Distribution and Structure of Ocelli in Lepidoptera Previously
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Scheibe 2000
Quantitative Aspekte der Anziehungskraft von Straßenbeleuchtungen auf die Emergenz aus nahegelegenen Gewässern (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Diptera: Simuliidae, Chironomidae, Empididae) unter Berücksichtigung der spektralen Emission verschiedener Lichtquellen Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades „Doktor der Naturwissenschaften“ am Fachbereich Biologie der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität in Mainz 2000 Mark Andreas Scheibe geb. in Athen/Griechenland Namen der Gutachter, Danksagung und Lebenslauf aus Datenschutzgründen gestrichen ERSTER TEIL: Untersuchungen und Auswertung I Inhaltsverzeichnis ERSTER TEIL A. EINLEITUNG 1 B. ÜBERSICHT DER UNTERSUCHUNGEN 3 I. Vergleich von Emergenz und Lichtfang an Straßenleuchte 3 II. Vergleich der Fängigkeit von OSRAM HQL und PHILIPS SON 3 III. Fängigkeit unterschiedlicher Wellenlängenbereiche des Lichts 4 C. DAS UNTERSUCHUNGSGEBIET 4 D. DIE UNTERSUCHUNGEN 6 I. Emergenz und Lichtfang an Straßenleuchte mit HQL-Bestückung 6 1. Emergenz 6 a) Emergenzzelte 6 b) Dauer des Emergenzfanges 7 - Validierungstest I: Überlebensrate aquatischer Insekten im Emergenzzelt 7 - Val. I.1. Material und Methode 7 - Val. I.2. Ergebnis 9 - Validierungstest II: Test auf Emergenz in der Bachmitte 9 - Val. II.1. Material und Methode 10 - Val. II.2. Ergebnis 10 c) Das Leeren der Zelte mit Saugfang 11 - Validierungstest III: Test auf Funktionsfähigkeit des Saug- fangs 11 - Val. III.1. Material und Methode 12 - Val. III.2. Ergebnis 12 2. Lichtfang an Straßenleuchte 12 a) Die Lichtquelle 13 II Inhaltsverzeichnis - Validierungstest IV: Das Emissionsspektrum der HLQ in der Pilzleuchte 13 - Val. IV.1. Test auf Alterung 13 - Val. IV.1.a) Material und Methode 13 - Val. IV.1.b) Ergebnis 14 - Val. IV.2. Test auf Veränderung der Emission im Dauerbetrieb 14 - Val. IV.2.a) Material und Methode 14 - Val. -
Biological-Control-Programmes-In
Biological Control Programmes in Canada 2001–2012 This page intentionally left blank Biological Control Programmes in Canada 2001–2012 Edited by P.G. Mason1 and D.R. Gillespie2 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada iii CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI Head Offi ce CABI Nosworthy Way 38 Chauncey Street Wallingford Suite 1002 Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Boston, MA 02111 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 T: +1 800 552 3083 (toll free) Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 T: +1 (0)617 395 4051 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org Chapters 1–4, 6–11, 15–17, 19, 21, 23, 25–28, 30–32, 34–36, 39–42, 44, 46–48, 52–56, 60–61, 64–71 © Crown Copyright 2013. Reproduced with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery. Remaining chapters © CAB International 2013. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electroni- cally, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Biological control programmes in Canada, 2001-2012 / [edited by] P.G. Mason and D.R. Gillespie. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-78064-257-4 (alk. paper) 1. Insect pests--Biological control--Canada. 2. Weeds--Biological con- trol--Canada. 3. Phytopathogenic microorganisms--Biological control- -Canada. -
1 Modern Threats to the Lepidoptera Fauna in The
MODERN THREATS TO THE LEPIDOPTERA FAUNA IN THE FLORIDA ECOSYSTEM By THOMSON PARIS A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2011 1 2011 Thomson Paris 2 To my mother and father who helped foster my love for butterflies 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I thank my family who have provided advice, support, and encouragement throughout this project. I especially thank my sister and brother for helping to feed and label larvae throughout the summer. Second, I thank Hillary Burgess and Fairchild Tropical Gardens, Dr. Jonathan Crane and the University of Florida Tropical Research and Education center Homestead, FL, Elizabeth Golden and Bill Baggs Cape Florida State Park, Leroy Rogers and South Florida Water Management, Marshall and Keith at Mack’s Fish Camp, Susan Casey and Casey’s Corner Nursery, and Michael and EWM Realtors Inc. for giving me access to collect larvae on their land and for their advice and assistance. Third, I thank Ryan Fessendon and Lary Reeves for helping to locate sites to collect larvae and for assisting me to collect larvae. I thank Dr. Marc Minno, Dr. Roxanne Connely, Dr. Charles Covell, Dr. Jaret Daniels for sharing their knowledge, advice, and ideas concerning this project. Fourth, I thank my committee, which included Drs. Thomas Emmel and James Nation, who provided guidance and encouragement throughout my project. Finally, I am grateful to the Chair of my committee and my major advisor, Dr. Andrei Sourakov, for his invaluable counsel, and for serving as a model of excellence of what it means to be a scientist. -
The Parasitoid Complex of Forest Tent Caterpillar, Malacosoma Disstria (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), in Eastern Wyoming Shelterbelts
