CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019)
CHANDIGARH GROUP OF COLLEGES
Vision
“To emerge as the most preferred educational group with global recognition, developing competent and socially sensitive leaders committed to excellence.”
Mission
To make incessant endeavour to translate our vision into a reality & achieve the following objectives:
To create world class facilities & ambience for advance level of teaching and practical training.
To develop students as global citizens with conscience, commitment & education.
To continuously grow & become fountain head among institutes of Technical Higher Education in India.
To strengthen industry-institute interface & promote Entrepreneurial development activities.
To continuously strive for research, development & innovation in all relevant fields, thereby providing the faculty & students the requisite platform to showcase their talents & win laurels.
To have collaboration with leading Universities of the world with a view to provide opportunities to the students for higher studies & seek placement avenues abroad.
To maintain the first position in placements in the North region, thereby ensuring that every CGC'ian gets the best possible placement opportunities.
Quality Policy
To provide world class infrastructure, equipment & well qualified faculty for all round growth of the students including their competence and overall personality meeting ever-growing expectations of society.
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ABOUT CHANDIGARH GROUP OF COLLEGES
The heritage campus, Chandigarh Group of Colleges Landran, stretching back to a decade and half is superlative in giving professional education to the students from all corners of the country. It has gradually developed into present day's healthy challenging environment with state of the art facilities.
Established with the vision to be the most preferred educational institution with global recognition, Chandigarh Group of Colleges has come out to be one of the leading technical campuses of the country. The group commenced its journey in the year 2001 with strength of only 100 students and with two programmes. Today, the campus has more than 15000 students across 15 programmes. CGC offers 30 different professional courses in the diverse fields of Engineering, Computer Applications, Business Management, Pharmacy, Bio-Technology, Hotel Management, Education (B.Ed.) Airlines-Tourism, Animation, Pharma-Chemistry and Journalism & Mass Communication.
CGC is recognized as Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (SIRO) by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR), Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India for promoting and advancing the research. CGC has emerged to be the leader in unique learning methods, path breaking researches and grooming personality of the students. The enviable growth of CGC has been made possible by the contribution of the faculty in fostering an academically exhilarating, creative and harmonious environment. Due to the unfliinching endeavors of the faculty, students here are taught to succeed even as they take their first step towards their career. This is reflected in the almost 100% placement record for all eligible students of CGC.
To continue the legacy of record-breaking placements year after year at CGC, a 360 degree Training and Placement program (TPP) has been designed which works on honing the aptitude, technical, professional and interpersonal skills of the students. The team at CGC has involved large number of senior academicians and industry experts to brainstorm and discuss the required skill sets a student requires to get placed in top-notch companies. The main objective of this
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) program is to make students industry-ready and ensures that each member of this program gets quality placement.
We at CGC strongly believe in building a strong foundation for corporate interface through excellent innovative practices. Our students are made to undertake industry projects, presentations, case studies, research work and working as trainees to get practical experience of industrial working environment.
We are putting consistent efforts to collaborate universities and colleges of international repute to provide world class exposure to our students. CGC has entered into a joint venture with number of foreign universities, such as Hogeschool, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Niels Brock Copenhagen Business Academy, Denmark; International University of Business, Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Thomas More Kempen (formerly K.H. Kempen University College), Geel, Belgium; New College, Durham, UK etc.
These eminent collaborations facilitate the students and faculty for teaching, research and training. Being a far reaching programme, it aims at free exchange of faculty and students to pursue higher studies and allow them experience the international study culture.
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019)
ABOUT DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY CHANDIGARH COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHANDIGARH GROUP OF COLLEGES, LANDRAN, MOHALI (PB.)
Ground breaking discoveries during 20th century in the field of physics and engineering has changed the way we live now. Similar pattern of change and advancement is being followed in 21st century driven by innovations and discoveries in biology and medicine. Biotechnology is the integral part of advanced biological research which has applications in areas ranging from agriculture, medicine, diagnostics, environmental sciences and food technology to basic sciences of physics, chemistry and mathematics. We are not far away when every product that we consume whether it is medicine or food will be of biological or natural origin and not of chemical or synthetic origin. Biotechnology involves detailed study of basic and applied biosciences including biochemistry, genetics, molecular biology, biophysics, chemistry, basic mathematics, computer sciences, fermentation technology and many other specialized subjects depending upon person's particular interest.
Considering the rapid pace of innovation in the area of biotechnology, elevated degree of specialized knowledge and skill is required to build a winning career. Department of Biotechnology established in year 2006, provides courses in B.Sc. Biotechnology and M.Sc. Biotechnology which enables students to gain insight in the field and develop them as employable candidates or as job creators.
We have facilities of well equipped Molecular Biology Laboratory, Plant Tissue Culture Lab, Fermentation Technology Lab, Biochemistry and Microbiology Lab. We have recently developed a state-of-art Animal Cell and Tissue Culture Lab focused in the area of Cancer research. These facilities are unique and equip students with thorough knowledge and skills with which they can compete hard. We have dedicated highly qualified and experienced faculty specialised in different areas of biotechnology that doesn't only teach students to their best but also take up unique research projects which have proven societal and scientific impact.
In past we have a great track record of students getting placed with Biotech giants such as Panacea Biotec Ltd., Hash Biotech Labs, Wockhardt Ltd., GSK, Cipla, Bharat Biotech and other leading companies along with some pursuing higher education in premier institutes and CSIR
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) labs. Our students also undergo trainings at leading institutes and companies for greater exposure in the field and we have developed MoU culture with all our partners for all round development of our students. Our geographic location near the Tricity gives us added advantage to be near the specialised zone of development where institutes of national importance have come up such as IISER, Mohali; NABI, Mohali; Punjab Biotechnology Incubator, Chandigarh; NIPER, Chandigarh and Institute of Nano-science and Technology, Chandigarh which create numerous job and research opportunities for our students. We have strong alumni relations that guide us for our constant improvement and value us as their parent institute for future placements as well.
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019)
3rd NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SCIENCES (4th-5th April 2019) Organized by Department of Biotechnology, CCT, CGC Landran
Programme
DAY-1 (4th April 2019)
8:30 am -9:00 am Registration
Session I (Inauguration and Key note address)
9:00 am-9:10 am Welcome, Inauguration and Lamp Lighting
09:10 am – 09:20 am Address by Campus Director Dr P. N. Hrishikeesha , CGC Landran
Address by Hon’ble Chief Guest: Dr. S.R. Rao, Senior Advisor, Department of 09:20 am – 09:40am Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology. Government of India
Address by Guest of Honor Mr. Thirunavukkarasu Angappan, Deputy General 09:40 am – 09:55 am Manager, Panacea Biotec Ltd
09:55 am -10:00am Release of conference proceedings
10:00 am - 10:10 am Felicitation of Dignitaries by Hon’ble Management
10:10 am - 10:20 am Vote of thanks Director –Principal CCT
10:20 am – 11:00 am Hi- Tea
11:00 am - 12:30 pm Key note address : Dr. Javed N. Agrewala, Dean, IIT, Ropar
Lunch ( 12:30-1:30pm) Session II Talk by Dr.RamYadav,Assistant Professor, Biological Sciences on “Local auxin 1:30 pm – 02:15pm biosynthesis regulates differentiation of Stem cells in plants” Dr Uday Banu, Asst Prof Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Jaypee 2:15 pm – 3:00 pm University Solan
3:00 pm - 3:15pm Tea
3:15 pm - 4:30 pm Cultural Programme
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DAY-2 (5th April 2019) Session III 9:30 am – 09:40 am Welcome
09:40 am – 10:30 Session by Dr. Debendra K Sahoo, Chief Scientist, IMTECH, Chandigarh on “Development of Escherichia coli based technology platform for production of am therapeutic proteins”
10:30 am – 11:00 Hi- Tea am Session by Dr. Anil Kumar Sharma, Prof. & Head Department of Biotechnology, MMDU, Mullana on “Breast Cancer Biomarkers providing a 11:00 am– 12:00 pm therapeutic window for Prognosis and early Prediction”
Lunch ( 12:00pm-1:00 pm)
Session IV
Session by Dr. Wamik Azmi, Prof Dept. of Biotechnology, HPU,Shimla on 1:00 pm -2:00 pm "Enzymes in medical and healthcare”
Session by Dr. Kulbhushan Tikoo, Professor, NIPER, Mohali on “Diabetes and 2:00 pm-3:00 pm Metabolic Memory: Epigenetic Insight and Therapeutic Potential”
Talk by Dr Gunjan Mukherjee, Head Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh 3:00pm-3:30pm University “Biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass: Current status and future prospects”
3:30 pm -4:00pm Prize distribution
4:00 pm -4:10 pm Vote of Thanks by Director –Principal CCT
4:10 pm onwards Tea
Poster Session will be held in CCP building Block no 8 GF on 4th and 5th April 2019. Slot 1- 4th April 2019, 11:00am – 2:00 pm Slot 2- 4th April 2019, 2:30 pm – 4:30 pm Slot 3 -5th April 2019, 11:00 am – 2:00 pm Oral Presentations Session will be held at CCP Auditorium 3rd floor CCP Building Block no 8 on 4th April 2019 ( 11:00am to 4:00pm)
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Chief Guest Message
It gives me immense pleasure that the Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh College of Technology, CGC, Landran is organising its 3rd National conference on "Cutting Edge Research and Innovation in Biotechnology and other life sciences" on 4th and 5th April, 2019. I believe that the interaction of scientists and various academicians will go a long way in knowledge sharing and brainstorming sessions will light a path to tackle the current challenges faced by health-care industry. As the field of biotechnology play a vital role in development of key technologies in health and medicine industry, this will be a great opportunity to discuss the current technological advancements in the field by the renowned faculties of the industry. I wish a great success to the occasion.
Dr. S. R. Rao
Chief Advisor and Scientist H
Department of Biotechnology (DBT)
Ministry of Science and Technology
Government of India, New Delhi
Chief Guest (CERIBLS-2019)
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019)
Message I am enormously delighted to greet and welcome you all for the 3rd National conference on "Cutting Edge Research and Innovation in Biotechnology and other life sciences " to be held at Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh College of Technology, Landran on 4th and 5th April, 2019. The theme of the conference is to acknowledge the latest research and insights developed in the Biotechnology industries as well as address emerging issues faced by the Biotechnologists and health specialists in India and across the globe. The horizons are broadening and a coordinated approach is required from various facets of health-care sector including Biotechnology industries, research centers to discuss, share and finding out solutions to various biotechnology issues. I hope this conference will help in combating the bottlenecks and expanding the knowledge of researchers, scientists and Biotechnology professionals and will lead to the betterment of the Biotechnology sector. This scientific program will provide the platform for national and international experts to share their rich experience and expertise. I am sure that this conference would be a great success.
Satnam Singh Sandhu Chairman, Chandigarh Group of Colleges Landran, Mohali, Punjab Chief Patron (CERIBLS-2019)
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Message
It is indeed my proud privilege to invite you all for the 3rd National Conference on "Cutting Edge Research and Innovation in Biotechnology and other life sciences" organised by Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh College of Technology, Landran on 4th and 5th April, 2019. This Scientific conference will provide a platform for the benefit of the Biotechnology and general science community about the current trends in the science industry, and lead the way forward for quality culture and compliance with the involvement of Indian and global quality management thought leaders. Since the growth of this industry is imperative for the success of our Biotechnology professionals, I request each and every one of us to contribute for the success of this National Conference. It's time to start something new, "From small beginning come great things" and I trust in the magic of this New Beginning.
Chief Patron (CERIBLS-2019)
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019)
I am delighted to welcome you to the two day National Conference on "Cutting Edge Research and Innovation in Biotechnology and other life sciences" on 4th and 5th April, 2019. Chandigarh Group of Colleges Landran since 2001 is committed to develop professionals with strong academic background and practical knowledge to meet the global challenges of the technical world.
Modern India realizes that scientific research is a key element in the holistic development of the country and the focal theme of the Conference "Cutting Edge Research and Innovation in Biotechnology and other life sciences" reflects the same aspiration. Developments in science and technology have vitally altered the way people live, trade, inter-connect and compete. However, the scientific quest is an unending journey which seeks to take the fruits of development to the common man so that it can contribute more in the development of society and humanity. I am happy to know that a large number of eminent speakers and technologists from all over India are participating in the conference and will be discussing their valuable research innovations and experiences which will help in bridging the gap. It will further give an opportunity to faculty and students to interact personally with the top-notch experts to understand how these new domains are playing important role in research and development.
With tremendous pleasure and utmost gladness, I extend a very warm welcome to all the dignitaries, champions of scientific research, delegates, associates and other stakeholders to this conference at Chandigarh Group of Colleges Landran.
I congratulate the organizers for providing a platform for this interaction through this Conference. I wish the Conference a great success.
Dr. P.N. Hrisheekesha Campus Director CGC Landran Patron, CERIBLS-2019
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019)
With great pleasure and enthusiasm I formally announce and cordially invite you to the third National Conference: CERIBLS-2019, to be held at Chandigarh College of Technology, Landran, Mohali on 4th and 5th April, 2019.
The theme of the conference is "Cutting Edge Research and Innovation in Biotechnology and other life sciences" with scientific sessions spread over two days. This innovative educational forum will enable you to further knowledge, discuss and also to reconnect with colleagues and establish new professional contacts among the National and International experts in the field. Besides the participation in the excellent event and discussion sessions which encourage exchange of ideas and sharing experiences, the participants will have the opportunity to meet high-level industry leaders, academicians, researchers and decision makers from the region and various parts of the country.
CERIBLS-2019 is designed to be an academic feast, with a structured programme in a manner where participants will have ample time to interact after the sessions, which will be enriched by distinguished International and National Faculty. We look forward to your participation.
Dr. M. Arockia Babu Director-Principal, CCP CGC, Landran Organizing Secretory, CERIBLS-2019
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It provides me enormous pleasure in welcoming you all to the 3rd National Conference on "Cutting Edge Research and Innovation in Biotechnology and other life sciences" on 4th and 5th April, 2019 to be held at Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh College of Technology, Landran, Mohali. CCT has a clear perspective of becoming an academic institution responsive to the requirements of the Biotcch industry. It has set for itself the goals of flare for information and capacity for adapting to the changes in rapidly growing Biotech industry. It continuously strives to improve so as to maintain the high standards already set. In view of the importance of Biotechnology in today's world, the present conference is organized to come across the recent developments in Biotechnology in India. It is a great and prestigious honor to be the organizing secretary of this mega event. But at the same time, this is a matter of great responsibility as well. However, with a group of energetic and dedicated colleagues and aspirations to do it made this conference a reality today. Therefore, let's join together in this conference for making it an unforgettable and memorable life time event.
On behalf of the organizing committee, I ex.tend my heartiest gratitude to all our sponsors, Management of our College, Faculty and all participants for whole-hearted contribution to the successful organization of this mega event on such a large scale.
Dr. Shalini Verma Head-Department of Biotechnology CCT, CGC, Landran, Mohali Chief organizing Secretory, CERIBLS-2019
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INVITED TALKS
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IT: 01
Development of Escherichia coli based technology platform for production of therapeutic proteins Debendra K. Sahoo CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector – 39A, Chandigarh – 160036 ABSTRACT
Therapeutic proteins are an important constituent of biopharmaceuticals and mainly produced by natural microorganisms or by using recombinant DNA technology to create genetically tailored organisms/ cell lines that express target genes at high levels of the desired product. The process of such production consists of up-stream processing, during which desired products are formed by cells and downstream processing during which the product so formed in up-stream processing stage is isolated and purified. Microbial fermentations/ cell culture processes as central feature of most future industrial bioprocesses signify the importance of up-stream processing involving bioreactors. Escherichia coli is the most commonly used host for expression of a wide variety of recombinant proteins with therapeutic applications especially of those that do not need post- translational modifications, because of its well-characterized system, high expression levels, non-pathogenic nature, ease of fermentation and low manufacturing cost. Scale up of biopharmaceutical production has gained enormous importance in recent years. As the transition from shake flask to bioreactor mode of cultivation often decreases the yield of a product, studies on nutritional and metabolic parameters during bioreactor cultivation affecting the quality and quantity of desired product are becoming an essential part of bioprocess development and scale up. These parameters become more significant in recombinant systems because the replication and gene expression of the plasmid depend on a number of factors including enzymes, energy and biosynthetic precursors available in the host cell. The presentation will review recent advances in areas related to development of E. coli based technology platform for production of biopharmaceuticals along with case studies.
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IT: 02
Enzymes in medical and healthcare Professor Wamik Azmi Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla- 171005 (H.P.) India ABSTRACT Enzymes control all metabolic processes in human from simple digestion of ingested food to highly complex immune response. Protein therapeutics, particularly enzymes, represents a group of pharmacological agents that is rapidly gaining importance in medicine. Enzymes possess specificity, greater affinity and high catalytic efficiency. Due to these advantages, enzymes are widely been used for different therapeutic purposes and enzyme therapies are gaining much attention. Therapeutically important enzymes produced by microorganisms have advantage of being economically feasible and consistent in quality. They have high yield and are easy for purification, product modification and optimization. Attempts are made by pharmaceutical research centers to capitalize on the advantages of enzymes as drugs. Majority of medically important enzymes are obtained from a limited number of fungi, yeast and bacteria. Novel organisms are also isolated when a new enzyme or enzyme with new properties is required. Medically important enzymes are required in very less quantity as compared to the industrially important enzymes but they should have a high degree of purity and specificity. Tools and techniques of modern biotechnology have made enzyme therapy a promising tool in the treatment of cardiovascular, oncological, hereditary and other diseases. Further, with recent advancement in medical science, spectrum of other diseases is also managed by enzyme therapy.
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IT: 03
Importance of characterization of Mycobacterium leprae strains in contacts of index patient
Partha Sarathi Mohanty, Farah Naaz
ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra
ABSTRACT
Leprosy is a slow, chronic disorder caused by Mycobacterium leprae. India has achieved elimination of leprosy in December 2005 but new cases are being detected and continue to occur in some endemic pockets. The possible ways of transmission of leprosy is not fully understood and is believed that leprosy is transmitted from person to person in long term contact. Studying the transmission dynamics is further complicated by inability to grow M. leprae in culture medium and lack of animal models. More than one family members were found to be affected by leprosy in some highly endemic pockets. This study reported the transmission pattern of leprosy in a family having 4 patients. We investigated the transmission of leprosy in a single family having 4 patients using microsatellite typing. DNA was isolated from slit skin smear samples taken from the patients and the isolated DNA were amplified using microsatellite loci TA11CA3. The amplified products were sequenced using Sanger’s sequencing methods and the copy number variation in the microsatellite loci between strains were elucidated by multiple sequence alignment. The result showed that all the 4 members of the family acquired infection from 3 different strains of M. leprae from 3 different sources.The elder and middle daughters were infected by same types of strains having the repeat unit TA13CA3 and could have acquired the infection from social contacts of leprosy cases while the father and younger daughter were infected by strains with the repeat unit TA12CA3 and TA11CA3 and could have acquired infection from social contacts. The study suggested that three family members viz, elder daughter, father and younger daughter could be infected by M. leprae from 3 different sources and the history of the disease and genetic analysis showed that the middle daughter acquired infection from her elder sister in due course of contact. This study implies that the transmission of leprosy not only occurred amongst the house hold members but also has been transmitted from social and neighborhood contacts in long term association with them.
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IT: 04
Breast Cancer Biomarkers providing a therapeutic window for Prognosis and early Prediction Zghair Abdulrazzaq N., Anil K. Sharma*, Professor and Head, Department of Biotechnology, M.M. Deemed to be University, Mullana- Ambala -133207. Email : [email protected] ABSTRACT Breast cancer has been known to afflict millions of individuals world-wide every year with significant morbidity and mortality especially in women. How to circumvent this problem, efforts have been laid to find out the solution with early intervention of the disease was found to have encouraging results in terms of reduction in mortality rates. Still we have limited ways to define and design parameters for early detection, grading or staging of the disease. Out of variety of markers known for breast cancer, in the present investigation, BRCA1, ERBB2(HER2/neu) and TP53 gene expression profiles were explored which were reportedly found to be over-expressed in breast cancer patients. mRNA expression levels of the above markers were significantly upregulated in tumor tissues in comparison to normal controls. Also mutation(s) in them was found to be linked to increased incidence of breast cancer. Further the hot-spot regions of these marker genes i.e. TP53 exon 5, BRCA1 exon 11 and ERBB2 exon 16 were further assessed for the incidence of mutations. Upon analyzing the mRNA expression levels of BRCA1, ERBB2 and TP53and the corresponding mutations thereof in the hotspot regions in them will be further discussed suggesting their potential role as diagnostic markers having significant prognostic relevance in women having breast cancer.
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IT: 05
Diabetes and Metabolic Memory: Epigenetic Insight and Therapeutic Potential Dr. Kulbhushan Tikoo National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali Increase in cases of metabolic disorders is of global concern. Inspite of effective management therapy, exact underlying mechanisms for disease development is still unknown. We reported that despite glucose and other lipid biomarker normalisation through dietary modification, molecular markers remain altered indicating the presence of “Metabolic Memory”. Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in phenotype without any change in the DNA sequence. Various epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation, histone modifications are being studied for their role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. In this view, our laboratory is engaged in deciphering the role of various epigenetic alterations in the insulin resistance and diabetes. We investigated the underlying molecular mechanism for retention of Metabolic memory and discovered that histone modifications are significant contributing factors. Further, we reported that metformin, well-known drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus, reverse the metabolic memory and reverse the HFD induced renal damage at molecular level. Our study also show that induction of intracellular heat shock protein prevents Insulin Resistance–Induced Vascular Complications by Augmenting Angiotensin-(1-7) Signaling. We have also shown the role of one carbon metabolism in type 2 diabetes by using L-methionine as dietary supplement. We have investigated the role of DNMT inhibition in the insulin resistance and diabetes. Recent studies have shown the beneficial effect of probiotics in the diabetes and related metabolic diseases. Probiotics also have effects on histone modifiers and can regulate expression of variety of genes. We are also exploring the role of lactobacilli supplementation on epigenetic regulators in emergence of insulin resistance and diabetes. These evidences suggest the critical role of epigenetic alterations in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and diabetes. Our studies highlights epigenetic alteration as potential molecular targets for therapeutic intervention.
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ORAL PRESENTATIONS
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OP: 01 EVALUATION OF THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF SNACKS PREPARED BY FORTIFICATION OF GRAM FLOUR WITH CHIA SEEDS Jahanvi trehana , Ramanpreet Kaurb , Shruti Puric a,b,cDepartment of Food Science, MCM DAV College for Women, Sector-36A, Chandigarh E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Functional foods, majorly snacks, have gained tremendous attention worldwide over the past few years due to trending way to healthy lifestyle. Snacks are one of the most popular conveniences, ready-to-eat, easy-to-carry, easy-to-store product consumed by all age groups. Snacks can be considered as a better vehicle for fortification and enrichment. In the present study, gram flour and chia seed flour were used to composite wheat flour in order to improve the protein, crude fibre, fat content, and mineral content in snacks. Snacks were prepared from the gram flour and chia seed flour blends in the ratios of 50:0, 35:15, 25:25 and 15:35 respectively. There was a considerable increase in the fiber and mineral content in the snacks by addition of chia seed flour. Sensory evaluation was done on hedonic scale basis and quality as well as overall acceptability of chia fortified snacks was found satisfactory. Therefore, the developed snacks indicated the commercial scope of manufacturing good quality snacks, which will be helpful for providing daily dietary requirement of protein, dietary fiber and other minerals to health conscious population. OP: 02 Comparative study of production of single cell protein by utilizing different fruit and vegetable wastes Tejaswinnie Jaswal*a, Amandeep Kaurb, Purva Aggarwalc, Shruti Purid a,b,c,dDepartment of Food Science, MCM DAV College for Women E.mail : [email protected]
ABSTRACT According to international survey, about 1.3 billion tons of food is being wasted or lost. The fruit and vegetable waste i.e. peels, pomace and seeds can be utilized to produce various products such as ethanol, single cell protein, hydrogen. Single Cell Protein (SCP) is one of the products
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) that can be isolated by use of fruit and vegetable waste. Single Cell Protein refers to dried microorganisms that can be used as protein dietary supplement. The production of SCP majorly depends upon the type of substrate being provided to the microorganism. Studies have shown that the peels have high nutritional value and hence can be used to produce a value added products. The aim of this study was to compare the single cell protein production by using different fruit and vegetable wastes. In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is allowed to grow on different substrates like peels of pomegranate, orange and banana. The culture was incubated, centrifuged and dried to isolate SCP. The comparative study showed that pomegranate peels produced maximum amount of Single Cell Protein.
OP: 03
NUTRITIONAL AND QUALITY ANALYSIS OF QUINOA SEED FLOUR FORTIFIED WHEAT BISCUITS Kulveer Kaura*, Ananaya Talwarb, Shruti Puric a,b,cDepartment of Food Science, MCM DAV College for Women, Sector-36A, Chandigarh E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Improvisation towards a healthy lifestyle is a necessity of today. Quinoa is a pseudo cereal and its seed is rich in essential amino acids such as methionine, threonine and lysine which are limiting in most other cereals. It also contains large amounts of minerals like calcium, iron, zinc and copper. Hence, it can be used in preparation of fortified products. The influence of fortification of wheat flour with quinoa seed flour in different ratios (90:10), (80:20), (70:30) and (60:40) were studied.The proximate analysis, sensory analysis and physical properties of samples were analysed. On the basis of nutritional value, biscuits with ratio (60:40) were acceptable as it contains high fibre content and high ash content as compared to other samples. Sensory evaluation was done using a group of panellists on hedonic scale basis. This showed that whole wheat flour biscuits and 10% fortified biscuits had highest score among all samples. Fortified quinoa seed flour biscuits were found to be highly nutritious in comparison to whole wheat flour biscuits.
