Green Street Steward Weed Identification Guide
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Nature Writing in Romania During the Post-War and Post-Communist Period
Emanuel Modoc Faculty of Letters, Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, Romania [email protected] NATURE WRITING IN ROMANIA DURING THE POST-WAR AND POST-COMMUNIST PERIOD Recommended Citation: Modoc, Emanuel. “Nature Writing in Romania During the Post-War and Post- Communist Period”. Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 3.2 (2017): https://doi.org/10.24193/mjcst.2017.4.04 Abstract: My proposal aims to investigate the changes in the Romanian literary discourse on nature and the effects of industrialization following the 1989 revolution in comparison to the ideological discourse of the post-war era. If Romanian post-war literary discourse is firmly tied to the underlying ideology of Communism, then any attempt to investigate the discourse on nature in this period must be made alongside a reading of the Communist discourse on nature. In this respect, the situation of Romanian post-1989 prose that contains aspects of the influence of Communist industrialization on nature provides an interesting case study on the effects of the post-industrial era on literature itself. Thus, my proposal will focus on a number of novels written after 1989 in an ecocritical mode of reading. Keywords: ecocriticism, nature, ideology, Romanian post-war literature, 1989 Revolution Seeing as Romanian post-war literary discourse is invariably subordinated to the Communist ideology, analysing nature writing, or any discourse on nature of this period for that matter, from an ecocritical perspective could be seen as both a productive and a fruitless endeavour. As paradoxical as it may seem, to talk about nature in Romanian Communism, and then to talk about the Communist discourse on nature implies a careful, exhaustive, and therefore productive analysis of its ideology. -
The Geranium Family, Geraniaceae, and the Mallow Family, Malvaceae
THE GERANIUM FAMILY, GERANIACEAE, AND THE MALLOW FAMILY, MALVACEAE TWO SOMETIMES CONFUSED FAMILIES PROMINENT IN SOME MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE AREAS The Geraniaceae is a family of herbaceous plants or small shrubs, sometimes with succulent stems • The family is noted for its often palmately veined and lobed leaves, although some also have pinnately divided leaves • The leaves all have pairs of stipules at their base • The flowers may be regular and symmetrical or somewhat irregular • The floral plan is 5 separate sepals and petals, 5 or 10 stamens, and a superior ovary • The most distinctive feature is the beak of fused styles on top of the ovary Here you see a typical geranium flower This nonnative weedy geranium shows the styles forming a beak The geranium family is also noted for its seed dispersal • The styles either actively eject the seeds from each compartment of the ovary or… • They twist and embed themselves in clothing and fur to hitch a ride • The Geraniaceae is prominent in the Mediterranean Basin and the Cape Province of South Africa • It is also found in California but few species here are drought tolerant • California does have several introduced weedy members Here you see a geranium flinging the seeds from sections of the ovary when the styles curl up Three genera typify the Geraniaceae: Erodium, Geranium, and Pelargonium • Erodiums (common name filaree or clocks) typically have pinnately veined, sometimes dissected leaves; many species are weeds in California • Geraniums (that is, the true geraniums) typically have palmately veined leaves and perfectly symmetrical flowers. Most are herbaceous annuals or perennials • Pelargoniums (the so-called garden geraniums or storksbills) have asymmetrical flowers and range from perennials to succulents to shrubs The weedy filaree, Erodium cicutarium, produces small pink-purple flowers in California’s spring grasslands Here are the beaked unripe fruits of filaree Many of the perennial erodiums from the Mediterranean make well-behaved ground covers for California gardens Here are the flowers of the charming E. -
Invasive Weeds of the Appalachian Region