The Great Lakes Entomologist Volume 24 Number 4 - Winter 1991 Number 4 - Winter Article 7 1991 December 1991 The Parasitoid Complex of Forest Tent Caterpillar, Malacosoma Disstria (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), in Eastern Wyoming Shelterbelts G. A. Knight R. J. Lavigne Department of Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences M. G. Pogue Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Knight, G. A.; Lavigne, R. J.; and Pogue, M. G. 1991. "The Parasitoid Complex of Forest Tent Caterpillar, Malacosoma Disstria (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), in Eastern Wyoming Shelterbelts," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 24 (4) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol24/iss4/7 This Peer-Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Great Lakes Entomologist by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. Knight et al.: The Parasitoid Complex of Forest Tent Caterpillar, <i>Malacosoma 1991 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 255 THE PARASITOID COMPLEX OF FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR, MALA COSOMA DISSTRJA (LEPIDOPTERA: LASIOCAMPIDAE), IN EASTERN WYOMING SHELTERBELTSI G. A. Knight2, R. J. Lavigne3 and M. G. Pogue4 ABSTRACT A parasitoid complex affecting the forest tent caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria, was investigated during 1978-79 in shelterbelts in eastern Wyoming. Egg parasitoids included five species: Ablerus clisiocampae, Ooencyrtus clisiocampae, Telenomus clisiocampae, Tetrastichus sp. 1 and Telenomus sp. Thirteen hymenopterous species and five dipterous species were reared from larvae and pupae of the forest tent caterpillar. -
Malacosoma Spp.) in North America
A Review of the , Parasites and Predators of Tent Caterpillars (Malacosoma Spp.) in North America ! A. WITTER AND H.M. KULMAN •····-------- Agricultural Experiment Station · University of Minnesota 1 Technical Bulletin 289 1972 CONTENTS PAGE Introduction 3 The Genus Malacosoma in North America ........................... 3 Seasonal History of Tent Caterpillars ............................... 3 Economic Importance of Tent Caterpillars ........................... 4 Egg Parasites .................................................. 4 Larval and Pupal Parasites ........................................ 4 Hyperparasites ................................................. 6 Insect Predators ................................................ 6 Birds ......................................................... 6 Mammals and Amphibians ....................................... 6 Nematodes .................................................... 7 Diseases ...................................................... 7 Explanation of Tables ............................................ 7 Location Abbreviations . 7 References Cited . 8 Table 1. Parasites, Predators, and Associates of Tent Caterpillar Eggs . 13 Table 2. Parasites, Predators, and Associates of Tent Caterpillar Larvae and Pupae ...................................................... 17 Table 3. Hyperparasites of Tent Caterpillar Parasites and Parasites of Associated Insects . 45 Index ......................................................... 46 .T. A. Witter formerly was a research fellow, Department of Entomology, -
Forest Tent Caterpillar I Ontario.Ca
5/31/2016 Forest tent caterpillar I Ontario.ca URL: https://www.ontario.ca/page/forest-tent-caterpillar [Government of Ontaricit Forest tent caterpillar Information about forest tent caterpillar (Malacosoma disstria), a forest defoliating insect found in Ontario. Overview • native to North America • forest tent caterpillar is the most widespread defoliator of hardwood trees in North America • periodic outbreaks approximately every ro to 12 years and typically last from 3 to 6 years in a particular area Host species In northern Ontario, forest tent caterpillar prefers trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) and other poplars, as well as white birch (Betula papyrifera). In southern Ontario, the preferred hosts are sugar maple (Acer saccarum) and oak (Quercus spp.), but it can also be found defoliating many other hardwoods excluding red maple (Acer rubrum). Characteristics and life cycle • adults are buff-brown moths with three darker bands across each forewing • they are in flight from late June to early August • eggs are laid in bands of a hundred or more, cemented together in bands completely encircling a twig and covered with a glue-like protective coating • eggs are laid in the summer, with the larvae emerging the following spring at time of bud break • full-grown caterpillars are 5omm long, hairy and brownish, with a slate-blue stripe along each side and a row of keyhole-shaped white spots along the back • after feeding for six weeks, the caterpillars spin yellowish cocoons in a sheltered place and then pupate inside • forest tent caterpillars have one generation per year https://www.ontario.ca/page/forest-tent-caterpillar 1/3 5/31/2016 Forest tent caterpillar I Ontario.ca Symptoms and damage • defoliator feeds on leaves of plants • outbreaks of this insect are periodically very widespread reaching millions of hectares • sustained heavy infestation results in growth reduction and branch killing • tree mortality can occur, especially if trees are suffering from other stresses as well (i.e. -