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OP: 04
Single nucleotide polymorphism- striding towards personalized medicine Bhatti GK1*, Vijayvergiya R2, Bhatti JS3 1University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab India 2Department of Cardiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India 3Department of Biotechnology, SGGS College, Chandigarh, India
ABSTRACT
To understand the concept of personalized medicine (PM), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could be a key enabler. SNPs are responsible for over 80% of the variation between two individuals, hence ideal for the mission of chasing for correlations between genotype and phenotype.Elucidating the genetic components that contribute to their pathogenesis Coronary Artery Disease is challenging. Present case control study was planned to examine the association ofSNPs in methylene tetrahydrofolatereductase(MTHFR) for (677 C/T) gene for CAD and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) for GSTM1/T1 and GSTP1 genes with CAD and T2DM in north Indian population.A total of 622 subjects (315 CAD patients and 307 controls) for MTHFR AND 351 healthy controls, 337 T2DM patients, and 318 T2DM+CAD for GSTM1/T1 and GSTP1 genes were analyzed.Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics were done in all the subjects. Polymerase chain reactions followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis were carried out to evaluate the risk of CAD. The CAD patients showedevident abdominal adiposity reflected by their significantly higher waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, even at the normal BMI values suggested for Asian Indians. Dyslipidemia, was an established risk factor for development of CAD. The genotyping data revealed significant association of MTHFR gene with the risk of CAD in our population.The 677 C/T polymorphism in MTHFR gene may be associated with increased risk of CAD in north Indian population.The conventional risk factors such as age, abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia were also independently linked with the amplified risk of CAD.Genotyping of GSTM1/T1 and P1 genes, measures of abdominal obesity (BMI and Waist circumference), lipid-profile along with
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) oxidative biomarkers were measured in all the study participants. Results display pronounced values of WC, WHR, MDA and TAC in T2DM and T2DM+CAD subjects compared to controls (p<0.001). Dyslipidemia was more evident in T2DM patients than controls. GSTM1 (-) and GSTT1 (-) genotypes (%) were significantly higher in T2DM, and T2DM+CAD subjects. Regression analysis of the data revealed significant association of GSTM1 (-) and GSTT1 (-) genotypes shows 2.3-fold and 1.6 fold increased risk of T2DM, respectively. Contrary, GSTP1 gene did not show significant association with T2DM. Additionally, GSTT1 (-) genotype alone shows 1.57-fold increased risk of CAD in T2DM subjects. Moreover, significantly reduced level of HDL-C was observed in the individuals carring GSTM1(-) and GSTT1(-)genotypes. In conclusion, oxidative stress, abdominal obesity and null genotypes of GSTM1/T1 genes strongly contribute to the development of T2DM related CAD complications in Asian Indian population. In conclusion, further, large studies in different ethnic backgrounds may be necessary to elucidate the association susceptibility genes and CAD in Indian population.
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Street vended foods: A gastronomic delightfor microbes ratherthanhumans! Ramneet Kaur*, Shaheena, Kanika, Riya, Medhavi, Hina Department of Food Science, MCM DAV College for Women, Chandigarh, India E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT The street food sector in India is escalating, owing to vast diversity of inexpensive foods and fast-paced life. However, safety of street vended foodsremains a serious health concern andit becomes imperative to assess their quality.In view of the same, the present study was conducted to investigate the microbiological quality of street foodsincluding momos, samosa, tikki, kulcha, pasta sauce, chutney, fruit juice, mayonnaise, eggs, shakes and lemonade. The samples were collected from different vendors in the vicinity of Sector 36, Chandigarh. Microbiological test results revealed presence of bacteria, yeasts and moulds in > 70% of food samples showinghigh microbial burden (102-105cfu/ml).These samples also showed the presence of food-borne pathogens includingEscherichia coli, Salmonellaspp., Shigellaspp., Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonasspp.The food-isolates were screened for antimicrobialsusceptibility; they were
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) resistantto several antibiotics, such as erythromycin, vancomycin, etc. However, the food samples of mayonnaise, eggs and samosa were free from microbial contamination.In conclusion, the results of present study reflect the poor handling and sanitary conditions while preparing food and strict regulations must be laid to keep the quality in check and prevent food-borne illnesses. Until then, safe consumption of street foods remains a distant dream.
OP: 06 Combating Antimicrobial Resistance: AjowanOil, Cinnamon Oil and CedarwoodOil as Alternative Therapeutics againstMultidrug Resistant Bacterial Clinical Isolates Sweta Arora*, Riya, Anjali, Sonia Sharma and Hina
Department of Food Science, MCM DAV College for Women, Chandigarh, India
E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
In recent years, multidrug bacterial resistance has emerged at the battlefield as one of the most significant challenges to human health. It has become a major concern in global public health invigorating the need for new antimicrobial compounds.Herbal products present an innovative alternative to ineffective antibiotic therapy. In view of the same, the present study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of hospital strains and to assess the in vitroefficacy of essential oils against multidrug resistance (MDR) strains. 14 clinical isolatesincluding Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp., coagulase- negative staphylococci(CoNS), Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris andVibrio cholerae were collected from Microbiology laboratory of Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector- 32, Chandigarh. The antimicrobial susceptibility test results revealed that all the isolates were MDR strains. Further, essential oils namely cinnamon oil, ajowan oil and cedarwood oil were screened for antimicrobialeffect against these strains using well diffusion and broth microdilution assays. Ajowan oil showed potent antibacterial activity against majority of the clinical isolates, followed by cinnamon oil and cedarwood oil. In conclusion, results of the
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) present study suggest that essential oils can be effectively employed as alternative therapeutics to treat life-threatening infections caused by MDR bacteria.
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Phenotypic identification of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae at a tertiary care centre in North India Varsha Gupta, Anku Goel, Priya Datta, Meenakshi Singh, Jagdish Chander Department ofMicrobiology,Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector- 32b, Chandigarh Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The emergence of carbapenem resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species has become an issue for global health concern. Carbapenemase production can be detected by using meropenem along with inhibitors – boronic acid which inhibits class A, EDTA inhibits class B and cloxacillin inhibits AmpC β lactamases. This study was carried out was carried out in the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital in Chandigarh (India) during a period of one year, for the phenotypic detection and differentiation of types of carbapenemases in carbapenem-resistant E. coli and Klebsiella species for proper infection control and appropriate patient management. Combined disc test was performed using meropenem disc alone and in combination with a carbapenemases inhibitor. Eighty carbapenem resistant strains of E. coli (n=40) and Klebsiella (n=40) species isolated were assessed for the different classes of carabpenemases by evaluating synergistic effect of meropenem with different inhibitors according to CLSI guidelines. Out of total 80 strains, 85% of the isolates were MBL producers and none of the isolates were KPC producers. Our of forty meropenem resistant E. coli strains, 95% (n=38) of the total isolates were MBL producers while only 5% (n=2) of the isolate was presumed to be Class D carbapenemase. Amongst 40 Klebsiella strains, 75% (n=30) isolates were MBL positive and 25% (n=10) could be Class D carbapenemase. Thus, our study showed
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) that in our region 85% of the isolates were carbapenemase resistant due to production of MBL enzymes. There was no resistance due to AmpC enzymes. It is of utmost importance for early detection of various enzymes to maintain the clinical efficacy of carbapenems. However, genotypic comparison is also required for further confirmation of the genes responsible for various mechanisms of carbapenem resistance which will be of epidemiological relevance.
OP: 08 PESTICIDE DEGRADATION : A CALL TO ERADICATE PESTICIDES FROM AGRICULTURAL SOIL
Chhavi Dhiman*, Ujjwal, Dr. Vandana Sharma
Department of Food Science, MCM DAV College for Women, Chandigarh-160036, India. E-mail: [email protected], Phone Number: +91-9914084438
ABSTRACT
The use of pesticide in India has increased many times during the last 20 years. Their importance in crop yield improvement is understood and well accepted. Although the use of pesticides is considered beneficial in augmenting crop yields, excessive and indiscriminate use can lead to microbial imbalance, environmental pollution and health hazards. Bioremediation is one of the most environmentally safe and cost-effective methods of decontamination and detoxification of a pesticide-contaminated environment. With this objective, pesticide degrading bacteria were isolated from soil collected from agricultural areas of Punjab with history of continued farming activities for many years. The present study focuses on the isolation and characterization of bacterial cultures for biodegradation of pesticides commonly used in the agriculture. Pesticides which are considered to be potentially hazardous typically come in the form of sprays and dusts. Chlorpyrifos, sold under many brand names, is an organophosphate pesticide used to kill a number of pests including insects and worms. Imidacloprid is a systemic insecticide that acts as an insect neurotoxin and belongs to a class of chemicals called the neonicotinoids which act on the central nervous system of insects. The chemical works by interfering with the transmission of stimuli in the insect nervous system. Its effect on human health and the environment depends on the concentration present and the length and frequency of exposure. Monocrotophos or Monocil 28 | P a g e
CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) is an organophosphate insecticide. It is acutely toxic to birds and humans, so it has been banned in the US, the EU and many other ountries; however it is still used in India.
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TRANSFORMING FOOD WASTE INTO BIOENERGY
Gursimran Kaur*, Gurleen Kaur, Dr.Vandana Sharma
Department of Food Science, MCM DAV College for Women, Chandigarh-160036, India. E-mail: [email protected], Phone Number: +91-9914084438
ABSTRACT
Solid waste management is one of the most important issues concerning environment that must be thought about seriously to attain sustainable development of a society. Waste is growing at an exponential rate in India due to the rapid urbanization and industrialization. Management of solid waste becomes further necessary with increasing pollution and other hazardous consequences due to the generation of waste. In some developed countries, management of wastes within universities is considered as a part of urban activities. In USA 80% of colleges and universities have their own waste management programs. With the objective of creating a zero waste campus – MCM DAV College for Women, Chandigarh started an ambitious program on waste management under Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan initiative of Govt. of India. On Sept, 2017, the college established a Swachhata committee to achieve this goal. The main focus of the committee was to set up the process for recovery, reduction and recycling waste management program at the campus.
Around 150 kg of solid waste is generated every day in the college campus, of which about 80% is wet (biodegradable) and the remaining is dry waste (Non-biodegradable). The solid waste in the campus is generated from various potential sources, such as Academic Buildings, Hostels, Canteen, Garden, etc. In the last six months, the college has made efforts to implement sustainable waste management practices on campus through multiple initiatives. The different
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) types of waste generated in the campus is managed by using comprehensive, scientific and environment-friendly approaches to decentralized solid waste management practices.
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Phosphate solubilizing activity of rhizobacteria isolated from uncultivated soils of punjab Rajinder Kaur, Sukhminderjit Kaur Department of Biotechnology Chandigarh University, Gharaun, Mohali-140413 Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Bacteria capable of solubilizing and mineralizing phosphorus pools in soils are considered vital in promoting bioavailability of phosphorus in soil. The study has been planned to explore the possible role of mineral phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in phosphorus cycling in alkaline soils of Punjab and to prepare biofertilizer. A total of 39 bacterial isolates showing different degrees of mineral tri-calcium phosphate [Ca3(PO4)2] solubilizing activities were isolated by their ability to form halo zones on Pikovskaya agar plates. The isolated solubilizers were selected for further characterization by their solubilization efficiencies and organic acid production. The bacterial isolates showed different degrees of phosphorus solubilization efficiencies. The phosphate solubilizing index of all the isolates ranged from 2.88-6.33. Most of the strains showed potent solubilization efficiency ranging from 128.5 – 533% with highest efficiency shown by A3 strain. Except two strains, all the strains showed potential acidification of the culture supernatants exhibiting sharp pH decline with highest decrease shown by A7. Further, the bacterial isolates will be tested for their ability to mineralize organic phosphorus and studying their different plant growth promoting isolates. The most potential of all will be used for biofertilizer production.
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OP: 11 GREEN WASTE MANAGEMENT THROUGH MUSHROOM CULTIVATION: SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVE
Himanshi Bansal*, Vaani Datta, Bhavya Arora, Dr. Sandeep Kaur
Department of Food Science, MCM DAV College for Women, Chandigarh-160036, India. Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected], Phone Number: +91-9878114892
ABSTRACT Solid waste management has become a major cause of concern in both developed and developing countries, stressing on the need of adopting effective waste management strategies for reducing and recycling the community waste. With this as a main objective, the present study was focused on management of solid waste especially green garden waste by using it as a potential substrate for growth of highly nutritious and edible mushrooms i.e. oyster mushrooms. Pleurotus ostreatus commonly called oyster mushrooms are loaded with an array of culinary, medicinal, nutritional and environmental benefits. Besides providing both macro and micro nutrition, they also help to maintain a strong immunity to fight infections, help to maintain healthy bones, have proven anti- cancer and cholesterol lowering potential. In the present study, combinations of wheat straw and garden waste (in form of dry leaves collected from college campus) were mixed in different ratios in used plastic bottles collected from college waste bins followed by layer spawning and incubation of bottles. Further, conditions crucial for spawn run, pinning and final harvesting were also optimized successfully. Results showed that dry leaves in combination of wheat straw in 50:50 ratio showed the minimum spawn run time and pinning time almost comparable to control bottles made from 100% wheat straw. However, dry leave mixed with wheat straw in 70:30 also showed good yield although spawn run and pinning time were slightly prolonged. Results showed that use of dry leaves along with husk showed good harvest of nutritional mushrooms compared to bags with husk alone. Further nutritional testing was done and the result showed comparable levels of micro nutrition and zero toxicity value. This waste management strategy is equally scalable and depicts a unique way of income generation while addressing the issues of malnutrition.
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OP: 12 Development of a cocktail of enzymes for Greener Paper Technology Steffy*, Indu Bala and Naveen Gupta Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The pulp and paper production technology is highly diverse and provides numerous opportunities for the application of microbial enzymes in processes, such as biopulping, biobleaching, de- inking, pitch removal, fiber grafting, paper coloration, and bioremediation of effluents. Although many applications of enzymes in pulp and paper industry are still at the research and development stage, currently the most important application is eco-friendly biobleaching of hard and soft wood pulps. Bioprocessing of pulps using microbial enzymes for biobleaching is one of the most suitable biological applications for the pulp and paper industry. Lignolytic (laccase,) enzymes helps directly in the removal of lignin from the pulp and hemicellulolytic (xylanase, mannanase) enzymes increases the access of bleaching chemicals to the lignin layer by opening the pulp structure. Bacterial enzymes are preferred as they can work at high temperature and pH at which the pulp is processed in industry. A number of these enzymes from bacteria have been explored individually for pulp biobleaching. Some report have also reported the use of combination of these enzymes but produced by different bacteria which make their application economically unviable. Therefore there is a need to isolate a bacterial strain producing a cocktail of hemicellulolytic and lignolytic enzymes and standardizing a procedure for their application in pulp and paper industry to make the whole process of paper making eco friendly.
In present study, Bacillus sp. LXM 55 MTCC 12897 was isolated from effluent of paper mill which produced a cocktail of lignolytic (Laccase) and hemicellulotic (Xylanase+Mannanase). All the enzymes were found to be active in the temperature and pH range which was suiable for their application in pulp and paper industry. Conditions were standardized for the over production of enzymes in solid state fermentation by using classical and statistical methods. Significant reduction in chlorine use was achieved by pretreating the pulp with cocktail of enzymes. Therefore this cocktail of enzymes is highly suitable candidate for developing a cleaner and economical process for Pulp bleaching.
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OP: 13
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MANNANOLYTIC BACTERIA AND ITS APPLICATION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MANNO-OLIGOSACCHARIDES
Monika Rana, Aastha Khullar and Dr. Naveen Gupta Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Prebiotics are “Selectively fermented ingredients that allow specific changes, both in the composition and activity of the gastrointestinal microflora that confers benefits of host well being and health”.Oligosaccharides which are non-digestible fibres having physiological properties so that they can behave as dietry fibres and prebiotics. Manno-oligosacchrides (MOS) has effective prebiotic properties and also exhibit other properties like antioxidant and antimicrobial. Production of MOS can be achieved from the controlled hydrolysis of mannan sources such as copra meal, locust bean gum etc. by using bacterial mannanase. In this regard, mannanase producing bacteria has been isolated from soil followed by its identification by 16S rRNA sequencing. Hyperproduction of mannanase is done by classical and statistical approaches for the application to produce manno-oligosaccharides.
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Devolpment of a process for use of treated sewage water for recreational purposes
Rahul Warmoota* And Dr. Naveen Gupta Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT
In modern cities majority of the sewage water is treated in sewage treatment plants (STP) but even after treatment it is mainly disposed of in natural water recourses. However tertiary treated sewage water (TT Water) can be used for number of alternate purposes such as irrigation,
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) construction, service stations, recreational purposes like replenishment of lakes etc. However there are problems associated with the use of treated water for these purposes such as: Improper treatment and irregular monitoring of the efficiency of STP’S. Presence of excess nutrients such as phosphates and nitrates which lead to eutrophication. Growth of sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) which lead to foul smell. For one year STP’s of Chandigarh were monitored regularly and it was concluded that it is not the type of technology it is management of the STP’s which determines the quality of treated water, with given recommendations quality of treated water was improved. To explore the possibility of using TT water for the management of Sukhna Lake Chandigarh quality of TT water was compared with water of Sukhna Lake. It was found to be fit in all aspects except excess of nutrients. An inherent technology was standardized using denitrifying and phosphate solubilizing bacteria; which completely removed these nutrients from TT water. TT water is being used for irrigation in Chandigarh but the foul smell in it is the major problem. A process was standardized reduce the growth of SRB’s by aeration and addition of acceptable chemicals which led to the complete removal of smell form TT water Therefore microbial process can be used to convert waste water into asset and solving various problems related to society at large.
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MULTI DRUG RESISTANCE: THE ‘PHAGE’ WE ARE GOING THROUGH
Divya Nair*, Mizumi Setia* Students (M.Sc.), Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
ABSTRACT Faced with the global crisis of multidrug-resistant bacteria, bacteriophages that are viruses that infect and replicate within bacteria specifically, but cannot infect other kinds of organisms, have been reported to be associated with therapeutic practice in disease management. The unwanted side effects of antibiotics cast doubt on the suitability of some antimicrobial treatments and may require new strategies to prevent and limit the selection for virulence. Foremost among these treatments is phage therapy, which could be used to treat many bacterial infectious diseases and confront the pressing problem of antibiotic resistance in
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) pathogenic bacteria. Phage therapy is gaining momentum because phages represent a therapy concept, which is significantly different from that of antibiotics. Phages are the only therapeutic agent that regulates itself at the sites of infection and decays when the infectious bacteria have been killed. In human therapy, "cocktails" of multiple phages may reduce the probability of selecting bacteria that developed resistance to a certain phage. Phages cannot be expected to replace antibiotic agents in our medical arsenal, but can be used where antibiotic agents fail. We are in the early days of directed evolution’s revolution, which, in many different ways, is bringing and will bring the greatest benefit to humankind.
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Biodiesel From Oleaginous Microalgae Using Waste Water: Strain Selection, Optimization And Over Expression Of Enzymes For Enhanced Lipid Biosynthesis Rahul Suman, Bhawana, Sanjeev, Shruti Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh ABSTRACT The energy crisis represents the largest challenge of the 21st century. The combustion of fossil fuels also releases large amounts of greenhouse gases and aggravates global climate change. For these reasons, microalgae-based biodiesel production has become a hot topic in recent years. The high cost of biodiesel is the main bottleneck in its current application. For microalgae cultivation, the huge consumption of water resources and inorganic nutrients is costly and this is a worldwide problem. Although researchers have added organic carbon into heterotrophic microalgal cultures to increase microalgal biomass and lipid productivity. However, adding organic carbon increases the extra feedstock cost and the energy transformation efficiency. One promising solution to overcome the high cost is to couple biodiesel production with wastewater treatment based on microalgae. Secondary effluent of domestic wastewater treatment plants contains high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus. On the one hand, these inorganic nutrients need to be removed as they cause eutrophication and they are suitable and cost-effective for microalgal cultivation. This coupling of biodiesel production and wastewater treatment based on microalgae is a recent concept. High lipid productivity of dominant, fast-growing microalgae is a major prerequisite for commercial production of microalgal oil-derived biodiesel. However, in
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) most of the cases, large amounts of algal biomass are produced, with relatively low lipid contents, while species with high lipid contents are typically slow growing. Major advances in this area can be made through the induction of lipid biosynthesis, most importantly by giving environmental. In addition, several genetic strategies for increased triacylglycerides production and inducibility are currently being developed. One of them is multi-gene approach, i.e., overexpressing more than one key enzyme in the TAG pathway to enhance lipid biosynthesis. Free fatty acids can be produced by introducing an FAT gene. The presence of the FAT will break the fatty acid elongation cycle and release free fatty acids. So, the main outcome of our study is to evaluate The presence of the FAT in microalgae will break the fatty acid elongation cycle and release free fatty acids. And it has been suggested that multi-gene approach is shown a great prospect in lipid accumulation for biodiesel production.
OP: 17 DNA VACCINE DELIVERY BY LIVE BACTERIAL VECTORS Malvika Soni* and Sudhanshi Raina** Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh Email: [email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT Vaccination has proved a suitable immunological tool for preventive care of human and pets. With a breakthrough in DNA vaccines, new vistas of research have opened. These third generation vaccines are advantageous over the conventional vaccines due to their ability to induce cell mediated immune response in addition to humoral immune response. Although the DNA vaccine is promising, it is not of much success as it needs a superior delivery system to activate a potent immune response. Many delivery systems have been evaluated for enhanced DNA vaccine efficacy but live bacterial vector as the carrier is one of the best systems as of now. A broad range of immune responses including localised mucosal and systemic immunity are induced by bacterial vectors due to the mucosal route of their administration. This route leads to increased patient acceptance of vaccines due to their easy administration and non-invasiveness. Some enteroinvasive bacterial species such as Shigella flexneri, Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica and Listeria monocytogenes have shown good results as DNA carriers. Among
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) non-pathogens, lactic acid bacterium is one of the most successful vectors. A lot of studies have favoured the use of live bacterial vectors as delivery system for DNA vaccines. Efforts are directed to find variables and predisposing factors for efficient delivery system.
OP: 18 Isolation and Screening of Lipase Producing Bacteria from oil Contaminated Soil Atika Sharma, BhoomikaMalhotra, Manpreet Kaur, PrabhjyotiPahwa , Sudha, Sonu Bhatia, Abhinashi Singh, Navneet Batra Department of Biotechnology, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College Sector-32, Chandigarh ABSTRACT Lipases (Triacylglycerol lipases, EC 3.1.1.3) are the water soluble enzymes which have the ability to hydrolyse triacylglycerols to release free fatty acids and glycerol. Lipases constitute a major group of biocatalysts that have immense biotechnology applications. Lipases can be isolated from fungi, yeast, bacteria, plant and animal sources. Out of these, the bacterial lipases are more economical and stable. The bacterial lipases are of great demand because of their potential application in various industries like dairy and food industry for the hydrolysis of milk fat cheese ripening, flavour enhancement and lipolysis of butter fat and cream, to increase fabric absorbency in textile industry, synthesis of biodegradable polymer or compound and different trans esterification reaction. In present investigation, soil samples were collected from oil and fat contaminated soils of dairy industry, oil refinery industries, garage and oil mills of Chandigarh Area. The lipolytic bacteria were isolated from oil contaminated soils and the screening was done by qualitative plate assay.The isolates were grown on Tributyrin agar base plates (Tributyrin media 1% (v/v)) and incubated at 37˚C for 48hrs. Zone of Clearance was observed due to hydrolysis of Tributyrin.The isolates were characterized using morphological and biochemical studies viz., colony morphology, gram staining and IMViC. Further selection of the isolated strains can be done by the Lipase assay using p-NPP (p-nitrophenylpalmitate).
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OP: 19 SYNTHESIS SILVEROF NANOPARTICLES FROM BIOLOGICAL SOURCES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS Kanika Arora*, Ajay Kumar, Akshima Sharma, AnjuKimari, Sweta Sharma, Neetu Sharma Department of Biotechnology, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College Sector-32, Chandigarh
ABSTRACT Nanotechnology is an important field of modern research dealing with design, synthesis and manipulation of particle structures ranging approximately 1-100nm. Nanobiotechnology deals with the synthesis of nanostructures using living organisms. Among the use of living organisms for nanoparticle synthesis, plants have found application particularly in metal nanoparticle synthesis. Metal nanoparticles produced by nanotechnology have received global attention due to their extensive applications in biomedical and physiochemical fields. Silver nanoparticles have unique properties which help in molecular diagnosis,in therapies as well as in devices that are used in medical procedures. Synthesis using microorganisms and plants has been recognized as green and efficient way of using them asnano-factories. The present research deals with the synthesis of metal nanoparticles from common plant and bacterial sources. The plant sources used are Allium cepa and bacterial isolates are isolated from different local sources. The bacterial isolates were characterized using morphological and biochemical tests. The characterization of silver nanoparticles were carried out using UV-VIS spectroscopy. Silver nanoparticles have been long known to exert strong inhibitory and antibacterial effects. These particles release potassium ions from bacteria thus making plasma membrane an important target. This effect is studied by CFU (colony forming units) and MPN(Most probable number) tests. Another aspect of studying the bactericidal activity is by monitoring the effect of nanoparticles on growth of strains by agar well diffusion method.
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OP: 20 MYTHS RELATED TO SEXUAL ASSAULTS IN MEDICAL AND NON-MEDICAL STUDENTS OF CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY Manmeet kaur1*, Muskan2, Dr. Priyanka Verma3 Department of Forensic science, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab, India [email protected]
ABSTRACT In the present study Medical and non-medical student’s views regarding acceptance and expectancy of sexual assault were surveyed. The survey was conducted on samples of 100 Non- medical and 100 Medical students.Myths play a vital role in our society’s acceptance and understanding towards assault victims. Misconceptions like girl’s exposure to pubs and bars during late night put them in danger of assault.90% of Non medical students believe that exposure to night life increases assaults whereas 60% of medical students agreed with this.These general statementsareused mainly to shift the blame of sexual assault from culprit to victim. Thus less number of cases are filed in police stations due to these readily accepted statements. Even the victim don’t feel safe in filing a complaint against the culprit because of these myths and not so understanding nature of our society. The acceptance of assault victim by our society is most needed as it can motivate the victim to fight against the crime. There are different kind of assaults in today’s world like child assault, sexual assaults done by husbands on their wives, assault by someone with whom the victim had sex before. 90% of students from Non medical branches believe that Males can also be the victim of sexual assault whereas 95% of students from medical branches agree with this staement. Also 95% of students from non medical branches and 98% of students from medical branches agree that assaults are done mostly by relatives. Our judicial system should be more powerful and should have more strict punishments against such kind of assaults. 95% of students from both medical and non medical students didn’t agree with punishment of just 7 years imprisonment and were inclined towards harsher punishments for culprits.
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OP: 21 Modern Biotechnology tools in Rubus Samriti Sharma1* 1Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh group of colleges, Landran, Mohali E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Rubus is the main member of Rosaceae family having basic chromosome number seven. It is native to temperate and subtropical regions of eastern Asia. Rubus is a medicinally important wild fruit crop used in the treatment of fever, cough, sore throat, epithelial cancer, cardiovascular disease. Important traits in Rubus are genetically encoded i.e Yield, insect-pest resistance and quality linked parameters. But breeding in Rubus is tedious and time consuming due to highly heterozygous nature of this perennial fruit crop. Recent advances in the development of DNA or molecular markers have irreversibly changed the disciplines of breeding in Rubus. Increasing the role of genomics and genome editing technologies in Rubus presents new opportunities to develop more focused molecular tools for gene discovery and deployment which is not possible with conventional breeding techniques. So, the advancement in genomic information and modifications in linked properties directly improve crop by improving various traits in Rubus.
