Southeastern Regional Seminar in African Studies (Sersas)
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861 Southern Africa Reading List the Kalahari Debate *Wilmsen, Edwin
861 Southern Africa Reading List The Kalahari Debate *Wilmsen, Edwin N. 1989. Land Filled with Flies. A Political Economy of the Kalahari Solway, Jacqueline S., and Richard B. Lee. 1990. ‘Foragers, genuine or spurious? Situating the Kalahari San in history’, Current Anthropology 31: 109–46. Wilmsen, Edwin N., and James R. Denbow. 1990. ‘Paradigmatic history of San-speaking peoples and current attempts at revision’, Current Anthropology 31: 489–524. Lee, Richard B., and Mathias Guenther. 1991. ‘Oxen or onions? The search for trade (and truth) in the Kalahari’, Current Anthropology 32: 592–601. Lee, Richard B., and Mathias Guenther .1993. ‘Problems in Kalahari historical ethnography and the tolerance of error’, History in Africa 20: 185–235. Kuper, Adam. 1992. ‘Post-modernism, Cambridge and the Great Kalahari Debate’, Social Anthropology 1: 57–71. Wilmsen, Edwin N. 2003. ‘Further lessons in Kalahari ethnography and history’, History in Africa 30: 327–420. Sadr, Kareem. 2003. 'The Neolithic of Southern Africa', Journal of African History 44 (2): 195-209. Related texts: *Martin Hall, Farmers, Kings, and Traders Peter Mitchell, The Archaeology of Southern Africa Great Zimbabwe and Beyond *Huffman, Thomas. 1981. 'Snakes and Birds: Expressive Space at Great Zimbabwe', African Studies 40 (2): 131-50. -------. 1996. Snakes and Crocodiles *Beach, David. 1998. 'Cognitive Archaeology and Imaginary History at Great Zimbabwe', Current Anthropology 39 (1): 259-92. Pikirayi, Innocent. 2001. The Zimbabwe Culture: Origins and Decline of Southern Zambezian -
The Making of an African Working Class
THE MAKING OF AN AFRICAN WORKING CLASS THE MAKING OF AN AFRICAN WORKING CLASS PORT ELIZABETH 1925 - 1963 JANET MARY CHERRY THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN JANUARY 1992 Abstract The thesis examines the 'making' of an african working class in Port Elizabeth. It offers an alternative interpretation to conventional histories which emphasize continuity both in the idea of a strong industrial working class, and in a tradition of militant and effective worker organisation. At the same time it posits the idea that there was a working-class movement which developed among Port Elizabeth's african community in the late 1940's and 1950's. Chapter 1 examines population growth in Port Elizabeth, the growth of secondary industry, and employment opportunities for africans. It is argued that limited opportunities for african employment in secondary industry affected the forms of working-class organisation that emerged. Chapter 2 examines the situation of the urban african population in the 1920's and 1930's, looking at factors which influenced its organisation and consciousness. The low wages paid to african workers were not challenged effectively in this period by the Industrial and Commercial Workers Union which had declined by the mid-1 920's, or the Trades and Labour Council which did not organise african workers. However, the permanently urbanised status of the majority of the african population laid the basis for a militant community consciousness. Chapter 3 analyses attempts to organise african workers during the Second World War. It focusses on Wage Board determinations, the first african trade unions formed by the Ballingers and Max Gordon, the organisation of the Council of Non-European Trade Unions and the Trades and Labour Council, and the organisation of railway workers. -
Bibliography
Bibliography Adler, G. and Webster, E. (eds.) (2000) Trade Unions and Democratization in South Africa 1985±1998. London: Macmillan. Adler, J. (1994) `Life in an Informal Settlement'. Urban Forum, vol. 5, no. 2. Altbeker, A. and Steinberg, J. (1998) `Race, Reason and Representation in National Party Discourse, 1990±1992', in D. Howarth and A. Norval, (eds.) South Africa in Transition: New Theoretical Perspectives. London: Macmillan. Althusser, L. (1990) Philosophy and the Spontaneous Philosophy of the Scientists and Other Essays. London: Verso. Anacleti, O. (1990) `African Non-Governmental OrganisationsÐDo They Have a Future?' in Critical Choices for the NGO Community: African Development in