) in ArkaAbha in S1. Most of the quality traits expressed relatively higher values but varietal differences in treatments with organic nutrient substrates. Among host plants, ArkaMeghali ranked first in quality, DVRT-2 expressed minimum nematode and wilt incidence while ArkaVikas had minimum fruit borer incidence on specific organic substrates. Phermone traps and crude Chrysanthemum, marigold and Eucalyptus laef extracts were proved useful in uniform application, Key words: Tomato, biotic stress, organic substrates, nematode, leaf curl, Fruit borer -2- PL002:Cyanobacterial Diversity and Toxicity Study in Paddy Field Cyanobacteria from North-Western Region of India S K Bhatnagar* and Rizwana Tabassum College of Biotechnology, SVP University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut 250110 *E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Cyanobacteria has emerged as a potential microorganism for agricultural revolution. Sixty cyanobacterial strains belonging to fourteen genera were isolated from the paddy fields from eight locations of North-Western region of India in order to study their abundance and diversity, which is relatively less explored area, most particularly in the paddy fields of this region. The distribution of cyanobacteria was more in the soil of Rampur district (263 X 104 CFU g-1) in comparison to that of Bareilly district (205 X 104 CFU g-1). The isolates obtained varied widely in their morphological and biochemical characteristics, which helped in their characterization. Nostoc showed highest number of CFU followed by Phormidium and Anabaena while Cylindrospermum was least abundant. However, Phormidium exhibited highest number of strains isolated from these soil samples, followed by; Anabaena and Nostoc. Diversity indices for cyanobacteria showed differential values for the places under present study. N-assimilatory parameters differed significantly amongst the isolates of different genera. Some isolates depicted presence of antialgal compounds especially in the hexane extract as compared to the methanolic extract. Hexane extract from Anabaena was most efficient in producing antialgal compounds followed by Westiellopsis, Nostoc, Cylindrospermum and Microchaete. Keywords: Biofertilizer; Cyanobacteria; Diversity indices; Paddy fields; Toxicity study PL003:Understanding Secondary Metabolism in Coleus forskohlii Sumit G. Gandhi Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, India *Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract A variety of organic compounds are synthesized by plants, which are classified as primary or secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites are phytochemicals that are not required for normal growth of the plant, but may provide unique survival advantages in a particular ecological niche. Nearly 60% of all US-FDA approved drugs are natural products (mostly secondary metabolites), natural product analogues or their derivatives. Secondary metabolites are also useful as dyes, flavors, fragrances, insecticides etc.Coleusforskohlii (Willd.)Briq. (Lamiaceae) is an herb possessing antihypertensive activity by virtue of production of a labdanediterpene „forskolin‟, which is a potent and reversible activator of adenylatecyclase. We are employing various molecular tools to understand the biosynthetic pathways of forskolin and related secondary metabolites in C. forskohlii. Genes involved in the upstream MEP/MVA pathway that provide precursors for forskolin biosynthesis were identified and -3- characterized. Cytochrome P450s that play critical roles in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, including forskolin, were also identified and characterized using a systems level analysis. This information will be useful to generate these compounds in larger quantities in heterologous microbial or plant hosts. For a successful metabolic engineering effort in the plant, not only the biosynthetic pathway, but its transport mechanism and accumulation pattern also needs to be understood. Towards this end, we have started looking at the ABC transporters which may play a role in the transport of forskolin and related labdanes.We have also looked at the dynamics of rhizoshpheremicrofloraviz-a-viz the growth of C. forskohlii and accumulation of forskolin, to possibly get an idea about the ecological roles of this metabolite. We have also looked at endophytes associated with this plant and assessed their ability to produce phytochemicals or other bioactives.The talk would thus cover our studies on various aspects of secondary metabolism in of C. forskohlii. PL004:Biotechnological interventions for genetic improvement of some horticultural and forestry crops D. K. Srivastava Department of Biotechnology Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh. Abstract In the present scenario, population is increasing at an exponential rate and the land resources are getting depleted and dwindled because of over-industrialization and globalization. It would become a very herculean task to feed this ever-growing population in the coming years. Due to the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, the inherent capacity of our land resources has reached a plateau phase. Further, the varieties developed through conventional breeding techniques have also reached the stagnation phase of yield enhancement almost in all crops. The unexpected effects of climate change along with various biotic stresses are imposing new threats to our food system. Biotechnology is regarded as the harbinger to mitigate the challenges of various biotic and abiotic stresses, and modern biotechnological and molecular biology tools are now being used for yield enhancement, may be by transgenic development, cisgenic development or gene knock outs using genome editing technologies like Crispar/Cas. This work will summarize various research initiatives taken to standardize high frequency plant regeneration protocol in some horticultural crops including cauliflower, cabbage, tomato, broccoli, lettuce, cucumber, strawberry, watermelon, and forestry crops including Populusciliata and P. deltoides. Genetic fidelity had also been studied in some of the crops to check the true to type nature of the regenerated plantlets. Further genetic transformation system using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene (gus&npt-II) transfer had been optimized in these crops. Insect resistant plants have been developed for cauliflower, cabbage, tomato, broccoli and Himalayan poplar using cryIAa and cryIAb genes. Chitinase gene had been transferred to tomato and lettuce for incorporation of disease resistance. Transgenic Himalayan poplar plants harboring CAD (cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase) gene in antisense orientation has been developed to reduce the lignin composition of its wood, which
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