Us Says Armenian Killings Were Genocide
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Justice Delayed, Justice Denied? the Search for Accountability for Alleged Wartime Atrocities Committed in Sri Lanka
Pace International Law Review Volume 33 Issue 2 Spring 2021 Article 3 May 2021 Justice Delayed, Justice Denied? The Search for Accountability for Alleged Wartime Atrocities Committed in Sri Lanka Aloka Wanigasuriya University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/pilr Part of the Criminal Law Commons, Criminal Procedure Commons, Human Rights Law Commons, International Humanitarian Law Commons, International Law Commons, Law and Politics Commons, and the Military, War, and Peace Commons Recommended Citation Aloka Wanigasuriya, Justice Delayed, Justice Denied? The Search for Accountability for Alleged Wartime Atrocities Committed in Sri Lanka, 33 Pace Int'l L. Rev. 219 (2021) Available at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/pilr/vol33/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Law at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pace International Law Review by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more information, please contact [email protected]. JUSTICE DELAYED, JUSTICE DENIED? THE SEARCH FOR ACCOUNTABILITY FOR ALLEGED WARTIME ATROCITIES COMMITTED IN SRI LANKA Aloka Wanigasuriya* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction .......................................................................... 221 II. National Action ..................................................................... 223 A. National Mechanisms............................................... 223 1. Human Rights Commission of Sri Lanka (HRCSL) .............................................................. -
Report of the OHCHR Investigation on Sri Lanka (OISL)* **
A/HRC/30/CRP.2 Advance Version Distr.: Restricted 16 September 2015 English only Human Rights Council Thirtieth session Agenda item 2 Annual report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and reports of the Office of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General Report of the OHCHR Investigation on Sri Lanka (OISL)* ** * Reproduced as received ** The information contained in this document should be read in conjunction with the report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights- Promoting reconciliation, accountability and human rights in Sri Lanka (A/HRC/30/61). A/HRC/30/CRP.2 Contents Paragraphs Page Part 1 I. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1–13 5 II. Establishment of the OHCHR Investigation on Sri Lanka (OISL), mandate and methodology ............................................................................................................. 14–46 7 III. Contextual background ........................................................................................... 47–103 12 IV. Overview of Government, LTTE and other armed groups...................................... 104–170 22 V. Legal framework ..................................................................................................... 171–208 36 Part 2– Thematic Chapters VI. Unlawful killings ..................................................................................................... 209–325 47 VII. Violations related to the -
Sri Lanka: Tamil Politics and the Quest for a Political Solution
SRI LANKA: TAMIL POLITICS AND THE QUEST FOR A POLITICAL SOLUTION Asia Report N°239 – 20 November 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 II. TAMIL GRIEVANCES AND THE FAILURE OF POLITICAL RESPONSES ........ 2 A. CONTINUING GRIEVANCES ........................................................................................................... 2 B. NATION, HOMELAND, SEPARATISM ............................................................................................. 3 C. THE THIRTEENTH AMENDMENT AND AFTER ................................................................................ 4 D. LOWERING THE BAR .................................................................................................................... 5 III. POST-WAR TAMIL POLITICS UNDER TNA LEADERSHIP ................................. 6 A. RESURRECTING THE DEMOCRATIC TRADITION IN TAMIL POLITICS .............................................. 6 1. The TNA ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2. Pro-government Tamil parties ..................................................................................................... 8 B. TNA’S MODERATE APPROACH: YET TO BEAR FRUIT .................................................................. 8 1. Patience and compromise in negotiations -
Tides of Violence: Mapping the Sri Lankan Conflict from 1983 to 2009 About the Public Interest Advocacy Centre