Committee Approval Form.Indd
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Date:___________________November 19, 2008 Trevor I. Stamper I, _______________________________________________________________, hereby submit this work as part of the requirements for the degree of: Doctor of Philosophy in: Biological Science It is entitled: Improving the Accuracy of Postmortem Interval Estimations Using Carrion Flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae and Muscidae) This work and its defense approved by: Chair: _______________________________Ronald W. DeBry _______________________________Theresa Culley _______________________________George Uetz _______________________________Gregory Dahlem _______________________________Anthony Perzigian Improving the Accuracy of Postmortem Interval Estimations Using Carrion Flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae and Muscidae) A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School Of the University of Cincinnati In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the Department of Biological Sciences Of the McMicken College of Arts and Sciences By Trevor I. Stamper M.A., Anthropology, New Mexico State University at Las Cruces, January 2002 B.A., Anthropology, New Mexico State University at Las Cruces, May 1997 Committee chair: Ronald W. DeBry Abstract The use of flies in forensic entomology in postmortem interval estimations is hindered by lack of information. For accurate postmortem interval estimations using flies, the single most important information is the species identity of the immature flies found upon a corpse. One of the -
Lepidoptera : Pyralidae
REVIEW ZOOS' PRINT JOURNAL 21(5): 2245-2258 AN INVENTORY OF INDIAN PYRALIDS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) George Mathew Division of Entomology, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala 680653, India Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT combination has been given. Altogether, 1646 species (against An inventory of 1646 species of pyralids so far recorded 1136 species reported in the Fauna of British India) is given. from India is presented indicating the year of publication While every attempt has been made to cover as many species and the current nomenclatural combination. A key adapted from literature is also given for separation of subfamilies. as possible, it is possible that some names could have been left out due to oversight. It is hoped that the present list may serve KEYWORDS as a draft for immediate reference until a detailed revision on Checklist, India, inventory, Lepidoptera, moths, Pyralidae, this group is prepared. subfamily key The classification followed in this work is the one proposed by Due to discovery of new species and also due to refinements in Munroe (1972) for the Pyralidae of America north of Mexico. the taxonomic techniques, considerable changes have taken Munroe and Solis (1999) have also given a detailed taxonomic place in the taxonomic status of various categories of the Indian treatment of this group. A key adapted from the above work is Pyralidae since publication of Sir George Hampson’s Fauna presented here for the separation of various subfamilies. volume in 1896 in the ‘Fauna of British India’ series. As a result, the nomenclature of a number of species had undergone REFERENCES changes, some times on several occasions and unaware of these Arora, G.S. -
WO 2014/186805 Al 20 November 2014 (20.11.2014) P O P C T
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2014/186805 Al 20 November 2014 (20.11.2014) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every A01N 59/00 (2006.01) A01P 7/04 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, A01P 7/00 (2006.01) A01P 17/00 (2006.01) AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, A01P 7/02 (2006.01) BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (21) International Application Number: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, PCT/US20 14/038652 KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, (22) International Filing Date: MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, 19 May 2014 (19.05.2014) OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, (25) Filing Language: English TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, (26) Publication Language: English ZW. (30) Priority Data: (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every 61/824,689 17 May 2013 (17.05.2013) US kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, (71) Applicant: LEE ANTIMICROBIAL SOLUTIONS, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, LLC [US/US]; 430 Bedford Road, Suite 203, Armonk, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, New York 10504 (US). -
Forest Tent Caterpillar Aspen Defoliator Makes No Tent