$10 $10 PB1785 PB1785 Invasive Weeds Invasive Weeds of the of the Appalachian Appalachian Region Region i TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments……………………………………...i How to use this guide…………………………………ii IPM decision aid………………………………………..1 Invasive weeds Grasses …………………………………………..5 Broadleaves…………………………………….18 Vines………………………………………………35 Shrubs/trees……………………………………48 Parasitic plants………………………………..70 Herbicide chart………………………………………….72 Bibliography……………………………………………..73 Index………………………………………………………..76 AUTHORS Rebecca M. Koepke-Hill, Extension Assistant, The University of Tennessee Gregory R. Armel, Assistant Professor, Extension Specialist for Invasive Weeds, The University of Tennessee Robert J. Richardson, Assistant Professor and Extension Weed Specialist, North Caro- lina State University G. Neil Rhodes, Jr., Professor and Extension Weed Specialist, The University of Ten- nessee ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to thank all the individuals and organizations who have contributed their time, advice, financial support, and photos to the crea- tion of this guide. We would like to specifically thank the USDA, CSREES, and The Southern Region IPM Center for their extensive support of this pro- ject. COVER PHOTO CREDITS ii 1. Wavyleaf basketgrass - Geoffery Mason 2. Bamboo - Shawn Askew 3. Giant hogweed - Antonio DiTommaso 4. Japanese barberry - Leslie Merhoff 5. Mimosa - Becky Koepke-Hill 6. Periwinkle - Dan Tenaglia 7. Porcelainberry - Randy Prostak 8. Cogongrass - James Miller 9. Kudzu - Shawn Askew Photo credit note: Numbers in parenthesis following photo captions refer to the num- bered photographer list on the back cover. HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE Tabs: Blank tabs can be found at the top of each page. These can be custom- ized with pen or marker to best suit your method of organization. Examples: Infestation present On bordering land No concern Uncontrolled Treatment initiated Controlled Large infestation Medium infestation Small infestation Control Methods: Each mechanical control method is represented by an icon. -
How to Manage Weeds in Maize for High Yields
7. Integrated weed management Two or more of the above methods are used in combination to manage weeds with resultant ecological as well as social -economic benefits. REMEMBER How to manage weeds To achieve high and good quality yields, timeliness and cost effectiveness are crucial for every weed control in maize for high yields option. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute P.O. Box 57811-00200, NAIROBI. Tel: 254-20-4183301-20, FAX 254-20-4183344 Email: [email protected] Website: www. kari.org Compiled by: Mwangi, H.W. For more information contact: Good maize yields Centre Director, KARI Kabete P.O Box 14733-00800, Nairobi. Tel: (020) 4444144 KARI information brochure series / 8 /2008 Ksh. 20 Introduction 2. Hand weeding 5. Plant residue mulches Competition between maize and weeds can cause total This is done using various tools like hoes, knives and These are crop residues that are used to cover the crop loss depending on several weed factors. ploughs. Two weedings between the 2nd and 7th spaces between the growing crops. week after germination are often adequate for maize These factors include: depending on the agro eco zone. This method is not common due to a shortage of crop residues and destruction by termites. i) Type of weeds which may be This should be:- • Grass or broad leafed • First weeding at 2-3 weeks • Free living or parasitic 6. Chemical weed control (Herbicides) • Second one at 6-7 weeks after emergence. • Weed life cycle (Annual (1yr), Biennial (2yrs) These are chemicals that kill weeds. They exist in form perennial (>2yrs)) weed. -
Principles of Sustainable Weed Able Weed
PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE WEED MANAGEMENT FOR CROPLANDS AGRONOMY SYSTEMS SERIES Abstract: To some extent, weeds are a result of crop production, but to a larger extent they are a consequence of management decisions. Managing croplands according to nature’s principles will reduce weed problems. And while these principles apply to most crops, this publication focuses on agronomic crops such as corn, soybeans, milo, and small grains. The opportunities to address the root causes of weeds are not always readily apparent, and often require some imagination to recognize. Creativity is key to taking advantage of these opportunities and devising sustainable cropping systems that prevent weed problems, rather than using quick-fix approaches. Annual monoculture crop production generally involves