the 1990s. Centre for African Studies, University of Edinburgh. ANC (African National Congress). (1980) `Strategies and Tactics', in B. Turok (ed.) Revolutionary Thought in the 20th Century. London: Zed Press. ANC (1985) Kabwe Consultative Conference. Unpublished minutes from the Commissions on Cadre Development and Strategies and Tactics. ANC (1986) `Attack! Attack! Give the Enemy No Quarter. Annual anniversary statement by the national executive committee of the ANC, 8 January 1986'. Sechaba, March edition. ANC (1994) The Reconstruction and Development Programme. Johannesburg: Uma- nyano Publications. Anon. (1985) `Building a tradition of resistance'. Work in Progress, no. 12. Anyang'Nyong'o, P. (ed.) (1987) Popular Struggles for Democracy in Africa. London: Zed Press. Atkinson, D. (1991) `Cities and Citizenship: Towards a Normative Analysis of the Urban Order in South Africa, with Special Reference to East London, 1950±1986'. Ph.D. thesis, University of Natal. Atkinson, D. (1992) `Negotiated Urban Development: Lessons from the Coal Face'. Centre for Policy Studies research report no. -
Introduction
chapter � Introduction Ethnicity does not matter in the long-term perspective. Such was the conclu- sion formulated by a new generation of ‘Africanists’ in the 1970s and 1980s, and it was a kind of scientific revolution. Its defenders held that in sub-Saharan Africa, ethnicity had mainly been created through European colonial rule, and was, therefore, an entirely artificial concept.1 For a period that roughly coin- cides with the 15 years between 1975 and 1990, the attack against the well- established idea of primordial ethnic groups in Africa – which had dominated anthropological thought from the colonial period onwards – seemed to win the day.2 In spite of Eric Hobsbawm and Terence Ranger’s initiative to under- stand the ‘invention of tradition’ with a view to identifying the creation of group sentiment in a comparative and global approach, however, reflections of historians working on group identity in the African continent have rarely entered the debates on global history.3 While migration and connection – for example, over the Atlantic or the Indian Ocean – are essential themes in global historical studies, they do not yet interact with the analysis of ethnicity that 1 This is neatly summarised in Amselle, Jean-Loup, ‘Ethnies et espaces: pour une anthropolo- gie topologique’, in Jean-Loup Amselle and Elikia M’Bokolo (eds.), Au cœur de l’ethnie: ethnies, tribalisme et État en Afrique (Paris: La Découverte, 1985), 11–48, 23 (‘La cause paraît donc entendue: il n’existait rien qui ressemblât à une ethnie pendant la période précoloniale’). -
1. Introduction 1. Malawi: a Multi-Ethnic Nation
From: Dr. Willie Zeze RE: Abstract Submission – 2015 Religious Freedom and Religious Pluralism in Africa: Prospects and Limitations Conference DEMOCRATIC CONSTITUTION AND ETHNIC ORGANIZATIONS IN MALAWI - PRESERVING GOOD TRADITIONAL PRACTICES OR PROMOTING NEPOTISM AND TRIBALISM? Abstract Due to the advent of the 1994 democratic constitution particularly its enactment on Protection of human rights and freedoms: Culture and language, Freedom of association, Religion and beliefs, Freedom of assembly and Political rights, Malawi has witnessed mushrooming of tribal organizations, aiming at preserving the traditional African religious beliefs and African cultural traditions. The Chewa Heritage Foundation (Chefo) and the Muhlakho wa Alhomwe (MWA) among the Chewa and Lhomwe tribes respectively are among well-known ethnic organizations through which the traditional beliefs, cultural traditions and religions are enjoying a significant respect from members of mentioned-tribes. The democratic constitution has cleared a road for the establishment of these ethnic organizations. However, it seems activities of Chefo and MWA are inter alia promoting tribalism and nepotism, in addition to being used as campaign tools for some political parties. This article intends to assess and evaluate the role and the impact of the Chefo and MWA on preservation of good cultural practices and constitutional democracy in Malawi. The hypothesis is, in spite of preserving cultural practices as guaranteed in constitution, the tribal organizations need to be watchful so that they should not promote tribalism, nepotism and being used as campaign tools by Malawian politicians. 1. Introduction In order to appreciate how in their understanding the Democratic Constitution the Chewa Heritage Foundation and Mulhako wa Alhomwe in Malawi, revitalize, preserved and protect customs, values, beliefs and traditional practices it is necessary to understand a social- political history of Malawi. -