OP: 22 Synthesis and characterization of Cross-linked cellulase enzyme aggregates (CLEA) by ethanol desolvation technique Jagdish Singh, *Gundeep Kaur Department of Biotechnology, Mata Gujri College Fatehgarh Sahib Punjab- 147 002, India E–mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Cellulase is one of most useful enzymes in industry. In the present work cross linked cellulase enzyme aggregates (CLEA) was synthesized. The influence of several factors on the CLEA Synthesis including the pH value, time, Ca2+ concentration and incubation time was investigated by response surface methodology (RSM). CLEA was synthesized with ethanol desolvation technique followed by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The residual enzyme activity of CLEA was 21.61% with ethanol. CLEA has better pH and temperature stability than free enzyme. 40 | P a g e
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CLEA Particles have lower Km value. For characterizing the CLEA, Zeta-sizer and FT-IR was employed. Average diameter of CLEA was 2575nm, whereas average diameter of free enzyme was 770.4 nm.
OP: 23 Thermal tolerance of Cronobacter sakazakii in reconstituted powdered infant formula as affected by prior growth conditions
Rajni*, Wamik Azmi Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla-171005 E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The presence of Cronobacter sakazakii in reconstituted powdered infant milk formula (PIMF) poses a high risk to infants and neonates dependent on reconstituted PIMF. Despite the use of various advanced food processing technologies, the frequent infections from C. sakazakii has been reported worldwide as this pathogen overcomes the hurdle imposed in food processing units. During food processing, foodborne pathogens may undergo a series of stresses, such as heating, freezing, acidic pH, osmotic stress or exposure to cleaners and disinfectants. Stress responses may sometimes induce the acquisition of tolerance to subsequent severe stress of a different nature in a phenomenon called cross-resistance response or cross-protection. C. sakazakii has been reported to be one of the stress resistant pathogen among Enterobacteriaceae.Physiological state prior to reconstitution affects the thermo tolerance of C. sakazakii.Therefore, it is appropriate to study the stress survival property of C. sakazakii through reconstitution of PIMF with stressed cells at different temperatures.The influence of two physiological stresses on thermal tolerance of five C. sakazakii strains was investigated by determining D-values of C. sakazakii strains in reconstituted powdered infant formula at different reconstitution temperature (52, 55, 58 0C). Cold stress significantly increased thermal tolerance of all strains while all strains showed decreased thermal tolerance after desiccation. C. sakazakii N15 strain was found to be the most resistant with highest D- values of 18.18 min. at 52 0C and 0.64 min. at 58 0C after cold stress exposure and 14.70 min. at 52 0C and 0.78 min. at 58 0C after starvation among all tested strains. The study demonstrated that thermal tolerance of
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C. sakazakii depended on the strain studied, the growth condition and the reconstitution temperature.
OP: 24 Isolation of biosurfactant producing bacteria from food sources
Jagdish Singh, *Surbhi Goyal
Department of Biotechnology, Mata Gujri College Fatehgarh Sahib Punjab-147002 India Corresponding Authors. Fax +911763232247, E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT For their emulsifying activities as well as for the inhibition of some pathogenic microorganisms, biosurfactants produced by lactobacilli could find important applications in food industry. In the present study, bacterial cultures isolated from various (23) food sources were explored for biosurfactant production. Yield was measured in terms of Emulsification index (EI), Oil displacement Assay (ODA) and Drop collapse assay (DCA) and maximum Emulsification activity (E24) was 70%, ODA was 4.5 cm and DCA was 1 cm of highest BS producer strain (Lactobacillus K5). The optimization studies revealed that Glucose (2%) and Yeast extract (1%) were best Carbon and Nitrogen sources for biosurfactant (1.5 g/100mL) production.
OP: 25 Biogas production technology: Bigger future perspective Dr. S.M. Bhatt and Shilpa Director : Merit Life Sciences, Phagwara Punjab Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Biogas is one of the best alternatives solutions in such as crisis. Indian production in 2014-15, was about 20,700 lakh cubic meters Biogas wasonly 5% of the total LPG consumption. Now, present government is setting up of various Biogas plants in several state in direction of IOCL in order to increase production of biogas. Biogas production requires waste productas substrate and is easy to digest in anaerobic conditions.
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Methane and carbon dioxide is primary content of biogas while hydrogen sulphide, moisture and siloxanes are also presents in small fractions. Methane, hydrogen and carbon monoxide are highly combustible and can be oxidized with oxygen releasing useful energy which can be used as energy or electricity and also they can be used in vehicle without any engine modifications. Specially designed gas engine can convert the gas into useful energy such as electricity and heat. Methane gas production can be a suitable versatile source for vehicle fuel and can be produced in the wet or dry fermentation system.
Biogas is highly combustible due to presence of CH4, H2, CO2 so is proved to be a better biofuel. Additional features are it can be used in engines to convert electricity and heat and thus also can be used as fuel for cars and other vehicles. Biogas can be compressed well similar to other gases like CNG or natural gas and is very useful in terms of techno economical aspects. CATERPILLER INC. and biogas turbine is used to convert biogas into electricity and heat. There is unique method of conversion of substrate into biogas under anaerobic oxidation using methanogenic bacteria under closed system by a process called as fermentation. Due to enhancednitrogen content after biogas formation, agrowaste mixed with dung often results in good biofertilizers. Biogas production shall be a suitable option for reducing greenhouse gases.
OP: 26 Purification and applications of pyocyanin pigment extracted from P. aeruginosa SSH-3
Alka Rani* and Wamik Azmi Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla-171005
ABSTRACT Pyocyanin, the secondary metabolite is extracellular pigment produced by the P. aeruginosa SSH-3 (GenBank Accession no.- MH038271) isolated from the slaughter house effluent sample, Shimla. Pyocyanin is produced under submerged fermentation condition. The pyocyanin pigment was extracted from fermentation broth by chloroform solvent extraction method. Purification of the pigment was done by silica gel column and thin layer chromatography. The Rf value for pyocyanin pigment solution was found to be around 0.83. Confirmation of the pigment as pyocyanin was done by UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis and maximum absorption with 43 | P a g e
CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) pigment was observed at 270-280nm. Antibacterial activities of different concentrations of pigment were studied against various pathogens B. cereus, S. aureus, Shigella, Salmonella and L. monocytogenes and minimum inhibitory concentration was calculated. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of pyocyanin against tested bacteria ranged from 0.225 to 3.6µg/mL. Free radical scavenging activity of pyocyanin was estimated by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The 74% of free radical was scavenged by the pyocyanin at concentration of 30µg/ml. Pigment showed very high free radical scavenging activity at very low concentrations, which is a positive indication for the safe use of compounds as antioxidant molecule.
OP: 27 Plasmid profiling and curing of multiple drug resistant bacteria by using different curing agents Kiran* and Wamik Azmi Department of Biotechnology Himachal Pradesh University, SummerHill, Shimla-171005 E-mail ID [email protected] ABSTRACT Pathogenic bacteria are resistant to commonly used antibiotics become a major global healthcare problem in the 21st century. When bacteria become resistant to more than one drugs then they are known as multiple drug resistant bacteria. Plasmid is one of the genetic factors that carry the resistant property against a specific drug or a number of drugs in bacteria. Thus the elimination of such drug resistant plasmids results in loss of antibiotics resistant by the bacterial cell. The process of elimination of plasmid DNA from bacteria is known as plasmid curing. The four bacterial isolates obtained from clinical samples (P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii, S. typhii, Y. pseudotuberculosis) were used to check the resistivity of bacteria before and after curing of plasmid by using different curing agents viz., acridine orange, sodium dodecyl sulphate, acriflavine and novobiocin. Among all these curing agents, novobiocin treated bacteria showed less resistivity against multiple drugs. The resistivity of bacteria before plasmid curing was 75, 38, 16, 18% for P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii, S. typhii and Y. pseudotuberculosis, respectively. However, after treatment with novobiocin the resistivity reduced to 19, 3, 6, 2% for P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii, S. typhii and Y. pseudotuberculosi,respectively.
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OP: 28 Antimicrobial Efficacy of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Dr. Balwinder Singh Sooch, ManpreetKaur Mann* Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, India E-mail ID: [email protected]; [email protected] Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that includes a vast and diverse array of nanomaterial based devices. Nanoparticles are an effective bridge between bulk materials and atomic or molecular structures.Metal based nanoparticles possess several biomedical (antimicrobial agents, medical imaging, drug delivery, medical diagnostic, sensors, etc.), catalytic, environmentalapplications in addition to their use in food, electronics, biology and material science sector. Among inorganic nanoparticles, iron oxide nanoparticles exhibit good antimicrobial potential and their antimicrobial activity may vary as a function of surface area in contact with the microbe. In the present study, iron oxide nanoparticles weresynthesized, characterized (UV-Visible spectroscopy and SEM) and investigated for its antimicrobial potential against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 737, Bacillus pumilusMTCC 1607) and Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli MTCC 1687 and Pseudomonas oleovorans MTCC 617).The synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles were characterized through UV-Visible spectroscopy and an absorption peak was obtained at 270 nm, confirms the successful formation of iron oxide nanoparticles. The micrographs from the SEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticles were of irregular shapes, different sizes and homogeneously distributed over the surface. The size range of the nanoparticles observed was 125 nm to 281 nm, which further confirms the presence of nano sized particles.The antimicrobial activity of synthesized nanoparticles was also compared with standard antibiotics. The results revealed that iron oxide nanoparticles showed good zone of inhibition against microbes and were found to be much more effective antibacterial agent when compared with the standard antibiotics. Hence, it can be concluded from the present investigations that iron oxide nanoparticles possess good potential to be used as antimicrobial agent in pharmaceutical and food applications.
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OP: 29
Production, Optimization and Characterization of Wine from Papaya
Sonica Sondhi Chandigarh College of Technology, CGC Landran, Mohali Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Papaya (carica papaya) is one of the most important fruit trees grown in India. Pawpaw is grown mostly for fresh consumption or for production of latex. Because they are eaten without the skin, the peels are considered to be waste. Papaya peels also have high sugar content and also contain antiproliferating and antimicrobial activities so they can also be used to produce wine. In the current invention, wine was made from papaya peels. Peels were obtained from the papaya fruits, dried and crushed to obtain powder of uniform size. This powder was then subjected to fermentation by yeast to produce wine. Papaya peel wine was prepared with 23.5% ethanol, 94mg/ml total proteins, 0.6% total acidity and 4gm/l total phenols for peel wine and with 25.2% ethanol, 47mg/ml total proteins, 0.8% total acidity, 8.5gm/l total phenols for leaf wine. Further, papaya leaves are known for their anticancer properties, fighting breast cancer, liver, cervix, pancreatic and lung cancer. In future role of papaya wine will be studied for its anticancer properties. It is quite possible to utilize papaya fruits successfully to make an acceptable quality of wine as per the procedure developed. OP: 30 Alginate lyase for degradation of muciod Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofiolm Kriti Kanwar* WamiK azmi Email I.D: [email protected] Department of Biotechnology ,Himachal Pradesh University ,Summerhill , Shimla 171005 ABSTRACT Alginate lyase are group of enzymes that can breakdown alginate so it is promising therapeutic agent for treating muciod Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis. Once muciod strain establishes in respiratory tract they cannot be eliminated by antibiotic treatment alone. In such cases co- administration of alginate lyases and antibiotics might benefit CF patients. So 46 | P a g e
CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) keeping in view therapeutic importance of alginate lyases attempts have been made to isolate novel and hyper producer. For this samples of different brown algae and soil sample around fishing port from various locations in India were collected. Microbes growing on the seaweed and in soil sample were screened for their ability to produce alginate lyase on plate using cetyl pyridinium chloride. Two hyperproducers, SN4+ and FP11T had maximum activities and were identified as Bacillus thuringiensis and Peanibacillus lutus, respectively, by 16SRNA gene sequence analysis. The optimal temperature for growth and production of alginate lyase by is Bacillus thuringiensis 37°C. The optimum pH for growth and production was found to be 7-8.5 for optimium enzyme activity. RSM for optimization of production parameters was applied to enchance the enzyme activity.Alginate lyase production by Bacillus thuringiensis was alsostudied in an aerated submerged bioreactor. .
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POSTER PRESENTATIONS
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PP: 1
Isolation, Characterization and Probiotic potential analysis of Lactic Acid Bacteria from milk and milk products of Solan, Himachal Pradesh
Vibhuti Sharmaa, Sonu Sharmaa, Ruchi Kumaria, Sakshi Thakura, Zubin Thakura, Vivek Kumara, Vikas Kumara* aFaculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Head Post Office, Solan (H.P.), India. E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Milk consisted of high nutritive food value for new born mammal and human beings it also act as a ideal growth medium for the microbial proliferation. The present study was conducted to isolate, characterize and probiotic potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria isolated from different milk sources. Different milk products were spreaded on selective media with appropriate dilution for the isolation of potential probiotic strains and pure cultures were obtained by continuous sub culturing. Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria was done by Gram’s staining and Catalase test and further confirmation was based on morphological, cultural, physiological and different biochemical tests. A total nine isolates C1, C2, B1, G1, G2, G3, CH1, CH2 and L1 were identified after different biochemical tests. These isolates were examined for further biochemical characterization including catalase test, indole production test, citrate utilization test, MR-VP test, oxidase test and carbohydrate fermentation and Enzymatic activities including Cellulase test, Amylase test, Protease test and Lipase test and Probiotic properties including tolerance to different concentration of NaCl and Phenol, Haemolytic activity and anti-bacterial activity. Biochemical characterization of isolates was done in which isolates C1, C2, C3, CH1, and CH2 were catalase negative, whereas, L1, G1, G2 and G3 showed release of oxygen gas. All the bacterial isolates were negative for indole production. Only CH2, G1 and G2 showed utilization of sodium citrate, thus converting the color of media from green to blue. Enzyme assay was done in which C1, B1, G3, CH1 and CH2 showed maximum enzyme activities. Probiotic potential of
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) bacterial isolates was analysed and C2 and CH1 shows maximum salt tolerance and B1 and CH2 shows maximum phenol tolerance. The supernatant of CH1, CH2 showed antibacterial activity against B. subtilis; whereas, CH1 showed antibacterial activity against E. coli. The supernatant of C1, C2, B1, G2 and G3 showed antibacterial activity against B. subtilis. This may be probably due to bacteriocin production by these isolates. It was found that G1, G2, CH2, L1 and C2 showed α-haemolysis; whereas, CH1, B1, C1 and G3 showed γ-haemolysis; indicating the safe utilization of these isolates as probiotics in food industries.
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Phytocompounds of traditional Himalayan medicinal plants asBio-enhancer of antibiotics against fungal pathogens.
Rajan Roltaa, Akash Sharmaa, Jagdish Vermaa, Vikas Kumara, Anuradha Sourirajana, David J. Baumlerb,c,d,, Kamal Deva,b* aYeast Biology Laboratory,Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. bDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, cMicrobial and Plant Genomic Institute, and dBiotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesSt. Paul, Minnesota, USA E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Candidiasisis caused by Candida species and is becoming difficult to treat with antibiotics due to the development of multidrug resistance (MDR). Traditionally, extracts /paste or decoction of medicinal plants have been used to treat topical infections and for curing many other diseases. A new and emerging approach is to develop more potent antifungals by combining phytocompounds with synthetic antibiotics (synergistic effect). In this direction, the current study was focussed to identify the phytocompounds of unexplored Himalayan herbs that could enhance the potency of antifungal antibiotics and thus remedy to treat drug resistant Candidiasis. Solvent extracts of different Himalayan herbs were prepared using cold maceration method.Antifungal activity was analysed using agar well diffusion and broth dilution method. 51 | P a g e
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Assays for enhancement of antibiotic activity were performed using protocol described by CLSI 2015. Phytocompounds were purified using silica TLC and identified by LS-MS.Among different medicinal plants, rhizome extracts of Rheum emodi and Bistorta macrophylla and leaves and rhizome of Bergenialigulata enhanced the antifungal activity of fluconazole and amphotericin B. Emodin-D4, Rhein-13C6, Chrysophanol dimethyl ether and derivative of Resveratrol were identified in rhizome extract of R. emodi and showed antifungal activity. These phytocompounds also showed antioxidant potential. The synergistic therapy of combining antibiotics with phytocompounds could target multiple pathways and hence a promising tool to combat drug resistance in Candida species. This approach has more potential (compared to traditional drug discovery, which is costly and time consuming) and can reduce the dose of single drug usage with increased drug efficacy and in turn lower toxicity.
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Synthesis and evaluation of cell cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of some 4- (coumarin-3-yl)-2-(3,5-dimethyl-4-aryldiazenylpyrazol-1-yl)thiazoles: Potential standalone or adjuvant antimicrobial agents Mukesh Kumari1*, Ramesh Kataria2
1K. M. Government College, Narwana, Jind-126116, 2Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014 E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Over the past few decades, globally antibiotic repository has become less effective due to both antibiotic overuse and an increase in antimicrobial drug resistance. Even common bacterial (e.g. S. aureus, E. coli) and fungal (e.g. C. albicans) pathogens are developing resistance against widely prescribed antibacterial and antifungal drugs like Amphotericin B, Fluconazole, Chloroamphenicol and Penicillin. This is particular dangerous considering that the major bacterial as well as fungal pathogens such as Candida sp. account for ~75% of all infections and
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) represent the 4th leading cause of nosocomial infections. We herein report the synthesis, characterization and biological activities of coumarin-thiazole-pyrazole (CTP) molecular hybrids with an effort to explore and overcome the increasing antimicrobial resistance. The compounds were characterized by analyzing their spectral and elemental analysis data. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds was investigated against various pathogenic strains; the results obtained were further explained with the help of DFT and molecular orbital calculations. Compound 1b and 1f displayed good antimicrobial activity and synergistic effects when used with Kanamycin and Amphotericin B. The results of molecular docking study were used to better rationalize the action and prediction of the binding modes of these compounds.
PP: 4 Isolation and screning of IAA producing Rhizobacteria from root associated soil and their biochemical characterization
Khyati Oberoi, Shailja Kumari, Swati and Arun Kumar Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Science, Bajhol, Solan, India
ABSTRACT
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) is group of free-living bacteria that colonize the rhizosphere and contribute to increase growth and yield of crop plant. PGPR includes different traits which make them well suited as biofertilizer and biocontrol agents. In this study different rhizospheric soil samplesof Phaseolus vulgaris were collected from different locations of Solan in (H.P) India. A total of 30 bacteria were isolated out of which 15 bacterial isolates were studied for in vitro screening for different plant growth promotion activities i.e. Phosphate solubilization, IAA production, Ammonia production, HCN production. The best isolate showed maximum plant growth promotion activity which was further tested to check the compatibility with different pesticides. The overall study showed that PGPR strains are eco-friendly and provide sustainable approach to the increased production of crops. Hence, these isolates can be utilized as biofertilizer under local agro-climatic conditions in Himachal Pradesh.
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PP: 5
Quality of life of persons affected by leprosy in an endemic area,MRHRU Ghatampur, India. Farah Naaz, Partha Sarathi Mohanty ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra ABSTRACT
Leprosy is one of the oldest diseases known to man. Despite advances in all spheres of medical science, leprosy continues to be a public health challenge in countries like India. The burden of disease associated with M. lepraeinfection in humans from the ability of this bacterial pathogen to induce severe injury of peripheral nerves (Schwann cells) and skin. Quality of life (QoL) is the general well-being of an individual or society experiencing the standard of health, comfort, and happiness and it is a highly subjective measure. Leprosy and leprosy-related disabilities may predispose people to develop psychological, economic, and social problems which have an adverse effect on QoL. This study aimed to assess the QoL and the factors associated with the QoL of persons affected by leprosy reporting at leprosy referral centre, MRHRU Ghatampur, Uttar Pradesh India. Study was conducted with 36 individuals affected with leprosy who attended the hospital outpatient department at MRHRU Ghatampur. Collect the demographic profile and disease profile of persons affected with leprosy. The demographic profiles included gender, age, education, occupation, family income, and family size. The disease profiles included disease duration and disability grade.We investigated the diagnosis of leprosy using diagnostic RLEP-PCR. DNA was isolated from slit skin smear samples taken from the patients and the isolated DNA were amplified using RLEP-PCR. The amplified products were run on agarose gel. The result showed that out of 36 patients, 12 were positive (33.3%) to leprosy and 24 (66.6%) were negative. 19.4% were female and 11.1% were male positive, were doing occupation as labor and farmer. Nearly half of the respondents were living in a medium size family and majority had their monthly family income below Rs. 5000 in Indian currency. More than half of the respondents had physical impairment. The study observed that the physical disability and family income were influencing more on QoL. Continued monitoring, counseling, and socioeconomic rehabilitation might improve the QoL of persons affected with leprosy. 54 | P a g e
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PP: 6 Food quality and safety: An alarming concern from farm to fork
Dr. Nitika Thakur Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan., HP (India). Abstract Food quality and safety are of concern to every individual. The quality of fresh produce is often judged by visual characteristics such as size, shape, color, and freedom from blemishes which, it could be argued, are enhanced by pesticide and fungicide applications. Concerns about the possible consequences of using increasing amount of chemical fertilizers have led to a strong interest in alternative strategies to ensure competitive yields and protection of crops. Indiscriminate use of pesticides and herbicides could cause diverse changes in biological balance as well as lead to an increase in the incidence of cancer and other diseases, through the toxic residues present in the edible produce. Up to now, industrialized production methods have clearly shown severe limitations such as a worldwide contamination of the food chain and water by persistent pesticide residues, and reduced nutrient and flavor contents through low-cost intensive food production. The present study highlights the increasing trend of pesticides by the farmers to increase the food production and the amount of pesticide that resides in the final produce that reaches a consumer. An alternative survey also focuses on the use of integrating organic practices by the certified organic farmer groups (OFG’s). A parallel analysis has been drawn (GCMS-Fig 1,2 and 3) by comparing the different patterns of cultivation on persistence of pesticides residues which travels through a producer cultivation chain and reaches a food consumption criteria thus, surpassing the set Maximum Residual Limits (MRL).
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PP: 7
HARNESSING THE IMMUNE SYSTEM TO COMBAT CANCER Rajat Kumar Sabharwal
Email ID- [email protected] S.G.G.S College, Sec-26 Chandigarh
ABSTRACT
The main premise of Cancer immunotherapy is stimulating the patient's immune system to attack the malignant tumor cells and reject cancer.The recent clinical success of several anticancer immunotherapies has provided a boost to the field. Immunotherapy approaches target different steps of cancer immunity cycle. The immune system can recognize and eliminate cancer but sometimes tumor-induced immunosuppression can diminish the induction of antitumor immune response, leading to escape and progression of cancer. Immuno-oncology involves Passive and active therapies. Passive therapies like anti-tumor mAbs, CAR-T, TCRs and TILs are immunology based but don’t engage host immune system whereas Active therapies like Cytokine treatment involves a direct profusion of cytokines into the patient. Other than these Immune checkpoint mechanisms and Cancer vaccines also help in combating cancer. Anticancer therapeutics such as the immune checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab and the therapeutic vaccine sipuleucel-T (for prostate cancer)have recently received regulatory FDA approval, and several other agents are in clinical trials. Nevertheless, recent encouraging clinical resultsmay herald a new era for anticancer immunotherapy thus saving the lives of many cancer patients who really want to live.
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Single nucleotide polymorphism- striding towards personalized medicine Bhatti GK1*, Vijayvergiya R2, Bhatti JS3 1University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab India 2Department of Cardiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India 3Department of Biotechnology, SGGS College, Chandigarh, India ABSTRACT
To understand the concept of personalized medicine (PM), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could be a key enabler. SNPs are responsible for over 80% of the variation between two individuals, hence ideal for the mission of chasing for correlations between genotype and phenotype.Elucidating the genetic components that contribute to their pathogenesis Coronary Artery Disease is challenging. Present case control study was planned to examine the association ofSNPs in methylene tetrahydrofolatereductase(MTHFR) for (677 C/T) gene for CAD and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) for GSTM1/T1 and GSTP1 genes with CAD and T2DM in north Indian population.A total of 622 subjects (315 CAD patients and 307 controls) for MTHFR AND 351 healthy controls, 337 T2DM patients, and 318 T2DM+CAD for GSTM1/T1 and GSTP1 genes were analyzed.Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics were done in all the subjects. Polymerase chain reactions followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis were carried out to evaluate the risk of CAD. The CAD patients showedevident abdominal adiposity reflected by their significantly higher waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, even at the normal BMI values suggested for Asian Indians. Dyslipidemia, was an established risk factor for development of CAD. The genotyping data revealed significant association of MTHFR gene with the risk of CAD in our population.The 677 C/T polymorphism in MTHFR gene may be associated with increased risk of CAD in north Indian population.The conventional risk factors such as age, abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia were also independently linked with the amplified risk of CAD.Genotyping of GSTM1/T1 and P1 genes, measures of abdominal obesity (BMI and Waist circumference), lipid-profile along with oxidative biomarkers were measured in all the study participants. Results display pronounced values of WC, WHR, MDA and TAC in T2DM and T2DM+CAD subjects compared to controls 57 | P a g e
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(p<0.001). Dyslipidemia was more evident in T2DM patients than controls. GSTM1 (-) and GSTT1 (-) genotypes (%) were significantly higher in T2DM, and T2DM+CAD subjects. Regression analysis of the data revealed significant association of GSTM1 (-) and GSTT1 (-) genotypes shows 2.3-fold and 1.6 fold increased risk of T2DM, respectively. Contrary, GSTP1 gene did not show significant association with T2DM. Additionally, GSTT1 (-) genotype alone shows 1.57-fold increased risk of CAD in T2DM subjects. Moreover, significantly reduced level of HDL-C was observed in the individuals carring GSTM1(-) and GSTT1(-)genotypes. In conclusion, oxidative stress, abdominal obesity and null genotypes of GSTM1/T1 genes strongly contribute to the development of T2DM related CAD complications in Asian Indian population. In conclusion, further, large studies in different ethnic backgrounds may be necessary to elucidate the association susceptibility genes and CAD in Indian population.