Tides of violence: mapping the Sri Lankan conflict from 1983 to 2009 About the Public Interest Advocacy Centre The Public Interest Advocacy Centre (PIAC) is an independent, non-profit legal centre based in Sydney. Established in 1982, PIAC tackles barriers to justice and fairness experienced by people who are vulnerable or facing disadvantage. We ensure basic rights are enjoyed across the community through legal assistance and strategic litigation, public policy development, communication and training. 2nd edition May 2019 Contact: Public Interest Advocacy Centre Level 5, 175 Liverpool St Sydney NSW 2000 Website: www.piac.asn.au Public Interest Advocacy Centre @PIACnews The Public Interest Advocacy Centre office is located on the land of the Gadigal of the Eora Nation. TIDES OF VIOLENCE: MAPPING THE SRI LANKAN CONFLICT FROM 1983 TO 2009 03 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... 09 Background to CMAP .............................................................................................................................................09 Report overview .......................................................................................................................................................09 Key violation patterns in each time period ......................................................................................................09 24 July 1983 – 28 July 1987 .................................................................................................................................10 -
The Sri Lankan Insurgency: a Rebalancing of the Orthodox Position
THE SRI LANKAN INSURGENCY: A REBALANCING OF THE ORTHODOX POSITION A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Peter Stafford Roberts Department of Politics and History, Brunel University April 2016 Abstract The insurgency in Sri Lanka between the early 1980s and 2009 is the topic of this study, one that is of great interest to scholars studying war in the modern era. It is an example of a revolutionary war in which the total defeat of the insurgents was a decisive conclusion, achieved without allowing them any form of political access to governance over the disputed territory after the conflict. Current literature on the conflict examines it from a single (government) viewpoint – deriving false conclusions as a result. This research integrates exciting new evidence from the Tamil (insurgent) side and as such is the first balanced, comprehensive account of the conflict. The resultant history allows readers to re- frame the key variables that determined the outcome, concluding that the leadership and decision-making dynamic within the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) had far greater impact than has previously been allowed for. The new evidence takes the form of interviews with participants from both sides of the conflict, Sri Lankan military documentation, foreign intelligence assessments and diplomatic communiqués between governments, referencing these against the current literature on counter-insurgency, notably the social-institutional study of insurgencies by Paul Staniland. It concludes that orthodox views of the conflict need to be reshaped into a new methodology that focuses on leadership performance and away from a timeline based on periods of major combat. -
Sri Lanka: Journalists, Media Professionals and Human Rights Activists
Country Policy and Information Note Sri Lanka: Journalists, media professionals and human rights activists Version 2.0 July 2017 Preface This note provides country of origin information (COI) and policy guidance to Home Office decision makers on handling particular types of protection and human rights claims. This includes whether claims are likely to justify the granting of asylum, humanitarian protection or discretionary leave and whether – in the event of a claim being refused – it is likely to be certifiable as ‘clearly unfounded’ under s94 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002. Decision makers must consider claims on an individual basis, taking into account the case specific facts and all relevant evidence, including: the policy guidance contained with this note; the available COI; any applicable caselaw; and the Home Office casework guidance in relation to relevant policies. Country information COI in this note has been researched in accordance with principles set out in the Common EU [European Union] Guidelines for Processing Country of Origin Information (COI) and the European Asylum Support Office’s research guidelines, Country of Origin Information report methodology, namely taking into account its relevance, reliability, accuracy, objectivity, currency, transparency and traceability. All information is carefully selected from generally reliable, publicly accessible sources or is information that can be made publicly available. Full publication details of supporting documentation are provided in footnotes. Multiple sourcing is normally used to ensure that the information is accurate, balanced and corroborated, and that a comprehensive and up-to-date picture at the time of publication is provided. Information is compared and contrasted, whenever possible, to provide a range of views and opinions. -