Monuments and Architectural Heritage in Post-Apartheid South Africa
Alice Thomine-Berrada et Barry Bergdol (dir.) Repenser les limites : l’architecture à travers l’espace, le temps et les disciplines 31 août - 4 septembre 2005 Publications de l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art Reordering the Past: Monuments and Architectural Heritage in Post-Apartheid South Africa Sabine Marschall DOI : 10.4000/books.inha.1691 Éditeur : Publications de l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art Lieu d'édition : Paris Année d'édition : 2005 Date de mise en ligne : 5 décembre 2017 Collection : Actes de colloques ISBN électronique : 9782917902646 http://books.openedition.org Édition imprimée Date de publication : 4 septembre 2005 Référence électronique MARSCHALL, Sabine. Reordering the Past: Monuments and Architectural Heritage in Post-Apartheid South Africa In : Repenser les limites : l’architecture à travers l’espace, le temps et les disciplines : 31 août - 4 septembre 2005 [en ligne]. Paris : Publications de l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art, 2005 (généré le 18 décembre 2020). Disponible sur Internet : <http://books.openedition.org/inha/1691>. ISBN : 9782917902646. DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/books.inha.1691. Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 18 décembre 2020. Reordering the Past: Monuments and Architectural Heritage in Post-Apartheid S... 1 Reordering the Past: Monuments and Architectural Heritage in Post- Apartheid South Africa Sabine Marschall Introduction In any society, it is a shared heritage (language, traditions, leaders, a mutual experience of the past) that imparts a sense of group identity. Every new political order forms a group identity through a process of selective remembering and invention of usable pasts. The most significant aspect of this process is the forging of a compelling foundation myth, which traces the roots and defines the beginning of the new nation. -
The Langa Massacre: 21 March 1985 170 in March 1985, Tensions In
ACTIONS IN ATTEMPTING TO BREAK THE BOYCOTT AND FORCE PEOPLE TO USE BUSES LED TO THE COMMISSION OF WIDESPREAD GROSS HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS, INCLUDING KILLING, ATTEMPTED KILLING, AND SEVERE ILL TREATMENT, FOR WHICH THE CISKEI POLICE AND CDF ARE HELD ACCOUNTABLE. THE COMMISSION FINDS THAT PRO-CISKEI GOVERNMENT VIGILANTES ALSO PARTICIPATED IN THE UNLAWFUL ATTACKS ON COMMUNITIES, AND ARE HELD EQUALLY ACCOUNTABLE FOR THE GROSS VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS THAT RESULTED. The Langa massacre: 21 March 1985 170 In March 1985, tensions in Uitenhage townships reached boiling point. Between 8 and 10 March, police reported twenty-three incidents of arson and eighteen of stone-throwing, causing damage estimated at R220 000. The Minister of Law and Order, Mr Louis le Grange, had visited Uitenhage with the commissioner of police, General Coetzee on 19 February. They had been told that ‘soft’ weaponry was no longer effective for riot control purposes. On 14 March, Uitenhage’s most senior police officers, the ‘Order Group’, decided to take stronger action to regain control. As from 15 March, police patrols were no longer issued with teargas, rubber bullets and birdshot; instead they were given heavy ammunition. 171 Meanwhile, police action against militant youth resulted in six black people being killed by police. The funeral of four of the six was to be held on Sunday 17 March and a stay away was called for Monday 18 March as part of the ‘Black Weekend’. Police said that three petrol bombs were thrown at a police vehicle in Langa during this weekend, and that they shot and killed a young man. -
The African the African Communist NO.102 THIRD QUARTER 1985