PP: 9 ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS FROM SOIL ISOLATES Amandeep Singh1*, Dr. Saurabh Gupta2 1Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, GSSDGS Khalsa College, Patiala 2Assistant Professor, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib Email: [email protected], ABSTRACT Production of antimicrobial substance from microorganisms is of utmost importance as these substances helps to protect life form various infection. Keeping this in mind, in present work isolation and screening of the potential strains harboring antibiotic properties has been carried out. These culture isolates; A-1 and A-5 were isolated from soil samples collected from Patiala and Ludhiana. For the purpose of identification of culture isolate, the morphological characteristics emphasized that both the cultures are Gram positive. Different characteristics were observed while subjecting both strains to biochemical analysis like oxidase, catalase, methyl red, voges-proskaur, gelatin liquification, casein and starch hydrolysis tests. Both the isolates were observed positive for Fructose, Maltose, Lactose, Glucose and Sucrose fermentation. Separation of antimicrobial agent into individual components was carried out by paper chromatography after its extraction using a solvent system composed of chloroform and
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) methanol (24: 1 v/v). For both of the isolates (A-1 and A-5); out of two bands only one band at
Rf = 0.36 and 0.25 showed antimicrobial activity against E. coli and B. subtilis respectively. The biological activities of the antimicrobial agent emphasized that the antimicrobial compound was active against Gram-positive B. subtilis and Gram negative E. coli.
PP: 10 Bioremoval of synthetic crystal violet dye using isolated bacterial strain Dr. Simmi Goel, Department of Biotechnology, Mata Gujri College, Sri Fatehgarh Sahib, Satnam Singh, [email protected] ABSTRACT Wastewater discharge from textile industries to water bodies can be characterized on the basis of the presence of non-decomposable dyes and a variety of toxic materials in the wastewater stream. Textile industries use different kinds of dyes and chemicals in their manufacturing processes for fabric pretreatment. These methods besides meeting the product demands of industry also resulted in release of harmful waste products that are discharged to water bodies without any treatment. The present research work was designed so as to provide bacterial treatment for synthetic crystal violet dye in aqueous solution.The textile dye effluent collected for isolation of bacterial strains was dark green in color, high in pH, high in BOD and COD values indicating high level of pollution load. The effect of various parameters like pH, contact time, % inoculum, addition of yeast extract, nitrogen source were studied for the maximum removal of crystal violet dye by isolated bacterial strain.The optimized pH, contact time, %inoculumwere 6, 120 minutes and 15% respectively and the removal of crystal violet achieved was 70%. From this research work, it can be concluded that biological methods proved to be more reliable and economical for dye decolorization.
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Analysis of Fingerprints and Palm prints Pattern of Identical Twins of Malwa Population, Punjab.
Komaljeet Kaur, Dr. Priyanka Verma, Ms. Nitu Rani Department of Forensic Science and Toxicology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab, India.
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Fingerprints and palm prints are the impressions of the friction ridges of skin on the all parts of fingers and palm region of the hand. The fingerprints and palm prints are unique and permanent to every person and the fingerprints are classified also. The fingerprints and palm prints are used for verification and personal identification of individuals, even in cases of identical twins. The identical twins have a large similarity because of their closest genetic relationship. Biometrics is the most important and automated way which is used to solve the crime cases by recognizing the physical and behavioral characteristics of an individual. The main purpose of this study of fingerprints and palm prints of identical twins is to examine the similarities and dissimilarities of prints patterns in the pairs. The results of this study illustrates that further work should be done which will provide more information in other areas of dermatoglyphics to explore in future investigation of crime cases.
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Modern Upgrades on Antimicrobial Prospectives of Improved Coumarin Derivatives Sweety Birla Universal Institute of Pharmacy, Lalru ABSTRACT Microbial resistance is currently the greatest challenge to the effective treatment of infections globally. Affecting both clinical and financial therapeutic outcomes. Thus, medicinal chemists have to design and develop novel series of antimicrobial drugs which are effective against resistant
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) microbes. A large number of aromatic heterocyclic nucleus bearing benzopyrone as basic structure like coumarin are having broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities like antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-tubercular, and anti-malarial activities etc. The synthesized coumarin derivatives were investigated in vitro under aseptic conditions, for antibacterial and antifungal potential against various gram positive and gram negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.A.), Staphylococcus aureus (S .aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and some fungal strains such as, Candida albican, and Aspergillus niger. Compounds SB-01, SB-02, SB-03, SB-04, SB-05, and Upto SB25 were synthesized where SB22 exhibited promising antibacterial activity. The target compounds showed in vitro antibacterial & antifungal activity comparable to reference antibiotic ciprofloxacin.
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Extent of oxidative stress, DNA damage and resulting health hazards with special emphasis on reproductive health in traffic police personnel.
Nipunjot Kaur Soni-Bains Head, Department of Biotechnology, Khalsa College, Patiala. ABSTRACT Exposure to environmental pollutants is always known to be harmful to health and air pollution has direct impact on human health. In past decade several studies highlighted the important contribution of ambient air pollution to excessive mortality rate (Schwartz, 2001). Exposure to particulate air pollution has been found to be associated with increase in cardiovascular, respiratory and other disorders in leading countries (Samuel et. al., 2000; Dockery 2009) including India (Kumar et. al., Rajarathan et. al., 2011). The levels of respirable, suspended particulate matter in most of the Indian cities are above the national ambient air quality standards. Most important contributor to air pollution in the cities is exhaust from petrol and diesel fuelled vehicles. Millions of people are exposed to this poor quality of air for years. The consequences could be adverse health effects. Impact of air pollution depends on the pollutant type, its concentration in the air, length of exposure, other pollutants in the air and individual susceptibility. In this respect, traffic police are at particular risk due to nature of their job, since they are exposed to emission of vehicles for a long time (sometimes 6 months- 1 year at the rate
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) of 5-6 h/day), moreover they are positioned at roundabouts where concentration of the pollutants is comparatively very high as compared to other places.
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Utilization of lignocellulosic waste for cellulose production by isolatesfrom different soil samples
Manisha Thakur, Riya Bhattacharya*, Manisha, Jyoti Sharma and Dr.Meenu Thakur.
Shoolini Institute of Life Sciences and business management (SILB), Anand Building, Mall Road, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173212. India
ABSTRACT
Cellulose is the most abundant biomass on earth. Lignocellulosic waste can be converted into value added products due to abundance and renewable nature. Cellulases are hydrolytic enzymes with numerous industrial applications. In present work isolation of cellulase producing microorganism from different soil samples was carried out. Bacterial isolate MI 1 was selected hyperproducerwith maximum activity. Optimization of various physico-chemical parameters were performed and 4.3 fold increase in enzyme activity was reported. Maximum enzyme activity (98.12 IU/ml) was obtained in medium containing sawdust, soyabean meal (1%), starch (1%) with pH 7 at 37°C after 16 hrs of incubation. The isolate MI 1 was partially characterized as Bacillus using Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology.This isolate can be promising for setting up basic technology for degradation of lignocellulosic waste which helps in cleaning environment. On the other hand, useful applications of cellulase can be tested.
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PP: 15 In silico evaluation of non synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in the MDR1 gene associated with cervical cancer Vandana Sharma, Riya Bhattacharya, Manisha*, Jyoti Sharma and Dr. Meenu Thakur
Shoolini Institute of Life Sciences and Business Management (SILB), Anand Building, Mall Road, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173212 India.
ABSTRACT
Cancer involves uncontrolled abnormal cell growth which has the potential to invade or spread to other body parts. It arises when a single cell accumulates a number of mutations.Cervical cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer. About 15% of cervical cancers are diagnosed in women over age 65. Few women under the age of 20 are diagnosed with cervical cancer. Genetically mutations alter DNA at single nucleotide base pairing sites known as single nucleotide polymorphism. It accounts for most common form of genetic variation. Synonymous SNPs do not affect the protein sequence while non-synonymous change the amino acid sequence of proteins. The most common treatment provided for cancer is chemotherapy. One disadvantage of chemotherapy is it leaves behind a higher proportion of drug resistance cells. A computational approach was undertaken to study systematic analysis of SNPs to predict the damaging mutations. Various bioinformatics tools like SIFT, Polyphen and SNPs and GOserver were used.
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Utilizationof waste tissue paper and Optimization of different parametersfor Ethanol production Reeta Kumari1* and Shelly Kataria1**
1Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
It is the need of the time that we should focus to inspect new energy resources because our present energy resources are declining and leads to devastating results for the global life quality and global economy as well. In transportation sector, bioethanol is the most commonly used biofuel as substitute of petrol. Bioethanol can be derived from domestic waste like waste tissue paper, newspaper, magazines. Present study deals with the utilization of waste tissue paper, waste office paper as a feedstock for the production of bio-etahanol which helps in waste management and production of biofuel. Two different types of samples, waste tissue paper and waste office paper were collected from different places. The bioethanol production was divided in three stages; pretreatment of raw material, acid hydrolysis and fermentation using yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.The dinitrosalicyclic acid method was used for estimating the concentration of reducing sugars in a sample. Optimization of various parameters viz. operation time for hydrolysis, adjustment of pH, amount of yeast and rate of aeration during fermentation was optimized. The best condition for acid hydrolysis of tissue paper was soaked in sulfuric acid and 120 min of reaction time in an autoclave at 3 hours.Fermentation was done at variable temperature range from 25 to 35°C and the gradual increase in ethanol production was found from 25 to 35°C.The maximum ethanol production was found at pH 6.0. Some physical tests were also performed to determine the properties of ethanol obtained. Thus, after optimization of all parameters the Ethanol produced can be utilized as sources of energy.
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BENEFITS OF BREASTFEEING FOR INFANT AND MOTHER
DEEPIKA KAPOOR, SANJIV KALIA Department of Microbiology, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India Email: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT
Breastfeeding is considered as the golden miracle for infants. Breastfeeding is the best source of nutrition for nearly all neonates and infant. The benefits of breastfeeding for the infant and lactating mother have shown very good results for both. Breast milk contains hormones, growth factors, cytokines, cells, probiotics etc. which gives very good physical health as well mentally growth for infant. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends breastfeeding at least for up to 6 months of age and can be prolonged until the age of 2 years. Breastfeeding is most cost effective way for reducing childhood saturninity such as obesity, hypertension, and gastroenteritis as well as mortality. The women who in breastfeeding return to pre pregancy weight very soon. Breastfeeding also associated with decreased risk of breast and ovarian cancer in premenopausal period and osteoporosis in the postmenopausal period. Breast milk is the baby’s natural food source because it is full of the nutrients required by the baby such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and minerals and most importantly antibodies needed to fight infections.
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Production of bioplastic by using bacterial isolate NYs5 from organic waste dumping site Nisha Yadav, Dr. Meenu Thakur*, Riya Bhattacharya, Manisha, Jyoti Sharma. Shoolini Institute of Life sciences and Business Management (SILB), Anand Building, Mall Road, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173212, India.
ABSTRACT Bioplastics are derived from microorganisms, biodegradable in nature with almost similar
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) properties to synthetic plastics, so they can replace synthetic plastics that is major threat to environment being potent pollutant. In the present study work was done to produce PHB from NYs5 partially identified as Enterococcus from dumping site of Solan and Kangra. Screening was performed using Sudan Black B dye based upon accumulation of PHB. Hyperproducer NYs5 was selected based upon accumulation of PHB production (143.95mg/ml). Physico- chemical parameters were optimized for optimum PHB production. FTIR was performed to characterize PHB which has confirmed the presence of functional groups present inPHB.
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Microalgae biorefinery: current challenges in the extraction of high value products
Ishtdeep Kaur*, Narinder Kaur, Parvirti Dhillon, Anjoo Kamboj, M. Arockia Babu Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Landran, Mohali (India) E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT In response to the depletion of natural sources, uprising energy crisis and climate change, microalgae have received much interest nowadays as a biofuel feedstock. Microalgae have great potential in generating energy from biotechnological processes using renewable sources and without compromising food security and agriculture. However, supplementation of microalgal biofuels from microalgae does not accomplish the economic feasibility of immense capital investments and operations. Thus, high-value co-products have been produced through the extraction of a fraction of algae to improve the economics of a microalgae biorefinery. Examples of these high-value products include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, anti-oxidants and pigments with applications in pharmaceuticals, nutritional and cosmetics industries. This review presents the current challenges and bottlenecks in integration of microalgae in the biorefinery and the extraction of high value products from the unification. Initiatives have been carried out in closed systems, but the closed systems need to operate at a large scale, to overcome the many drawbacks. At a large scale, algal growth conditions need to be closely controlled. The processes can be economical when using inexpensive sources of CO2 from flue gas emissions, wastewaters, and/or with the extraction of bioproducts for industrial use.
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Polo-Like Kinases: A Major Target in Cancer Therapeutics Deepali1 and Nitin Sharma1* 1Chandigarh College of Technology, Landran, Mohali, Panjab, India E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Polo like kinases (PLKs) are a subfamily of serine-threonine kinases, conserved from yeast to mammals. PLKs share a highly conserved catalytic protein kinase domain towards N-terminal, and a non- catalytic polo-box domain (PBD) consisting of two polo boxes towards C-terminal. Kinase domain participates in the activation/inactivation of substrates by phosphorylation, while PBD plays a critical role in targeting the catalytic activity of the PLKs to specific subcellular structures, which regulates cellular function, subcellular localization and substrate interactions. PLKs were first identified in Drosophila melanogaster mutants named as polo. In yeasts, there is a single PLK (Cdc5 in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Plo1 in fission yeast Schizosaccharomycespombe and CaCdc5 in pathogenic yeast Candida albicans while higher eukaryotes like worms (plk1, plk2, plk3, ZYG-1) and mammals (Plk1, Plk2/SNK, Plk3/FNK, Plk4 and Plk5) have multiple PLKs. Since then PLKs have been identified in most eukaryotes except plants. Targeting the various substrates of PLKs during cell division can be the major rescue initiative in cancer therapeutics.
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Biodegradation of diclofenac sodium by Bacillus sp. MSk-01 laccase Sonica Sondi, Disha Gudwani Chadigarh College of Technology, CGC, landran, Mohali-140307 Email: [email protected] Diclofenac sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug widely described as an anti- inflammatory and anti-pyretic analgesic. The globally consumed volume of diclofenac is estimated to be 940 tonnes per year with a defined daily dose of 100 mg. Due to its extensive use it is seen that it is continuously released into the environment in large quantities through different human activities like excretion and residues and wastes from hospitals and pharmaceutical 67 | P a g e
CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) industries which get into the wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) via wastewater from different sources. Its presence was reported in surface waters , groundwater and drinking waters in the range of ngL-1 to µgL-1 in the last years. Biodegradation of diclofenac has been scarcely reported in literature. The catalytic properties of laccase from Bacillus sp. MSK-01 have been employed to degrade diclofenac and effect of different factors like temperature, time, pH and enzyme dose have been studied with the help of a UV spectrophotometer. With time ,the degradation increased and the maximum degradation was observed in 3 hours. The different temperature conditions of 400C, 500C and 600C were optimized and the maximum amount of degradation was subjected to 500C. The enzyme dose was varied from 10-50 units and the maximum degradation was observed in case of 20 units. Therefore; with the results obtained so far it can be concluded that the maximum effective degradation of diclofenac is at 500C with enzyme dose of 20 units after 3 hours.
PP: 22 Effect of Climate Change on Malaria in a Sub-Himalayan Station of Northern India Usha Devi Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh College of Technology, CGC Landran Email – [email protected]
ABSTRACT Malaria, a tropical disease, and one of the major causes of global morbidity and mortality, is influenced by climatic variations. Climate change is a global phenomenon which spreads multiple diseases. This study analyses the effect of meteorological variables (temperature, rainfall and humidity) on the temporal patterns of incidence of malarial in a sub-Himalayan station (Chandigarh) of India. It uses a time-series analysis ranging from the year 2000 – 2015 using the data on the average monthly meteorological variables and monthly frequency of malaria.Incidence of malarial trend and its association and relationship with meteorological variables over 16 years was analysed using Mann-Kendall test, spearman’s correlation and linear regression analysis. A multiple linear regression (MLR) analysiswas developed. The maximum and minimum temperatures, relative humidity and rainfall were positively correlated (Spearman’s correlation analysis, p< 0.05) to the monthly incidence of malaria with a one-month
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) lag effect. Regression analysis showed significant positive correlation between minimum temperature and relative humidity, rainfall and incidence of malaria with one month lag effect. MLR analysis predicted the malaria cases 1 month prior to its incidence and indicates the meteorological variables as the possible predictors for incidence of malaria.
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Utilization of local resources for upgrading the socio-economic status of hilly farmers:A case Study of SOGG/FIG’S related to upliftment of farmers through organic farming
Prashant Thakur1 and Nitika Thakur1*
1*Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, H.P.
The agricultural technologies in India (Himachal Pradesh) relies more on chemical fertilizers. The farmers with the objective to have immediate profit or high productivity, motive blindly use of chemical fertilizers, which could cause adverse changes in biological balances. Himachal stands out as a big hub of vegetable production, which is further linked with Small and marginal farm holders. An effort to popularize organic agriculture and abolish unemployment problem for young farmers in mid hill conditions of District- Solan Himachal Pradesh-India, an initiative through collaboration of ICCOA-Bengluru (International Competence Center For Organic Agriculture), Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences (University- Solan) and YFIG’s ( Young Farmer’s Interested Groups-Village-Salogra-Mansaar) was carried to empower, encourage the young lot of farmer’s to positively channelize their energy by utilizing the knowledge in the field of organic-agriculture. The main purpose was motivate youth to utilizing the barren small fields by providing them organic adoption, certification, marketing, insect pest management and finally linking them directly to the markets. About 195 total farmers were receptive and adopted various practices like soil management techniques, integrated pest management by the use of locally available botanicals, organic manures, wild extracts (IT case: Indigenous Technology). The crop specific clusters of farmers were formed having 15-20 farmers in each cluster which were federated in to a Farmer-Producer Company. By acquring organic based technologies namely organic manures from cop residues, forest biomass, vermicompost, matkakhaad, jeevaamrit, vermiwash etc. as source of nutrients and some additional approaches like crop rotations, green manuring, mixed cropping and guard crops and use of biofertilizers result in an eco-friendly management approaches.The objective of involving youth to make them aware and reduce unemployment , additionally farmers are getting a good price with an increase of 30-40% by selling their organic produce compared with the conventional price of the produce which were the most encouraging results. 69 | P a g e
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PP: 24 Effect of temperatures on the growth and development of seedling of Pisum sativum
Anuraj Chahal1, Samriti Sharma1* 1Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh group of colleges, Landran, Mohali E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Due to its biennual life cycle Pisum sativum is especially exposed to seasonal changes in temperature that could limit its growth and deveolpment. Thermal stress could limit growth, development of leaves and photosynthesis. We evaluated the performance of local Variety of Pisum sativum under limiting low and high temperatures. There were differences in growth and development of plants responded to high and low temperature stress. Low temperature exposure affects photosynthesis, fresh weight, stomatal conductance, reduced leaf water content and produced smaller and thicker leaves. While high temperature impaired photosynthetic activity. Although high temperature significantly reduces dry weight of Pisum sativum seedlings. Hence lower temperature had a greater impact in Pisum sativum physiology than higher temperature.
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DRUG ABUSE AND ITS EFFECTS ON ADULTS IN INDIA Muskan1*, Akshat Goel2*, Sahil Sharma3 M.Sc. Dept. of Forensic Science and Toxicology, Chandigarh University 1. [email protected]@gmail.com 3. [email protected] ABSRACT Drug abuse is a serious problem regarding to public health. It affects every community and family in some way. Use of drug is life giving as well as drug abuse is life taking. It is most serious problem among adults in India mainly in northern India. Most commonly used substance of abuse are opium, nicotine, marijuana and alcohol. It is widely used in India. More than 60% of male population consumes alcohol in India. People of age 12 or above are the main abusers and a large number of people have used heroin for first time last year.Most of the drug abusers are of age group 15-30 years. People generally take drugs first time just to have an experience how it feels and after that they become addict because of addiction and dependency characteristic features of drugs as they are mainly psycho active. Some drugs are traditionally being used in
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) some specific area like Marijuana in Himachal Pradesh and Opium in Punjab. Drug trafficking is a black market which deals with the cultivation, manufacture and distribution of drugs. This business is spreading widely across all over the world due to increase in consumption of drugs. Drug abuse can cause serious health problems like weak immune system, nausea, heart problems, liver failure, mental confusion, lung diseases etc. All these problems are dangerous enough to cause death. Deaths caused due to consumption of synthetic opioids and heroin have seen the sharpest rise in last year. Drug addicts needs a special care to overcome the evil of drugs and to fight against the greedy monster of drugs inside him.
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Isolation and Characterization of Lactic acid bacteria having probiotic potential from Dairy products
Chandni Devi1, Himanshi Gupta1, Pratyush1 and Nitin Sharma1* 1Chandigarh college of Technology, Landran, Mohali, Panjab, India E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Probiotics are the live microbial food supplements which when consumed in adequate amount confer to beneficial effects on the host. Milk consisted of high nutritive food value for new born mammal and human beings it also act as an ideal growth medium for the microbial proliferation. The present study was conducted to isolate, characterize and probiotic potential of bacterial isolates from different milk sources. Different milk products were spreaded on MRS media with appropriate dilution for the isolation of potential probiotic strains and pure cultures were obtained by continuous sub-culturing. Identification of bacterial isolates was done by Gram’s staining and biochemical assays and further confirmation will be done based on morphological, cultural and physiological tests. The probiotic potential of all the isolates was checked by the tests: salt tolerance, low pH and phenol tolerance.These isolates can be checked for their safety profile by haemolytic assay. This study will produce a safer probiotic bacterial candidate, which will be suitable to use for humans.
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Isolation and screening of Cellulase producing bacteria from domestic milk samples of Mohali region
Deepali Raheja1and Nitin Sharma1* 1Chandigarh college of Technology, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Cellulose is the most abundant polymers on the earth and was extensively used for many industri al purposes. The aim of the study was screening and isolation of cellulase producing bacteria fro m domestic milk samples of Mohali region of Chandigarh. A number of domestic milksamples were collected fromMohali.Cellulase producing bacteria were Isolated and characte rizedbiochemically. Biochemical test such citrate utilization, indole, catalase, urease, methyl red, vogues proskauer, motility, and sugar fermentation, starch hydrolysis, and sugar fermentation w ere adopted in this study. Screening of the isolates was performed in an enriched media containin g Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) flooded with Congo red/Iodinesolution. The result revealed th e colonial characterization such as shape, color, size, elevation margin, opacity, and gram reactio n were determined for each of the isolates. In the present study, isolates C1 showed maximum zone of clearance for cellulaseactivity. The C1 isolate can be used as a potential source of cellulase enzyme on industrial scale and also proceed for the isolation of gene for cellulase protein purification and its characterizati on in vitro.
PP: 28 Isolation and Enzymatic Characterization of Endophytic Bacterial isolates Renu1and Nitin Sharma1* 1Chandigarh college of Technology, Landran, Mohali, Panjab, India E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that live in plant tissues without doing substantive harm or gaining benefit other than residency. Bacterial endophytes can be isolated from surface- disinfected plant tissue or extracted from internal plant tissue. Both gram-positive and gram-
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) negative bacterial endophytes can be isolated from several tissue types in numerous plant species. Endophytes enter plant tissue primarily through the root zone; however, aerial portions of plants, such as flowers, stems, and cotyledons. In the present study, the marigold flower has been taken for the isolation of endophytic bacteria. In the present study 20 endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated and screened for various enzymatic properties viz. amylase, cellulase, protease, lipase and glutaminase on nutrient agar plates supplemented with 1 % starch, CMA, skimmed milk, tributyrin and L-glutamine respectively. Zone of clearance was observed around the culture spots and was measured. Isolates D1 and Isolate D2 showed maximum zone of clearance for protease activity. The isolate C1 showed the maximum cellulose activity and maximum Lipase activity. None of the isolate showed glutaminase activity. These all isolates can be further identified by 16s rDNA sequencing and proceed for the specific enzyme production to use on industrial scale.
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A review on effect of chemical toxicity on agricultural practices in punjab
Parmeet Kaur1,Kamaljeet Grewal2, Ravneet Kaur1, SimranjeetKaur1, Sukhmanpreet Kaur1
1Department of Agriculture, Chandigarh group of Colleges, Jhanjeri, Punjab 2Department of Agriculture, DeshBaghat College Bardwal, Dhuri, Punjab 3Desh Bhagat University, MandiGovindgrah, Punjab Corrosponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT
Punjab with 2% of country’s land is using 18% of the total chemicals which are completely band in western countries. Highly toxic materials in agriculture are being used much in excess of the safe limits without any scientific rationale.According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 60% of herbicides, 90% of fungicides and 30%of insecticides are known to be carcinogenic. The wheat and rice being supplied to whole of the country are irrigated by toxic water from the industries, chemical fertilizers and pesticides are being used on whole sale basis.The intensive irrigation coupled with rapid industrialization and urbanization has brought in water quality degradation vis-a-vis development of water resources with space and time.In
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Punjab, there are 8319 single village and multi village water supply schemes in the state, which are either tube-well based (80%) or canal based (20%).According to an estimate,1044 million liters of polluted water is being thrown daily into the two major rivers Sutlej and Beas directly or through their drains like Buddha Nullah, White and Black Bein, Kala Sanghia drain, KiranNala, Chakki River and SakkiNala etc. flowing through the industrial areas of Himachal and Punjab. Whole of this toxic water passes through Malwa, being in the south of Punjab. They are also full of highly toxic water. Parts of Haryana and Rajasthan are also being poisoned by this toxic water.In 2012, the CGWB Authority has notified 45 blocks in state for restricting and banning the construction of new structures for extraction of ground water for any use other than drinking (ENVIS, 2014).The negative impacts due to chemical farming are very devastating. Chemical Farming and method of Rice Cultivation has made the soil very hard. The fertility of the soil is continuously decreasing.Plant Biodiversity is being destroyed very fast. The area of waterlogging is increased upto 20,000ha. Decline in water table is the major overcoming issue. Aquifers are dried upto 150m and gown down at rapid rate.Rate of recharging of aquifers from the rain water has grossly decreased. As results, Metals like arsenic, mercury, lead, aluminum and cadmium, which are prevalent in many areas, can accumulate in soft tissues of the body.Cancer, neurological disorders, Alzheimer's disease, foggy head, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, etc. are some of the ill health effects of excessive heavy metals in our environment.Heavy Metals come from drinking water, fish, vaccines, pesticides, preserved wood, antiperspirant, building materials, dental amalgams, chlorine plants and many Pharmaceuticals. PP: 30 Antifungal Potential of essential oil of Curcumba longaleavesfrom North- WesternHimalayan region Niti Rana1, Nidhi Gupta1, Nitin Sharma1* 1Chandigarh college of Technology, Landran, Mohali, Panjab, India E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Essential oils (EOs) have attracted attention due to considerable interest in health, food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of the present study was to screen EOs from the leaves of
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Curcuma longa for their antifungal and antioxidant properties and develop EO as broad spectrum antifungal and functional food ingredient. The fresh leaves of Curcuma longa collected from plain region of Himachal Pradesh were subjected to hydro distillation. The % yield (w/v) of essential oil was 1.6%. Antifungal activity was evaluated in terms of agar well diffusion method and broth dilution method against Candida albicansATCC90028 and MTCC277 and Saccharomyces cerevisiaeH1086. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by using DPPH (2, 2- diphenyl-1- picrylhydrzyl) and FRAP assay. Extracted oil exhibited strong antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 1.25 µg/ml using DPPH assay and 2.98 µM using FRAP assay. Furthermore, EO showed strong antifungal activity against all the tested strains (Candida albicansATCC90028 and MTCC277 and Saccharomyces cerevisiaeH1086). The MICs value ranged from 0.15- 0.62% against fungal strains. This study clearly suggest that leaves of Cucuma longa can be used as source of strong antifungal as well as can be used as functional food ingredient cum food preservatives in food industry.