tillage that creates conditions hospitable to many weeds. This publication discusses several alternatives to conventional tillage systems, including allelopathy, intercropping, crop rotations, and a weed- free cropping design. A Resources list provides sources of further information. By Preston Sullivan boundaries within which we operate and the NCAT Agriculture Specialist rules for success within those boundaries. September 2003 The “weed control” paradigm is reactive— it addresses weed First, Free Your Brain problems by using As Iowa farmer Tom Frantzen poetically states: various tools and tech- “Free your brain and your behind will follow.” nologies. “How am I What Tom is referring to is discovering new para- gonna get rid of this vel- digms. Joel Barker, author of Paradigms—The vet-leaf?” and “How do Business of Discovering the Future (1), defines a I control foxtail?” are re- paradigm as a set of standards that establish the active statements. -
FLORA from FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE of MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2
ISSN: 2601 – 6141, ISSN-L: 2601 – 6141 Acta Biologica Marisiensis 2018, 1(1): 60-70 ORIGINAL PAPER FLORA FROM FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2 1Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Romania 2Mureş County Museum, Department of Natural Sciences, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania *Correspondence: Silvia OROIAN [email protected] Received: 2 July 2018; Accepted: 9 July 2018; Published: 15 July 2018 Abstract The aim of this study was to identify a potential source of medicinal plant from Transylvanian Plain. Also, the paper provides information about the hayfields floral richness, a great scientific value for Romania and Europe. The study of the flora was carried out in several stages: 2005-2008, 2013, 2017-2018. In the studied area, 397 taxa were identified, distributed in 82 families with therapeutic potential, represented by 164 medical taxa, 37 of them being in the European Pharmacopoeia 8.5. The study reveals that most plants contain: volatile oils (13.41%), tannins (12.19%), flavonoids (9.75%), mucilages (8.53%) etc. This plants can be used in the treatment of various human disorders: disorders of the digestive system, respiratory system, skin disorders, muscular and skeletal systems, genitourinary system, in gynaecological disorders, cardiovascular, and central nervous sistem disorders. In the study plants protected by law at European and national level were identified: Echium maculatum, Cephalaria radiata, Crambe tataria, Narcissus poeticus ssp. radiiflorus, Salvia nutans, Iris aphylla, Orchis morio, Orchis tridentata, Adonis vernalis, Dictamnus albus, Hammarbya paludosa etc. Keywords: Fărăgău, medicinal plants, human disease, Mureş County 1. -
The Correct Generic Names for Sonchus Webbii Sch.Bip. and Prenanthes Péndula Sch.Bip
Bot. Macaronésica 24: 179-182 (2003) 179 Notas corológico-taxonómicas de la flora macaronésica (N°^ 86-105) THE CORRECT GENERIC ÑAMES FOR SONCHUS WEBBII Sch.Bip. AND PRENANTHES PÉNDULA Sch.Bip. DAVID BRAMWELL Jardín Botánico Canario «Viera y Clavijo», Apdo. 14 de Tafira Alta. 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Cana ria, islas Canarias, España. Recibido: febrero 2000 Key words.' Lactucosonchus, Chrysoprenanthes, Sonchus, Prenanthes, Canary Islands. Palabras clave: Lactucosonchus, Chrysoprenanthes, Sonchus, Prenanthes, islas Canarias. SUMIVIARY The correct ñames for two Cañarían Compositae, Sonchus webbii and Prenanthes péndula are dis- cussed in the light of recent publications.The ñame Lactucosonchus webbii is considered to be the correct ñame for the former taxon and the latter is transferred to the genus Chrysoprenanthes. RESUIVIEN Se comenta los nombres correctos de dos compuestas Canarias, Sonchus webbii y Prenanthes péndula en vistas de recientes publicaciones. Se considera como nombre correcto para la primera especie Lactucosonchus webbii y se transfiere la segunda al genero Chrysoprenanthes. INTRODUCTION Two recent publications, REIFENBERGER & REIFENBERGER (1997) and SENNIKOV & ILLARIONOVA (1999) have established a new genus Wildpretia and a new section of the genus Sonchus, sect. Chrysoprenanthes. For different reasons which are discussed below each of these new ñames is considered to be unnecessary. In the first case there already exists a validly published ñame Lactucosonchus (Sch. Bip.) Svent. with priority over Wildpretia Reifenberger and in the second case, molecular studies show that Prenanthes péndula Sch. Bip., though not a true member of the ISSN 0211-7150 180 DAVID BRAMWELL genus Prenanthes is also not a Sonchus as it forms a sister dade to Sonchus along with Sventenia and Babcockia. -
