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(Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from Hyrcanian Forests in Northern Iran

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(Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from Hyrcanian Forests in Northern Iran J. Agr. Sci. Tech. (2019) Vol. 21(5): 1183-1197 New Addition to Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from Hyrcanian Forests in Northern Iran M. Khayrandish1*, and S. Farahani2 ABSTRACT The sawfly fauna (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) was studied in Hyrcanian Forests. The specimens were collected using Malaise traps during March to November 2016. Thirty- seven species of Symphyta were obtained from forest areas in Golestan and Mazandaran Provinces. Among them, five species were recorded for the first time from Iran: Fenella minuta (Dahlbom, 1835), Hoplocampa chrysorrhoea (Klug, 1816), Nematus glaphyropus Dalla Torre, 1882, Macrophya ribis (Schrank, 1781) and Phylloecus niger (M. Harris, 1779). The genus Fenella is newly recorded from Iran. General discussion is given for the sawfly fauna of Iran. Keywords: Genus Fenella, Pest management, Sawfly fauna. INTRODUCTION The suborder Symphyta is represented in West Palaearctic by more than 1350 species of the Tenthredinidae and about 440 species of Sawflies are the insects of the suborder other families (Taeger et al., 2010). The first Symphyta within the order Hymenoptera. published record of Iranian Symphyta was that Symphyta is cosmopolitan with more than by Konow (1888) who described “Allantus 8000 extant species of 8 superfamilies, 14 persa n. sp.” [= Tenthredo excellens (Konow, families, and 800 genera (Aguiar et al., 2013). 1886)] from Persien. Recently, several Sawflies are small to large sized insects and comprehensive studies have been done on recognizable from other members of sawflies in North of Iran by Khayrandish et al. Hymenoptera by very little or no constriction (2015, 2012, 2019), who described two new between the first and second abdominal species to science. In the checklist of Iranian segments and the forewing with numerus sawflies, 178 species belonging to 60 genera closed cells and veins. Sawfly larvae are of 9 families were listed (Khayrandish et al., Downloaded from jast.modares.ac.ir at 10:14 IRST on Monday September 27th 2021 phytophagous (except the parasitic family 2017). However, Iranian fauna of Symphyta Orussidae). They feed on various trees and has been insufficiently elucidated yet, and shrubs and can cause significant economic further studies are needed to increase our damage to agricultural crops and forests. Some knowledge on the taxonomy of Symphyta for species, especially in family Tenthredinidae, pest management and biodiversity are gall makers and internal feeders of leaves conservation. As part of an ongoing and fruits. Cephid larvae have the habit of comprehensive research on the sawfly in the boring into stalks and stems and siricid and forests of Iran, we surveyed the fauna of xiphydriid larvae feed on wood and tunnel in Symphyta species in Hyrcanian Forests. the substrate (Viitasaari, 2002). _____________________________________________________________________________ 1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran. 2 Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. *Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected] 1183 ___________________________________________________________ Khayrandish and Farahani MATERIALS AND METHODS 2017); Alborz, Kermanshah, Kerman and Tehran Provinces (Khayrandish and Ebrahini, 2018). The northern region of Iran is characterized by General distribution: East Palaearctic great variation in plant community (Taeger et al., 2010); Iran, Tajikistan, composition due to significant topographical Turkestan and Uzbekistan (Ushinskij, 1936; and climatic changes. In terms of biodiversity, Benson, 1968). this region is remarked as the end parts of two Larval host plants: Unknown. major biodiversity hotspots. The southern 2- Sterictiphora angelicae (Panzer, 1799) slopes of the Alborz Mountains including Material examined: (1♀), IRAN, Golestan Tehran, Alborz, and Qazvin Provinces are Province, Shamooshak, (36° 43′ 55″ N 54° 16′ situated in the Irano-Anatolian hotspot, whereas the northern slopes, where Gilan, 53″ E), 492 m a. s. l., 27.VII.2016– Golestan, and Mazandaran Provinces are the 21.VIII.2016, 1♀; Leg: S. Farahani. eastern extension of the Caucasus biodiversity Distribution in Iran: Iran, without locality hotspot (Myers et al., 2000). details (Koch, 1988); Gilan Province Sawflies were collected by Malaise traps (Khayrandish et al., 2017); Golestan Province during March to November, 2016, in Golestan (present study). and Mazandaran Provinces in the northern General distribution: West Palaearctic slopes of Alborz Mountains (Figures 1 and 2). (Taeger et al., 2010). Fifteen Malaise traps were installed at various Larval host plants: Rubus spp. (Rosaceae) locations of forests for eight months. The (Taeger et al., 1998). collection bottles were filled with 70% ethanol 3- Sterictiphora caspica Koch, 1988 and 30% water mixture. Samples were Material examined: (3♂♂), IRAN, collected approximately once a month and the Mazandaran Province, Kiasar, Haftkhal, (36˚ collection bottles were replaced with fresh 17' 18" N 53˚ 23' 43" E), 861 m, 08.IV.2016– ones. The localities, habitats, sampling dates, 25.IV.2016, 2♂♂, 25.IV.2016–15.V.2016, 1♂; and geographic coordinates for each Leg: S. Farahani. specimens were recorded. Distribution in Iran: Gilan and Mazandaran Provinces (Khayrandish et al., 2017). General distribution: West Palaearctic RESULTS (Taeger et al., 2010). Larval host plants: Unknown. Thirty-seven species were recognized in Hyrcanian Forests. Five species, Fenella Family Cephidae Downloaded from jast.modares.ac.ir at 10:14 IRST on Monday September 27th 2021 minuta (Dahlbom, 1835), Hoplocampa chrysorrhoea (Klug, 1816), Nematus glaphyropus Dalla Torre, 1882, Macrophya 4- Calameuta filiformis (Eversmann, 1847) ribis (Schrank, 1781), and Phylloecus niger Material examined: (4♀♀), IRAN, Golestan (M. Harris, 1779), are recorded for Iranian Province: Loveh Forest (37° 20′ 43″ N, 55° 40′ fauna for the first time. The genus Fenella is 40″ E), 753 m a. s. l., 11.IV.2016–14.V.2016, newly recorded from Iran. 1♀; Kordkuy: Derazno Forest (36°40′06″ N, 54°08′03″ E), 2179 m a. s. l., 16.V.2016– 12.VI.2016, (1♀); Mazandaran Province: Sari, Family Argidae Pahneh Kola, Salardeh (36˚ 27' 14" N, 53˚ 06' 01" E), 180 m a. s. l., 25.IV.2016–15.V.2016, 1- Arge cingulata (Jakowlew, 1891) 1♀, Mazandaran, Kiasar-Semnan Road, Alikola: Material examined: (1♂), IRAN, Mazandaran (36˚ 13' 13" N, 53˚ 39' 23" E), 1633 m a. s. l., Province, Kiasar, Haftkhal, (36˚ 17' 18" N 53˚ 25.IV.2016–15.V.2016, 1♀; Leg: S. Farahani. 