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To evaluate antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Rubus ellipticus
Abhishek Chandel1, Samriti Sharma1* Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh group of colleges, Landran, Mohali E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Rubus ellipticus is commonly called ‘Yellow Himalayan Raspberry’ is a small deciduous shrubby plant. Rubus ellipticus is medicinally important wild fruit crop having antimicrobial and antioxidant properties due to natural phenolic compounds. In present study, extracts from leaves and roots of R. ellipticus in solvents i.e. Methanol, Ethanol, Petroleum ether, and Chloroform has been prepared. These extracts are used to evaluate antimicrobial and antioxidant properties against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus species and for phytochemical screening using HPLC.
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Sequential fractionation by organic solvents enhances phytocompounds and antibacterial activity of methanolic extract of CuscutareflexaRoxb
Praveen Yadav1 and Nitin Sharma1* 1Chandigarh college of Technology, Landran, Mohali, Panjab, India E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The present study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and phytochemical variation in methanolic extract and its different solvent fractions (hexane, chloroform and ethylacetate and aqueous fractions) of Cuscutareflexa. The antimicrobial activity was determined by disc diffusion methods against two Gram positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi) bacteria. Amount of total phenolic and flavonoid content was done using Folin-Ciocalteau method and aluminium chloride method respectively in methanolic extract and its solvent fractions.The total phenolics and flavonoid content were found to be higher in ethyl acetate fraction (46.64 ± 3.51 mg/g GAE and 31.21 ± 3.58 mg/g RE, respectively). The maximum antibacterial activity was shown by ethyl acetate fraction. The zone of inhibition of 15.0 ± 0.58mm, 18 ± 0.71 mm, 12.0 ± 0.71 mm, 13 ± 0.58mm was observed against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi respectively. These results clearly indicated enhancement of amount of phytochermicals and antibacterial activity in extracts of Cuscutareflexa.
PP: 33 Cordycepssinensis: A medicinal mushroom from Himalayas Harpreet Kaur1, Harpreet Kaur1, Mehak1, Jyoti Rani1and Nitin Sharma1* 1Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The genus Cordyceps is an important kind of medicinal fungi belonging to the Ascomycota, Pyrenomycetes, Hypocreales, and Clavicipitaceae. Cordyceps are specific macrofungi present as a parasite on larvae and pupae of insects. As a pleomorphic fungus distributed worldwide,
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Cordyceps is particularly distributed in tropical forests and humid temperate. Out of 400 genus of Cordyceps, Cordycepssinensis, also called as “winter worm, summer grass,” is recognized as the most famous tonic herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for centuries. Both fruiting portion as well as the larvae of these fungi possesses potent bio-active compounds and their composition was almost found to be similar in both. The important bioactive molecules present in this endoparasitic fungi are ribonucleosides, mannitol, sterols, organic acids, polysaccharides, proteins, polyamines, amino acids dipeptides, vitamins (Vit E, K, and water-soluble vitamins B1, B2, and B12) and a variety of trace elements (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Pi, Se, Al, Si, Ni, Sr, Ti, Cr, Ga, V, and Zr). Several studies showed the antioxidant, anticancer, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, Aphrodisiac, Anti-fatigue, apoptotic, liver, lung and kidney protection activity of this fungus. This fungus because of its outstanding curative properties has huge application in health care product and showed attractive huge financial gains for the collectors. However, there is an urgent need to devise methods of effective cultivation methods and to ensure effective process technologies for utmost recovery of bio- active principles. Further, crude extracts of Cordycepssinensis needs to be well characterized chemically to imply therapeutic importance.
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Optimization of protocol for callus and cell suspension culture of Capsicum annum
Ruchi Bhatia1 and Vikas Menon1* 1 Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh College of Technology, Landran, Mohali E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT In present study the in vitro plantlet regeneration protocol was developed for Capsicum annum, one of the world’s hottest chili cultivars and an important horticulture crop of Northeast India. The effect of different combinations of plant growth regulators supplemented with MS media was investigated on multiple shoot development and callus induction in Capsicum. Multiple shoot was induced by culturing explants in MS Medium supplemented with Kinetin (Kn) in
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) combination with Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Maximum number of shoot buds was induced in MS Medium containing 4mg/l Kn and 5mg/l IAA. Successful induction of callus from stem segments and leaf part of in vitro raised plants were achieved in MS Medium in combination with 5mg/l 2,4-D and 4mg/l IBA. Shoot elongation and rooting were achieved in MS basal medium. Effective protocol can be used as a cost effective method for the production of disease free planting materials and for genetic improvement and conservation of the crop.
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Assessment of soil salinity in Siwanamal (Haryana) quantitatively by using emi tool
Ramesh Abhishek1,Hemant Raheja2,Amandeep Kaur1, Ramesh Jhorar1, DS Bundela1, Bhaskar Narjary1, Satyendra Kumar1, SK Kamra1,Ashok Kumar31 1ICAR- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India 2Ram Devi Jindal Group of Professional Institutions, Lalru, Punjab, India 3National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India 4Ex-Principal, COA, CCSHAU, Bawal, Haryana, India *Corresponding author E-mail:[email protected]
ABSTRACT
In present days, Soil salinityis the major environmental problem for farmers due to over exploitation of natural resources. It affects the crop yield and health of rural communities directly. In India, 2.97mha area is affected by the soil salinity. In Haryana, more than 50,000 ha areais waterlogged saline having shallow water table depth (WTD) of 1.5m or even less and 5 almost 3.8x 10 ha area having WTD of 1.5 - 3.0 m soil salinity (ECe>4dS/m). This is mainly due tolesser efficient of natural drainage system for controlling the salinity problem. Therefore, subsurface drainage (SSD) technology, an artificially designed drainage system based on area- specific depth and spacing, is needed to reclaim waterlogged saline areas for enhancing crop productivity and controlling soil salinity. In India, 70,000ha waterlogged saline area reclaimed by SSD technology. The technology formulated by ICAR-CSSRI for Indian geographical condition during 1980’s initially for Haryana has been widely adopted in different states like Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, A.P, Maharashtra and Karnataka. In Haryana, about 10,584 ha waterlogged saline area in nine districts of the state has been reclaimed by this technology. In this paper, one SSD site (i.e. Siwanamal, Jind district, Haryana) is selected and collected the soil and water samples along with the GPS co-ordinates from selected blocks. EM-38probe survey is rapid and cost effective method which measure soil salinity in field directly. This survey is done in 200m x200m grid spacing and further used into mapping software SURFER V9.0 and ArcGIS V10.0 to develop two-dimensional maps and analyzes status of the selected site. The results were also compared with actual soil salinity level between best and poor performing SSD blocks.
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ASSESMENT OF GENETIC DIVERGENCE AMONG THE INBRED LINES OF GREEN GRAM
Amandeep Kaur1, Sanjeev Kumar1, Ramesh Jhorar2, Mansukh Singh2, Ramesh Abhishek2, Ashok Kumar3 1Ram Devi Jindal Group of Professional Institutions, Lalru, Punjab, India 2Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India 3ICAR- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India 4Ex-Principal, COA, CCSHAU, Bawal, Haryana, India Corresponding authorEmail- [email protected] ABSTRACT
Green gram is the second major pulse crop with contributing 25-28% of total production in India. The seed contains 25% protein, 1.15% fat and 62.6% carbohydrate, low content of oligosaccharides result in low flatulence and being short duration crop fits well in many intensive crop rotations. A field experiment was conducted during Summerseason of2017 under Agriculture farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab). For the assessment of the genetic divergence total12Green gramgenotypes were selected from different climatic conditions accordingly with different maturity duration, response to disease and yield production. The observations were recordedon different traits like days to 50% maturity, days to reproductive phase, days to maturity, plant height (cm), primary branches plant-1, secondary branches plant-1, pods plant-1, cluster plant-1, pod length (cm), grain pod-1, pod density , 100-seed weight (g) and yield plant-1 (g) during the early growth stages and at maturity time. The analysis of variance indicated that significant variation was present among the different genotypes of the Green gram for all the morphological traits under study. Genetic divergence assessed using D2 statistics for characters enabled grouping of all the genotypes in four different clusters. Among these four clusters, cluster I was the major with 5 genotypes i.e., HUM-1, PUSA-460, LM-5, HUM-1L & Kopergane followed by cluster II with 5 genotypes i.e., Gold, LG-420, MLA-720, PUSA-Vishal and IPM-2. Cluster III and IV were solitary. Maximum differences among genotypes within the same cluster (intra-cluster) were shown by cluster II (67.91) followed by cluster I (54.09) whereas Solitary
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) clusters III and IV showed zero intra-cluster distances. Diversity among the clusters varied from 94.89 to 733.47 inter-cluster distances. Cluster III and IV showed maximum inter cluster distance (733.47). Therefore, the genotypes belong to Cluster I and Cluster II would be highly suitable for making selection as they have showed the positive direct effect to days to 50% flowering, Pods per plant, plant height, primary branches, pod density and 100-seed weight(g). Thus to meet the demand of production in upcoming year the genotypes from these clusters can be used to create variability in the genome by using different selection method of conventional breeding programme.
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Modern genetic tools and techniques for crop improvement
Pratyush1 and Nitin Sharma1* 1Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT With rise in population of world, simultaneously demand for food has been raised. Our conventional methods of plant breeding are insufficient to overcome this demand, therefore there is need of improvement of plant breeding and quality related features of crop plants. The modern biotechnological tools can help to raise the production of new plant varieties with high production. With the help of plant tissue culture, mutagenesis, and transformation several plant varieties with tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress have been developed. Plant breeding techniques include induced mutations with either or both physical and chemical mutagens and focus on the improvement of traits such as high yield, multiple resistances to major disease, insect pests and tolerance to abiotic stresses and improved quality. The improved varieties must also fit into the crop rotation systems of different eco-agricultural regions for the production of feed, fiber, food, and industrial products. Molecular markers have become important tools in the hands of plant breeders for enhancing the selection efficiency for various agronomic traits. The isolation, cloning and moving of genes from diverse biological sources into plant genomes holds promise to broaden the gene pool of crops and tailor plant varieties for specific traits that
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) determine yield, quality and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Modern genetic tools help isn better understanding of plant genome and help in modifying it. These tools include molecular marker techniques such as AFLP, RAPD, AFLP, and PCR amplified DNA sequences. The molecular tools allow detection of specific DNA fragments through successive generations, and thus confirm transmission of the selected traits and incorporated genes. Moreover, RNA interference, next generation sequencing and nanotechnology also have become a new promising technique for improving crop according to future need.
PP: 38 Isolation and Screening of Pectinase Producing bacteria from Different Soil samples Yogita*and Jyoti Handa1 Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran Mohali-140307, India. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Most of the industrial demand of enzymes is covered from microbial origin. Microorganisms are preferred in industry for enzyme production due to several advantages i.e. their high growing capability, short life span and ease genetic manipulation. Microbial enzymes thus are plentifully supplied, well standardized and marketed by several competing companies. Among these industrially important enzymes, pectinases hold a special significance due to its multiple uses in important sectors viz. Food, textile and biofuel industries thus capturing 25% of total enzyme market. The aim of this study is to isolate and screen Pectinase producing bacteria from different Soil samples. Total 20 Bacterial strains were isolated from different soil samples and screened for Pectinase production. Primary and Secondary screening showed 3 potential isolates showing pectin degradation on vincent’s media. Further, Extracellular pectinase is partially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and dialysis.
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Antimicrobial resistance: threat to combat
Divya Tyagi1, Deeksha Meenia1 and Nitin Sharma1* 1Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Indiscriminate and irrational use of antibiotics has created an unprecedented challenge for human civilization due to microbe’s development of antimicrobial resistance. It is difficult to treat bacterial infection due to bacteria’s ability to develop resistance against antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial agents are categorized according to their mechanism of action, i.e., interference with cell wall synthesis, DNA and RNA synthesis, lysis of the bacterial membrane, inhibition of protein synthesis, inhibition of metabolic pathways, etc. Bacteria may become resistant by antibiotic inactivation, target modification, efflux pump and plasmidic efflux. Currently, the clinically available treatment is not effective against the antibiotic resistance developed by some bacterial species. However, plant-based antimicrobials have immense potential to combat bacterial, fungal, protozoal and viral diseases without any known side effects. Such plant metabolites include quinines, alkaloids, lectins, polypeptides, flavones, flavonoids, flavonols, coumarin, terpenoids, essential oils and tannins. The present review focuses on antibiotic resistance, the resistance mechanism in bacteria against antibiotics and the role of plant-active secondary metabolites against microorganisms, which might be useful as an alternative and effective strategy to break the resistance among microbes.
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PP: 40 Isolation and screening of soil bacteria producing antimicrobial metabolite against human pathogens Ritesh Malhan* and Jyoti Handa1 Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran Mohali E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Worldwide, the second leading cause of death is infectious diseases. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among microbial pathogens is increasing at an alarming rate and has been a major problem in the treatment of diseases. Current need is development and discovery of new antimicrobials. The process of production usually involves screening a wide range of microorganisms from soil. Bacteria are able to synthesize a wide range of metabolites with bactericidal and fungicidal capabilities. The antagonistic potential of soil bacterial species is assessed by the agar well diffusion assay against some pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The experimental results exhibit the antibacterial and antifungal activity of bacterial species and indicate the possibility of using these bacterial species as mode of production of antimicrobial metabolites.
PP: 41 Role of biotechnology in obesity Priya Nijhawan, Rashita Makkar, Sandeep Arora, Tapan Behl Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy,Chitkara University ,Rajpura,Punjab 140401. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Obesity is a low grade chronic inflammation characterized by accumulation of excessive fat in body manifested as a result of combination of factors such as genetic predisposition, energy rich diet sedentary lifestyle, insufficient sleeping and hypothyroidism. It occurs due to dysregulated secretion of adipocytes and free fatty acids. Obesity is the core of many chronic illness such as heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and arthritis. This pathological conditions require effective and therapeutic approach. Biotechnology has emerged out as an advanced therapeutic
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) technique for various diseases and it can be successfully applied for the treatment of obesity. To help combat obesity biotech researchers are finding out what part of the human genome control weight, developing ways to control weight and searching for the treatment to cure the obesity related illness such as diabetes .Genetics mechanism is a powerful tool for tracing the how parts of metabolic system interact with one another that causes obesity and affect health. Researchers are doing mapping on the genetic mechanism for the treatment of obesity related disease and perhaps the obesity itself. Various approaches are being made for curing this complex disorder by inhibiting the regulation of TNF alpha, interleukin-6 and Interleukin -1 (IL-1) -1 beta that attributed to be responsible for obesity.
PP: 42 Role of Biotechnology in rheumatoid arthritis Rashita Makkar, Priya Nijhawan, Sandeep Arora, Tapan Behl Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab 140401 Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Biotechnology is offering one of the largest and fastest growing category in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to World Health Organization, more than 25%of biotech drug expenditures in field of rheumatoid arthritis benefiting category. These biotech rheumatoid arthritis drugs are being used as first line therapy after initiation and detection of disease. Category of biotech Rheumatoid arthritis mainly consist of six products comprising of TNF inhibitors and interleukin -1 blockers .The ultimate goal of rheumatoid arthritis management is to reduce or eliminate pain, joint damage ,inflammation and to maintain its functions. Biotech drugs provide advantage of working faster with fewer side effects as compared to earlier treatments.Abatacept, was the first rheumatoid arthritis biologic in marketplace approved by FDA acting by preventing cascade causing T cells activation. Biologic rheumatoid arthritis therapies are preferred mot only for the therapeutic advantage but also for its financial impact .It aims at providing clinical service at minimum cost .Certain serious infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis and sepsis have been indicated by use of biologic rheumatoid arthritis
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) tharapies.However ,such risks could be mitigated by patients monitoring .Biotech drugs to treat rheumatoid arthritis will still remain a significant part of treatment therapy because of their management strategies and programs .Gene therapy leads to improved treatment and an important part of personalized medicines. Such advance therapies also provide beneficial result in children with rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, the use of rheumatoid arthritis biologic therapies is expected to grow at a sustained rate in upcoming future times.
PP: 43 Treatment of disease through gene therapy Vinayak Arora1, Sandeep Arora2, Tapan Behl3* Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, India Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Gene therapy is defined as the insertion of gene to individual cells or tissues to treat a particular disease or to modify the damaged or latent genes. The future of this technique opens door of treatment of some genetic disorders and some form of condition like cancer and infectious disease like acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (AIDS). There are two main parts of gene therapy that are gene and vectors. Gene replacement therapy gives the cell a new working copy of missing or non working gene. The gene is created in lab and then packed in a vehicle called vector, the vector carries gene into nucleus of specific cells. One gene may become a part of cells DNA, it may stay or separate. It starts making protein that are missing or are in short supply. Scientist are investigating for decades how gene based therapies like gene replacement can be used to treat genetic disease. Gene therapy has the potential to eliminate cancer cells without damaging normal, healthy tissue. Furthermore, cancer gene therapies may provide alternatives when a disease does not respond to other older treatments.
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PP: 44 Plant-Extract-Assisted Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Methanolic Extract of Acacia karroo
Rubal Rattan Sandhu1 and Vikas Menon1* 1Chandigarh College of Technology, Landran E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Now a day’s Nanobiotechnology has become one of the most promising technologies applied in biological science and nanotechnology and currently attracting increasing attention for the wide range of new applications in various fields of industry. The green synthesis (biosynthesis) of nanoparticles is done by various physical and chemical methods. Biosynthesis method employs simple procedures, easily available raw materials and ambiance for the synthesis process, where the precursors used are safe, relatively simple, cost-effective, nontoxic, and environmentally friendly methods. Considering these advantages, we synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles by using an aqueous solution of Acacia karroo plant extract as a bioreducing agent. These nanoparticles have the potential to be used for a wide variety of applications, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic studies.
PP: 45 ROLE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN PRODUCING VACCINES Pooja Pandey, Sandeep Arora, Tapan Behl Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, India Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity against a certain disease. Usually a vaccine contains antigen that may be a weakened or killed form of the disease- causing organism, or fragments of the organism. Vaccines are generally classified into four types and Recombinant vaccine is one of the major types of it. A recombinant vaccine is a vaccine produced through recombinant DNA technology.These types of vaccines are manufactured with 88 | P a g e
CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) the assistance of expression systems (like bacteria, insect, plant, mammalian etc). Bacterial, usually E.coli, expression is the “work-horse” and due to its ease of bioprocessing, lower cost, and shorter production times it is the most popular organism used for protein expression. Recombinant vaccines can be classified into two major categories ie DNA vaccines andRecombinant (protein subunit) vaccines. DNA vaccines usually consist of synthetic DNA containing the gene that encodes the disease-agent protein. Recombinant (protein subunit) vaccines are subunit vaccines containing only a fraction of the pathogenic organism. In most cases, scientists either use protein antigens or peptide antigens for this purpose. The example of R. vaccine is Hepatitis B Virus which is produced by expressing the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) using yeast expression system. Yeast secretes the antigen into culture supernatant facilitating purification. Yeast post translational machinery is suitable for this purpose as it renders the Antigen with the necessary glycosylation patterns. Upon recombinant expression, the HBsAg assembles into virus-like particles (VLPs) which are extremely immunogenic, making it a very effective vaccine.
PP: 46 Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Potential: As antagonists and biocontrol agents Shilpa and Jyoti Handa Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran Mohali E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT With the increase in world population an immense pressure is created on the existing land area for food, fiber, fuel and raw materials. In order to meet the demands of the growing population in the country, utilization of improved plant varieties is necessary.Due to the adoption of agrochemicals and fertilizers along with the reduced availability of water for irrigation, the quality of the soil is depleting and the soil is becoming saline. This non-availability of good soil for agriculture affects the production of the crops (or food) worldwide. Therefore, there is requirement of different approaches that can ensure good yield of crop and protection while
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) maintaining long term ecology balance in agro-ecosystem. An important role is played by microorganisms in promoting the circulation of plant nutrients and reducing the need for chemical fertilizers as much as possible.PGPR strain inoculation at an early stages of development in crop plants expands biomass production with direct effects on roots and shoots growth leading to a more efficient use for biocontrol strategies to improve cropping systems. Also, Rhizobacteria belonging to the genera Pseudomonas and Bacillus are well known for their antagonistic effects.
PP: 47 BIOSIMILARS: THE NEXT BIG THING IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
Gaurav Khullar1*, Amit Gupta2, Eshita Sharma1, Dr.Sandeep Arora3, Dr. Tapan Behl4
Department of Pharmacy, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
A variety of factors have led to rapid increase in the use of biologics including their efficiency to control a wide array of debilitating diseases along with their pricing structure and longer shelf life. These biologic are at a par with Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) project along with marijuana industry, thus, making it one of the fastest growing element in health care domain. One of the major issues with the development of biosimilars is that, it fails to generate exact copies of the biologic drugs that are being approved. This leaves a significant room for the pharma industry to defend their star production patent to various novel formulation or changes in drug delivery system. Biosimilars also provide uprising advantage in comparison to generic for small molecular drugs. These are the close copies of expensive biological drug that are made out of living biological cells though these are like generics but are not the exact duplicate copies because of the complexity of drugs that makes impossible to recreate same type of molecules in such conditions similar type of molecules give effective clinical results. Biosimilars offer a great certainty in regulation market that is marked as a major change in small scales molecular pharma market and create a swift entry of generic suppliers. Thus, large scale game yet need changes in
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) production, sign, and regulation technologies that is favourable to lead a greater impact on future production and partnership pattern.
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Biotechnology in drug development
Jaspreet Singh Kalra, Sandeep Arora, Tapan Behl
Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, India Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Biotechnology is the comprehensive field of biology involving livingsystems and organisms to develop or make products, or any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use. Owing to biotechnological capabilities, the understanding of disease processes and the development of new treatments are expanding rapidly. Pharmaceutical biotechnology is a relatively new and growing field in which the principles of biotechnology are applied to the development of drugs. A majority of therapeutic drugs in the current market are bioformulations, such as antibodies, nucleic acid products and vaccines. Such bioformulations are developed through several stages that include: understanding the principles underlying health and disease; the fundamental molecular mechanisms governing the function of related biomolecules; synthesis and purification of the molecules; determining the product shelf life, stability, toxicity and immunogenicity; drug delivery systems; patenting; and clinical trials. Drug discovery and development are costly and complicated processes. More than 99% of experimental compounds ultimately fail or are discarded as Treatment regimens. Of the chemicals evaluated as part of drug discovery and preclinical testing, only a few proceed to human clinical trials and are approved for marketing. 1 To address this issue, new therapeutic approaches based on genomic and proteomic technology have been developed during the past several years. Important research tools and themes include genomics, proteomics, ligand-receptor interaction, signal transduction,
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) biochips, and microarrays. Today approximately 15 % of drug revenues are derived from biopharmaceuticals. Products for the treatment of cancer, metabolic disorders and infectious diseases are most important. The application of biotechnology to basic science (for example through the Human Genome Project) has also dramatically improved our understanding of biology and as our scientific knowledge of normal and disease biology has increased, our ability to develop new medicines to treat previously untreatable diseases has increased as well.
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Phytochemical analysis and estimation of antibacterial, and antioxidant properties of Urtica dioica leaves and roots Aru Dogra1, Rakesh Kumar Pandit1* 1Chandigarh College of Technology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali, Punjab. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Medicinal plants (Herbal plants) have been used for medicine as early as 3000 B.C. Recently WHO (World Health Organisation) estimated that 80% of people worldwide depend upon medicinal or herbal plants for health care. Ayurveda used herbal plants as therapeutic products as an herbal remedy for various diseases. India has been one of the pioneers in the development and practice of well documented indigenous system of medicine in Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani system. The present study focuses on identification and characterization of various phytochemicals from various parts of Urtica dioica and estimation of their antimicrobial, antifungal and antioxidant properties. Soxhlete extracted crude extract of leaves in solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and n-hexane were subjected to Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) spectroscopy. ATR graphs suggests the presence of amides (wave number 3314.92, medium), carboxylic acids (wave number 2830.97), and alkyl halides (wave number 1020, very strong) for leaves in methanol; Alkanes and alkyls (wave number 2972.65, strong), carboxylic acids (wave number 3324.30, strong broad), and alcohols or alkyl halides (wave number 1041.59, very strong) for leaves in ethanol; Alkanes and alkyls or carboxylic acids (wave number 2955.31, and 2867, very strong), aromatic compounds (wave number 1460.54, strong), and alkanes and alkyl (wave number 1379.19, medium) for leaves in n-hexane.
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Phytochemical analysis and estimation of antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Nusrat Jahan Begum1, Rakesh Kumar Pandit1* 1Chandigarh college of Technology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali, Punjab. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Medicinal plants (Herbal plants) have been used for medicine as early as 3000 B.C. Recently WHO (World Health Organisation) estimated that 80% of people worldwide depend upon medicinal or herbal plants for health care. Plants are great source of medicines. India has a great history of ancient medicinal plant. These plants are mostly based on Ayurveda, sidha and Unani system of medicines. Plants are used as a medicine from the beginning of human cultivation. The present study focuses on identification and characterization of various phytochemicals from various parts of Nyctanthesarbor-tristis and estimation of their antimicrobial, antifungal and antioxidant properties. Soxhlet extracted crude extract of leaves and stem in solvents such as petroleum ether,and n-hexane respectively were subjected to Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) spectroscopy. ATR graphs suggests the presence of alkyl halides or alcohols (wave number 1258.12, medium strong), alkyl halides (wave number 1015.28, very strong), alkenes or aromatic compounds (wave number 793.67, very strong) for leaves in petroleum ether; Alkanes or alkyl (wave number 2925.43 and 2863.94, very strong), aromatic compounds or alkanes or alkyl (wave number 1458.53, strong), and amides (wave number 3418.74, strong broad) for stem in n- hexane. PP: 51 Isolation and screening of plastic degrading bacteria from environmental samples Vaishali Malhotra* and Nancy George Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Approximately 140 million tons of plastics are produced every year and high amounts find themselves in the ecosystem as industrial waste products. About 30% of the plastics are used
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) worldwide for packaging of foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, detergents and chemicals and this is still expanding at a high rate of 12% p.a. Its degradation is becoming a great threat and vital cause of environmental pollution. There are various polythene degradation methods available but the eco-friendly and acceptable method is by using microbes. This study aimed at isolating and screening bacteria, obtained from contaminated soil samples for the capacity to degrade low density polyethylene (LDPE). A total of 29 bacteria were isolated from soils samples contaminated with plastics. Further Screening of polythene degrading microorganism was done by zone of clearance method in which, 7 isolates showed the positive results. Further screening was done by subjecting the selected isolates for plastic degradation test by weight loss method. Selected isolates were incubated with LDPE sheets (15 and 40 micron) for five weeks at 37˚C for bacteria in a shaker incubator. Isolation of effective candidates for biodegradation was done based on the recorded biodegradation outcomes. Hence from this study it can be speculated that the selected isolates has enough potential to degrade plastic with due course of time. To improve this degrading capacity through assessment of optimum conditions for microbial activity and enzyme production will enable these findings to be applied commercially and on a larger scale.
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Phytochemical analysis and estimation of antibacterial, and antioxidant properties of Arisaema jacquemontiileaves, fruit and stem. Raksha1, Rakesh Kumar Pandit1* 1Chandigarh college of Technology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali, Punjab. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Medicinal plants (Herbal plants) have been used for medicine as early as 3000 B.C. Recently WHO (World Health Organisation) estimated that 80% of people worldwide depend upon medicinal or herbal plants for health care. Plants are great source of medicines. India has a great history of ancient medicinal plant. These plants are mostly based on Ayurveda, sidha and Unani system of medicines. Plants are used as a medicine from the beginning of human cultivation. The present study focuses on identification and characterization of various phytochemicals from various parts of Arisaema jacquemontii and estimation of their antimicrobial, antifungal and
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) antioxidant properties. Soxhlet extracted crude extract of leaves, stem, and fruits in solvents such as methanol,n-hexane and butanol respectively were subjected to Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) spectroscopy. ATR graphs suggests the presence of alkyl halides (wave number 1045.15, very strong), alkenes (wave number 880.34, strong), alkanes and alkyl (wave number 2972.14, very strong), and carboxylic acids (wave number 3320.26, strong broad) for stem in methanol; Alkyl halides (wave number 1020.07, very strong), carboxylic acids or alcohols (wave number 3317.81, strong broad), and alkanes and alkyl (wave number 2940.75, strong), and carboxylic acids (wave number 2831.73, strong broad) for fruits in butanol; Alkanes and alkyls(wave number 2955.01, and 2867.23, very strong), aromatic compounds (wave number 1460.40, strong) for leaves in n-hexane. PP: 53 Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of Citrus nobilis (Kinnow) peels extract. Anjali Malik, Aarti Bains *
Department of Biotechnology CGC Landran Mohali, Punjab, 140307 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
ABSTRACT Over the last decade, waste of the fruits and vegetable is used as the potential source of micronutrients and antioxidants. Citrus nobilis fruit belongs to family Rutaceae that contains multiple vital nutrients known to be beneficial for human being and peel of the fruit could be used as a rich source of phenolic compounds and dietary fibre. In an era of emerging resistant pathogenic organisms, importance of research for the natural compounds cannot be overemphasized. The present study therefore investigated for the antimicrobial and activities of Citrus nobilis peels. Methanol extract of C. nobilis was evaluated against four bacterial strains including Bacillus subtilis MTCC 736, Micrococcus luteus MTCC 1538, Enterobacter sp.7087, Bacillus coagulans MTCC 492 and one fungal strain Candida albican MTCC 183. Results revealed differential antimicrobial activities against different microbial strains and zones of inhibition were ranged from 23 to 26 mm for bacterial strains, whereas 30-32 mm for fungal strains. In conclusion Citrus nobilis peel extract could use as effective component for the formulation of antimicrobial drugs 95 | P a g e
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Enzymatic deinking of old newspaper using Bacillus sp. MSK-01 laccase Sonica Sondhi*, Shrishti
Chandigarh College of Technology, CGC, Landran, Mohali-140307 E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The scarcity of the green plants and the policy of conservation of forests have prompted the paper industry to look for alternative sources for cellulosic pulp. Recycled waste paper has become an important and environmentally harmless source for new papermaking. Waste paper materials generated from different sources such as schools, offices, and newspapers offer cheaper and eco-friendly source of pulp. Old newsprint (ONP) and office paper waste constitutes an excellent low cost and high quality fiber source for the papermaking industry. For waste paper recycling deinking is an important step. The conventional deinking process like floation and washing or bleaching cause serious pollution hazards also these conventional techniques find difficult to remove ink from the paper. Enzymatic deinking is eco-friendly in terms of pollution against chemical or conventional deinking processes. Also, enzymatic deinking process provides better paper quality. Laccases can be proposed as interesting alternative for deinking of papers which chiefly contain lignin rich mechanical pulp. In this study, three types of waste papers were collected from market viz. printed sheets, handwritten sheets and old newsprints. The sheets were soaked in water overnight to obtain the pulp. Pulp was dried in an oven at 55-60°C. This oven dried pulp (odp) was treated with laccase to decolorization. Conditions were optimized for optimum decolorization by taking temperature, pH, enzyme concentration and incubation time as input parameters. Reduction in kappa number was taken as response. For each treatment, optical density was taken at 237nm, 465nm and 590 nm. OVAT method was used for the optimization of each parameter. It was found that kappa number was reduced to 40% with 20 IU of laccase at 65 0C, pH 8.0 for 4 hrs.
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Optimization & Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Medicinal Plants and Their Antibacterial Activity
Anupama, Shalini Verma Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali (Punjab)
ABSTRACT The present study reports an eco-friendly, cost efficient, rapid and easy method for synthesis of silver nanoparticles using amla, cannabis and cinnamon extract (BPE) as a reducing and capping agent. The different factor affecting silver reduction was investigated. The optimum conditions were silver nitrate (2 mM), PE (5g dry weight), pH (10) and incubation time (24 h). PE can reduces silver ions into silver nanoparticles within 5 min after heating the reaction mixture (85 0 C) as indicated by the developed reddish brown color. The UV -Vis spectrum of silver nanoparticles revealed a characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks . Silver nanoparticles were characterized. X ray diffraction revealed their crystalline nature. Scanning electron microscope and field emission scanning electron microscope showed spherical shaped and monodispersed nanoparticles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy affirmed the role of PE as a reducing and capping agent of silver ions. Silver nanoparticles showed effective antibacterial activity against representative pathogens of bacteria and fungi .The Zone of inhibition was determined. The synthesized nanoparticles showed synergistic effect of antimicrobial activity and was optimized by various parameters.
PP: 56 Fruit extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its antimicrobial activity Aman kaur, Shalini Verma Chandigarh group of colleges Landran Mohali ( Punjab) ABSTRACT The biosynthesis of nanoparticles has been proposed as a cost effective and environmental friendly alternative to chemical and physical methods. Plant mediated synthesis of nanoparticles is a green chemistry approach that intercom- nects nanotechnology and plant biotechnology. In 97 | P a g e
CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) the present study, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) or (Green-Silver) has been demonstrated using extracts of Punica granatum, , Citrullus lanatus Vitis viniferareducing aqueous silver nitrate. The AgNPs were characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-vis) Spectrometer and FTIR analysis of synthesized nanoparticles.Various optimization parameters were studied to maximize the yield of nanoparticles and their antibacterial effect was studied by the determination of zone of inhibition and comparing it with their plain fruit extracts. The re- action process was simple for formation of silver nanoparticles and AgNPs presented in the aqueous medium were quite stable, even up to 4 months of incubation. This work proved the capability of using biomaterial towards the synthesis of silver nanoparticle, by adopting the principles of green chemistry. PP: 57 Antiviral potential of aqueous extract of Z. officinale rhizome inAnimal cell culture model Yashika Sharma*, Vikrant Sharma, Divya Dull, Ginni Jangra, Samander Kaushik. Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana-124001, India Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a remerging mosquito-borne alphavirus that has engendered large outbreaks around the world. Currently there is no specific antiviral or vaccine against CHIKV infections. This scenario demands identification and development of novel compounds with significant anti-CHIKV activity. Present research undertakes anti CHIKV activity of aqueous extract of Z. officinale (Ginger) rhizome in cell culture model. The study was done 3 using chikungunya virus at 10 Tissue culture infective dose (TCID50)/ml. Cytotoxicity of plant extract was determined in Vero cells. Maximum non toxic dose (MNTD) of the extract was 62.5 µg/mL. The plant extract was capable of significant inhibition of CHIKV at both MNTD and ½MNTD. In pre-treatment assay of plant extract, infected cells showed 51.05% and 35.1% of increase in cell viability when treated with MNTD and ½ MNTD, respectively. Likewise, in co- treatment assay at MNTD and ½ MNTD, infected cells exhibited increase in cell viability of 52.9 % and 49.02%, respectively. Further characterization of Z. officinale extract could provide novel biomolecules with antiviral potential which could be used as alternative therapy.
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PP: 58 A herbal formulation is prepared for the prevention of obesity: in vitro study Mukul Kumar*, SamritiGuleria, Prince Chawla,Azhar Khan and Ravinder Kaushik School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University, Solan-173229, India *Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Obesity is a severe problem which spread all over the world due toheredity, unhealthy food habits andlack of physical activity. In India, a large number of peopleare suffering from obesity. Number of medicines are available in the market that fights against the obesity but few medicines have side effects and areharmful for human life. To overcome obesity, we worked on development of herbal formulation using Himalayan herbs.Betula utilis, Saussurea lappa, Buniumperiscum and Aconitum heterophyllumare used for herbal formulation.Ethanolic extraction was carried out of selected herbs, and their phytochemical activity and functional groups were determined. The anti-obesitypotential was checked usinglipase inhibitory assay and amylase inhibitory assay. Herbs such as Saussurea lappa, Betula utilis,Buniumperiscum and Aconitum heterophyllum (total flavonoid contentIc 50 (4.159 µg/ml,2.939 µg/ml,3.169 µg/ml and3.159 µg/ml), total phenolic content Ic 50 (2.980 µg/ml,3.553 µg/ml, 3.770 µg/ml and 2.683 0.810µg/ml), total tannin contentIc 50 (0.880µg/ml, 0.876 µg/ml , 0.281µg/ml and 0.889µg/ml), Lipase inhibitory assay have Ic 50 (10.35-12.05µg/ml, 18.41-19.78µg/mland 20.01-20-34µg/ml) and amylase inhibitory assay have Ic 50µg/ml (9.310-11.23µg/ml,19.14-20.09 µg/ml, 12.33-13- 23µg/mland 13.27-14.36µg/ml).
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Influence of plant growth regulators on human health and their analysis Samriti Guleria*, Mukul Kumar, Prince Chawla and Ravinder Kaushik School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India *Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Plant Hormones (auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin) or phytohormones are molecules that are naturally occurring as secondary metabolites in plants at very low concentration. Plant Growth Regulators (PGR) includes both naturally occurring plant growth substances, as well as synthetic compounds and chemical substances. PGRs play an important role in the whole life cycle of plants. These regulators mainly affect the growth, separation, development of plant and also influence the different processes, such as stomatal development, cell division, enlargement, stem elongation, senescence, differentiation, seed germination, organ development, germination and abscission, apical dominance. PGRs are capable of controlling the crop size, increase crop grain productivity, increase higher yield in leafy vegetables, increase the size of fruits and vegetables, make them look attractive for consumer and improve the agricultural production. The residues of PGRs (auxin, gibberellin) in agricultural products are seriously detrimental to human health as they have been found with hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity, even carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. Furthermore, PGRs are suspected to disrupt the function of human and animal reproductive systems. Therefore, it is necessary to detect these regulators for further ensuring food safety and human health. In this context,several methods are used to detect the residue of these regulators such as LC-MS, HPLC, GC-MS, immunoassays techniques (radioassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).
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PP: 60 Isolation and Characterisation of Hypovirulence associated dsRNA Mycovirus from Fusarium
Ishan Sharma1*, Kartik Chauhan1, Tanvi Gupta1, Amanpreet Kaur Virk1 and Saurabh Kulshrestha1 1Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, (H.P.)
ABSTRACT Root rot disease of apple is caused by number of plant pathogenic fungi and Fusarium spp. is one of them. Fusarium, a genus of filamentous fungi, has manyspecies which are serving as important pathogen to many diseases in crops. Curing soil borne fungal diseases is a major concern as fungicide treatment to infected soil raises environmental concerns. Biological control of soil borne fungal diseases by the use of mycoviruses is a relatively new area with great promises. Mycoviruses induce hypovirulence in certain plant pathogenic fungi which make them useful biocontrol agents. Dependence on fungicides can be reduced by debilitating the plant pathogenic fungi. An attempt was made to isolate ds-RNA elements from Fusarium spp. infecting apple. Presence of mycoviral dsRNA was confirmed by isolation of dsRNA using CF-11 cellulose chromatography method followed by RT-PCR amplification with primer pairs designed from the RdRp sequences of different Fusarium mycoviruses and then sequencing was done to find out the gene sequenceof the invading mycovirus. A sequence of 705bp was obtained after sequencing. BLASTn results had shown results i.e. the sequence was found to be 90% identical to the Fusarium fujikuroi IMI 58289 draft genome, chromosome FFUJ and 50% identical to Fusarium fujikuroi IMI 58289 related to phospholipase D, partial mRNA. Present investigation confirms the presence of dsRNA mycovirus in Fusarium isolated from apple orchards and in future, mycoviruses can be used as biocontrol agents to combat fungal diseases and exploit them as tools to explore the physiology of their fungal hosts.
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Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antifungal activities of Herbal Plants
AvinashRangra*, Sheetal and Sonia Mehta
Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, H.P., India ABSTRACT With the rise in population, insufficient stock of drugs, excessive cost of treatments, side effects of several allopathic drugs and resistance for currently used drugs led to increase the use of plants material as a source for medicines to treat wide variety of human disorders. A study was accomplished to examine the antimicrobial, antioxidant and qualitative phytochemicals properities and FT – IR analysis of some medicinal plants (Viola odorata, Tinospora cordifolia, Bacopa monnieri and Mentha piperita). Initially, the antimicrobial properities of the aqueous plant extract examined against the pathogenic bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungal strain (Candida albicans) by well diffusion assay.The best effect was observed in case of Viola odorata against the bacterial strain (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) whereas Tinospora cordifolia had shown maximum activity against the fungal strain (Candida albicans). Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was done to analyze the Phytocompounds and the functional groups present the medicinal plants (Viola odorata andTinospora cordifolia), maximum Phytocompounds were found in case ofTinospora cordifolia. DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) was used in the form of free radical to know the antioxidant potential of the compounds present in the plants extracts (Tinospora cordifolia and Viola odorata).The plants Tinospora cordifolia and Viola odorata exhibited an antioxidant activity in dose- dependent manner. The aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia leavesat different doses exhibited significantly higher antioxidant activity as compared to Viola odorata. Phytochemical properties of plant extract (Viola odorata flower) showed the presence of bioactive components like alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, carbohydrates and phenolic compounds in varying amount.
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PP: 62 Myopia: Needs to revert not to Adjust Bapin Kumar Panda1* 1Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences
ABSTRACT With growing population is developing myopia, is a threat that requires an immediate and permanent solution. Myopia when untreated properly can be fatal and 2/3rd of world’s population loss vision because of higher myopia, which is associated with retinal detachment, macular degeneration, premature cataract and glaucoma. As lifestyle, immediate environment and genetics plays important role in myopic development, the process has to be a bi-direction process and thus further research in the gene responsible for eyeball elongation, will enable us to knockout myopia before it can boom and establish as an epidemic. In addition to it, recent researches have suggested that inhibiting retinoic acid synthesis may be a viable target for future drug to treat nearsightedness. With variable factors influencing the visual error, targeting the gene and employing gene editing techniques like that of precise CRISPR paves the ultimate way to cure this persisting problem. This review effort may lead to develop an effective therapeutic method to reverse the significant eye disorder and to provide a new perspective to investigate the mechanism of myopia development and genetic approach to inhibit the myopic progression and even to reverse this condition. PP: 63
Robotics: The New Era Of Scientific Technology Mumtaz Ahmad Pir, Adeeba Aijaz, Kirti Thakur, Manisha Choudary, Deepika Kapoor, Amit Kumar Singh Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, RIMT University, Mandi Gobind Garh, Punjab, Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT
Science has experienced a tremendous revolution in technical as well medicinal advancements since last 30 years. Specially the robotic technology that has played an immense role in this new
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) era of technology where in human corrections are sort out in dogmatic ways to provide a potential and improvemise surgical skills. It involves the surgical procedure using technology to aid the interaction between patient and surgen. surigical robots posses precised capacity of performing multi tasks during a surgery which provides a boost to surgens to complete the surgeries in least amount of time with least deficiences .The technology offers deficient advantages reducing human errors correcting physical capacity during the surigical interaction between patient and surgen .More over it allows the surgens to maintain their postural habits during the surgery.The technology offers a huge platform to the surgens as they can visualize the 3D view of the surigical part of the body with the help of instruments like camera’s ,sensors which help them to detect the tumors in the body. Robotic technology will have a huge role in the future world where in the nano technology may also be the part of next generation treatment options and is of great intrest to scientists and surgens specially.
PP: 64 The Influence Of The Internet On Immunology Education Urbas Ashiq Dar, Aadil Bashir, Deepika Kapoor Department of Microbiology, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Internet has a very impressive effect on the understanding of people regarding clinical immunology as very intellectual and effective ways are provided to make the people understand difficult concepts as well as basic understandings. This technique (internet based learning) is accepted by the universities and others institutes for the purpose of enhancing the teaching skills and understandings of audiences of several disciples. Multimedia plays a key role to enhance the teaching methods of the clinical immunology as it enhances the interaction between the desired students and the teachers (immunologists). Complex concepts such as “killing of T-cells by HIV, autoimmunity” might also be facilitated by combining text, animation, video and stimulation. E- mail serves as a batter way of communication between the respected teachers and students, so this GUI (graphical user interface) is most effective as students can pose questions using this facility if they are shy to ask in class and it supports the independent learning. In the field of immunology and biochemistry, the level of complexity continues to increase several highly
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) regulated cellular and molecular circuits in the immune system. The internet and computers have revolutionized concepts of biochemistry and clinical immunology depends on the student’s ability to visualize and create mental models such as molecular modeling and graphic animations. Due to the very specific nature of cells, antigens and antibodies etc, suggests the need for immunology teaching through new techniques, where students can encouraged to change their passive learning to active routine.
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Immobilization of alpha amylase using sodium alginate: i-carrageenan dual matrix entrapment Palki Sahib Kaur1, Arpit Sharma1, Sonica Sondhi1 1Department of Biotechnology, CGC, Landran, Mohali, I.K.G.Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India *E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Industrial development of the enzyme reactors requires the use of immobilized enzyme in order to reduce the cost of the biocatalyst. To a large extent this method prevents enzyme losses and at the same time maintains activity of biocatalyst at a high concentration. α-amylase has been immobilized on different carrier matrix by different methods like entrapment, physical adsorption, covalent binding and ionic binding. In the present study the effect of pH and temperature on efficiency of enzyme immobilization was evaluated by comparing the retained catalytic activity of the immobilized enzyme with that of the free enzyme. Method described for immobilization using sodium alginate: i-carrageenan dual matrix entrapment leads to high stability of α-amylase at low pH. Stability of α-amylase at low pH after immobilization was found to be consistent at 28°C, 37°C and 50°C.
PP: 66 Role of Angiotensin II type 2 receptor gene polymorphism with implication of different diseases AzharKhana* and Varun Jaiswalb aDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied sciences; bDepartment of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan H.P. *Email:[email protected]; ABSTRACT The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has a most significant role in maintenance of blood pressure, sodium metabolism, vascular tone, vascular modeling and also RAS system plays a key
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) task in the pathogenesis of many diseases and is also important drug target for the various types of medications. The functions of Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) is to counteract the functions performed by the Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) by inhibiting differentiation and cell proliferation, enhancing vasodilatation and also reducing the oxidative stress and inflammation. In humans, the AT2R encoding gene is present on the chromosome Xq22-q2. This receptor is not that much studied in comparison to that of the other components of RAS. Many recent studies have verified the function of AT2R single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in implication of different diseases in tissues like brain, kidney, heart, ovaries, kidney etc. The present review emphasizes the significance of AT2R and its polymorphism associated with the diseases for understanding the precise function of AT2R in different diseases and possibility of developing it as a potential drug target.
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Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles by using Bahuiniavariegata (Kachnar) and their antimicrobial properties PiyushVerma*, SamritiGuleria, Sujata, Tanya and Mukul Kumar School of Bioengineering and Food technology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India *Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles is much easier, suitable and highly sensitive process, therefore Bahuinia variegata (Kachnar) extract (aqueous) stabilized copper were prepared. For complete reduction and stabilization of copper nanoparticles different concentrations i.e. 1%, 2%, 3%, 5% and 10% of Bahuinia variegate were used.On the basis of UV-VIS spectrophotometer characterization least amount of Bahuinia variegata required for stabilization of copper nanoparticles was optimized. Average particle size and zeta potential of copper nanoparticles was confirmed by dynamic light scattering technique.The Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) was taken to analyze the various functional groups that were responsible for the reduction of copper ions. Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella was assed and Bahuinia variegata 107 | P a g e
CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) stabilized nanoparticles exhibited significantly higher zone of inhibition than that of positive control.
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Antimicrobial efficacy of green synthesizedcopper nanoparticles using Elwendia persica Tanya Thakur*, Samriti Guleria, Sujata Thakur, Piyush Verma and Mukul Kumar School of Bioengineering and Food technology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles was carried out and were stabilized with Elwendia Persica. Different concentrations i.e. 5%, 6%, 8% and 10% were used for the stabilization of copper nanoparticles. UV-Visible spectra confirmed the LSPR of copper nanoparticles at 350nm. The average particle size of the nanoparticles was 40.32nm, whereas zeta potential was 5.89mV. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) was recorded for scrutinizing the various functional groups that were responsible for the reduction and stabilization of copper nanoparticles. Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella was assed using Agar well diffusion method. Nanoparticles showed significantly higher zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli (20mm) and Pseudomonas (21mm) than that of Staphylococcus aureus (18mm) and Klebsiella (17mm). Hence, these nanoparticles could be used as effective antibiotic drug against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. PP: 69 Extraction of pigments from fruits and vegetables and used as colouring agent in RTS Sujata Thakur*, Samriti Guleria, Tanya,Piyush Verma and Mukul Kumar School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Pigment are organic compound and are used as colouring agent. Pigments are present in leaves, fruits, vegetables, and flowers. Natural pigments are used in medicines, foods, clothes, furniture, 108 | P a g e
CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) cosmetics, and drinks and in other product as a colouring agent. They provide an attractive look to the product and gave the better values for the colour. Colouring agent or pigments also improves the appearance of food product by imparting a colour or to compensate for any colour loss due to degradation during processing. Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato) and Beta vulgarius (Beetroot) powder is used for natural pigment extraction. Solvents (ethanol and water) were used for natural pigment extraction. FTIR confirms the presence of Lycopene pigment in liquid extract of Tomato and Betalain pigment in beetroot liquid extract. Ethanol was most efficient one yielding lycopene concentration of 1114mg. Water is more efficient in case of beetroot for extraction of betalain, and resulted in 123.9mg concentration. Lycopene and betalain was most stable at pH 8and 5 respectively. Degradation of pigment will also increases in the presence of oxygen as time increases .In RTS drink 20mg pigment concentration resulted in best colour. RTS drink in which pigment was used storage at high temperature (20-25˚C) and low temperature (4- 7˚C) affect the stability of lycopene and betalain pigment. Degradation of pigment was observed more at high temperature as compared to RTS storage at low temperature. Solvent extraction method was found simple and effective protocol for natural pigment extraction.
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Exploring the activity of Aristolochia manshuriensis bioactive compounds with angiotensin converting enzyme
Bhanu Sharma1, Huma Khan1 and Azhar Khan1*
Faculty of applied sciences and biotechnology, Shoolini university of biotechnology and management sciences, solan-173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
Email: [email protected]
Aristolochia acid and Oleanolic acid compounds were reported from Aristolochia manshuriensishave antihypertensive effect. However, the mechanism via which these compounds effect in blood pressure regulation is still unclear. Therefore, present study was designed to target this compound on Renin angiotensin system a hormonal cascade which
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) regulates the blood pressure. In silico protein-ligand docking of Aristolochia acid and Oleanolic acid with angiotensin converting enzyme was carried out by AutoDock tool 1.5.6 and structure of the compound were drawn by the Marvin sketch 17.21.0 software. The binding of the compound to the active site of the drug target was observed by chimera 1.9. Aristolochia acid and Oleanolic acid showed very low binding affinity with angiotensin converting enzyme and the drug target are partially blocked the active sites of the enzyme. Aristolochia acid showed the -8.6kcal/mol, and Oleanolic acid showed the -10.0kcal/mol with angiotensin converting enzyme. Aristolochia acid and Oleanolic acid compounds showed better binding energy with angiotensin converting enzyme than sesamol which is further better than in comparison to Captopril (standard) -5.5kcal/mol. Findings of the present study indicate the possible mechanism of action of these compounds and provide new perspective for the drug development against high blood pressure regulation. It also showed that angiotensin converting enzyme is very potential drug target for hypertension. PP: 71
Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles by using Bahuiniavariegata (Kachnar) and their antimicrobial properties PiyushVerma*, SamritiGuleria, Sujata, Tanya and Mukul Kumar School of Bioengineering and Food technology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India *Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles is much easier, suitable and highly sensitive process, therefore Bahuiniavariegata (Kachnar)extract (aqueous) stabilized copper were prepared. For complete reduction and stabilization of copper nanoparticles different concentrations i.e. 1%, 2%, 3%, 5% and 10% of Bahuiniavariegate were used.On the basis of UV-VIS spectrophotometer characterization least amount of Bahuinia variegata required for stabilization of copper nanoparticles was optimized. Average particle size and zeta potential of copper nanoparticles was confirmed by dynamic light scattering technique.The Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) was taken to analyze the various functional groups that were responsible for the reduction of copper ions. Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella was assed and Bahuinia variegata stabilized nanoparticles exhibited significantly higher zone of inhibition than that of positive control. PP: 72
Molecular Interaction Analysis of Resveratrol with Nerve Growth Factor as Prospective Neuroprotectant Ruchi Yadav* Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow- 226028, India Email:[email protected] ABSTRACT Resveratrol (RV) is most widely used antioxidant and effective molecule against neuronal diseases. Role of nerve growth factor (NGF) in repairing neuronal injured cells and enhancing the expression of neuronal repair genes has also been established. Microarray experiment was done to examine the alteration of gene expression in presence of monocrotophos (MCP) and also the repairing effect of RV+NGF. Microarray experiment has been deposited in NCBI’s Gene Expression Omnibus database with the GEO Series accession number GSE121261 and has been initially published in (Yadav and Srivastava 2018). In current research, molecular interaction of NGF with the RV and MCP has been studied to identify the crucial binding sites and binding energies between these molecules. Docking was done between NGF and RV derivatives, and MCP derivatives to study the interaction map. Molecular docking was done using Schrodinger software suite. Result shows that NGF possess strong binding sites with the RV and its derivatives by making hydrogen bonds at positions Lys (A: 88), Lys (B: 88), Arg (A: 50) and Tyr (A: 52). NGF makes hydrogen bond at position Phe (A: 53) and Phe (A: 49) with MCP and its derivatives. Results clearly signify the efficiency of RV and NGF as strong neuroprotectant against MCP induced neuronal injury. Further these synergistic molecules (RV+NGF) can be used as potential drug against different neurodegenerative disease like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, brain and spinal cord injury etc.
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Solid Waste Substrate for Production of Lipase by Aspergillus niger Shoaa Muzaffar Husaina,b, Mohit Nigama,c, Garima Awasthia aAmity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow -226028, U.P., India bHarcourt Butler Technical University, HBIT East Campus, Kanpur- 208002,U.P., India cShoolini University, Solan, H.P. India Email.id: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT
The cost effective lipase can be produced using solid waste as a substrate. Mustard oil cake and wheat straw is used as solid waste substrate for lipase production using Aspergillus niger. The Kinetic study was carried out to study the substrate utilization and product formation upto 144 hr incubation. The maximum enzyme activity was observed in mustard oil cake (510 U/ml) as compared to wheat straw (330 U/ml) after 144hr incubation. The substrate consumption was promising during the production period. The lipase was partially purified by following filtration, centrifugation and protein precipitation by salting out method. The partial purification was done at 80% w/v ammonium sulphate to precipitation protein. The maximum enzyme was observed in The purification fold was estimated 86.53846 and 132.3529 whereas percentage yield was 17.63736% and 10.51038% for mustard oil cake and wheat straw respectively. The results show that, both the substrate can be an effective source and cheaper source for the production of low cost lipase. PP: 74
Current Scenario of Solid Waste Management in Urban India and Way Forward Vishavjeet Rathee* Department of Zoology, DAV College, Sector-10, Chandigarh. Email: [email protected]
Urban India is witnessing a great challenge in the management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) largely due to thickly growing population in cites . This has led to sprawling rise in heaps of solid wastes everywhere. Municipal Solid Waste is one of the alarming environmental problems
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) of Indian cities. Improper management of MSW is posing hazards to inhabitants directly or indirectly. Despite the implementation of Municipal Solid Waste Management and Handling Rules 2000, in urban areas of country, various studies and common sights of garbage reveal that 90% of MSW is disposed of unscientifically in open dumps and landfills creating problems to public health and environment. In the present Poster, an attempt has been made to provide a comprehensive review of the collection, transportation, disposal and treatment technologies of MSW practiced in India. Various adopted treatment technologies for MSW are discussed with associated advantages and limitations. The visionary approach with some suggestive measures which may be beneficial in the management of MSW menace are discussed that may work towards further improvement in the Management of MSW.
PP: 75 ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT GANODERMA LUCIDUM COLLECTED FROM VARIOUS ZONES OF HARYANA Ritika Gera*, Shveta Baathla2, Anil Sindhu1 * Department of Biotechnology, Ambala College of Engg. And Applied Research, Mithapur, Ambala. Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chottu Ram University Of Science and Technology, Murthal, Sonepat. NDRI, Karnal Email [email protected] ABSTRACT
The antifungal activity of methanol, ethanol, petroleum ether extracts of different Ganoderma lucidum samples were investigated by testing the extracts against B.subtilis, Pseudomonas, S.aureus. The methanol and ethanol extract showed good activity rather than petroleum and ether extract. The higher activity of methanol and ethanol extract may be due to higher solubility of active compounds in these solvents. Methanol and ethanol were better able to extract the active antifungal compounds which exhibit higher zone of inhibition. The MIC of methanol and ethanol extract was 150µg/ml and MIC of petroleum and ether extracts was 500µg/ml.
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PP: 76 Isolation of Potential Probiotic Strains from Traditionally Fermented Alcoholic Beverages of Jammu and Kashmir. Heenu Sharma 1, Jasveen Bajwa 2* 1,2 University Institute of Biotechnology,Chandigarh University, National Highway 95, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Gharuan, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar (S.A.S Nagar), Mohali:140413, Punjab, India. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT
On the basis of the availability of raw material or other animal sources which may varies within different regions, Asian people used to prepare fermented food and beverages for consumption due to its promising health benefits. Diversity of fermented food microorganism especially in J &k regions, show wide spectrum which includes different strains of Lactic acid Bacteria, different species of yeast using for alcohol production and enhance the quality of food. Probiotics are potentially useful micro biota playing a wide variety of roles in several different fields including medical field for treatment purpose and food industries where their presence increase the nutritional value of the product. Due to wide potential role in the improvement of human gut by maintaining the balance in between good and bad bacteria which ultimately leads to the providing health benefits that results in the proper cell proliferation, differentiation and boost the immune system by maintaining the homeostasis. Probiotics show its vital role in the prevention of different disease like diarrhea, pancreatitis, maintaining blood cholesterol and for the cure of cancer also. In ancient times, people were used these fermented sausage in order to increase shelf-life of the food and other safety issues. Many fermented food and beverages are more in use in order to avoid degradation of food from noxious micro-organisms, helps in digestion by synthesizing number of various different amino acids, minerals and essential vitamins. In the research, we have focused on the bacteria or yeast that is specifically isolated from traditionally fermented food and beverages of Jammu because most of their micro-flora or their associated mechanism is not explored yet. The isolates were tested on phenotypic characteristics and antimicrobial activities of these isolates were checked against food borne pathogens and they showed promising results.
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PP: 77
A TEMPERATURE REGULATED SMART STERILE TRANSPORT SYSTEM Aman Kaushik University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharaun
ABSTRACT The present invention relates to a system for transport of materials under sterile conditions. In particular it relates to preserving and live monitoring of thermo labile (heat susceptible) specimen from bacterial degradation while transport. Temperature controller and UV filament is used to maintain the sterile condition inside the transport system. PP: 78 The Future of Diabetes Nadra Yussuf, Fatma Salum, Deepika Kapoor Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India Email: [email protected]
Despite the availability of oral hypoglycaemia agents for nearly 30 yrs their precise mode of action and role in the management of diabetes mellitus remains poorly defined and controversial. Almost a further 30yrs later the mechanism of action of melformin, one of the mainstays of treatment for type 2 diabetes remains to be fully elucidated. A newer treatments with better defines modes of action have been developed, still no cure for this disease. Worldwide more than 371 million people were living with diabetes in 2012 and the number of adults is expected to rise about 552 million by 2030. Diabetes not only profoundly affects the health of adults but also emerges in children and adolescents. Types 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder in which prevalence has been increased steadily all over the world. As results of this trend, it is fast becoming an epidemic in some countries. Screening and diagnosis is still based on world health organization (WHO) and American Diabetes Association
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(ADA) which includes both clinical and laboratory parameters, no cure has yet been found for the disease.
PP: 79 ROLE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN CANCER DETECTION
Paras Narang1, Sandeep Arora2, Tapan Behl3* 1. Undergraduate student, Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, India 2. Director, Department of Pharmacology ,Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401 3. Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, India Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Cancer is a group of disease involving abnormal cell growth which is characterised by variation of the genome and the proteome. It was reported that cancer is the second main cause of death after cardiovascular disease. Symptoms of cancer include blood in urine, indigestion, unusual vaginal bleeding, weight loss and several other. Biotechnology is the broad area of biology involving living system and organism, and play an important role in diagnoses of disease and is a part of modern science with high accuracy, analysis ability at bimolecular level, with method of control of different types of cancer. Gene profiling, genome analysis, cell culture, identification of new biomarkers for detection of cancer was understood by biotechnology only. A research conducted in past on kiwi sponge, showed that it contain potential chemical drug that can stop growth of breast and lung tumours. Biotechnology has created hope for treatment and diagnose of cancer via various techniques. Among them, In situ hybridisation (ISH) is one of the technique which is used to detect RNA and DNA inside tissue and cell using labelled probes. Biotechnology can be utilized on any animal models like mouse and zebra fish, applications show valuable result in short time. Furthermore, biotechnology has proved a boon for rapid investigation and detection of cancer.
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PP: 80 Applications of nanotechnology in Forensic Science Anjali Department of University Institute of Applied Health Science, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab 140413 ABSTRACT Nanotechnology encompasses a nice influence on trendy technology, a bit like the development of DNA identification on biotechnology in the past 50 years. Because of applying knowledge and techniques from naturalscience, forensic science aims to identify, individualize and evaluate evidence. Evidence can then be usedto reconstruct crime scenes, guide investigations and bring criminals to justice. Nanotechnology has beenapplied towards these functions. Among the numerous nanotechnologies, Nano-analysis is most typically seen in forensic science with instrumentations including transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanningelectron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and Raman micro spectroscopy (Micro- Raman). This poster introduces the principles of nanotechnology, instrumentations, and known forensicapplications. Additionally, the toxicity of nanomaterials and future prospects has been discussed.
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Entomotoxicology and Acarology : Emerging Zoological Subfields in Forensic Science
Sakshi Manhas*, Dr. Priyanka Verma Department of Forensic Science, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab, India Email id : [email protected] ABSTRACT The potential contribution of zoology in forensic science is greater than it is generally supposed. Different arthropods including insects and mites have been significantly used in finding cause of death, time since death, post burial interval and relocation of corpse under the branches of Forensic Entomology. Forensic Entomology deals with the study and identification of necrophagus insects in medicolegal investigations. Insects are the first arthropod scavengers to colonize a dead body with phoretic mites.Forensic Entomotoxicology and Forensic Acarology 117 | P a g e
CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) are the two evolving branches in the field of Forensic Entomology. Insects and mites can be used in many ways to solve a crime but the very basic purpose of forensic entomology is to estimate time since death. Post-mortem intervals from first day to several weeks can be estimated by calculating the age and analysing the species of necrophagous insects.Entomotoxicology comprises the analysis of toxins in arthropods that feed on carrion,mainly beetles and flies. It mainly evaluates postmortem interval and quantification of drugs in the body. Mostly, when standard matrices like urine, blood or viscera are not available, insects prove to be an useful forensic toxicological tool. In Forensic Acarology, mites can prove to be an important evidence in cases where the corpse is found in an unsuitable environment for the arrival of insects. Specific mites are being carried by the flies to the cadavers and the mites feed upon the immature stages of the flies. The mites reproduce much faster than the flies and therefore they can be used as valuable timeline markers. Right now the data base of both Forensic Entomotoxicology and Forensic Acarology is too sporadic and needs to be researched more as they have significant importance in forensic investigations. PP: 82 An overview on biochemical methods used for estimation of time since death Shikha Sharma*, Ruchika Dhiman*, Neetika Kumari* M.Sc Forensic Science & Toxicology, Chandigarh University ,Surender, Assistant Professor, UIAHS, Chandigarh University Email Id –[email protected] ABSTRACT The determination of the time since death is an important aspect in medico-legal investigation. Many recent advances in the methods of estimating time since death have enabled us to determine postmortem interval more precisely. Earlier methods were based on the livor mortis, rigor mortis, changes in the eye, putrefaction and contents of stomach. These methods were not so prominent only an approximate time could be estimated. Due to the fake precision the focus has been shifted to biochemical, entomological and nucleic acid degradation methods which are based on systematic pathophysiological changes and found to be more accurate as the effect of external conditions is less in these methods. This review describes estimation of time since death through body fluids such as vitreous humor, pericardial fluid and synovial fluid due to changes in them which occur following death and relation to postmortem interval.
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PP: 83
Statistical Techniques for Biotechnology, Life Sciences and Agriculture Research
Bharti, P.K. Mahajan and Ankita
Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan Himachal Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT Statistics is the science which deals with the collecting, classifying, presenting, comparing and interpretation of data. The main aim of the researcher is to draw valid inferences by using various statistical techniques/methods. The art of drawing valid conclusions depends on how the data have been collected and analysed. Depending upon the objective of the study, one has to choose an appropriate statistical procedure to test the hypothesis. A person doing research without use of proper statistical tool is like a blind man in a dark room looking for a black cat that is not there. Thus, it is essential that the manpower engaged in teaching and research is to be trained in the applications of various statistical techniques/methods and application of computer in statistical analysis. The use of statistics is apparent in our daily lives. Statistics and design of experiments are important tools for biotechnologist and should be used while planning and conducting experiments as well as during the analysis and interpretation of results.
PP: 84 Distribution of stereoisomers D-amino acids their biological role and industrial significance Shikha Kapil and Vipasha Sharma* University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, 140413, Punjab, India *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Amino acids the structural unit of proteins and is present in L & D forms in nature. In prokaryotes these D-amino acids are present in peptidoglycan whereas, in higher organisms they act as a neurotransmitter in neural synapsis. Among D-amino acids D-asparagine, D-glutamine, D-serine and D-alanine are present in bacterial cell whereas D-serine and D-aspartate are present in mammalian nervous system. These D-amino acids are said to be important regulator in mammalian CNS as they involve in various neurodegeneration disorders such as brain ischemia,
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Alzheimer’s disease, and schizophrenia. None the less, these D-amino acids are the cellular response which produce due to biological stress in order to survive in extreme conditions. Hence, more biological stress more D-amino acids are there. Among all, D-serine has emerged as an important constituent in brain developmentas well as cell wall constituent in antibiotic resistance. D-amino acids are also present in plants and all protein based diets.Bacteria utilises these D- amino acids for their own growth and can be a reason for food spoilage. Moreover, D-amino acids substitutions are important and can be utilised to increase the in vivo activity of various antimicrobial peptides.D-amino acids are important for both biological as well as industrial application. Various strategies such as biological stress, food processing and protein engineering can be utilized to enhance D-amino acid production.
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Variation in the Fruits of Wild Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) in Himachal Pradesh Thiyam Jefferson Singh* and Tara Gupta Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh-173 230, India *E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Present investigations were carried out on wild pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) in three locations spread across two districts of Himachal Pradesh. The extent of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance with respect to fruit morphology (i.e. fruit width, fruit length, fresh weight of fruit without rind, fresh weight of rind, fresh seed weight with pulp and fresh seed weight without pulp and quality traits (i.e TSS, total sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, acidity and ascorbic acid) in the fruits of fifteen wild pomegranate genotypes from Tatool, Narag and Daro Deohria were studied. Fruit width, length, fresh weight of fruit without rind, fresh weight of rind, TSS, total sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and ascorbic acid were recorded with high heritability. Thus, selection of progenies based on performance would be effective for these characters. All the parameters were positively and significantly correlated with each parameter. Fresh seed weight with pulp had highly significant and positive correlation with fruit width, fruit length, total sugar and reducing sugar. Therefore, emphasis should be
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) given to these characters while selecting a genotype for enhancing yield and fruit size in pomegranate. On the basis of desirable parameters, best individuals will be selected and tree improvement programme can be taken up for further studies.
PP: 86 Evaluation of fluorescent Pseudomonas isolates for their activity against plant-pathogenic fungi Sheetal Rana1, Ranjna Sharma1 And Mohinder Kaur1 Microbiology Section Dept. of Basic Sciences, College of Forestry, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173230 H.P. Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to identify and characterize the Pseudomonas sp. strains phenotypically and biochemically from the rhizosphere of normal and replant sites of apple and pear from different locations of Kullu, Mandi and Chamba districts. The isolates of Pseudomonas sp. were screened out for the production of direct and indirect plant growth promoting activities viz. siderophores, phosphate solubilizing, HCN, ammonia, lytic enzymes, antifungal activities and plant growth regulators viz. auxins, cytokinins and gibberellins so as to select potential strains to be further developed and used as inoculants for management of replant problem of apple and pear. Out of twenty nine Pseudomonassp. isolates, seven isolates were selected on the basis of overall PGPR activities including antifungal activity for the extraction and isolation of antifungal metabolite (2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol) from them. These bacterial isolates showed inhibition of the mycelial growth of most probable fungal pathogens associated with apple and pear plants viz.,Dematophora sp., Fusarium sp., Pythium sp. and Sclerotium sp.
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Assessment of antimicrobial activity of methanolic leaf extract ofOlea europaeacollected from Kashmir region Sagar Rajput, Ruhi Pathania and Azhar Khan Faculty of applied sciences and biotechnology, Shoolini university of biotechnology and management sciences, solan-173229, Himachal Pradesh, India [email protected]
ABSTRACT Development of drug resistant strains of human pathogens has resulted in the search for bioactive molecules from plant sources having antimicrobial properties. Leaves of medicinal plants are widely used as a source of many important substances. Olive leaf extract (OLE) has been used traditionally as an herbal supplement since it contains polyphenolic compounds with beneficial properties ranging from increasing energy levels, lowering blood pressure, and supporting the cardiovascular and immune systems.Antibacterial activity of methanolic extracts of Olea europaea was investigated against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria (E. coli, S. aureus, S. mutant, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and S. typhi).Methanolic extracts of Olea europiashowed maximum antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms. A comparison of data in the inhibition zones of pathogenic bacteria showed thatChloramphenicol were effective against all of the bacterial strains tested. Our result demonstrated that S. aureus, Pseudomonas and S. typhi.shows higher zone of inhibition (S. aureus- 18mm, Pseudomonas- 16mm and S. typhi-16mm). According to MIC results olive leaves has shown 3.25mg/ml, 6.25mg/ml, 6.25mg/ml with S. aureus, Pseudomonas and S. typhirespectively. At very low concentration Olea europiamethanolic extract shows anantibacterial activity which suggest their great potential as a source of nutraceuticals and various phenolic compounds.
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PP: 88 Purification, Characterization and Application of extracellular L-asparaginase of Bacillus sp. *KarandeepKaur and SimranpreetKaur P.G. Department of Biotechnology and Microbial Biotechnology S.G.G.S. College Sec-26, Chandigarh [email protected] L-asparaginase is a vital enzyme in therapeutics and food industry as it lowers the carcinogenic agent (acrylamide) formed in fried foods. Out of 20 isolates, the isolate 3 was selected with highest enzyme activity of 3.52 U/ml, 1.9mg/ml protein and 1.77 U/mg specific activity. According to various biochemical tests and ABIS online tool, isolate was 89% similar to Genus Bacillus. The crude L-asparaginase was produced in ST-2 medium and was precipitated with different solvents, salt and acid. Acid precipitation (0.1 N HCl) was found to be the best method as specific activity was increased to 3.69 U/mg (2.08 fold). Concentrated enzyme was loaded on DEAE Cellulose-52 column which provided single step purification with 7.2 fold purification and 36% yield.The maximum activity of purified L-asparaginase was obtained with 0.1M sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.5) with L-asparagine (0.05 M) and Na+ as a cofactor. The purified L- asparaginse of Bacillus sp. exhibited maximum activity at 37°C with 15 min of incubation. The presence of cysteine and tryptophan at or near the active site were proved with various amino acid modifiers. L-asparaginase of Bacillus sp. was found to be a good antioxidant and also capable of reducing L-asparagine in fried potatoes.
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In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract of Rumex crispus Abhishek Rana, Huma Khan and Azhar Khan Faculty of applied sciences and biotechnology, Shoolini university of biotechnology and management sciences, solan-173229, Himachal Pradesh, India [email protected]
ABSTRACT Inflammation is a severe response by living tissue to any kind of injury. There can be four primary indicators of inflammation: pain, redness, heat or warmness and swelling. Inflammation is either acute or chronic inflammation. Acute inflammation may be an initial response of the body to harmful stimuli. In chronic inflammation, the inflammatory response is out of proportion resulting in damage to the body. For these reason many people depend on herbal medicine from the ancient times for their primary health because herbal medicine is cheap in cost, lesser side effects. Rumaxvesicariushave been used as traditional herbal medicines throughout the world for a variety of therapeutic uses, such as psychopharmacological, antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti- inflammatory, purgative, antidiarrheal, antitumor, astringent, antidermitis, diuretic and antiviral activity. This capacity is primarily due to their redox properties which are important in adsorbing and scavenging of free radicals. Our study demonstrated that in vitro activity of Rumaxvesicarius as anti-inflammatory agent was evaluated albumin denaturation assay at different concentration. Aspirin was used as a positive control. The results showed that Rumaxvesicariusmethanolic leaf extract and root extractat a concentration range of 0.25-1.0µg/ml showedgretar percentage inhibition then synthetic chemical like asprin with maximum inhibition upto 44 percent.
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PP: 90 NIPAH –Virus: Cause and Prevention Mahavir Joshi, VipinDabas and AasthaMiddha University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India. ABSTRACT Zoonotic diseases have the potential to cause an epidemic in a short time period and due to changing ecological and environmental conditions zoonoses have been on the rise, posing a threat to human health. The emergence of Nipah virus in Malaysia in 1998-99 is a classical example of emerging zoonosis. Following the outbreak in Malaysia, there were major cases of NIPAH in India and Bangladesh throughout the past two decades with high fatality rate. The natural host of the virus was found to be a species of fruit eating bats i.e. Pteropus bat also known as flying fox. The major sources of infection amongst humans were raw date palm sap and pigs which were infected by fluids present inside Pteropus bats. The most affected were Asian countries but similar virus was also found in bats across African subcontinent. Nipah infection can be diagnosed in laboratory throughout the critical and rejuvenating stages of the infection, by appointing various test combinations.Niv infections in humans and animals are diagnosed by various tests such as virus isolation, serological tests and nucleic acid amplification tests. Since Nipah is a highly dangerous and potentially pathogenic contaminant, appropriate cautions have to be appointed while assorting,submitting and handling the sample. All the work related to Nipah has to be carried out in physical contaminant level. Till date no vaccine has been produced against Nipahvirus,due to limited experimental conditions, so certain measures could only be taken to prevent against Nipah virus, however the studies are in progress. A vaccine has been developed in Australia for protection of horses against the similar virus i.e. Hendra virus. The vaccine uses Hendra G protein and produces cross protective antibodies against HeV and NiV. Due to no licensed antibodies, only precautions can be taken to prevent infection by Nipah virus
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PP: 91 Establishment of biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated fromused contact lenses Seema Kumari* and Kavita Verma *Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh. E. mail : [email protected]
Contact lenses are a convenient and comfortable alternative to the eye glasses for many people. If we do not clean and care for them correctly, we are more likely to get eye infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a clinically significant pathogen involved in several important infections, where a corneal ulcer is one of them caused by extended use of contact lenses. P. aeruginosa has capability to adhere and form biofilm on medical devices like contact lenses. Continuous contact of the eye to the biofilm-infected lens can result in serious eye infections such as keratitis, which if left untreated, can ultimately lead to vision loss. In the present study, an attempt has been made to isolate P. aeruginosa form contact lenses procured from the patients with heavy eye infection. P. aeruginosa was finally confirmed biochemically and the biofilm forming ability of the isolated Pseudomonas was evaluated by various techniques. Maximum count was found to be on 5th day post inoculation. Further the biofilm formation was also confirmed microscopically. From the present study it was concluded that P. aeruginosa is more prevalent in eye infection and its ability to form biofilm was also observed.
PP: 92 Forensic Identification of Lipsticks using Fluorescence Microscopy and U.V. Spectroscopy Manjyot Singh Grewal, Peeyush Soni MSc Students, Department of Forensic Science and Toxicology, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab ABSTRACT Identification plays a major role in any crime investigation. The pattern of wrinkles on the lips has individual characteristics like fingerprints. Cheiloscopy is a forensic investigation technique that deals with identification of humans based on lips traces. A fluorescence microscope is an
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) optical microscope that uses fluorescence and phosphorescence instead of, or in addition to, scattering, reflection, and attenuation or absorption, to study the properties of organic or inorganic substances. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy or ultraviolet– visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis or UV/Vis) refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflectance spectroscopy in part of the ultraviolet and the full, adjacent visible spectral regions. The Fluorescence was observed using UV light in pink shade of brand cameleon and starlet , and red shade of colour bar and max factor. The physical characteristics of different shades of all brands of lipsticks were observed under the normal light and were checked for fluorescence under green and blue filter. The Fluorescence microscope was able to differentiate the shades of all brands physically by showing an array of colours , colour changing particles, and swirls of oil . UV Spectroscopy was able to differentiate the shades of all brands on the basis of spectra generated . All spectra were analysed near to lambda max that verified that all the lip-sticks are individual in nature and can easily be differentiated. The results of study are highly appreciable.
PP: 93 THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON FORENSIC CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION *Priyanka Mittal1, Madhusudan S2 Department of Forensic Science, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Gharuan [email protected] ABSTRACT Forensic science is a big asset to the society. Criminal investigation is incomplete without forensic science. To make sure that every criminal act comes to justice, it is necessary that the evidences present at the crime scene are analysed to perfection excluding all the possibilities of error. In most the cases things go well and results are usually accurate but some times external contaminants leads to false positives. The contaminants can come from soil, water or air which may somehow accumulate in human body and thus affect the results of forensic investigations. Common metabolites that can be accumulated through these mediums include coca ethylene, benzoyl ecgonine, phencyclidine, pesticides, heavy metals, micro and macro metals which are passively consumed. A better knowledge of such factors that leads to false positive results can
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really help forensic scientists thus society can be served better. This paper focuses on such contaminants and how false positives due to such contaminants can be avoided.
PP: 94 Gene silencing approaches through virus-based vectors: speeding up functional genomics in monocots Anuraj Chahal 1 and Samriti Sharma1* 1*Chandigarh group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a method of transient gene silencing in plants, triggered by the use of modified viral vectors. VIGS has found widespread use in deciphering the functions of plant genes, mainly for dicots. In the last decade, however, its use in monocots has increased noticeably, involving not only previously described viruses for monocots, but also those described for dicots. Additional viruses have been modified for VIGS to bring a larger collection of monocots under the ambit of this method. For monocots, new methods of inoculation have been tried to obtain increased silencing efficiency. The issue of insert stability and duration of silencing have also been addressed by various research groups. VIGS has been used to unravel the functions of a fairly large collection of monocot genes. This review summarizes the above developments, bringing out some of the gaps in our understanding and identifies directions to develop this technology further in the coming years.