The African The African Communist NO.102 THIRD QUARTER 1985 THE FIGHTING YOUTH OF SOUTH AFRICA INKULULEKO PUBLICATIONS Distributors of The African Communist SUBSCRIPTION PRICE AFRICA £d. 00 per year including postage £8. 00 airmail per year (Readers in Nigeria can subscribe bw sending 8 Naira to New Horizon Publications, p.o. Box 2165, Mushin Lagos, or to KPS Bookshop, PNIB 1023, Afikpo, lmo State) BRITAIN £4. 00 per year including postage NORTH AMERICA ALL OTHER COUNTRIES $8. 00 per year including postage $15. 00 airmail per year £4. 00 per year including postage £8. 00 airmail per year Single copies: £1, $2 INKULULEKO PUBLICATIONS, 39 Goodge Street, London WI P 1 FD ISSN 0001 -9976 Proprietor: Moses Mabhida The African Communist is available on microfilm and microfiche from University Microfilm International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Department P.R., Ann Arbor, Mi. 48106, U.S.A. Phototypesetting and artwork by Carlinpoint Ltd. (T.U.) 5 Dryden Street, London WC2 Printed by Interdruck Leipzig THE AFRICAN COMMUNIST Published quarterly in the interests of African solidarity, and as a forum for Marxist-Leninist thought throughout our Continent, by the South African Communist Party No 102 Third Quarter 1985 CONTENTS 5 Editorial Notes The Freedom Charter can put an end to bloodshed; Our Party paper. Thandi Dube 21 The Fighting Youth of South Africa The political struggle in our country in the recent past has been characterised by the vital role of the youth and students in the broad frontline of the liberation formations. Toussaint 32 In Search of Ideology: A Critical Look at Azapo The Azanian People's Organisation says it is committed to a socialist solution for South Africa but has so far failed to develop an ideology or study and learn from historical experience. -
British Community Development in Central Africa, 1945-55
School of History University of New South Wales Equivocal Empire: British Community Development in Central Africa, 1945-55 Daniel Kark A thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of New South Wales, Australia 2008 ORIGINALITY STATEMENT ‘I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge it contains no materials previously published or written by another person, or substantial proportions of material which have been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at UNSW or any other educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis. Any contribution made to the research by others, with whom I have worked at UNSW or elsewhere, is explicitly acknowledged in the thesis. I also declare that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work, except to the extent that assistance from others in the project's design and conception or in style, presentation and linguistic expression is acknowledged.’ Signed …………………………………………….............. Date …………………………………………….............. For my parents, Vanessa and Adrian. For what you forfeited. Abstract This thesis resituates the Community Development programme as the key social intervention attempted by the British Colonial Office in Africa in the late 1940s and early 1950s. A preference for planning, growing confidence in metropolitan intervention, and the gradualist determination of Fabian socialist politicians and experts resulted in a programme that stressed modernity, progressive individualism, initiative, cooperative communities and a new type of responsible citizenship. Eventual self-rule would be well-served by this new contract between colonial administrations and African citizens. -
2014.15 FIRST DRAFT Annual Report
DRAFT “UNAUDITED” 2014/15 TABLE OF CONTENTS Description Page EXECUTIVE MAYOR’S FOREWORD AND EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................... 1 COMPONENT A: EXECUTIVE MAYOR’S FOREWORD ....................................... 1 COMPONENT B: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................... 3 1.1 MUNICIPAL MANAGER’S OVERVIEW ..................................................... 3 1.2 MUNICIPAL FUNCTIONS, POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL OVERVIEW ............................................................................................... 5 1.3 SERVICE DELIVERY OVERVIEW .......................................................... 12 1.4 FINANCIAL HEALTH OVERVIEW ........................................................... 16 1.5 ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OVERVIEW ................................. 