Sri Lanka: Tamil Politics and the Quest for a Political Solution
SRI LANKA: TAMIL POLITICS AND THE QUEST FOR A POLITICAL SOLUTION Asia Report N°239 – 20 November 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 II. TAMIL GRIEVANCES AND THE FAILURE OF POLITICAL RESPONSES ........ 2 A. CONTINUING GRIEVANCES ........................................................................................................... 2 B. NATION, HOMELAND, SEPARATISM ............................................................................................. 3 C. THE THIRTEENTH AMENDMENT AND AFTER ................................................................................ 4 D. LOWERING THE BAR .................................................................................................................... 5 III. POST-WAR TAMIL POLITICS UNDER TNA LEADERSHIP ................................. 6 A. RESURRECTING THE DEMOCRATIC TRADITION IN TAMIL POLITICS .............................................. 6 1. The TNA ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2. Pro-government Tamil parties ..................................................................................................... 8 B. TNA’S MODERATE APPROACH: YET TO BEAR FRUIT .................................................................. 8 1. Patience and compromise in negotiations -
THE COMPETITION for Regional Advantage IPDF TABLE of CONTENTS VOLUME 44, ISSUE 1 Features
VOLUME 44, ISSUE 1, 2019 THE COMPETITION for Regional Advantage IPDF TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 44, ISSUE 1 features 10 Trafficked Nations in the region launch laws and programs to tackle illegal trade in humans. 14 Understanding North Korea Another long challenge shared by the Indo-Pacific region. 20 Russian Ambition Moscow exploits shifts in Indo-Pacific alliances to grab power. 24 India and China Face Off Competition for naval dominance in the Indian Ocean region. 28 Open Lines of Communication Disaster lesson: Civil-military dialogue saves lives. 34 Thailand Deploys Peacekeeping Forces A question and answer with Royal Thai Armed Forces Rear Adm. Nuttapong Ketsumboon. 42 Advancing Disaster Risk Reduction Nepal’s multilateral approach after a pair of megaquakes. 46 Rise of Small Boats Sri Lanka Navy’s experience provides lessons to maritime nations on bolstering counterterrorism strategies. 52 Rising Sharp Power Authoritarian regimes China and Russia increasingly manipulate, bully and distract to advance their agendas in democratic nations. 28 departments 4 Indo-Pacific View 5 Contributors 6 Across the Region News from the Indo-Pacific. 8 Terrorist Update Indonesia toughens terror law after attacks using children. 60 Voice India’s strategic expansion in the Pacific island region. 64 World Horizons Pioneering safer fishing in Madagascar and fossil-fuel-free steel in Sweden. 65 Contemplations European lawmakers want global ban on lethal robots. 66 This & That News of the interesting, unusual and entertaining. 67 Parting Shot Members of the Japan Self-Defense Forces’ honor guard prepare for the arrival of the commander of the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command in Tokyo. -
Sri Lanka, Naval War Against Tamil Tigers
Published on How does law protect in war? - Online casebook (https://casebook.icrc.org) Home > Sri Lanka, Naval War against Tamil Tigers Sri Lanka, Naval War against Tamil Tigers INTRODUCTORY TEXT: The Sea Tigers was the name of the naval wing of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE, known also as the Tamil Tigers) during the Sri Lankan Civil War (1983-2009). During its existence, it gained a reputation as a capable adversary for the Sri Lankan Navy. This case will discuss whether the international law applicable to armed conflict at sea governed this conflict and whether the actual hostilities were conducted according to its rules. N.B. As per the disclaimer [1], neither the ICRC nor the authors can be identified with the opinions expressed in the Cases and Documents. Some cases even come to solutions that clearly violate IHL. They are nevertheless worthy of discussion, if only to raise a challenge to display more humanity in armed conflicts. Similarly, in some of the texts used in the case studies, the facts may not always be proven; nevertheless, they have been selected because they highlight interesting IHL issues and are thus published for didactic purposes. Case prepared by Eleonora Heim, Master student at the Universities of Basel and Geneva, under the supervision of Professor Marco Sassòli and Ms. Yvette Issar, research assistant, both at the University of Geneva. A. NAVY REDOUBLES EFFORTS TO BLOCKADE MULLAITIVU [Source: The Island, “Reinforcements sent to Trincomalee: Navy redoubles efforts to blockade Mullaitivu”, 3rd June 2001, Available at https://www.island.lk/2001/06/03/defenc01.html [2] (footnotes omitted)] [1] LTTE leader Velupillai Prabhakaran has ordered leaders of the Sea Tigers to come up with ways and means to beat the Sri Lanka Navy’s blockade off Mullaitivu, after Navy Commander Vice Admiral Daya Sandagiri revamped his strategy, according to sources in the Wanni. -