Forest Tent Caterpillar Aspen defoliator makes no tent Name and Description—Malacosoma disstria Hübner [Lepidoptera: Lasio- campidae] Adult forest tent caterpillars are stout-bodied and light yellow to yellow-brown and have a wingspread of 1-1 1/2 inches (2.5-3.8 cm) (fig. 1). The forewings have two darker oblique lines near the middle. Eggs are cemented together and coated with a frothy, glue-like substance that hardens and turns a glossy dark brown (fig. 2). Newly hatched larvae are nearly uniformly black, about 1/8 inch (3 mm) long, and conspicuously hairy. With each successive molt, the character- istic markings of mature larvae become more evident—pale blue lines along the sides of a brownish body with a mid-dorsal row of keyhole- or footprint-shaped, whitish spots on a black background (fig. 3). When full-grown, caterpillars are about 2 inches (50 mm) long. Cocoons are composed of dense, yellowish silk Figure 1. Adult forest tent caterpillar. Photo: Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State with a powdery material dispersed between the strands. University, Bugwood.org. Hosts—Hosts include many hardwood tree species and prefer- ence varies by location. In the western United States, aspen is the preferred host, although alder, basswood, birch, cherry, cottonwood, elm, oak, poplar, various fruit trees, and willow are acceptable. If trees are defoliated, atypical hosts such as understory shrubs and the leaves of fruit and vegetable plantings may be fed upon by hungry, wandering larvae. Life Cycle—All Malacosoma spp. have one generation per year and similar life cycles. Young larvae hatch in spring when leaves are beginning to unfold and are gregarious. -
Managment Guide for Forest Tent Caterpillar
Forest Health Protection and State Forestry Organizations May 2005 6.17 WEB July 2010 Management Guide for By Darren Blackford Forest Tent Caterpillar US Forest Service Malacosoma disstria Hubner Preferred Host The forest tent caterpillar (FTC) Quaking Aspen Minor Hosts is the most widely distributed Popular and destructive tent caterpillar Topics Willow in North America (Furniss and Alnus Damage 1 Carolyn, 1977). Birch Life history 1 Cherry Identification 1 Management 3 Damage Other Reading 3 Defoliation results from larval If tree foliage is denuded before the completion of larval development, Field Guide feeding that begins about the time aspen buds begin to break. Young larvae migrate and feed on Management Guide larvae of 2-3 mm length emerge as a understory shrubs and other Index colony from each egg band and feed vegetation (Cerezke, 1991). initially on the opening buds, later Complete defoliation of aspen for consuming parts of or whole leaves. three or more years may kill or Defoliation progresses inward and reduce radial growth by 90 percent. downward from the outer tree crown Key Points and is usually complete by mid-June. Complete defoliation of Life History aspen for three or more years Forest tent caterpillar branches on which they rest. may kill or overwinters as larvae inside eggs in Pupation takes place in July inside reduce radial masses on twigs mostly in upper cocoons of pale yellow silk. growth by 90 crowns. Larvae emerge when Cocoons reside in folded leaves, percent. leaves begin to unfold and feed for bark crevices, or other sheltered Forest tent 5 to 6 weeks, or until about the end sites. -
Light-Trap Catch of Harmful Microlepidoptera Species in Connection with Polarized Moonlight and Collecting Distance
Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology E-ISSN: 0976-7614 Volume 4, Issue 4, October 2013 PP 118-127 https://e-journal.sospublication.co.in Review Article Light-trap Catch of Harmful Microlepidoptera Species in Connection with Polarized Moonlight and Collecting Distance Nowinszky L.*, and Puskás J. *University of West Hungary, H-9701-Szombathely, Károlyi Gáspár Square 4, Hungary, Europe. Abstract: The paper deals with light-trap catch of 25 Microlepidoptera species depending on the polarized moonlight and collecting distance. The catching data were chosen from the 27 stations of the Hungarian National Light-trap Network and from the years between 1959 and 1961. Relative catch values were calculated from the catching data per stations and swarming. They are ranged and averaged in the phase angle divisions. The catching peak of ten species is in First Quarter, another ten species have the peak in the First Quarter and Last one, and only in two cases, the peak is in Last Quarter. Then there is the maximum ratio of polarized moonlight. Catching peak of only three species is in connection with the collecting distance when is the greatest of collection distance. Keywords: Microlepidoptera, Light-Trap, Moon Phases, Polarized Moonlight, Catching Distance. 1. Introduction No scientist could give a provable answer to this question in recent decades. Some authors find an The Hungarian light trap network (Jermy, 1961), explanation by accepting the theory of the impact of a has been operating since the 1950s, in recent decades collecting distance, others refer to decreased activity. value of materials provided invaluable scientific entomological research base, prognostics of plant 1.1 Moonlight inhibits flight's activity protection and environmental research (Nowinszky, According to Edwards (1961), an estimate of the 2003).