Slow-Growing Microgreen Vegetables, Herbs & Flowers Comparison Charts
955 Benton Ave., Winslow, ME 04901 U.S.A. • Phone: Toll-Free 1-877-564-6697 • Fax: 1-800-738-6314 • Web: Johnnyseeds.com • Email: [email protected] SLOW-GROWING MICROGREEN VEGETABLES, HERBS & FLOWERS COMPARISON CHARTS Alfalfa Amaranth, Garnet Beet, Bull's Blood Beet, Early Wonder Tall Top Beet, Yellow Carrot Chard, Pink Stem Red & Red Beet Chicory, Bianca Dandelion, Red Magenta Spreen Orach, Ruby Red Purslane, Red Scallion & Shungiku Riccia Gruner Evergreen Hardy White Vegetables — Slow-Growing Microgreen Varieties (16–25 days) 5 Lbs. 25 Lbs. Part # Variety Description Flavor 1 Oz. 1/4 Lb. 1 Lb. @/Lb. @/Lb. 2150MG J Alfalfa Delicate appearance. Nutty, pea-like $3.75 $6.20 $10.80 $10.00 $9.50 2247MG J Amaranth, Garnet Red Fuchsia-colored leaves and stems. Mild, earthy $7.50 $15.05 $43.10 $38.40 $35.30 2912MG J $7.80 $16.60 $54.00 $47.70 $44.20 Beet, Bull's Blood Lofty. Red leaves, red stems. Earthy 2912M $6.75 $9.10 $25.50 $22.40 $21.00 123M Beet, Early Wonder Tall Top Lofty. Bright green leaves, red stems. Earthy $5.15 $6.75 $14.50 $11.30 $10.40 4544MG J NEW Beet, Red Beet Lofty. Bright green leaves, red stems. Earthy $6.25 $8.25 $18.70 $16.80 $14.50 2965MG J NEW Beet, Yellow $6.50 $8.75 $25.00 $22.50 $20.20 Lofty. Bright green leaves, yellow stems. Earthy 2965M Beet, Yellow $6.35 $8.45 $22.80 $19.60 $17.20 2468MG J $7.80 $16.10 $46.70 $43.60 $38.60 Carrot Feathery leaves. -
Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park
Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 9-17-2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park" (2018). Botanical Studies. 85. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/85 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE REDWOOD NATIONAL & STATE PARKS James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State Univerity Arcata, California 14 September 2018 The Redwood National and State Parks are located in Del Norte and Humboldt counties in coastal northwestern California. The national park was F E R N S established in 1968. In 1994, a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Parks and Recreation added Del Norte Coast, Prairie Creek, Athyriaceae – Lady Fern Family and Jedediah Smith Redwoods state parks to form a single administrative Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosporum • northwestern lady fern unit. Together they comprise about 133,000 acres (540 km2), including 37 miles of coast line. Almost half of the remaining old growth redwood forests Blechnaceae – Deer Fern Family are protected in these four parks. -
Appendix C Plant and Animal Species Observed
Appendix C Plant and Animal Species Observed This list includes vascular plants, mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians observed in the BSA by biologists during various surveys in 2005 and 2006. This list does not include invertebrate species. Invertebrates that would be most commonly encountered on the site would include butterflies, flies, dragonflies, damselflies, beetles, earwigs, grasshoppers, crickets, termites, true bugs, mantids, lacewings, bees, wasps, ants, and spiders. PLANT SPECIES OBSERVED Scientific Name Common Name Invasive Plant Rating CLUB AND SPIKE MOSSES Selaginellaceae Spike moss family Selaginella cinerascens Mesa spikemoss TRUE FERNS Azollaceae Mosquito fern family Azolla filiculoides Pacific mosquito fern Marsileaceae Marsilea family Marsilea vestita Hairy waterclover Pilularia americana American pillwort Pteridaceae Lip fern family Pellaea andromedifolia Coffee fern Pentagramma triangularis Goldenback fern PINOPHYTA GYMNOSPERMS Cupressaceace Cypress family Juniperus californica California juniper DICOT FLOWERING PLANTS Aizoaceae Carpet weed family Carpobrotus edulis* Hottentot-fig HIGH Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum* Slender-leaved ice plant Trianthema portulacastrum Horse-purslane Amaranthaceae Amaranth family Amaranthus albus* Tumbling pigweed Amaranthus palmeri Palmer’s pigweed Amaranthus sp. Pigweed Anacardiaceae Sumac family Malosma laurina Laurel sumac Rhus ovata Sugar bush Rhus trilobata Skunkbush sumac Schinus molle* Peruvian pepper tree LIMITED Schinus terebinthifolius* Brazilian pepper tree LIMITED Mid -