Attack on the Dollar Farm & Kent Farm – Welioya
The LTTE Originating in the mid-1970s, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), is a mono-ethnic, fascist, terrorist organisation operating in Sri Lanka that seeks to carve out a separate state in an area that comprises 1/3 of Sri Lanka’s land mass and 2/3 of its coastline. Its trail of atrocities has resulted in the killing of some 60,000 persons and destruction of public and private properties. Among its victims are former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi of India, President Ranasinghe Premadasa of Sri Lanka as well as two generations of Tamil politicians and academics of Sri Lanka, including Foreign Minister Lakshman Kadirgamar and TULF leaders A.Amirthalingam and Dr. Neelan Thiruchelvam. The LTTE’s global network of propaganda, fundraising, procurement and shipping has been in existence since the early 1980s. The LTTE is a proscribed terrorist organisation in India, US, Canada, UK and other EU countries. Suicide Bombing Since its first suicide attack in 1987, the LTTE has successfully used the art of suicide bombing to achieve the elimination of political leaders, including moderate Tamil leaders who were part of the democratic political mainstream. The LTTE has carried out around 1/3 of all suicide attacks in the world. The use of the cyanide capsule is a standard method of the LTTE suicide bombers to evade arrest. Even its leader Velupillai Prabhakaran displays a cyanide capsule around his neck and has made it mandatory for all LTTE cadres to wear one, to reflect the spirit of sacrifice and martyrdom expected of an LTTE suicide bomber. -
Surf Bronze Lifeguard from 1975 to 30.11.2017
Surf Bronze Lifeguard from 1975 to 30.11.2017 SLLS SLG Reg No.Initials with Surname Date of Birth Examination Date Affiliate Club 00354 Mr. D. Sarath Leelananda03.04.1954 16.03.1975 Kinross Club 00355 Mr. Fordes Oswald 28.02.1955 16.03.1975 Kinross Club 00356 Mr. Liyanaarachchi Kumara19.05.1954 16.03.1975 Kinross Club 00357 Mr. Liyanaarachchi U.K. Matara28.11.1955 16.03.1975 Kinross Club 00358 Mr. Bultjens James Robert 30.03.1975 O.T.S.C 00359 Mr. Magage Ranjith Fernando 30.03.1975 O.T.S.C 00360 Mr. M.W. Mahinda Gunawardane 30.03.1975 O.T.S.C 00361 Mr. B.A. Lorenz Labrooy 30.03.1975 O.T.S.C 00362 Mr. Sumedha Mahanama Liyanage 30.03.1975 O.T.S.C 00363 Mr. Sumedha Mahanama Liyanage 30.03.1975 O.T.S.C 00364 Mr. Charles Philip Weinman 30.03.1975 O.T.S.C 00365 Mr. U. Danasiri 19.07.1975 P.S.D. 00366 Mr. D.M.Dharmapala 19.07.1975 P.S.D. 00367 Mr. R. Ekanayake 19.07.1975 P.S.D. 00368 Mr. P.S.R. Fernando 19.07.1975 P.S.D. 00369 Mr. T.A.N. Nandasena 19.07.1975 P.S.D. 00370 Mr. B.H.N. Nelson 19.07.1975 P.S.D. 00371 Mr. O.K. Ratnapala 19.07.1975 P.S.D. 00372 Mr. K.A. Somipala 19.07.1975 P.S.D. 00373 Mr. G.H.A.S. Sumanasiri 19.07.1975 P.S.D. 00374 Mr. -
ISAS Insights No
ISAS Insights No. 302 – 22 December 2015 Institute of South Asian Studies National University of Singapore 29 Heng Mui Keng Terrace #08-06 (Block B) Singapore 119620 Tel: (65) 6516 4239 Fax: (65) 6776 7505 www.isas.nus.edu.sg http://southasiandiaspora.org UNHRC Resolution and Sri Lanka’s ‘Domestic Mechanism’: Accountability for Human Rights Violations Following the recent United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) resolution on Sri Lanka, the Sirisena Government has embarked on a process of establishing a ‘domestic mechanism’. It is imperative to set up this mechanism without further delay to address both domestic and international concerns over the alleged human rights violations in the country. Ayesha Kalpani Wijayalath1 In the context of positive signals on accountability and reconciliation by the newly elected government in January 2015, the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) decided to defer consideration of the report mandated by Human Rights Council Resolution 25/1, until the 30th session in September 2015. 1 Ms Ayesha Kalpani Wijayalath is Research Assistant at the Institute of South Asian Studies (ISAS), an autonomous research institute at the National University of Singapore. She can be contacted at [email protected]. The author, not ISAS, is responsible for the facts cited and opinions expressed in this paper. Addressing the 30th UNHRC session on 30 September 2015, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra’ad Al Hussein justified the recommendation of the OISL [Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights