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The Disease of Alcoholism

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The Disease of Alcoholism The Disease of Alcoholism Module 3 ALLIED TRADES ASSISTANCE PROGRAM Preventative Education: Substance Use Disorder Lack of willpower Alcoholism was thought Mental problem of as: Moral issue Asylum (nervous breakdown) If not shunned, the alcoholic was Detox (seizure) treated in: Jail (sleep it off) A Change in the way Individuals view Alcoholism : In 1956 alcoholism was classified as an illness by the AMA (American Medical Association). American Medical Association Statement: “Alcoholism is a primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations” -1983 Alcoholism The Disease is often progressive and FATAL Denial is characterized by continuous or periodic: Impaired control over drinking DENIAL Preoccupation with the drug Use of alcohol despite adverse consequences Distortions in thinking --- most notably: DENIAL SYMPTOMS: • Appear in physical, active and emotional categories • Vary from person to person SYMPTOMS: Physical Active Emotional • Compulsion • Irresponsible • Compulsion • Motor control • Absenteeism • Low esteem • Hand/eye • Tardiness • Grandiosity • Stagger • Living problems: • Guilt • Speech • Job • Shame • Breath • Social • Remorse • Blackouts • Legal • Depression • DENIAL • Financial • Anxiety • Medical • Self-pity • Dishonesty • Rage • Broken promises • Ingratitude • Blaming • Paranoia • DENIAL • DENIAL DID YOU KNOW: It takes 90 seconds for alcohol to affect the brain. Jellinek Curve: widely used to diagnose substance use disorder. ALCOHOL IN THE BODY BAC Chart for Men and Woman BAC Chart for Men BAC Chart for Women BAC LEVELS AND EFFECTS: The effects of alcohol intoxication are greatly influenced by individual variations among users. Some users may become intoxicated at a much lower Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) level than is shown. 0.02-0.03 BAC: 0.02-0.03 BAC No loss of coordination, slight euphoria and loss of shyness. Depressant effects are not apparent. Mildly relaxed and maybe a little lightheaded. 0.04-0.06 BAC: Feeling of well-being, relaxation, lower inhibitions, sensation of warmth. Euphoria. Some minor impairment of reasoning and memory, lowering of caution. Your behavior may become exaggerated and emotions intensified (Good emotions are better, bad emotions are worse). 0.04-0.06 BAC 0.07-0.09 BAC: 0.07-0.09 BAC Slight impairment of balance, speech, vision, reaction time, and hearing. Euphoria. Judgment and self-control are reduced, and caution, reason and memory are impaired, .08 is legally impaired and it is illegal to drive at this level. You will probably believe that you are functioning better than you really are. 0.10-0.125 BAC: 0.10-0.125 BAC Significant impairment of motor coordination and loss of good judgment. Speech may be slurred; balance, vision, reaction time and hearing will be impaired. Euphoria. 0.13-0.15 BAC: 0.13-0.15 BAC Gross motor impairment and lack of physical control. Blurred vision and major loss of balance. Euphoria is reduced and dysphoria (anxiety, restlessness) is beginning to appear. Judgment and perception are severely impaired. 0.16-0.19 BAC: 0.16-0.19 BAC Dysphoria predominates, nausea may appear. The drinker has the appearance of a "sloppy drunk.“ 0.20 BAC: 0.20 BAC Feeling dazed, confused or otherwise disoriented. May need help to stand or walk. If you injure yourself you may not feel the pain. Some people experience nausea and vomiting at this level. The gag reflex is impaired and you can choke if you do vomit. Blackouts are likely at this level so you may not remember what has happened. 0.25 BAC: 0.25 BAC All mental, physical and sensory functions are severely impaired. Increased risk of asphyxiation from choking on vomit and of seriously injuring yourself by falls or other accidents. 0.30 BAC: 0.30 BAC STUPOR. You have little comprehension of where you are. You may pass out suddenly and be difficult to awaken. 0.35 BAC: Coma is possible. This is the level of surgical anesthesia. 0.35 BAC: 0.40 BAC and up: 0.40 BAC and up: Onset of coma, and possible death due to respiratory arrest. Alcohol Withdrawal - Delirium Tremens - DTS Alcohol Withdrawal is the physical dependence associated with prolonged heavy use of alcohol is revealed when alcohol intake has stopped. Alcohol Withdrawal The abstinence syndrome that develops is medically more severe and more likely to cause death than withdrawal from narcotic drugs. Stages of Withdrawal Stages 1 – Stage 4 Stage 1: Tremors, excessively rapid heartbeat, hypertension, heavy sweating, loss of appetite and insomnia Stage 2: Hallucinations / auditory, visual, tactile or a combination of these AND rarely olfactory signs Stage 3: Delusions, disorientation, delirium- sometimes intermittent in nature and usually followed by amnesia. Stage 4: Seizure activity “Delirium Tremens” The old term “delirium tremens” is used to refer to severe cases that include at least Stage 3 HANGOVERS are NO fun Upset stomach, fatigue, headache, thirst, depression, anxiety AND general malaise. Congeners These are natural products of the fermentation and preparation process - some of which are quite toxic CONGENERS DEFINITION: CONGENER Congeners make the con·ge·ner /känjənər various alcoholic ,kənˈjēnər/noun beverages different in - a minor chemical smell, taste, color and constituent, especially one possibly hangover that gives a distinctive potential. character to a wine or liquor or is responsible for some of its physiological effects Congener Level: Wine: 0.04% Liquor: 0.1% Beer: 0.01% A standard drink is 12 grams of pure ethanol. • This equals: • 12 ounces of beer • 12 ounces of wine cooler • 5 ounces of wine • 1 ½ ounces of 80-proof distilled spirits (whiskey, vodka, rum, etc.) Effects of Alcoholism Nausea and Upset Stomach The nausea and upset stomach typically experienced can most likely be attributed to the fact that alcohol is a gastric irritant. Alcohol and Blood Sugar Levels One of the effects of alcohol intake is to increase the blood sugar level for about one hour after ingestion. Feeling of Fatigue This may be followed several hours later by a low blood sugar level and an increased feeling of fatigue. If you or someone you know is suffering from substance use or mental health issues, reach out to someone for assistance. -Your EAP can help- www.alliedtrades-online.com Sources – June 2016 • http://www.hazeldenbettyford.org/articles/breaking-myths-about- alcoholism • http://www.brad21.org/bac_charts.html • Video Resource • The Truth About Drugs documentary is the cornerstone of the Foundation for a Drug-Free World Campaign, sponsored by the Church of Scientology. This documentary is the real story of what drugs are and what they do to one's body and mind—told by people who've been there, done them and survived to tell about it. • www.youtube.com/watch?v=DoqXsOE_O4c.
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