PP: 95 RNAi technology: a new platform for crop pest control Anuraj Chahal1 and Samriti Sharma1* 1*Chandigarh group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: The insect pests are big threat in meeting the food demands for future generation. The present pest control strategies, including the existing transgenic approaches show certain limitations and are not completely successful in limiting the insect pests. However, the sequence-specific gene
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) silencing via RNA interference (RNAi) holds a great promise for effective management of agricultural pests. RNAi is naturally occurring conserved process responsible for gene regulation and defense against pathogens. The efficacy of RNAi varies among different insect orders and also depends upon various factors, including the target gene selection, method of dsRNAs delivery, expression of dsRNAs and presence of off-target effects. RNAi-mediated silencing of different insect genes involved in various physiological processes was found to be detrimental to insects growth, development and survival. In this article, we have reviewed the potential of RNAi-based strategies for effective management of insect pests. We have also discussed the various parameters, which are to be considered for host-induced RNAi-mediated control of insect pests without producing any effect on non-target organisms and environment.
PP: 96 In-vitro production of secondary metabolites and its applications Khushi Verma and Samriti Sharma1* 1*Chandigarh group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT:
Secondary metabolites are mainly produced by plants and utilized by humans from time immemorial. A plant cell, tissue, and organ culture has an inherent capacity to manufacture valuable chemical compounds as the parent plant does in nature. In vitro plant materials are one of the good sources for the production of secondary metabolite and elicitation can be used as one of the important tool in order to improve the synthesis of these compounds. In a variety of plant cell cultures, elicitors have increased production of terpenoid indole alkaloids, isoflavo-noid phytoalexins, serquiterpenoid phytoalexin, coumarins etc. Although elicitation has been carried out in large number of medicinal plants, we extensively studied it in Catharanthus roseus, because it is an important source of anticancer compounds Vinblastine (VLB) and Vincristine (VCR). The use of elicitor is also important in order to meet the market demands, for reducing production costs and for in-depth investigation of biochemical and metabolic pathways. This information helps us in manipulation of biosynthetic pathways which can be used as a powerful tool to make natural product-like compounds. 129 | P a g e
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Production of virus free plants Abhishek Chandel1 and Samriti Sharma1* 1*Chandigarh group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Field grown plants, especially the perennial crops, harbor a variety of pathogens, such as fungi, bacteria, phytoplasma, viruses and viroids, which cause considerable economic losses and restrict international movement of germplasm. Whereas fungal and bacterial diseases can be controlled by the application of fungicides and bactericides, viruses and viroids generally do not respond to chemical control. Eradication of viruses is highly desirable to optimize the yields. Traditionally, thermotherapy of whole plant has been used to obtain virus free plants from infected stock plants, which is a cumbersome process. Moreover, not all viruses are eliminated by this method. Since 1952 shoot meristem-tip culture has become the most popular method for virus eradication. Where viruses invade the meristematic dome shoot-tip culture is combined with thermotherapy and /or chemotherapy. Cryotherapy of shoot-tip is emerging as a powerful technique for virus elimination. Recently electrotherapy of shoot tip before culture has been found helpful in elimination of some viruses. Shoot meristem-tip culture alone or in combination with thermotherapy, chemotherapy, electrotherapy and/or cryotherapy is being widely used to raise virus free plants from infected stock plants. PP: 98
Nanotechnology based strategies of siRNA delivery for brain disease therapy Mansi*, Saloni Agarwal, Seema Kumari Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh. Email :- [email protected]
ABSTRACT: RNAi is used to regulate production of certain proteins and peptides which alter the body’s functions. RNAi based technologies offer an attractive strategy for the sequence specific silencing of disease causing genes. siRNA is a hydrophilic sequence with nearly 22 nucleotide. Argonaute 2 and Dicer
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) are the enzymes involved in this process. siRNA has high specificity for targets, has highly efficient catalytic action, is sufficient in small doses, is fast and easy to develop and is suitable for orphan diseases for which there is a lack of market that is necessary to attract support and resources. The main problems in using siRNA as a therapeutic agent are its digestion by nucleases and enzymes in the body, difficulty in crossing barriers, repulsion between cell wall and siRNA due to similar charges and short circulation lifetime due to cell endocytosis, glomerular filtration, etc. So we use nanoformulations as carriers for siRNA delivery. Nanoparticles have a potential to revolutionize a series of medical and biotechnology tools and procedures so that they are portable, cheaper, safer and easier to administer. They can get tailored to siRNA, provide protection to siRNA, have long half life, reduce renal filtration time and can be precisely made biofunctional.
PP: 99
In-Silico Molecular Docking Simulation for Evaluation and analysis of Capsaicin Binding with Homology Modelled Refined Structure of Acetylcholinesterase from Dengue Vector Aedes aegypti Validating its Potential Role as a Bio-Larvaecidal agent Mitun Chakraborty1*, Madhav Gaba1, Antara Mondal1 1University Institute of Biotechnology,Chandigarh University, National Highway 95, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Gharuan, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a prominent enzyme of nervous system of all eukaryotes including insect which regulates the neurotransmission by hydrolyzing acetylcholine. Cholinergic synaptic junctions of the central nervous system relay signals by acetylcholinesterase induced hydrolysis of neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Inhibition of the enzyme AChE in insects would lead to rapid death and could be used as a potential target for developing insecticides. Challenge exists in formulation of eco-friendly herbal extract having potent larvaecidal effect. Capsaicin (IUPAC- (6E)-N-[(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) methyl]-8- methylnon-6-enamide), a secondary metabolite of pepper plants is an effectual biomolecule having high binding affinity with various receptors on the cell. Multiple sequence alignment of
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AChE amino acid sequences corresponding to three species of mosquitos namely Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae and Culex sp revealed highly conserved domains with high sequence homology predominant in between A. aegypti and Culex sp. Homology model of AChE of Aedes aegypti and Culex sp was predicted based on crystal structure of Anopheles gambiae AChE (PDB id: 5YDH). Ab-initio protein structures were refined through ModRefiner and locPrefmd and further validated through Molprobity. Docking studies revealed high substrate specificity of AChE of dengue causing A. aegypti for capsaicin in comparison to conventional insecticides used in our studies. Capsaicin ranked second best candidate molecule adjudged by its strong binding affinity with minimum binding energy of -8.06 and -7.90 kcal/mol as predicted by Autodock and SwissDock, respectively. However Autodock Vina ranked it third best with - 8.10 kcal/mol. The current investigation would advance the knowledge on the low cost formulation of herbal larvaecides with capsaicin to inhibit AChE of A. aegypti posing specific damage to larvae minimizing mammalian toxicity. This will further open the scope for development of herbal insecticides with minimum damage to environment from its green synthesis to its biodegradable disposal leading to effective biological control of dengue causing mosquito strain. PP: 100
Screening of potential probiotic strains for bacteriocin production from traditionally fermented fish of North East India Jasveen Singh Bajwa1* and Nivedita Sharma2 1 University Institute of Biotechnology,Chandigarh University, 2 Department of Basic Sciences, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Nauni, Solan Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT
India has a diverse food culture nowadays, much attention is being paid in obtaining new probiotic strains from rare and novel traditional fermented food products. Traditional foods of India are so far least explored to isolate health promoting probiotic bacteria. This study is basically aimed to evaluate the ability to produce bacteriocin from potential probiotic strains
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) isolated from fermented fish of North East India. Bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides ribosomally synthesized from bacteria. Probiotic strains help in magnifying the health of the host and are yet not characterized. Production of bacteriocin is regarded as an excellent trait for the selection of potential probiotic isolates. Ethnic fermented foods have been consumed by the traditional people of North East India for more than 2500 years old as per the historical records. Seafood is atypical to North East India, people catch the available fishes from the various sources and preserve them traditionally. These fish products are generally consumed in the daily diet of the people. Sidra is a traditional fermented fish product produced by the people living in the North-Eastern part of India. Although research in this area is still at a very budding stage, there is enough evidence to suggest that bacteriocins may function in a number of ways within the gastrointestinal tract. Here we demonstrate that Lactobacillus paracasei S1(a) and Lactobacillus paraplantarum Sam1 a recently sequenced and probiotic strain of animal origin, produces a bacteriocin in vitroto enhance human health. These strains show antimicrobial effect on food borne pathogen. Hence, this study affirms the use of the probiotic strains in the development functional foods to impart to betterment of the health of public as highly effective probiotics.
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Mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis immune evasion as a challenge to TB vaccine design
Harmanpreet Kaur *, Konica, Dr.Praveen Rishi
Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh
E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis (TB) is a complex disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and transmitted by the inhalation of tubercle bacilli released into the air through coughing, sneezing and spitting from an infected person. The success of M.tb as a pathogen is because of the ways in which it
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) evades and exploits different cell subsets to persist and cause the disease. M.tb expresses various molecules to prevent its recognition and destruction by immune cells. In 1921, a live attenuated BCG vaccine became available. But TB killed 1.5 million people worldwide in 2014 despite the availability of the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), the only current licensed vaccine against TB. There are major barriers and challenges for developing effective TB vaccine due to various mechanisms of evasion evolved by M.tb such as proteins produced by the tubercle bacilli can modify the host signalling pathways’ preventing the phagosome-lysosome membrane fusion as well as it expresses a multitude of proteins which help counteract its killing by alveolar macrophages. Currently, two main strategies are being pursued for the development of an improved vaccine-a) to boost BCG with a subunit vaccine, b) developing a replacement BCG vaccine. The magnitude of problem demands improved tools for bending the curve of TB prevalence downwards. Recent advancements in technology and progress in TB vaccine development provides an optimism that sustained efforts will lead to the development of successful vaccine. PP: 102
Formulation by Design Oriented Development and Characterization of Novel Fizzy Formulation for Pediatric Use
Subh Naman*, Ashish Baldi
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, India-151001
Email Id:[email protected], [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Present day’s conventional pediatrics dosage forms are not very acceptable towards the children. Due to various reasons such as larger size, bitter taste etc. pediatric patients reject the present conventional dosage form in many cases. So, there is need for development of some attractive and effective dosage form for children. In Fizzy granules, medicaments are given in form of effervescence beverage with variety of flavor which increases the chance of acceptance of
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) dosage form and have required therapeutic effect. In present study fizzy granules are prepared by non-aqueous wet granulation method. Formulation by Design has been applied for formulation of fizzy granules. Critical Process Parameters, Critical Quality Attributes & Critical Material attributes has been identified. Plackett Burman Design has been used for screening of various significant and response variables that affects the formulation of fizzy granules. Central composite design has been employed for optimizing the various variables. Contour plots have been generated and optimal values of different variables have been generated by using the point optimization property of Design Expert Software. Related documents such as Batch Manufacturing, Process validation has been developed and applied. Quality by design has been successfully applied for development of flavoured medicated fizzy granules that have better patient compliance and also have required therapeutic effect.
PP: 103 Forensic analysis of drugs in human nails by using different analytical techniques
Shubham Saini*1, Mrinalini Ningthoujam*2,
M.Sc. Dept. of Forensic Science and Toxicology, Chandigarh University
E-mail: 1 [email protected]* , 2 [email protected]**
ABSTRACT
Drug addiction is a chronic disease which may lead to death of an individual if not treated. Nails have a very important forensic significance as they accumulate substances for long time. Nails have advantage over the other body fluids such as blood and urine as longer detection in nails, non-invasive sample collection, easy storage and transport. Keratinic matrices, such as finger- and toenails, can accumulate drugs during long term exposure. Drugs are incorporated into nails by a double mechanism: (i) deposition into the root of the growing nail via the blood flow in the nail matrix; and (ii) incorporation via the nail bed during growth from the lunula to the beginning of the free margin. Different analytical techniques were used to detect the drugs in the human nails few of these techniques are the Raman spectroscopy, Inductively coupled plasma Mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), GC-MS(Gas chromatography mass spectrometry), LC-MS/MS, Surface
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) enhancementRaman spectroscopy (SERS), (CF-IRMS) Continuous-flowisotope ratio mass spectrometry, HPLC(High performance liquid chromatography).
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Bioethanol production by monoculture and co-culture combinations of ethanologens and scale up in a stirred tank bioreactor
Nisha Sharma1* and Nivedita Sharma 2 PhD scholar, Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) – 173230, India1
E mail: [email protected]
Professor, Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) – 173230, India2
ABSTRACT In the present study, development of a technology for effectively converting alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreated P. deltoides wood to simple sugars by potential inhouse enzymes produced from isolated potential microorganisms i.e. Bacillus altitudinis Kd1 (M) xylanase producer and cellulase producerBacillus stratosphericus N12 (M) as well as fungal strain M. thermophila SH1 and intern fermenting them to appreciable concentration of ethanol by mono culture and co- culture combinations of ethanologens in which the best combination were S. cerevisiae-I + P. Stipitis. Fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolysate was performed under simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) usingdifferent yeasts viz. Saccharomyces cerevisiae I, Saccharomyces cerevisiae II, Pichia stipitis, Candida shehatae and Zymomonas mobilis as monoculture and co-culture combination. Maximum 11.26 g/l ethanol yield achieved with co-culture of S. cerevisiae II + P. stipitis with fermentation efficiency of 44.16% under SSF. Co-culture combination ofS. cerevisiae II + P. stipitis was applied for scale up process of bioethanol in a stirred tank bioreactor. The results of bioreactor when compared with shake flask experiment, an improved yield with shorter fermentation time have emerged as the remarkable achievement of scale up
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) process that fulfills the main aim of our study, thus envisaging sustainable energy production and improved environmental quality.
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Possible antimicrobial effects of tea mixed with Indian spices
Nikita Ranwa, Nitika Bragta , Dr. Zaved Ahmed khan
University institute of biotechnology , Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali , 140413 .
ABSTRACT
Tea is the most common plant based beverage consumed in the world. Tea has two botanical varieties Camellia Assamica and Camellia Sinensis. It has several benefits, as tea contain high amount of antioxidants, alertant and relaxant. Studies have shown that many infectious diseases have been treated with Tea extract.Two blends of green tea(Tetley and Lipton) , black tea(red label and Lipton yellow label) and Lemon grass tea (Cymbopogon citratus tea) were used respectively. The concentration of green tea extract tested with strains of E.coli was 1.4g/ml.Black tea and Lemon grass tea were used as per instructions given on the packet. Standard technique of Agar disk diffusion is used to determine the antimicrobial activity. The tested bacteria E.coli used in this study is obtained from laboratory, UIBT, Chandigarh University. We have also compared the antimicrobial effect for black tea, green tea and yellow tea supplemented with turmeric, neem and tulsi respectively. The result showed that the green tea (i.e Tetley ) supplemented with turmeric showed highest zone of inhibition while the green tea (i.e. lipton ) supplemented with tulsi showed the lowest zone of inhibition.
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NANOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Shailja1*, Himani Sharma1 and Samriti Sharma2 *Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan Mohali, India. 2Chandigarh group of colleges, Landran, Mohali *Presenting Author Email:[email protected]
ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology. referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macro scale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. Synthesis of nanoparticles has been the subject of a lot of studies due to its commercial importance and applications. Their interesting characteristics and wide applications have led to numerous methods being developed for synthesis of nanoparticles of various shapes and sizes. Typically, the methods employed for their synthesis of nanoparticle include physical, mechanical and chemical methods. However, these methods are very expensive and some of them which involve hazardous chemicals. Therefore, there is emergent need to develop environmentally benign and sustainable methods for nanoparticle synthesis. Green chemistry processes led to environmental friendly method of synthesis and safe process as compared to other methods. The advances of biological route from the general, molecular, catalytic, and functional information obtained under close to optimal conditions through action of enzymatic properties may help to understand the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of nanoparticles formation.
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PP: 107
Bioremidiation of azo dyes using biogenic iron nanoparticles
Himani Sharma* Shailja and Poonam Shirkot
Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan
*E-mail for correspondence: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Rapid industrialization has led to release of toxic effluents in water which contaminate the ecosystem. With worldwide increase of textile industries in many countries significant use of synthetic complex organic dyes as colouring material have increased significantly. Azo dyes are widely used due to complex structures and high persistance to dye various materials such as leather, plastics, textiles, food, paper and cosmetics and their breakdown product have carcinogenic and mutagenic effects on various life forms. Biologically synthesized iron nanoparticles can degrade intermediate byproduct such as aromatic amines by various enzymes which are successfully utilized for the elimination of hazardous and toxic wastes due to their catalytic, super-magnetic property and greater efficiency. This minireview discusses the mechanism of biodegradation and decolorization of azo dyes by biogenic iron nanoparticles by optimizing various parameters. This suggested that iron nanoparticles are suitable for decolorization of textile effluents which is eco-efficient, less time consuming and economic approach.
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PP: 108 Bioethanol production by monoculture and co-culture combinations of ethanologens and scale up in a stirred tank bioreactor
Nisha Sharma1* and Nivedita Sharma 2 PhD scholar, Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) – 173230, India1
Professor, Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) – 173230, India2
E mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT In the present study, development of a technology for effectively converting alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreated P. deltoides wood to simple sugars by potential inhouse enzymes produced from isolated potential microorganisms i.e. Bacillus altitudinis Kd1 (M) xylanase producer and cellulase producerBacillus stratosphericus N12 (M) as well as fungal strain M. thermophila SH1 and intern fermenting them to appreciable concentration of ethanol by mono culture and co- culture combinations of ethanologens in which the best combination were S. cerevisiae-I + P. Stipitis. Fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolysate was performed under simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) usingdifferent yeasts viz. Saccharomyces cerevisiae I, Saccharomyces cerevisiae II, Pichia stipitis, Candida shehatae and Zymomonas mobilis as monoculture and co-culture combination. Maximum 11.26 g/l ethanol yield achieved with co-culture of S. cerevisiae II + P. stipitis with fermentation efficiency of 44.16% under SSF. Co-culture combination ofS. cerevisiae II + P. stipitis was applied for scale up process of bioethanol in a stirred tank bioreactor. The results of bioreactor when compared with shake flask experiment, an improved yield with shorter fermentation time have emerged as the remarkable achievement of scale up process that fulfills the main aim of our study, thus envisaging sustainable energy production and improved environmental quality.
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PP: 109 Antimicrobial effect of Guava leaf extract against Streptococcus mutans Chandrakanta Bhusal*, Dr. Seema Kumari Department of Microbiology,Panjab University,Chandigarh Email: [email protected] The oral cavity contains a wide variety of oral bacteria, of whichStreptococcus mutans are most closely associated with dental caries.S. mutans colonize the dental surface and cause damage to the enamel in the presence of carbohydrates. The appearance of S. mutans in the tooth cavities is followed by caries after 6-24 months. The acidogenic S. mutans is able to form EPSin the presence of sucrose and it leads to formation of dental plaques.Biofilms are becoming difficult to eradicate due to nutrient limitation, slow growth, poor antibiotic penetration, adaptive stress responses, and formation of persister microbials.Although chlorhexidine has shown antimicrobial effects against S. mutans, but phenotypic resistanceis exhibited by subpopulations of microbials within biofilms.Herbal products present an attractive potential as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy.Hence,we have tested the aqueous extract of guava prepared from its young leaves against Streptococcus mutans.Its mode of action,bioactive fraction or component identification and synergy with common antibiotics had been assessed.We found it to be effective anticariogenic agent.Furthur research should be undertaken to explore its potential application in controlling the biofilm in model systems for its likely future use.
PP: 110
Business Behind Red Sandalwood: The Endangered plant species Deeksha Verma*, Shivani Pathania*, Uttam Singh Department of Forensic Science and Toxicology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali E mail- [email protected] ABSTRACT
Red sandalwood is one of the most precious tree species in Indian forestry. Its botanical name is Pterocarpus santalinus. These trees are naturally growing in the forest and since there is no symmetric cultivation, at the face of increased exploitation, Red sandalwood has become 141 | P a g e
CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) endangered species in the country. The wood and oil of it are highly valuable not only due to its medicinal benefits but also in other industrial uses, thus being overexploit. Red sandalwood is a prohibited item for export and falls in the list of Convention of International Trade in Endangered species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITIES). But the smugglers still exploit it as the countries like China, Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore and Myanmar have a high demand for it and they offer a lot of money to the smugglers. Along with exploitation, adulteration in the pure of its wood and oil is seen as the provider tries to make more money by increasing the quantity, by adding some cheap material which resembles its original form. There are various macroscopic and microscopic test (from morphological features to DNA barcoding) can be done to test the purity of the sandalwood.
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PP: 111 CoxsackievirusA24 (CVA24) a non-enveloped Mayank Bahuguna Swami Rama Himalayan University CoxsackievirusA24 (CVA24) a non-enveloped, capped positive single stranded RNA virus of 7.4 kb in length causes acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC), a highly contagious eye disease. Effective cure and prevention for AHC are not yet available. RNA interference is a cellular endogenous system triggered by double-stranded RNA (ds-RNA) leading to sequence specific degradation of messenger RNA. Thus the study aimed to develop siRNAs based therapeutics against the virus using plasmid based small hairpin RNAs (shRNA-constructs) and chemically synthesized siRNAs PP: 112
Employing a new targeted nanoencapsulations for Alzheimer’s disease treatment; A change for the better? Arti devi1 and Zaved Ahmed Khan2 1,2University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab ABSTRACT In today’s scenario, elderly population is suffering from dementia which is the main form of Alzheimer’s disease and all over the world population is affected by this disease. Lifespan can be increased by improvements in medical field. Therefore, there is a vital requirement for the expansion of new methods for diagnosing the disease early, development of novel drugs for treating the disease and novel methods to deliver the drug at specific sites. In this study various nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems for treating Alzheimer’s disease are reviewed.
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Bacterial diversity study for synthesis of copper nanoparticles Priyanka Kashyap*, Sonia Kaushal, Pooja thakur and Poonam Shirkot Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan- 173230 E mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Biological synthesis of nanoparticles has come out as fastly growing area of research in nanotechnology across the globe. This method is an alternate to the conventional methods such as physical and chemical approach. Microorganism and plant parts are used for the fabrication of
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) nanoparticles but bacterial synthesis is gaining more importance over the plant and fungal synthesis of nanoparticles. In present study, samples were collected from the copper rich sites of Himachal Pradesh and Rajasthan for studying the bacterial diversity for synthesis of copper nanoparticles. Total 154 bacterial isolates were isolated using nutrient agar medium and characterized by using morphological and biochemical characters.All isolates were quantitatively screened by using 2mm copper sulphate and ability of synthesizing copper nanoparticles were primarily confirmed by colour change from light blue to greyish blue.
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Green Chemistry: Plant Extracts as Natural Indicator Sahibpreet Singh*, Love Kumar and Puneet Sudan Email Address- [email protected] ABSTRACT Green chemistry has found its application in analytical chemistry. The role of chemist is to minimize release of harmful chemicals into the environment. The several plant extracts have been discovered as natural indicator. The plant extracts are highly coloured and changes colour with variation in Ph. They have greater advantage over synthetic indicator. The synthetic indicators have environmental issues, high cost and high toxicity. These indicators can lead to skin irritation, headache, dizziness and eye irritation. Whereas natural indicators are eco-friendly, simple to extract out and easily available. The natural indicators have shown similar sharp colour change at equivalence point as that of synthetic indicators in titrations.
PP: 115 Photocatalytic dye reduction and antimicrobial efficacy of dextrose stabilized silver nanoparticles Prince Chawla*, Mukul Kumar, Samriti Guleria, Ravinder Kaushik Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India, 173229 Email:[email protected] Abstract Silver nanoparticles were fabricated by reduction of sodium borohydride and stabilized with dextrose. For optimization of stabilizing agent various concentration (i.e. 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 %) 145 | P a g e
CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) of dextrose was used and based upon UV-visible characterization least amount of dextrose required for stabilization of silver nanoparticles was optimized. Average particle size and zeta potential of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by dynamic light scattering technique. Morphological and structural characterization was done using transmission electron microscopy. FTIR spectrum confirmed the functional characteristics of nanoparticles. Three different dyes were used for the photocatalytic reduction assay and silver nanoparticles showed significantly higher reduction in dye as compared to unmodified nanoparticles. Sensitivity of LSPR region of silver nanoparticles was determined by different concentration of hydrogen peroxide and change in UV-visible spectrum confirmed the sensitivity of LSPR region. Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was assed and dextrose stabilized nanoparticles exhibited significantly higher zone of inhibition as compared to positive control and unmodified silver nanoparticles.
PP: 116 How Quality of Sleep Affects the Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Review Surekha Manhas 1*, Dr. Zaved Ahmed Khan 2 (1, 2) Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali. Email: [email protected]. Abstract Alzheimer disease is a insidious heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder that cause excessive undesirable production of certain proteins including Beta-amyloid and tau protein that ultimately results in the neuronal deterioration mostly in the hippocampus area of the brain which lead to the decline in the several brain activities specifically associated with memory impairment, problems related to reasoning , thinking, planning etc. After USA and China, India has the more cases of Alzheimer approximately 1.5 million Indians are suffered from this disease yet. Currently, According to the different research studies, the co-relation between sleep disturbance and Alzheimer has been found. A good quality of sleep enhances the brain health by maintaining metabolic homoeostasis. In this review, the study is focused on the topic that” how quality of sleep affects the Alzheimer disease”. Through the analysis of samples containing cerebrospinal fluid of different individuals specifically those who care feeling problems in sleeping or sleep deprivation, higher concentration of beta amyloid and tau proteins have been found as compared to normal individuals. In addition, certain studies on the mice also has been carried out which have been shown that the mice when undergoes sleep deprivation results in the twice the
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CUTTING EDGE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND OTHER LIFE SCIENCES (CERIBLS-2019) concentration of beta amyloid and tau proteins both are the main causes of pathology of Alzheimer disease. In fact, in AD patients sleep deprivation also varies on the basis of stages like in case of early onset of disease, individual sleeps more than normally and with the disease progression , it leads to more worsen state as the patient start sleeping the whole day and remain awaken throughout the whole night. However, there is a high risk of developing Alzheimer I case of insomnia. Currently, the different work has been done by various researchers’ shows that quality of sleep controls the generation of amyloid and tau protein. By controlling the problems associated with sleeping or proper sleep wake cycle may lower or reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s.
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Tannase from microhabitat 1Nisha Thakur and 1A.K.Nath 1Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni (H.P.) 173032 Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Research on tanninolytic enzymes produced from various filamentous fungi residing in nature’s home has been recently intensified. We explored hilly areas of northern Himalayas for fungal isolation with tannin degrading ability. The enzymatic activities were evaluated by the formation of a clear halo around the colonies in Czapdoxminimal medium (CMM) supplemented with 0.5% tannic acid in which the highest enzymatic index of 29.76% (EI ≥ 2.0) was obtained with fungal isolate coded as AN3. Tannase production was further evaluated by cultivating the isolate AN3 in liquid-state medium in which the enzyme production of 28Uh-1 was achieved after 96h of fermentation. The genus was examined using morphology and molecular systematic of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), which support the placement of fungal isolate among the members of hyphomycetes. The phylogenetic analysis based on the comparisons of the 18S rRNA gene sequences showed isolate affiliation to the genusPenicillium related to Penicillium crustosum GU723443 (with the sequence similarity of 96.33%). The 18S rRNA sequence of the strain AN3 has been deposited in the NCBI GeneBank (Accession number P. crustosum AN3 KJ820682.
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