17 1.6 AUDITOR-GENERAL’s REPORT ............................................................ 18 1.7 STATUTORY ANNUAL REPORT PROCESS .......................................... 19 GOVERNANCE ...................................................................................................... 20 COMPONENT A: POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE GOVERNANCE ............. 20 2.1 POLITICAL GOVERNANCE .................................................................... 20 2.2 ADMINISTRATIVE GOVERNANCE ......................................................... 23 2.3 INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS ................................................... 25 2.4 PUBLIC MEETINGS ................................................................................ 30 -
Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report
VOLUME THREE Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report The report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission was presented to President Nelson Mandela on 29 October 1998. Archbishop Desmond Tutu Ms Hlengiwe Mkhize Chairperson Dr Alex Boraine Mr Dumisa Ntsebeza Vice-Chairperson Ms Mary Burton Dr Wendy Orr Revd Bongani Finca Adv Denzil Potgieter Ms Sisi Khampepe Dr Fazel Randera Mr Richard Lyster Ms Yasmin Sooka Mr Wynand Malan* Ms Glenda Wildschut Dr Khoza Mgojo * Subject to minority position. See volume 5. Chief Executive Officer: Dr Biki Minyuku I CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction to Regional Profiles ........ 1 Appendix: National Chronology......................... 12 Chapter 2 REGIONAL PROFILE: Eastern Cape ..................................................... 34 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in the Eastern Cape........................................................... 150 Chapter 3 REGIONAL PROFILE: Natal and KwaZulu ........................................ 155 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in Natal, KwaZulu and the Orange Free State... 324 Chapter 4 REGIONAL PROFILE: Orange Free State.......................................... 329 Chapter 5 REGIONAL PROFILE: Western Cape.................................................... 390 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in the Western Cape ......................................................... 523 Chapter 6 REGIONAL PROFILE: Transvaal .............................................................. 528 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in the Transvaal ...................................................... -
Oliver Tambo Zwelakhe Sisulu
Publ ished by the United States Committee of the International Defense and Aid Fund for Southern Africa P.O. Box 17, Cambridge, MA 02138 June 1985 Telephone (617) 491-8343 Are you troubledbythe natureofthe violenceno"" whereblacks Oliver Tambo are killing blacks? Well, of course I ask why blacks are killing blacks-because all of "The Situation Can't Wait" them are oppressed. But the first blacks to be killed are those in the em ploy of the apartheid system. Armed black police, who are taking Oliver Tambo, the President ofthe African National Congress, appearedat the Parker House in Boston on 30Apriland 1May to speak at a meeting ofthe New orders to shoot at their sisters. All the people are required to do is to stop England Circle and to hold a press conference. During his visit to the US, Mr. volunteering their services to the apartheid system, and many of them Tambo found an unprecedented level of interest and support for the cause of have done so. They have resigned from it. But all this is part of an liberation-a "new America," as he called it. We thank the Dunfey family for escalating struggle that won't stop merely with blacks killing blacks. It hosting this event and for allowing us to print the following remarks from Mr. will develop until everybody kills everybody else. It's not just a black Tambo's press conference. tragedy, it's a tragedy for all South Africans that's going to take place You spoke about a new America. Could you be more specific? unless something is done to weaken the ability ofthe regime to resist our I'm referring to, first, the fact that the South African question has been demands and resist our struggle.