23' 43" E), 861 m a. s. l., 14.V.2016– Distribution in Iran: Northern Iran: East 09.VI.2016, 1♂; Leg: S. Farahani. Azerbaijan and Gilan Provinces (Khayrandish Distribution in Iran: Alborz, Gilan and et al., 2017); Golestan and Mazandaran Mazandaran Provinces (Khayrandish et al., Provinces (present study). 1184 New Addition to Sawflies from Hyrcanian Forests _________________________________ Figure 1. The habitats in which specimens were collected by Malaise traps, Golestan Province: (A) Loveh, (B) Shamooshak; Mazandaran Province: (C) Haftkhal, (D) Savilasht. Downloaded from jast.modares.ac.ir at 10:14 IRST on Monday September 27th 2021 Figure 2. Map of Iran. Red and blue points indicate the study sites in Golestan and Mazandaran Provinces, respectively. 1185 ___________________________________________________________ Khayrandish and Farahani General distribution: Palaearctic (Taeger et al., Material examined: (2♀♀, 30♂♂), IRAN, 2010). Golestan Province: Loveh Forest, (37° 20′ 43'' Larval host plants: Phragmites australis N, 55° 40′ 40″ E), 753 m a. s. l., 15.V.2016– (Cavanilles) Phalaris arundinacea Linnaeus, 12.VI.2016, 1♂; Tuskestan, (36°46′33″ N, Arrhenatherum elatius (Linnaeus), Elytrigia 54°34′58″ E), 500 m a. s. l., 12.IV.2016– repens (Linnaeus) and Calamagrostis epigejos 13.V.2016, 1♂; 15.V.2016–12.VI.2016, 2♂♂, (Linnaeus) (Poaceae) (Taeger et al., 1998). 05.VII.2016– 25.VII.2016, 2♂♂; 5- Calameuta grombczewskii (Jakowlew, 1891) Shamooshak, (36° 43′ 55″ N, 54° 16′ 53″ E), Material examined: (2♀♀), IRAN, Golestan 492 m a. s. l., 12.IV.2016–14.V.2016, 3♂♂, Province, Shastkola Forest, (36° 45′ 29″ N 54° 15.V.2016–12.VI.2016, 1♂, 27.VII.2016– 23′ 12'' E), 424 m a. s. l., 12.IV.2016– 21.VIII.2016, 1♀, 3♂♂, 22.VIII.2016– 13.V.2016, 2♀♀; Leg: S. Farahani. 26.IX.2016, 1♂; Shastkola Forest, (36° 47′ 24″ Distribution in Iran: Alborz, Golestan, Qazvin N 54° 21′ 54″ E), 263 m a. s. l., 12.IV.2016– and Mazandaran Provinces (Khayrandish et al., 13.V.2016, 1♀, 3♂♂, 12.VI.2016– 2017). 03.VII.2016, 1♂, 15.V.2016–13.VI.2016, General distribution: East Palaearctic (Taeger 5♂♂, 05.VII.2016– 22.VIII.2016, 2♂♂; et al., 2010); Iran, Turkmenistan (Taeger and Mazandaran Province: Kiasar, Alamdardeh, Blank, 2011); Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Savilasht, (36˚ 21' 23" N, 53˚ 14' 55" E), 387 Uzbekistan (Ushinskij, 1936). Larval host plants: Unknown. m a. s. l., 25.IV.2016–15.V.2016, 2♂♂; 6- Phylloecus niger (M. Harris, 1779)* Savilasht, (36˚ 21' 21" N, 53˚ 14' 50" E), 396 Synonyms: Sirex niger M. Harris, 1779; Astatus m, 15.V.2016–25.V.2016, 1♂, 5.IX.2016- satyrus Panzer, 1801; Cerobactrus major Costa, 27.IX.2016, 1♂; Haftkhal, (36˚ 17' 18" N, 53˚ 1860; Cephus brachypterus Damianitsch, 1866; 23' 43" E), 861 m a. s. l., 15.V.2016– Cephus glabellifer Thomson, 1871; Cephosoma 25.V.2016, 1♂, 25.V.2016 – 15.VI.2016, 1♂; syringae Gradl, 1881; Phylloecus cruciatus Alikola, (36˚ 13' 13"N, 53˚ 39' 23" E), 1633 m Costa, 1894. Note: The generic name of this a. s. l., 5.IX.2016-27.IX.2016, 1♂; Leg: S. species was Hartigia in Taeger et al. (2010), but Farahani. Hartigia is currently treated as a synonym of Distribution in Iran: Alborz, Gilan, Qazvin Phylloecus (Liston and Prous, 2014). and Mazandaran Provinces (Khayrandish et Material examined: (1♀), IRAN, Mazandaran al., 2017); Golestan Province (present study). Province, Kiasar-Semnan Road, Alikola, (36˚ 13' General distribution: West Palaearctic 13" N, 53˚ 39' 23" E), 1633 m a. s.
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