Amaranthus Cruentus Red Amaranth
Amaranthus cruentus L. Red Amaranth (Amaranthus chlorostachys, Amaranthus hybridus subsp. cruentus, Amaranthus paniculatus) • This Central American species is alternately known Achita, African Spinach, Bledo, Blood Amaranth, Bush Greens, Caterpillar Amaranth, Princess Feather; Purple Amaranth, Red Shank, or Sudan Spinach; the moderately coarse textured plants typically mature at 3N to 5N (6N) with a spread of about a quarter to third of the height; leaves vary in color from yellow-green, medium green, dark green, to bronzish green depending upon the cultivar and nutritional status; leaves are simple, nar- rowly to broadly ovate; bases are acute to cuneate with tips acute to acuminate and with wavy mar- gins; the erect flower panicles are 4O to 8O long and fairly dense, varying from creamy white to blood red in color depending upon the cultivar and mature in late spring to summer depending on sowing times and regional conditions. • While this species is grown for agronomic purposes in many regions of the world, ornamental culti- vars are selected for the showy flower and fruit panicles; primary uses are as tall bedding plants to add height to island plantings or mixed boarders, or for cut flowers; the showy panicles can be very striking as cut flowers and are long lasting features as individual panicles go in the garden; after the initial flowering, plants can be deadheaded to encourage return bloom with mixed success. • The most popular of these taxa is 'Autumn Palette' which offers a of long showy panicles in autumn colors ranging from creamy white, buff, peach, deep apricot, to orange-red; 'Marvel Bronze' has wine-red panicles with darker green leaves that are flushed bronze; while touted as disease and pest resistant in many regions, flea beetles may caused severe damage to the foliage; although this is detrimental to its use as a massing or tall bedding plant, the foliar damage usually occurred late enough in the season that the late spring to summer flowers still matured sufficiently for use in fresh cut or dried arrangements. -
Poisonous Weeds and Toxic Factors in Hay Crops
Poisonous Weeds And Toxic Factors In Hay Crops: Why You Should Worry Birgit Puschner Veterinary Toxicologist [email protected] School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis Overview of Today’s Talk • When to suspect a poisoning • Toxic plants: • Nitrate accumulators • Pyrrolizidine alkaloids • Oleander • Grasses that cause mechanical irritation Factors Contributing to Poisoning • Animal • Plant • Sensitive species • Palatable? • Adaptation to tolerate • Right time of the year? toxic plants is possible à concentrations of • What other feed is toxins vary with season available? • Does the plant remain • Unable to avoid toxic toxic when dried? plant (i.e. in hay cubes) Resources • Textbooks: • A Guide to Plant Poisoning of Animals in North America: by A.P. Knight and R.G. Walter, 1st edition, 2001. Teton NewMedia. www.tetonnm.com • UCANR publication: http://anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu/pdf/8398.pdf Detailed publication on Livestock-poisoning Plants of California (link on CERE under Lab resources) • Websites (with images and location) • https://www.ars.usda.gov/pacific-west- area/logan-ut/poisonous-plant- research/docs/poisonous-plants-by-toxic- syndrome/ • http://plants.usda.gov/about_plants.html Nitrate/Nitrite Accumulators • Sorghum spp (Sudan grass, Johnson grass) • Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) • Lamb’s-quarters (Chenopodium album) • Alfalfa, oat, corn, nightshades (Solanum) Chenopodium album Pigweed Johnson grass Sudan grass Orchard Grass Hay 5,900 ppm Nitrate Pigweed Sudan Hay 18,800 ppm Nitrate Amaranthus retroflexus Nitrate/Nitrite – Mechanism • Only ruminants and pseudoruminants are susceptible • Nitrate in plants à converted to toxic nitrite • Nitrite à methemoglobin • Methemoglobin: incapable of Oxygen transport à Anoxia NO3/NO2 – Clinical signs • Acute syndrome: – Onset within 1/2 - 4 hours after feeding – GI irritation, difficulty breathing, tremors, ataxia – Rapid, weak heart beat – Convulsions, death in 6 - 24 hours – Abortions, esp.